CC HM C BN TRONG

EXCEL
Chng III HM
(FUNCTION)
I. NH NGHA HM
Hm l mt thnh phn ca d liu loi cng thc v c xem l nhng cng thc
c xy dung sn nhm thuc hin cc cng vic tnh ton phc tp.
Dng thc tng qut:
<TN HM> (Tham s ! Tham s "!...)
Trong : <TN HM> l tn qui c ca hm, khng phn bit ch hoa hay thng
Cc tham s: t cch nhau bi du "," hoc ";" tuy theo khai bo trong Control Panel
(xem phn khai bo mi trng - chong )
Cch nhp hm:
Chon mt trong cc cch:
- C1: Chon lnh nsert - Function
- C2: n nt nsert Function trn thanh cng cu
- C3: G truc tip t bn phm
II. C#C HM TH$NG %&NG
1. Nhm Hm x l s:
a. Hm AB S :
- C php: ABS(n)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj tuyt i ca s n
- V du: ABS(-5) 5
b. Hm SQ R T :
- C php: SQRT(n)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l cn bt hai ca s n
- V du: SQRT(9) 3
c. H m ROUN D :
- C php: ROUND(m, n)
- Cng dung: Lm trn s thp phn m n n ch s l. Nu n dong th lm trn
phn thp phn. Nu n m th lm trn phn nguyn.
- V du 1: ROUND(1.45,1) 1.5
- V du 2: ROUND(1.43,1) 1.4
- V du 3: ROUND(1500200,-3) 1500000
- V du 4: ROUND(1500500,-3) 1501000
d. Hm IN T :
- C php: NT(n)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l phn nguyn ca s thp phn n
- V du: NT(1.43) 1
e. H m M O D :
- C php: MOD(m,n)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj phn d ca php chia s m cho s n
- V du: MOD(10,3) 1
2. Nhm hm x l d liu chui:
a. Hm LO W E R :
- C php: LOWER(s)
- Cng dung: Chuyn tt c cc k tu trong chui s sang ch thng.
- V du: LOWER("ExCeL) "excel
b. Hm UPPE R :
- C php: UPPER(s)
- Cng dung: Chuyn tt c cc k tu trong chui s sang ch hoa.
- V du: UPPER("ExCeL) "EXCEL
c. H m PROPE R :
- C php: PROPER(s)
- Cng dung: Chuyn tt c cc k tu u ca mi t trong chui s sang ch hoa
v cc k tu cn li l ch thng.
- V du: PROPER("MiCRosoFt ExCeL) "Microsoft Excel
d. Hm LEF T :
- C php: LEFT(s, n)
- Cng dung: Trch ra n k tu ca chui s k t bn tri.
- V du: LEFT("EXCEL,2) "EX
e. Hm RIGH T :
- C php: RGHT(s, n)
- Cng dung: Trch ra n k tu ca chui s k t bn phi.
- V du: RGHT("EXCEL,2) "EL
f. Hm M ID :
- C php: MD(s, m, n)
- Cng dung: Trch ra n k tu ca chui s k t vj tr th m.
- V du: MD("EXCEL,3,2) "CE
g. Hm LEN :
- C php: LEN(s)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l chiu di ca chui s.
- V du: LEN("EXCEL) 5
. Hm TRIM :
- C php: TRM(s)
- Cng dung: Tr v chui s sau khi ct b cc k tu trng hai u.
- V du: TRM(" EXCEL ) "EXCEL
@
Ch
: Nu cc hm LEFT, RGHT khng c tham s n th Excel s hiu n=1.
3. Nhm hm hn! "#:
a. H m !OUNT :
- C php:
C$%N&'ph(m )i*
- Cng dung: m s c c"a d# $%&' () trong *+m ,%.
- V du: m s nhn vin trong bng di th dng cng thc:
COUNT(E2:E6) 5
A ' C % (
b. Hm !OUNT A :
- C php:
C$%N&+'ph(m )i*
- Cng dung: m s c c"a d# $%&' trong danh sch List.
- V du: m s nhn vin trong ct C bng trn th dng cng thc:
COUNT(C2:C6) 4
c. H m !OUNTI F :
- C php:
C$%N&,-'ph(m )i. /i0u "in*
- Cng dung: m s tha mn -%.' /%&0 trong *+m ,%.
- V du: m s nhn vin thuc phng K ton (xem bng muc a) th dng
cng thc:
COUNTF(D2:D6, "K ton) 3
@
Ch
: Tr trng hp -%.' /%&0 l mt con s chnh xc th cc trng hp cn li
u phi b1 -%.' /%&0 2340g m52 d6' 0g47c /8*.
V du 1: m s nhn vin c Long CB l 1.000.000
COUNTF(E2:E6,1000000) 2
V du 2: m s nhn vin c Long CB nh hon 1.000.000
COUNTF(E2:E6,<1000000) 2
d. H m M A 9 :
- C php:
1+2'ph(m )i*
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l () $:0 062 trong *+m ,%.
- V du: bit Long CB cao nht (xem bng muc a) th dng cng thc:
MAX(E2:E6) 1.200.000
e. H m M IN :
- C php:
1,N'ph(m )i*
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l () 01 062 trong *+m ,%.
- V du: bit Long CB thp nht (xem bng muc a) th dng cng thc:
MN(E2:E6) 00.000
f. Hm A;ERAG E :
- C php:
+345+64'ph(m )i*
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l 23'0g b<0 c50g ca cc trong *+m ,%.
- V du: bit mc long trung bnh (xem bng muc a) th dng cng thc:
AVERAGE(E2:E6) 90.000
g. Hm SUM :
- C php: SUM(phm vi)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l 2=0g cc trong phm vi
- V du: tnh tng Long CB ca tt c cc nhn vin (xem bng muc a):
SUM(E2:E6) 4.900.000
. H m SUM IF :
- C php:
7%1,-')8n! ch9: /i0u "in. /i0u "in. )8n! c;n <nh =n!*
- Cng dung: Hm dng 2>0 2=0g c? -%.' /%&0. Ch nhng no trn ,@0g
c"a -%.' /%&0 tho mn -%.' /%&0 th s tnh tng nhng tong ng trn ,@0g cA0
2>0 2=0g.
- V du: Tnh tng Long CB ca nhn vin phng K ton (xem bng muc a):
SUMF(D2:D6, "K ton, E2:E6) 3.000.000
>. Hm x?p )@ h9 '5+NA*
- C php:
5+NA'2. Ahi. n*
- Cng dung: Xp vj th cho gi trj X trong /)%. Trong , n l tham s qui jnh cch
sp xp:
Nu n = 0 (hoc khng c tham s ny) th kt qu sp xp theo kiu ln ng
trc, nh ng sau
Nu n khc 0 th kt qu sp xp theo kiu nh ng trc, ln ng sau
- V du 1: xp vj th cho cc hoc sinh trong bng di th ti D2 g cng thc
sau:
5+NA'C2.BCB2:BCBC*
A ' C %
6 5 Ng Thj E .5
D. Nhm hm x l d liu lE!ic:
D liu logic l loi d liu m ch cha mt trong hai gi trj True (ng) hoc False
(sai).
:. Hm ,- :
- C php:
,-'FiGu h9c /i0u "in. !i H@ 1. !i H@ 2*
- Cng dung: Hm tin hnh kim tra b%B' 2"c -%.' /%&0:
Nu b%B' 2"c -%.' /%&0 l T3'e (ng) th tr v g%C 23D E.
Ngc li, nu b%B' 2"c -%.' /%&0 l Fa$(e (sai) th tr v g%C 23D F.
- V du 1: Hy in gi trj cho ct kt qu. Bit rng: Nu im thi ln hon hoc
bng 5 th ghi "u. Ngc li th ghi "Hng
,-'I2JKD. LMuL. LHNn!L*
- V du 2:
,-'2J3.O7:iO. PMn!O* Q PMn!O
@ Ch :
v Hm F dng chon 1 trong 2 lua chon nhng nu phi chon nhiu hon 2 lua
chon th dng hm F theo kiu lng nhau.
V du 3: Hy in gi trj cho ct xp loi trong bng di. Bit rng: Nu TB
>=9 th ghi "Gii, nu TB >= th ghi "Kh, nu TB >=5 th ghi "TB, cn li th ghi
"u.
,-'I2JKR.L6iNiL.,-'I2JKS.LAhL.,-'I2JKD.L&IL.LT?uL***
A ' C
v Biu thc iu kin ca hm F lun phi c kt qu tr v 1 trong 2 gi trj True
(ng) hoc False (sai).
V du 4: F("A="B, C, D) "D
V du 5: F("A, B, C) Li VALUE
v Trong hm F, nu khng c i s th 3 th khi biu thc iu kin sai hm s
tr v gi trj False.
V du 6: F(2<3, Sai) "Sai
V du : F(2>3, "Sai) FALSE
F. Hm +NU :
- C php:
+NU'FiGu h9c /i0u "in 1. FiGu h9c /i0u "in 2....*
- Cng dung: Hm tr v gi trj True (ng) nu tt c cc biu thc iu kin u
ng v tr v gi trj False (sai) khi c t nht mt biu thc iu kin sai.
- V du: Hy in gi trj cho ct kt qu trong bng di. Bit rng:
Nu tng im>=10 , im Anh vn>=5 th ghi "u
Cc trng hp cn li th ghi "Hng.
F(AND(B2>=10,C2>=5),"u", "Hng")
A ' C %
c. H m $ 5 :
- C php:
$5'FiGu h9c /i0u "in 1. FiGu h9c /i0u "in 2....*
- Cng dung: Hm tr v gi trj True (ng) nu c t nht mt bt iu kin ng v
tr v gi trj False nu tt c cc bt iu kin u sai.
- V du: Hy in gi trj cho ct kt qu trong bng muc b. Bit rng:
Nu tng im>=10 47c im Anh vn>=5 th ghi "u
Cc trng hp cn li th ghi "Hng.
,-'$5'I2JK1V.C2JKD*.LMuL. LHNn!L*
d. Hm N$& :
- C php:
N$&'FiGu h9c lE!ic*
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l ph jnh ca biu thc logic
- V du: NOT(2<3) False
C. Nhm hm x l d liu n!W X hn! X nYm:
:. Hm &$U+T :
- C php:
&$U+T' *
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l ngy thng nm ca h thng
- V du:
F. Hm N$ Z :
- C php:
NO)( )
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l ngy thng nm v gi - pht ca h thng
- V du:
c. Hm U +T :
- C php:
%A*(+,-. /h01 ng23 4 /h5ng 4 n6m)
- Cng dung: Tr v phn 0gG ca biu thc ngy thng nm
- V du: DA(TODA( ))
d. Hm 1 $N&H :
- C php:
MONTH(+,-. /h01 ng23 4 /h5ng 4 n6m)
- Cng dung: Tr v phn 2C0g ca biu thc ngy thng nm.
- V du: MONTH(TODA( ))
[. Hm T4+ 5 :
- C php:
*(A7(+,-. /h01 ng23 4 /h5ng 4 n6m)
- Cng dung: Tr v phn nm ca biu thc ngy thng nm.
- V du: EAR(TODA( ))
F. Hm Z44AU+ T :
- C php:
)((8%A*(+,-. /h01 ng23 4 /h5ng 9 n6m ! :,-. /;< =>)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj l () 2" 2H ca biu thc ngy -thng nm trong mt
tun ty thuc vo kiu tr v:
Nu kiu tr v l
1
(hoc khng c) th ch nht c xem l ngy u tin
trong tun v c nh s th tu theo bng sau:
Th0 CN
?TT
V du: Gi s A1 cha ngy 3002006 (tc ch nht) th:
Z44AU+T'+1* Q 1
Nu kiu tr v l
2
th th 2 c xem l ngy u tin trong tun v c
nh STT theo bng sau:
Th0
?TT
V du: Gi s A2 cha gi trj ngy 3102006 (tc th 2) th
Z44AU+T'+2* Q 1
Nu kiu tr v l
3
th th 2 c xem l ngy u tin trong tun v v c
nh STT theo bng sau:
Th0
?TT @
V du: Gi s A2 cha gi trj ngy 3102006 (th 2) th
Z44AU+T'+2* Q V
S. Nhm hm x l d liu !i\ X ph X !i]W:
:. H m 74C$N U :
- C php:
?(CON%(+,-. /h01 g,A 9 BhC/ 9 g,D3)
- Cng dung: Tr v phn giy ca biu thc gi - pht - giy
- V du: Gi s ti D5 cha ga trj 0:30:20 th:
SECOND(D5) 20
F. Hm 1,N%&4 :
- C php:
MINUT((+,-. /h01 g,A 9 BhC/ 9 g,D3)
- Cng dung: Tr v phn pht ca biu thc gi - pht - giy
- V du: Gi s ti D5 cha ga trj 0:30:20 th:
MNUTE(D5) 30
c. H m H$% 5 :
- C php:
HOU7(+,-. /h01 g,A 9 BhC/ 9 g,D3 )
- Cng dung: Tr v phn gi ca biu thc gi - pht - giy
- V du: Gi s ti D5 cha ga trj 0:30:20 th:
HOUR(D5)
^. Nhm hm H: c9u:
:. H m 3_$$A% ` :
- C php:
EFOO8UG(n! :h,! m! ;)
- Cng dung: Tin hnh tm gi trj n trong ct u tin ca khi v ly gi trj tong
ng trn ct th m.
Nu r=0 (hoc FALSE) th tm gi trj chnh xc bng vi n. Nu khng tm thy
th tr v li NA (li khng tm thy)
V du: in gi trj cho ct Phu cp trong bng di dua vo chc vu v tr
bng 1
3_$$A%`'C2.B-B3:B6BS.2.V*
A ' C %
( F G
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Nu r=1 (hoc TRUE) th ct u tin ca /)% phi c sp xp tng dn v
lc nu khng tm thy gi trj chnh xc vi n s ly gi trj tong ng gn ca n.
V du: in gi trj cho ct Xp loi trong bng sau dua vo TB v tra bng
tra
3_$$A%`'C2.B-B2:B6BD.2.1*
A ' C %
1
2
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F. Hm H_$$A% ` :
HLOOKUP c c php v cng dung tong tu VLOOKUP nhng c dng trong
trng hp bng tra c b) 23> 2e4 0g 0ga0g thay v theo hng doc nh
VLOOKUP.
V du: in gi trj cho ct Phu cp trong bng muc a dua vo chc vu v tr
bng 2
H_$$A%`'C2.BCB13:B6B1>.2.V*
c. Hm 1 +&CH :
- C php:
MATCH(n! 8h,! ;)
- Cng dung: Tr v () 2" 2H ca n trong khi. Trong , r c ngha tong tu r
trong hm VLOOKUP.
- V du: Hy xc jnh vj tr ca nhn vin tn Chi trong ct B ca hnh 1 muc a:
1+&CH'PChiO. I2:I11.V* Q S
d. Hm ,NU4 2 :
- C php:
IN%(H(8h,! m! n)
- Cng dung: Tr v gi trj ca nm giao ca hng m v ct n trong /)%.
- V du: Hy xc jnh gi thu phng Loi B tng 3 trong bng sau l bao nhiu
,NU42'BCB3:B4BD.2.3*
260
A ' C % (
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