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ENGINEERING MATERIAL VT LIU K THUT

FERROUS METAL - KIM LOI EN Iron-iron carbide diagram: Gin trng thi ca st (Fe-Fe3C) Allotrope of iron: Tnh th hnh ca st Alpha iron: St - anpha Gamaron: St gama Phase: Pha Liquid solution of carbon in iron: Dung dch lng cacbon trong st Solid solution of carbon in iron: Dung dch rn ca cacbon trong st Austenite: Auxtnit Ferrite: Ferit Cementite: Xementit Pearlite: Peclit Ledeburite: Ledeburit Sorbite: Xocbit Troostite: Troostit Bainite: Bnit Martensite: Marcenxit Steel: Thp Steel grade: k hiu thp Open-hearth steel: thp Mactanh Electric (furnace) steel: thp l in Converter steel bessemer steel: thp l chuyn Killed steel: thp lng Semi-killed steel: thp na lng Rimming steel: thp si Casting steel, cast steel: thp c Structural steel: Thp kt cu Tool steel: thp dng c Grain size of steel: c ht ca thp Fine - grain steel: thp ht nh Coarse-grained steel: thp ht th
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Cacbon steel: thp cacbon Low-cacbon steel: thp cacbon thp Medium-cacbon steel: thp cacbon trung bnh High-cacbon steel: thp cacbon cao Carbon steel with guaranteed chemical composition: thp cacbon xc nh theo thnh phn ha hc Good-quality carbon structural steel: thp kt cu cacbon cht lng cao Free cutting steel: thp d ct Good-quality carbon tool steel: thp cacbon dng c cht lng cao High-quality carbon tool steel: thp cacbon dng c cht lng c bit Alloy steel: thp hp kim Low-alloy steel: thp hp kim thp Medium-alloy steel: thp hp kim trung bnh Manganese steel: thp mng gan Chromium steel: thp crm Chromium ball - bearing steel: thp ln (bc n) Chromium-manganese steel: thp Cr-Mn Chromium-silicon steel: Thp Cr-Si Chromium-siliconmanganese steel: Thp Cr-Si-Mn Nickel-chromium steel: thp Cr-Ni Nickel-chromium-molybdenum steel: thp Cr-Ni-Mo Alloy tool steel: thp dng c hp kim Stainless steel: thp khng g High-temperature steel: thp bn nng High-speed steel: thp dng c ct gt tc cao (thp gi) Cast iron: gang c Pig iron: gang thi Foundry pig iron: gang thi c White cast iron: gang trng Grey iron: gang xm Graphite: graphit
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Flake graphite: graphit tm Malleable cast iron: gang do Temper carbon: Cacbon White-heart malleable cast iron: gang do tm trng Black-heart malleable cast iron: gang do tm en Inoculated cast iron: gang c bin tnh High-strength cast iron, nodular cast iron: gang bn cao, gang cu Sphecrical graphite: graphit cu

NONFERROUS METALS - KIM LOI KHNG ST Bronze: Brng; hp kim ng thau Tin bronze: Brng thic Aluminium bronze: Brng nhm Aluminium-iron-nickel bronze: brng Al-Fe-Ni Lead bronze: brng ch Brass: latng; ng thau Silicon brass: latng Si Iron-lead brass: latng Fe-Pb Aluminium-iron brass: latng Al-Fe Babbitt: hp kim babit Light alloy: hp kim nh Aluminium alloy: hp kim nhm Aluminium cast alloy: hp kim nhm c Aluminium silicon alloy: hp kim Al-Si Wrought aluminium alloy: Hp kim nhm bin dng Duralumin: Dura; hp kim Al-Cu Magnesium alloy: hp kim Manh Titannium alloy: hp kim Titan Sintered alloy: hp kim gm Cemented-carbide composition: hp kim cacbit, hp kim cng Tungsten carbide: Cacbit vonphram Cemented tungsten-cacbide composition: hp kim cacbit vonphram

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- Cemented titanium-tungsten-cacbide composition: hp kim cacbit vonphram titan - Cemented titanium-tantalum tungsten-cacbide composition: hp kim cacbit W-Ti-Ta PLASTICS - CHT DO Resin: nha Filler: cht n Plastificator: cht lm do Thermoplastic resin: nha nhit do Thermoplast: cht do nhit Thermosetting resin: nha nhit cng Thermosetting plastic: cht do nhit cng Synthytic resin: nha tng hp Phenolic plastic cht do phenon Resin-dipped fabric laminate: si vi nhng nha

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CHI TIT MY MACHINE ELEMENT


Part, detail: chi tit Joint: mi ghp Movable joint: ghp di ng Fixed join: ghp c nh Detachable joint: ghp tho c Permanent join: ghp lu di Firm joint: ghp cng Firm-and-impervious joint: ghp cng c nh Cylindrical joint: mi ghp tr Hole; bore: l Conical joint: mi ghp cn Cone angle: gc cn Taper angle: gc nghing Taper: cn Base distance: khong cch c s Self-holding taper: cn t gi Morse taper: cn Morse Metric taper: cn mt

RIVETED JOINTS - MI GHP INH TN Rivet: inh tn Rivet shank: thn inh tn Primary head: u inh tn Snap head: u tn Lap-joint: ghp chng Butt-joint: ghp i nh, i tip Cover palate: tm ghp ngoi Single-riveted joint: mi ghp inh tn n Double-riveted joint: mi ghp inh tn kp Pitch of joint: bc ghp inh tn Triple-riveted joint: mi ghp inh tn 3 lp
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Single shear joint: mi ghp bc n Double shear joint: mi ghp bc kp Parallel-row joint: mi ghp song song Staggered joint: mi ghp bc Round head rivet, button head rivet: inh tn u trn Cone head rivet: inh tn u cn Oval countersunk head rivet: inh tn u oval chm Explosive rivet: inh tn n Flanged tubular rivet: inh tn ng g Round-flanged tubular rivet: inh tn ng g trn

WELDED JOINTS (MI GHP HN) Butt welded joint: mi hn ghp mi Lap welded joint: mi hn ph T-joint: mi hn ch T Corner joint: mi hn gc Butt corner joint: mi hn gc gip mi Square-face weld: hn mt vung Bevel weld: mi hn vt Bevel weld: gc vt Single - V weld: mi hn ch V n Single-bevel weld: mi hn vt n Double-bevel groove weld: hn rnh vt mp Double-V weld: hn ch V kp Single-U weld: hn ch U n Double -U butt weld: hn ch U kp Side lap, parallet fillet weld: hn chng cnh bin End lap weld, normal fillet: hn goc u chng Oblique lab weld: hn gc u xin End-and-side lap weld: hn chng u v cnh xin Slot lap weld: hn chng rnh Transfusion weld: hn ghp rnh Plug lap weld: hn chng cc l
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THREADED JOINTS (MI GHP REN) Thread: ren External thread: ren ngoi Internal thread: ren trong Cylindrical thread: ren tr Taper thread: ren cn Right-hand thread: ren phi Left-hand thread: ren tri Single-start thread: ren mt u mi Turn of thread: chiu quay ren Lead of thread: hng ren Pitch of thread: bc ren Double-start thread: ren hai u mi Multiple-start thread: ren nhiu u mi Fastener thread: ghp cht bng ren Motion thread, translating thread: ren di ng Thread profile: bin dng ren Trianggular thread: ren tam gic Major diameter of thread: ng knh nh ren Minor diameter of thread: ng knh chn ren Pitch diameter: ng knh bc ren Depth of basic profile: chiu su profin c bn Depth of thread: chiu su ren Angle of thread: gc profin ren Metric thread: ren h mt Coarse-pitch thread: ren bc th Fine-pitch thread: ren bc nh Pipe thread: ren ng Whitworth thread: ren whitworts Screw: bu lng, vt Hexagonal head screw: bulong u lc gic Countersunk-head screw: vt u chm
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Oval-head screw: vt u ovan Round-head screw: vt u trn Cheese-head screw: vt u tr Hexagon-socket head: vt u c hc lc gic Set screw: vt cy chm Stud,stud-bolt: vt cy Eye-bolt: bu lng vng Nut: ai c Hexagonal nut: ai c lc gic Round nut: ai c trn Castle nut: ai c hoa Bolt joint: mi ghp bulong Bolt: bu lng Washer: vng m Feed screw: vt bc tin Ball circulating screw: bu lng vng bi Ball circulangting nut: ai c vng bi Locking: cht cht Locknut: ai c chn Spring lock washer: vng m chn n hi

SHAFTS AND AXLES - CC LOI TRC Axle : trc Shaft : trc Collar pin : cht c vnh t Signle-throw crankshaft : trc khuu n Cranshaft : trc khuu Camshaft : trc cam Excenter shaft : trc lch tm Flexible shaft : trc mm, trc n hi Telescope shaft : trc kiu ng lng Solid shaft : trc c Hollow shaft : trc rng
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Cardan shaft : trc cac ng Stepped shaft : trc bc Pinion shaft : trc bnh rng Smooth shaft : trc trn Pin : cht Alignment pin : cht nh tm Dowel pin : cht nh v Taper pin : cht cn Grooved straight pin : cht thng c rnh Journal : ngng trc Neckjournal : c ngng Thrust journal : ngng ta End journal : u ngng Taper journal: ngng cn Spherical journal : ngng cu Collar journal : vai ngng Collar : mt bch Shoulder : g bin Groove : rnh Fillet : gc ln Chamfer : vt cnh Face : mt u Setting ring : vng nh v Taper sunk key : cht cn chim Gib head taper key : cht cn chn u Flat key : then thng Flat : u phng Saddle key : then ma st Tangential key : then tip tuyn Keyway, keyseat: rnh cht, rnh then Spline joint: ghp then hoa Spline shaft : trc then hoa Straight spline joint : mi ghp then hoa thng
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Involute spline joint : ghp then hoa trong Serrated joint : mi ghp then hoa rng ca Major-diameter fit : lp theo ng knh nh ren Minor-diameter fit : lp theo ng knh chn ren Side bearing fit : lp theo bin dng then Polygon shaft joint : mi ghp trc a cnh Retaining ring : vng gi

SUPPORTS AND BEARING - GI , Support: gi Housing : thn trc Solid housing : v bc cng, lin khi Split housing : v hc ri Bearing : vng Cover : np ngoi Radial bearing : ln bi Seft aligning bearing: ln nho Thrust bearing : chn Radial and thrust bearing : chn Flange bearing : bch Base plate : tm c s Hanger : gi treo Bearing base : gi Bracket : gi lp Sliding bearing, plain bearing : trt, trn Bearing shell : ng lt trc Solid bearing shell, bearing bushing: ng lt cng, lin khi Oil groove : rnh du Split bearing shell: ng lt c rnh Bimetal shell: lng kim (ng lt kim loi kp) Antifriction lining : lp chng ma st Self-lubricating bearing, oiless bearing : ng trt t bi trn Collar thrust bearing: trt chn c g
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Hydrodynamic bearing : trc thy ng Oil film: mng du Oil film wedge : mng du chem. Segment shoe bearing : trt guc vng Bearing shoe: guc trt Hydrostatic bearing : trt thy tnh Oil pocket: hc du Antifriction bearing, rollingelement bearing : ln Outer ring : vng ngoi Inter ring : vng trong Separator , cage : vng cch Rolling element : phn t ln Race : rnh ln Ball : bi cu Roller : bi ln Cylindrical roller, plain roller, straight roller : bi tr, bi a Taper roller : bi tr cn Barrel-shaped roller: bi hnh trng Helical roller: bi tr xon Needle roller, needle : bi kim Single row bearing: bi mt tng Double-row antifriction bearing: bi 2 tng Ball bearing : bi Annular ball bearing : bi hnh vng Shield : ming chn Ball thrust bearing : bi chn Single direction ball thrust bearing: bi chn n Double direction ball thrust bearing: bi chn kp Angular contact ball bearing : bi tip xc gc Roller bearing : ln tr Plain roller bearing : ln tr trn Tapered roller bearing : ln cn nghing Needle roller bearing : ln kim
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Spherical roller bearing : ln tr cu Adapter sleeve : ng lt trt Radial clearance : khe h bn knh Axial play : lch trc Preloading of the antifriction bearing : s qu ti i vi ln Distance sleeve : ng lt ngn cch Series of antifriction bearing : chui cc ln Super light series : chui siu nh Extra light series : chui rt nh Light series : chui nh Medium series : chui trung bnh Heavy series : chui nng Base load rating, dynamic load rating : mc ti trng c s, mc ti trng ng lc Static load rating: mc ti trng tnh Radial load : ti trng hng knh Axial load : ti trng hng trc Equivalent radial load : ti trng hng knh tng ng Rotation factor : h s quay Radial factor : h s hng knh Thrust factor : h s chn Factor of safety : h s an ton Temperature factor : h s nhit Rating life of a bearing : tui bn ca ln Type of loading of antifriction bearing : kiu ti trng i vi ln Local loading: ti trng cc b Circulation loading : ti trng theo chu vi Oscillation loading : ti trng dao ng GUIDEWAYS H Y

- Guideway , guide: hng, dn hng - Sliding guideways: dn hng kiu trt - Closed guideways : dn hng kn
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Open guideways: dn hng m Flat guideway : dn hng phng V guideway: dn hng ch V Dovetail guideway : dn hng n khp ui n Cylindrical guideway : dn hng tr Taper gib : cht hm cn Clamping strip : vng kp Built up guideway : dn hng pha trn Circular guideway : dn hng vng Hydrostatic guideway : dn hng thy tnh Linear motion antifriction bearings : trt chng ma st chuyn ng tnh tin Ball bearing guideways : dn hng cu Roller bearing guideways: dn hng trc Linear motion roller bearing : dn hng tr tuyn tnh Ball bearing bushing : ng lt bi CLUTCHES AND COUPLINGS LY HP V KHP NI

Clutch , shaft coupling : ly hp, khp ni trc Coupling, shaft coupling: s ni khp, s ni trc Rigid coupling : khp ni cng Sleeve coupling : khp ni kiu ng Split muff coupling : khp ng ch Flange coupling : khp bch Flexible coupling : khp mm, khp n hi Resilient material coupling: khp dng vt liu n hi Pin and bushing flexible coupling : khp mm cht v ng lt Rubber spider coupling : khp cao su hnh sao Half of the coupling : mt na khp ni Rubber spider: cao su hnh sao Rubber annulus coupling : khp ni m cao su Gear coupling : khp ni rng Oldham coupling, slider coupling : khp ni trt, khp ni Oldham
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Universal joit, Hookeas coupling : khp ni vn nng Clutch : ly hp Externally actuated clutch: ly hp dn ng ngoi Positive-contact clutch, jaw clutch: ly hp vu Jaw : vu Gear clutch : ly hp rng Magnetic fluid clutch: ly hp dng t sinh Friction clutch: ly hp ma st Disk clutch: ly hp a Single-disk clutch: ly hp a n Multiple-dick clutch: ly hp nhiu a Friction dick: a ma st Lever actuated friction clutch: ly hp ma st cn dn ng Air-actuated friction clutch: ly hp dn ng bng kh nn Oil-actuated friction clutch: ly hp ma st dn ng bng du p Electromagnetic friction clutch: ly hp ma st in t Cone clutch: ly hp cn Self-actuaed clutch: ly hp t dn ng Safety clutch, overload release clutch: ly hp an ton Overload shearing clutch: ly hp ct khi qu ti Shear pin: cht st Ball-type overload-release clutch: ly hp nh qu ti kiu bi Jaw type overload-release clutch: ly hp nh qu ti kiu vu Centrifugal clutch: ly hp ly tm Overrunning clutch: ly hp chy t do Brake : thng (phanh) Block brake: thng kiu khi Brake drum: trng thng Brake block: khi thng Band brake: thng ai Brake band: ai thng Cone brake: thng cn

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SPRINGS L XO Helical spring: l xo xon c Cylindrical extension spring: l xo gin n tr Spring coil, spring turn: vng xon l xo Hook end: u mc Mean spring diameter: ng knh trung bnh ca l xo Wire diameter: ng knh dy Spring index: ch s l xo Spring rate: cng l xo Cylindrical compression spring: l xo nn kiu tr Squared end turn, close end turn: u xon l xo Conical spring : l xo cn Spring of round wire : l xo dy trn Spring of rectangular wire: l xo giy ch nht Belleville spring : l xo belleville Set of Belleville springs: chng l xo Belleville Ring spring: l xo vng Spriral spring: l xo xon c Torsion bar spring: l xo thanh xon Leaf spring: l xo l Multiple-leaf spring: nhp nhiu l Block spring : l xo khi

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POWER TRANSMISSION AND MECHANISMS C CU V TRUYN NG


Drive: truyn ng Kinematic diagram: s ng Power transmission, transmission: truyn ng 1 cp Single-stage transmission: truyn ng 1 cp Centre distance: khong cch tm Driving shaft: trc dn ng Driven shaft: trc b dn Velocity ratio, speed ratio: t s tc Transmission ratio: t s truyn ng Multi-stage transmission: truyn ng nhiu cp Underdrive transmission, reducing transmission: truyn ng gim tc Overdrive transmission, stepup transmission: truyn ng tng tc Stepped speed variation: thay i tc theo cp Transmission gearbox: hp bnh rng truyn ng Series of speeds: chui tc Range of variation: khong bin i Common ratio of the series of speeds: t s chung ca chui tc Stepless speed variations: bin i tc v cp FRICTION GEARINGS TRUYN NG MA ST Cone friction gearing: truyn ng ma st cn Frontal friction gearing: truyn ng ma st mt External-contact friction gearing: truyn ng ma st tip xc ngoi Internal-contact friction gearing: truyn ng ma st tip xc trong Friction wheel, friction disk: bnh ma st, a ma st Flat-faced-rim friction whell: bnh ma st vnh phng Rim : vnh bnh Grooved friction wheel: bnh ma st c rnh Slip : s trt
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- Relative: trt tng i - Pull factor: yu t ko - Pull characteristic of a friction gearing: c tnh ko ca truyn ng ma st - Variable-speed friction drive unit: cm truyn ng ma st phng tc thay i - Cone variable-speed friction drive unit: cm truyn ng ma st cn tc thay i - Toroidal variable-speed friction drive unit: cm truyn ng ma st toroit tc thay i - Disk-type variable-speed friction drive unit: cm truyn ng ma st kiu a tc thay i BELT DRIVES TRUYN NG AI Open-belt drive: truyn ng ai h Belt: ai Driving side of belt: mt truyn ng ca ai Slack side of belt: mt chng ca ai Pulley: rng rc, puli Crossed-belt drive: truyn ng ai cho Quarter-turn belt drive: truyn ng ai na cho Angular belt drive: truyn ng ai gc Guiding idler pulley: puli dn hng trung gian Belt drive with a tensioner: truyn ng ai c b cng ai Tensioning idler pulley: puli cng ai trung gian Belt tensioning: s cng ai Arc of contact: gc tip xc Pull factor: h s ko Flat-belt drive: truyn ng ai dt Flat belt: ai dt Crowned rim: rnh vnh khn V-belt drive: truyn ng ai V Vee-belt: ai V
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Multiple vee-belt: ai V bi V-belt variable-speed drive unit: truyn ng ai v cp Timing belt: ai c rng Round belt: ai tit din trn Leather belt: ai da Woven fabric belt: ai vi si Rubber-impregnated belt: ai cao su Belt joint: u ni ai Cemented joint: mi ni gin Laced joint: mi ni gc CHAIN TRANSMISSIONS TRUYN NG XCH

Power transmission chain: xch truyn ng Spocket: a rng Roller chain: xch ln Roller-link plate: m trong ca Pin: cht xch Bushing: ng lt cht xch Chain roller: con ln Pitch of chain: bc xch Bushing chain: xch mt phng Two-strand chain: xch kp Multiple-strand chain: xch nhiu dy Ewart chain: xch Ewart Bent plate: m xch Silent chain: xch m Plate retainer: tm gi hng Detachable chain: xch tho c Bushing-stud chain: xch cht mt phng Hoisting chain: xch ko Hoisting coil chain: mt xch nng Flat-link hoisting chain: xch nng mt dt

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TOOTHED GEARINGS TRUYN NG BNH RNG Toothed gearing, gear train: truyn ng bnh rng Toothed gear, gear: bnh rng Pinion: bnh rng nh Rack-and-pinion transmission: truyn ng thanh rng - bnh rng Gear rack, rack: thanh rng Rack pinion: thanh rng nh Cylindrical gearing: truyn ng bnh rng tr Bevel gearing: truyn ng bnh rng cn Shaft angle: gc gia cc trc Crossed-axis helical gearing: truyn ng bnh rng xon trc vung gc Hypoid gearing: truyn ng bnh rng hypoit Hypoid gear: bnh rng ch ng hypoit Hypoid pinion: bnh rng b ng hypoit Wrom gearing: truyn ng bnh vt-trc vt External gearing: truyn ng bnh rng ngoi Internal gearing: truyn ng bnh rng trong Epicyclic gear train: truyn ng bnh rng hnh tinh Planet carrier: trc quay hnh tinh Sungear: bnh rng nh tinh Differential gear train: bnh rng vi sai Differential pur gear train: truyn n bnh rng vi sai phn nhnh Differential bevel gear train: truyn n bnh rng cn vi sai Wave gear: truyn ng bnh rng kiu song Flexible gear: bnh rng mm do Rigid gear: bnh rng cng Wave generator: b to sng Toothing: to rnh Tooth: rng Tooth space: khe h rng Tip surface: nh rng
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Root surface: chn rng Tooth flank: mt rng tip xc Fillet surface: mt ln Involute tooth system: h thng thn khai Pitch point: tm ca bc rng Pitch circle: vng bc rng Base circle: vng trn c s Base circle diameter: ng knh vng c s Base pitch: bc c bn Line of action: ng tc dng Pressure angle: gc p lc Length of path in contact: chiu di ng tip xc Transverse contact ratio: t s tip xc c cng thc ton hc Tip circle: vng nh rng Root circle: vng chn rng Addendum part of tooth: phn u rnh Dedendum part of tooth: phn chn rnh Tooth profile: bin dng rng Active flank: mt hot ng Circumferential backlash: khe h chu vi Basic rack: vng c s Module: modul bnh rng Profile angle: gc bin dng Depth of engagement: chiu su tip xc Pitch line: ng bc rng Bottom clearance: khe h chn rng Fillet radius: bn knh gc ln Circular-helical system: h thng bnh rng tr xon Cylindrical gear: bnh rng tr Spur gear: bnh rng tr thng Helical gear: bnh rng xon Herringbone gear: bnh rng ch V Elements of a cylindrical gear: cc thnh phn ca bnh rng tr
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Face width: b rng mt rng Transverse module: modul chia Reference cylineder: hnh tr chia Reference diameter: ng knh chia Reference circle: vng chia Tooth trace: ng rng Helix angle on the rejerence cylinder: gc xon trn vng tr chia Normal pitch: bc php tuyn Normal module: Modul php tuyn Axial pitch: bc trc Overlap ratio: t s khng n khng n khp Lead of tooth helix: hng ca ng xon rng Tip diameter: ng knh nh Addendum: u rng Dedendum: chn rng Tooth undercut: ct chn rng Addendum modification: bin dng u rng X-zero gear: bnh rng chun X-gear: bnh rng ch X Addendum modification shift: di trt u rng Addendum modification coeffient: h s bin dng u rng Base tangent length: chiu di tip tuyn c s Distance over pins: kch thc qua cht Tooth thickness along chord: chiu di rng theo dy cung Chordal height: chiu cao dy cung Tooth thickness along reference circle: chiu di rng theo ng trn quy chiu Barrel-shaped tooth: rng dng Barrel Tip relief tooth: rng nh ht lng Tip relief: ht lng nh rng Bevel gear: bnh rng cn Crown wheel: bnh dn Straight-tooth bevel gear: bnh rng cn thng
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Straight tooth: rng thng Tooth taper angle: gc cn ca rng Helical bevel gear: bnh rng cn xon Helical bevel tooth: rng cn xon Spiral angle: gc xon Spiral bevel gear: bnh rng cn xon c Circular arc spiral bevel gear tooth: rng cn xon c vng cung Elements of a bevel gear: cc thnh phn ca bnh rng cn Tip cone: cn nh Tip cone angle: gc cn nh Outside diameter: ng knh ngoi Root cone: cn chn rng Root cone angle: gc cn chn rng Complementary cone: phn cn b Reference cone, pitch cone: bc cn, cn qui chiu Pitch angle: gc bc Bearing face: mt Width of face: chiu rng mt u Pitch cone radius: bn knh bc cn Mounting distance: khong cch lp Worm: trc vt Cylindrical worm: trc vt tr Globodial worm: trc vt cu Archimedes worm : trc vt acsimet Involute worm: trc vt thn khai trong Thread-convolute worm: trc vt ren xon Thread-space worm: trc vt ren khng gian xon Worm grind by toroidal wheel: mi trc vt bng bnh mi xuyn Worm grind by cone wheel: mi trc vt bng bnh mi cn Elements of worm: cc thnh phn ca trc vt Tip cylinder: nh trc Tip cylinder diameter: ng knh tr nh Root cylinder: tr chn
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Pitch cylinder : bc tr Pitch diameter: ng knh bc Threaded length: phn ren Axial pitch: bc trc Axial module: modul trc Number of threads: s ren Whole depth of thread: chiu su ren ton phn Thread profile in normal section: chiu dy ren mt ct ngang Measurement height: chiu cao o Worm-wheel: bnh vt Medium plane of worm-wheel rim: mt phng gia ca vng bnh vt Throat diameter: ng knh chun Outside diameter of worm wheel rim: ng knh ngoi ca bnh vt - Centre distance in cutting: khong cch tm n khp SPEED REDUCERS HP GIM TC Single-stage reducer: hp gim tc mt cp Parallel-shaft reducer: hp gim tc trc song song Right-angle reducer: hp gim tc trc vung gc Two-stage reducer: hp gim tc 2 cp Two-stage right angle reducer: hp gim tc hai cp vung gc Worm-gear reducer: hp gim tc bnh vt-trc vt Two stage-worm reducer: hp gim tc trc vt hai cp Epicyclic-gear-train reducer: hp gim tc epixilic Wave-type reducer: hp gim tc kiu song Gearmotor: hp gim tc ng c

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MECHANISMS NGUYN L MY
Mechanism: c cu Spatial mechanism: c cu khng gian Planar mechanism: c cu phng Link: khu Input link, driving link: khu dn ng Output link, driven link: khu b ng Kinematic pair: cp ng hc Turning pair, hinge: khp bn l Rectilinear sliding pair: khp trt Spheric pair: khp cu Articulated machanism: c cu khp ni Crank-and-rocker mechanism: c cu tay quay-thanh trt Crank: tay quay Connecting rod: thanh truyn Rocker: thanh trt Slider-crank mechanism: c cu tay quay-thanh trt Ram slider, slide block: khung, khi trt Slotted-link mechanism, linkage with moving slide: c cu Culit Slotted link: ng rnh Slide block: khi trt Sliding slotted link: ng trt rnh Oscillating slotted link: ng rnh dao ng Cam machanism: c cu cam Cam: cam Follower: bnh b dn Sliding cam: cam trt Radial cam, plate cam: cam phng lch tm Drum cam, cylicder cam: cam trng, cam tr Geneva mechanism: c cu Geneva Geneva wheel: bnh Geneva Ratcher gearing: bnh con cc
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S TAY TING ANH C KH

Ratcher wheel: bnh cc Pawl, detent: cht cc One-way ratchet gearing: bnh cc 1 chiu Two-way ratchet gearing: bnh cc 2 chiu Carrier : ti Velocity vector diagram: s vecto tc Acceleration vector diagram: s vecto gia tc Motive force: ng lc Resistance force: lc cn Velocity fluctuation: bin i tc Flywheel: bnh FLUID POWER DRIVES TRUYN NG BNG DNG LU NG

Hydraulic power drive: truyn ng thy lc Pneumatic power drive: truyn ng kh nn Hydrostatic power drive: truyn ng thy tnh Hydrodynamic power drive: truyn ng thy ng lc Positive-displacement pump: my bm kiu piston Impeller-type pump: my bm kiu cnh qut Hydraulic actuator: b dn ng thy lc Hydraulic line: ng thy lc Intake line: ng np Perssure line: ng p lc Return line: ng hi chuyn Drain line: ng x Pump: my bm Pump capacity: dung lng bm Hydraulic motor: ng c thy lc Constant-displacement pump: bm vi khong dch chuyn khng i - Constant-speed hydraulic pump: ng c thy lc tc khng i - Variable- displacement pump: ng c thy lc tc bin i S TAY TING ANH C KH Page 25

Pump-motor: ng c bm Air compressor: my nn kh Pneumatic motor: ng c kh nn Vacunm pump: bm chn khng Fan: qut Gear pump: bm bnh rng Gear-type hydraulic: ng c thy lc kiu bnh rng Rotary abutment pump: bm khng khuyn quay Screw pump: bm kiu trc vt Screw motor: ng c kiu trc vt Vane pump: bm cnh qut Vane motor: ng c kiu cnh qut Axial-piston motor: ng c pittong trc Radial-piston pump: bm pittong hng knh Radial- piston motor: ng c pittong hng knh Hydraulic cylinder: xy lanh thy lc Pneumatic cylicnder: xy lanh kh nn Piston: pittong Piston rod: cn pittong Single-acting cylinder: xy lanh tc ng n Double-acting cylinder: xy lanh tc ng kp Head end of cylinder: u cui ca xy lanh Rod end of cylinder: u cn ca xy lanh Plunger cylinder: xy lanh cn y Telescoping cylinder: xy lanh tc ng xa Diaphragm actuator: b kch thch kiu mng Limited rotary hydraulic motor: ng c thy lc quay hn ch Vane-type limited rotary hydraulic motor: ng c thy lc kiu cnh qut quay hn ch Hydraulic transformer: b thay i p sut thy lc Hydraulic control valve: van kim sot thy lc Spool valve, slide valve: van trt Rotary valve: van quay
Page 26

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Seat valve: van kn Pressure control valve: van kim sot p sut Relief valve: van an ton Safety valve: van bo him Pressure reducing valve: van gim p Check valve: van ng, van kim tra Throttle: ng phim Throttling: ng phun Orifice: l phim Distribution valve: van phn phi Hydraulic distribution valve: van phn phi thy lc Pneumatic distribution valve: van phn phi kh nn Hydraulic accumulator: bnh tr thy lc Pipeline: ng ng Pipe: ng Pipe couping: ng ni Elbow: ng khuu Tee: ng T Cross: ni ng ch thp Male pipe plug: nt ng chnh Bonnet: np, chp Cross-over: ng vng yn nga Shoulder nipple: ai c ni Collar nut: ai c xit ni Threaded bushing: ng lt c ren Union joint: ni lien kt Union nipple: ai c ni lin kt Hose: on ng mm LUBRICATION S BI TRN

- Manual lubrication: bi trn bng tay - Ball oiler: bm du kiu bi - Oil gun: ci bm du
S TAY TING ANH C KH Page 27

Oil can: bnh cha du Drip-feed lubrication: bi trn kiu nh git Needle-valve drip-feed oiler: bm du nh git van kim Wick lubrication: s bi trn bng tim (bc) Wick-feed oiler: bm du bng si bc Wick: bc Bath lubrication: s bi trn vi thng cha Oil bath: thng du Splash lubrication: s bi trn bng vng te Splash ring: vng vng te Forced circulation lubrication: s bi trn tun hon cng bc Lubrication pump: thit b bm du bi trn Oil strainer b lc du Oil distributor: b phn phi du Oiling pipe: ng dn du Lubrication point: im bi trn Oil feed adjustment: iu chnh cung cp du Splash lubrication: s bi trn kiu phun sng Oil atomizer: b phun sng Oil mist: sng m du Lubrication: cht bi trn Oil grade: cp du bi trn Industrial oil: du nht cng nghip Oil additive: cht ph gia cho du bi trn Grease: m bi trn Thickener : cht lm c Lime-soap grease: m x bng caxi Solium-soap grease: m x bng natri Penetration number: ch s thm Sealing, seal: lm kn, bt kn Seal: nt y kn Non-contact seal: bt kn khng tip xc Groove seal: bt kn kiu rnh
Page 28

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Laby-rinth seal: bt kn kiu ng phc tp Grease-retaining ring: vng chn m Contact seal: bt kn kiu tip xc Felt seal: bt kn bng pht Lip-type seal: lm kn bng kiu ming ct Flange packing: lp cht bng bch Press-fit seal: nt chn nn Press-fit seal: nt chn nn Reinforced lip-type seal: nt chn tng bn Split ring: vng ch Gasket: m lt

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Page 29

FOUNDRY ENGINEERING K THUT C


Casting: s c Cast: c Mould: khun Mould core: li khun Draft: cn thot sn phm Boss: vu li Rib: gn Pattern: mu c Solid pattern: mu cng lin khi Split pattern: mu phn chia nhiu mu Parting plane: mt phn khun Core print: du ghi li Loose-piece pattern: mu tho c Loose piece: phn tho c Sweep pattern: dng gt Core box: hp li Gating system: h thng u rt Pouring basin: phu rt Sprue: thn u rt Runner: rnh chnh Gate: rnh phn chia Straner core: li tng bn Choke: rnh tit lu Dirt trap: rnh x, rnh tp cht Parting-line gating system: h thng rt rnh ngang Vertical gating system: h thng rt rnh ng Top gating system: h thng rt rnh nh Pencil gating system: h thng rt kiu bt ch Step gating system: h thng rt theo bc Bottom gating system: h thng rt t y ln Horn gate: rnh u cong
Page 30

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Feeder head, riser: u ngt, u hi Open the top feeder: u ngt h, u hi h Blind feeder, blind riser: u ngt kn Permeable core, pencil core: li thm kh Neckd-down feeder: u ngt c tht Air gate, whistlera: u hi Chill: ming kim loi lm ngui nhanh Chaplet: con m (c) Expendable mould: khun dng 1 ln Sand mould: khun ct Flask, moulding box: hp khun Cope: na trn ca khun Drag: na di ca khun Cope flask, cope box: hp khun trn Drag flask, drag box: hp khun di Alignment pin: cht nh v Bottom board: hp khun Green-sand mould: khun ct xm Dry-sand mould: khun ct kh Skin-dried mould: khun c lp b mt sy Chemically hardening mould: khun lm cng bng ha cht Shell mould: khun v Permanent mould: khun vnh cu Metal mould: khun kim loi MOULD AND CORE MATERIALS VT LIU LM KHUN V LI

Natural moulding sand: ct t nhin lm khun Silica: silic Clay: t st High-silica sand: ct giu silic Low-silica sand: ct t silic Weak sand, lean sand: ct yu
Page 31

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Medium strong sand: c trung bnh bn Strong sand: ct bn Very strong sand: ct rt bn Bond: vt liu dnh Binder: cht rn, lin kt Drying oil, linseed oil: du kh, du ht lanh Dextrin: Dextrin Molasses: mt ma Water glass: thy tinh lng Moulding mixture: moulding sand: hn hp lm khun, ct lm khun Sand-and-clay-mixture: hn hp ct t st Core mix, core sand: hn hp li Facing sand: ct mt Backing sand: ct lt Facing-and-backing sand: ct lt-ct m t Liquid self hardening mixture: hn hp lng t ng cng Moisture content: lng cha m, m Clay content: lng t st Grain-size distribution: thnh phn c ht Permeability: thng kh Resistance to spalling: chng p v Sintering: kt t, thiu kt Refractoriness: tnh chu nhit Moulding-sand preparation: chun b ct lm khun Drying, backing: s sy khun Dry: sy Drier : l sy Rotary drier: l sy kiu quay Installation for fluidize-bed drying: lp t my sy kiu phun Crushing: s nghin nh Crush: nghin nh Crusher: my nghin Jaw crusher: my nghin kiu vu
Page 32

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Roll breaker, roll crusher: my nghin trc ln Grinding , milling: s nghin xay Grind, mill: mi, xay Mill: my xay mn Hammer mill: my nghin ba Ball mill: my nghin bi Screening: s sang lc Screening: s sng lc Sieve, screen: li sang Gyratory sieve, rotary screen: li sang quay Oscilating sieve: sang rung Magnetic separator: my tch bng t tnh Mixing: s ha trn Mix: ha trn Sand mill, mixer, miller: xay, nghin, trn ct Aerator: my lm ti bng khng kh Spike desintegrator: my lm ti kiu thanh Belt-type desintegrator: my nh ti kiu bng ti Sand plant: phn xng ct New sand: ct mi Burnt sand: ct c ( lm khun nhiu ln) Reused sand: ct dng li MOULDING S LM KHUN

Pattern moulding: lm khun theo mu Hand moulding: lm khun bng tay Shoveling the moulding sand: s xc ct lm khun Mould board: bng khun Ramming: s m ct Ram: m ct Hand rammer: ba m ct cm tay Pneumatic rammer: thit b m ct kh nn Punching the vent holes: chc l thng kh
Page 33

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Punch: chc l Vent hole: l thng kh Vent wire: dy thng kh Rolling over: s lt khun ln trn Roll over: lt khun ln trn Dusting: s phun bt Parting dust: bt mu vt Cutting the gates: s ct rnh rt Trowel: ci bay lm khun Flat trowel: bay lm phng Slick, sleeker: tha Drawing the pattern: ly mu ra khi khun Draw spike: mc treo mu Spraying: s phun khun Spray: dng phun khun Spraying gun: sung phun Mould wash, mould coating: o khun Assembly of the mould: lp khun Weight: vt chn khun Floor moulding: lm khun trn nn xng Ground: nn xng, nn ct Soft bed: nn mm Stiff bed: nn cng Slag: x Strickling: lm khun theo dng gt Core assembly moulding: lm khun c li lp Jacket: o ngoi hm khun Stack moulding: lm khun nhiu tng Machine moulding: lm khun bng my Moulding machine: my lm khun Squeezing of moulding sand: s p ct lm khun Squeeze head: u p Pattern plate: tm mu
Page 34

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Compressed air: khng kh nn Table: bn p Squeezind and vibration: s p rung Vibrator of the table: my rung bn khun Jolting: s ln rung Joilt: ln rung Final squeezing: s p kt thc Pin lift: s nng bng cht Roll-over table: lt ngc bn khun Draw table: bn ko Rock-over table: bn lt quay Bed: gi my Column: ct my Arm: cn my Air distributor: b phn phi kh Knee valve: van, khp quay Joilt table: bn ln cht Rock-over arm: cn lt quay Sandslinger: my phn phi ct Hopper: phu Impeller, impeller head: u cnh quay Bucket, blade: hp, cnh phn phi Hood: hp ngoi Mould-blowing machine: my phun khun Sand reservoir: bnh tr ct Gate: c Stirrer: b phn khuy trn Blow plate: tm phun Vent-hole plate: tm to l thng kh Shell moulding machine: my lm o khun Roll-over hopper: phu cp Shell sintering furnace: l thiu kt o khun Removeable-flask moulding: lm khun vi hp khun tho c
Page 35

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Core-making, machine: my lm li Squeezing core-making machine: my lm khun kiu m Joilt core-making machine: my lm khun kiu ln cht Core-blowing machine: my lm khun kiu phun Blow valve: vi phun Air pusher: cn nn kh Core-shooting machine: my lm li kiu mng nghing Slotted sleeve: ng lt nhiu l Fast acting valve: van tc ng nhanh Nozzle: hng phun Hot-box core-making machine: my lm li hp nng MELTING AND POURING NU CHY V RT

Melting: s nu chy Cupota: l ng Spark arrester: ng khi p tia la Stack: ng khi Charging door: ca np liu Shell: v l Iron charge, metal charge: np kim loi Lining: tng gch chu la Coke charge: np thn cc Cupolar body, cupolar shaft: thn l Tuyere: ng cp khng kh Wind box: hp gi Sand bottom: y ct Forehearth: l tin Spout: ng rt Coke bed: x than cc Door: ca x x Tap hole: ca ra kim loi Blast: s thi gi Mixture of raw materials: hn hp nguyn liu th
Page 36

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Charge: liu np l Charge calculation: tnh ton liu np l Scrap: kim loi vn Chip briquette: phoi ng bnh Ferroalloy: hp kim st Flux: cht to x Electric arc furnace: l in h quang Graphite electrode: in cc graphit Molten metal: kim loi nng chy Induction furnace: l in cm ng Casting, pouring: s c, rt Ladle: s rt Ladle handler: cn nng ni lt Monorail ladle: xe rt kim loi 1 ray Hand ladle: thng rt khun tay Horizontal casting: c nm ngang Vertical casting: c thng ng Pouring in a conveyer: c theo dy chuyn Foundry conveyer: dy chuyn c Pressure die casting: s c khun di p lc Die-casting machine: my c p lc Cold-chamber die-casting machine: my c p lc c bung ngui Die: khun kim loi Pressure chamber: bung p lc Plunger: cn y Hot-chamber die-casting machine: my c p lc bung nng Centrifugal casting: c ly tm Precision-investment casting, lost-was process: qu trnh c chnh xc, c mu chy Investment mould: khun mu chy Refractory backing material: vt liu chu la Burnt-pattern casting: s c mu chy Knock-out, shake-out: lc khun, ly vt c
Page 37

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Eccentric knock-out grid: li lch tm Grid: li Resilient bumper: m gim va p Inertia-type knock-out grid: li ly vt c kiu qun tnh Unbalanced weight: trng lng khng cn bng Cleaning os casting: lm sch vt c Cleaning machine: my lm sch Turbin shot-blasting machine: my thi kiu tuabin Shot: ht ct Vane wheel: bnh c cnh Rotary table: bn xoay Hydroblast room: bung phun nc Hydraulic gun: sng phun nc Jet: u phun Water: nc Sand-blasting chamber: bung phun ct Electrical-discharge hydroblasting: s phun nc phng in Fettling, chipping: s ct bavia Air chipper: my co bng kh nn Swing-frame grinder: my mi kiu khung lc Portable grinder: my mi cm tay FOUNDRY DEFECTS KHUYT TT VT C

Crack: vt nt, ng nt Hot crack, hot tear: vt nt nng Cold crack: vt nt ngui Draw: r khuyt Shringkage: r co Blowhole: r kh Sand inclusion: r ct Slag blowhole: r x Flash: bavia Rattail: nt do ln ct
Page 38

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Swell, ram-off: vt dp, phng Pin holes, pinhole porosity: l xm kim Metal penetration and sand fusion: xm nhp ct hoc kim loi Chill zone, hard spot: vng bin trng, vng cng Core shift: li t lch

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Page 39

MECHANICAL WORKING GIA CNG P LC


ROLLING S CN Roll: cn Longitudinal rolling: cn dc Cross rolling: cn ngang Cross helical rolling: cn trc t xon Rolling mill: my cn Rolling mill stand: khung my cn Two-high stand: khung hai trc cn Three-high stand: khung 3 trc cn Four-high stand: khung 4 trc cn Primary mill: my cn thi Ingot: thi thp Bloom: thp cn th Slad: tm cn Billet mill: my cn bn thnh phm Billet: bnh thnh phm Section mill: my cn nh hnh Roll-pass: di cn Rolled stock: phi cn Rolled section: phi cn nh hnh Strip: di Band: bng Roll: cun Bar: thanh Square bar: thanh vung Hexagonal bar: thanh lc gic Round bar, rod: thanh trn Shaped section: tit din nh hnh Angle iron: thp gc I-beam: thanh ch I Tec beam, T-beam: thanh ch T
Page 40

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Structural channel: thanh ch U Zee beam: thanh ch Z Tube-rolling mill: my cn ng Drawing machine, drawing mill: my ko si Drawing die: khun ko Wire: si, dy Coil: cun dy Sheet mill: my cn tm Plate: tm dy Sheet: tm mng Cutting-off: s ct t Cut off: ct thnh on Cutting in two: s ct i Cut in two: ct i Shearing: ct bng ko Blade: li ct Cut: dao ct Shear, shearing machine: ko ct, my ct ko Guillotine shear: ko ct dp Alligator shear: ko ct cn Nibbling shear: my ct kiu m Rotary shear: ko quay Disk blade, cutting roll: a ct, bnh ct Straightening: s sa thng FORING RN

Forging: s rn Forge: rn Forged part, forging: vt rn Flat die: khun phng Chopping: s cht Chop: cht Smiths chisel: c th rn
Page 41

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Setting: s chn St: chn Setting ratio: t s chn Upsetting: s chn mt u Upset: chn mt u Fullering: s nn, p Drawing out: s ko dn Draw out: ko dn Local fullering: nn,p khu vc Fuller: to rnh Rolling, edging: un mp Rolling-impression die: khun p ln End rolling: vut mt u Ring rolling: s cn, nong rng Mandrel: trc nong rng Flattening: l phng Piercing: t l Piercing punch: mi t, chy t Slug: mnh kim loi Hole expansion: nong l Bottom spacing ring: vng y Extension piece: chy nong l Joggling: to bc Die forging, die forming: s rn, dp khun Forge in a die, form in a die: rn khun, to hnh trong khun Press tool, die: dng c p, khun rn Upper die, punch: na khun trn Lower die, female die: na khun di Die forging: s rn khun Forging die: khun rn Hot die forging: rn khun nng Self-guiding die: khun t dn hng Guide pin: cht dn hng
Page 42

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Open die: khun h Closed die: khun kn Counterlock: kha khun Power hammer: ba my Single-frame hammer: ba khung n Double-frame hammer: ba my khung kp Arch hammer: ba my khung ch U Ram of hammer: thanh dn hng u ba Anvil: e, b Steam or air hammer: ba my khng kh nn hoc hi nc Single-acting hammer; drop hammer: ba tc dng n Double-acting hammer: ba tc dng kp Valve box: hp van phn phi Trip rod: cn dn ng Counterblow hammer: ba khng c e Pneumatic hammer: ba kh nn Working cylinder: xylanh cng tc Compressor cylinder: xy lanh nn Mechanical hammer: ba c hc Friction hammer: ba ma st Board drop hammer: ba kiu vn g Board: tm vn Lifting roll: con ln nng h Belt lift hammer: ba kiu ai Pressure roll: con ln p Air receiver: bnh cha kh nn Power screw hammer: my ba trc vt Screw: trc vt Driving disk: a dn ng Helve hammer: my ba cn n by Recoil bumper: l xo gim chn Crank disk: a truyn Spring hammer: my ba l xo
Page 43

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Hammer die: khun trn my ba Shank: chui ca khun Die cavity: lng khun Die parting plane: mt phn khun Bolster plate, anvil cap: tm gi khun Fastening gib: chem. Lp ghp Dowel: then Impression: s dp Blocking impression, blocker: s dp khi Finishing impression: dp ln cui Fuller: dp p Forming impression: s dp to hnh Bending impression: dp un Tong hold: cn gi Press: my p Hydraulic press: my p thy lc Stationary cross-rail: b c nh Ram: khung di trt Main cylinder: xylanh chnh Lift cylinder: xylanh nng Pump-and-accumulator station: trm bm Make up valve: van tc ng Make-up tank: bn cng tc Air-cylinder: xy lanh kh Accumulator: bn tr Discharge tank: bn x Forging press: my nn p Closed-die forging press: my nn p khun Mechanical press: my p c hc Crank press: cn nn p Open-frame vertical: crank press: my nn p khung h Ram, punch slide: thanh trt Die set: b khun
Page 44

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Insert: lp khun Wedge strip: ming chem. Clamp: c kp Sizing: kch c chun Coining: s nh c, dp tinh Coining press tool, coining die: dng c, khun dp tinh Extruding: s n p Forward extrusion, direct extrusion: n p xui Container: khung ngoi Backward extrusion: n p ngc Rotary swaging: s dp quay Roll cage: vng ngoi Slide: di trt Roll-forging: rn cn Roll die: khun cn Bulldozer: ba my cng sut ln Horizonral upset forging machine: my ba y ngang Header ram: cn y chnh Heading die: u khun Gripping slide: thanh trt kp cht Stationary gripping die: khun kp cht Movable gripping die: khun kp di ng Side slide: trt di bin

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Page 45

WELDING K THUT HN
Weld: hn Fusion welding: hn nng chy Molten pool: vng chy Pressure welding: hn p lc Base metal: kim loi gc Weldability: tnh hn Weldability test: th nghim tnh hn Welded specimen: mu hn Welding position: v tr hn Bead: ng hn Flat position: v tr phng Vertical position: v tr ng Horizontal position: v tr ngang Overhead position: v tr nga Single-V-edge preparation: chun b mp ch V n Double-V-edge preparation: chun b mp ch V kp Bevel: mp vt Welding defect: khuyt tt hn Undercut: khuyt chn mi hn Slag inclusion: ln x hn Gas pore: bt kh ARC WELDING HN H QUANG - Electric welding: s hn in - Consumable metal eclectrode: in cc kim loi nng chy - Non-consumable carbon electrode: in cc graphit khng nng chy - Arc: h quang - Filler rod, filler metal: thanh, kim loi in y - Electrode: in cc - Bare electrode wire: dy in cc trn
S TAY TING ANH C KH Page 46

Coated electrode: in cc c thuc bc Core wire: thanh li Electrode coating: v thuc bc in cc Lightly-coated electrode: in cc c lp bc mng Arc stabilizing coating, light coating: lp bc nh, mng Heavy-coated electrode: in cc c lp bc dy Heavy coating: lp bc dy Oxide coating: lp bc oxit Rutile coating: lp bc rutin Calcium-fluoride coating: lp bc CaF2 Submerged-arc welding: hn h quang chm Welding flux: cht tr dung hn Slag skin: lp x b mt Gas-shielded arc welding: hn h quang kh bo v Shield gas: kh bo v Power supply: ngun in Single-operator welding set: my hn n Multi-operator welding set: my hn nhiu kp hn Feed bar: dy cung cp in Loading regulator: b iu chnh ti A-c arc welding: hn h quang xoay chiu Welding transformer: bin p hn Reator coil: cun dy cng tc Welding converter: b bin i hn Welding DC generator: my hn in 1 chiu Dropping voltage characteristic: c tnh gim in p khi hn Inducing field winding: cun cm ng Bucking field winding: cun gim in p Self-excited welding generator: my hn t kch thch mc ngang Hand welding: bn bng tay Welding station: trm hn, cm hn Welder: th hn Electroder holder: kp que hn
Page 47

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Hand-held shield: mt n hn Protective clothing: qun o bo v Three-phase current mains: ngun in li Knife switch: cu giao chnh Flexible cable: dy in mm Semi-automatic: hn h quang chim bn t ng Wire feed mechanism: c cu cp dy hn Feed rolls: con ln cp dy Wire reel: cun dy

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Page 48

HEART TREATMENT NHIT LUYN


Heating: s nung nng Heat: nung nng Soaking: gi nhit Cooling: lm ngui Critical point: im nhit ti hn Annealing: s Anneal: Diffusion annealing: khuch tn Full annealing: hon ton Isothermal annealing: ng nhit Stress relieving annealing: khng hon ton; kh ng sut Recrystallization annualizing: kt tinh li Normalizing: s thng ha Hardening: s ti Harden: ti Quenching: lm ngui nhanh Full hardening: ti hon ton Soft hardening: ti khng hon ton Isothermal hardening: ti ng nhit Tempering: s ram Temper: ram High tmpering: ram nhit cao Low tempering: ram thp Hardening with high tempering: ti v ram cao Surface hardening: ti b mt Induction hardening: ti cm ng Induction coil, inductor: cun cm ng Water spray: vi phun nc Flame hardening: ti bng ngn la Ageing: s ha gi Natural ageing: ha gi t nhin
Page 49

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Artificial treatment: ha gi nhn to Sub-zero treatment: gia cng lnh Diffusion heat treatment; chemical heat treatment: ha nhit luyn Carburizing: s thm cc bon Pack carburizing: hp thm cc bon Liquid carburizing: thm C th lng Gas carburzing: thm C th kh Carbonaceous material: hn hp thm C Nitriding: s thm Ni t Cyaniding: s thm xyanua Cyanide: thm xyanua Heat treatment furnace: l nhit luyn Batch furnace: l hot ng theo chu k Box furnace: l kiu hp kn Tank furnace: l thng, l chuyn Pit furnace: l ging Continuous furnace: l lin tc Pusher-type furnace: l kiu y Conveyer furnace: l bng chuyn

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Page 50

MACHINING GIA CNG C KH


Cutting: s ct gt Cutting tool: dng c ct gt Workpiece: chi tit gia cng Machined surface: b mt c gia cng Transient surface: b mt chuyn tip Allowance for machining: dung sai cho php gia cng Chip: phoi Free cutting: ct t do Restrained cutting: ct gii hn Cutting edge: li ct Major cutting edge: li ct chnh Minor cutting edge: li ct ph Nose, corner: u li Face: mt trc Flank: mt sau Cutting conditions: ch ct Primary mation; cutting motion: chuyn ng ct Cutting speed: tc ct Feed motion: chuyn ng n dao Feed: n dao Continuous feed: n dao lin tc Longitudinal feed: n dao dc Cross-feed: n dao ngang Feed per revolution: n dao vng Feed per tooth: n do/rng Intermittent feed: n dao gin on Feed per double stroke: n dao/hnh trnh kp Depth of cut: chiu su ct Undeformed chip thickness: chiu dy phoi khng bin dng Cross-sectional area of uncut chip: tit din ngang ca phoi Tool cutting edge plane: mt phng ct ca dao
Page 51

S TAY TING ANH C KH

Cutting edge orthogonal plane: mt phng cho ca li dao Tool angles: cc gc ca dao ct Tool rake: gc trc Tool clearance: gc sau Wedge angle: gc chem. Angle of cutting: gc ct Tool cutting edge angle: gc li ct Nose angle; corner angle: gc nh Nose radius, corner radius: bn knh nh Cutting edge radius: bn knh li ct Positive rake: gc nghing dng Negative rake: gc nghing m Tool cutting edge inclination: nghing ca li ct Chip contraction: s co phoi Continuous chip: phoi lin tc Discontinuous shearing segment chip: phoi vng khng lin tc Discontinuous breaking segment chip: phoi vng gy Built-up edge: mp cun Coolant: s lm ngui phoi Cutting force: lc ct Axial component of cutting force: thnh phn dc trc ca lc ct Radial component of cutting force: thnh phn hng knh ca lc ct Tool wear: s mn dng c Wear land: vng b mn Wear crater: vng mn khuyt Limit value of wear: gi tr gii hn ca mn Tool life: tui bn dng c Fixture: s kp cht Locating: s nh v Locate: nh v Locating element: thnh phn nh v Three-point locating element: thnh phn nh v 3 im
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S TAY TING ANH C KH

Two- point locating element: thnh phn nh v 2 im Single - point locating element: thnh phn nh v 1 im Fixed support: gi ta c nh Adjustable support: gi ta iu chnh Supporting pin: cht V-block: khi V Diamond pin: cht hnh thoi Clamping: s kp cht Clamp: kp cht Clamping device: dng c g kp Screw clamp: kp bng vt Slotted washer: vng m c rnh Swinging clamp: kp lc Strap clamp: kp kiu vng Spherical washer: vng m cu Eccenatric clamp: kp lch tm Air-operated clamping device: thit b kp cht dng kh nn Metal-cutting machine tool,universal machine: my cng c, my ct kim loi Universal machine tool, universal machine: my cng c vn nng Special machine tool, special machine: my cng c chuyn dng Semi-automatic machine: my cng c bn t ng Hand loading: cp phi bng tay Semi-automatic machining cycle: chu k gia cng bn t ng Hand unloading: ly sn phm bng tay Automatic machine tool, automatic machine: my cng c t ng Automatic loading device: thit b cp phi t ng Automatic cycle control device: thit b kim sot chu k t ng Magazine: ni tr phi Hopper-type loading device: thit v cp phi kiu phu Hopper:phu cp phi Sepatator: b phn chia Chute: mng trt
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Feeder: mng cp phi Transfer line: ng truyn Step-by-step conveyer: bn chuyn kiu bc Transfer bar: thanh truyn Transfer finger: c chn Clamp hook: mc kp Numerical control-NC: kim sot bng chng trnh s Program: chng trnh Tape punch: thit b c l Numerically controlled machine-tool-NC machine-tool: my cng c chng trnh s Machine-tool numerical control unit: n v NC ca my Positioning NC system: h thng NC v tr Step motor: ng c theo bc Feed back sensing head: u ghi hi chuyn Contouring NC system: h thng NC chu vi Machining centre: tm gia cng Toot magazine: ni tr dng c dao ct LATHE WORK TIN

Turning: s tin Turn: tin Single-point tool: dao tin mt li ct Lathe tool: dao tin Tool point, cutting part: phn ct, u ct Tool shank: cn dao Turning tool: dao tin trn Finishing turning tool: dao tin tinh Facing tool: dao tin mt u Straight-shank tool: dao cn thng Left-hand tool: dao tri Right-hand tool: dao phi Bent tool: dao u cong
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Goose-neck tool: dao c ngng Offset tool: dao ct t, dao tin rnh Form tool: dao nh hnh Flat form tool: dao nh hnh Circular form tool: dao nh hnh trn Brazed-tip tool: dao gn li ct bng cch hn Cutting tip: nh ct Chip breaker: khe thot phoi Groove-type chip breaker: thot phoi kiu rnh Step-type chip breaker: thot phoi kiu bc Clamped-tip tool: dao gn li ct bng kp cht Holder: cn dao Throwaway sintered-cabide insert: gn mnh hp kim cng Bed: bng my Headstock: u my Spindle: trc chnh Tailstock: ng Quill:mi chng tm Feed box: hp xe dao Carriage: hp chy dao Saddle: bn trt Apron: tm chn Cross slide: bn trt ngang Compound rest: bn dao phc hp Compound rest slide: gi trt bn dao Tool post: gi kp dao Lead screw: trc vit me Feed shaft: trc chy dao Cariage rapid traverse drive: truyn ng khng ti nhanh Speed selector lever: cn tc Centre-to-centre distance: khong cc t tm n tm Centre hight: chiu cao tm Lathe accessories: ph tng my tin
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Lathe centre: tm my tin Centre hole: l nh tm Rotating centre: tm quay Face plate: mm gi Stop bracket: vu Counterweight: i trng Chuck: mm cp Three-jaw chuck: mm cp 3 chu Jaw: chu kp Four-jaw chuck: mm cp 4 chu Driver plate: mm quay Lathe dog: ci tc Mandrel, arbor: trc g, trc tm Cylindrical mandrel: trc g tr Taper mandrel: trc g cn Expanding mandrel: trc g bung Collet: ng kp Taper-turning attachment: g tin cn Pivol: cht Rest: tc kp Steady rest: tc nh v Follower rest: tc ln theo Multi-tool lathe: my tin nhiu dao Front slide: bn trt trc Rear slide: bn trt sau Hydraulically-operated copying lathe: my tin chp hnh thy lc Tracing slide: trt theo du Template: dng, mu Cross slide: trt ngang Turret lathe: my tin rvonve Headstock: trc Turret slide: bn trc rvonve Turrent: u rvonve
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- Vertical boring and turning machine, vertical boring mill: my khoan doa ng - Upright, column: ct, tr - Rotary table: bn xoay - Crossrail: thanh dn ngang - Vertical toolhead: u g dao cng - Side toolhead: u g dao ngang - Automatic lathe: my tin t ng - Single-spindle automatic lathe: my tin t ng 1 trc chnh - Bar-clamping mechanism: c cu thanh kp - Bar-advancement mechanism: c cu thanh dn tin - Vertical slide: bn trc ng - Rocker: thanh cn bng - Indexing mechanism: c cu chia, c cu phn - Multiple-spindle horizontal automatic machine: my tin t ng nhiu trc nm ngang - Spindle carrier: gi trc - Main tool slide: bn trt dao chnh MACHINING OF HOLES S GIA CNG L Boring: s doa l Bore: doa Boring tool: dng c doa Boring bar: cn dao doa Single-bit boring double cutter: dao doa mt cn li ct kp Expanding block-type boring double cutter: dao doa bung kiu khi li ct kp Boring head: du dao doa Drilling: s khoan l Drill: khoan l Twist drill: mi khoan xon Body: thn mi khoan Cutting point: phn ct ca mi khoan
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Taper shank: chui cn Tang: ui mi khoan Neck: c tht mi khoan Flute: rnh xon, rnh thot phoi Margin: g xon Land: rnh thot phoi Drill grinding, drill sharpening: mi nh hnh mi khoan Flat point: im phng Double-angle point: im gc kp Web thinning: c g mng Carbide-tipped drill: mi khoan gn hp kim cacbit Sintered-carbide tip: u ct hp kim cng cacbit Step drill: mi khoan bc Flat drill: mi khoan phng Trepanning drill: mi khoan t trn Single-flute drill: mi khoan rnh xon Combination centre drill: mi khoan tm Core drill: s khoan li Shank-type core drill: mi khoan kiu c chui Shell-type core drill: mi khoan kiu ng lt Counterboring or countersinking: khoan, xoy mt u Countersink: mi l, xoy mt u Spot-facing: s l ming Spot-face: l ming Spotfacer: mi l ming Reaming: s chut l Ream: chut l Reamer: dao chut Hand reamer: dao chut cm tay Machine reamer: dao chut trn my Expansion reamer: dao chut nong rng Taper reamer: dao chut cn Inserted blade reamer: dao chut c li ct
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Shell reamer: li ct Shell reamer: dao chut th, chut ph Drilling machine: my khoan Vertical drilling machine: my khoan ng Base: my Radial drilling machine: my khoan cn Arm: cn xoay Clamp: b my c nh Drill chuck: b my c nh Drill chuck: u kp mi khoan Quick-change chuck: u kp rt Adapter sleeve: ng ni trt Drill jig: bc dn mi khoan Jig base: gi bc dn Jig bushing: ng lt bc dn Press fit jig bushing: ng lt lp ghp bc dn Head-type jig bushing: ng lt bc dn kiu c g Renewable jig bushing: ng lt bc dn kiu phc hi c Liner bushing: ng lt thng Boring machine: ng lt doa l Horizontal boring machine: my doa nm ngang Precision boring machine: my doa chnh xc Jig-boring machine: my doa c dn hng Saddle: b my Standard-unit-type machine: my c u tiu chun Power head: phn truyn ng Spindle box unit: phn hp trc Base unit: phn thn my PLANING, SHAPING, SLOTTING BO THNG, BO RNH

- Planning or shaping: s bo phng - Plane or shape: bo phng - Planning tool or shaping tool: dao, dng c bo
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- Planer or shaper: my bo - Crossrail: cn xoay ngang MILLING PHAY Milling cutter: dao phay Climb milling, down milling: s phay xui Up milling, conventional milling: s phay ngc Plain milling cutter: dao phay n Helical tooth cutter: dao phay rng xon Left-hand milling cutter: dao phay chiu tri Right-hand milling cutter: dao phay chiu phi Milled tooth: rng phay Form-relieved tooth: rng dn ht lng Inserted-blade milling cutter: dao phay c rng ghp Disk-type milling cutter: dao phay a Three-side milling cutter: dao phay 3 pha End mill: dao phay mt u Key-seat milling cutter: dao phay rng then Single-angle milling cutter: dao phay gc n Double -angle milling cutter: dao phay gc kp Conver half-roud milling cutter: dao phay bn cu li Concave half-round milling cutter: dao phay bn cu lm Face milling cutter: dao phay mt Face milling head: u dao phay mt Slitting saw, circular saw: dao phay ct rnh Segmental circular saw: dao ct vng ghp Segment: vng ghp Milling machine: my phay Knee-type milling machine: my phay kiu cng xn Horizontal knee-type milling machine: my phay nm ngang kiu cng xn - Knee: khp cng xon - Overarm: cn pha trn
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- Arbor support: trc - Spindle nose: np truc chnh - Universal-type horizontal milling machine: my phay vn nng nm ngang - Swiveling table: bn xoay - Ram-type milling machine: my phay kiu tr trt - Stub arbor: trc chnh - Spindle-nose key: cht u trc chnh - Drawbar, draw-in rod: thanh ko - Shaft-type arbor: trc g dao - Spacing collar: vng ngn cch - Bearing sleeve: ng lt - Dividing head, indexing head: u chia, u phn - Index plate: a chia - Index crank: thanh chia - Index pin: cht chia - Sector arm: trc t l - Indexing: chia phn - Direct indexing: phn trc tip - Plain indexing: phn n gin - Differential indexing: phn vi sai - Change gears: cc bnh rng thay th - Planer-type milling machine: my phay dng - Rotary-table milling machine: my phay mm quay - Engraving machine: my phay chp hnh BROACHING S CHUT Pull broaching, broaching: s chut ko Internal broaching: chut l Surpace broaching: s chut b mt Profile-cut broaching: chut theo bin dng Progressive-cut: s chut dn tin Generation-cut broaching: chut theo ng sinh
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Circular broaching: dao chut l Pull end: u ko Cutting section: phn ct Sizing section, finishing section: phn nh c, kch thc Pear pilot: cn sau Pear support: chui sau Keyway broach: dao chut rnh then Push broach: cht y Broaching machine: my chut GRINDING S MI

Grinding wheel: mi Grinding wheel marking: k hiu mi Producing factory: nh my sn xut Wheel shape: dng mi Straight wheel: bnh mi phng Recesssed straight wheel: bnh mi c g ngoi Recess: g mi Disk-type wheel: mi dng a Cylinder wheel: d mi hnh tr Straight cup wheel: mi hnh chu thng Flaring cup wheel: mi hnh chu cn Grain: ht mi Grain size: kch c ht mi Basic mesh fraction: thnh phn ht mi c bn Grinding wheel grade: cp cng ca mi Griding wheel structure: cu trc mi Dense structure: cu trc cht Medium structure: cu trc trung bnh Open structure: cu trc khng cht Bond: lin kt Vitrified bond: lin kt kiu thy tinh ha Resinoid bond: lin kt nha ha
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Rubber bond: lin kt cao su Wheel accuracy degree: chnh xc ca mi Segmental griding wheel: mi kiu vng xc m ng Griding segment: xc mng mi Cylindrical griding: s mi trn ngoi Internal grinding: mi trn trong Surface griding: mi b mt, mi phng Centreless griding: mi v tm Regulating wheel: bnh dn Work rest blade: thanh ta Supporting shoe: guc ta Magnetic chuck: mm t tnh Traverse griding: s mi tnh tin dc Infeed grinding plunge-cut griding: mi tnh tin ngang Cylindrical griding machine: my mi trn ngoi Wheelhead: hp mi Tripping dog: con cc hnh trnh Internal grinding machine: my mi trn trong Workhead: u lm vic Face-grinding spindle: trc chnh my mi mt u Surface-grinding machine: my mi phng THREAD MACHIINE S GIA CNG REN

Thread cutting: s ct ren Single-point threading: dao tin ren Thread-cutting die: khun bn ct ren Thread-cutting head: u ct ren Thread-cutting die head: u khun ct ren Circular chaser: dao lc ren vng Tangent chaser: dao lc ren tip tuyn Radial chaser: dao lc ren trn Thread-milling cutter: dao phay ren Singer-thread milling cutter: dao phay ren n
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Multiple-thread milling cutter: dao phau nhiu ren Planetary thread milling: s phay ren hnh tinh Planetary thread milling head: u phay ren hnh tinh Tap: mi ct ren taro Hand tap: taro tay Machine tap: taro trn my Nut tap: taro ai c Collapsible tap: taro xp m Thread rolling: s cn ren Flat thread-rolling die: khun cn ren phng Cylindrical thread rolling die: khun cn ren tr Thread griding: s mi ren Single-rib griding wheel: bnh mi n Multi-rib griding wheel: bnh mi nhiu ren Thread-griding machine: my mi ren Relieving cam: cam Lead compensator: b chnh b hng GEAR MACHINING S GIA CNG BNH RNG

Gear cutting: s ct rng Form-copying method: phng php chp hnh Generating method: phng php sinh Gear-tooth side milling cutter: dao phay bin rng Gear-tooth end mill: dao phay chn rng Multiple-blade gear-cutting head: u ct rng nhiu li Hob: dao phay phc hnh Flyhob: dao phc hnh n Gear hobbing machine: my phay rng phc hnh Hob slide: bn trt dao Hob swivel head: u xoay dao Work support arm: cn chng Change gear train: truyn ng i rnh

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- Kinematic diagram of the hobbing machine: s ng ca my phc hnh - Kinematic chain: chui truyn ng - Kinematic chain of indexing and generating motion: truyn ng chui theo chuyn ng th cp - Kinematic chain of primary motion: truyn ng chui theo chuyn ng chnh - Kinematic chain of vertical feed: chui truyn ng n dao ng - Index change gears: cc bnh rng thay i t s - Feed change gears: cc bnh rng thay i lng ct - Gear shaping: to dng rng - Gear shaper cutter: dao to hnh rng - Gear rolling: s cn rng - Bevel gear cutting by reciprocating tools: ct rng cn bng cc dao tnh tin - Gear shaving: s c rng - Gear-shaving cutter: dao c rng - Gear-shaving machine: my c rng - Gear griding: s mi bnh rng - Helically profiled grinding wheel: bnh mi bin dng xon - Gear grinding machine: my mi bnh rng FINISHING GIA CNG TINH Lapping compound: cht mi r Solid lap: dao mi r cng Adjustable lap: dao mi r iu chnh c Ring lap: dao mi r kiu vng Lapping machine: my mi r Workholder retainer: mm kp phi Rotating lap: bn r quay Honing: s mi khn, mi doa Honing tool: dng c mi khn Radial feed rod: cn iu khin
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Stone holder: cn gi Abrasive stick, stone: mi Honing machine: my mi khun Superfinishing: s gia cng siu tinh Superfinishing head: u gia cng siu tinh Burnishing: s nh bong, mi bong Roll burnishing: s cn nng Roll burnisher: con ln cn nng Internal roll burnishing: s cn nng mt trong Polishing: s ch, nh bong Polishing machine: my ch bong Buffing wheel: i ch bong

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