Bai Giang Mon Bao Ve Role - Dung Cho in An

BO V RLE TRONG H THNG IN
B mn H thng in Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

2/7/2012
Ging vin: Nguyn Xun Tng

tunghtd@gmail.com
cng mn hc
2
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN
Gii thiu chung Chng 1: Chng 2: Chng 3: Chng 4: Chng 5: Chng 6: Chng 7: Chng 9: Cc phn t chnh ca h thng bo v rle Nguyn l bo v qu dng in Nguyn l bo v so lch dng in Nguyn l bo v khong cch Cc nguyn l bo v khc Bo v cc ng dy ti in Bo v cc my bin p Bo v cc h thng t b & khng b
Nguyn Tng v Bm H thng in Chng 8: XunBo cc h thng thanh gp HBK HN
Chng 10: Bo v cc my pht & ng c
Phn m u Gii thiu chung
Khi nim chung

4
S cn thit phi c h thng bo v t ng

Cc s c din ra vi tc nh sng Thi im & nguyn nhn gy s c khng bit trc
Ging st, hng cch in, cnh cy va chm
Phn x ca con ngi khng th kp thi Cc thao tc trong tnh hung khn cp khng m bo chnh xc..
Cn thit phi c h thng bo v t ng cch ly cc phn t b s c h thng bo v rle (BVRL) Rle bo v l thit b: Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in
HN T ng ghi HBK nhn & phn ng:
Tnh trng lm vic khng bnh thng ca cc thit b v h thng
Cch ly cc phn t b s c (ct my ct - MC)
Khi nim chung

5
Thit b bo v n gin nht l cc cu ch (cu chy), aptomat
Khi nim chung

6
Thit b bo v phc tp hn l cc rle vi cc nguyn l khc nhau:

Rle qu dng, so lch, khong cch
Rle tri qua nhiu th h pht trin
Rle in c
Rle tnh (bn dn)
Rle k thut s
Cc yu cu i vi h thng BVRL
7
Tin cy
L kh nng m bo thit b lm vic ng khi c s c v khng tc ng ch bnh thng
Chn lc
Pht hin loi tr ng phn t b s c
N1 N2nhnh N2 N3
I>
I>
I>
S c ti N3: ch yu cu BV3 tc ng, cc BV cn li s tr v khi s c b Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in loi tr HBK HN S c ti N2nhnh: ch BV ti nhnh tc ng m bo chn lc
Vi cc li in c cu hnh phc tp:

S dng cc nguyn l bo v phc tp hn
8
Tc ng nhanh
Gim thiu tc hi ca s c Cc bo v tc ng nhanh: thi gian tc ng 50ms Yu cu chn lc & tc ng nhanh: mu thun vi nhau trong mt s trng hp
N1 N2 N3
I>
I>
I>
m bo chn lc: tbv1> tbv2 > tbv3

X l: m bo sao cho thit hi ti ph ti l nh nht Dng cc nguyn l bo v khc
9
nhy
c trng cho kh nng cm nhn s c ca rle H s nhy Kn: Kn=
Gi tr rle o c khi s c Gi tr khi ng ca rle
Bo v chnh : Knmin= 1,52 Bo v d phng: Knmin= 1,21,5
Tnh kinh t
Li in phn phi: s dng cc bo v qu dng n gin Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HN dng bo v so lch dc, bo v khong cch, hai Li truyn HBK ti: s b bo v chnh My bin p h p: bo v bng cu ch My bin p truyn ti: bo v bng bo v so lch
C cu ca mt h thng bo v
10
S cu trc ca h thng BVRL

Bin dng in (BI) My ct in
ti ti
Tip im ph MC Cun ct Ngun thao tc
+
Kha iu khin
Rle
Knh thng tin
Bin in p (BU)
Vi cc h thng quan trng: s dng h thng d phng kp

Hai cun ct Hai mch cp ngun thao tc ring, hai bo v
11
Chng 01 Cc phn t chnh ca h thng bo v
1.1
12
My bin dng in
Tn gi chung: BI, CT, TI Nhim v:
Bin i t l dng in s cp th cp (5A hoc 1 A) Cch ly mch s cp v th cp To s phi hp dng in gia cc pha
BI cao p
BI h p
S nguyn l
1.1
13
My bin dng in
S thay th
Zcun th cp
Vth cp
BI l tng
Sai s ca BI xut hin do tn ti ca dng t ha in p xut hin pha th cp Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN Vth cp=Ith cp*(Zcun th cp+Zdy dn ph + Zthit b ni vo) Ti tng BI Vth cp tng tng dng t ho Ie tng sai s ca
1.1
14
My bin dng in
Qui c cc tnh
Cn thit vi : bo v lm vic da theo hng dng in. Cc tnh cng tn c nh du : hnh sao, chm trn, chm vung... Trn bn v: cc tnh cng tn v cnh nhau.
Xc nh nhanh cc tnh BI:

Coi chiu dng in i t pha s cp qua Nguyn Xuni Tng Bm H thng in rle khng chiu
HBK HN
Rle
1.1
15
My bin dng in
Qui c cc tnh
1.1
16
B lc dng inth t khng (I0)

u ni BI lc thnh phn TTK
Dng 3 BI ring bit
Ia
V rt gn
Ib 3I0 Ic I a + I b + I c = 3I0 Role
Role
Do s dng 3 BI ring bit nn s c sai s gia cc BI Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in ch bnh pha s cp l i xng: lun c dng in chy qua HBKthng, HN rle do sai s ca BI Ch s dng o dng chm t ln dng mng in c dng chm t ln: mng in trung tnh ni t trc tip
1.1
17
B lc dng inth t khng (I0)

Dng BI th t khng (Flux Summation CT hoc Core Balance CT)

Bin dng c mt li t hnh xuyn Cun dy c phn b u trn li Dy dn s cp chy xuyn qua li t (ng knh trong 1025 cm)
u sai
u ng
1.1
18
My bin dng in
BI th t khng u ng: dy ni t v cp chy xuyn qua li t Ngc li - u sai: dng in chy qua v cp c th trit tiu dng in s c (hon ton hoc mt phn) v rle c th khng nhn c thng tin s c.
1.1
19
My bin dng in
ng dng ca BI th t khng
Do ch s dng mt li t sai s o lng rt nh S dng cho cc mng in c dng chm t nh (mng in c trung tnh cch in hoc ni t qua cun dp h quang)
Do c 3 pha chy qua li t ng knh li t ln kch thc BI ln thch hp trang b vi ng cp hoc u cc my pht in
1.1
20
ng dng thc t ca BI th t khng
Bo v chng chm t nhy cao (Aptomat chng git)
1.1
21
My bin dng in
Ti danh nh & Cp chnh xc Mt BI: c nhiu cun th cp - phc v cc mc ch khc nhau. Ti danh nh v chnh xc ca cc cun th cp ny tu thuc vo loi ti. Cc dng c o (kW, KVar, A, kWh, kVArh):
Yu cu chnh xc trong ch ti bnh thng hoc nh mc. Phm vi hot ng chnh xc trong khong 5120% ca dng in Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng chnh xc thng l: in 0.2 hoc 0.5 vi chun IEC HBK HN Hoc 0.15 hoc 0.3 hoc 0.6 vi chun IEEE.
1.1
22
My bin dng in
BI dng cho mc ch o lng
Vi mc ch o lng
Li t s bo ha nhanh bo v cc dng c o khi dng in s c tng t bin.
Cp chnh xc
Sai s gii hn
Ti % dng nh mc Sai s ln % Sai s gc pha (pht)
ng dng
Phng th nghim
o m chnh xc
BI dng cho o lng c k hiu theo:

Cp chnh xc
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in Cng sut nh mc HBK HN
o m chnh xc
o m thng mi
o m chnh xc
1.1
23
My bin dng in
BI dng cho h thng bo v rle Vi mc ch bo v rle & ghi s c:
chnh xc thp hn so vi loi dng cho mc ch o lng in p bo ho cao hn (kh b bo ho) Cp chnh xc:
5P, 10P hoc PR, PX hoc TP (IEC) C100-800 (IEEE).
1.1
24
My bin dng in
Tm hiu thng s ca BI
Vi mc ch bo v rle C thm thng s ALF: h s gii hn dng in theo chnh xc V d: BI dng cho mc ch bo v c k hiu 5P20 30VA
Cp chnh xc
Ti % ti nh mc
Sai s gii hn
Ti % dng nh mc Sai s ln % Sai s gc pha (pht)
ng dng
Chun ha dng c o trong cng nghip ng h o ng h o Bo v rle Bo v rle
Cp chnh xc 5P
Bo v rle
Cng sut nh mc 30VA
P: dng cho mc ch bo v rle (Protection)
H s gii hn dng: 20
Ti 20 ln dng nh mc, BI vn m bo sai s theo tiu chun
1.1
25
My bin dng in
Tm hiu thng s ca BI
Vi mc ch bo v rle 5P20 30VA
1.1
26
My bin dng in
Thc t, mi BI c th c:
1 hoc 2 cun th cp - Mc ch o lng 2 ti 4 cun th cp - ng dng bo v rle.
Cun s cp
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN Cc cun th cp
1.1
27
My bin dng in
Thit k BI ph bin Li t v cun dy nm trong thng cha thp gn vi t (Dead tank type), dy th cp chy un theo hnh ch U Li t v cun dy nm trong thng cha pha trn nh (Live tank type), dy th cp thng chy thng qua li t. Loi hn hp
1.1
28
My bin dng in
BI loi thng cha bn di (Dead tank)
Trng tm thp, n nh v mt c kh C th ch to vi li t loi to m khng gy qu ti v mt c kh i vi s cch in Dy s cp c chiu di ln nn gy pht nng nhiu hn hn ch v dng n nh nhit (ln nht 63kA/1 Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in giy)
HBK HN
1.1
29
My bin dng in
BI loi thng cha bn trn (Live tank)
Dy dn s cp ngn, gim pht nhit C dng nh mc v dng n nh nhit cao hn Trng tm cao hn, km n nh v mt c kh so vi loi thng cha di (dead tank) Khi ch to vi li t ln c th gy ti trng ln v mt c kh i vi s cch in. KhNguyn lm Xun mt cc cun th Tng Bm H thng incp
Loi hn hp
HBK HN
1.2
30
My bin in p
Nhim v
Bin i t l in p s cp sang in p th cp theo tiu chun (100V hoc 110V) Cch ly mch s cp v cc thit b, ngi vn hnh bn th cp
Qui c cc tnh
Cc tnh cng tn c nh du : hnh sao, chm trn, chm vung... Trn bn v: cc tnh cng tn v cnh nhau.
1.2
31
My bin in p (BU)
in p danh nh s cp v th cp
BU ngoi tri thng s dng in p pha:
in p danh nh ca cun s cp l in p danh nh ca li in.
ng dng o lng: phm vi in p lm vic: 80120% ng dng bo v rle: t 0.05 1.5 hoc 1.9 ln in p danh nh.
1.2
32
My bin in p (BU)
BU kiu t phn p
BU loi cm ng in t thng thng
La chn kinh t nht i vi cp in p ti 145kV
BU kiu t phn p (CVT Coupled Voltage Transformer)

La chn khi dng cp cao p Thng c s dng kt hp vi h thng thng tin ti ba PLC
u cao p
T phn Nguyn Xun Tng p Bm H thng in
HBK HN
in khng b
Mch dp dao ng cng hng
u ra BU cm ng thng thng
1.2
33
My bin in p (BU)
Cu trc BU kiu t phn p
1. 2. 5. 7. 8. Bnh gin du Cc phn t t phn p in khng b Cun dy s cp v th cp u cc cao p
1.2
34
My bin in p (BU)
BU kiu t phn p in khng b: c tnh ton trit tiu thnh phn dung khng ca t phn p
Tng tr ngun nhn t pha ti l xp x 0 ln nht B dch pha do t phn p gy ra cng sut u ra ly ra
Mch gim dao ng cng hng: l in tr ti, c th ni cun tam gic h
1.2
35
My bin in p (BU)
Cc loi BU H s gii hn in p Vf
Khi xy ra s c trong HT: Upha c th tng ln ti mt gi tr l Vf ln Udanh nh. Tiu chun IEC a ra cc gi tr h s Vf nh sau:
1.9 i vi cc h thng c trung tnh khng ni t trc tip 1.5 i vi cc h thng c trung tnh ni t trc tip
Li t ca cc bin in p khng c php bo ho khi in p tng ti cp in p gii hn theo h s Vf.

1.2
36
My bin in p (BU)
Cp chnh xc theo tiu chun IEC 60044-2
Cp chnh xc Sai s gii hn
ng dng
Ti % ti nh mc Ti % in p nh mc Sai s ln % Sai s gc pha (pht) Phng th nghim o m chnh xc
o m tiu chun Chun ha dng c o trong cng nghip
ng h o Bo v rle Bo v rle
Vf: H s gii hn in p
Cng sut danh nh (cos=0,8)

10, 15, 25, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500 VA
1.2
37
My bin in p (BU)
B lc in p TTK (U0) Cch u ni BU cho mc ch bo v rle
in p TTK ly ra t cun tam gic h
1.2
38
My bin in p (BU)
B lc in p TTK (U0) Chn t s bin p cho cun tam gic h
Trung tnh cch in
T s bin c th l:
1.2
39
My bin in p (BU)
B lc in p TTK (U0) Chn t s bin p cho cun tam gic h
Trung tnh ni t trc tip
Vect in p khi xy ra s c chm t mt pha trong mng c trung tnh ni t trc tip
T s bin c th l:
1.3
40
Ngun thao tc
Hin nay ch yu s dng h thng acqui
1.3
41
Ngun thao tc
Cung cp nng lng cho:
Cung cp nng lng trong trng hp mt in t pha h thng Cp nng lng cho cc thit b bo v rle Cc thit b iu khin, chiu sng khn cp Nng lng thao tc ng/ct my ct...
Ngun thao tc phi m bo yu cu:

c lp vi ch h thng Dung lng ln, chi ph thp H thng acqui p ng c cc yu cu ny
1.3
42
Ngun thao tc
Cc loi acqui ph bin
Acqui acid
Cc bn cc l Pb (cc dng) v PbO2 (cc m) in th mt ngn l 2V
1.3
43
Ngun thao tc
Cc loi acqui ph bin
Acqui kim
Bn cc l bt Niken (+) v bt Cadimi (-) in th mt ngn: 1,2V D bo dng, tui th cao di hn (1015 ln acqui acid), chi ph ban u t hn
1.3
44
Ngun thao tc
Ch np
Np duy tr
Lun duy tr dng np nh gi in p acqui khng thp qu 2,25V & 1,35 V cho acqui acid v kim Dng np duy tr khng ln trnh to bt kh
Np b sung
Lun gi in p khng qu 2,25 & 1,35V cho mi ngn
1.3
45
Ngun thao tc
S dng nng lng b t
Cung cp nng lng ch trong khong thi gian ngn
Tip im t rle ra
Ngun cho h thng rle
1.4
46
Knh thng tin trong h thng in

Knh thng tin chnh
OPGW: Cp quang Microwavew link: thng tin v tuyn (viba) ng in thoi ni b v chung H thng ti ba (PLC)
1.4
47

H thng ti ba
S dng chnh ng dy ti in truyn tn hiu thng tin, iu khin Thch hp khi cn trao i thng tin gia cc trm bin p v cc ng dy truyn ti thng c sn
B chn Thanh gp ti trm B chn Thanh gp ti trm
B cng hng
T/P
thu/pht
T/P
B thu/pht
B cng hng
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in B HBK HN
B chn: ngn tn hiu suy hao thng qua in dung thanh gp B cng hng: c tng tr cao ti tn s dng in cng nghip v tng tr rt thp ti tn s tn hiu
1.4
48

H thng ti ba
B chn
T/P
1.4
49
Rle
Rle c (c phn chuyn ng quay) Da trn nguyn tc bin i in c Dng in chy qua cc cun dy s sinh ra lc t tc ng ti cc c cu, chi tit tha hnh khc. Tn gi xut pht t nguyn l lm vic C th phn loi theo chng loi:
Cun ht np t s dng ph bin nht a chuyn ng (cc cng t) Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in Cm ng, rle nhit.. HBK HN
1.4
50
Rle
Rle c (c phn chuyn ng quay)
Hot ng vi dng in ac hoc dc Tiu

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN th cng sut ln
Thi gian tc ng ko di do qun tnh cc phn quay
1.4
51
Rle
Rle c (c phn chuyn ng quay)
Rle qu dng vi c tnh thi gian ph thuc
1.4
52
Rle
Rle tnh (khng c phn chuyn ng quay)
S dng cc thit b bn dn Tiu
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK th cng sut tHN hn
n chc nng, khng c kh nng kt ni
1.4
53
Rle
Rle k thut s
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN tnh cng Tng t nh mt my
nghip
Tiu th cng sut rt nh, c ch ch (standby) a chc nng, c kh nng t gim st Kt ni thnh h thng, iu khin t xa...
1.4
54
Rle
H s tr v ca rle Ktv
Khi dng in chy qua rle tng ln ng tip im rle tc ng
n mt gi tr no rle s
Gi tr dng in ti rle tc ng: dng in khi ng (Ik)
Thc hin thao tc ngc li: gim dn dn dng in qua rle mt gi tr no rle s nh tip im rle tr v
Gi tr dng in ti rle tr v: dng in tr v (Itv)
H s tr v Ktv=
Rle c
Itv Ik
: Ktv=0,80,85
Rle tnh, rle s: Ktv=0,90,95
55
Chng 02 Nguyn l bo v qu dng in (I>)
2.1
56
Nguyn l bo v qu dng c thi gian

Bo v qu dng (I> hoc 50 & 51):
Chng li cc dng s c qu dng mt pha, hai pha & ba pha v s c chm t.
Bo v khi ng khi:
Dng in ca mt pha, hai pha hoc c ba pha vt qu mt gi tr c ci t trc trong rle.
C th lm vic gian tr m bo tnh chn lc Nguyn Xun Tng vi Bm Hthi thng in

HBK HN
Thi gian tr c th l c lp so vi dng in hoc ph thuc vo dng in hai loi c tnh thi gian tc ng
2.1
57

Bo v qu dng vi c tnh thi gian c lp:
Thi gian lm vic (tr) ca bo v khng ph thuc vo ln dng ngn mch
+
2.1
58

Bo v qu dng vi c tnh thi gian ph thuc:
Thi gian lm vic: ph thuc t l nghch vo ln ca dng in ngn mch Trong thc t th thi gian tc ng t l vi t s Ingn mch/ Ikhi ng
2.1.1
59
Tnh ton dng khi ng

Phi khng khi ng ch bnh thng
iu kin
Phi khi ng vi dng s c nh nht ( nhy) m bo tnh chn lc
Xt li in c hai phn on
Dng lm vic gi thit ang ln nht (Ilvmax)
TG1
TG2 C
I>
Ilv max
I>
2 C
2.1.1 Tnh
60
ton dng khi ng

TG2 C Ilv max t
TG1
N2
Itv BV1
BV2 ct MC ng c m my li
I>
I>
2 C
Im my Ilv max
S c ti N2
Itv ca BV1 > Im my
1.
Thi im t1: xy ra s c ti N2:

1. 2.
Dng in tng ln Sau gim i mt cht sau giai on qu in p TG2 gim i cc ng c gim tc
Dng in (A)
t1
BV1 & BV2 khi ng
t2
Dng ngn mch b ct Xut hin dng m my BV1 phi tr v - Dng m thi gian phi chn Itv ca BV1 > Im my
2. 3.
BV1 & BV2 khi ng Nguyn Xun Tng m Bm H thi thng gian in Ti thi im t2: BV2 ct my ct, loi tr s c
1. 2. 3.
HBK HN
Dng in gim i do s c c loi tr in p TG2 hi phc cc ng c m my tr li xut hin dng in m my ln Dng in m my gim dn theo thi gian n gi tr n nh BV1 phi dng m thi gian d ang c dng m my BV1 phi tr v
2.1.1 Tnh
61
ton dng khi ng

t
Itv BV1 Im my Ilv max
Itv ca BV1 > Im my
t1
t2
m bo iu kin Itv > Im my ta t Itv=Kat*Im my

H s an ton Kat ty chn: Kat=1,11,3
Biu din dng m my dng Nguyn Xun Tng Bmtheo H thng in lm vic ln nht: Im my = Kmm*Ilv max
HBK H s m my Kmm tyHN thuc vo nhiu yu t: v tr t ng c so vi v tr tbo v, s lng, chng loi ng c...
T : Itv=Kat*Im my= Kat* Kmm*Ilv max Theo nh ngha ca h s tr v Ktv=Itv/Ik Ik=
Itv Ktv
Ik=
Kat* Kmm *Ilv max Ktv
Cng thc cui cng tnh dng khi ng
2.1.2 Tnh
62
ton thi gian lm vic
m bo tnh chn lc gia cc bo v bng phn cp thi gian Tn gi: bo v qu dng lm vic c thi gian (I> hay 51) Nguyn tc:
Khi c s c c th nhiu bo v cng khi ng Tuy nhin, bo v gn ch s c nht s phi tc ng trc
N2
I> 1
I> 2
Nguyn Tng Bm H thng in & BV1 c th cng khi ng S c tiXun N2: BV2 khi ng cng HBK HN m thi gian BV2 phi tc ng loi tr s c, BV1 khi s tr v t thi gian tBV2<tBV1 hoc c th vit tBV1=tBV2 + t
2.1.2 Tnh
63
ton thi gian lm vic
BV2 phi tc ng loi tr s c, BV1 khi s tr v t thi gian tBV2<tBV1 hoc c th vit tBV1=tBV2 + t Bc phn cp thi gian t=0.30.6 giy tnh ti cc yu t:
Sai s thi gian ca rle: rle khng th vn hnh chnh xc ng theo c tnh l thuyt xy dng Thi gian ct my ct: do nh sn xut cung cp Thi gian qu tc ng ca rle (overshoot): l hin tng rle c ngt in nhng vn tip tc vn hnh thm mt khong thi gian rt ngn na. L do: cc rle vn cn lu tr nng lng: vi rle c th a quay c qun tnh, rle tnh vn cn nng lng tch ly trong t in Sai s ca cc in BI c sai s rle vn hnh nhanh hn hoc chm Nguyn Xun bin Tng dng: Bm H thng HBK HN hn (nu rle s dng c tnh c lp th khng cn xt ti yu t ny). Thm mt phn thi gian d tr
Nu nhiu phn on: lm tng thi gian loi tr s c ca cc bo v gn ngun nhc im

S dng c tnh ph thuc
2.1.3 La
64
chn c tnh lm vic
Phi hp cc bo v bng c tnh ph thuc

Phc tp hn
I>
I> 2
I> 3
t
2
3 L (km)
C nhiu loi c tnh ph thuc

Khc nhau v dc (mc ph thuc)
Standard Inverse (SI): dc tiu chun Very Inverse (VI): rt dc Extremely Inverse (EI): cc k dc
2.1.3 Tnh
65
ton thi gian lm vic
Phm vi s dng ca cc c tnh ph thuc

Standard Inverse (SI): c tnh dc bnh thng
S dng trong hu ht cc trng hp cn phi gia cc bo v
Very Inverse (VI): c tnh rt dc

S dng khi ln dng in s c dc ng dy cn bo v thay i mnh.
Extremely Inverse (EI): c tnh cc dc

Thi gian tc ng t l nghch vi bnh phng ca dng in. Nguyn Xun Bmcc H thng in ng dyTng mang ti c dng khi ng t bin thi im u v d nh HBK HN t lnh, my bm, ng c ln... Phi hp vi cc cu ch hoc cc thit b t ng li.
2.2
66
Nguyn l bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay I>>)

Nguyn tc: m bo tnh chn lc bng phn cp dng in S c ti phn on no: ch bo v ti c php khi ng
Cc bo v khng cn phi hp thi gian Thi gian tc ng t xp x 0 giy (thng t 5080ms) tn gi: bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay I>>) Do cch chn lc bng dng in dng in khi ng tnh theo: Ik=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi vng max (H s Kat=1,11,2) Khng bo v c ton b i tng Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN chnh khng s dng lm bo v
2.2
67
Nguyn l bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay I>>)

Vng c bo v ct nhanh
Ik=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi vng max (H s Kat=1,11,2)
Dng ngn mch gim dn khi im ngn mch i xa ngun ln dng ngn mch ph thuc vo ch ca h thng V ng cong biu din dng ngn mch Inmax & Inmin dc ng dy
I>
IN
1 Ik BV1
I> 2
Ik BV2 Inmax Lct nhanh min=0 Inmax

L(km)
Lct nhanh min Lct nhanh max Lct nhanh max
2.3
68
Nguyn l bo v qu dng c hng (67)

Xt li in cp ngun t hai pha
N1
HT1
I> 1
2 I>
I> 3
4 I>
I> 5
6 I>
HT2
tBV3<tBV2
S c xy ra ti N1: c th BV3 & BV2 khi ng

m bo chn lc: yu cu BV3 tc ng trc BV2 phi t tBV3<tBV2
S c xy ra ti N2: c th BV2 & BV3 khi ng

N2
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in I> 1 HBK HN 2 I> I> HT1
4 I>
I> 5
6 I>
HT2
tBV3>tBV2 m bo chn lc: yu cu BV2 tc ng trc BV3 phi t tBV2<tBV3
Mu thun: khng th ci t thi gian cho cc bo v
2.3
69
Gii php: s dng bo v qu dng loi c nh hng Bo v qa dng c hng ch tc ng khi:

Dng in chy qua bo v theo hng qui nh (hng dng thng qui c t thanh gp ng dy) + Dng in vt qua gi tr khi ng ca bo v
I>
I> = I> + W
C th phn chia ra 2 nhm bo v
HT1
I> 1
2 I>
I> 3
4 I>
I> 5
6 I>
HT2
2.3
70

V phng din bo v rle: ng dy hai ngun cp mch hnh tia
hai
HT1
I> 1
2 I>
I> 3
4 I>
I> 5
6 I>
HT2
HT1
I> 1
I> 3 1
I> 5 tBV5 0,5
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in 1,5 =tBV3 + t tBV1 tBV3=tBV5 + t HBK HN
2 I> 0,3 tBV2
4 I> 0,8 tBV4=tBV2+ t
6 I>
HT2
1,3 tBV6=tBV4 + t
2.3
71

Kim tra s lm vic ca bo v:
N1
HT1
I> 1 1,5
2 I> 0,3
I> 3 1
4 I> 0,8
I> 5 0,5
6 I> 1,3
HT2
Nguyn Xun Tng N2 Bm H thng in HBK HN
HT1
I> 1 1,5
2 I> 0,3
I> 3 1
4 I> 1,3 0,8
I> 5 0,5
6 I>
HT2
2.4
72
Bo v qu dng c kha in p thp (51&27)

Tn gi khc 51V L do s dng
ng dy di Dng ngn mch cui ng dy nh Bo v khng Dng khi ng Mang ti nng ca bo v ln
Ik=
nhy
Kat* Kmm *Ilv max Ktv
S dng thm khu phn bit gia s c v qu ti bng in p (kha in p thp)

Khi s c: in p gim thp hn Khi qu ti (nng): in p vn nm trong ngng cho php
2.4
73
Bo v qu dng c kha in p thp (51&27)

Tn gi khc 51V
Khng c kha in p (51) C kha in p thp (51 & 27)
Ct MC
Ct MC
I>
Gi tr khi ng
Ilv max
BU
I> U<
Ilv max
Kat* Kmm HBK HN Ik= Ktv *Ilv max
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in
Kat* Kmm Ik= Ktv *Ilv bnh thng o Dng khi ng nh hn o nhy cao hn
2.5
74
Bo v qu dng th t khng (I0> hay 51N)

S dng b lc dng in th t khng Tnh ton dng khi ng
ch bnh thng:
Ia
Ib
V l thuyt: dng qua rle bng 0 I a + I b + I c = 3I0 Thc t: do cc BI c sai s dng in qua rle khc 0 Role rle khng tc ng: t dng khi ng ln hn dng in sinh ra do sai s ny Gi tr ci t: Ikhi ng 51N=(0,10,3)Inh mc BI
Ic
Ch s c: dng in qua rle tng gp nhiu ln bo v tc Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in ng HBK HN Do gi tr khi ng t thp bo v c nhy cao
Thi gian lm vic:

Phi hp vi cc bo v qu dng th t khng khc
Phn bit chc nng I> & I>> (51 & 50)
75
Bo v qu dng
Khi ng khi: Ingn mch >Ikhi ng
Bo v qu dng c thi gian (I> hay 51)

Dng khi ng tnh theo dng lm vic ln nht (Ilvmax)
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in Khi xy ra s HBK c c th c bo HN v ti ch v bo v pha trn cng khi ng
Bo v qu dng ct nhanh (I>> hay 50)

Dng khi ng tnh theo dng ngn mch ngoi ln nht (In ngoi max) Khi xy ra s c: ch bo v ti phn on s c khi ng Khng cn phi hp thi gian (ct nhanh) Khng bo v c ton b i tng ch l bo v d phng
m bo tnh chn lc: phi hp phn cp thi gian (t) C th dng lm bo v chnh
76
Chng 03 Nguyn l bo v so lch dng in (I)
Nguyn l
77
So snh tng dng in i vo & i ra ca i tng c bo v: tng dng in ny khc 0 bo v tc ng.
Thit b
Irle=
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in Bnh thng HBK HN
Ch bnh thng:
Dng in chy qua rle nh hnh v Dng chy qua rle: l dng chnh lch do sai s ca BI cc pha
Nguyn l
78
Ch s c ngoi vng:
Dng in l dng s c c gi tr ln sai s BI ln hn Phn b dng in tng t ch bnh thng Dng in chy qua rle s ln chnh nh rle khng tc ng dng khi ng ln, gim nhy
Vng bo v: gii hn bi v tr t cc BI
Thit b
S c ngoi
Nguyn l
79
Ch s c trong vng:
Dng in chy qua rle bng tng dng hai pha rle s tc ng ngay
S c trong vng
c gi tr ln
Irle=
Thit b
Nguyn l
80
Tng kt:
Thit b
Bm H thng in + Irle=Nguyn + Xun Tng I = rle HBK HN
Irle=
Bnh thng
S c ngoi
S c trong
Dng in chy qua rle l do sai s BI
Dng in chy qua rle l tng dng s c
Bo v so lch c hm
81
Bo v rle so lch thng thng cc rle c th tc ng nhm do:

Sai s ln ca cc BI khi ngn mch ngoi Chuyn u p...
Bo v so lch c hm: hot ng da theo t hp ca hai loi dng in so lch (Isl) & hm (Ih):
S c ngoi vng: dng hm c gi tr ln dng so lch nh S c trong vng: dng hm nh - Dng so lch ln.
Bo v so lch c hm
82
T hp dng in cho bo v rle so lch c hm

S dng cc bin dng trung gian (BITG) T hp thm ra dng in hm (Ih)
Bo v so lch c hm
83
T hp dng in cho bo v rle so lch c hm
Vit phng trnh cn bng sc t ng cho cc BITG

BITG2 BITG1
I1*w1-I1*w1=Isl*w2 Chn w1=w2HBK HN Isl=I1 - I2

I1*w3+I2*w4=Ih*w5 Chn w3= w4= w w5=2*w Ih=0,5*( I1 + I2)
Tng qut: Ih=Kh*(I1+I2) Kh: h s hm, c th iu chnh thay i theo s vng cun w5
Bo v so lch c hm
84
Bng cch s dng BI trung gian, c th to ra t hp Xt s vn hnh Bo v so lch c hm

I1
100% (I1+I2)
I sl =( I1 I 2 ) I h = K h ( I1 + I 2 )
100% (I1+I2)
Isl
I1
I2
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in Ih=Kh* (I HBK 1+I2)HN
Ih=Kh* (I1+I2)
Isl
(Ih)> (Isl) bo v khng tc ng
I2
(Ih)< (Isl) bo v tc ng
Ch bnh thng hoc s c ngoi
Ch s c trong vng
Bo v so lch c hm
85
La chn h s hm
Tng h s hm (Kh): rle hm tt nhy tc ng ca rle km i. Hiu ng ngc li khi gim h s hm
I1
100% (I1+I2)
100% (I1+I2)
Isl
H s hm c th c iu chnh bng thay i s Nguyn Xun cch Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN vng dy cun w5.
Ih=Kh* (I1+I2) Ih=Kh* (I1+I2)
Isl
I2
Bo v so lch c hm
86
Rle c: h s hm l c nh Rle s: thay i
Bo v so lch c hm
87
Rle minh ha
Rle so lch s dng a quay (loi 1 pha)
Rle so lch RQ4, sn xut bi hng AEG giai on 19501960
88
Chng 04 Nguyn l bo v tng tr thp Z< (bo v khong cch)
Nguyn l hot ng
89
Bo v khong cch da trn cc gi tr dng in v in p ti im t rle xc nh tng tr s c Nu tng tr s c ny nh hn gi tr tng tr ca ng dy ci t trong rle th rle s tc ng rle tng tr thp Z< (hoc 21) Gi tr tng tr m rle xc nh c ch l mt gi tr gi tng. Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN Do tng tr gm hai thnh phn R & X, nn thun tin s s dng mt phng tng tr biu din s lm vic ca bo v khong cch
Nguyn l hot ng
90
Xt s n gin:
Tnh ton tng tr rle o c trong cc ch Bnh thng: jX ZR(bt)=ZD+Zph ti ZD Z

D
ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng
100%ZD
Zpt R
Nguyn l hot ng
91
Xt s n gin:
Tnh ton tng tr rle o c trong cc ch S c: v d ti 50% ng dy: jX ZR(sc)=ZDs c=50%ZD < ZD Z
D
ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng im lm vic khi s c R
im s c di chuyn vo ng tng tr ng dy
50%ZD Zpt
Nguyn l hot ng
92
c tnh lm vic ca rle khong cch

im lm vic lc bnh thng v khi s c: khi s c im lm vic lun ri vo ng tng tr ng dy c th ch cn ch to c tnh tc ng ca rle l mt ng thng trng vi ng tng tr ng dy
jX c tnh tc ng l mt ng thng ZD ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng im lm vic khi s c R
50%ZD
Zpt
Nguyn l hot ng
93

Do sai s, do s c c th xy ra qua cc tng tr trung gian nn gi tr rle o c khi s c c th ri ra ln cn ng tng tr ng dy. Nu ch ch to c tnh tc ng l mt ng thng th rle c th s khng lm vic trong cc trng hp ny. khc phc th cc nh ch to thng c m rng c tnh tc ng v c hai pha ca ng dy tr thnh vng tc ng.
jX ZD+Zpt c tnh tc Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in ZD ng l mt im HBK HN ng lm vic thng hp lc bnh thng 100%ZD im s c ri ra ngoi rle khng tc ng R c tnh tc ng c m rng jX ZD ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng im s c ri vo vng tc ng R
Nguyn l hot ng
94
Cc dng c tnh thng gp

Thc t, c tnh lm vic c m rng theo nhiu dng khc nhau p ng tt hn vi mi loi s c v ch vn hnh ca h thng
ZD
95
Chng 06 Bo v cc ng dy ti in
Cc loi bo v p dng
96
Vi cc ng dy cao p (li truyn ti)

Bo v chnh: bo v so lch dng in, bo v khong cch Bo v d phng: bo v qu dng
Vi cc ng dy trung p (li phn phi)

Thng s dng cc bo v qu dng (l do kinh t)
Cc bo v ng dy thng c trang b thm chc nng t ng li (79)

Bo v so lch dc ng dy
97
ng dy c chiu di ln phi dng knh truyn gi tn hiu dng in gia cc pha.

ng dy 2 ngun cp
ng dy r nhnh
Knh truyn c th kt ni theo mch vng tng tnh d phng ng nt t
c im
98
Hai loi bo v so lch dng in

T hp dng in 3 pha theo t l hiu ny ca hai pha.
nhy b thay i theo dng s c La chn t s theo tng iu kin c th
mt tn hiu
so snh cc tn
Ly mu dng in ca c 3 pha chuyn thnh tn hiu s chuyn n so snh cng vi u i din.

Knh truyn ch yu l cp quang (PLC khng m bo bng thng)
Nguyn l bo v so lch vi knh truyn tin

99
S tun hon dng in

ng dy cn bo v Rle so lch Cun so lch Cun hm
Bnh thng: dng in chy tun hon qua knh truyn tin c im:
Nguyn Xun Tngtruyn: Bm H thng in nhm H mch knh tc ng HBK HN Ngn mch knh truyn: kha, khng tc ng nhm
Nguyn l bo v so lch vi knh truyn tin

100
S cn bng in p
ng dy cn bo v Rle so lch Cun hm Cun so lch
Bnh thng: dng in khng chy qua knh truyn tin c im:
Nguyn Xun Tngtruyn: Bm H thng in H mch knh kha, khng tc ng nhm HBK HN Ngn mch knh truyn: tc ng nhm
Bo v khong cch (BVKC)

101

c tnh lm vic ca BVKC: l mt min tc ng
jX ZD ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng im s c ri vo vng tc ng
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thngR in L thuyt HBK HN
jX ZD ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng
Ci t thc t
Gi tr chnh nh:
Do sai s ca php o nn vng tc ng khng th t bao trm ton b ng dy Thng t bao trm 8085% chiu di ng dy
Bo v khong cch
102
Cc dng c tnh thng gp

Thc t, c tnh lm vic c m rng theo nhiu dng khc nhau p ng tt hn vi mi loi s c v ch vn hnh ca h thng
ZD
Bo v khong cch
103
Cc vng ci t ca bo v khong cch

Thng c chnh nh vi 3 vng tc ng Vng I: tc ng tc thi Vng II & III: tc ng c tr theo nguyn tc phn cp thi gian, phi hp vi cc bo v lin k
Bo v khong cch
104
Chi tit ci t cc vng ca bo v Vng I

Cc rle c: vng I thng t 80% tng tr ng dy Cc rle s: th gi tr ny c th tng ti 85%. Vic ch t vng I bo v khong 8085% ng dy l trnh hin tng bo v tc ng vt vng vi cc s c ngoi ln cn cui ng dy. Do vng I khng cn phi phi hp vi bt c bo v no nn thi gian tc ng c th t xp x 0 giy.
Bo v khong cch
105
Cc vng ca bo v khong cch Vng II

m bo bo v 100% chiu di ng dy t t nht 120% tng tr ng dy cn bo v. Thng thng vng II c ci t bng 100% tng tr ng dy cn bo v + 50% tng tr ca ng dy ngn nht lin k
Thi gian lm vic ca vng II c phi hp vi vng I vi bc phn cp thi gian t nh trnh by trong phn bo v qu dng.
Bo v khong cch
106
Cc vng ca bo v khong cch Vng III

l vng bo v d phng chng li tt c cc s c trn ng dy lin k Do gi tr khi ng thng t ln hn 20% ca tng tr tnh t v tr t rle ti cui ng dy di nht lin k. Thi gian tc ng ca vng III c phi hp vi thi gian tc ng vng II.
Bo v khong cch
107
Minh ha
ng dy 1 ng dy 2 ng dy 3
1015%
A Ngun
B
Vng I Bo v 1 1015%
Vng I Bo v 2
C Vng I Bo v 3
D
1015%
Vng III t = 2t giy Vng II t = t giy Thanh gp B

Vng I t = 0 giy
Tng tr ng dy
Thanh gp A
Bo v khong cch
108
Cc yu t nh hng n BVKC nh hng ca ti

Ti ca ng dy cng c th biu din di dng tng tr Trn mt phng tng tr: vng ti c rng hay co hp ty theo h s cng sut ca ti Trng hp ng dy di, mang ti nng: vng ti c th chng ln vo c tnh tc ng Vng 3 Vic chng ln ti nh hng Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN n vng 3 ca BVKC
Vng ti
Bo v khong cch
109
Cc yu t nh hng n BVKC nh hng ca ti- Cch x l

Vng 3 m rng c gii hn S dng cc c tnh a gic
B nh hng chng ln ti
Khng b nh hng chng ln ti
Bo v khong cch
110
Cc yu t nh hng n BVKC nh hng ca in tr h quang ti im s c

S c trn ng dy thng km theo h quang H quang c tnh cht in tr (Rhq) in tr h quang ny lm php o tng tr ng dy b sai lch
jX im lm vic Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in lc bnh HBK HN thng im lm vic khi s Zpt c R ZD ZD+Zpt jX ZD ZD+Zpt
Rhq
im lm vic khi s c nm ngoi vng tc ng Zpt R
Rhq=0
Rhq>0
Bo v khong cch
111
Cc yu t nh hng n BVKC nh hng ca in tr h quang ti im s c

Khc phc: S dng c tnh t gic c min tc ng m rng v pha trc R
jX ZD ZD+Zpt jX ZD ZD+Zpt
im lm vic khi sH cthng nmin ngoi Nguyn Xun Tng Bm Rhq HBK HN vng tc ng Zpt R
Rhq
im lm vic khi s c nm trong vng tc ng Zpt R
c tnh MHO
c tnh t gic
Phi hp s lm vic ca cc BVKC

112
Nu khng c s lin h phi hp gia cc bo v hai u ng dy:

S c ti 1015% cui ng dy mi pha s c loi tr vi thi gian ca vng 2 (tr mt khong t)
A HT1
1015%
N2
N1
B HT2
1015%
Khc phc: thc hin lin ng gia cc BVKC thng qua knh truyn

113
Phng thc phi hp

M rng vng 1 Truyn tn hiu cho php ct
Truyn tn hiu ct trc tip Truyn tn hiu cho php ct vi vng 1 khng m rng Truyn tn hiu cho php ct vi vng tc ng m rng
Truyn tn hiu kha

Truyn tn hiu ct trc tip

114
V d phng thc truyn tn hiu cho php khng m rng vng 1:

Gi tn hiu i
Khi vng 1 khi ng o Ct my ct ti ch o Truyn tn hiu cho php ti Tn hiu n t u i din u i din Ti u i din, bo v s tc ng tc thi khi: o khi ng Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN cho php o Nhn c tn hiu ca u i din S ch yu cu mt knh truyn duy nht do ch c mt Vng 1 cn gi tn hiu qua knh truyn
Ct my ct
Cc phng thc bo v c bn
115
V d da theo khuyn co ca hng SIEMENS

Li hnh tia (li phn phi)
Bo v chnh l bo v qu dng (51&51N) Km theo chc nng t ng li (79) Bo v qu dng th t nghch (46): tng nhy vi cc s c khng i xng.
o o o
116

ng dy song song
Bo v chnh l bo v qu dng (51&51N) Chc nng bo v chng qu ti (49) Bo v qu dng th t nghch (46): tng nhy vi cc s c khng i xng. S dng bo v qu dng loi c Nguyn Xundo Tng Bm H thng in hng (67&67N) dng cng sut HBK HN khi ngn mch c th chy theo c hai chiu
o o o
117

ng dy truyn ti
o o
Bo v chnh l bo v khong cch (21&21N) c lin ng Bo v d phng l cc bo v qu dng
118
V d
ng dy truyn ti C ng truyn tin bng thng rng
o o o o
Gm hai b bo v chnh Bo v so lch dc (87L) Bo v khong cch (21&21N) c lin ng Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK C th s dng boHN v qu dng lm d phng
119
Chng 07 Bo v cc my bin p lc
Cc loi s c
120
Phng in s xuyn S c pha-pha, pha-t i vi cun dy cao v h p S c gia cc vng dy trn cng cun dy. S xm m ca hi nc vo du cch in cng l mt yu t gy nn s c. Vi cc my bin p ln ni ti ng dy truyn ti th khi c st nh vo ng dy, sng vi dc u sng ln s i vo trong my bin p v c th gy thng cch in cui cun dy bin p. Nguynmy Xun Tng Bm H thng in
HBK HN
Cc loi s c
121
S c chm chp gia cc vng dy: dng in trong cc vng dy b s c ln nhng dng in ti hai u ca my bin p thay i khng ng k (theo t s vng dy).
Khi mi xy ra s c th ch mt s t vng dy b nh hng, nhng nu khng loi tr nhanh th c th gy s c lan trn.
S c li t: cc trng hp s c vi dng in ln c th gy x lch li t, v lm tng ln dng in xoy, gy pht nhit v c th dn ti s c ln hn. S c thng du chnh my bin p: c th xy ra hin tng r Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in r du lm mc du HBK HN b h thp gy ngu him cho cch in v lm mt my bin p. Hng b chuyn i u phn p (OLTC)
Cc loi s c
122
Dng t ha khi ng khng ti Khi ng my bin p khng ti c th xut hin dng t ha, qu t thng li thp hoc khi bo ha BI...u lm tng dng so lch v bo v c th s tc ng. T thng trong li t c th tng ti 280% ln ty theo:
in p ti thi im ng in (i qua 0) T d trong li th th t thng Thit k ca my bin p S lng my bin p lm vic song song Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in
Vi gi tr tng vt li t chc chn s b bo ha dng in b mo dng sng trm trng Dng in ny gi l dng in t ha xung kch khi ng my bin p.
HBK HN
Cc loi s c
123
Dng t ha khi ng khng ti Hnh dng dng in t ha xung kch khi ng my bin p
Thnh phn sng hi: dng in t ha xung kch cha ch yu l thnh phn sng hi bc 2 v bc 3 s dng hmbo v khi ng my bin p khng ti.
Cc loi bo v cho my bin p

124
Loi s c Bo v so lch S c pha-pha v pha-t cun dy Bo v qu dng
Loi bo v
Bo v chng chm t hn ch Bo v so lch S c gia cc vng dy Rle kh (Buchholz) Bo v so lch S c li t Rle kh (Buchholz)
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN Bo v so lch
S c thng du my bin p
Rle kh (Buchholz) Bo v chng chm t thng my bin p
Qu t thng Qu nhit
Bo v chng qu t thng Bo v chng qu ti
Cc loi bo v my bin p
125
Bo v so lch c hm I (87) Dng lm bo v chnh cho my bin p Phm vi bo v c gii hn bi v tr t BI Cc nh hng cn lu :

T u dy my bin p Loi b thnh phn dng in TTK Hiu chnh t s bin dng La chn h s hm trong cc tnh trng lm vic Nguyn Xun ng Bm H thng in Hm bo vTng khi my bin p khng ti HBK HN Hin tng qu t thng
126
nh hng ca t u dy my bin p MBA t u dy hai pha khc nhau dng in cc pha b lch gc nhau
T u dy Y0/-11 th dng s cp v th cp lch nhau 11x300=3300.
Nguyn l bo v so lch yu cu dng in hai pha cn so snh phi trng pha khi xy ra lch pha c dng cn bng chy qua bo v s tc ng nhm phi hiu chnh gc pha. Rle c & Rle tnh: hiu chnh gc pha bng BI trung gian. Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thngpha in c thc hin bng phn mm: Rle s: hiu chnh gc
HBK HN
BI c th u hnh Y cho mi cun dy Khai bo vo rle cc t du dy ca my bin p v my bin dng (nu cn thit).
127
Loi b thnh phn dng in TTK S c chm t ngoi vng Nu khng loi b: tc ng nhm
BI trung gian khng c cun tam gic
Dng qua rle ln hn 0 Rle c th tc ng nhm
128
Loi b thnh phn dng in TTK S dng BI trung gian c cun tam gic: loi tr thnh phn I0 chy vo bo v
BI trung gian c cun tam gic
Dng qua rle bng 0
129
Hiu chnh t s bin dng Dng cn bng c th sinh ra khi:

BI cc pha c t s bin khc t s bin p Hoc khi dng in th cp ca cc BI khng ging nhau
130
Hiu chnh t s bin dng Dng cn bng c th sinh ra khi:

BI cc pha c t s bin khc t s bin p Hoc khi dng in th cp ca cc BI khng ging nhau
Rle so lch
131
Hiu chnh t s bin dng Chn BI trung gian

BI u tam gic th dng pha & dng dy khc nhau
w1 i2 3 3,813 3 2, 202 = = = = 3, 06 w2 i1 0, 719 0, 719
132
Hiu chnh t s bin dng Chn BI trung gian
w1 i2 3 3,813 3 2, 202 = = = = 3, 06 w2 i1 0, 719 0, 719
133
Bo v chng chm t hn ch 87N (Restricted Earth Fault REF) Bo v qu dng TTK (50N & 51N) c th khng nhy bo v cho cun dy my bin p S c ti im gn trung tnh cun dy u hnh sao, ni t qua tng tr: dng s c rt b. Bo v chng chm t hn ch (87N): so lch TTK Phm vi bo v: cc cun dy u hnh sao c trung tnh ni t (phm vi bo v b hn ch).
134
Bo v chng chm t hn ch 87N (Restricted Earth Fault REF) Bo v c th l dng so lch tng tr cao hoc so lch c hm C nhy cao v dng khi ng c th t thp Dng in a vo rle l ton b dng s c ch khng ch l mt thnh phn c bin i qua t s bin chy trn pha cao p (t s bin lc ny l t s gia s vng dy cun cao p & s vng dy b s c bn cun h p).
135
Dng t ha xung kch khi ng my bin p khng ti Bo v s tc ng nhm khi ng my bin p khng ti Hi bc 2
Vi rle c: cho bo v lm vic vi thi gian tr do lc ng my bin p c th gp s c.
khng tin cy
136
Dng t ha xung kch khi ng my bin p khng ti Rle s: hm theo sng hi bc 2
Hi bc 2
L do dng sng hi bc 2 (bc chn):

Dng t ha xung kch (qu ) lun cha thnh phn sng hi bc 2 Dng s c khng cha thnh phn sng hi bc 2 v cc sng hi bc chn Nguyn Tng Bm H thng in Dng t Xun ha ch xc lp c th b mo sng do li t bo ha, tuy HBK HN nhin dng ny cng khng cha cc thnh phn sng hi bc chn.
Sng hi bc 2: c trng ring bit ca dng t ha xung kch s dng thnh phn sng hi bc 2 ny t ng hm bo v so lch khi ng khng ti my bin p.
137
Bo v chng qu t thng li t Qu t thng li t xy ra khi:

in p h thng b tng cao Tn s h thng b gim thp
Qu t thng qu khng gy nguy him s dng bo v c tr Bo v vi c tnh thi gian ph thucNguyn - khi tin s V/f Xun ng Tng Bmkhi H thng vt ngngHBK HN ci t.
138
Bo v chng chm t v thng my bin p Thng my bin p c t cch in S dng chc nng bo v rle chng hin tng chm t v thng Thc hin: ni mt BI vo dy ni gia v thng v t.
139
Rle kh (Buchholz) V tr: trng ng ng ni t thng du chnh my bin p ln thng du ph. Rle Buchhloz: hai t hp phao nm l lng.
140
Rle kh (Buchholz) Qu ti:kh ga t thng du tch t ln trn theo ng dn du y mc du trn np rle Buchholz xung phao s 1 (bn trn) chm xung, ng tip im khi ng cnh bo qa ti thc hin qu trnh san ti cho my bin p. S c gia cc vng dy hoc gia cc pha th nhit tng nhanh, kh tch t mnh v i ln trn x y vo rle cp hai khi ng i ct cc pha ni vi ngun ca my bin p.
141
Rle kh (Buchholz)
S phng thc bo v my bin p

142
MBA cng sut nh

Bo v chnh: bo v qu dng in pha cao p Bo v d phng: bo v chng chm t hn ch (87N) v bo v qu dng th t khng t ti trung tnh

143
MBA cng sut ln

Bo v chnh: bo v so lch dng in (87T) Bo v d phng:
Bo v qu dng pha cao p & h p Bo v chng chm t hn ch 87N
Ch dng hai b rle: p dng cho cc my bin p khng quan trng

144
MBA nhn in t hai l
Bo v chnh: bo v so lch dng in (87T) Bo v d phng:

Bo v qu dng pha cao p & h p Bo v chng chm t hn ch 87N
Dng 3 b rle ring bit: tng tin cy Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in
HBK HN

145
MBA lm vic song song
Tng t cc phng thc bo v trc Do my bin p vn hnh song song: cc bo v qu dng l loi c nh hng (67 & 67N)

146
MBA lm vic song song c thanh gp phn on

147
MBA ba cun dy

148
MBA t ngu

149
MBA t ngu ln v quan trng
150
Chng 08 Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
151
Thanh gp: kt ni nhiu phn t

H thng bo v c vai tr quan trng Thi gian tc ng cc ngn m bo n nh ca h thng Rle hin i: tc ng ch trong vng 1 chu k
H thng bo v: phi c tin cy & an ton cao

S dng cc nguyn l d phng: tn hiu ct phi c kim tra qua nhiu khu c lp
Nguyn l "2 trong 3" m bo an ton
152
c im:
S lng ngn l ln s lng tn hiu, dy dn ln trc phn tn C ch kim tra chng tc ng nhm: check zone D gp hin tng bo ha my bin dng
Vng bo v Vng bo v
s dng cu
Bo ha
S c trong vng bo v
S c ngoi vng bo v
153
Gii thiu cu trc bo v thanh gp kiu tp trung

S dng nguyn l bo v so lch Tn hiu dng in t tt c cc ngn l c a v rle trung tm: s lng dy dn nhiu.
154
Gii thiu cu trc bo v thanh gp kiu phn tn

Khi iu khin trung tm (Central Unit) Khi iu khin cp ngn l (Bay Unit) S dng nguyn l bo v so lch
155
H thng chuyn mch dng

Mt ngn l c th ni ti thanh gp 1 hoc 2 BUS 1 dng ti bo v tng ng
+
ISOLATOR 1
BUS 1
cn chuyn mch
7B
7A
BUS 2
ISOLATOR 1 OPEN
F1a F1c F1b Contact Input F1a On Contact Input F1c On
ISO 1
ISO 2
BUS 1
ISOLATOR 1

CB 1 ISO 3 BYPASS
+
7B 7A
ISOLATOR 1 CLOSED
F1a F1c F1b Contact Input F1a On Contact Input F1c On
156
Cc phng thc bo v thanh gp S kha lin ng

Thng dng li phn phi (mt ng cp ti TG) Yu cu mt khong phn cp thi gian ngn Tn hiu kha c th ni trc tip gia cc rle (dy ng)
50
50
50
50
50
50
BLOCK
157
Cc phng thc bo v thanh gp Bo v so lch

S dng nguyn l hm Dng hm: tng dng, dng ln nht, mt phn tng dng..

87 51
158
Chc nng kim tra vng bo v (check zone)

Khi mch dng t mt ngn l hng dng so lch bng chnh dng ti ngn l rle tc ng nhm. Gii php:
Dng khi ng ln hn Iti max: gim nhy S dng chc nng check zone: ly tng tt cc cc dng in vo h thng thanh gp
Ch tc ng khi: bo v vng & bo v check zone cng tc ng
159
Chng 9 Bo v cc my pht in
Bo v my pht in
160
Phng thc bo v khuyn co cho cc MF
(O: ty chn, X: nn dng, Y: thy in tch nng)
Bo v my pht in
161
Nguyn tc d phng: nguyn tc n-1 hng hc 1 phn t khng gy gin on h thng D phng mt phn:
Hai h thng rle bo v C th s dng chung cc bin p o lng Chung ngun nui My ct c th ch c mt cun ct
Bo v my pht in
162
Nguyn tc d phng: nguyn tc n-1 hng hc 1 phn t khng gy gin on h thng D phng y :
Bin p o lng ring bit Hai h thng bo v ton phn Ngun nui rle ring bit Tn hiu ct i theo cc h thng khc nhau
Chc nng bo v qu dng (50, 51)

163
My pht in ly in p kch t ca u cc:

Ngn mch gn in p u cc st gim b gim i bo v khng nhy dng in ngn mch
Gii php:
t dng khi ng thp Kt hp kha in p thp (27 hay U<) Tn ting Anh: Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Protection
Ci t:
Dng in: Nguyn Xun cao Tng hn Bm H 20-30% thng in dng ti max HBK HN Kha in p thp (27): nh hn 80% Unh mc
Chc nng bo v qu dng (50, 51)

164
Phn bit hai loi bo v

Bo v qu dng kt hp vi kha in p thp
51 & 27= Voltage Controlled Overcurrent
Bo v qu dng kt hp hm in p (51V)
Voltage-Restraint Overcurrent T ng iu chnh gi tr dng khi ng theo in p Khi in p gim dng khi ng c t ng gim i
Chc nng ny s kha khi mt in p nh th
Bo v qu dng th t nghch (46 hay I2>)

165
Tn gi khc: Unbalance Load Protection Dng th t nghch (TTN)

T trng quay qut ngc chiu gy dng xoy pht nng
Bo v: l loi c thi gian theo m hnh nhit ca i tng
S c ngn mch khng i xng

Bo v so lch (87G)
166
Nguyn tc thc hin
Bo v so lch dc
Bo v so lch ngang
Bo v mt kch t (Loss of Field - 40)

167
Cng lin kt gia roto & stato

Ph thuc vo ln ca t trng to bi h thng kch t in p kch t b gim thp lin kt b yu i mt ng b gia roto v t trng ca cun stato.
Bo v mt kch t:
Bo v cc MF: khng ri vo tnh trng lm vic mt ng b khi xy ra h hng trong h thng kch t Trnh c cc nh hng xu ti n nh ca h thng.
Bo v ny hot ng da trn:
Kh nng pht/nhn cng sut phn khng ca MF Biu gii hn cng sut pht (Generator Capability Curve)

168
Generator Capability Curve: cng sut phn khng b gii hn

Gii hn dng in trong cun kch t (Field Current Heating Limit): gii hn bi pht nng trong cun dy roto
Dng in trong cun dy stato (Amature Current Heating Limit): khng c vt qu mc pht nng cho php

169
Gii hn pht nng li thp ti cnh ca stato(End Region Heating Limit): kh nng nhn cng sut phn khng ca my pht ch thiu kch t

170

171
Gii hn n nh tnh & ng

L thuyt
Thc t

172
Da theo c tnh c hai phng php bo v chng mt kch t (thiu kch t)

1. S dng tng tr: rle tng tr nhn vo MF
Khi pht Q: in khng o c ln hn 0 (X>0) Khi nhn Q (thiu kch t): in khng o c nh hn 0 (X<0) Cn qui i c tnh P&Q sang tng tr R&X bin i phc tp, khng trc quan
2. S dng gi tr tng dn (ring Siemens p dng)

173
Da theo c tnh c hai phng php bo v chng mt kch t (thiu kch t)

Cho php qui i trc tip P&Q sang G&B Bin i trc quan

174

c tnh lm vic
o Khi im lm vic HBKca HN my pht vt qu c tnh 1 & 2: bo v lm vic tr sau 10 giy o m bo b kch t nng in p tr li mc cn thit o Nu b iu chnh hng rt ngn thi gian ct Thc hin bng cch gim st in p kch t (chc nng Uexcit.<) o Khi vt c tnh 3: ct tc thi
Bo v chng lung cng sut ngc (32R)

175
Reverse Power Protection Nng lng s cp b mt
MF hot ng ch ng c
Nu cn h thng kch t: ng c ng b Ngc li: nh ng c khng ng b.
Ch ng c gy nguy him cho tuabin:

Pht nng qu mc cnh tuabin hi do hi khng lu chuyn c lm mt Nguy him cho hp s ca cc tuabin kh do cc hp s ny khng c thit k ch quay ngc.
Nguyn nhn:
Li vn hnh Trc trc my ct u cc khng ct khi ngng t my Hng hc c kh
Bo v chng lung cng sut ngc (32R)

176
Bo v
Bo v c kh v theo tn hiu in
ln lung cng sut ngc ty thuc:

Ma st, tn hao do tuabin hot ng nh my nn Tn hao in trong my pht
ln dng cng sut ngc rt b
php o phi chnh xc
Ch s dng thnh phn TTT ca dng v p Sai s gc ca BU & BI gy sai s php o phi a vo trong tnh ton Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in
Bo v thng l loi c tr
Trnh cc bin ng ngn hn Trong khi ha ng b hoc dao ng inc th c lung cng sut ngc
HBK HN
Bo v chng chm t 90% (59N, 64G, 67G)

177
L do
My pht in:
Trung tnh cch in Ni t qua tng tr Hn ch dng chm t
Chm t cun stato:

Cch in b ha than ti li thp H quang ti li thp.
Thc nghim cho thy:

Chm pht hin quang Nguynt Xunc Tng Bm sinh H thng thp stato HBK sHN c tip theo dng in 5A c th ph hy cch in l
Khng c mt tiu chun c th v gi tr dng in chm t Thng c gii hn trong khong 515A

178
Nguyn l bo v trong rle 7UM62 Da theo in p im trung tnh cun dy stato

Khi chm t vecto in p 3 pha mt cn bng b dch chuyn in th tng ln khc 0. im trung tnh
Cch in Bnh thng
Ni qua tng tr
Chm t
Da theo dng in chm t

Vi cc MF c ph ti a phng (cp) dng chm t c th xc nh s c tng nhy: s dng BI th t khng (core balance CT) S dng b nh hng cng sut: s c trong & ngoi my pht

179
Phng php o in p im trung tnh

My bin in p ni ti trung tnh cun dy My bin p trung tnh
Cun tam gic h ca MBA to trung tnh gi

180
Phng php o dng chm t

181
Logic bo v chng chm t

in p im trung tnh vt qu ngng ci t Dng in chm t vt qu ngng Hng vo trong my pht
Ukhi ng > Ukhng i xng trong vn hnh
t 510% Upha
Bo v c 9095% cun dy stato tnh t u cc

Bo v chng chm t 100%

182
S dng sng hi bc 3 (27/59TN 3rd Harm.)

in p do MF sinh ra c c thnh phn bc 3 Thnh phn bc 3 c tnh cht nh thnh phn TTK
Phn b in p bc 3 lc bnh thng

183

Chm t gn trung tnh: gi tr in p bc 3 ti u cc ln nht s dng rle in p cao (59)
Chm t ti trung tnh

184

Bnh thng c in p bc 3 ti trung tnh S c: in p ny v xp x 0 dng rle in p thp (27)
Bnh thng
Chm t ti trung tnh

185

Dng rle in p cao (59) Hoc dng rle in p thp (27) S dng cng vi s bo v 90% Phi c vng chng ln
ln in p bc 3 ph thuc ti Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HN gi tr chnh HBK nh theo dng ti.
rle 7UM62x t ng thay i

186
S dng ngun ph tn s thp L do

Cc phng php trn ph thuc c tnh MF S lng ph ti, s lng ng dy, cp S theo in p bc 3 c im cht trong vng bo v
Gii php
Pht ngun ph c lp tn s thp vo cun dy my pht Gim st dng in do in p tn s thp ny gy ra

187
S dng ngun ph tn s thp Nguyn l

Pht in p tn s thp vo trung tnh in p sinh ra dng in ln dng in: ty theo tng tr ngun pht & in dung cun stato vi t (Xc) Khi chm t: in dng b ni tt Nguyn Xun Tng ln Bm H thng in dng in tng HBK HN Tn s thp :
Dung khng (Xc) c gi tr ln dng in nh dng khi ng thp tng nhy Trnh nhiu do in p ca MF gy ra, d lc.
Bo v chng chm chp gia cc vng dy

188
Dng s c ny kh xy ra Vi MF cun dy c nhiu vng (MF thy in): nn t Kh pht hin bng cc bo v thng thng Phng php bo v vi MF c cun dy phn chia
Bo v chng chm t cun dy roto (64R)

189
Chm t mt im: khng gy nguy him L tin cho chm t im th hai Chm t im th hai:
cnh bo
Mt s vng dy b ni tt T trng b lch Gy rung ng mnh bt buc phi ct nu rung vt qu ngng cho php

190
Phng thc bo v n gin
S dng hai n Bnh thng: hai HBK HN n sng bng nhau

S dng ng h o in Chm t mt nhnh: kim ng h lch v pha tng ng Khng pht hin chm t ti trung im
Chm t mt nhnh: n ti hn
Khng pht hin chm t ti trung im Phng php bm ngun ph

191
Phng thc bm ngun ph xoay chiu in p xoay chiu bm vo mch roto qua rle qu dng (64F) T C:
Hn ch dng khi c s c chm t Cch ly
Dng in qua rle 64F:

IC: dng in dung (in dung roto) Nguyn Xun Tng cch Bm H thng in IG: dng r qua in ca roto (rt HBK HN nh)
Dng khi ng: Ikhi ng (IC+IG) Khi s c chm t in dung b ni tt rle tng ln rle khi ng. dng in qua

192
Phng thc bm ngun ph xoay chiu Nhc im:

Hot ng ph thuc ch ni t roto Nu ni t qua bi trc quay
Mng du dn in km Rle khng nhy Nu tng in p bm vo chc thng mng du dn in tt Nhc: n mn in ha ti bi trc quay
GiiNguyn php khc: than ni t Xun Tng chi Bm H thng in

HBK HN

193
Phng thc bm ngun ph mt chiu u im:

Trnh c dng in dung qua t
194
Hng dn bi tp di
Ni dung cn lm
195
bi
Ni dung cn lm
196
Chn s liu: La chn = S d ca php chia {S th t/n}

n=3 n=4 n=6 n=3 n=3 n=4 n=4
n=5
n=3 n=4
n=6
Nu php chia khng c s d: ly s cui cng ca dy s liu
Ni dung cn lm
197
V d: s th t trong danh sch lp l 32

S d bng 2: chn s th 2 ca dy s liu
n=3 n=4
32/3 cn d 2 32/4 cn d 0
S d bng 0: chn s cui cng ca dy s liu

Chn bin dng in (BI) & Tnh ton ngn mch

198
Tham kho ti liu km theo Kt qu tnh ngn mch
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in Inmax N5 HBK HN
I0max N5 I0max N9
Inmax N9 Inmin N9 Inmin N5 I0min N5 I0min N9
Tnh ton chnh nh cc bo v

199
Chnh nh bo v qu dng ct nhanh I>> (50)

Thi gian:
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN t50/BV1 = 0 (giy)
t50/BV2 = 0 (giy)
Dng khi ng:

Ik50/BV1=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi max = Kat*Inmax N5 Ik50/BV2=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi max = Kat*Inmax N9 Vi Kat=1,11,2 (ty chn)

200
Xc nh vng bo v ct nhanh
Da theo dng ngn mch v dng khi ng tnh vng c bo v ct nhanh
Ik50/BV1= Kat*Inmax N5 Ik50/BV2=Kat*Inmax N9
xc nh
Ik50/BV1 Ik50/BV2 Inmax N5 Lct nhanh min=0

ct nhanh minTng Bm H thng in Nguyn Xun HBK HN
Inmax N9
L(km)
Lct nhanh max Lct nhanh max

201
Chnh nh bo v qu dng ct nhanh th t khng I0>> (50N)

Thi gian:
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN t50N/BV1 = 0 (giy)
t50N/BV2 = 0 (giy)
Dng khi ng:

Ik50N/BV1=Kat*3I0ngn mch ngoi max = Kat*3I0max N5 Ik50N/BV2=Kat*3I0 ngn mch ngoi max = Kat*3I0max N9 Vi Kat=1,11,2 (ty chn)

202
Xc nh vng bo v ct nhanh th t khng

Tng t vi bo v ct nhanh
Ik50N/BV1 Ik50N/BV2 3I0max N5 Lct nhanh min Lct Nguyn Xun Tng Bm nhanh max H thng in HBK HN
L(km)
3I0max N9
Lct nhanh max Lct nhanh min=0

203
Bo v qu dng th t khng c thi gian I0> (51N)

Dng khi ng:
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN Ik51N/BV1=(0,10,3)*I nh mc BI1
Ik51N/BV2=(0,10,3)*I nh mc BI2
Thi gian: phi hp vi cc bo v th t khng lin k

t51N/BV2 = tpt2 + t (giy) t51N/BV1 =max{t51N/BV2; tpt1} + t (giy) Chn bc phn cp thi gian t=0,30,5 giy (ty )

204
Bo v qu dng c thi gian I> (51)

Dng khi ng:
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HNmax qua D2 Ik51/BV2=K*IHBK lm vic
Ik51/BV1=K*I lm vic max qua D1 Vi h s K =1,6
Thi gian: s dng c tnh ph thuc & phi hp vi cc bo v th t khng lin k

205
N9 N5

Thi gian: s dng c tnh ph thuc & phi hp vi cc bo v th Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in t khng lin kHN HBK
t51BV2/ngn mch ti N9 = tpt2 + t (giy) Chn bc phn cp thi gian t=0,30,5 giy (ty ) T tnh ra c gi tr t51BV2/ngn mch ti N9

206
N9 N5

c gi tr t51BV2/ngn mch ti N9 bit: bo v 2 lm vic vi c tnh nh sau: Trong cng thc ny:
Bm Hca thng in v khi s c ti im no t:Nguyn thi Xun gianTng lm vic bo HBK HN (khi s c ti N9 th thi gian l t51BV2/ngn mch ti N9 bit) Ik: dng khi ng ca bo v 2 ( bit l Ik51/BV2=K*I lm vic max qua D2) I: dng ngn mch ti im ang tnh (N9): bit l Inmax N9 Cn li Tp cha bit (Tp: bi s thi gian ca bo v): cn tm

207
N9 N5

Cn li Tp cha bit (Tp: bi s thi gian ca bo v): cn tm Thay tt c cc gi tr bit vo cng thc tm ra gi tr Tp ca bo v 2: Tp/BV2
c tnh lm vic ca BV 2

208
N9 N5
Tm thi gian lm vic ca bo v 2 (BV2) vi cc im s c cn li

Bit dng in ti N5N9 ch max Ln lt thay vo cng thc ca BV2 bit V d: Xun Tng Bm H thng in Nguyn Tnh ra c
HBK HN
tnh ra thi gian tng ng

bit
tBV2/N7
Bit dng in Inmax N7

Thay vo y bit

209
N9 N5
Ti mi im t N5N9: tnh c thi gian lm vic tng ng ca BV2 (vi dng in InmaxN5InmaxN9)
N5 N6 N7 N8 N9
tBV2/N9(Inmax) D1 D2
L(km)

210
N5
Tnh ton tip vi BV1:

Ti N5: nu BV2 khng tc ng th BV1 phi tc ng nh thi gian ca BV1:
phi chnh
t51BV1/ngn mch ti N5 = t51BV2/ngn mch ti N5 + t (giy)

Tnh c ra gi tr ny bit 0,3 giy

211
N5
Vi gi tr thi gian lm vic ca BV1 ti N5 bit Phng trnh lm vic ca BV1

Tnh ra c
? Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in

HBK HN
c tnh lm vic ca BV1

bit
t51BV1/ngn mch ti N5
Ik51/BV1
InmaxN5
bit

212
N9 N5
Tng t vi BV2: ti mi im t N1N5: tnh c thi gian lm vic tng ng ca BV1 (vi dng in InmaxN1InmaxN5)
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9
t
tBV2/N9(Inmax) D1 tBV1/Inmax D2
L(km)

213
C y phng trnh lm vic ca BV1 & BV2 Bit ln dng ngn mch c ch min: tnh ton tip thi gian v ra ng c tnh thi gian ng vi Inmin
tBV1/Inmin
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5
tBV2/Inmin
N6 N7 N8 N9
t
Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in D1 HBK HN
D2
L(km)
tBV2/Inmax
tBV1/Inmax
KT THC

Bai Giang Mon Bao Ve Role - Dung Cho in An

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Bai Giang Mon Bao Ve Role - Dung Cho in An

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BO V RLE TRONG H THNG IN

B mn H thng in Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Ging vin: Nguyn Xun Tng

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Tng v Bm H thng in Chng 8: XunBo cc h thng thanh gp HBK HN

Chng 10: Bo v cc my pht & ng c

Phn m u Gii thiu chung

Khi nim chung

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

S cn thit phi c h thng bo v t ng

Tnh trng lm vic khng bnh thng ca cc thit b v h thng

Cch ly cc phn t b s c (ct my ct - MC)

Khi nim chung

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Thit b bo v n gin nht l cc cu ch (cu chy), aptomat

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Khi nim chung

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Thit b bo v phc tp hn l cc rle vi cc nguyn l khc nhau:

Rle tri qua nhiu th h pht trin

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Rle tnh (bn dn)

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Vi cc li in c cu hnh phc tp:

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

m bo chn lc: tbv1> tbv2 > tbv3

X l: m bo sao cho thit hi ti ph ti l nh nht Dng cc nguyn l bo v khc

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Bo v chnh : Knmin= 1,52 Bo v d phng: Knmin= 1,21,5

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

S cu trc ca h thng BVRL

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Knh thng tin

Vi cc h thng quan trng: s dng h thng d phng kp

Chng 01 Cc phn t chnh ca h thng bo v

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Xc nh nhanh cc tnh BI:

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

B lc dng inth t khng (I0)

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Ib 3I0 Ic I a + I b + I c = 3I0 Role

B lc dng inth t khng (I0)

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Dng BI th t khng (Flux Summation CT hoc Core Balance CT)

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

ng dng thc t ca BI th t khng

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Bo v chng chm t nhy cao (Aptomat chng git)

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

BI dng cho o lng c k hiu theo:

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN

Chun ha dng c o trong cng nghip ng h o ng h o Bo v rle Bo v rle

Nguyn Xun Tng Bm H thng in HBK HN