moi nguoi oi bai tap ve dong dien xoay chieu nek .

tuy hoi kho mot ti nhung co gang

lam nha co loi giai chinh xac moi nguoi chi nen tham khao khi lam ra ket qua thui nha
moi nguoi.co len Cu 1. Xet mt mach in gm mt ng c in ghep ni tip vi
mt tu in. t vao hai u mach mt in ap xoay chiu co gia tri hiu dung U=
100V thi mach co h s cng sut la 0,9. Luc nay ng c hoat ng binh thng vi
hiu sut 80% va h s cng sut 0,75. Bit in tr trong cua ng c la 10. in
ap hiu dung hai u ng c va cng dong in hiu dung qua ng c ln lt:
A. 120V, 6A B. 125V, 6A C. 120V, 1,8A D. 125V, 1,8A
Cng thc p dng:
ng c coi nh mt cun dy c in tr trong r = 10
i vi c mch:
U = 100V , cos = 0,9 m
i vi ng c: Phao ph = r.I2
Pton phn = UdIcos
H = => Pc ch = 0,8Pton phn
M Pton phn =Phao ph + Pc ch => Pton phn =Phao ph + 0,8Pton phn =>
Phao ph = 0,2Pton phn
=> r.I2 = 0,2.UdIcos =>r.I2 = 0,2.Ud.I.0,75=>I = 0,015Ud (1)
M Thay vo (1) => I = 0,015.120 = 1,8A
Cu 2: Mt my bin th li i xng gm ba nhnh c tit din bng nhau, hai
nhnh c cun hai cun dy. Khi mc mt hiu in th xoay chiu vo mt cun
th cc ng sc do n sinh ra khng b thot ra ngoi v c chia u cho hai
nhnh cn li. Khi mc cun 1 vo mt hiu in th xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng
l 240V th cun 2 h c hiu in th U2. Hi khi mc vo cun 2 mt hiu in
th U2 th cun 1 h c hiu in th bao nhiu? Bit rng in tr ca cc
cun dy khng ng k.
A. 60V B. 30V C. 40V D. 120V
Gii:
Gi N1 v N2 l s vng dy
ca cun 1 v cun 2
l bin thin t thng qua mi vng
dy cun s cp
l bin thin t thng qua mi vng
dy cun th cp
Khi cun 1 l cun s cp: e1 = N1 v e2 = N2
-----> (1)
Khi cun 2 l cun s cp: = N2 v = N1
-----> (2)
nhn 2 v (1) v (2) Ta c U1 = U1/4 = 60V. Chn p n A
Cu3: Mch in xoay chiu R, L, C mc ni tip. in p hai u on mch l .
Ch c thay i c. iu chnh thy khi gi tr ca n l hoc ( < ) th dng in
hiu dng u nh hn cng hiu dng cc i n ln (n > 1). Biu thc tnh R l
A. R = B. R = C. R = D. R =
Gii: I1 = I2 =Imax/n ------> Z1 = Z2 -----> 1 L - = - 2 L +
-------> 2 L-= m I1 = Imax/n
------> = --------->n2R2 = R2 +( 1 L - )2 = R2 + ( 1 L -2 L )2
------> (n2 1)R2 = ( 1 -2 )2L2 -------> R = . Chn p n B
Cu 4 : Mch in xoay chiu khng phn nhnh gm in tr thun R, cun cm
thun c cm khng v t in c dung khng . Vo mt thi im khi hiu in th

trn in tr v trn t in c gi tr tc thi tng ng l 40V v 30V th hiu in

th gia hai u mch in l:
A. 55V* B. 85V C. 50V D. 25V
Giai
vi uL va uC ngc pha va Zc=2ZL nn UC= 30V => UL= -15V
Vy u= uR+uL+ uc = 40 15 + 30 = 55V
Cu5: Mc vo on mch RLC khng phn nhnh gm mt ngun in xoay chiu
c tn s thay i c. tn s , h s cng sut t cc i . tn s , h s cng
sut nhn gi tr . tn s , h s cng sut ca mch bng
A. 0,874* B. 0,486 C. 0,625 D. 0,781
Giai
Vi f1=60Hz cos1=1 => ZL1=ZC1
Vi f2 = 2.f1
= 0,5ZL1
Vi f3 = 1,5f1
ZL3=1,5ZL1 ; ZC3=
(2)
Thay (1) vao (2) ta c
Cu 6. t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 60V vo hai u on mch R, L, C
mc ni tip th cng dng in qua on mch l (A). Nu ngt b t in C th
cng dng in qua on mch l (A). in p hai u on mch l
A. (V). B. (V)
C. (V). D. (V).
Hng dn gii
V cng I0 nn Z1 = Z2 => (ZL- ZC)2 = ZL2 => ZC= 2ZL
V cos1= cos2 => 1 = - 2 (*) ; (1< 0 ; 2 >0 )
th 1 v 2 vo (*) ta c :
Vy chn D
Cu 7. in p gia 2 cc ca my pht in cn tng ln bao nhiu ln cng sut
hao ph gim 100 ln vi iu kin cng sut truyn n ti tiu thu khng i v khi
cha tng thi gim in p trn ng dy bng 15% in gia hai cc my pht.
Coi cng dng in lun cng pha vi in p.
A. 10 ln B. 8,515 ln. C. 10,515 ln. D. p n khc
Bi gii: Gi P l cng sut ni tiu thu, R in tr ng dy
Cng sut hao ph khi cha tng in p
P1 = Vi P1 = P + P1 ; P1 = I1.U1
P2 = Vi P2 = P + P2 .
gim in p trn ng dy khi cha tng in p
U = I1R = 0,15U1 ---- R =
P1 = P + P1
P2 = P + P2 = P + 0,01P1 = P + P1 - 0,99P1 = P1 0,99P1
Mt khc P1 = 0,15P1 v
P1 =
Do :
Vy U2 = 8,515 U1
Cu 8: Cho mch in xoay chiu AB gm on mch AM ni tip vi on mch MB.
on mch AM gm in tr thun R1 ni tip vi cun thun cm c t cm L,
on mch MB gm in tr thun R2 ni tip vi t in c in dung C (R1 = R2 =
100 ). t vo hai u on mch AB in p u = 100 cost(V). Khi mc ampe k c
in tr khng ng k vo hai u on mch MB th ampe k ch /2 (A). Khi mc

vo hai u on mch MB mt vn k in tr rt ln th h s cng sut ca mch

t gi tr cc i. S ch ca vn k l
A. 100 V. B.50 V. C. 100 V. D. 50 V
Gii
+ khi mc ampe k: hai u M, B b ni tt, ta c mch AB (R1 nt L)
+khi mc vn k , h s cng sut cc i suy ra mch cng hng, ta c ZC =
ZL=100, khi tng tr l Z = 2R1= 200; cng dng in: I =UAB/Z = 0,5 A
S ch vn k: UV = UMB = p n B
Cu 9: Mt ngi nh cun mt bin th t hiu in th U1 = 110V ln 220V vi li
khng phn nhnh, khng mt mt nng lng v cc cun dy c in tr rt nh ,
vi s vng cc cun ng vi 1,2 vng/Vn. Ngi cun ng hon ton cun th
cp nhng li cun ngc chiu nhng vng cui ca cun s cp. Khi th my vi
ngun th cp o c U2 = 264 V so vi cun s cp ng yu cu thit k, in p
ngun l U1 = 110V. S vng cun sai l:
A 20 B 10 C 22 D 11
Gii:
Gi s vng cc cun dy ca MBA teo ng yu cu l N1 v N2
Ta c N2 = 2N1 (1) Vi N1 = 110 x1,2 = 132 vng
Gi n l s vng dy b cun ngc. Khi ta c
(2)
Thay N1 = 132 vng ta tm c n = 11 vng. Chn p n D
Ch : Khi cun s cp b cun ngc n vng th sut in ng cm n xut hin
cc cun s cp v th cp ln lt l
e1 = (N1-n)e0 ne0 = (N1 2n) e0 vi e0 sut in ng cm ng xut hin mi
vng dy.
e2 = N2e0
Do
Cu 10: Cho mch in xoay chiu gm R,L,C mc ni tip. Tn s ca hiu in th
thay i c. Khi tn s l f1 v 4f1 cng sut trong mch nh nhau v bng 80%
cng sut cc i m mch c th t c. Khi f=3.f1 th h s cng sut l:
A. 0,8 B. 0,53 C. 0,6 D. 0,47
Gii:
= vi f1 v f2 ta c cos2 = 0,8
. Tc khi f1 = f th ZC = 4ZL v khi
cos2 = 0,8 = ZC = 2R/3
Khi f3 = 3f th Z3L = 3ZL = R/2 Z3C = ZC/3 = 2R/9
Vy cos = 0,9635
Cu 11 .Cho mch in RLC, cun cm c in tr thun r . in p t vo hai u
on mch c dng u=125 cos100t, thay i c. on mch AM gm R v C, on
mch MB cha cun dy. Bit uAM vung pha vi uMB v r = R. Vi hai gi tr ca tn
s gc l 1= 100 v 2= 56,25 th mch c cng h s cng sut. Hy xc nh h s
cng sut ca on mch.
A. 0,96 B. 0,85 C. 0,91 D. 0,82
Gii: cos1 = = cos2 = -----> Z1 = Z2 -----> 1L - = - 2L
----> (1+2 )L = ( -----> LC = hay ZC1 = ZL2. (1)
tanAM = ; tanMB = uAM vung pha vi uMB v r = R------>
ZL1ZC1 = R2 -----> ZL1.ZL2 = R2 ------->L =
cos1 = = = =
cos1 = = = 0,96. Chn p n A
Cu 12: Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip, cun dy thun cm. Bit L =
CR2. t vo 2 u on mch in p xoay chiu n nh, mch c cng h s cng
sut vi hai gi tr ca tn s rad/s v rad/s. H s cng sut l

A. B. C. D.
Gii: H s cng sut vi hai gi tr ca tn s rad/s v rad/s bng nhau, nn Z1 = Z2
hay:
Do 1 2 nn hay ZL1 = ZC2.
Chc l p n D
Cu 13: t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U = 30 V vo hai u on mch
RLC ni tip. Bit cun dy thun cm, c cm L thay i c. Khi in p hiu
dng hai u cun dy t cc i th hiu in th hiu dng hai u t in l 30V.
Gi tr hiu in th hiu dng cc i hai u cun dy l:
A. 60V B. 120V C. 30 V D. 60 V
Gii: Khi L thay i ULmax khi ZL = (1)v ULmax =
Ta c: (2)
Th (1) vo (2) ta c pt
Do ULmax = V. Chn p n A
Bi 14. t mt in p u = U0 cos ( U0 khng i, thay i c) vo 2 u on
mch gm R, L, C mc ni tip tha mn iu kin CR2 < 2L. Gi V1,V2, V3 ln lt
l cc vn k mc vo 2 u R, L, C. Khi tng dn tn s th thy trn mi vn k u
c 1 gi tr cc i, th t ln lt cc vn k ch gi tr cc i khi tng dn tn s l
A. V1, V2, V3. B. V3, V2, V1. C. V3, V1, V2. D. V1, V3,V2.
Gii:
Tm lai ta c 32 = < 12 = < 22 =
Theo th t V3, V1 , V2 Chn p n C
Cu 15: Mt my pht in xoay chiu c in tr trong khng ng k. Mch ngoi
l cun cm thun ni tip vi ampe k nhit c in tr nh. Khi rto quay vi tc
gc th ampe k ch . Khi tng tc quay ca rto ln gp i th ampe k ch:
A. 0,1 A. B. 0,05 A. C. 0,2 A. D. 0,4 A.
Gii: Sut in ng xut hin trong my E =
Cng hiu dng dng in qua cun dy: I =
I khng ph thuc tc gc nn I = 0,1 A. Chn p n A
Cu 16. Trong mt gi thc hnh mt hc sinh mun mt qut in loi 180 V - 120W
hot ng bnh thng di in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 220 V, nn mc
ni tip vi qut mt bin tr. Ban u hc sinh bin tr c gi tr 70 th o
thy cng dng in hiu dng trong mch l 0,75A v cng sut ca qut in
t 92,8%. Mun qut hot ng bnh thng th phi iu chnh bin tr nh th
no?
A. gim i 20 B. tng thm 12 C. gim i 12 D. tng thm 20
Gii :
Gi R0 , ZL , ZC l in tr thun, cm khng v dung khng ca qut in.
Cng su nh mc ca qut P = 120W ; dng in nh mc ca qut I. Gi R2 l gi
tr ca bin tr khi qut hot ng bnh thng khi in p U = 220V
Khi bin tr c gi tri R1 = 70 th I1 = 0,75A, P1 = 0,928P = 111,36W
P1 = I12R0 (1) ------> R0 = P1/I12 198 (2)
I1 =
Suy ra
(ZL ZC )2 = (220/0,75)2 2682 ------> ZL ZC 119 (3)
Ta c P = I2R0 (4)
Vi I = (5)
P = --------> R0 + R2 256 ------> R2 58
R2 < R1 ----> R = R2 R1 = - 12

Phi gim 12. Chn p n C

Cu 17: Mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha c in tr khng ng k, c mc
vi mch ngoi l mt on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, t in C v
cun cm thun L. Khi tc quay ca roto l n1 v n2 th cng dng in hiu
dng trong mch c cng gi tr. Khi tc quay l n0 th cng dng in hiu
dng trong mch t cc i. Mi lin h gia n1, n2 v n0 l
A. B. C. D.
Gii: Sut in ng ca ngun in: E = N0 = 2fN0 = U ( do r = 0)
Vi f = np n tc quay ca roto, p s cp cc t
hay ------> Chn p n B
Cu 18. Hai chic bn i 220V-1100W c mc vo hai pha ca li in ba pha 4
dy, c UP
= 220V. Mt ni cm in 220V-550W c mc vo pha th 3 ca li in ny, th
c
3 dng c u hot ng bnh thng (ng nh mc). Khi dng in chy trong
dy trung ha c gi tr bng
A. 2.5A B. 4.17A C. 12,5A D. 7.5A
Gii: Gi dng in qua hai bn i l I1 = I2 = 5A; qua bng n I3 = 2,5A
Dng in qua dy trung tnh i = i1 + i2 + i3
Dng phng php cng vc t ta c
I = I1 + I2 + I3
Gc gia i1, i2., i3 l 2 /3
t lin tip cc vc t
cng dng in
nh hnh v, ta c
tam gic u
Theo hnh v ta c I = I3 = 2,5A
Chn p n A: 2,5A
Cu 18 .Cho ba linh kin: in tr thun R = 60 , cun cm thun L v t in C. Ln
lt t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U vo hai u on mch ni tip RL
hoc RC th biu thc cng dng in trong mch ln lt l v . Nu t in p
trn vo hai u on mch RLC ni tip th dng in trong mch c biu thc:
A. B.
C. D.
Gii: Ta thy cng hiu dng trong on mch RL v RC bng nhau suy ra ZL =
ZC lch pha 1 gia u v i1 v 2 gia u v i2 i nhau. tan1= - tan2
Gi s in p t vo cc on mch c dng: u = U cos(100t + ) (V).
Khi 1 = (- /12) = + /12 ; 2 = 7/12
tan1 = tan( + /12) = - tan2 = - tan( 7/12)
tan( + /12) + tan( 7/12) = 0 --- sin( + /12 + 7/12) = 0
Suy ra = /4 - tan1 = tan( + /12) = tan(/4 + /12) = tan /3 = ZL/R
-- ZL = R
U = I1 (V)
Mch RLC c ZL = ZC trong mch c s cng hng I = U/R = 120/60 = 2 (A) v i
cng pha vi u = U cos(100t + /4) .
Vy i = 2 cos(100t + /4) (A). Chn p n C

Cu 19. Ngi ta truyn ti dng in xoay chiu t tram pht in cch ni tiu thu
10km bng dy dn kim loi c in tr sut = 2,5.10-8 m, tit din 0,4cm2. H s
cng sut ca mch in 0,9. in p v cng sut trm l 10kV v 500kw. Hiu
sut ca ca qu trnh truyn ti in l: C 92,28%. D. 99,14%.
Gii: Gi P l cng sut hao ph trn ng dy.
Hiu sut H =
P = P2 ----->
H = 1-0,0772 = 0,9228 = 92,28%. Chn p n C
Nu ly chiu di dy dn l 10km s c kt qu D, ng dy ti in cn hai dy
dn.
Cu 20. Mt my pht in gm n t my c cng cng sut P. in sx ra c
truyn n ni tiu th vi hiu sut H.. Hi nu khi ch cn mt t my th hiu sut
H bng bao nhiu, (tnh theo n v H)
Gii:
Hiu sut: H = -------> (1)
P = n2 P2 (2)
H = ----> (3)
P = P2 (4)
T (1) v (3) ta c: (5)
T (2) v (4) ta c: (6)
T (5) v (6) ta c
p s:
Cu 21. in p gia 2 cc ca my pht in cn tng ln bao nhiu ln cng
sut hao ph gim 100 ln vi iu kin cng sut truyn n ti tiu thu khng i
v khi cha tng thi gim in p trn ng dy bng 15% in gia hai cc my
pht. Coi cng dng in lun cng pha vi in p.
A. 10 ln B. 8,515 ln. C. 10,515 ln. D. p n khc
Bi gii: Gi P l cng sut ni tiu thu, R in tr ng dy
Cng sut hao ph khi cha tng in p
P1 = Vi P1 = P + P1 ; P1 = I1.U1
P2 = Vi P2 = P + P2 .
gim in p trn ng dy khi cha tng in p
U = I1R = 0,15U1 ---- R =
P1 = P + P1
P2 = P + P2 = P + 0,01P1 = P + P1 - 0,99P1 = P1 0,99P1
Mt khc P1 = 0,15P1 v
P1 =
Do :
Vy U2 = 8,515 U1 Chn p n B
Cu 22.on mch xoay chiu AB gm in tr R ni tip cun dy thun cm c L
thay i c, in p hai u cun cm c o bng mt vn k c in tr rt ln.
Khi L = L1 th vn k ch V1, lch pha gia in p hai u on mch vi dng
in l 1, cng sut ca mch l P1. Khi L = L2 th vn k ch V2, lch pha gia
in p hai u on mch v dng in l 2, cng sut ca mch l P2. Bit 1 + 2 =
/2 v V1 = 2V2. T s P1/P2 l:
A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 8
Gii:
tan1 = ; tan2 = ; Do 1 + 2 = /2 -----> tan1 = cotan2 =

Suy ra R2 = ZL1ZL2
Gi U l in p hiu dng t vo hai u on mch
I1 =
I2 =
U1 = I1ZL1 =
U2 = I2ZL2 =
U1 = 2U2 ---------> ----------> ZL1 = 4ZL2
P1 = I12 R
P2 = I22 R
--------> P2 = 4P1 Xem lai bi ra: V1 = 2V2 hay V2 = 2V1?
Hoc tnh t s P1/P2 hay P2/P1 ?
Cu 23.. Mch in xoay chiu gm bin tr mc ni tip vi cun dy thun cm v
t in. Mc vo mch in ny mt hiu in th xoay chiu n nh . Ngi ta iu
chnh gi tr ca bin tr n khi cng sut ca mch in l 100cn3 W th khi
dng in tr pha so vi hiu in th 2 u on mch gc pi/3. Tip tc iu chnh
gi tr ca bin tr ti khi cng sut mch t gi tr cc i. Gi tr cc i bng
bao nhiu
A.250W B.300W C.100cn 3 W D.200W
gii
+ tan
+P=
+ Pmax = vi Rm = ZL ZC =
suy ra Pmax = p n D
Cu 24. t in p xoay chiu u = 100 cos(t) V vo hai u mch gm in tr R ni
tip vi t C c ZC = R. Ti thi im in p tc thi trn in tr l 50V v ang
tng th in p tc thi trn t l
A. -50V. B. - 50 V. C. 50V. D. 50 V.
Gii
t ZC = R => U0C = U0R = 100V m i = cn p dng h thc c lp trong on
nguyn t C:
v ang tng nn chn B
Cu 25.Mch in xoay chiu RLC ghp ni tip, t vo hai u mch mt in p u
= U0cos t (V). iu chnh C = C1 th cng sut ca mch t gi tr cc i Pmax =
400W. iu chnh C = C2 th h s cng sut ca mch l . Cng sut ca mch khi
l
Gii
Ban u: C = C1 th cng sut ca mch t gi tr cc i Pmax = 400W. Xy ra
cng hng
Pmax = 400W <=> U2/R = 400 =>U2 = 400R = Khng i (1)
Khi C = C2 th h s cng sut ca mch l .
Cu 26. t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U=100V vo 2 u don mch
AB. on mch AB gm 2 on mch AM v MB mc ni tip. on mch AM gm c
in tr thun R v cun cm thun L; on mch MB c in tr thun R v t in
C. Bit in p hiu dng 2 u on AM v MB ln lt l 60V v 80V. Tm h s
cng sut ca on mch AB?
Gii
Nhn vo gin :
Cu 27. on mch gm 2 on mch AM v MB mc ni tip. on AM gm in tr
thun ni tip vi cun cm thun L, on mch MB gm in tr thun ni tip t
in . Bit in p tc thi . Tnh cng sut tiu th ca on mch AB

Gii
bi ny d thui :v R2=ZC suy ra UMB chm pha hn i gc pi/4 v I = 0,8
Dng my tnh suy ra biu thc ca UAB khi c ngay cng sut
Cu 28.Mt my bin th li i xng gm 3 nhnh c tit din bng nhau, hai nhnh
c cun 2 cun dy. Khi mc mt hiu in th xoay chiu vo mt cun th ng
sc do n sinh ra khng b thot ra ngoi v c chia u cho 2 nhnh cn li. Khi
mc cun 1 vo mt hiu in th xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng l U1 = 240V th
cun 2 h c hiu in th U2. Hi khi mc vo cun 2 mt hiu in th U2 th
cun 1 h c hiu in th bao nhiu? Bit rng in tr ca cc cun dy khng
ng k.
Gii:
Khi cun 1 mc vo in p u1, do in tr cun dy khng ng k nn theo nh
lut Faraday v cm ng in t, ta c:
(1)
Cun th cp h c (2)
Vi v l t thng cun s cp v cun th cp, vi nn (t thng gi qua cun th
cp chia u cho hai nhnh cn li).
T (1) v (2) suy ra: (3)
Tng t khi cun 2 mc vo in p u2, ta c:
(4)
Nhn (3) v (4) v vi v, ta c:
Thay s, ta c:
Cu 29. Mt my pht in xoay chiu mt pha tc ca rto c th thay i c.
B qua in tr ca cc dy qun my pht. Ni hai cc ca my pht in vi
mt on mch AB gm in tr thun R, cun cm thun c t cm L v t in
c in dung C mc ni tip. Khi rto ca my quay u vi tc n1vng/pht th
cng dng in hiu dng trong on mch AB l I1 v tng tr ca mch l Z1.
Khi rto ca my quay u vi tc n2vng/pht ( vi n2>n1) th cng dng in
hiu dng trong mch AB khi l I2 v tng tr ca mch l Z2. Bit I2=4I1 v
Z2=Z1. tng tr ca on mch AB c gi tr nh nht th r to ca my phi quay
u vi tc bng 480vng/pht. Gi tr ca n1 v n2 ln lt l
A. n1= 300vng/pht v n2= 768vng/pht B. n1= 120vng/pht v n2=
1920vng/pht
C. n1= 360vng/ pht v n2= 640vng/pht D. n1= 240vng/pht v n2=
960vng/pht
Gii
n y nhn vo p n c ngay D.nu lm t tun th s dng nt d kin cui cng
l OK
Cu 30. Mt on mch AB gm cun cm thun t cm L, in tr thun R v t
in c in dung C thay i c theo th t mc ni tip. M v N ln lt l
im ni gia L v R; gia R v C. t vo hai u AB in p xoay chiu c biu thc
( U v w khng i). in tr thun R c gi tr bng ln cm khng. iu chnh
C=C1 th in p tc thi gia hai im AN lch pha so vi in p tc thi gia hai
im MB. Khi C=C2 th in p hiu dng gia hai im AM t cc i. H thc lin
h gia C1 v C2 l:
A. C1=3C2.
Cu 31: t in p vo 2 u cun cm thun c . thi im t1 cc gi tr tc thi
ca u v i ln lt l 100V v -2,5 A. thi im t2 c gi tr l 100 V v -2,5A. Tm
Gii
Do mch ch c L nn u v I lun vung pha nhau. Phng trnh ca i c dng (*)

(**)
T (*) v (**) suy ra
Ta c h Suy ra
M
Cu 32. Ba in tr ging nhau u hnh sao v ni vo ngun n nh cng u hnh
sao nh cc ng dy dn. Nu i cch u ba in tr thnh tam gic (ngun vn
u hnh sao) th cng dng in hiu dng qua mi ng dy dn:
A. tng ln. B. tng ln. C. gim ln. D. gim ln.
Gii:
Khi cc in tr u sao: Id = Ip =
Khi cc in tr u tam gic: Id = Ip = = = = 3I
Tng ln gp 3 ln. Chn p n A
Cu 33.. Trong gi thc hnh mt hc sinh mc ni tip mt qut in xoay chiu vi
in tr R, ri mc vo hai u mch in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 380V.
Bit qut c cc gi tr nh mc 220V 88W. Khi hot ng ng cng sut nh
mc th lch pha gia in p hai u qut v dng in qua n l , vi cos = 0,8.
qut hot ng ng cng sut th R =?
Gii:
Gi r l in tr ca qut: P = UqIcos = I2r.
Thay s vo ta c: I = = = 0,5 (A); r = = 352
Zqut = = = 440
Khi mc vo U = 380V: I = = =
R2 + 2Rr + = ------> R2 + 704R +4402 = 7602
-----> R2 + 704R 384000 = 0------> R = 360,7
Cu 34. on mch R, L(thun cm) v C ni tip c t di in p xoay chiu
khng i, tn s thay i c. Khi iu chnh tn s dng in l f1 v f2 th pha
ban u ca dng in qua mch l v cn cng dng in hiu dng khng thay
i. H s cng sut ca mch khi tn s dng in bng f1 l
A. 0,8642 B. 0,9239. C. 0,9852. D. 0,8513.
Gii:
Gi s in p c biu thc :
Khi f1 th:
Khi f2 th:
T (1) v (2)
V I khng i nn
loi nghim 1 = 2 thay 1 = 2 vo (3) ta c:
Cu 35. Mt cun dy khng thun cm ni tip vi t in C trong mch xoay chiu
c in p u=U0cost(V) th dng in trong mch sm pha hn in p u l 1 v
in p hiu dng hai u cun dy l 30V. Nu thay C1=3C th dng in chm pha
hn u gc 2=900-1 v in p hiu dng hai u cun dy l 90V. Tm U0.
A. V B. V C. V D. V
Gii:
Z2C = ZC/3
I2 = 3I1 i1 smpha hn u; i2 tr pha hn u;
Hnh chiu ca trn l
U2LC = U2L - U2C = U1R 3ZL - ZC = R (1)
U1LC = U1C - U1L = U2R ZC - ZL = 3R (2)
T (1) v (2) ZL = 2R ZC = 5R
Ban u
U=V

U0 = 60V
Cu 36. Mch in xoay chiu R, L, C mc ni tip. in p hai u on mch l .
Ch c thay i c. iu chnh thy khi gi tr ca n l hoc ( < ) th dng in
hiu dng u nh hn cng hiu dng cc i n ln (n > 1). Biu thc tnh R l
A. R = B. R = C. R = D. R =
Bi gii:
thay i Imax khi cng hng in: Imax = U/ R
Vi 2 gi tr khc nhau ta c cng gi tr I -> Z1 = Z2.
Theo gi thit th 2 < 1 1L 1/ 1C = 1/ 2C - 2L >>> LC = 1/ 1 2 ( 1)
Ta c Imax = nI >>> U/ R = n[ U/ R2 + ( ZL ZC)2 ]
R2 ( n2 1) = ( ZL ZC)2
Ly cn 2 v R ( n2 1) = 1L 1/ 1C = L ( 1 - 1/ 1LC)
Kt hp vi ( 1) B ng
Cu 37. Mt ngi nh cun mt bin th t hiu in th U1 = 110V ln 220V vi li
khng phn nhnh, khng mt mt nng lng v cc cun dy c in tr rt nh ,
vi s vng cc cun ng vi 1,2 vng/Vn. Ngi cun ng hon ton cun th
cp nhng li cun ngc chiu nhng vng cui ca cun s cp. Khi th my vi
ngun th cp o c U2 = 264 V so vi cun s cp ng yu cu thit k, in p
ngun l U1 = 110V. S vng dy b cun ngc l:
A 20 B 11 C . 10 D 22
Gii:
Gi s vng cc cun dy ca MBA theo ng yu cu l N1 v N2
Ta c N2 = 2N1 (1) Vi N1 = 110 x1,2 = 132 vng
Gi n l s vng dy b cun ngc. Khi ta c
(2)
Thay N1 = 132 vng ta tm c n = 11 vng. Chn p n B
Cu 38. Trong qu trnh truyn ti in nng i xa, cui ngun khng dng my h
th. Cn phi tng in p ca ngun ln bao nhiu ln gim cng sut hao ph
trn ng dy 100 ln nhng vn m bo cng sut ni tiu th nhn c l
khng i. Bit in p tc thi u cng pha vi dng in tc thi i v ban u
gim in p trn ng dy bng 10% in p ca ti tiu th
A. 9,1 ln. B. ln. C. 10 ln. D. 9,78 ln.
Bi gii: Gi P l cng sut ni tiu thu, R in tr ng dy
Cng sut hao ph khi cha tng in p v khi tng in p
P1 = Vi P1 = P + P1 ; P1 = I1.U1
P2 = Vi P2 = P + P2 .
gim in p trn ng dy khi cha tng in p
U = 0,1(U1-U) ---- 1,1 U = 0,1U1
U = I1R = ------>R = =
P1 = P + P1
P2 = P + P2 = P + 0,01P1 = P + P1 - 0,99P1 = P1 0,99P1
Mt khc P1 = =
Do :
:
Vy U2 = 9,1 U1 Chn p n A: 9,1
Cu 39. t vo hai u mch in gm hai phn t R v C vi R = 100W mt ngun
in tng hp c biu thc u = 100 + 100cos(100pt + p/4) (V). Tnh cng sut ta
nhit trn in tr: A. 50W. B. 200W. C. 25W, D, 150W

Gii: Ngun in tng hp gm ngun in mt chiu c U1chieu = 100V v ngun

in xoay chiu c in p hiu dng U = 50 (V). Do on mch cha t C nn dng
in 1 chiu khng qua R. Do cng sut ta nhit trn R < Pmax (do Z > R)
P = I2R < = = 50W. Chn p n C: P = 25W.
Cu 40: Mt mch tiu th in l cun dy c in tr thun r= 8m,tiu th cng
sut P=32W vi h s cng sut cos=0,8 .in nng c a t my pht in xoay
chiu 1 pha nh dy dn c in tr R= 4m.in p hiu dng 2 u ng dy ni
my pht l
A.10 V B.28V C.12 V D.24V
Gii: Dng in qua cun dy I = = 2A;
Ud = = 20V , I = = -----> Zd = = 10
Zd = -----> ZL = = 6
I = -----> U = IZ = I = 2 = 12 (V). Chn p n C
Cu 41. Cho on mch xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip.t vo 2 u mch 1 in p
xoay chiu c tn s thay i c.Khi tn s ca in p 2 u mch l f0 =60Hz th
in p hiu dng 2 u cun cm thun t cc i .Khi tn s ca in p 2 u
mch l f = 50Hz th in p 2 u cun cm l uL=UL cos(100t + 1 ) .Khi f = f th
in p 2 u cun cm l uL =U0L cos(t+2 ) .Bit UL=U0L / .Gi tr ca bng:
A.160(rad/s) B.130(rad/s) C.144(rad/s) D.20 (rad/s)
Gii: UL = IZL =
UL =ULmax khi y = = ymin
-------> = (2 -R2) (1) Vi 0 = 120 rad/s
Khi f = f v f = f ta u c U0L = UL Suy ra UL = UL ------>
= ------>
2 [ ] = 2 [ ]
( 2 -2 )( 2 -R2) = ( - ) = ( 2 -2 )( + )
-----> C2 ( 2 -R2) = + (2) Vi = 100 rad/s
T (1) v (2) ta c = + -------> 2 =
= -------> = = 160,36 rad/s. Chn p n A
Cu 42. Cho on mch AB gm hai on mch AM nt vi MB. Bit on AM gm R nt
vi C v MB c cun cm c t cm L v in tr r. t vo AB mt in p xoay
chiu u = U cost (v). Bit R = r = , in p hiu dng gia hai u MB ln gp n =
in p hai u AM. H s cng sut ca on mch c gi tr l
A.0,887 B. 0,755 C.0,865 D. 0,975
Gii: V gin vc t nh hnh v
T R = r = ----->
R2 = r2 = ZL.ZC
(V ZL = L; ZC = ----> ZL.ZC = )
= I2(R2 +ZC2)
= I2(r2+ ZL2) = I2(R2+ ZL2)
Xt tam gic OPQ
PQ = UL + UC
PQ2 = (UL + UC )2 = I2(ZL +ZC)2 = I2(ZL2 +ZC2 +2ZLZC) = I2 (ZL2 +ZC2 +2R2) (1)
OP2 + OQ2 = (2)
T (1) v (2) ta thy PQ2 = OP2 + OQ2 ------> tam gic OPQ vung ti O
T UMB = nUAM = UAM
tan(POE) = ------> POE = 300. T gic OPEQ l hnh ch nht
OQE = 600 ------> QOE = 300
Do gc lch pha gia u v i trong mch: = 900 600 = 300
V vy cos = cos300 = . Chn p n C

Cu 43. Trong qu trnh truyn ti in nng i xa, cui ngun khng dng my h
th. Cn phi tng in p ca ngun ln bao nhiu ln gim cng sut hao ph
trn ng dy 100 ln nhng vn m bo cng sut ni tiu th nhn c l
khng i. Bit in p tc thi u cng pha vi dng in tc thi i v ban u
gim in p trn ng dy bng 10% in p ca ti tiu th
A. 9,1 ln. B. ln. C. 10 ln. D. 9,78 ln.
Gii
gim hao ph ng dy DP = I2R => DP2 / DP1 = 1/ 100 => I2 = I1/10 = 1/n
V in p cng pha vi cng dng in => cosj = 1
Cng tiu thu ca ti li khng i nn Ut1.I1 = Ut2I2 => Ut2 = 10Ut1 = nUt1
gim in p ng dy DU1 = kUt1 = I1R
gim in p ng dy DU2 = I2R => DU2/DU1 = I2/I1 = 1/n => DU2 = kUt1/n
in p ca ngun U1 = DU1 + Ut1 = ( k + 1 )Ut1
in p ca ngun U2 = DU2 + Ut2 = kUt1/n + nUt1 = ( k + n2 ) Ut1/n
Lp t s U2/U1 = ( k + n2)/ ( k +1)n
Bn nh cng thc ny nh : vi k phn gim in p s vi in p ti, n2 l
phn gim hao ph ng dy
p dng bng s k = 10% , n2 = 100 => U2/U1 = 9,1 . Chn A
Cu 44. t mt in p (U, khng i) vo on mch AB ni tip. Gia hai im
AM l mt bin tr R, gia MN l cun dy c r v gia NB l t in C. Khi R = 75 th
ng thi c bin tr R tiu th cng sut cc i v thm bt k t in C no vo
on NB d ni tip hay song song vi t in C vn thy UNB gim. Bit cc gi tr r,
ZL, ZC, Z (tng tr) nguyn. Gi tr ca r v ZC l:
A. 21 ; 120 . B. 128 ; 120 . C. 128 ; 200 . D. 21 ; 200 .
Gii: PR = I2R = =
PR = PRmax khi R2 = r2 + (ZL ZC)2. (1)
Mt khc lc R = 75 th PR = PRmax ng thi UC = UCmax
Do ta c: ZC = = + ZL (2)
Theo bi ra cc gi tr r, ZL ZC v Z c gi tr nguyn
ZC nguyn th (R+r)2 = nZL (3) (vi n nguyn dng)
Khi ZC = n + ZL ------> ZC ZL = n (4)
Thay (4) vo (1) r2 + n2 = R2 = 752. (5)
Theo cc p n ca bi ra r c th bng 21 hoc 128. Nhng theo (5): r < 75
Do vy r c th r = 21 T (5) -----> n = 72.
Thay R, r, n vo (3) ---> ZL = 128 Thay vo (4) ----> ZC = 200
Chn p n D: r = 21 ; ZC = 200 .
Cu 45. t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng l 60V vo 2 u mach R,L,C ni
tip th cng dng in hiu dng trong mach l . Khi b t C th dng in trong
mch l . Hi biu thc in p ca mch l?
Gii Trong 2 trng hp I0 nh nhau nn
Vy
Vy u l ng cho hnh thoi nn phng trnh u c dng
Cu 46. t in p xoay chiu: V ( t tnh bng giy) vo hai u mch gm in tr
R=100, cun thu cm L=318,3mH v t in C=15,92F mc ni tip. Trong mt
chu k, khong thi gian in p hai u on mch sinh cng dng cung cp in
nng cho mch bng:
A. 20ms B. 17,5ms C. 12,5ms D. 15ms
Gii
Cng A=Pt. A>0 khi P>o.Vy ta i lp biu thc ca p
Bt u vit biu thc ca i: ZL=100 , Zc=200

 lch pha gia u v i: tang =-1,

D dng vit c biu thc ca i:
Cgn thc tnh cng sut:p=ui=484
P>0 khi
V ng trn lng gic ra:
Nhn trn vng trn lng gic d dng thy trong khong t A n B theo chiu kim
ng h th p>0.Vy thi gian sinh cng dng l :2.3T/4=15ms
Cu 47. Mt on mch AB gm hai on mch AM v MB mc ni tip. on mch
AM ch c bin tr R, on mch MB gm in tr thun r mc ni tip vi cun cm
thun c t cm L. t vo AB mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng v tn
s khng i. iu chnh R n gi tr 80 th cng sut tiu th trn bin tr t cc
i v tng tr ca on mch AB chia ht cho 40. Khi h s cng sut ca on
mch MB v ca on mch AB tng ng l
A. v . B. v . C. v . D. v
Gii:
PR = I2R =
PR = PRmax khi mu s = min ----> R2 = r2 +ZL2 --------> r2 +ZL2 = 802 = 6400
Ta c: cosMB = Vi r < 80
cosAB = Vi n nguyn dng, theo bi ra Z = 40n
Z2 =1600n2 -------> (r+80)2 + ZL2 = 1600n2
r2 +160r + 6400 +ZL2 = 1600n2 ----> r = 10n2 80.
0 < r = 10n2 80.< 80 -----> n = 3 ----> r =10
Suy ra: cosMB = =
cosAB = =
Chn p n D: cosMB = ; cosAB =
Cu 48. on mch R, L(thun cm) v C ni tip c t di in p xoay chiu
khng i, tn s thay i c. Khi iu chnh tn s dng in l f1 v f2 th pha
ban u ca dng in qua mch l v cn cng dng in hiu dng khng thay
i. H s cng sut ca mch khi tn s dng in bng f1 l
A. 0,8642 B. 0,9239. C. 0,9852. D. 0,8513.
Gii:
Gi s in p c biu thc :
Khi f1 th:
Khi f2 th:
T (1) v (2)
VI khng i nn
loi nghim 1 = 2 thay 1 = 2 vo (3) ta c:
Cu 49.Mt th in dn dung qun mt may bin ap vi d inh h s ha ap la k =
2. Do s sut nn cun th cp bi thiu mt s vong dy. Mun xac inh s vong dy
thiu qun tip thm vao cun th cp cho u, ngi th nay t vao hai u
cun s cp mt in ap xoay chiu co gia tri hiu dung U = const, ri dung vn k li
tng xac inh ti s x gia in ap cun th cp h va cun s cp. Luc u x =
43%. Sau khi qun thm vao cun th cp 26 vong thi x = 45%. Bo qua moi hao phi
trong may bin ap. c may bin ap ung nh d inh thi ngi th in phai
tip tuc qun thm vao cun th cp:
65vong dy. B. 56 vong dy. C. 36 vong dy. D. 91 vong dy.
Gii :
Gi n l s vng dy b thiu ta c
Lc u (1)

sau khi qun thm ( 2)

gii h gm hai pt 1 v 2 c do n = 91 vng p an D
Cu 50. t mt in p xoay chiu vo hai u mch in AB mc ni tip theo th
t gm in tr R, cun dy khng thun cm (L, r) v t in C vi . Gi N l im
nm gia in tr R v cun dy, M l im nm gia cun dy v t in. in p
tc thi uAM v uNB vung pha vi nhau v c cng mt gi tr hiu dng l . Gi tr
ca U0 bng:
A. V. B. V. C. V. D. V.
Gii: Do R = r ---> UR = Ur
Ta c :(UR + Ur)2 + =
----> 4 + = (1)
+ (UL UC)2 = (2)
UAM = UNB -----> ZAM = ZNB ------>
4R2 + ZL2 = R2 + (ZL ZC)2
3R2 + ZL2 = (ZL ZC)2 (*)
uAM v uBN vung pha ----> tanAM.tanNB = -1
= -1---->(ZL ZC)2 = (**)
T (*) v (**) 3R2 + ZL2 =
------> ZL4 + 3R2ZL2 4R2 = 0 -----> ZL2 = R2
Do UL2 = UR2 (3). T (1) v (3)----> 5UR2 = = (30 )2 -----> UR = 30 (V)
UR = UL =30 (V) (4)
+ (UL UC)2 = ------>(UL UC)2 = (30 )2 302 = 4.302
UAB2 = :(UR + Ur)2 + (UL UC)2 = 4UR2 + (UL UC)2 = 2.4.302
---> UAB = 60 (V)-------> U0 = UAB = 120 (V). Chn p n B
Cu 51. Cho on mch RLC ni tip vi cun dy thun cm L c th thay i c.
mch in c t di hiu in th u=Uo cost, vi U khng i v cho
trc.Khi thay i L th thy hiu in th hiu dng trn R v L c gi tr cc i
chnh lch nhau 2 ln. Hiu in th cc i gia 2 u t in c gi tr cc i no
sau y
Gii
Khi mch cng hng t gi tr cc i
= U v (1)
Theo bi ra ta c = 2
Thay 2 v 1 ta c
Cu 52. Mch in xoay chiu gm cun dy c L = (H) mc ni tip vi t in C.
t vo hai u on mch in p u = U cost(V). Khi C = C1 = F th UCmax = 100
(V). Khi C = 2,5 C1 th cng dng in tr pha so vi in p hai u on mch.
Gi tr ca U l:
A. 50V B. 100V C. 100 V D. 50 V
Gii :
Vi khi C = 2,5 C1 cng dng in tr pha so vi in p hai u on mch, nn
cuon dy c in tr R
Khi C=C2= 2,5 C1 ta c (1)
KhiC=C1= FthUCmax
gii pt n Zc ta c
v thay vo (1) c
Mt khc: p nB
Cu 53. Mch in xoay chiu, gm in tr thun R, cun dy thun cm c t
cm L v t in c in dung C mc ni tip. t vo 2 u on mch mt in p
xoay chiu u tn s 1000Hz. Khi mc 1 ampe k A c in tr khng ng k song
song vi t C th n ch 0,1A. Dng in qua n lch pha so vi in p hai u on
mch gc /6 rad. Thay ampe k A bng vn k V c in tr rt ln th vn k ch 20
V, in p hai u vn k chm pha hn in p hai u on mch /6 rad. t

cm L v in tr thun R c gi tr:
A. /(40 )(H) v 150 B. /(2 )v 150
C. /(40 ) (H) v 90 D. /(2 )v 90
gii
khi mc A: ta c mch R nt L
nn ta c tan (1)
v (2)
khi mc V: ta c mch RLC
uC tr pha hn u mt gc suy ra u tr pha hn i mt gc
khi ta c (3)
T (1) suy ra UR = UL (4)
t (3) v (4) suy ra UL = 5V v UR = 5 V (UC = UV = 20V)
ta c
t (2) suy ra ZL = 50 ;
t (1) suy ra R = 150
vy p n l A
Cu 54. t mt in p (U, khng i) vo on mch AB ni tip. Gia hai im
AM l mt bin tr R, gia MN l cun dy c r v gia NB l t in C. Khi R = 75 th
ng thi c bin tr R tiu th cng sut cc i v thm bt k t in C no vo
on NB d ni tip hay song song vi t in C vn thy UNB gim. Bit cc gi tr r,
ZL, ZC, Z (tng tr) nguyn. Gi tr ca r v ZC l:
A. 21 ; 120 . B. 128 ; 120 . C. 128 ; 200 . D. 21 ; 200 .
Gii: PR = I2R = =
PR = PRmax khi R2 = r2 + (ZL ZC)2. (1)
Mt khc lc R = 75 th PR = PRmax ng thi UC = UCmax
Do ta c: ZC = = + ZL (2)
Theo bi ra cc gi tr r, ZL ZC v Z c gi tr nguyn
ZC nguyn th (R+r)2 = nZL (3) (vi n nguyn dng)
Khi ZC = n + ZL ------> ZC ZL = n (4)
Thay (4) vo (1) r2 + n2 = R2 = 752. (5)
Theo cc p n ca bi ra r c th bng 21 hoc 128. Nhng theo (5): r < 75
Do vy r c th r = 21 T (5) -----> n = 72.
Thay R, r, n vo (3) ---> ZL = 128 Thay vo (4) ----> ZC = 200
Chn p n D: r = 21 ; ZC = 200 .
Cu 55. t in p xoay chiu: u = 220 cos100t (V) ( t tnh bng giy) vo hai u
mch gm in tr R=100, cun thun cm L=318,3mH v t in C=15,92F mc
ni tip. Trong mt chu k, khong thi gian in p hai u on mch sinh cng
dng cung cp in nng cho mch bng:
A. 20ms B. 17,5ms C. 12,5ms D. 15ms
Gii: Chu k ca dng in T = 0,02 (s) = 20 (ms)
Y > 0 trong khong thi gian 3
Do Trong mt chu k, khong thi gian in p hai u on mch sinh cng
dng cung cp in nng cho mch bng: 3. = 15 ms. Chn p n D
Cu 56. Cho linh kin gm din tr thun R =60, cun cm thun v t in C. Ln
lt t in p xoay chiu vo 2 u on mch ni tip RL hoc RC th biu thc
cng dng in trong mch ln lt l i1= cos(100t /12) v i2= cos(100t
+7/12) . Nu t in p trn vo mch RLC ni tip th dng in qua mch c biu
thc
A.2 cos(100t +/3) B.2cos(100t +/3) C. 2 cos(100t +/4) D.2cos(100t +/4)
Gii:
*
Trong : l lch pha ca in p 2 u mch vi i1; i2
* V gin vec t
* T gin :

(tnh t trc gc)

*
* Khi t in p trn vo mch RLC ni tip th c hin tng cng hng v
Do : ;
Vy:
Cu 57. t vo hai u on mch xoay chiu khng phn nhnh R, C, L mc ni
tip mt in p . Khi in p hiu dng hai u on mch l 100V th cng
dng in tr pha vi in p l v cng sut ta nhit ca on mch l 50W.
Khiin p hiu dng hai u on mch l gi tr cng dng in hiu dng
khng i th phi ghp ni tip on mch trn vi in tr khc c gi tr
A. 73,2 B. 50 C. 100 D. 200
Gii
* Khi th
V
v
* I khng i th I=1A th
Cu 58. t in p xoay chiu vo on mch RLC. Bit , t in c in dung thay
i c. Khi in dung t in ln lt l (F) v (F) th in p hiu dng trn t
c cng gi tr. in p hiu dng trn in tr R t cc i th gi tr ca C l:
A. (F). B. (F)., C. (F). D. (F)
Gii
Ta c
UC1 = UC2 --------->>
ZC1 = 400; ZC2 = 240
-----> R2 + ZL2 = = = 300ZL
in p hiu dng trn in tr R t cc i th trong mch c cng hng ZL =
ZC
Thay R =100 ; :
- ZC2 - 300ZC +20000 = 0
Phng trnh c hai nghim : ZC = 200 v ZC = 100
Khi ZC = 200 th C =
Khi ZC = 100 th C =
Chn p n A
Cu 59. Mt on mch RLC, khi f1 =66 Hz hoc f2 =88 Hz th hiu in th gia hai
u cun cm khng i. ULmax th f c gi tr l
A 45,21 B 23,12 C 74,76 D 65,78
Gii
ULmax th = + hay = +
f = = 74,67 (Hz). Chn p n C
Cu 60. Hai t C1=3C0 v C2=6C0 mc ni tip.Ni 2 u b t vi pin c sut in
ng E=3 V np in cho cc t ri ngt ra v ni vi cun dy thun cm L to
thnh mch dao ng in t t do.Khi dng in trong mch dao ng t cc i
th ngi ta ni tt 2 cc ca t C1.Hiu in th cc i trn t C2 ca mch dao
ng sau l:
A.1 V B.cn 3 V C. 2 V D. 3 V
Gii:
in tch ca b t sau khi ni vi pin:
Q = CBE = (V)
Nng lng ca mch dao ng W =
Nng lng ca mch sau khi ni tt C1 W= (V), Chn p n B.
Cu 61. Mt my bin p l tng gm mt cun s cp v hai cun th cp. Cun s
cp c n1 = 1320 vng, in p U1 = 220V. Cun th cp th nht c U2 = 10V, I2 =
0,5A; Cun th cp th 2c n 3 = 25 vng, I3 = 1,2A. Cng dng in qua cun
s cp l :

A. I1 = 0,035A B. I1 = 0,045A C. I1 = 0,023A D. I1 = 0,055A

Gii: Dng in qua cun s cp I1 = I12 + I13
I1 = I12 + I13 = Chn p n B.
Cu 62. Mt ngi nh qun mt my h p t in p U1 = 220 (V) xung U2 =110
(V) vi li khng phn nhnh, xem my bin p l l tng, khi my lm vic th sut
in ng hiu dng xut hin trn mi vng dy l 1,25 Vn/vng. Ngi qun
ng hon ton cun th cp nhng li qun ngc chiu nhng vng cui ca cun
s cp. Khi th my vi in p U1 = 220V th in p hai u cun th cp o c
l 121(V). S vng dy b qun ngc l:
A. 9 B. 8 C. 12 D. 10
Gii:
Gi s vng cc cun dy ca MBA theo ng yu cu l N1 v N2
Ta c N1 = 2N2 (1) Vi N1 = 220 /1,25 = 176 vng
Gi n l s vng dy b cun ngc. Khi ta c
(2)------>
121(N1 2n) = 110N1 ----> n = 8 vng. Chn p n B
Ch : Khi cun s cp b cun ngc n vng th sut in ng cm ng xut hin
cc cun s cp v th cp ln lt l
e1 = (N1-n)e0 ne0 = (N1 2n) e0 vi e0 sut in ng cm ng xut hin mi
vng dy.
e2 = N2e0
Do
Cu 63. t in p xoay chiu u = U0cos(120t + /3)V vo hai u mt cun cm
thun c t cm 1/6(H). Ti thi im in p gia hai u cun cm l 40 (V)th
cng dng in qua cun cm l 1A. biu thc cng dng in qua cun cm
l ?
Gii:
ZL = 20 Biu thc cng dng in qua cun cm l
i = I0cos(120t + /3 -/2 ) = I0cos(120t - /6 )
+ = 1 -----> I02 = = ---->
300I02 3200 = 400 ----> I0 = 3 (A) Do i = 3cos(120t - /6 ) (A)
Cu 64. Trong on mch xoay chiu gm in tr R, t in c in dung C bin i
c v cun dy ch c t cm L mc ni tip vi nhau. in p tc thi trong
mch l u = U0cos100pt (V). Ban u lch pha gia u v i l 600 th cng sut tiu
th ca mch l 50W. Thay i t C uAB cng pha vi i th mch tiu th cng
sut
A 200W B 50W C 100W D 120W
Giai:
= 600 , P = 50W
u va i cung pha thi
Chon A
Cu 65. Mch in xoay chiu gm cun dy c (Ro,L) v hai t in C1, C2 . Nu
mc C1 song song vi C2 ri mc ni tip vi cun dy th tn s cng hng l 1 =
48 (rad/s). Nu mc C1 ni tip vi C2 ri mc ni tip vi cun dy th tn s cng
hng l 2 = 100(rad/s). Nu ch mc ring C1 ni tip vi cun dy th tn s cng
hng l
A. = 74(rad/s). B. = 60(rad/s). C. = 50(rad/s). D. = 70(rad/s).
Giai

C1 // C2 thi C = C1 + C2 => (1)

C1 nt C2 thi =>
(2)
Giai h (1) va (20)
Cu 66. t in p xoay chiu u = U cost (V) vo hai u on mch RLC mc ni
tip, cun dy thun cm. Khi ni tt t C th in p hiu dng gia hai u in tr
R tng 2 ln v dng in trong hai trng hp vung pha nhau. H s cng sut ca
on mch lc trc l
A. . B. . C. . D.
Gii: Z1 = . ; Z2 = .
Khi UR tng ln hai ln-------> Z1 = 2Z2 -----> (ZL ZC)2 = 4ZL2 ----> ZC = 3ZL (*)
tan1 = ; tan2 = ;
i1 v i2 vung pha vi nhau nn tan1. tan2 = - 1 ------> = - 1 (**)
T (*) v (**) ta c ZL =
Do ; cos1 = = = . Chn p n D
Bi 4. Mt my pht in gm n t my c cng cn sut P. in sx ra c truyn
n ni tiu th vi hiu sut H.. Hi nu khi ch cn mt t my th hiu sut H bng
bao nhiu, (tnh theo n v H)
Gii:
Hiu sut: H = -------> (1)
P = n2 P2 (2)
H = ----> (3)
P = P2 (4)
T (1) v (3) ta c: (5)
T (2) v (4) ta c: (6)
T (5) v (6) ta c
p s:
Cu 67. Cho dng in xoay chiu (A) chy qua bnh in phn cha dung dch
H2SO4 vi cc in cc bng bch kim. Tnh in lng qua bnh theo mt chiu
trong thi gian 16 pht 5 giy
A. 965C B. 1930C C. 0,02C D. 867C
Gii Chu k dng in
Thi gian
Xt trong chu k u tin khi t=0 th , sau I tng ri gim v 0 lc , sau dng
in i chiu chuyn ng.
Vy in lng qua bnh theo mt chiu trong 1 chu k l
Vy in lng qua bnh theo mt chiu trong thi gian 16 pht 5 giy l
(ly ln)
Cu 68. Mch in AB gm on AM ni tip vi on MB. on AM gm in tr R
mc ni tip vi cun cm thun c t cm L thay i, on MB ch c t in C.
in p tc thi (V). iu chnh L = L1 th cng hiu dng I=0,5A, UMB =100(V),
dng in i tr pha so vi uAB mt gc 600. iu chnh L = L2 in p hiu dng
UAM t cc i.Tnh t cm L2.
A. B. C. D.
Cu 69. Cho mch in AB gm mt in tr thun R mc ni tip vi mt t in C
v mt cun dy theo ng th t. Gi M l im ni gia in tr thun v t in, N
im ni gia t in v cun dy. t vo hai u on mch in p xoay chiu c
gi tr hiu dng 120 V khng i, tn s f = 50Hz th o c in p hiu dng gia
hai im M v B l 120V, in p UAN lch pha /2 so vi in p UMB ng thi UAB
lch pha /3 so vi UAN. Bit cng sut tiu th ca mch khi l 360W. Nu ni tt

hai u cun dy th cng sut tiu th ca mch l :

A. 810W B. 240W C. 540W * D. 180W
Gii Theo gian ta co
Cng sut cua mach
=> R= 60
Khi cun dy ni tt thi mach chi con lai mach AN
nn cng sut la
Chon C
Cu 70. Trong qu trnh truyn ti in nng mt pha i xa, gi thit cng sut tiu
th nhn c khng i, in p v dng in lun cng pha. Ban u gim in
th trn ng dy bng 15% in p ni tiu th. gim cng sut hao ph trn
ng dy 100 ln cn tng in p ca ngun ln
A. 7,8 ln. B. 10 ln. C. 100 ln. D. 8,7 ln.
Gii Gi gim hao ng dy l n th P2 / P1 = 1/ n2 = 1/ 100
Gi gim in p ng dy l k th Ud = kUti
Gi U in p ngun
Ta c cng thc cho loi bi ton ny y : U2/ U1 = ( n2 + 1 ) / n ( k + 1)
Thay s : U2/U1 = ( 100 + 1 ) / 10( 0,15 + 1 ) = 8,7
Cu 71. Cho mt on mch RLC khng phn nhnh, cun dy thun cm, t cm
ca cun dy c th thay i c. Khi thay i gi tr ca L th thy thi im in
p hiu dng gia hai u in tr cc i th in p ny gp bn in p hiu dng
gia hai u cun dy. Khi in p hiu dng gia hai u cun dy cc i th in
p ny so vi in p hiu dng gia hai u in tr khi gp:
A. 4,25 ln. B. 2,5 ln. C. 4 ln. D. 4 ln.
Gii
+ khi URmax (mch c cng hng), ta c: UL = UC v URmax = U = 4UL => R =
4ZC (1)
+ khi ULmax ta c: ULmax = (2)
T (1) suy ra UR = 4UC (3)
T (2) v (3) suy ra ULmax = 4,25 UR P N A