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. T thng ny cam ng s trong dy qun khi phn ng quay va tac dung vi
dong in trong dy qun sinh ra momen. y la phn chu yu cua t thng cc
t
C
.
Phn t thng khng i qua phn ng goi la t thng tan
. No khng cam
ng s va sinh ra mmen trong phn ng song no vn tn tai lam cho bao hoa
t cua cc t va gng t tng ln.
Vy t thng cua cc t bng:
0
0
0 0 c
) 1 ( =
+ = + =
(8.1)
trong o
0
1
+ =
h s tan t cua cc t chnh. Thng = 1,15 1,28.
11.1.2. Std cn th|t d s|nh ro tu thng.
Cn phai co st F
0
sinh ra t thng chnh
0
. St ny do s ampe vong trn
i cc t cua may in sinh ra. Theo nh lut toan dong in, ta co:
=
L
Wi Hdl
Ap dung nh lut ny vao mt i cc t cua may (hnh 8.1), ta co:
= = l . H Wi F
0
= 2H
+ 2H
r
.h
r
+ H
.l
+ 2H
c.
l
c
+ H
g
l
g
.
= F
+ F
r
+ F
+ F
c
+ F
g
(8.2)
trong o, cac ch nho , r, , c, g ch khe h, rng, phn ng, cc t va gng t; h -
ch chiu cao va l - ch chiu dai.
Cng t trng c tnh theo cng thc:
=
B
H (8.3)
trong o:
S
B
= t cam trn cac oan
mach t. Con , S va ln lc la
t thng, tit din va h s t thm
cua cac oan mach t. Trong khng
kh = 4.10
-7
H/m, con trong loi
thep th khng phai la hng s, v
vy tm trc tip H theo ng cong t hoa cua vt liu B = f(H).
Hnh 8.2 Xcc cnh :Ic Ircng mcy cien mcI chieu
3
8.2. TNH ST KHE H F
St khe h bng:
=
k B
2
F
0
(8.4)
trong o:
o
= 4.10
-7
H/m h s t thm cua khng kh;
B
=
l
B
0
(8.5)
vi:
= b
c
/ = 0,62-0,72.
la bc cc t.
l
(8.6)
l
t
- chiu dai cc t theo truc.
l - chiu dai loi st phn ng khng tnh ranh thng gio.
l = l
1
- n
g
.b
g
(8.7)
Con l
1
chiu dai thc loi st; n
g
,b
g
s ranh va b rng ranh thng gio
k
h s khe h lin quan n rng ranh, co th tnh theo cng thc sau:
+
+
=
10 b
10 t
k
1 r
1
(8.8)
vi t
1
va b
r1
la bc rng va b rng cua nh rng.
8.3. TNH ST RNG F
Z
Tnh chnh xac:
Tnh gn ung:
T cam tnh toan cua rng B
rx
cao x cua rng co th tnh nh sau:
c 1 rx
1
rx
t
rx
k l b
t l B
S
B
=
= (8.9)
t
1
x
b
Zx
b
Z2
b
rx
b
r2
1
2
3
h
Z
Hnh 8.3 Xcc cnh :Ic rcng
trong o:
t
= B
t
1
t thng i qua mt bc rng t
1
.
l
, l
1
- chiu dai tnh toan va chiu dai thc
cua loi st.
b
rx
- chiu rng cua rng cao x.
k
c
- h s ep cht.
t
1
- bc rng cua phn ng.
Trong thc t tnh toan st rng, ch cn
4
tnh H ba im trn chiu cao cua rng tit din trn, gia va di cua no la
H
r1
, H
r.tb
, H
r2
.
Tr s tnh toan cua cng t trng trung bnh:
) H H 4 H (
6
1
H
2 r tb . r 1 r r
+ + = (8.10)
St rng i vi mt i cc t bng:
F
r
= 2H
r
h
r
(8.11)
Thng n gian hn, ta ch xac nh t cam B va cng t trng H
tit din cach chn rng la h
z
/3 lam tr s trung bnh tnh toan, ta co:
r
3
1
z
r
h H 2 F = (8.12)
8.4. TNH ST LNG PHN NG
T cam lng phn ng:
c 1
o
k l h 2 S
B
=
= (8.13)
trong o:
=
0
/2 t thng phn ng.
S
= h
l
1
k
c
tit din lng phn ng.
h
= H
(8.14)
8.5. TNH ST TRN CC T VA GNG T
T thng di cc t:
c
=
0
t
(8.15)
T thng trong gng t:
g
=
2
1
c
=
2
1
t
(8.16)
T cam cc t va gng t:
c
c
c
S
B
= va
g
c
g
S 2
B
= (8.17)
trong o: S
c
, S
g
la tit din cc t va gng t.
T ng cong t hoa cua vt liu ch tao cc t va gng t, ta tm c cng
t trng cc t H
c
va gng t H
g
.
5
St trn cc t va gng t:
F
c
= 2H
c
h
c
va F
g
= H
g
l
g
(8.18)
Trong o: h
c
chiu cao cc t ; l
g
chiu dai trung bnh cua gng t.
8.6. NG CONG T HOA
Mun co t thng
0
cn co st kch t F
0
. Quan h
0
= f(F
0
) la quan h cua
ng cong t hoa cua may in (hnh 8.4).
Do s luc khng tai E
0
t l thun vi t thng
0
va dong in kch t I
t
t l
thun vi st F
0
, nn dang cua ng cong t hoa
0
= f(F
0
) cung chnh la dang
cua c tnh khng tai.
Khi t thng tng ln loi st bao hoa, nn ng cong t hoa nghing v bn
phai. Keo dai phn ng thng
cua ng cong t hoa ta c
quan h
0
= f(F
). Khi
0
=
0
nh mc th st khe h bng
oan ab con oan bc la s.t.
ri trn cac phn st cua mach
t.
a
b c
0
F
0
F
0
F
Hnh 8.4 ucng Iu hcc cuc mcy cien mcI chieu
Lp t s:
ab
ac
F
F
k
o
= =
(8.19)
k