BI 2: CC LNH H IU HNH CA MS- DOS

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I. Cc lnh ni tr

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[] [] 1.1. Mt s lnh v h thng . Lnh xem v sa ngy: DATE Current Date is Sat 02-04-2000 Enter ne Date !mm-""-yy# L$% ny %& hai tu' %h(n )*u +h,ng thay -.i ngy gi/ g0 Enter )*u sa ngy hin hnh 1 "2ng m3t th4 sa the5 +hu,n m6u !th7ng -ngy-n8m#. 9:n h;y thay -.i ngy <:i %h5 m7y t=nh v= "> ?@A0BA2004. . Lnh xem v sa gi/: TIME Current time is 4:?2:?C.2?a Enter ne time: L$% ny %& hai <Da %h(n: -)*u +h,ng sa gi/ hin hnh %Ea "2ng m3t th4 g0 Enter - )*u sa gi/ hin hnh th4 sa the5 +hu,n m6u !gi/: Fh$t:giGy.H giGy# 9:n h;y thay -.i gi/ <:i %h5 m7y t=nh thnh 0C gi/ 0C Fh$t. . Lnh thay -.i "Iu nhJ% <nh %Ea DKS:

PROMPT

Lnh thay -.i "Iu -Li <nh -M %& thM hin thN m3t sO th,ng tin hin hnh the5 P riQng %Ea )gR/i s ">ng. Sr5mFt [ChuTi +P tD] US: VhR m>% hin hnh UD: )gy hin hnh UW: DIu X UV: Wi/ hin hnh U: YuOng "2ng V d: CXSZK[SV UV USUW . Lnh xem FhiQn \]n DKS: VER ^EZ 9:n muOn xem hin t:i m4nh -ang gia5 ti*F v_i `a` [S-DKS < FhiQn \]n n5. V d: C:b^EZ cin"5 s de [^ersi5n 4.@0.2222]

. Lnh x57 mn h4nh: CLS CLS Lnh x57 t5n \3 "f <iu trQn mn h4nh -Ra %5n trg vh g&% trQn %ing \Qn tr7i mn h4nh. . ChuyMn -.i . -ja W0 tQn . -ja v "Iu hai %hImk sau -& nhIn V d: l: C:

ENTER.

1.2. Cc lnh v th mc . Lnh xem ni dung th mc. DmZ ["rive:] [Sath] [VQn thR m>%] [Al][AS]nAS][c]o Vr5ng -&: AS : -M xem tpng trang Ac: Vr4nh \y the5 hng ngang Al : xem %7% tqF tin %& thu3% t=nh rn v h thOng AS: Yem %] thR m>% %5n V d: DmZ C:bcm)DKcS AS Ac Lnh trQn ss hiMn thN %7% tFk thR m>% thu3% thR m>% cm)DKcS ntm tr5ng thR m>% gO% . -ja C thnh C hng v "png <:i sau +hi hiMn thN h*t m3t trang mn h4nh. [uOn xem ti*F %hu vi% nhIn m3t Fh=m \It +'. . Lnh chuyn v th mc gc v vo mt th mc no . v ChuyMn tp thR m>% hin th/i vh thR m>% gO% %Ea . -ja hin hnh. CDb v Lnh %huyMn vh %IF thR m>% %a5 hwn m3t \q%. CD.. v ChuyMn v5 m3t thR m>% Lnh ny thay -.i thR m>% hin hnh %xn <m vi% %Ea -ja n5 -& CD ["rive:]b[Fath] ! tQn thR m>% %xn v5# V d: - Vp thR m>% C:b %huyMn v5 thR m>% Dlm`KC !VhR m>% Dlm`KC ntm trQn . -ja C# C:bCD Dlm`KC C:bDlm`KCXy - Vp thR m>% Dlm`KCk %huyMn sang thR m>% 9lmVlS! VhR m>% 9lmVlS ntm trQn . -ja C# C:bDlm`KCXCD 9lmVlS C:bDlm`KCb9lmVlSXy . Lnh xem ngh ! c"! c#u $nh C:bX [VQn <nh] Az V d: Yem P nghja %Ea %Gu <nh CD C:bCD Az . Lnh t%o th mc con&'(): [D ["rive:]b[Fath] ["rive:]b[Fath] : Chu ra -R/ng "6n -*n nwi %xn t:5 thR m>%. ^= ">: C:b[D `KC V:5 VhR m>% `KC VrQn thR m>% gO% %Ea { -ja C V:5 thR m>% `KCDKS < thR m>% %5n %ua thR m>% `KC V:5 thR m>% Dlm`KC trQn . -ja l C:b[D `KCb`KCDKS C:b[D l:bDlm`KC

.Lnh xo* th mc con&+()

Lnh hu| \g !x57# thR m>%: ZD ["rive:]b[Fath] Ch$ P: thR m>% %xn x57 +h,ng Fhi < thR m>% hin hnh v Fhi < thR m>% rTng !EmFty Dire%t5ry# ! t}% < +h,ng %& m3t tF hay m3t thR m>% n5 n8m tr5ng n&#. V d: C:bZD Dlm`KC Y57 thR m>% Dlm`KC! L thR m>% rTng# trQn . -ja C

1.3. Cc lnh lm vic vi tp tin . Lnh sa5 %h~F tqF tin!C !"#$ Lnh ny sa5 %h~F m3t hay m3t nh&m tF tp thR m>% ny sang thR m>% +h7%. C5Fy ["rive@:]b[Fath@]b[i<ename @] ["rive2:]b[Fath2]b[i<ename 2] C5Fy [. -ja]b[-R/ng "6n]b[tQn tF ngun] . -ja ]b[-R/ng "6n -=%h] V d,: Ch~F tF 9lKClK.^)S tp thR m>% l:b9ED v5 thR m>% gO% %Ea . -ja C: v 9lKClK.^)S.

<Iy tQn <

C:bXCKS l:b9EDb9lKClK.^)S V d-: Sa5 %h~F tF V`KC.VYV tp thR m>% gO% . -ja C thnh tF `KCV`KC.VYV 1 thR m>% `KC ntm tr5ng thR m>% gO . -ja l. C:bCKS C:bV`KC.VYV l:b`KCb`KCV`KC.VYV

Lnh cng tp:

C3ng n3i "ung i<e: C5Fy [. -ja][-R/ng "6n][tQn tF @]v[. -ja][-R/ng "6n] [tQn tF 2]v ... [. -ja][-R/ng "6n][tQn tF m_i] Vr5ng %$ Fh7F trQn <nh ss thD% hin nhR sau: Lxn <RLt %3ng n3i "ung %Ea %7% tF: VQn tF @k VQn tF 2k ... thnh m3t tF "uy nhIt %& tQn < VQn tF m_i. Ch$ P: VrR_% tQn tF m_i +h,ng %& "Iu !v#k %2n trR_% tQn tF muOn %,ng Fhi %& "Iu %3ng. V d: C:bCKS CD@.VYVvCD2.VYVvCD?.VYV C:b[DKC@bCD.VYV

Lnh to tp tin(COPY CON):

V:5 ra i<e -M <Ru trf n3i "ung %Ea m3t vIn -h n5 -&. C:bCKS CK) ["rive:]b[Fath]b[i<e name] .... )hqF n3i "ung %Ea tF @ i<e!s# is %5Fie" C:by !)*u nhR tF -RL% t:5 th4 sau +hi nhIn ss %& th,ng \75: @ i<e!s# is %5Fie" trQn mn h4nhk n*u nhR tF +h,ng -RL% t:5 v4 m3t <P "5 n5 -& th4 "2ng th,ng \75 ss < 0 i<e!s# is %5Fie"# V d: C:bXCKS CK) 9lmV`K.VYV V:5 tF 9lmV`K.VYV trQn . -ja C . Lnh xem n3i "ung tqF tin !VSE#: Lnh "ing -M xem !hiMn thN# n3i "ung m3t tF tin trQn mn h4nh. VSE aR/ng "6nXbVS "ung n3i xem muOn tinX Sau +hi nhqF -$ng -R/ng "6n v tqF tin th4 n3i "ung ss -RL% hiMn thN trQn mn h4nh. )*u nhR tr5ng %$ Fh7F trQn +h,ng -$ng h5% sai tQn tF tink -R/ng "6n th4 ss %& "2ng th,ng \75 <Ti hiMn thN v= "> nhR: - 9a" %5mman" 5r i<ename - mnva<i" "rive SFe%ii%ati5n - Sath n5t 5un" - ... - Zeuirent Farameter missing V d: C:bXVSE 9lmV`K.VYV Ding -M xem n3i "ung tqF tin 9lmV`K.VYV VrQn { aja C. . a.i tQn tF tin!ZE)#: Vhay -.i tQn i<e %2n n3i "ung th4 gif nguyQn. ZE) [":][Fath][i<e)ame]

V d: C:bZE) ^l)9l)bV`^mE).DKC b^l)9l)b`KSDK)W.VYV a.i tQn i<e V`^mE).DKC thnh i<e `KSDK)W.VYV ntm tr5ng %ing m3t thR m>%.

. Y57 n3i "ung tqF tin!DEL#: DEL [. -ja][-R/ng "6n][tQn tF %xn x57] ^D: C:bDEL C:b^l)9l)b`KSDK)W.VYV Y57 tQn i<e `KSDK)W.VYV tr5ng thR m>% ^l)9l) 1 . -ja C: II. %nh ng&'i tr L nhfng <nh thi hnh %h}% n8ng n5 -& %Ea `a` nhRng =t -RL% s ">ng v - tOn \3 nh_ %Ea m7y ngR/i ta <Ru trf n& trQn -ja "R_i ":ng %7% tqF tin %& Fhxn m1 r3ng <: CK[ h5% EYE [":] [Fath] [] [V %h(nX] [":] [Fath]: . -ja -R/ng "6n -*n tQn <nh : < tQn %h=nh %Ea tQn tF tin %hRwng tr4nh

Lnh /Cnh 3Dn" /E' FGOHMAIJ

V:5 ":ng %h5 -ja mhm hay -ja %}ng ... [":] [Fath] 5rmat ["@] [Atham sO] [":][Sath]: . -ja -R/ng "6n -*n tQn <nh [":]: VQn . -ja %xn -Nnh ":ng Vham sO: As: V:5 -ja h thOng. Au: 5rmat m sau -& +h,ng thM s ">ng <nh )KZ[lV -M <Iy <:i "f <iu. A: -Nnh ":ng nhanh V d: aNnh ":ng -ja mhm tr5ng . -ja l the5 -$ng "ung <RLng %Ea . -ja v sa5 %h~F %7% tF %xn thi*t -M +h1i -3ng m7y v5 -ja. Cb:KZ[lV l: AS Lnh sa5 %h~F %7% tqF tin h thOng: V7% ">ng: %h5 Fh~F %h~F %7% tqF tin h thOng. [":][Sath]sys ["@:] V d: C:bsys l: Lnh Fh>% hi -ja!)DELEVE# Sh>% hi -ja \N x57 \1i <nh -Nnh ":ng -ja KZ[lV [":][Sath] )DELEVE ["@][Fath@][i<e )ame] Lnh +iMm tra -ja!C`DS#: iMm tra -ja v th,ng \75 t4nh tr:ng -ja. C`DS[A] Vham sO A ss hiMn thN sO Se%t5r \N hgng +hi +*t th$% u7 tr4nh +iMm tra. V d: C`DS C: Lnh SCl)DmS : Lnh ny "ing -M +iMm tra %Iu tr$% tF %Ea -ja v sau -& ti*n hnh +iMm tra %7% <Ti vqt <P trQn \h mt -ja. SCl)DmS tQn . -ja V d: SCl)DmS l: VF <nh \&:

Lnh \& thD% %hIt < m3t tF tr5ng -& <it +Q th} tD thD% hin %7% <nh -RL% <it +Q tr5ng tF. Vr5ng sO %7% tF <nh \&k uan tr(ng nhIt \a5 gm hai tF sau: VF lVKEYEC.9lV VF <nh lut5exe%.\at < m3t tF <nh -% \it ntm 1 thR m>% gO% . -ja +h1i -3ng. hi +h1i -3ng h -ihu hnhk %7% <nh tr5ng tF lut5exe%.\at ss thD% hin the5 tuxn tD. V d: EC`K - Lnh hiMn thN m3t "2ng trJng trQn mn h4nh S[lZVDZ^.EYE - W(i tF t:5 ving -m %h5 -ja [SCDEY AD:[SCD00@ A^ - W(i tF +h1i t:5 %hRwng tr4nh -ihu +hiMn . CD trQn DKS. SEV 9LlSVEZl220 mC D0 S?00 - Lnh -t -R/ng -ihu +hiMn Gm thanh trQn DKS ra <5a. SEV SlV`HSlV`HC:bSZKWZl@bCK[[K)@blVKDE@ - Lnh thi*t -t -R/ng "6n m% -Nnh +hi t4m tF. VF CK)mW.SS VF <nh CK)mW.SS < tF -RL% g(i %h:y -xu tiQn %Ea h -ihu hnh +hi +h1i -3ng m7y. Sau +hi nhqn -RL% <nh +h1i -3ng m7y tp ZK[-9mKSk h -ihu hnh ss <xn <RLt g(i %h:y %7% tF CK[[l)D.CK[k [S-DKS.SSk mK.SS. Sau +hi u7 tr4nh trQn +*t th$%k h -ihu hnh ss t4m +i*m trQn thR m>% gO% . -ja +h1i -3ng xem %& tF CK)mW.SS hay +h,ngk n*u %& n& ss tuxn tD thD% hin %7% <nh tr5ng tF -&k n*u %&A+h,ng th4 sau -& v6n ti*F t>% +iMm tra xem %& tF lVKEYEC.9lV hay +h,ngk n*u %& th4 %ng tuxn tD thD% hin %7% <nh %& tr5ng tF nyk n*u %&A+h,ng th4 +*t th$% u7 tr4nh +h1i -3ng v tr] <:i uyhn -ihu +hiMn %h5 ngR/i s ">ng. V d: )3i "ung %Ea m3t tF CK)mW.SS DE^mCEC:bcm)DKcSb`m[E[.SS - ):F %hRwng tr4nh +h1i t:5 v -ihu +hiMn \3 nh_ m1 r3ng DE^mCEC:bCDSZKb^mDE-CDD.SS AD:[SCD00@ ):F %hRwng tr4nh +h1i t:5 v -ihu +hiMn . CD mLESd0 - uy -Nnh sO tF -RL% m1 -ng th/i tOi -a 9EZS40 - uy -Nnh sO \3 nh_ -m %h5 mTi <xn m1 tF 3.1. (hi nim )I*+, ^mZS tin h(% < m3t %hRwng tr4nh m7y t=nh "5 %5n ngR/i t:5 ra nhtm thD% hin P - n5 -&. C7% %hRwng tr4nh ny %& -% -iMm: - =%h thR_% nhg. - C& +h] n8ng <Gy <ank t}% < tD sa5 %h~F %h=nh n& <Qn %7% thi*t \N <Ru trf "f <iu nhR -ja %}ngk -ja mhmk \tng tp ... - `5:t -3ng ngxm: hxu nhR ngR/i s ">ng +h,ng thM nhqn \i*t -RL% sD thD% hin %Ea m3t %hRwng tr4nh ^mZS v4 +=%h thR_% %Ea n& nhgk th/i gian thD% hin nhanh v ngR/i vi*t ^mZS <u,n t4m %7%h %he "Iu sD hin "in %Ea n&. ^mZS ntm thR/ng tr$ 1 \3 nh_ tr5ng -M ti*n hnh <Gy <an v Fh7 h5:i. `xu h*t %7% ^mZS -hu thD% hin %,ng vi% Fh7 h5:i nhR ghi - <Qn %7% tF "f <iuk Fh7 hgng \]ng lVk +hOng %h* \n Fh=mk sa -.i %Iu h4nh h thOngk %hi*m ving nh_ tr5ng. Vu' the5 nguyQn tJ% h5:t -3ngk %& thM %hia ^mZS thnh hai <5:i: - 955t ^mZS < %7% <5:i nhim v5 [aster 955t v 955t Se%t5r. )hfng virus ny %& thM <m m7y t=nh +h,ng +h1i -3ng -RL%k <m mIt h*t "f <iu trQn -ja %fngk thqm %h= +h,ng +h1i t:5 -RL% -ja %}ng. -i<e virus < <5:i nhim v5 %7% tF %hRwng tr4nh %& -u,i EYE v CK[. ^mZS ny <m %7% %hRwng tr4nh %h:y sai h5% +h,ng %h:y. ^mZS thR/ng nOi thGn %Ea m4nh v5 -xu h5% %uOi tF %hRwng tr4nhk nhR vqy +=%h thR_% tF t8ng +hi nhim. - )*u m3t -ja mhm %& ^mZS ta %h5 -ja ny v5 m7y %& . %}ng s:%h th4 . %}ng %Ea m7y ny ss \N nhim ^mZS. )*u m3t m7y t=nh %& . %}ng -; \N nhim ^mZSk ta %h5 m3t -ja mhm s:%h v5 . l v %h:y nhRng +h,ng -&ng n$t %hOng ghi <:i th4 -ja mhm ss \N nhim ^mZSk tp -ja mhm ny +hi ta mang -ja mhm sang %7% m7y +h7% -M %h:y th4 ^mZS ss <an sang m7y +h7%. 3.2. -g./0n t1c ph2ng ng34 )I*+,. ^4 vqt trung gian -M <Gy ^mZS < -ja mhmk Fh2ng ^mZS ta Fh]i rIt h:n %h* "ing m3t -ja mhm <:. )*u \Jt \u3% Fh]i "ing th4 ta +iMm tra ^mZS -ja mhm <: \tng %7% %hRwng tr4nh %hOng ^mZS trR_% +hi s ">ng. S5ng -ihu -& +h,ng thM h5n t5n tin tR1ng v4 %7% %hRwng tr4nh %hOng ^mZS %hu %& +h] n8ng Fh7t hin v "it nhfng ^mZS m %h$ng -; \i*t. C7% ^mZS m_i +h,ng Fh7t hin -RL%. C7% %hRwng tr4nh %hOng ^mZS %Ea nR_% ng5i +h,ng thM Fh7t hin %7% ^mZS s]n xuIt tr5ng nR_%. Cxn +*t hLF nhihu %hRwng tr4nh %hOng ^mZS v <u,n %qF nhqt %hRwng tr4nh m_i nhIt. hi mang -ja mhm %Ea m4nh -i %h:y 1 %7% nwi +h7% %& . %}ng th4 Fh]i \qt <6y %hOng ghi -M tr7nh ^mZS xGm nhqF v5 -ja. `*t s}% <Ru P +hi ghi th,ng tin tp m7y +h7% v5 -ja %Ea m4nh. )*u trQn m7y %& nhihu ngR/i s ">ng th4 trR_% +hi <m vi% ta nQn s ">ng %7% %hRwng tr4nh %hOng ^mZS -M +iMm tra ^mZS trQn -ja %}ng. aM Fh2ng %hOng nQn %& m3t h thOng s:%h !+h,ng %& virus# -M +h1i -3ng m7y tp . lk -ja ny ng5i %7% tF %xn thi*t -M +h1i -3ng m7y %2n %xn %& %7% tF %Ea DKS nhR: 5rmat.%5mk "is+.exek un5rmat.%5mk n"e<ete.%5mk S%an"is+.exe. ang th/i ta Fh]i %& %7% -ja mhm %h}a %7% %hRwng tr4nh %hOng virus v_i %7% FhiQn \]n m_i nhIt \3 SCl)k SZKVk lV^k 9l^kD2 %7% %hRwng tr4nh ny %ng Fh]i <Iy tp ngun -7ng tin %qyk %7% -ja mhm <u,n -RL% "7n nh;n \]5 v.

3.3. Mt s tri. ch5ng 6hi m/ nhi7m vir.s - [3t sO tF %& -u,i CK[ v EYE tD nhiQn \N t8ng thQm sO \ytek +hi -& ta nghj m7y nhim -virus. aM \i*t -ihu -& ta nh/ +=%h thR_% %Ea m3t sO tF uan tr(ng: %5mman".%5m C44C \yte !%Ea DKS.22#k 5xFr5.exe 4@@0?2 \yte !5rFr5 2.# - VF %hRwng tr4nh -u,i CK[ h5% EYE +h,ng %h:y h5% sai. - [7y +h,ng +h1i -3ng -RL% tp -ja %}ng h5% +h,ng nhqn \i*t -RL% . %}ng +hi +h1i -3ng m7y tp . -ja mhmk +hi -& ta nghi m7y \N nhim 9-virus. - [7y %h:y \N tre5. VIt nhiQn %7% triu %h}ng trQn %2n %& thM < "5 <Ti Fhxn %}ng. 3.8. Cch 9: l; 6hi m/ <= nhi7m vir.s. hi m7y \N nhim ^mZS %h$ng ta ti*n hnh %7% \R_% sau: @. VJt h5n t5n m7y t=nh -M <5:i virus ra +hgi \3 nh_ tr5ng. h1i -3ng <:i m7y \tng -ja mhm h thOng tp . l. 2. Sau +hi thD% hin x5ng \R_% m3t m7y nhqn \i*t -RL% . C th4 thD% hin \R_% ?. )*u m7y +h,ng nhqn -RL% . C th4 thD% hin \R_% 4: ?. Ch:y %7% %hRwng tr4nh +iMm tra v "it virus. Sau +hi +*t th$% u7 tr4nh trQn th4 +h1i -3ng <:i m7y tp . %}ng v <m vi% \4nh thR/ng. 4. Ch:y %hRwng tr4nh +iMm tra v sa -ja n*u nhR %xn gif <:i th,ng tin trQn -ja %}ng !)DD.EYE#. Sau +hi sa5 <Ru "f <iu nQn <m the5 %7% \R_% sau: a. Ch:y DmS.EYE -M +h1i t:5 <:i \]ng Sartiti5n !lV# %h5 . %}ng. \. Ch:y KZ[lV.CK[ C: AS -M -Nnh ":ng <:i . -ja. %. Ci <:i h -ihu hnh v }ng ">ng %xn thi*t. ". Sa5 "f <iu <:i . -ja v <m vi% \4nh thR/ng. )*u nhR trQn . -ja +h,ng %xn sa5 <Ru "f <iu <:i th4 %& thM %h:y ngay DmS.EYE m +h,ng %xn %h:y ua )DD.EYE.