Bao Cao Dau Tu Xay Dung To Hop Khach San, Sieu Thi Duoc - Thiet Bi y Te Va Nha o Tai Xa Nghi Phu

Bo co: u t xy
dng T hp khch
sn, siu th dc thit b y t v nh
ti x Nghi Ph
MC LC
1. Xut x ca d n............................................................................................................................4
2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi mi trng (TM)...............................4
3. Phng php p dng trong qu trnh TM....................................................................................6
CHNG I..........................................................................................................................................7
M T TM TT D N.................................................................................................................7
1.1.Tn d n.......................................................................................................................................7
1.2. Ch d n......................................................................................................................................7
1.3. V tr a l ca d n....................................................................................................................7
1.4. Hnh thc u t v qun l d n................................................................................................7
1.5. Hin trng khu t.........................................................................................................................7
Bng 1.1: tng hp hin trng s dng t..........................................................................................7
Bng 1.2: tng hp hin trng h tng x hi......................................................................................8
1.6. Ni dung ca d n.......................................................................................................................9
Bng 1.3: tng hp quy hoch s dng t..........................................................................................9
Bng 1.4: tng hp cc tuyn ng trong khu quy hoch.................................................................9
Bng 1.5: Tnh ton nhu cu dng nc ca d n............................................................................10
Bng 1.6: Tng hp khi lng nc thi.........................................................................................11
1.7. D ton tng mc u t xy dng............................................................................................20
Bng 1.8: Khi ton chi ph xy dng kin trc v h tng...............................................................20
Bng 1.9: Tng hp tng mc u t ton d n..............................................................................21
Bng 1.10: Tin thc hin d n...................................................................................................21
Bng 2.1: Cht lng mi trng khng kh khu vc thc hin d n.............................................25
Bng 2.2: Cht lng mi trng nc ngm khu vc thc hin D n..........................................26
2.3. Cc tc ng n kinh t - x hi ca d n...............................................................................27
3.1.3. D bo nhng ri ro v s c mi trng c th xy ra..........................................................27
CHNG III.....................................................................................................................................29
NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG...............................................................................29
3.1. NH GI TC NG...........................................................................................................29
3.1.1. Giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng.............................................................29
3.1.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi....................................................................29
Bng 3.1 - Ngun gy tc ng v cc thnh phn gy nhim.......................................................29
3.1.1.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ........................................................................................30
Bng 3.2 - i tng v quy m b tc ng giai on gii phng mt bng...................................30
v thi cng xy dng d n................................................................................................................30
3.1.1.4. nh gi nh hng ca cc tc ng ti mi trng .........................................................31
3.1.1.4.1. Tc ng trong qu trnh gii phng mt bng .................................................................31
3.1.1.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng khng kh...................................................................................31
Bng 3.3 - D ton khi lng nguyn vt liu.................................................................................32
Bng 3.6 - Mc n in hnh ca cc thit b, phng tin thi cng.................................................34
khong cch 2m..............................................................................................................................34
Bng 3.7 - Mc n in hnh ca cc thit b, phng tin thi cng.................................................35
khong cch 200m v 500m...........................................................................................................35
3.1.1.4.3 Tc ng n mi trng nc...........................................................................................36
3.1.1.4.4. Tc ng n mi trng t ..........................................................................................39
3.1.1.4.5 Tc ng do cht thi rn....................................................................................................39
3.1.1.4.6. Cc tc ng n kinh t - x hi ca d n......................................................................40
3.1.2. Giai on d n i vo hot ng ...........................................................................................41
3.1.2.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi....................................................................41
Bng 3.11. Ngun gy nhim c lin quan n cht thi................................................................41
3.1.2.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ........................................................................................42

Bng 3.12: i tng, quy m b tc ng trong .............................................................................42
giai on d n i vo hot ng.......................................................................................................42
3.1.2.4. nh gi nh hng ca cc tc ng ti mi trng .........................................................43
3.1.2.4.1 Tc ng n mi trng khng kh...................................................................................43
3.1.2.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng nc...........................................................................................44
Bng 3.14: Thnh phn nc thi sinh hot khu dn c....................................................................44
3.1.2.4.3 Tc ng do cht thi rn....................................................................................................45
Bng 3.15: Khi lng rc thi sinh ra hng ngy khi d n i vo hot ng.................................45
3.2. NHN XT V MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI........................45
Hnh 4.2: Phng n thu gom nc thi sinh hot............................................................................52
Hnh 4.4: S cu to b tch du.................................................................................................54
Hnh 4.6: S quy trnh thu gom rc ca d n khi i vo hot ng............................................56
4.2. I VI S C MI TRNG..............................................................................................58
4.2.1. S c mi trng trong giai on san lp mt bng v thi cng xy dng..............................58
4.2.2. S c mi trng trong giai on d n i vo hot ng......................................................59
Bng 5.1: Chng trnh qun l mi trng......................................................................................61
5.2.1. giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng..............................................................63
5.2.2. Giai on d n i vo hot dng............................................................................................63
5.2.3. D ton kinh ph gim st mi trng.....................................................................................63
6.3. kin tip thu ca Ch d n....................................................................................................67
PH LC...........................................................................................................................................71
1. Xut x ca d n
Vinh l trung tm kinh t, vn ha x hi ca tnh Ngh An. Thnh ph Vinh v
ang pht trin rt nhanh, khng phi ch ring v du lch, dch v, kinh t, x hi, sn phm
GDP m s gia tng dn s cng ng k. Cc khu nh v ng ph mc ln khng ngng
song cng cha p ng kp nhu cu ngy cng tng ca ngi dn v nh cng nh nhu
cu dch v trong v ngoi nc. p ng nhu cu pht trin ca thnh ph, UBND tnh
Ngh An cng nh UBND thnh ph Vinh c nhiu ch trng y mnh vic xy dng
nhiu hn na cc Khu chung c, khch sn cao cp mi nhm xa b cc khu nh , nh
ngh c xung cp, tn dng t kinh doanh cc hot ng dch v trung tm. M ra
nhiu khu th, chung c, dch v khch sn dc theo cc trc pht trin trung tm ca
Thnh ph p ng nhu cu xy dng v pht trin ca th, ng gp vo b mt vn
minh hin i ca thnh ph Vinh. Mt mt, nhm xy dng khu th, quy hoch theo
ng tiu chun, quy chun mi, ph hp nhu cu thc t v xu hng pht trin tng lai.
V vy, lnh o tnh Ngh An, thnh ph Vinh ang ch o lp v thc hin cc d n u
t xy dng cc Khu th mi, chung c, cc dch v khch sn cao cp, siu th gp phn
gii quyt vn bc xc ny.
D n "u t xy dng T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x
Nghi Ph" l mt d n ng quan tm trong k hoch pht trin thnh ph Vinh. Cng ty
TNHH Thng mi Minh Khang c U ban nhn dn tnh quyt nh cho php lm Ch
u t d n "u t xy dng T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x
Nghi Ph" ti x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh.
Tuy nhin, khi d n i vo hot ng, bn cnh nhng li ch to ln v mt kinh t, x hi
tt yu cng s pht sinh nhiu vn v mi trng. Thc hin quy nh ca Lut Bo v Mi
trng (BVMT) nc CHXHCN Vit Nam, Cng ty TNHH Thng mi Minh Khang phi
hp vi c quan t vn l Cng ty C phn T vn Ti nguyn v Mi trng tin hnh nghin
cu, kho st v lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng D n u t xy dng T hp
khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh, tnh Ngh
An.
2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi mi trng (TM)
2.1. C s php l
Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca D n u t xy dng T hp khch sn,
siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh c lp trn c s
tun th cc vn bn php l hin hnh sau y:
- Lut bo v Mi trng nm 2005;
- Lut ti nguyn nc nm 1998;
- Lut t ai nm 2003;
- Lut Quy hoch th s 30/2009/QH12 ngy 17/06/2009;

- Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic Quy nh chi
tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v Mi trng;
- Ngh nh S 59/2007/N-CP ngy 09 thng 04 nm 2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l
cht thi rn;
- Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v vic sa i, b
sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/8/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic
quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v Mi trng;
- Ngh nh s 117/2009/N-CP ngy 31/12/2009 ca Chnh ph v x l vi phm
php lut trong lnh vc bo v mi trng;
- Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng Hng dn iu kin hnh ngh v th tc lp h s, ng k, cp php hnh ngh,
m s qun l cht thi nguy hi;
- Thng t 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng
v vic Hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam
kt bo v mi trng;
- Thng t s 25/2009/TT-BTNMT ngy 16/11/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng quy nh Quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;
- Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q- BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng v vic ban hnh Danh mc cht thi nguy hi;
- Quyt nh s 16/2008/BTNMT ngy 31/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng
ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;
- Quyt nh 04/2008/Q- BXD ngy 03/04/2008 ca B Xy dng v vic ban hnh
Quy chun k thut Quc gia v quy hoch xy dng;
- Quy chun h thng cp thot nc trong nh v cng trnh. Ban hnh km theo
quyt nh s 47/1999/Q-BXD, ngy 21 thng 12 nm 1999;
- TCVN 4513: 1988- Cp nc bn trong - Tiu chun thit k;
- TCVN 4474: 1987- Thot nc bn trong - Tiu chun thit k;
- TCVN 5760: 1994- H thng cha chy - Yu cu chung v thit k, lp t v s
dng;
- TCVN 2622: 1995- Phng chy, chng chy cho nh v cng trnh. Yu cu thit k;
- TCVN 6160: 1996- Phng chy cha chy Nh cao tng, Yu cu thit k;
- TCXDVN 33: 2006- Cp nc: Mng li bn ngoi v cng trnh - Tiu chun thit
k;
- TCXD 51- 1984- Thot nc: Mng li bn ngoi v cng trnh - Tiu chun thit
k;
- Cc tiu chun, quy chun k thut Quc gia v mi trng;
- Quyt nh s 4283/Q.UBND-CN ngy 21/09/2010 ca UBND tnh Ngh An v
vic ph duyt iu chnh Quy hoch chi tit xy dng d n T hp khch sn, siu th
dc - thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi ph, thnh ph Vinh;
2.2. Cn c k thut
- Thuyt minh D n u t, Thit k c s (Thi cng, Kin trc) xy dng T hp

khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi ph, thnh ph Vinh;
- S liu iu tra thu thp v iu kin t nhin, dn c, kinh t - x hi khu vc D
n do Cng ty C Phn T vn Ti nguyn v Mi trng thc hin;
- Kt qu nghin cu, kho st, o c v phn tch hin trng mi trng nn khu vc
D n do C quan t vn v Trung tm KATTP-MT i hc Vinh thc hin thng
11/2010.
- Bo co kt qu thc hin pht trin kinh t - x hi nm 2009 ca UBND x Nghi Ph;
- Cc ti liu, s liu c lin quan phc v cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng.
3. Phng php p dng trong qu trnh TM
- Phng php thu thp ti liu v iu kin t nhin, kinh t x hi;
- Phng php nghin cu v kho st, o c ngoi hin trng;
- Phng php phn tch trong phng th nghim;
- iu tra x hi hc: Da trn phng vn nhn dn v lnh o a phng;
- Phng php nh gi nhanh: Da trn c s h s nhim nhm c tnh thi
lng cc cht nhim do t nhin liu;
- Phng php so snh: So snh, i chiu vi cc quy chun mi trng Vit Nam;
- Phng php chuyn gia;
- Phng php tham vn cng ng.
4. T chc thc hin lp bo co TM
Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng D n u t xy dng T hp khch sn, siu
th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi ph, thnh ph Vinh do Cng ty TNHH Thng
mi Minh Khang v Cng ty C phn T vn Ti nguyn v Mi trng phi hp thc
hin.
Ngoi ra, Ch u t D n cn nhn c s gip ca cc C quan sau:
- UBND x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh, tnh Ngh An.
- UBMTTQ x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh, tnh Ngh An.
Tn v v a ch lin h ca c quan t vn:
CNG TY C PHN T VN TI NGUYN V MI TRNG
a ch
: S 10,ng ng Dung, thnh ph Vinh, tnh Ngh An
in thoi : 0383.563963;
i din
: ng Phm Vn Ngn;
Chc v: Gim c.
Cc thnh vin tham gia lp bo co TM bao gm:
1. ng Phm Vn Ngn, K s ha, Gim c;
2. ng Nguyn Ngc T, K s Cng ngh mi trng, cn b k thut;
3. B L Th Oanh, C nhn mi trng, cn b k thut;
4. ng Nguyn Hong Long, C nhn mi trng, cn b k thut;
5. ng Trng Vn Dng, K s mi trng, cn b k thut;
6. B Nguyn Th Thu, Gim c Cng ty TNHH Thng Mi Minh Khang.
CHNG I
M T TM TT D N
1.1.Tn d n
"D N U T XY DNG T HP KHCH SN, SIU TH DC- THIT B
Y T V NH TI X NGHI PH, THNH PH VINH"
1.2. Ch d n
CNG TY TNHH THNG MI MINH KHANG
a ch tr s: S 9-11E, ng Trn Ph, qun 5, thnh ph H Ch Minh.
in thoi: 083.8353817;
i din:
B Nguyn Th Thu;
Chc v: Gim c.
1.3. V tr a l ca d n
Khu t quy hoch xy dng T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh
ti x Nghi ph, thnh ph Vinh c v tr phm vi ranh gii nh sau:
- Pha Bc gip:
ng quy hoch rng 72m;
- Pha Nam gip:
ng quy hoch s 4 rng 30m;
- Pha ng gip:
ng Trng Vn Lnh;
- Pha Ty gip:
ng X Vit Ngh Tnh (nay l i l V.I. L Nin).
Tng din tch nghin cu xy dng D n l 7,86273ha, nm dc theo i l V.I.
Lnin (Km theo quyt nh 4283/Q.UBND-CN ngy 21/09/2010 ca UBND tnh Ngh
An phn ph lc).
1.4. Hnh thc u t v qun l d n
- Hnh thc u t: u t xy dng mi;
- Hnh thc qun l: Ch u t trc tip qun l d n.
1.5. Hin trng khu t
1.5..1. Hin trng dn c v lao ng
y l vng t nng nghip, cha quy hoch dn c. Cch d n 100m v pha ng
l khu dn c v trng Tiu hc v THCS x Nghi Ph.
1.5.2. Hin trng s dng t
- Phm kho st lp quy hoch: 7,86273ha
- Khu t ch yu l t trng mu hiu qu kinh t thp v t hoang ho. Ngoi ra,
trong khu t quy hoch cn c t ngha a (Trong 12 nm tr li y khng c chn ct
m mi), hin trng s dng t bng sau:
Bng 1.1: Tng hp hin trng s dng t
TT
Thnh phn t
Din tc (ha) T l (%)
1
t trng mu
4,21073
53,56
2
t hoang ho
2,472
31,42
3
t ao bn, mng mng
0,15
1,90
4
t ngha a
1,0
12,72
5
t khc
0,03
0,40
Tng cng
7,86273
100,00
Ngun: Thuyt minh d n u t
1.5.3. Hin trng xy dng

1.5.3.1. Hin trng h tng x hi
- Trong khu vc quy hoch d n khng c cng trnh kin trc xy dng.
- Trong khu vc d n khng c ngi m no thuc dn cng gio v cng khng c
ngi m no c chn ct di 5 nm tr li y.
Bng 1.2: Tng hp hin trng h tng x hi
TT
Thnh phn
S lng n v
Din tch (m2)
1 - Tng s m, trong :
302
M
726,7
+ M xy:
187
M
+ M t ( ci tng):
115
M
2 - ng in cao th
m
Chiu di 66,5
1.5.3.2. Hin trng h tng k thut
a. Giao thng
- Trong khu quy hoch, hin trng mng li ng giao thng c ng Trng Vn
Lnh v i l V.I. Lnin, ch yu l s dng b tha phc v sn xut nng nghip.
b. San nn, thot nc ma
- Cao hin trng trung bnh ton khu vc l 4,67 m. Hng dc t Bc xung Nam
v t ng sang Ty.
- Hin ti c h thng thot nc hon chnh. Hng thot nc ch yu chy qua
cng ng i l V.I. Lnin xung knh Bc. Cng thot nc chnh dc theo i l V.I.
L Nin B = 1500 c xy dng.
c. Cp nc
Hin ti trong khu vc d n cha c h thng cp nc sinh hot.
d. Cp in
Khu vc quy hoch c tuyn ng dy in 15KV dc theo tuyn ng V.I.
Lnin v ng Trng Vn Lnh.
Tm li, h thng cng trnh h tng k thut (KTHT) cha c u t. Tuy c 2
tuyn giao thng chnh nhng khng nng lc p ng yu cu ca D n. V vy, cn
phi u t xy dng ng b theo quy hoch xy dng c duyt.
1.5.4. nh gi chung
Trn c s phn tch v nh gi cc mt v hin trng cnh quan mi trng, vn
ho, x hi, h tng kin trc, h tng x hi ca khu vc, dn n s c nhng mt thun
li cng nh kh khn nh sau:
a. Thun li
- Khu quy hoch ch yu l t hoang ho v t trng hoa mu nn chi ph n b
gii phng mt bng c thun li hn so vi khu vc c dn c.
- Khu vc ny cha c hin tng nhim mi trng nn.
b. Kh khn
- H tng k thut hu ht cha c, nn trong qu trnh u t xy dng c nh hng
ln n cp nc v thot nc.
1.6. Ni dung ca d n
1.6.1. Quy hoch s dng t
Cn c Quyt nh s 4283/Q.UBND-CN ngy 21/09/2010 ca UBND tnh Ngh
An, phm vi nghin cu quy hoch chi tit: 78.627,3 m 2 (Xem quyt nh ph duyt v bn
v QH 04/10 km theo), phn lm cc khu chc nng sau:
Bng 1.3: Tng hp quy hoch s dng t
Din tch T l Tng Mt
TT
Loi t
(m2)
(%)
cao
XD (%)
Siu th kinh doanh dc, thit b y
1
2.946,70
3,75
12
80
t, vn phng cho thu
2 Khch sn cao cp 4 sao
5.486,00
6,98
12
60
3 Chung c cao tng
6.262,20
7,96
12
65
4 Khu nh ph thng mi (201) cn
25.177,40 32,02
04
80
5 Khu nh lin k (20 cn)
3.738,90
4,76
03
80
6 Khu nh bit th (17 cn)
4.927,00
6,27
03
60
7 Nh tr
4.865,00
6,19
03
45
8 Nh vn ha
555,80
0,71
01
40
9 Cy xanh, TDTT, bi xe
6.027,10
7,89
01
05
10 t giao thng
18.460,60 23,48
Tng cng
78.627,30 100,00
Ngun: Quyt nh ph duyt iu chnh quy hoch chi tit d n, 9/2010
1.6.2. Quy hoch h thng h tng k thut
1.6.2.1. Quy hoch mng li giao thng
- Cn c bn v Quy hoch 05/10 Bn quy hoch h thng giao thng, ng v
ch gii xy dng, cc mt ct ng giao thng c duyt theo bng tng hp sau:
Bng 1.4: Tng hp cc tuyn ng trong khu quy hoch
Quy m mt ct ngang
Mt ng
Va h
Bulva
Nn ng
TT
Mt ct
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
1
AA
11,00
2x4,5
20,00
2
BB
9,00
2x3,0
15,00
3
CC
6,00
2x3,0
15,00
4
DD
6,00
6,00
5
EE
6,00
3,0
9,00
6
FF
2x16,00
2x12,0
16,00
72,00
7
GG
2x16,00
2x10,0
4,00
56,00
8
HH
15,00
2x7,5
30,00
9
JJ
12,00
2x6,0
24,00
Ngun: Quyt nh ph duyt iu chnh quy hoch chi tit d n, 9/2010
- Cc ch tiu k thut chnh:
+ Tng chiu di ng gn 4km;
+ Tng din tch ng: 18.460,6m2 ~ 1,85 ha;
1.6.2.2. Hng mc san nn
Theo tht k c s hng mc h tng k thut d n (thng 10/2010), khi lng san
nn c tnh ton nh sau:
- Tng din tch san nn l S = 78.627,3 m2 (lm trn 78.627 m2)
- Khi lng vt bn: Vvt bn = Sx 0,4 = 31.450,8 m3
- Khi lng t san nn: V1 = 89.876,88 m3
- Khi lng t p b vt bn: V2 = Vvt bn = 31.450,8 m3
- Khi lng t thi vn chuyn i: V3 = Vvt bn = 31.450,8 m3
- Khi lng t thiu cn mua p nn;
+ Khi lng t tnh trong ng:
V4 = 13.638,64 + 4.534,31 = 18.152,95 m3
+ Khi lng t san nn (vi h s m nn K= 0,9):
V5 = V1 V4 = 89.876,88 - 18.152,95 = 71.723,93 m3
+ Khi lng t thiu cn mua:
V6 = (V5 + V2) x 1,10 = 113.492,2 m3
(Ngun: Bn tnh khi lng san nn - Thit k c s h tng k thut)
- Vt liu p nn: Dng t p ti m t x Nam Thi, huyn Nam n (do y l
loi t st hoc st ln nhiu si sn, c tnh n nh cao). M t ny cch khu vc d
n khong 35 km, ng vn chuyn l ng nha.
- t hu c i: Khi lng t hu c s c vn chuyn thi ti khu vc
vn m x Nghi Kim, c ly vn chuyn t hu c l 5km.
1.6.2.3. Quy hoch cp nc
Cn c vo quy m cc hng mc trong cng trnh, cn c theo nh hng cp nc
th n nm 2020 ca B xy dng ban hnh nm 1998 km theo quyt nh s
63/1998/Q-TTG, tnh ton nhu cu cp nc nh sau:
Bng 1.5: Tnh ton nhu cu dng nc ca d n
TT
i tng
s dng nc
n v
S lng
TC
dng
nc
Nc cp cho cc cng trnh cng cng, dch v

Siu th dcthit b y t,
28.288,3
a.1
m2 sn
2,0
vn phng cho thu
2
T l
cp
nc
(%)
n v
176,36
100
l/m2.sn.ng.
56,58
m2 sn
39.399,2
0
2,0
100
l/m2.sn.ng.
78,80
a.3 Nh tr
m2 sn
4.379,04
2,0
100
l/m2.sn.ng.
8,76
a.4 Nh vn ha
m2 sn
222,32
2,0
100
l/m2.sn.ng.
0,44
m2
6.207,1
3,5
100
l/m2.ng.
21,72
m2
20.112,2
0,5
100
l/m2.ng.
10,06
a.2
a.5
Khch sn cao cp 4 sao
LL tnh
ton
(m3/ng.)
Cy xanh, TDTT, bi u
xe
a.6 Giao thng
Cp nc phc v cho sinh hot
522,72
b.1
Chung c cao tng (488

cn h)
Ngi
1.952
180,0
100
l/.ngi.ng.
351,36
b.2
Nh ph thng mi (201
cn h)
Ngi
804
180,0
100
l/.ngi.ng.
144,72
b.3
Khu nh lin k (20 cn

h)
Ngi
80
180,0
100
l/.ngi.ng.
14,40
b.4
Khu nh bit th (17 cn

h)
Ngi
68
180,0
100
l/.ngi.ng.
12,24
Tng cng
699,08
Ngun: Thuyt minh d n u t xy dng

- Nc cp cho qu trnh xy dng c bn c ly t ngun nc di t trong khu
vc xy dng. Do , ch u t phi ng k vi S Ti nguyn v Mi trng c
cp giy php khai thc nc di t phc v cho qu trnh xy dng trong giai on ny.
- Ngun cp nc khi d n i vo hot ng: Ngun nc cp cho khu vc d n
c ly t ng ng D300 trn i l V.I. Lnin (thuc h thng cp nc TP.Vinh).
ng ng cp nc trong mng li dng ng ng nha HDPE c ng knh t D25
D125. H thng ng ng cp nc cu ha thit k i chung vi mng cp nc sinh
hot, cch nhau 100 150m b tr mt hng cu ha trn va h.
- ng cp nc c b tr trn va h, cch mp ch gii ng 0,5m.
- su chn ng cp nc t 0,6 1m. trc khi t ng ri lp lt dy 0,15m, sau
khi t ng xong p t m k vi h s K= 0,90.
1.6.2.4. Quy hoch thot nc
Cn c vo hin trng thot nc ca khu vc. H thng thot nc trong khu vc
c thit k hon ton mi, cc tuyn mng c thit k theo nguyn tc t chy m
bo tiu that nc cho c khu vc. Mng li thot nc c phn chia lm hai lu vc
chnh, lu vc mt chy v cng qua ng B = 4.0m, lu vc hai chy v cng qua ng B
= 1.5m. Mng li thot nc theo dng xng c, nc ma chy vo ging thu trn ng
vo h thng cng nhnh, ri chy v h thng cng chnh, sau chy v cc cng qua ng
15. H thng thot nc thit k bng mng xy hc, c np an, c t di va h,
dc thu lc 0.05% - 0.2%.
Bng 1.6: Tng hp khi lng nc thi
TT
i tng
s dng nc
n v
S lng
TC
dng
nc
T l
cp
nc
(%)
n v
LL tnh
ton
(m3/ng.)
Cng trnh cng cng, dch v

Siu th dcthit b y
a.1
m2 sn
t, vn phng cho thu
28.288,3
2
2,0
90
l/m2.sn.ng.
50,92
m2 sn
39.399,2
2,0
90
l/m2.sn.ng.
70,92
a.2 Khch sn cao cp 4 sao
130,12
0
a.3 Nh tr
m2 sn
4.379,04
2,0
90
l/m2.sn.ng.
7,88
a.4 Nh vn ha
B
Sinh hot
m2 sn
222,32
2,0
90
l/m2.sn.ng.
0,40
470,448
b.1
Chung c cao tng (488

Ngi
cn h)
1.952
180,0
90
l/.ngi.ng.
316,22
b.2
Nh ph thng mi
(201 cn h)
Ngi
804
180,0
90
l/.ngi.ng.
130,248
b.3
Khu nh lin k (20 cn

h)
Ngi
80
180,0
90
l/.ngi.ng.
12,96
b.4
Khu nh bit th (17

cn h)
Ngi
68
180,0
90
l/.ngi.ng.
11,02
Tng cng
600,568

Cng thot nc c b tr theo mng xng c, thu gom v h thng cng chnh
ra cng nc thi DN400 trn i l V.I. L Nin. Cng thot nc i di va h s
dng cng trn uPVC DN200, DN300. Cng thot nc thi qua cc tuyn ng bng ng
nha uPVC c lng ng thp.
Ngoi ra, h thng thot nc ca d n cn b tr cc ging thu dc theo tuyn cng,
ti cc v tr nc chuyn hng, v tr nc tp trung t cc ng nhnh vo.
Nc thi t d n sau khi x ly cc b bng b t hoi ca tng cng trnh c dn
n h thng x l nc thi tp trung x l t QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT ri mi c
x thi ra cng thot nc i l V.I. L Nin.
1.6.2.5. Quy hoch mng li cp in
- D n c quy hoch trn khu t nng nghip nn h thng cp in cha c.
- Chy ct ngang qua khu t quy hoch c ng dy 35KV t trm trung gian.
m bo hnh lang an ton li in cn phi di di ng dy ny ra khi khu vc d n.
Tng chiu di cn phi di di khong 66,5 m.
- Ngun in: Ngun s c ly t ng dy 35KV t trm trung gian sau khi
c di di khi khu t quy hoch.
- Tiu chun cp in cho khu vc th:
+ Cp in cho cc bit th:
5KW/BT
+ Cp in cho cc h lin k c mc sng kh: 2 KW/H
+ Cp in cho khu nh tr, y t :
20W/m2
+ Cp in cho khu dch v thng mi:
20W/m2.
+ H s ng thi s dng in gia cc h:
Kt = 0.5
+ Chiu sng cng cng:
10 KW/Km
- Cng sut ca cc trm bin th:
Cng sut tnh ton trm bin th l: Ptt= 1254KW, ly h s cos ca my bin th l
0.8 ta c cng sut biu kin ca my bin th l: 1254 KW/0.8 = 1567KVA.
D kin d n u t xy dng 3 trm bin p (s 1, s 2 v s 3):

+ Trm bin p s 1 c cng sut 700KVA-35/0.4KV,
+ Trm bin p s 2 v s 3, mi trm c cng sut 500KVA - 35/0.4KV.
- Xy dng 2 trm bin p kiu kn, v tr trm bin p c t ti gc cc khu t
cng cng (xem bn v quy hoch s dng t).
1.6.3. Gii php kt cu, kin trc cnh quan
1.6.3.1. Khu nh chung c
* Gii php kin trc: Gm 2 nh CC1 v CC2, mi nh cao 12 tng ging nhau, nm
trn 2 khu t khc nhau:
- Khu t 1 nh CC1:
+ Din tch khu t: 2.737,1 m2.
+ Din tch xy dng: 1.003 m2.
+ Tng din tch sn: 12.640 m2.
+ Mt xy dng: 36,64%.
+ H s s dng t: 4,6 ln.
- Khu t 2 nh CC2:
+ Din tch khu t: 3.525,1 m2.
+ Din tch xy dng: 1.003 m2
+ Tng din tch sn: 12.640 m2
+ Mt xy dng: 28,45%
+ H s s dng t: 3,59 ln
Kin trc 2 khu chung c nh sau: Nh cao 12 tng (c tng ) 1 tng hm, Giao
thng theo phng ng gm: 02 thang my t ti trung tm thp 12 tng ca nh; 02 cu
thang b thot him.
- Tng hm: Din tch 1.067 m2/nh, chiu su 3,3m; Chc nng chnh l xe t,
din tch khu xe l 753 m2, ngoi ra cn c, 01 b pht, phng k thut in, nc v 02
li ln xung tng hm. B nc ngm c b tr ngoi nh.
- Tng 1: Din tch 1.003 m2, chiu cao tng 3,9m; chc nng chnh l b tr cn h v
khng gian snh din tch l 275 m2.
- Tng 2 n tng 12: Cc tng b tr ging nhau v din tch v cng nng s dng,
chiu cao cc tng l 3,3m. Mt bng tng in hnh c din tch 1.036 m 2/tng, chc nng
chnh l b tr cc cn h, ngoi ra cn c thm cc phng k thut in, nc v cc li
giao thng b tr gia nh, mi tng c 08 cn h (02 cn loi A + 02 cn loi B + 02 cn
loi C + 02 cn loi E).
* Gii php kt cu:
- Phn mng: Cn c vo quy m, tnh cht, ti trng cng trnh v iu kin a cht
cng trnh, thit k s dng phng n mng nh sau: Do ti trng tc ng ln cng trnh
tng i ln, mt khc lp t tt c kh nng chu lc cho cng trnh nm su kh
ln t 37 - 50m nn chng ti s dng gii php mng cc p 350 x 350 p n su 43m.
- Phn thn: Cn c vo tnh cht s dng, quy m v ti trng ca cng trnh, chng
ti s dng phng n kt cu phn thn l h kt cu bao gm li cng kt hp vi h ct
v sn BTCT.
- Sn c b tr thm h thng dm chnh v ph nhm tng thm cng trong mt

phng sn v gim c chiu dy sn. y cng l gii php kh kinh t do chiu dy sn
gim, dn n gim ti trng xung mng.
Theo tnh ton ca chng ti, cc kch thc cu kin c bn c la chn nh:
- H sn dm s dng chiu dy 150mm.
- H li thang my c chiu dy 220mm.
- H dm c tit din 220x400mm, 220x600mm, 300x600mm, 500 x 600mm.
- Ct BTCT M300 c cc kch thc 800mm x 800mm.
- Tng bao che xy gch M75, va xi mng M50.
- Mi ca cng trnh s dng mi bng BTCT vi cu to mi bng y , tin tin
chng thm v chng nng tt.
- Thp sn trai mi d kin t 2 lp ngoi c tc dng chu lc trn cn c tc
dng ha cng chng co ngt gin n v nhit khi s dng cng trnh vi iu kin mi l
thin chu nh hng bc x trc tip ca nh nng mt tri v ma gi.
* Gii php hon thin: Nn lt gch Ceramic, nn khu WC lt gch chng trn,
tng khu WC p gch Ceramic. Trt tng, trn VXM, ln sn; ca i bng pan knh,
knh thy tinh v nhm knh, ca s nhm knh.
1.6.3.2. Siu th dc v thit b y t 12 tng
- Tng din tch khu t: 2.946,7 m2
- Din tch xy dng: 1.199,15 m2
- Tng din tch sn: 14.769,65 m2
- Mt xy dng: 40,70%.
* Gii php kin trc:
Nh cao 12 tng c 1 tng hm, tng din tch sn: 14.769,65 m 2; chiu di 48m;
Chiu rng 24m; li ct 8 x 8m; H thng giao thng gm 02 cu thang b b tr 2 gc
nh; 03 thang my trong 01 thang k thut, chiu cao cc tng: 3,6- 4,2m;
- Tng hm: Din tch 1.198,15m2, su 3,3m; chc nng chnh l xe t, din tch
khu xe l 1000m2, ngoi ra cn c 01 b pht, 01 b nc ngm v 01 li ln xung siu
th, 02 li ln xung tng hm v 01 thang vn chuyn hng.
- Tng 1: Din tch 1.199,5 m 2, chiu cao 4,2m; chc nng chnh l siu th, din tch
l 967 m2, ngoi ra cn b tr khng gian ngh nh cho khc mua hng, 01 ch thu tin, 01
phng qun l 24m2, 01 khu WC chung (nam n ring) din tch 24m 2 v 2 cu thang cun
ln tng 2 v 2 li ln xung gi xe.
- Tng 2, 3: Din tch sn mi tng 1.184 m2, chiu cao 4,2 m/tng; chc nng chnh l
siu th, din tch l 1.040 m 2, ngoi ra cn b tr khng gian ngh nh cho khch mua hng,
01 khu WC chung (nam n ring) din tch 24m2 v 2 cu thang cun ln tng 3.
- Tng 4,5: Din tch mi tng sn 1.231 m2, chiu cao mi tng l 3,6 m/tng; chc
nng chnh l siu th, din tch l 1.078 m2/tng, ngoi ra cn b tr khng gian ngh nh cho
khch mua hng, 01 khu WC chung (nam n ring) din tch 24m 2 v 2 cu thang cun ln
tng 4.
- Tng 6 n tng 12: Din tch sn mi tng 1.231 m2, chiu cao 3,6 m/tng; chc
nng chnh l siu th, din tch l 1078 m 2, ngoi ra cn b tr khng gian ngh nh cho
khch mua hng, 01 khu WC chung (nam n ring) din tch 24m2.
- Tng k thut (p mi): Din tch sn 156 m2, gm 02 phng k thut thang my,
phng k thut nc v b nc.
* Hon thin: Tng trn nh trt VXM, b tt ln sn, nn cc tng lt gch
Ceramic.
* Gii php kt cu:
- Phn mng: Cn c vo quy m, tnh cht, ti trng cng trnh v iu kin a cht
cng trnh, thit k s dng phng n mng nh sau: Do ti trng tc ng ln cng trnh
tng i ln, mt khc lp t tt c kh nng chu lc cho cng trnh nm su kh
ln t 40 - 50m nn chng ti s dng gii php mng cc p 300 x 300 p n su 43m.
- Phn thn: Cn c vo tnh cht s dng, quy m v ti trng ca cng trnh, chng
ti s dng phng n kt cu phn thn l h kt cu bao gm li cng kt hp vi h ct
v sn BTCT.
Sn c b tr thm h thng dm chnh v ph nhm tng thm cng trong mt
phng sn v gim c chiu dy sn. y cng l gii php kh kinh t do chiu dy sn
gim, dn n gim ti trng xung mng.
Theo tnh ton ca chng ti, cc kch thc cu kin c bn c la chn nh:
- H sn dm s dng chiu dy 140mm.
- H li thang my c chiu dy 220mm.
- H dm c tit din 220mm x 400mm, 220mm x 500mm, 500mm x 600mm. (i vi 3
ta nh 12 tng).
- Ct BTCT M300 c cc kch thc 800mm x 800mm, 500mm x 500mm. (i vi 3 ton nh
12 tng).
- Tng bao che xy gch M75, va xi mng M50.
- Mi ca cng trnh s dng mi bng BTCT vi cu to mi bng y , tin tin
chng thm v chng nng tt.
- Thp sn trai mi d kin t 2 lp ngoi c tc dng chu lc lp trn cn c tc
dng ha cng chng co ngt gin n v nhit khi s dng cng trnh vi iu kin mi l
thin chu nh hng bc x trc tip ca nh nng mt tri v ma gi.
1.6.3.3. Nh lin k
- Khu nh lin k 3 tng gm 20 cn
- Din tch xy dng: 127,5 m2
- Mt xy dng: 80%
* Gii php kin trc: Gm mt h thng 20 cn bit th lin k. Mt nh hnh ch
nht c kch thc (16x8)m, chiu cao tng 1 l 3,9m; chiu cao tng 2, 3, 4: 3,5m/tng;
cng nng gm: tng 1 b tr phng xe, phng khch, phng n, bp, 01 phng ng v 01
khu v sinh; tng 2,3,4 mi tng b tr 3 phong ng, 1 phng sinh hot chung v 2 khu v
sinh; tng p mi l h thng phng th, sn tri, phng git v sn phi.
- Din tch xy dng ca 1 cn: 127,5 m2.
- Tng din tch sn ca 1 cn: 555 m2.

* Gii php hon thin:
+ Nn nh cao 0,45m; (tnh n mt sn), nn lt gch LD Ceramic 40 x40 cm, va xi
mng M50, ct mn ML = 1,5 - 2,0.
+ Tng trt phng va xi mng M50, dy 1,5 cm; dm, trn, ct v cc cu kin b
tng trt va xi mng M75. Tng trong nh c b matits v ln sn Lin Doanh mu
vng kem nht chn tng p gch, tng bn ngoi b v ln sn chng thm loi sn
Lin Doanh mu sc theo ch dn ca bn v. Tng khu v sinh trt, p gch men knh cao
2,1 m. Sn lt gch chng trn 0,25 x 0,25. Sn phi ngm v chng thm. Trn khu v sinh
lp trn thch cao chng m. thit b v sinh ng b.
+ H thng cc ca i v ca s s dng chng loi ca g nhm 3, pha trong cc ca
s, vch knh c hoa st 12 x 12 bo v. Ton b ca i lp kha, cht ng b. Ca s c
kha cht ng b.
+ Mi lp ngi xi mng p thy lc 10 v/1lm2 mu da ln.
* Gii php kt cu: Kt cu mng tr c lp bng BTCT; mng tng xy hc;
khung, dm, sn BTCT chu lc, tng bao che, mi bng BTCT.
1.6.3.4. Nh lin k thng mi
- Khu nh bit th 3 tng gm 201 cn.
* Gii php kin trc:
Gm mt h thng 201 cn bit th lin k. Mt nh hnh ch nht c kch thc
(18,4 x 5,5)m, chiu cao tng 1 l 3,6m; chiu cao tng 2,3,4 l 3,3m/tng; cng nng gm:
Tng 1 b tr phng kinh doanh, phng n, bp, 01 khu v sinh; tng 2 b tr 1 phong ng, 1
phng khch v 1 khu v sinh; tng 3 b tr 2 phng ng, 1 phng v sinh; tng 4 phng
th, sn tri, phng git v sn phi.
- Din tch xy dng ca 1 cn: 104,5 m2.
- Tng din tch sn ca 1 cn: 363,1 m2.
* Gii php hon thin:
mng M50, ct mn ML = 1,5 - 2,0.
kha cht ng b
+ Mi lp tn sng mu xanh ru.
* Gii php kt cu: Kt cu mng tr c lp bng BTCT; mng tng xy hc;
khung, dm, sn BTCT chu lc, tng bao che, mi bng BTCT.
1.6.3.5. Khu nh tr
- Tng din tch khu t: 4.865,6 m2.
- Din tch xy dng: 3.092,85 m2.
- Mt xy dng: 63,5%.
* Gii php kin trc
a. Nh lm vic v cc phng chc nng
- Mt ng cng trnh c trc i xng, hai u c kt ni vi hai nh hc. Hng
lang trc rng l ng giao thng ni lin khu vc cc phng chc nng nui dy con vi
cc nhm tr v lp mu gio, mt ng cng trnh c trang tr bi h thng phao ch,
cc mng lan can tay v thp D50. im ni gia nh chc nng vi nh hc mi v nh
hc c b tr khe ln.
- Gia nh chc nng l snh nh ra to khu vc sn khu thun li cho vic t chc
khai ging, tng kt nm hc v lin hoan vn ngh. Cu thang trc b tr hai u
rng. Cc tay vn b tr lan can, chiu cao cc bc thang, chiu rng bc thang ph hp vi
la tui mu gio.
b. Nh hc ca tr v lp mu gio
- c b tr thng gi theo hng bc nam, nh 2 tng mi tng b tr 3 lp.
- Kt cu chung cho nh chc nng v nh hc: Nh c kt cu khung BTCT mc 200
kt hp tng chu lc. Mng ct, ct, dm, sn BTCT mc 200, tng gch ch va
XM mc 50. Mng tng xy hc va XM mc 50, c ging b tng ct thp mc 200.
Tng xy gch ch va XM mc 50. Lp tn chng nng, x g, thp hnh.
- Hon thin: Tng trn trt phng, ln sn; nn lt gch Lin Doanh 300x300. Ca
i, ca s s dng ca panoo knh g khng c khun ngoi. Bc cu thang, bc cp mi
granito; lan can hnh lang lm bng song st ng, tay vn cu thang bng g nhm hai.
1.6.3.6. Nh vn ha
- Tng din tch khu t: 555,8 m2
- Din tch xy dng: 156,75 m2
- Mt xy dng: 28,2%
* Gii php kin trc:
Kch thc nh (10,88 x 13,9)m, nh 1 tng. Chiu cao t nn n trn nh 4m. Khi
nh hnh ch nht, kch thc (10,88 x 13,9)m, nh 1 tng bc gian 3,3m +2,5m; nhp
khung 7,88m v 1,5m.
* Gii php hon thin:
mng M50, ct mn ML = 1,5 - 2,0.

kha cht ng b
+ Mi lp tn Lin Doanh dy 0,47mm mu . Sn thot nc mi BTCT trang
tr g pho, to kt thc cho mi.
* Gii php kt cu:
Nh c kt cu khung BTCT mc 200 kt hp tng chu lc. Mng ct, ct, dm, sn
BTCT mc 200, tng gch ch va XM mc 50. Mng tng xy hc va XM mc
50, c ging b tng ct thp mc 200.
1.6.3.7. Khch sn cao cp 4 sao
- Din tch khu t: 548,6 m2.
- Din tch xy dng: 2.583,50 m2.
- Tng din tch sn: 14.311,51 m2.
- Mt xy dng: 47,1%.
- H s s dng t: 2,61 ln.
* Gii php kin trc:
Nh gm 12 tng ni v 01 tng hm. Din tch xy dng 2320 m 2, tng din tch sn
14.311,51 m2. Nhp gian (10x5m + 4x5,5m + 2x4,2m + 4x4,5m + 8m); Khu (2x6,5m +
2x7,5m). Giao thng theo phng ng gm: Khi (t tng 1- 3) gm c 08 thang my,
05 thang b, t tng 4 n 12 (thuc khi thp), cn li 04 thang my v 02 thang b.
- Tng hm: Din tch 2.320 m2, chiu su 3,3m; Chc nng l xe, ngoi ra cn c
mt s chc nng khc nh: C khu snh, 01 phng bo v, phng k thut nc, 01 phng
k thut in, 01 phng t my bm, 02 b nc ngm, 02 b pht.
- Tng 1: Din tch 2.583,5 m2, chiu cao 4,2m; Gm 02 nh hng c din tch
470m2/nh, ngoi ra cn c mt s chc nng khc nh: Khu tin snh v i snh, cc khu
snh ph, khu ch, 01 phng bn m ngh, 01 phng l tn, 01 phng qun l, 01 phng
k thut nc, 01 phng k thut in v 02 khu WC chung.
- Tng 2: Din tch sn 2.356,5 m 2, chiu cao 3,6m; Chc nng chnh l khng gian
siu th, ngoi ra cn c thm mt s phng chc nng khc nh: Cc khu snh, 01 phng
kho, 01 phng bo v qun l, 01 phng k thut nc, 01 phng k thut in, 02 khu WC
chung.
- Tng 3: Din tch 2.542,15 m 2, chiu cao 3,6m; Gm: 01 Phng n ln, 03 phng n
VIP, 01 khu bp (gm khu gia cng, nu, son chia, cc loi kho), 01 khu th gin, ngoi ra
cn c mt s chc nng khc nh: Cc khu snh ph, 01 phng k thut nc, 01 phng
k thut in v 02 khu WC chung.
- Tng 4: Din tch 1.303,6 m2, chiu cao 3,3m, chc nng chnh l b tr cc phng
ngh, ngoi ra cn c thm mt s chc nng nh: 02 khu snh ph, 01 phong k thut in,
01 phng k thut nc, mt b bi ngoi tri c phng thay v 12 phng ngh c khu
WC khp k (01 phng loi B1, 01 phng loi B2, 10 phng loi B3).
- Tng 5- 8: B tr ging v din tch v cng nng s dng, chiu cao cc tng 3,3m.
Mt bng tng in hnh c din tch 721,31 m 2/tng, chc nng chnh l b tr cc phng
ngh, ngoi ra cn c thm mt s chc nng nh: 02 khu snh ph, 01 phng k thut
nc, 01 phng k thut in. Gm 24 phng ngh c khu WC khp k (02 phng loi B1,
02 phng loi B2, 16 phng loi B3, 04 phng loi B4).
Tng 9 - 12: B tr ging v din tch v cng nng s dng, chiu cao cc tng 3,3m.
Mt bng tng in hnh c din tch 721,31 m2/tng, chc nng chnh l b tr cc phng
ngh, ngoi ra cn c thm mt s chc nng nh: 01 khu snh ph, 01 phng k thut
nc, 01 phng k thut in.
* Gii php kt cu:
Nh c kt cu hn hp Khung - Vch cng bng BTCT, sn bng b tng ct thp
chu lc ton khi, tng xy gch ch bao che; kt cu bng mng cc p.
* Gii php hon thin:
Nn lt gch Ceramix, nn khu WC lt gch chng trn, tng khu WC p gch
Ceramic, Trt tng, trn VXM, ln sn; ca i bng pa n knh, knh thy lc v nhm
knh, ca s nhm knh.
* in chiu sng v chng st
Chiu sng t nhin kt hp vi n Neon v n lp, h thng dy dn i ngm.
Chng st ch ng bng kim thu st Pulsa pht tia tin o. Thit k chng st m bo
theo tiu chun TCXD 46: 1984 - Chng st cho cng trnh xy dng.
1.6.4. Gii php in chiu sng v chng st
* Gii php cp in: Ngun cung cp cho cc cn h c ly t cc t in h p
t ti cc cm dn c ca phn h tng k thut (trong t c abtomat tng, abtomat nhnh
v cc cng t cho cc cn h).
Chiu sng t nhin kt hp vi n Neon v n lp, theo h thng dy dn i ngm.
H thng in trong cng trnh s c bo v theo nguyn l chn lc v phn cp
tng tng bng cc p t mt 3 cc v 1 cc.
Ton b cp v dy dn trong cng trnh s dng loi li ng c cch in XLPE v
PVC c chu nhit cao, cp in p 0,6/1KV. Cc cp v dy dn nu trn s c lun
trong cc ng nha, mng nha cng PVC chng chy kp st tng, trn n cc cn h.
Ring i vi cc cp ng trc theo phng thng ng s t trong cc mng cp
bng tn c c nh dc theo hp k thut c xy dng sn trong cc phng k thut
in.
* H thng chng st: Thit k theo tiu chun chng st hin hnh. Cc tip a
bng h thng cc thp L63 x 63 x 6 di 2,5m, thanh tip a dng loi thp trn 14 lin
kt cc cc tip vi nhau bng lin kt hn. Kim thu st bng thp trong 16, u m ng
vut nhn, dy dn thu st v tip a bng thp trn 10. Thit k, b tr h thng m bo
in tr tip t 10.
H thng chng st c thit k ng b dng h thng kim thu st dc theo mi v
dy dn ra h thng tip a cho c cng trnh.
1.6.5. Gii php phng chy cha chy
- H thng phng chy cha chy cho d n c thit k da trn tiu chun Vit
Nam, tham kho tiu chun ca mt s quc gia pht trin, cc t chc quc t, p ng
yu cu ca tiu chun Vit Nam v cao hn, tnh cht hin i, p ng yu cu ca tiu
chun Vit Nam v cao hn, tnh cht hin i, c tnh n kh nng m rng cho tng lai,
phi m bo an ton v phng chy cha chy rt cao cho cng trnh.
- H thng phng chy cha chy phi pht hin nhanh m chy khi mi xut hin v
cha pht trin thnh m chy ln.
- H thng phng chy cha chy phi c kh nng cha chy cho tt c cc v tr
trong cng trnh, c kh nng hot ng tt ngay c khi m chy pht trin thnh m
chy ln.
- Thi gian cha chy phi ln, t nht l bng tiu chun Vit Nam.
- H thng phi c tnh cht t ng hoc bn t ng, s dng phi n gin, d bo
qun, bo dng.
- Bc chu la ca cng trnh l cao I.
- S vi phun hot ng ng thi l 2 vi lu lng mi vi l 2,5 l/s.
- Dng bnh bt cha chy.
- Vt liu xy dng b tr trong cng trnh l nhng vt liu kh chy v chng chy.
- Tt c cc thit b in v thit b mng vi tnh u c chn theo tiu chun an
ton, cht lng v khng gy chy.
- Theo tnh ton: lng nc cha chy c tnh cho 3 gi m bo cha chy cc
b trong thi gian cho php.
- V tng mt bng: H thng giao thng ni b c b tr hon chnh lin h trc
tip cng chnh, theo mng ng quy hoch ca thnh ph.
- Pha ngoi cng trnh gn cng chnh cn b tr mt ct nc cu ha thun tin cho
xe cu ha tip nc ti ch.
- B tr cc bnh cha chy xch tay t trong cc cn h, ht hp vi cc tr nc
cha chy ngoi nh
1.7. D ton tng mc u t xy dng
Theo D n u t, chi ph xy dng kin trc, h tng v tng chi ph u t xy
dng "T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph, thnh ph
Vinh" c th hin Bng 1.8 v 1.9 nh sau:
Bng 1.8: Khi ton chi ph xy dng kin trc v h tng
n v tnh: ng
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Hng mc cng trnh

Siu th kinh doanh v vn phng cho thu
Khch sn cao cp 4 sao
Chung c cao tng
Khu nh ph thng mi
Nh lin k
Nh bit th
Nh tr
Nh vn ha
Cy xanh, TDTT, bi xe
H tng
Thnh tin sau thu

441.653.731.200
110.650.425.600
159.851.013.300
239.282.208.000
25.904.340.000
39.021.840.000
2.395.140.000
855.932.000
1.662.544.950
38.920.365.000
1.060.197.540.050
Bng 1.9: Tng hp tng mc u t ton d n
TT
1
2
3
4
5
Ni dung chi ph
Chi ph xy lp
Chi ph qun l d n(Gql)
Chi ph t vn
chi ph khc
Chi ph d phng
Tng mc u t
Gi tr sau thu
1.060.197.540.050
12.426.815.649
33.621.984.526
3.642.935.093
137.151.768.077
1.247.041.043.395
* Ngun vn ca d n:
D kin d n s c huy ng t cc ngun vn sau:
- Vn t c ca doanh nghip;
- Vn vay ngn hng;
- Vn huy ng khc.
1.8. Tin thc hin d n
Bng 1.10: Tin thc hin d n
Phn t xy dng
TT
Danh mc d n
2011
2012 - 2016
I
2
3
4
6
II
7
8
Cc cng trnh h tng

- Gii phng mt bng trong ranh
gii quy hoch.
- Xy dng tuyn ng quy
hoch s 4 rng 30m i qua Khu
quy hoch
- ng bao pha ngoi
- ng khu vc
- ng ni b
-XD h thng cp in, cp nc,
thot nc dc cc tuyn trn
- Cc d n h tng khc
Cc cng trnh kin trc
- Xy dng cc khu lin k
- Xy dng cc cng trnh bit
th
- Xy dng khu chung c cao
tng
- Xy dng khch sn 4 sao, siu
th dcthit b y t
Ngun vn
Vn
Vn
t c
khc
CHNG II
IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T - X HI
2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng
2.1.1. iu kin a hnh v a cht cng trnh
* c im a hnh:
Phm v khu t quy hoch chi tit d n nm trong khu Bc thnh ph Vinh, l vng
t thuc khu trng thp ca thnh ph. Do , cn t chc san nn trc to mt bng
thi cng.
* a cht cng trnh:
Theo ti liu kho st a cht cng trnh ca Cng ty CP kin trc xy dng v
thng mi ATC nm 2010, a cht cng trnh khu t xy dng d n c cc lp t t
trn xung nh sau:
- Lp 1: Trn cng l lp t san lp mt bng, bao gm: Pha trn c vt liu vn xy
dng, b tng, pha di ch yu l ct, bi, ti xp. B dy ca lp trung bnh khong 0,9
1,25m.
- Lp 2: Ct ht nh mu xm vng n su 2,6m tr xung, ct c mu xm ghi
n xm xm. B dy lp thay i trong khong 2,6 3,1m.
- Lp 3: Ct ht mn cha bi mu xm en n en. Trong thnh phn cn cha vy
nh Mica v mnh v s hn. Xung y lp c v s hn dy c v lp kp bn st pha
dy 0,2- 0,4m. Trng thi cht va. B dy ca lp trung bnh khong 3,35m.
- Lp 4: St pha mu xm en n en. Trong thnh phn cn cha tp cht hu c v
v hn. B dy lp trung bnh 5,0m.
- Lp 5: Ct ht nh, mu xm, xm ghi, trng thi cht, bo ho nc. B dy v
su ca lp trung bnh khong 2,15m.
- Lp 6: St do mm, xen kp c ch do chy, mu nu pht hng, pht en. t c
kt cumm xp. B dy lp trung bnh 8,85m.
- Lp 7: St pha mu xm vng, nu vng. Trong thnh phn cha nhng thu knh
nh ct. Kt cu mn do. Trng thi do cng. B dy v su ca lp trung bnh 3,10m.
- Lp 8: St mu xm en, en. Kt cu mm xp. Trng thi do mm n do chy
B dy ca lp trung bnh 12,65m.
- Lp 9: Ct ht nh n va c mu xm, xm ghi, pht vng. Trng thi cht va.
B dy lp trung bnh 2,05m.
- Lp 10: St mu xm, nu vng pht trng. Kt cu mn do. B dy lp trung bnh
5,0m.
- Lp 11: Ct cha si sn c mu xm, xm vng. Trng thi rt cht. B dy ca lp
trung bnh >2,6m.
- Lp 12: Si sn cha cui. Thnh phn thch hc cc ht cui si sn ch yu l
khong vt thch anh mu trng, xm trng, cng chc. Trng thi rt cht. B dy ca lp
trung bnh > 5,4m.
Kt lun kt qu vic kho st thm d a cht khu vc D n u t xy dng T

hp khch sn, siu th dcthit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph vi chiu su khoan 49
m cho thy khu t kh nng thc hin D n m khng gy sp ln khi d n i vo
hot ng.
Ngun: Cng ty CP kin trc xy dng v thng mi ATC, nm 2010
2.1.2. iu kin kh tng thy vn
* c im kh tng:
Khu vc d n nm trong Thnh ph nn c chung ch kh hu ca thnh ph Vinh.
Kh hu nhit i gi ma, c hai ma r rt v c s bin ng ln t vng ny sang vng
khc. Ma ma t thng 5 n thng 10 c ging bo, ma kh t thng 11 n thng 4 nm
sau, thng c nhng t rt, gi ma ng Bc v ma phn.
- Nhit trung bnh nm
: 240C
- Nhit cao nht
: 42,10C
- Nhit thp nht
: 40C
- Bin ngy ca nhit
: 6,10C
- m trung bnh
: 85- 90%.
- Tc gi trung bnh nm
: 2- 5m/s;
S gi nng trung bnh 1.696 gi/nm. Nng lng bc x di do, trung bnh 12 t
Kalo/ha.nm, lng ma trung bnh ngy cao nht trong nm ca thnh ph Vinh l
124mm/ngy. C 2 ma gi r rt: Gi Ty - Nam: Kh xut hin t thng 5 n thng 9;
gi ng - Bc: Km ma phn lnh, m t t thng 10 n thng 4 nm sau; tc gi
trung bnh: 1,5m/s
2,5m/s; tc gi cao nht 34m/s. Bo thng xut hin vo thng 7
n thng 9 hng nm, cp gi mnh t cp 8 n cp 10 v ln ti cp 12.

Ngun: i kh tng thy vn khu vc Bc Trung B.
* c im thy vn v a cht thy vn:
- c im Thy vn:
Nc ngm ph thuc vo nc mt, nc ngm c hai lp:
+ Lp trn nm trong tng ct, su t 0,5- 1,9m, khng c p lc.
+ Lp th hai nm tng ct nh, ngn cch vi lp trn bi tng st pha v thng
c mn cao.
+ Mc nc ngm nng gy nn hin tng ct chy.
- a cht thy vn:
Trong khu vc xy dng nc mt ch xut hin sau nhng trn ma, mt phn thot
ra cc ao h bn cnh, mt phn ngm xung t cho nn b mt lun kh ro.
Nc di t trong khu vc tp trung trong cc lp ct, ct ln si sn vi tr lng
kh ln.
Qua s liu thu thp c hin trng (Cng ty C phn Kin trc xy dng v
Thng mi ATC) cho thy mc nc ngm n nh rt nng (mc nc ngm dao ng
theo ma trong khong 0,6m 1,0m k t mt t). Chnh v vy, khi xy dng tng hm
v mng nng cn c bin php che chn, h mc nc ngm trnh hin tng ct chy ra
t h mng, ph v kt cu t nhin ca t nn.
Kt qu cc mu th nghim nhm nh gi kh nng n mn i vi b tng ct thp

cho thy, nc di t trong khu vc xy dng khng c tnh n mn i vi bt c b
tng ct thp lm bng loi xi mng no.
Kt qu th nghim ht nc ti 1 v tr trong d n cho thy h s thm ca lp cha
nc trn cng thay i t K= 4,59x10-3cm/s - 4,94x10-3cm/s.
2.1.3. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin
Vic xc nh hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng nn khu vc thc hin D n l
ht sc cn thit i vi cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng. l nhng d liu quan
trng nhm tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nhim ng thi lm c s nh gi
mc tc ng ti mi trng ca D n khi i vo hot ng.
nh gi cht lng mi trng nn khu vc thc hin D n, Cng ty C phn T
vn Ti nguyn v Mi trng phi hp vi Trung tm Kim nh An ton Thc phm Mi trng, trng i hc Vinh tin hnh ly mu, phn tch nh gi. Kt qu nh sau:
2.1.3.1. Mi trng khng kh
Khu vc thc hin d n hai mt gip vi tuyn ng giao thng (i l V.I. L Nin
v ng Trng Vn Lnh) l nhng tuyn ng c mt phng tin tham gia giao
thng tng i ln.
Ti thi im ly mu trong khu vc d n khng c hot ng lm pht sinh kh thi,
bi. Ngun pht sinh ch yu do pht tn kh thi, bi ca cc phng tin tham gia giao
thng t 2 tuyn ng nu trn.
Kt qu o c mi trng khng kh khu vc D n c trnh by bng sau:
Bng 2.1: Cht lng mi trng khng kh khu vc thc hin d n
QCVN 05:
Kt qu
Thit b
TT
Thng s
n v
2009/BTNMT
phn tch
K1
K2
(TB 1 gi)
0
1
Nhit
Testo 615
C
28,3
27,8
2
m
Testo 615
%
62,7
61,4
Bi l lng
3
Destrack
mg/m3
0,04
0,038
0,3
(TSP)
GasTec, Hp th,
4
NO
mg/m3 0,013 0,012
0,2
o quang
GasTec, Hp th,
5
CO
mg/m3
2,15
2,12
30
o quang
GasTec, Hp th,
6
SO2
mg/m3 0,018 0,014
0,35
o quang
75
7
Ting n
Cirius
dBA
44,5
44,2
(TCVN 59491998)
Ngun: Trung tm KATTP-MT, trng i hc vinh, 11/2010
Ghi ch: V tr cc im ly mu (S v tr ly mu: Xem phn ph lc).
+ K1: Mu khng kh ly ti v tr pha ng Nam trong khu vc d n, c ta : X:
2068944 (m), Y: 0598453 (m).
+ K2: Mu khng kh ly ti v tr pha Ty Bc trong khu vc d n, c ta : X:
2068822 (m), Y: 0598378 (m).
Cc mu kh c ly ni thong ng, khng b che chn. Ti thi im ly mu tri

nng nh, se lnh.
Nht xt: Qua kt qu o c cho thy nng bi, cc loi kh v gi tr ch tiu
ting n u thp hn ngng quy nh trong QCVN 05: 2009/BTNMT v TCVN 5949 1998.
2.1.3.2. Mi trng nc di t
c c s nh gi mc nh hng ti mi trng nc ngm ca khu vc khi
d n i vo hot ng, Trung tm KATTP-MT, trng i hc vinh cng ly cc mu
nc ngm (nc ging kh oan) v phn tch mt s thng s c trng sau:
Bng 2.2: Cht lng mi trng nc ngm khu vc thc hin D n
TT
Thng s
Thit b
phn tch
n v
Kt qu
QCVN 09:
2008/BTNMT
N1
N2
1 pH
pH Metter
6,85
6,83
5,5 8,5
2 cng (CaCO3) Chun
mg /l
197
194
500
3 NO2
Jenway 3600
mg/l
0,036 0,035
1,0
4 Amoni
Jenway 3600
mg /l
0,035 0,034
0,1
25 SO4
Jenway 3600
mg /l
46
44
400
6 Cl
Chun
mg /l
54
53,5
250
7 Fe
UV-Aglient 8453
mg/l
0,34
0,32
5
8 Mn
UV-Aglient 8453
mg /l
0,27
0,26
5
9 Cu
VA Computrace
mg/l
0,025 0,024
1,0
10 Coliform
My m khun
MPN/100ml
2
1
3
Ngun: Trung tm KATTP-MT, trng i hc vinh, 11/2010
Ghi ch: V tr im ly mu: (S v tr ly mu: Xem phn ph lc).
+ N1: Mu nc ngm ly ti ging khoan su 6m ngoi khu vc d n, ti nh ng
Nguyn Vn Sng, xm 20, x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh, c ta : X: 2068919 (m); Y:
596540 (m).
+ N2: Mu nc ngm ly ti ging khoan su 6m ngoi khu vc d n, ti nh b
Nguyn Th Hng, xm 20 x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh, c ta : X: 2068909 (m); Y:
059479 (m).
Nhn xt: Gi tr ca tt c cc ch tiu u m bo t tiu chun cht lng nc
di t QCVN 09:2008/BTMT.
Ghi ch: Do trong khu vc d n khng c ao h cha nc nn chng ti khng ly
mu nc mt phn tch v nh gi hin trng mi trng nc mt ca khu vc d n.
2.2. iu kin KT- XH x Nghi Ph
X Nghi Ph nm pha ng Bc thnh ph, x c gn 6,5km 2 din tch t t nhin
vi khong 12.000 dn sinh sng, gm 2.700 h, trong 1/3 l gio dn.
Din tch t nng nghip ca x gm 215ha, c phn b thnh 3 vng do 3 Hp
tc x qun l. Lao ng sn xut nng nghip chim 1/3 dn s, c cu cy trng ch yu
l cy lc, la, ng, u v cc loi rau mu. Kinh t ca x pht trin rt a dng c lng
ngh truyn thng nh nu ru, bnh bn, ch bin thc phm, git m gia sc tp trung
v mi y nht l ngnh ngh xy dng rt pht trin. c bit c nhiu n v doanh
nghip xin thu t xy dng cc d n to iu kin thu ht lao ng trn a bn x.

Tng kt cng tc hot ng sn xut trong nm, x Nghi Ph c tng ngun thu t cc loi
hnh kinh t trn 92,5 t ng, t 115% so vi ch tiu ra. Thu ngn sch c gn 1,4
t ng, t 132% k hoch.
V vn ho, TDTT, y t v gio dc: Cc hot ng v vn ho, TDTT, y t, gio dc
c nhiu chuyn bin, cht lng gio dc ngy cng c nng cao, nhn chung cng tc
gio dc c chm lo mt cch ton din. Nm qua, ton x c 100 em hc sinh u
vo cc trng i hc, Cao ng, c gn 70 em vo cc trng Trung cp v dy ngh. H
thng thng tin tuyn truyn c u t vi hiu qu kh cao. Y t c cng c v
pht trin, cng tc dn s gia nh v tr em c quan tm ch o, c s vt cht cho
gio dc y t c tng cng. Gii quyt vic lm v xo i gim ngho c quan
tm v gii quyt hiu qu. Cht lng cuc sng ca nhn dn ngy cng c ci thin
Tnh hnh quc phng, an ninh, trt t ton x hi ngy cng c gi vng v n
nh. Nhng vn bc xc c bn c gii quyt, n th, khiu ni t co vt cp
gim so vi nm trc
V cng tc u t xy dng c bn: Nm 2009 v ang thi cng 22 cng trnh vi
tng gi tr theo thit k d ton c ph duyt l 17,87 t (trong c 11 cng trnh
hon thnh v 11 cng trnh ang thi cng, ngoi ra cn c 4 cng trnh ang lm th tc
n b GPMB).
2.3. Cc tc ng n kinh t - x hi ca d n
a. Tc ng tch cc
- Xy dng mt khu th mi ca ng pha Bc thnh ph Vinh, vi cc khu khch
sn cao tng hin i kt hp vi cc cng trnh thng mi, siu th, dch v, cc cng
trnh cng cng v cc khu nh bit th vn, nh lin k, b cc v khng gian kin
trc, thit k v th mang tnh hin i ph hp vi nh hng quy hoch chung ca
thnh ph Vinh, p ng yu cu pht trin kinh t x hi, bo v cnh quan, mi trng
sinh thi bn vng, p ng nhu cu m rng thnh ph hin ti.
- Thu ht c nhiu lao ng, to cng n vic lm cho ngi dn i phng gp
phn tng trng kinh t ca a phng cng nh n nh an ninh x hi.
b. Tc ng tiu cc
- Lm tng dn s c hc, gy nn nhng so trn nht nh v mt x hi. Bn cnh
nhng li sng tt s xut hin nhng t nn x hi nh hng n an ninh tt t trong khu
vc. Do , cn c s phi hp qun l cht ch gia ch d n v chnh quyn a phng
m bo an ninh tt t v mi trng sng lnh mnh cho cc h dn, khch du lch.
Tuy nhin, so snh gia li ch v thit hi c th thy rng li ch m d n em li
l thit thc v c ngha. Nhng tc ng tiu cc trn c th kim sot v khc phc
c.
3.1.3. D bo nhng ri ro v s c mi trng c th xy ra
- Trong giai on san lp mt bng v thi cng xy dng: Nhng s c chy chp h
thng in tm thi, n cc kho cha nhin liu... Qu trnh thi cng tng hm c th gy
st l h o, st ln cng trnh ln cn, nh hng n mc nc di t.
- Khi d n i vo hot ng: S c chy n chp in lin quan n cc vt dng

dng in, kh gas, trm bin p, ng dy ti in...
+ Trong cc cng trnh: S c chy n, chp in lin quan n vic s dng l t
(kh gas), cc vt dng dng in u c th xy ra. c bit i vi cc cng trnh nh cao
tng (chung c, khch sn, siu th), khu vc tp trung ng ngi (khi dch v cng cng,
nh tr) khi cc s c chy n xy ra l rt nguy him n tnh mng v ti sn con ngi.
+ Ngoi cng trnh: S c chp in dn n chy n ti cc trm bin p, ng dy
ti in t trm bin p n cc cng trnh.
CHNG III
NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG
3.1. NH GI TC NG
3.1.1. Giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng
3.1.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi
Trong qu trnh bc m m, bc lp bn t, san nn, vn chuyn nguyn vt liu thi
cng, xy dng D n s dn n nhng nh hng ti mi trng. Cc ngun gy nhim
mi trng trong giai on ny c th hin bng sau:
Bng 3.1 - Ngun gy tc ng v cc thnh phn gy nhim
Cc loi
Thnh phn ca cc cht
TT
Ngun gy nhim
cht thi
gy nhim
pht sinh
- Bc, di chuyn m m
- Bc lp bn t (hu c).
- Kh photphin (PH3) v
- Hot ng ca cc phng tin
iphotphin (P2H4);
vn chuyn t ct san nn.
- To ra cc loi kh thi:
Kh thi,
1 - Hot ng vn chuyn, bc
SOx, COx, NOx, VOC,
bi
nguyn vt liu thi cng xy dng
CnHm,
h tng k thut.
- Bi
- Hot ng my mc thi cng: My
- Hng khi
san gt t, my lu,
- Nc thi cha cht hu
Nc thi sinh hot ca cn b v
2
c d phn hy, cht rn
cng nhn xy dng h tng D n.
l lng, VSV gy bnh
Nc thi - Cha nhiu cn l lng
3 Nc ma chy trn.
(t, ct)
Nc ra xe, my mc, dng c xy
4
- Cha t, ct, du m
dng.
- t, bn thi, ri vi vt
liu xy dng (t, , ct,
5 Pht sinh t qu trnh xy dng.
si, xi mng), d lau
Cht thi dnh du m,
Gch, , snh s, t, vn
rn
6 Qu trnh bc di chuyn m m
g,
7 Qu trnh pht quang cy c bi
- Cnh, l cy thn mm
Sinh hot ca cn b v cng nhn
- Thc phm tha, giy
8
xy dng
loi, ti bng,
3.1.1.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi
Trong qu trnh gii phng mt bng, thi cng xy dng D n ngoi cc tc ng c
lin quan n cht thi nu trn cn c cc tc ng khng mong mun sau:
- Vic di chuyn m m i ni khc nh hng n tm linh, tn ngng ca ngi

dn.
- Trong qu trnh vn hnh cc xe t, my mc thi cng, my pht in, cc phng
tin tham gia giao thng nh xe ti vn chuyn t ct san lp, thi bn t, vt liu xy
dng, hot ng ct, hn trong qu trnh lp t thit b in, vin thng s gy ra ting n
v rung ln.
- Khi tham gia thi cng, s c mt s ngi tham gia xy dng t cc ni khc n v
s gy ra nhng tc ng x hi nht nh n ngi dn sng xung quanh khu vc D n
v c th xy ra dch bnh, t nn x hi, tranh chp vi ngi dn a phng...
- Trong qu trnh vn chuyn nguyn vt liu cng c th xy ra tai nn giao thng
nu nhng li xe khng tun th lut an ton giao thng ng b.
- Khi tham gia thi cng ti cng trng, nu nhng cng nhn khng tun th cc bin
php v an ton lao ng m nh thu ra c th tai nn lao ng cng s xy ra.
3.1.1.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng
Bng 3.2 - i tng v quy m b tc ng giai on gii phng mt bng
v thi cng xy dng d n
TT i tng b tc ng
Quy m b tc ng
I. Tc ng n mi trng t nhin
- Bn knh nh hng khong 500m t tm khu
t D n.
1
Mi trng khng kh
- Tc ng tm thi, gin on, thi gian tc
ng khong 6 nm.
- Bn knh nh hng khong 50- 100m t tm
khu t d n
2
Ting n
ng khong 6 nm.
- nh hng n cht lng nc di t
quanh khu vc d n nht l nhng ngy ma
3
Mi trng nc
to, gy ngp ng.
ng khong 6 nm.
II. Tc ng n mi trng kinh t - x hi
- nh hng n sc khe ca 100 cng nhn
tham gia thi cng xy dng h tng k thut ti
Cng nhn lm vic ti
4
cng trng.
cng trng
ng khong 6 nm.
Ngi dn sng xung - nh hng n sc khe ca ngi dn tham
quanh khu vc d n gia giao thng v sinh sng quanh cc tuyn
v ngi dn tham gia ng vn chuyn t ct san nn v nguyn vt
5
giao thng qua khu vc liu xy dng.
thc hin d n
ng khong 6 nm.
3.1.1.4. nh gi nh hng ca cc tc ng ti mi trng

3.1.1.4.1. Tc ng trong qu trnh gii phng mt bng
Trong giai on ny d n phi n b din tch t nng nghip, di chuyn m m
cho nhn dn, trong :
- n b t nng nghip: Ch u t gii quyt xong;
- Di chuyn m m: Tt c s ngi m c n b xong, theo d n u t s m
m phi di di l 302 ngi (187 m , 115 m t ( ci tng)). thi im lp bo co
TM ch d n phi hp vi chnh quyn a phng v ch ca cc ngi m bc, di
chuyn c 20% tng s ngi m (tc khong trn 60 ngi m). Trong 12 nm tr li y
ti ngha a ni thc hin d n khng c chn m mi.
Do , tc ng ti mi trng trong giai on ny ch yu l cht thi rn. Thnh
phn cht thi rn bao gm gch, , snh s, t,...vi khi lng tng i ln v lm nh
hng ti mi trng nu khng c bin php gim thiu.
3.1.1.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng khng kh
a. nhim do bi
Tc nhn nhim chnh trong giai on gii phng mt bng, thi cng xy dng l
bi. Bi pht sinh t hot ng bc lp bn t, vn chuyn t san nn, vn chuyn
nguyn vt liu xy dng d n s gy nhim mi trng cc b ti khu vc D n, cc
cng trnh, h dn xung quanh v dc tuyn ng vn chuyn.
Khi vn chuyn do rung ng v gi, bi t t ct trn xe v t ct trn ng s
cun theo gi lm pht sinh bi. Ty theo iu kin cht lng ng, phng thc bc d
v tp kt nguyn vt liu m bi pht sinh nhiu hay t. Nng bi s tng cao trong
nhng ngy tri nng, phm vi pht tn c th ln n 200m nu gp nhng ngy c gi
ln.
Khi lng bi c tnh ton c th nh sau:
- Theo thit k c s d n ti bn v DA-02- Hng mc san nn, khi lng bn t
do vt lp b mt l 31.450,8m3 = 31.450,8 x 1,3 = 40.886,04 tn (khi lng ring ca t
l 1,3 tn/m3). Khi lng bn t ny s c vn chuyn thi ti khu vc vn m
x Nghi Kim, c ly vn chuyn bn t l 5km. D kin, d n s s dng loi xe ti
trng trung bnh 8 tn/xe vn chuyn th s lt xe cn thit vn chuyn bn t i
thi l: 40.886,04/ 8 = 5.110 lt xe.
Quy c, c 2 xe khng ti bng 1 xe c ti. Vy tng s lt xe s dng vn
chuyn bn t i thi l: 5.110 + (5.110 / 2) = 7.665lt xe. (I)
- Theo thit k c s, Khi lng t cn p nn l 113.492,2 m 3 =
113.492,2x1,3= 147.539,86 tn (khi lng ring ca t l 1,3 tn/m3). D kin, t p
nn dng t ti m t x Nam Thi, huyn Nam n. M t ny cch khu vc d n
khong 35 km, ng vn chuyn l ng nha.
- S lt xe cn vn chuyn ct san nn: 147.539,86/8 = 18.442 lt xe (ti trng
trung bnh 8 tn/xe).
Quy c, c 2 xe khng ti bng 1 xe c ti. Vy tng s lt xe s dng vn
chuyn ct san nn l: 18.442 + (18.442 / 2) = 27.663 lt xe. (II)
Nh vy, s lt xe cn thit vn chuyn bn t thi v t san lp mt bng l:

(I) + (II) = 7.665+ 27.663 = 35.328 lt xe. (III)
- Khi lng nguyn vt liu vn chuyn thi cng xy dng d n:
Theo h s d ton (Cng ty CP kin trc xy dng v thng mi ATC, thng
05/2010), thit k c s (Cng ty CP kin trc xy dng v thng mi ATC, thng
10/2010), khi lng nguyn vt liu phc v cho cng trnh c tnh nh bng sau:
Bng 3.3 - D ton khi lng nguyn vt liu
Trng
Trng lng
TT
Tn vt t
n v Khi lng
lng
(tn)
ring
1
0,5- 1,0mm
m3
112,073
1,6000
179,3168
3
2
0,5- 1,6mm
m
143,358
1,6000
229,3728
3
3
0,5- 2,0mm
m
480,284
1,6000
768,4544
3
4
dm 0,5x1
m
177,26
1,6000
283,616
3
5
dm 1x2
m
1602,566
1,6000
2.564,1056
3
6
dm 2x4
m
317,325
1,5000
475,9875
3
7
dm 4x6
m
2358,72
1,5000
3.538,08
3
8
Ct mn (lm ng)
m
931,722
1,2000
1.118,0664
3
9
Ct mn ML 0,7- 1,4
m
64,542
1,3100
84,55002
3
10 Ct mn ML 1,5- 2,0
m
928,15
1,3800
1.280,847
3
11 Ct vng
m
1521,96
1,4500
2.206,842
12 Gch ch 6,5x10,5x22cm vin
2.152.704
0,0023
4.951,2192
3
13 G nep
m
33,406
1,0000
33,406
3
14 G chng
m
1.119,862
1,0000
1.119,862
3
15 G vn
m
1.404,819
1,0000
1.404,819
3
16 G vn khun
m
1.120,796
1,0000
1.120,796
17 Thp cc loi
kg
21.386,401
0,0010
21,386401
18 Vi cc
kg
2.234,416
2,0000
4.468,832
3
19 Va b tng
m
6.191,12
2,3500
14.549,132
1.033.710,58
20 Xi mng PC30
kg
4
1,5000
1.550.565,876
21
Tng
1.590.964,567
Ngun: H s d ton - Cng ty CP kin trc xy dng v thng mi ATC
S dng xe t c trng ti 8 tn, nh vy s lt xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu phc
v thi cng xy dng d n l 198.871 lt xe. (IV)
Tng s lt xe vn chuyn bn t, t san nn v nguyn vt liu cho d n trong 6
nm (72 thng) l: (III) + (IV) = 35.328 + 198.871 = 234.199 lt xe (tng ng 39.033
lt xe/nm, vi thi gian thi cng 6 nm).
Ty theo cht lng ng s, phng thc vn chuyn t ct, bc d v tp kt
nguyn liu m nhim pht sinh nhiu hay t. Nng bi s tng cao trong nhng ngy
kh, nng gi.
Tnh ti lng bi trong qu trnh vn chuyn (Theo WHO, 1993) nh sau:
Trong : L : Ti lng bi (kg/km/lt xe/nm);

K : Kch thc ht (0,2);
s : Lng t trn ng (8,9%);
S : Tc trung bnh ca xe (20 km/h);
W : Trng lng c ti ca xe (8 tn);
w : S bnh xe (6 bnh);
P : S ngy hot ng trong nm, P = 288 ngy.
T cng thc (*) thay s tnh ton ta c L = 0,00058 kg/km/lt xe/nm. Vy, ti
lng nhim bi do vn chuyn l 0,00058 kg/km/lt xe/nm x 35 km x 39.033 lt
xe/nm = 792,37 kg bi/nm = 2,75 kg/ngy trong sut qu trnh thi cng xy dng d n.
Qu trnh o p, vn chuyn s pht sinh bi, thng thng gi tr hm lng bi l
lng o c ti khu vc thi cng dao ng trong khong 0,9- 2,7 mg/m 3 tc cao hn quy
chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh 3- 9 ln (QCVN 05:
2009/BTNMT quy nh nng bi: 0,3mg/m 3). Tuy nhin, nhim bi s gim v cht
lng ng giao thng quanh khu vc vn chuyn kh tt v n v thi cng, ch d n s
thc hin cc bin php phng nga nhim nh ti m ng, v sinh mt bng, to
m cho nguyn vt liu,
b. nhim do kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng
Theo cc kt qu tnh ton trn, trong 72 thng xy dng h tng k thut D n s c
khong 234.199 lt xe bao gm tham gia vn chuyn t thi (bc lp hu c), t ct
san nn v nguyn vt liu xy dng phc v thi cng cng trnh.
Da vo h s nhim do T chc Y t Th gii (WHO) thit lp i vi cc loi xe
vn ti s dng du DO c trng ti 3,5- 10 tn bng 3.4, c th c tnh c tng lng
bi v cc cht nhim trong kh thi phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng
nh bng 3.5 di y.
Bng 3.4: H s nhim ca cc phng tin giao thng
Trng lng xe
Bi
SO2
NOx
CO
VOC
< 3,5 tn
0,20
1,16S
0,70
1,00
0,15
3,5 - 10 tn
0,90
4,29S
11,8
6,00
2,60
Ngun: Handbook of emission, Non Industrial source, Netherlands
Bng 3.5: c tnh ti lng cc cht nhim trong kh thi ca cc phng tin vn
chuyn bn thi, t v nguyn vt liu xy dng
Ti lng
Cht
Ti lng
Tng chiu di
STT
kg/72 thng
kg/ngy
nhim
(kg/1.000km)
(1.000 km)
01
02
03
04
05
06
Bi
SO2
NOX
CO
THC
VOC
0,9
4,15S
11,4
4,5
0,8
2,3
35
35
35
35
35
35
31,5
145,25
399
157,5
28
80,5
0,018
0,084
0,231
0,091
0,016
0,046
Ngun: Cng ty C phn T vn Ti nguyn v Mi trng, 11/2010

Ghi ch:
- S l hm lng lu hunh trong du DO (0,5%);
- Qung ng vn chuyn trung bnh cho 1 chuyn xe c c tnh l 35 km.
Bi, ting n do phng tin xe c gy nh hng n i sng cng ng dn c dn
dc cc tuyn ng vn chuyn. Gia tng mt xe c i li trn ng, c th gy ra tai
nn giao thng, n tc v cht lng ng s.
Bi cng vi cc kh NO2, SO2, CO, THC v VOC t cc phng tin giao thng s
lm nhim khng kh xung quanh. Gia tng cc kh gy hiu ng nh knh, nh hng n
cht lng khng kh t tc ng ln cc yu t mi trng, con ngi v sinh vt.
Tuy nhin, cc ngun gy nhim trn mang tnh tm thi, khng lin tc, phn tn v
ty thuc vo cng thi cng, khi lng xe c gii, lu lng ngi. Do , mc nh
hng n mi trng khng ln. ng thi, trong qu trnh thc hin Ch u t yu cu
n v thi cng thc hin cc bin php gim thiu.
c. nhim ting n do hot ng ca cc phng tin vn ti v thi cng
Trong giai on thi cng xy dng ngoi cc tc ng i vi mi trng khng kh
k trn, ting n cng l yu t mang tnh cht vt l v nh hng ti mi trng khng
kh khu vc. Ting n pht sinh ch yu t cc my mc thi cng, xe vn ti nng, my
pht in
Ting n trong thi cng nhn chung khng lin tc, ph thuc vo loi hnh hot ng
v cc my mc, thit b s dng. Hin nay, nhiu nc trn Th gii trong c Vit
Nam ang s dng tiu chun ting n in hnh ca cc phng tin, thit b thi cng ca
"y ban BVMT U.S Ting n t cc thit b xy dng v my mc xy dng NJID,
31/12/1971" lm cn c kim sot mc n ngun. Chi tit c th hin trong Bng 3.6.
Bng 3.6 - Mc n in hnh ca cc thit b, phng tin thi cng
khong cch 2m
TT Hot ng thi cng
Mc n khong cch 2m
I. San nn v m cht
1
My san
89 93
2
My lu
73 75
II. Ri ng
1
My ri
56 88
2
Xe ti
83 94
3
My m
74 77
III. Bc v vn chuyn bn t
1
My i
80
2
Xe ti
83 94
IV. Thi cng xy dng
1
Xe ch xi mng v t
83 94
2
Xe ti
83 94
Ngun: y ban BVMT U.S
Qu trnh lan truyn m thanh trong khng kh ph thuc vo c trng ca sng m
(tn s v bc sng). Trong trng hp nu m thanh c to ra t mt im th mt h
thng sng cu s lan truyn ra khu vc xung quanh vi tc 363m/s cho m thanh u
tin sinh ra (U.S Department of Transprtation, 1992). Qu trnh lan truyn sng m trong
khng kh, chiu cao ca sng (cng m thanh) bt k im no cho trc s gim i
do tn tht nng lng trong qu trnh lan truyn m thanh t ngun im s c biu din
bng cng thc sau:
Lp(X) = Lp(X0) + 20lg(X0/X) (**)
Trong :
Lp(X0) : Mc n cch ngun 1m (dBA)
X0
: 1m
Lp(X) : Mc n ti v tr cn tnh ton (dBA)
X
: V tr cn tnh ton
T cng thc (**), c th tnh ton mc gy n ca cc thit b thi cng trn cng
trng ti mi trng xung quanh khong cch 200m v 500m. Kt qu c th hin
bng sau:
Bng 3.7 - Mc n in hnh ca cc thit b, phng tin thi cng
khong cch 200m v 500m
Mc n
Mc n
Mc n
TT Hot ng thi cng
khong cch
khong cch
khong cch
2m
200m
500m
I. San nn v m cht
1
My san
89 93
69
68
2
My lu
73 75
64
54
II. Ri ng
1
My ri
56 88
67
59
2
Xe ti
83 94
72
59
3
My m
74 77
68
54
III. Bc v vn chuyn bn t
1
My i
80
68
59
2
Xe ti
83 94
70
66
IV. Thi cng xy dng
1
Xe ch xi mng v t
83 94
70
61
2
Xe ti
83 94
70
61
TC 3733/2002/BYT
90
TCVN 5949- 1998
75
75
Ghi ch:
- TC 3733/2002/BYT: Ting n i vi khu vc sn xut;
- TCVN 5949- 1998: Ting n i vi khu vc dn c.
Kt qu tnh ton trn cho thy, ting n sinh ra do phng tin giao thng v thit
b thi cng trn cng trng m bo gii hn cho php i vi khu vc thi cng theo tiu
chun TC 3733/2002/BYT v vt gii hn cho php i vi khu dn c theo tiu chun
TCVN 5949- 1998 khong cch 200m t ngun pht sinh (khong cch t d n ti khu
dn c gn nht l 100m).
d, nhim do rung ng t qu trnh p cc
Ngoi cc nh hng ting n, rung ng ca cc my mc phng tin thi cng nu

trn th trong qu trnh xy dng D n cn b nh hng do rung ng pht ra t qu trnh
p cc (xy dng 2 nh chung c, siu th dcthit b y t, khch sn 4 sao khi nh 3
tng). Tc ng ca cc thit b p cc c nu di y:
- Cc tm lin kt c chiu di 5 7,5m vi mt ct hnh ch U c ng n su
cn thit, to thnh mt tm (panel) thp lin kt vi nhau. Mt ba my 8 tn vi cng
nng u vo 48KJ c th gy chn ng 12,9mm/s c ly 10m.
- p cc vo lp t bn vi xung nng u vo 30KJ c th gy chn ng 4,30mm/s
c ly 10m.
- My ba diesel hot ng trn nn t st c th gy chn ng 7mm/s c ly 10m.
Trong s cc cng trnh ca D n vic xy dng 4 ta nh cao 12 tng l ngun gy
n v rung ln nht, c bit l giai on thi cng mng, v khu vc l nn t yu nn c
nhu cu p cc. Theo quy hoch, khu t xy dng cc khu nh ny nm cch dn c v 2
trng hc (Tiu hc, THCS Nghi Ph) nh sau:
+ Khu chung c 1 cch dn c 100m, chung c 2 cch dn c trn 500m;
+ Khch sn 12 tng cch trng hc trn 500m.
+ Siu th dc - thit b y t 12 tng cch trng hc v dn c 100m.
V vy, nh hng ca rung ng v ting n l c ng k. Do , yu cu n v thi
cng cn ch s dng my p cc v bin php thi cng ph hp gim thiu n mc
thp nht nh hng ny.
Vi hin trng d n, qu trnh thi cng ngoi vic gy ra nhng tc ng ln cc cng
nhn lao ng ti cng trng cn tc ng ng k no ln ngi dn, hc sinh trong khu
vc.
3.1.1.4.3 Tc ng n mi trng nc
a. nhim do nc ma chy trn
Nc ma chy trn giai on ny l loi nc sinh ra do lng nc ma ri vi trn
mt bng 7,86273 ha. Nc ma chy trn c cht lng ph thuc vo sch ca kh
quyn v lng cc cht ra tri trn mt bng khu vc d n.
Ti khu vc thi cng xy dng D n, cht lng ngun thi nc ma chy trn ch
ph thuc vo b mt mt bng khu vc thi cng do hin trng cht lng mi trng
khng kh ca khu vc d n l kh tt, khng th lm nhim c ngun nc ma ca
khu vc.
Thnh phn nhim trong nc ma chy trn giai on thi cng xy dng ch yu
gm cc cht l lng b nc ma cun tri, du m. c bit, trong giai on ny b mt
mt bng thi cng cha hon thin, d b ra tri v xi b mt.
Lng nc ln nht ri trc tip xung cng trng thi cng trong ma ma v c th
c tnh thi lng nc ln nht chy trn trn b mt trong 1 ngy nh sau:
Din tch khu vc d n l 78.627,3m2, cng ma ln nht ngy l 124mm. Do
, lu lng nc ma chy qua mt bng D n c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Q = w x q x F = 0,5 x 124 x 10-3 x 78.627,3 = 4.874,89 m/ngy.m.
Trong :
Q: Lu lng tnh ton (m3);
w: H s dng chy ph thuc vo mt ph ca khu vc tnh ton, chn w = 0,5;

q: Cng ma ln nht ngy (q = 124 mm/ngy);
F: Din tch D n (F = 78.627,3m2).
c tnh khong 30% lng nc ma ngm xung t v bc hi, do lng nc
ma chy trn trn b mt l: 4.874,89 x 0,7 = 3.412,42 m/ngy.
Trong giai on thi cng xy dng, nng cc cht l lng trong nc ma chy
trn cao, nng c th dao ng t 50- 100mg/l. Do vy, c th nh hng ln ti ngun
tip nhn l mng thot nc ca thnh ph (i l V.I. Lnin).
Do vy, cn tnh ton v xy dng h thng thot nc ma m bo tiu thot trit
, khng gy tc nghn mng thot nc.
b. nhim do nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn
Nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn ti khu vc xy dng D n l nguyn nhn chnh
nh hng n cht lng nc khu vc xung quanh. Nc thi sinh hot cha nhiu cht
cn b, cht hu c d phn hu, cht dinh dng v cc vi khun gy bnh nn c th gy
nhim ngun nc mt v nc ngm nu khng c x l.
Da vo khi lng cc cht nhim th hin trong Bo co hin trng nc thi
th - Vin KH v CNMT - i hc Bch khoa H Ni nm 2006, khi lng cc cht
nhim mi ngi thi vo mi trng hng ngy c a ra trong Bng 3.8 nh sau:
Bng 3.8- Khi lng cc cht nhim do mi ngi pht sinh hng ngy
TT
Cht nhim
Khi lng (g/ngi/ngy)
1
BOD5
45 - 54
2
Cht rn l lng
70 - 145
3
Du m phi khong
10 - 30
4
NO3- (tnh theo nit)
6 - 12
35
PO4 (tnh (theo photpho)
0,8 - 4,0
6
6
Coliform
10 - 109 MPN/100ml
Ngun: Bo co hin trng NTT- Vin KH&CNMT- DHBKHN nm 2006
S lng cng nhn tham gia xy dng D n dao ng khong 50- 100 ngi/ngy.
Vi nh mc s dng nc l 100 lt nc/ngi/ngy (Theo TCXD 33- 2006), lng nc
thi pht sinh bng 80% lng nc cp (80 lt/ngi/ngy) th tng lng nc thi sinh
hot pht sinh ti cng trng hng ngy khong 8,0 m 3/ngy (ngy cao im c 100 cng
nhn lao ng ti cng trng). Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh
hot ti khu vc xy dng D n c tnh da vo khi lng cht nhim, s lng cng
nhn, lu lng nc thi, kt qu c trnh by trong Bng 3.9 di y:
Bng 3.9- Nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot
TT
Cht nhim
1
2
3
4
5
BOD
TSS
Du m TV
NO3- (tnh theo nit)
PO43- (tnh (theo P)
Ti lng
Nng cc cht nhim
cht nhim trong NTSH trc x l
(kg/ngy)
(mg/l)
50
100
20
50
10
5000
6 Coliform
106 - 109 MPN/100ml
MPN/100ml
Ngun: Cng ty C phn T vn Ti nguyn v Mi trng, 11/2010
Ghi ch: QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT (Ct B): Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc
thi sinh hot;
Vi kt qu tnh ton Bng 3.9 trn cho thy nc thi sinh hot khng c x l
th nng cc cht nhim vt rt nhiu so vi quy chun QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT
(ct B). Nu khng xy dng, lp t h thng thu gom v x l th hng ngy s c mt
lng ln cht nhim thi ra mi trng. y l ngun nhim ng k, tc ng trc
tip ti mi trng sng ca cng nhn v nhn dn quanh khu vc d n, gy dch bnh v
nh hng trc tip ti mi trng nc ngm v nc mt. Lng nc thi sinh hot ny
Ch d n s c bin php x l thch hp, c th gii php c nu chng 4 ca bo
co ny.
c. nhim do nc thi thi cng
Nc thi pht sinh t qu trnh thi cng ti d n do ra nguyn liu, thit b, my
mc, nc dng h b tng, ra bnh xe, c tnh ca loi nc thi ny c hm lng
cht rn l lng v cc cht hu c cao, thnh phn nc thi ny c thng k bng
sau:
Bng 3.10 - Nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi thi cng
QCVN 24:
TT
Ch tiu
n v
Nc thi thi cng
2009/BTNMT
pH
6,99
5,5 9
1
SS
mg/l
663,0
100
2
COD
mg/l
640,9
100
3
BOD5
mg/l
429,26
50
4
+
NH4
mg/l
9,6
10
5
Tng N
mg/l
49,27
30
6
Tng P
mg/l
4,25
6
7
Fe
mg/l
0,72
5
8
Zn
mg/l
0,004
3
9
mg/l
0,055
0,5
10 Pb
mg/l
0,305
100
11 As
12
Du m
4,5 5,4
7,0 14,5
1,0 3,0
0,6 1,2
0,08 1,4
QCVN 14:
2008/BTNMT
(ct B)
mg/l
563 - 675
875 - 1813
125 - 375
75 - 150
10 - 50
0,02
TT
13
Ch tiu
Coliform
n v
Nc thi thi cng
MPN/100ml
53 x 104
QCVN 24:
2009/BTNMT
5.000
Ngun: CEETIA
Kt qu phn tch trong Bng 3.10 trn cho thy: Mt s ch tiu cht lng nc thi
trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng D n nm trong ch tiu cho php ca QCVN 24:
2009/BTNMT. Ring cc ch tiu nh cht rn l lng ln hn gii hn cho php 6,6 ln;
COD gp 8 ln; BOD5 gp 8,6 ln v Coliform gp 106 ln.
Lng nc ny tuy khng nhiu nhng nu khng c x l m x thng ra mi trng
s lm nhim ngun nc mt, nc di t v cnh quan khu vc cng nh sc khe ca
cng nhn thc hin d n.
3.1.1.4.4. Tc ng n mi trng t
Trong giai on xy dng, vic san lp mt bng, xy dng h tng k thut d n s
lm thay i ch dng chy t nhin, d xi mn t khi c ma ln do t khu vc ch
yu l t st pha ct, kh nng thm thu nc km. Nc thi c ln du m (tuy khng
nhiu) chy theo nc ma ra xung quanh lm gim cht lng ca t ti khu vc c bit
l t nng nghip ti cc vng t thp.
c bit trong qu trnh thi cng, do cha hon thin h thng thot nc ca d n,
nn s gy gp ng cc b v gia tng mc nh hng ti cht lng mi trng t.
Nhng ngun ny nu khng c thu gom, x l m thi ba bi ra xung quanh s l
ngun gy nhim mi trng khu vc.
3.1.1.4.5 Tc ng do cht thi rn
a, nhim do cht thi rn xy dng
Cht thi rn xy dng pht sinh trong giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy
dng bao gm:
- Gch , snh s, t, t qu trnh bc, di chuyn cc ngi m ci tng trong
d n. Khi lng cht thi c nh gi l tng i ln, do ch u t cn c bin
php thu gom, vn chuyn v thi ng ni quy nh.
- Bn t thi do qu trnh bc lp mt l 31.286,68 tn (Tnh ton mc 1.6.2.2,
chng I) l tng i ln. D kin lng bn t ny n v thi cng s vn chuyn
thi ti khu vc vn m x Nghi Kim. Do , trong qu trnh vn chuyn n v thi cng
phi ch gim thiu cc tc ng ti mi trng do ri vi cht thi lm nhim mi
trng trn tuyn ng vn chuyn.
- t pht sinh do qu trnh xy dng tng hm, vi tng khi lng 18,325,7m 3 {Khu
chung c (din tch 1.067m2, su 3,3m tng ng vi 3.521,1m3), Khu siu th (din tch
1.198,15m2, su 3,3m tng ng vi 3.953,9m 3), Khu khch sn (din tch 2583,5m2, su
4,2m tng ng vi 10.850,7m3)}, l tng i ln nhng n v thi cng s tn dng
b sung vo nn ng. Do , nh hng ca n ti mi trng l khng ng k v c
th kim sot c.
- Cht thi rn do vn chuyn t ct san nn, nguyn vt liu xy dng l c, n v
thi cng s che ph kn xe trc khi vn chuyn v xe ra khi khu vc d n s c phun
nc ra bnh xe.
- Cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng: Bao b ng xi mng, va xi mng
ri vi, gch vn, st thp vn, Khi lng cc cht thi rn ny pht sinh ph thuc
vo rt nhiu yu t nh qu trnh xy dng v ch qun l d n, ngun cp vt liu xy
dng, Do vy, ti lng thi ca ngun thi ny kh c th c tnh chnh xc.
Tuy nhin, theo kinh nghim thi cng xy dng ca mt s khu dn c, th, khch
sn, ch u t cam kt ngun thi ny khng c nhng tc ng ln ti mi trng khu
vc v cc bin php gim thiu p dng vi ngun thi ny c th gim thiu trt
mc nhim cng nh khi lng pht sinh ngun thi ra mi trng xung quanh.
a, nhim do cht thi rn sinh hot
Cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh do qu trnh sinh hot ca cng nhn ti cng trng,
thnh phn ch yu ca CTRSH l ti nilng, giy vn, bao gi thc n tha...).
c tnh, mi cng nhn lm vic ti khu vc D n thi ra khong 1,3 kg rc thi
sinh hot mi ngy. Cht thi sinh hot ny nhn chung cha nhiu cht hu c, d phn
hu (tr bao b, nylon).
Nu tnh thi im thi cng cao im mi ngy ti khu vc D n c 100 cng nhn
lm vic, th tng khi lng rc thi sinh hot hng ngy c th c tnh c l 130
kg/ngy.
Lng rc thi ny nu khng c qun l thu gom hiu qu s gy tc ng n
ngun nc mt, nc ngm, gy nn mi hi thi kh chu ti khu vc D n do qu trnh
phn hy v cun tri ca nc ma. Cc cht thi v c kh phn hy nh chai l, ti
nilon v cc vt dng khc c mt trong nc s lm mt m quan, nh hng n cht
lng nc v lm gim kh nng khuch tn oxy vo nc qua tc ng n cc sinh
vt thu sinh.
khc phc nh hng ny Ch u t a ra mt s phng php khc phc
nu c th chng 4 ca bo co ny.
b, nhim do cht thi rn nguy hi
Qu trnh tp kt v lu gi nguyn vt liu ti cng trng t pht sinh cht thi rn cng
nh cc loi cht thi gy nhim khc do Ch d n hn ch vic tp kt qu nhiu nguyn
vt liu ti cng trng (ch ng mua nguyn vt liu ti khu vc gn d n)
Hot ng bo dng phng tin nu thc hin ngay ti cng trng cng c th gy
pht sinh cn du nht, v chai ng du nht v gi lau nhim du nht,..nu nh khng
c thu gom x l s nh hng n cnh quan, lm nhim mi trng nc mt, nc
di t. Tuy nhin, Ch d n s c bin php thu gom v x l theo quy ch cht thi
nguy hi gim thiu tc ng tiu cc n mi trng khu vc.
3.1.1.4.6. Cc tc ng n kinh t - x hi ca d n
a. Tc ng ti vn ha v tn gio
Di di m m l mt vn ht sc nhy cm v y l vn tm linh, phong tc v
vn ha ca ngi Vit Nam ni chung v nhn dn a phng ni ring. Do , c th
pht sinh nhng phn ng tiu cc t pha nhng h gia nh c m m phi di di. Ngoi
ra, nhng kh khn trong vic di chuyn m m n khu t mi cng l vn cn thit
c tnh ton.
b, Tc ng n an ton lao ng v sc kho cng ng
- i vi vn an ton lao ng vic vn chuyn, bc d v lp t my mc v

thit b, s dng in trong thi cng u c kh nng xy ra v gy tc ng ln nu
khng c bin php an ton v phng nga s c.
- i vi sc kho cng ng, y l vn cn c quan tm nht, v vi vic
tp trung mt lc lng lao ng khng nh ca d n, cc thit b thi cng trong thi
gian 72 thng s c nh hng n cc h dn sng khu vc xung quanh v trn cc
tuyn ng vn chuyn vo khu vc d n, nh hng n trng hc ti hc tp ca
hc sinh. Bi vy vic trin khai cc bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng (c bit
l nhim bi, n) l rt cn thit. Cng tc t chc b tr, ch n cho cng nhn thi
cng cng cn c m bo. Cng nhn thi cng ngoi tri trong iu kin thi tit
khng thun li s gy nh hng n sc khe, bnh dch c th xy ra v nh hng
ti khu vc cng ng nhn dn xung quanh.
c, Tc ng n giao thng v trt t v sinh ng ph
Trong giai on xy dng ca D n, s lng xe ti c s dng cho vn chuyn
t ct, nguyn vt liu xy dng l kh ln. Cc tuyn ng chnh s dng cho hot
ng ny s l QL1A, ng Trnh Vinh, i l V.I. L Nin, ng lin x dn vo khu
vc D n. V vy, hot ng ca cc xe ti c th gy cn tr ti giao thng trn cc
tuyn ng ny.
S gia tng mt giao thng trong khu vc do cc xe ti phc v xy dng D n
s lm tng nguy c xy ra cc tai nn giao thng trn cc tuyn ng vn chuyn
nguyn vt liu xy dng.
Hin ti, tnh hnh tai nn giao thng trn cc tuyn quc l nc ta xy ra kh
phc tp. Tuy nhin, i vi cc tuyn ng QL1 cc tnh l v ng lin x dn vo
khu vc D n, vn tai nn vn mc nh do mt giao thng trn cc tuyn ng
ny v mt dn c ven ng vn cha qu cao. Do vy, hot ng ca cc xe ti phc
v D n s khng gy ra vn ln v tai nn giao thng trn hu ht cc tuyn ng vn
chuyn. Tuy vy, Ban qun l d n vn cn phi p dng cc bin php gim thiu nhm
phng nga tai nn giao thng.
3.1.2. Giai on d n i vo hot ng
3.1.2.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi
Trong qu trnh hot ng ca d n s sinh ra cht thi t cc ngun sau:
Bng 3.11. Ngun gy nhim c lin quan n cht thi
Cc loi
Thnh phn ca cc
TT
Ngun gy nhim
cht thi
cht gy nhim
T hot ng xe ra vo chung c,
- To ra kh thi COx,
1 siu th, khch sn, nh tr, dch Kh thi, bi
NOx, SOx, CnHm, bi
v
T sinh hot ca cc h dn, nhn
Nc thi
- Cht hu cm cht
vin vn phng, khch ra vo
rn l lng d phn
2
khch sn, siu th v cc hot
hy, vi sinh vt, cht
ng dch v thng mi khc
ty ra tng hp
3 Nc ma chy trn
- Cha nhiu cn l
T sinh hot cc h dn v dch

v khch sn, siu th, nh tr,
khu cng cng
Cht thi rn
lng (t, ct)

+ Cht thi rn sinh
hot (Thc phm d
tha, giy loi, bao
b)
+ Cht thi nguy hi
(c quy, bng n
neon, pin, h hng)
3.1.2.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi

- Ting n sinh ra do hot ng t cc cn h trong khu chung c, lin k, khch sn,
siu th: Nh tivi, catset,... ting n phng tin giao thng vn ti qua li trong khu d n,
c bit ting n pht sinh t nh tr;
- Ting n do trm in, my pht in d phng...
- S gia tng dn s ti cc khu nh cng ko theo s gia tng cng ting n sinh
hot trong khu vc dn c, khu dch v...
- S c chy n sinh ra t cc s c my mc, in;
- S c st l t, sp, ln cc cng trnh, trn ngp nc,
- S tng mt v thnh phn dn c c th gy cc vn tiu cc mt trt t an
ninh khu vc nu Ch d n khng c hng qun l hiu qu;
- Ngoi ra c th xy ra dch bnh, t nn x hi, tranh chp vi ngi dn a
phng...
3.1.2.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng
Bng 3.12: i tng, quy m b tc ng trong
giai on d n i vo hot ng
TT i tng b tc ng
Quy m b tc ng
- Khng ng k, nm trong kh nng chu ti ca
1 Mi trng khng kh
mi trng
- nh hng n cht lng nc mt v nc
di t quanh khu vc d n.
2 Mi trng nc
- Thi gian tc ng: Din ra trong sut qu trnh
hot ng ca d n.
- nh hng n cht lng nc mt v nc
di t, cnh quan quanh khu vc d n.
3 Cht thi rn
hot ng ca d n.
- nh hng n sc khe ca ngi dn sng
Ngi dn sng quanh quanh khu vc thc hin d n
4
khu vc d n
hot ng ca d n.
3.1.2.4. nh gi nh hng ca cc tc ng ti mi trng

3.1.2.4.1 Tc ng n mi trng khng kh
Khi T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph vo hot
ng, cc nguyn pht sinh kh thi gy nhim mi trng bao gm:
a. i vi bi v kh thi giao thng
Khi D n i vo hot ng, cc phng tin giao thng cng s l mt ngun pht
sinh nhim do kh thi. Cc loi phng tin ra vo khu ny bao gm: Xe t, xe m t
v mt lng xe ti vn chuyn hng ha ra vo.
Trong qu trnh hot ng, cc phng tin vn ti ny vi nhin liu ch yu l xng
v du diesel s thi ra mi trng khng kh mt lng khi thi tng i ln cha cc
cht nhim nh NO2, CO, CO2, VOC...
Nng cc kh ny ph thuc vo mt xe v chng loi xe chy qua khu vc.
Tuy nhin, do lu lng xe ra vo khu nh khng lin tc v khu vc d n rng,
thong ng v quanh khu nh c trng nhiu loi cy bng mt, nn nh hng ca loi
nhim ny l khng ng k.
b. i vi kh thi t hot ng nu nng
Vic s dng nhin liu vo vic nu nng hng ngy s pht sinh kh thi gy
nhim khng kh. y l tc ng di hn, khng th trnh khi. Tuy nhin, ngi dn phn
ln s s dng ch yu gas hay in nn kh thi thi ra vi nng kh thp v hu nh
nh hng khng ng k n mi trng khu vc.
c. i vi ting n v rung
Ting n, rung gy ra ch yu do cc phng tin giao thng vn ti ca chnh
ngi dn trong d n, ngoi ra cn c mt s loi phng tin vn ti ca khch qua li
khc, cc loi xe khc nhau s pht sinh mc n khc nhau. V d xe du lch nh c mc
n 77 dBA, xe ti- xe khch: 84- 95 dBA, xe m t: 94 dBA...Ting n cng pht sinh t
my pht in d phng Mc n ca my pht in d phng v cc loi xe c gii c
nu trong bng 3.8 di y:
Bng 3.13: Mc n ca cc loi xe c gii
Tiu chun n ti khu dn c
Loi xe
Ting n (dBA)
(TCVN 5949: 1998)
Ban ngy (dBA)
Ban m (dBA)
Xe du lch
77
Xe mini bus
84
Xe th thao
91
Xe vn ti
93
60
45 - 55
Xe m t 4 th
94
Xe m t 2 th
80 - 100
My pht in
> 90
Ngun: Phm Ngc ng, Mi trng khng kh, NXB KHKT H Ni 1997
Nhn vo Bng 3.12 ta thy my pht in d phng v hu ht cc hot ng giao
thng u pht sinh ting n vt tiu chun ting n ti khu dn c, ch d n s c
phng n c th nhm gim thiu ti a cc tc ng ca ting n ln khu vc D n
chng IV ca bo co.
3.1.2.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng nc
Nc thi pht sinh ch yu l nc ma chy trn v nc thi sinh hot ca cc h
dn khu nh , nh tr, cc cn h chung c, nhn vin v khch ti khch sn, siu th
dc - thit b y t.
a. Nc ma chy trn
Nc ma chy trn i khi cng b nhim bi cc cht nhim c trong thin
nhin. Nhng nhn chung, nc ma chy trn c coi l loi nc nhim nh v kh
sch so vi cc loi nc thi khc.
b. Nc thi sinh hot
Nc thi sinh hot l tc nhn chnh gy nhim mi trng trong giai on d n i
vo hot ng. Lu lng nc thi khong 600,568 m 3/ngy.m (Theo kt qu tnh ton
th hin bng 1.6, mc 1.6.2.4, chng 1). c trng ca nc thi sinh hot l hm
lng cht hu c ln (t 55 6 5% tng lng cht bn), cha nhiu vi sinh vt, trong
c vi sinh vt gy bnh. ng thi trong nc thi cn c nhiu vi khun phn hy cht hu
c cn thit cho qu trnh chuyn ha cht bn trong nc. Thnh phn nc thi sinh hot
ph thuc vo tiu chun cp nc, c im h thng thot nc, iu kin trang thit b
v sinh,.. nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot c nu trong bng 3.14.
Bng 3.14: Thnh phn nc thi sinh hot khu dn c
Ch tiu
Trong khong
Trung bnh
Tng cht rn (TS), mg/l
350 1.200
720
- cht rn ha tan (TDS), mg/l
250 850
500
- cht rn l lng (SS), mg/l
100 350
220
BOD5, mg/l
110 - 400
Tng Nit, mg/l
20 85
40
- Nit hu c, mg/l
8 35
15
- Nit Amoni, mg/l
12 50
25
- Nit Nitrit, mg/l
0 0,1
0,05
- Nit Nitrat, mg/l
0,1 0,4
0,2
Clorua, ma/l
30 - 100
50
kim, mgCaCO3/l
50 200
100
Tng cht bo, mg/l
50 150
100
Tng Pht pho, mg/l
8
6
9
Coliform
10 - 10 MPN/100ml
Ngun: PGS.TS. Tn c H - X l nc thi th, NXB KHKT 2006
Nc thi sinh hot giu cht hu c v cht dinh dng, v vy n l ngun cc
loi vi khun, trong c vi khun gy bnh pht trin. Trong nc sinh hot s Coliform
t 106- 109 MPN/100ml, Fecal coliform t 104- 107 MPN/100ml.
Nh vy, theo bng trn th nc thi sinh hot ca d n c khi lng ln, hm
lng cht bn cao, nhiu vi khun gy bnh l mt trong nhng ngun gy nhim chnh
i vi mi trng nc. Do , ch u t phi x l t QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT trc
khi thi ra mng thot ti ngun tip nhn l cng thot nc i l V.I. L Nin.
3.1.2.4.3 Tc ng do cht thi rn

Khi d n i vo hot ng s pht sinh lng cht thi rn kh ln, theo Qui hoch
khu vc D n ch yu l khu dn c sinh sng, khch sn, siu th bn thit b dc - y t
v cc cng trnh cng cng nh khu thng mi, dch v, cy xanh,nn rc thi y
ch yu l rc thi sinh hot t cc h dn c, cc cng trnh cng cng v l cy kh t cc
khu vc cy xanh.
- Thnh phn cht thi rn ca D n bao gm:
+ Cht thi hu c ngun gc thc phm: Bao gm cc thc n d tha, rau,Chng
d phn hy sinh hc nn d gy pht sinh mi hi thi v nc r rc.
+ Cc cht thi hu c khc: Giy, plastic, bao b nha, chai l bng nha
+ Kim loi: Cc v chai, l bng st, ng, km
- Khi lng rc thi c tnh ton nh bng 3.15 di y:
Bng 3.15: Khi lng rc thi sinh ra hng ngy khi d n i vo hot ng
T
T
Di hn (n nm 2020)
Hng mc
Sinh hot dn c
Cng cng, dch v
Rc thi bi ng
Tiu
chun
n v tnh
Quy m
n
v tnh
Khi
lng
n v
1,3
kg/ngi.ng
2.904
Ngi
3,775
tn/ngy
0.566
tn/ngy
0,40
tn/ngy
4,741
tn/ngy
15%Rsh
8,0
kg/m2.nm
Tng cng
18.460,60
m2
Ngun: D n u t xy dng
Rc thi sinh hot vi thnh phn v khi lng nh trn c c tnh chung l phn
hy nhanh, trong iu kin kh hu nng m ti a phng, gy mi hi thi kh chu.
V vy, rc thi phi c thu gom, phn loi, x l ngay trong ngy. c bit ti ni
lng, vt dng bng nha (Polyme) ngy cng chim t l ln trong thnh phn rc thi
sinh hot nhng kh phn hy, tng ti trong mi trng t nhin lu, nu t s sinh kh
ioxin c hi nn phi c phn loi c bin php x l thch hp.
Ngoi ra, cn pht sinh cht thi nguy hi gm: Bng n hunh quang, c quy, gi
lau cha nhiu du m.... Pht sinh t khu chung c, khi lng pht sinh ca ngun ny
bng 1% rc sinh hot (khu chung c) = 3,775 x 0,01= 0,03775tn/ngy= 37,75kg/ngy.
Ngun rc thi ny phi c thu gom qun l tun th theo quy ch qun l cht thi nguy
hi.
3.2. NHN XT V MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI
3.2.1. V mc chi tit ca cc nh gi
nh gi tc ng ti mi trng ca D n tun th theo trnh t:
- Xc nh v nh lng ngun gy tc ng theo tng hot ng gy tc ng ca
D n.
- Xc nh quy m khng gian v thi gian ca cc i tng b tc ng.
- nh gi tc ng da trn quy m ngun gy tc ng, quy m khng gian, thi
gian v tnh nhy cm ca cc i tng chu tc ng.
Cc nh gi v cc tc ng ca D n l kh chi tit v c th. Cng chnh v vy m

trn c s cc nh gi, D n ra c cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu,
phng nga v ng ph vi cc s c mi trng mt cch kh thi.
3.2.2. V tin cy ca cc nh gi
Cng c v cc phng php c s dng nh gi tc ng mi trng, y l
cc phng php php ph bin nhm nh gi y , chnh xc, khoa hc v khch quan
v cc tc ng c th xy ra trong tng giai on, cho tng i tng. chnh xc v tin
cy ca cc phng php ny l rt cao.
Ngoi cc phng php nu trn, c s liu i chng vi thc t, chng ti cn
tham kho cc s liu v quan trc mi trng cc d n c quy m v iu kin tng t.
c c cc s liu chnh xc trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n, Ch u t
phi thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng v trn c s s iu chnh, b sung cc
gii php thch hp kim sot nhim, hn ch cc tc ng mi trng khng mong
mun.
CHNG IV
BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU,
PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG
4.1. I VI CC TC NG XU
4.1.1. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on gii phng mt bng v thi
cng xy dng
4.1.1.1. xut cc bin php i vi ngun gy tc ng lin quan ti cht thi
a. X l nhim mi trng khng kh
* i vi bi pht sinh t hng mc san lp mt bng
Cc bin php sau y s c thc hin hn ch bi pht sinh t cc hng mc san
lp mt bng, thi cng xy dng D n:
- Lm hng ro tn cao 3m bao quanh khu vc d n han ch bi pht tn ra cc
khu vc xung quanh.
- Cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu san nn phi c cc tm bt che ph vt
liu bn trn nhm hn ch ti a cc tc ng do bi khuch tn.
- Tin hnh san i vt liu, m nn ngay sau khi c tp kt xung mt bng
gim ti a s khuch tn vt liu san nn do tc dng ca gi.
- p dng bin php phun m trong qu trnh san i mt bng. Vo nhng nhng thi
im c nng to v gi cn phun m mi ngy t nht l 2 ln (8h v 13h). Tin hnh phun
nc trn cc on ng gn khu cng trng, ni c cc xe vn chuyn t ct, nguyn
vt liu i qua (n v thi cng nn thu cc h dn xung quanh ng vn chuyn ti m
hng ngy).
- Dng vi bt rc xung cc ngi m bc kh trng cng nh mt s kh c
trong qu trnh bc m sinh ra v san lp to mt bng.
* i vi bi pht sinh t cng tc vn chuyn vt liu ra vo d n
Trong giai on thi cng, kh thi sinh ra do hot ng ca cc ng c bao gm: CO,
NOx, SO2, khi en, hi hydrocacbon. Mc nhim ph thuc vo cht lng ng
giao thng, chng loi xe v ch hot ng ca ng c. Cc gii php ch yu gim
thiu cc tc ng ny l:
- Yu cu cc nh thu xy dng cng nh cc nh thu ph lin quan khc khng s
dng cc loi phng tin khng t tiu chun ng kim (TCVN 5947-1996) i vi cc
phng tin vn ti ng b v phi thng xuyn gim st cc yu cu ny;
- B tr thi gian vn chuyn ca cc phng tin hp l gim thiu lng kh thi.
Gim st cht ch cc hot ng ca cc nh thu, thc hin cc bin php ph tr nh
phun nc ti cc on ng d pht sinh bi, c bit l cc khu vc gn khu dn c, cc
v tr xy dng, ni tp kt vt liu v cc on ng ct ngang qua khu dn c (c bit
trong ma ng);
- Thng xuyn bo dng cc loi xe v thit b xy dng gim ti a lng kh
thi ra;
- Thay i nhin liu c hm lng lu hunh thp hn;
- S dng nhin liu ng vi thit k ca cc ng c

- Khng c ch qu trng ti qui nh;
- Trang b cc thit b an ton lao ng c nhn cho cng nhn nh m, mt n, qun
o bo h lao ng
b. i vi ngun nhim nc thi
Giai on thi cng xy dng c khi lng cng vic ln, thi gian ko di (06 nm),
lc lng thi cng tp trung ti cng trng ty theo c th cng vic v c b tr nh
tm cp 4 ngay ti cng trng cng vi cc cng trnh m bo sinh hot nh: Nh bp tp
th, nh v sinh, nh tm. Lng nc thi sinh hot hng ngy c khong 8,0 m 3/ng.,
nng cc cht hu c d phn hy cao nn phi c thu gom x l trc khi thi ra
ngoi mi trng.
Nh v sinh c thit k c b x l t hoi (3 ngn), nguyn tc hot ng ca b l
lng cn v phn hy cht cn lng trong iu kin ym kh, hiu qu x l cht l lng,
BOD5 t 65 -70%, sau mi thi ra mng thot nc chung ca thnh ph (trn i l
V.I. Lnin) bng ng PVC.
* Tnh ton th tch B t hoi:
- Th tch b t hoi: W = W1 + W2
+ W1: Th tch phn lng nc ca b (m3).
+ W2: Th tch phn cha bn (m3).
- Th tch phn lng: Wl = a N T (m3)
Trong :
a - Tiu chun thi nc (m3/ngi/ng.) (ly a = 0.085 )
N - S ngi (N= 100 ngi)
T - Thi gian lu ti b (1- 3 ngy)
- Th tch phn cha bn: W2 = b N (m3)
Trong :
b - Tiu chun ngn cha bn (m3/ngi) (chn b= 0,05)
N- S ngi (N= 100 ngi)
Thay vo ta c:
W = (0,085 x 100 x 2) + (0,05 x 100) = 22 (m3)
- Th tch ngn th nht N1 = 50%W = 11 (m3)
- Th tch ngn th 2 v th 3 N2 + N3 = 50%N1 = 6,5 (m3)
Nh vy, trong giai on xy dng d n s xy dng 1 b t hoi c th tch chn
bng W = 25m3 x l.
c. i vi ngun nhim cht thi rn
- Cht thi rn xy dng: Nh gch, , snh s (t qu trnh bc m m ci tng)
cng vi t , ct si, gch v, b tng... cng vi lng t khi o tng hm ca cc ta
nh (chung c, khch sn, siu th) s c vn chuyn i thi ti bi thi xy dng ti
x Nghi Kim (theo quy hoch bi thi cht thi xy dng ca thnh ph);
- i vi cht thi rn l kim loi, nha, giy, bao b c thu gom, phn loi bn ph
liu. Phn khng s dng c thi cng vi rc thi sinh hot ti ni quy nh;
- i vi rc thi sinh hot: Rc thi ca cng nhn phi c gom vo cc thng

ng c np y t ti ni quy inh (B tr 2 thng rc ti khu vc ln tri ca cng nhn),
cui ngy c tp kt vo thng rc ln Cng ty mi trng th thnh ph Vinh vn
chuyn ti bi x l rc Nghi Yn x l.
- i vi cht thi nguy hi t hot ng xy dng: Do khu vc cng trng gn trung
tm thnh ph, nn khng b tr khu vc sa cha my mc trong cng trng nn cht thi
nguy hi pht sinh t qu trnh hot ng ny khng ng k.
4.1.2.2. xut cc bin php i vi ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan ti cht
thi
a. i vi ngun nhim ting n
Khi thi cng khu vc d n s dng cc loi xe nh: My i, my xc, cc phng
tin chuyn ch vt t s hot ng to nn nhim ting n cn:
- Thit k gim rung cho thit b, trang b thm cc thit b v bao cch m, gn
thm h thng gim m cho li ra ca my pht in;
- Khng ch s lng thit b thi cng trong gii hn ting n cho php theo qui nh;
- B tr thi gian lm vic hp l, trnh lm vic vo gi ngh ca dn c, hn ch vn
chuyn vt liu trn cc tuyn giao thng vo gi cao im, qui nh tc hp l cho cc
loi xe gim ti a ting n pht sinh, c bit khi i qua khu dn c hoc vo gi ngh.
Ngoi ra, cc my mc c ting n ln s khng vn hnh vo m khuya;
- Trang b dng c chng n cho cc cng nhn lm vic ti khu vc c n cao;
- Thng xuyn bo dng thit b my mc, xe ng thi khng s dng cc loi
c;
- Kim tra mc n trong khu vc thi cng t lch thi cng cho ph hp v t
mc n cho php;
- Nh thu xy dng s xy dng tm che bng tn cao 3m, trng di cy xanh c tn
l um tm xung quanh khu t ca D n. Ngoi tc dng bo v, cc tng bao ny s
gim thiu pht thi bi v ting n ra cc khu vc xung quanh.
b. i vi ngun nhim do rung ng
- Chng rung ti ngun: Ty theo tng loi my mc c th c bin php khc phc
nh: K cn bng my, lp cc b tt chn ng lc, s dng vt liu phi kim loi, thay th
nguyn l lm vic kh nn bng thy kh, thay i ch ti lm vic,
- Chng rung lan truyn: Dng cc kt cu n hi gim rung (hp du gim chn, gi
n hi, m n hi kim loi, gi n hi cao su,), s dng cc dng c c nhn chng
rung,
- B tr c ly ca cc thit b c cng rung trnh cng hng.
c. i vi ngun nhim mi trng t
- To hng thot nc tt, khng xi mn.
- X l nc thi sinh hot cng nhn t tiu chun, khng thi trc tip xung t
gy nhim mi trng t.
- Khng sa cha xe vn chuyn ti cng trng lm ri vi du m xung t.
d. i vi cc tc ng do vic di di m m
Trong qu trnh gii phng mt bng d n phi bc, di chuyn m m. Tuy nhin,
theo quy hoch ca thnh ph, a phng, s h tr ca ch d n v nht tr ca ngi
dn (ch ca cc ngi m phi di di) th nhng ngi m c ch s c chuyn n ci
tng ti ngha trang a phng ni c tr. i vi cc ngi m khng c ch, ch d n
phi h tr kinh ph v phi hp vi chnh quyn a phng x Nghi Ph lm l cu siu
v chuyn v mai tng ti ngha trang thnh ph Vinh.
e. i vi cc tc ng ti kinh t - x hi
Giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng l giai on gy nh hng mi
trng rt ln v nh vy s nh hng trc tip n ngi dn sng xung quanh khu vc
D n. Cc vn kinh t- x hi trong giai on ny cng s c nhng din bin theo sc
thi ring ca n. Mt lng ln cng nhn s n lm vic, gy xo trn nht nh n
cuc sng dn c trong khu vc ny. Cc dch v s c m ra phc v cng trng,
l mt tt nhng cng c th xy ra nhng hin tng tiu cc gy nh hng xu nh:
C bc, nghin ht, dch bnh
gim thiu ti a cc vn x hi trong giai on thi cng xy dng d n, ch
u t s thc hin cc bin php sau:
- S dng ngun lao ng ti ch: Cc lao ng ti a phng c y nng lc
theo yu cu ca cc nh thu v c mong mun c tuyn dng s c cc nh thu
tuyn dng ti a.
- Kt hp vi chnh quyn a phng v cc c quan chc nng c lin quan t chc
cc chng trnh:
- Gio dc tuyn truyn thc cng dn i vi cng nhn xy dng ti khu vc d
n.
- Tt c cng nhn c th khi ra vo khu vc d n thun tin cho cng tc qun l.
- Kt hp cht ch vi cc c quan qun l a phng c lin quan thc hin cng tc
qun l cng nhn nhp c lu tr ti a bn trin khai thc hin xy dng d n.
4.1.2. Bin php gim thiu tc ng xu trong giai on d n i vo hot ng
4.1.2.1. xut cc bin php i vi ngun gy tc ng lin quan ti cht thi
a. X l nhim mi trng khng kh
gim thiu nhim mi trng trong giai on ny, ngoi vic quy hoch cc cm
theo hng gi ch o, phn khu chc nng,... cn c cc bin php mang tnh cht ph
tr nh kim tra, kim sot cht ch cc im c nguy c r r nh:
- i vi cc dch v, nh hng s c h thng ht kh v pht tn, ng thi s dng
bin php thng thong hn ch mi v khi bi.
- i vi nh bp s c trang b b phn ht v lc khi bp trc khi thi ra mi
trng.
- Khu dn c s c xy dng theo m hnh khp kn, i vi cc nh v sinh cng
cng s thng xuyn dn dp nhm trnh gy mi hi thi.
- Khuyn khch s dng cc nhin liu t sch nh kh ha lng, thit b dng in...
- p dng cc bin php an ton phng chng s c (chy, n ...) ti cc khu vui chi,
cc gia nh tham gia kinh doanh.
- Xy dng k hoch nh k kim tra, bo dng, thay th, hoc i mi cc ng

dy in cng cng nhm trnh gy chp in chy n.
Ngoi cc gii php k trn, bin php s dng cy xanh v thm c trong khun vin
hn ch nhim khng kh l kh n gin, hiu qu v t tn km nht. Cy xanh c tc
dng ht bi, lc khng kh, gim v ngn chn ting n, gim bc x nhit to cnh quan
mi trng.
Din tch cy xanh 6.027,10 m2 t t l 7,89% (cha k cy xanh trng hai bn
ng ni b cc khu nh v xung quanh d n). Cy xanh c b tr cch nhau 4 - 6
m/cy, tm cy cch mp b va cc tuyn ng 1,5m, xy bn cy rng 1,3m x 1,3m bng
b tng dm M150. Theo d n u t trc mt s trng cy xung quanh d n, s cy
xanh v thm c s c trng tng ln khi d n xy dng hon chnh v i vo hot ng.
S dng loi cy ly bng mt chu c gi bi v su bnh thn cy thng, cy c r
n su, tn rng v cy c kh nng chu c iu kin kh hu khc nghit ca khu vc.
Cy xanh v thm c c b tr trong khun vin xung quanh cc khu nh, khu du lch v
dc theo cc tuyn ng giao thng.
b. i vi ngun nhim nc thi
Khi d n i vo hot ng, loi nc thi phi x l hng u l nc thi sinh hot
t cc ta nh 12 tng, khu nh lin k, bit th v nh tr. Ngoi ra, nc ma chy trn
cng phi c phng n thu gom hp l.
H thng thu gom v thot nc ca d n c thit k v xy dng c lp gia
nc thi v nc ma chy trn.
* i vi nc ma chy trn:
- Nc ma chy trn trn phn mt bng khu vc D n s cun theo t, ct, cht
cn b, xung h thng thot nc. Lng nc ma chy trn ny c th gy tc ng xu
ti mi trng sinh thi trong khu vc v cc vng ph cn nu nh khng c h thng thu
gom v x l thch hp.
- So vi nc thi, nc ma kh sch nhng c lu lng ln v khng n nh (ph
thuc vo lng ma) v vy bin php hu hiu c th p dng l xy dng h thng cng
thot nc ma ring vi h thng thot nc thi.
- Dc theo h thng cng thot nc ma b tr cc h ga c li chn rc. Rc thi v
cc cht l lng s c tch v gi li trong h ga. Cc h ga s c nh k no vt rc
v bn lng gom v x l cng rc thi sinh hot ti cc bi x l rc.
S h thng thot nc ma:
Nc ma chy
trn, nc mi
Li chn
rc
H ga, lng cn,

ging thm
Cng thot
nc
Mng thot nc
i l V.I. L Nin
Hnh 4.1: S thu gom v x l nc ma
Nc ma sau khi c thu t sn ngoi vo ng thot t trn mi ca cc nh chung

c, siu th, khch sn cng vi ma mt bng s c thu bng h thng ging thu cng
ni chy qua ng vo h thng cng chnh b tr di h ng. Trn cng c b tr c
h ga (30x40m/h). Va thu nc ma ng thi lng t ct. Ton b nc ma cc
khu nh c thot vo h thot mng thot nc dc theo i l V.I. L Nin.
* i vi nc thi sinh hot:
Nc thi sinh hot t khu nh lin k, nh tr v cc ta nh 12 tng c thu gom
theo phng n sau:
Nc thi sinh hot t

nh lin k, bit th,
nh tr, khu cng cng
Nc thi sinh hot t

2 chung c 12 tng,
siu th dcthit b
y t, khch sn 4 sao
NT tm git, nu n,
ra sn,
Nc thi x tiu
Nc thi tm
git, nu n..
Nc thi x tiu
B t hoi ci tin, t
di mng cng trnh
B tch du m, cht
hot ng b mt
B t hoi ci tin, t
di mng tng hm
Mng thot dc
i l V.I. L Nin
H thng x l
nc thi tp
PACN-95
trung (pha ng
(Khi cn)
Nam d n)
My thi
kh gom nc thi sinh hot
Hnh 4.2: Phng n thu
tch
duhot
m s c thu gom theo phng n trn v c x l bng cng
NcB
thi
sinh
Container
ngh hp khi theo m hnh sau:
XLNT theo
Bn sau
B iu ha
nguyn tc hp
x l
NT x tiu
khi v Modul
B t hoi ci tin
Nc
thi
Nc thi sau x l
Mng thot dc
i l V.I. L Nin
Hnh 4.3: S khi h thng x l nc thi tp trung

Thuyt minh cng ngh:
Nc thi ca d n s c tch thnh 2 dng:
- Dng 1: Nc thi tt git, ra sn, nu n cha cht ty ra, du m s c dn ti
b tch du m x l tch cc cht hot ng b mt, du m.
- Dng 2: Nc thi t nh v sinh (nc thi x, tiu) s c x l qua b t hoi ci
tin.
Sau , hai dng ny c kt hp v dn vo b iu ha x l tip. B iu ho
c dung tch m bo lu nc trong vng 5- 6h. Trong b t mt my thi kh chm vi
cng sut Q = 5- 8m3/h. N = 1,5kW cung cp oxy v x l s b. Phn nc gn trong t
b iu ho c chy trn sang ngn lng.
Nc thi t ngn lng c bm bi mt my bm chm vi cng sut Q = 7m 3/h, H
= 12- 15m ni tip vo cm thit b hp khi x l vi sinh c m dnh bm. Ti y xy ra
qu trnh x l sinh hc ym kh v hiu kh.
Khng kh trong thit b hp khi c cung cp bi mt my thi kh ni Q =
3
3,5m /ph, N = 4,5 kW.
Nc thi qua cm thit b hp khi c chy t ng vo ngn kh trng bng clo
v v h kim tra. Thit b nh lng cht kh trng c iu khin bng tay tu theo
cht lng nc thi sau cm thit b hp khi. Sau nc thi c x thi ra Mng
thot dc i l V.I. L Nin.
Bn thi t thit b hp khi s c bm bi mt my bm bn c cng sut Q = 43
8m /h, H = 5-15,5m, N = 0,75kW, lng bn thi ra ch u t s k hp ng vi Cty Mi
trng th Vinh vn chuyn bi x l quy nh.
V tr t h thng x l: D kin h thng x l nc thi tp trung s c xy dng
v lp t pha ng Nam ca d n.
Nguyn l hot ng ca cm thit b hp khi:
- Nguyn l Modul: Mi Modul c thit k cho cng sut t 80 150 m3/ng. (vi
24 gi hot ng), s Modul cn thit s c lp t tu thuc vo tng lu lng nc
thi ca cng trnh. Nh vy cho php vn hnh cc thit b mt cch ti u, m bo tn
dng trit cng sut ca h thit b x l ngay c trong trng hp lu lng nc thi
bin i theo thi im ph thuc vo ngun nc thi nhm gim th tch b iu ho,
gim chi ph in v chi ph vn hnh thit b lc cao im thi v nhng thi gian bnh
thng. Theo lu lng nc thi d tnh 681,80 m3/ng. dng 05 modul.
- Nguyn l Hp khi: Nguyn l ny cho php thc hin nhiu qu trnh c bn x l
nc thi v bit trong mt khng gian thit b ca mi Modul tng hiu qu v gim chi
ph vn hnh x l nc thi. Thit b x l hp khi cng mt lc thc hin ng thi qu
trnh x l sinh hc ym kh v cc qu trnh hiu kh nh Biofin, Biofor, Aeroten qua lp
m. Vic kt hp nhiu lp ny s to mt mng vi sinh ti a m khng gy tc cc
lp m, ng thi thc hin xy ho mnh v trit cc cht hu c trong nc thi.
Thit b hp khi cn p dng c ch lng c lp mng mng (Lamen) cho php tng b
mt lng ng thi rt ngn thi gian lu.
- Nguyn l T ng: Vic vn hnh my bm nc thi, my bm bn, cc my thi
kh v bm cc ch phm vi sinh, keo t ... c thc hin t ng tu thuc vo lu lng
nc thi thng qua cc phao bo t ng lp trong cc ngn b. Nguyn l ny cho php
tit kim in v ho cht ng thi vn bo m duy tr cp kh nui vi sinh hiu kh v
thc hin X l nc thi, rc thi.
Nc thi sau c x l t tiu chun QCVN 14: 2008 (ct B) s c thi ra
mng thot nc dc i l V.I. L Nin.
Tnh ton cng ngh x l nc thi tp trung:
Theo kt qu tnh ton chng 1, tng lu lng nc thi ca d n 699,08
3
m /ng.m (trong nc thi t qu trnh nu n, tm git cha du m v cht ty ra
chim 40% tng ng vi 279,63 m 3/ng.m; nc thi t nh v sinh chim 60% tng
ng vi 419,45 m3/ng.m). Th tch cc b x l c tnh ton c th nh sau:
1. B tch du m:
Nc thi sinh hot t cc khu vc ny thng c hm lng du tng i cao. Do
vy trc khi dn vo h thng x l nc thi tp trung, nc thi t khu vc ny s c
qua h thng b tch du. Cu to ca b ny nh sau:
Hnh 4.4: S cu to b tch du

- Nguyn l hot ng ca b tch du: B gm 2 ngn tch du v lng cn. Nc
thi trn vo ngn th nht c lu trong khong thi gian nht nh lng bt cn rn
c trong nc thi, vng du trn mt s trn vo mng thu du. Nc trong theo ca thot
nc thn b trn vo b th 2, ti y,vng du v du khong cn st li trong nc
thi s c tch vo mng thu th 2.
- u im:
+ Phng php x l n gin, va c nhim v thu du m ni trn mt va lng cn c
trng lng ln. To iu kin cho cc phng php x l tip theo tt hn.
+ B xy bng b tng ct thp, d thc hin.
- Nhc im: Tng chi ph u t.
- Mc kh thi: Mc kh thi cao.
- Hiu qu ca bin php: Nhn chung phng php cho hiu qu x l du rt tt.
Hu ht phn du ni s c tch ti y. Thc t cho thy hiu qu x l t khong 60 85%.
Dung tch cng tc b tch du m c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
Wct = K x N x x T x 10-3 = 1,2 x 2.904 x 11,36 x 2 x 10-3 = 79,175 (m3)
Trong :
K- H s khng iu ha (K= 1,2);
N- S ngi tnh ton (N= 2.904 ngi);
- Nc thi cha du m ( = 272,72 m3/ng.m = 11,36 l/ngi/h);
T- Thi gian lu nc trong b (T= 2h);
Dung tch cng tc ca b l 79,175 m 3. Din tch mt thong trn mi n v dung
tch l 0,6m2/m3. Din tch mt thong ca b l:
Fmt = 79,175 x 0,6 = 47,505 (m2)
Chiu su cng tc ca b l:
Hct = 79,175/47,505 = 1,667 (m)
Chiu cao bo v ca b, chn Hbv = 0,3(m).
Dung tch phn khng kh: Wkk = Fmt x Hbv = 47,505 x 0,3 = 14,25 (m).
Vy dung tch ca b tch du m l:
W = Wct + Wkk = 79,175 + 14,25 = 93,325 (m3)
2. B iu ha:
Th tch b iu ha c tnh ton da vo cng thc sau:
Vdh = Q x T
Trong :
Q- Lu lng nc thi, Q = 699,08 m3/ng.m = 29,13 (m3/h);
T- Thi gian lu nc trong b, T = 3h;
Vy th tch cn thit ca b iu ha l: Vdh = 29,13 x 3 = 87,39 (m3).
Chn kch thc b iu ha: L x B x H = 7 x 4,5 x 3 (m)
3. Container hp khi
Conainer hp khi l thit b c lm bng thp chng r c dng hnh hp ch nht,
vi th tch cho php 80 150m3/ng., chn Container c th tch 140m3/ng.. Nh vy, vi
lu lng nc thi ca d n nh trn ta chn 5 container c th tch v kch thc bng
nhau.
Nu?c
Nu? c ra
Ngan L?ng
Nu? c vo
L?p v?t li?u l?c
L?p v?t li?u l?c
Khng kh
L?p v?t li?u l?c

A
B
Hnh 4.5: Cu to ca Container hp khi

Kch thc ca Container l: L x B x H = 9 x 4 x 4 (m)
c, i vi ngun nhim cht thi rn
Quy trnh thu gom rc thi ca d n c th hin s sau:
Rc thi nh lin
k, nh tr
Rc thi t cc ta
nh cao 12 tng
Rc thi khu vc
cng cng
Thng rc
Hng dn rc
Thng rc
c np y
Xe gom rc
Nh thu rc
Xe gom rc
Xe p rc ca cng ty Mi trng th Vinh
Khu lin hp x l rc Nghi Yn

Hnh 4.6: S quy trnh thu gom rc ca d n khi i vo hot ng
* i vi rc thi sinh hot:
+ i vi rc thi nh lin k v nh tr: Rc thi c thu gom, phn loi vo thng
rc b tr trc nh. Hng ngy, Cng ty Mi trng th Vinh vn chuyn v Khu lin
hp x l rc Nghi Yn x l theo hp ng k kt.
+ i vi rc thi khch sn cao cp 4 sao, chung c, siu th dc - thit b y t: H
thng thu gom rc bao gm cc hng dn rc t cc tng, ti cc tng c b tr ca np rc
xung nh rc ti tng hm, h thng ny c b phn thng kh, lm sch hng dn rc nn
ng ng dn rc khng tch t vo thnh trong ca ng vn chuyn. Cc ca thu gom kn
khng gy nguy him cho cng nhn v sinh lm vic bn di ng vn chuyn. H thng
c ca thu gom kht hn ch ti a tnh trng gy nhim mi trng khng kh khi vn
hnh. (M hnh ny c p dng thc t ti cc nh cao tng M3- M4 Nam Thnh

Cng, Chung c cao tng v dch v cng cng 18 Yn Ninh (H Ni), Vi m hnh ny
PGS.TS Trn Vn Tun v Th.S Lu c Thch, HXD c Cc s hu tr tu cp
Bng sng ch c quyn). Nh thu gom rc t ti tng hm ca cc khu nh cao tng.
+ Rc thi cng cng: Trn cc trc ng giao thng ni b, khu cng cng tin hnh
t cc thng rc c np p kn.
* i vi rc thi nguy hi:
Khi lng cht thi nguy hi 37,75kg/ngy (pht sinh t chung c, theo tnh ton mc
3.1.2.4.3 chng 3) s c cng nhn v sinh ca D n thu gom v lu gi cht thi nguy
hi ti thng hoc kho cha cht thi nguy hi kn, c mi che. Ch u t (Ban qun l d n)
phi lm th tc ng k ch ngun thi CTNH theo lut nh v k hp ng vi n v c chc
nng x l CTNH x l lng cht thi ny.
Ngoi ra, chnh quyn a phng (phng, t) phi hp vi Ban qun l D n
thng xuyn ph bin cc quy nh v v sinh mi trng.
4.1.2.2. xut cc bin php i vi ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan ti cht
thi
a. i vi ngun nhim ting n
chng n, rung cho T hp khch sn, siu th dc thit b y t v nh ti x
Nghi Ph ch u t s phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng thc hin cc bin php sau:
- Qui nh gi hot ng ca cc phng tin vn ti trong khu vc khu dn c, khng
cho php hot ng vo cc gi ngh ngi ca ngi dn. Hn ch bp ci v qui nh tc
cho php.
- Khng cho php s dng cc my mc, thit b c n cao lm nh hng n mi
trng sng ca khu vc.
- Cc dch v vui chi gii tr s c qun l cht ch v thi gian khai thc nht l
ban m.
- Nghim cm t hp gy tranh ci n o nh hng n an ninh ca khu vc.
- i vi n t my thi kh v bm c hn ch bng cch t m di t.
b. i vi cc tc ng ti kinh t - x hi
- D n i vo hot ng ch yu em li li ch v kinh t x hi cho khu vc th
hin vic n nh cuc sng n nh cho ngi dn, s hnh thnh v hot ng ca d n
ko theo mt lot cc dch v khc pht trin theo gp phn quan trng vo vic y nhanh
tc th ho ti khu vc, nng cao cuc sng ca ngi dn.
- Xy dng ni qui hot ng ca tng n v thnh phn trong d n. Hot ng
kim tra, gim st d n c thc hin bng s phi hp, sp t k hoch chung ca
nhiu c quan chc nng, ng thi khn trng khc phc cc vn pht sinh trong cng
ng th cc tc ng tiu cc x hi s khng cn ng k.
- Tuyn truyn gio dc vn ha - x hi bng cc hnh nh, biu ng, i bo vn
ng ngi dn trong khu vc thc hin np sng vn minh.
c. Cc bin php h tr
Ngoi cc cc gii php trn d n s p dng cc bin php h tr nhm gp phn

hn ch nhim v ci to mi trng nh sau:
- Gio dc thc v sinh mi trng cho cng ng dn c trong vng.
- T chc tham gia cc bui lao ng cng ch lm sch mi trng.
- n c, gio dc v kim tra vic thc hin cc quy nh v v sinh, an ninh trt t,
phng chng cc t nn x hi, chy n trong khu vc.
- Khuyn khch dn c trng thm cy xanh trong khun vin gp phn ci to vi
kh hu trong khu vc.
- o to v quy t mt i ng k s, cn b chuyn ngnh mi trng m nhn
cc vn v mi trng cho khu vc.
- Cm bin n cc ni v sinh cng cng.
4.2. I VI S C MI TRNG
4.2.1. S c mi trng trong giai on san lp mt bng v thi cng xy dng
a. Cng tc an ton lao ng
- Lp Ban an ton lao ng ti cng trng v c ngi chuyn trch; xy dng, ban
hnh v buc cng nhn vin ti cng trng phi thc hin nghim tc cc ni quy lm
vic ti cng trng bao gm ni quy ra vo lm vic ti cng trng, ni quy v trang b
bo h lao ng, ni quy s dng thit b nng cu, ni quy v an ton in, ni quy an ton
chy n,..
- Trc khi i vo thi cng xy dng cng trnh, Ch d n cho lp ro chn ti cc
khu vc c dn c qua li, khu vc tip gip vi ng giao thng hn ch ti a cc
kh nng xy ra s c tai nn giao thng.
- C quy nh cht ch v cng tc an ton lao ng.
- Cng nhn c trang b cc thit b bo h lao ng.
- Quy nh tc ti a i vi xe c, my mc khi hot ng trong khu vc d n.
- Tun th cc quy nh v an ton lao ng trong t chc thi cng phng nga s
c.
- Cng nhn trc tip vn hnh my mc, thit b thi cng c thc hin qua o to,
thc hnh theo cc nguyn tc vn hnh v bo tr k thut.
- Cc ti liu ch dn ca cc thit b v my mc xy dng lun c km theo thit
b my mc. Cc thng s k thut c kim tra thng k.
- C bin bo trn khu vc thi cng.
- Sp xp tuyn thi cng hp l.
- Thit k h thng n chiu sng cho cc khu vc lm vic vo ban m.
- Khi thi cng, lp rp gin do hoc thit b trn cao, cng nhn phi c dy eo an
ton.
- Trang b cc thit b bo h cn thit cho cng nhn ti cng trng nh khu trang
chng bi v kh, m bo h, gng tay, knh v tm chn trong qu trnh hn x, cc thit b
an ton trong s dng in, dy tht an ton (rt quan trng i vi vic xy dng nh cao
tng)...
b. An ton cho thit b
- Thit b trc khi a vo s dng phi c cc ban chc nng kim tra v c
ng k s dng.
- Vn hnh mi loi thit b, my mc u tun th nghim cc nguyn tc ca nh
sn xut.
- Tt c cc th vn hnh c o to chnh quy v c cp giy chng ch tay
ngh.
- i vi cc thit b in:
+ Phn kim loi ca thit b in c ni t bo v tun theo quy nh ca TCVN
Quy phm ni t v ni khng ca cc thit b in.
+ Ni in t li vo thit b c cu giao, giy chy.
+ Tt c cc thit b s dng c v che chn an ton.
- i vi ng dy in phc v sinh hot v thi cng s dng cp cch in v gim
ti thiu vic chy qua thit b.
- Ti v tr lm vic c lp dy tip t v t in.
- ng dy ti in ln v cng sut truyn ti in cho thit b.
- Cc u cp in c cun kn v t trong hm thic v sau ph bng vt liu
cch in v chng thm.
c. Phng n phng chng chy n v phng chng st
* Phng n phng chng chy n:
- Khng c ht thuc, t la hay hn gn khu vc cm la, khu vc c xng du,
thit b, my mc, xng gia cng ct pha.
- Chun b cc dng c, phng tin chng chy nh b ct, nc, bm, bnh kh
CO2 kp thi cha chy khi c ho hon xy ra.
- Thit k thit b t ng ngt in cu dao tng.
T chc quan trc v gim st cc s c trong qu trnh thi cng kp thi pht hin
v a cc gii php ng cu, x l kp thi.
* Phng n phng chng st:
Cc s c chy n, st nh cng c th xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng gy thit hi
rt ln cho cng trnh v con ngi nn hng n PCCC, phng chng st c Ch d n
rt quan tm.
m bo an ton trong chng st cho cng trnh trong qu trnh xy dng cng nh
hot ng, ch d n cho lp t cc h thng thu st bao gm thu li v h thng tip a.
H thng thu st c lp t ti tt c cc khu nh cao tng.
Tt c v thit b in trm bin p, thit b cng ngh, t, hp in v cp v cc kt
cu kim loi khc dng lp t thit b in v h thng in c ni t ph hp vi
ch ca in trung tnh ca my bin th ngun, thng qua mt mng li tip a bng
dy ng trn. Lp t mng li v h thng in va m m bo thm m va mang
tnh tin li v c tnh an ton cao.
4.2.2. S c mi trng trong giai on d n i vo hot ng
a. Chng st
- Tin hnh lp t h thng chng st chung cho ton khu t hp v ring cho tng
cm nh , khu dch v, khu khch sn, siu th, nh tr...
- Chng st cng trnh l cng trnh chng st cp 3. Dng km F16 do Php sn xut,
cao ca ct thu st cao hn 2m so vi im cao nht ca mi cng trnh. Bn knh bo v
50m, bo m an ton cho ton b cng trnh.
- Cc tip a F16 m ng L- 2,4m. Dy dn st, dy tip a M50. in tr ni t Rnd
10. Sau khi thi cng xong phn tip a phi o in tr ni t. Nu khng t Rnd 10
th phi ko dy di thm v ng thm cc sao cho Rnd 10 .
b. Chng chy n
- Thc hin nghim chnh cc tu chun quy phm, quy nh v phng chy cha chy
PCCC trong qu trnh xy dng cng trnh t khu thit k, thi cng n nghim thu a
cng trnh vo s dng.
- D n s trang b bnh cu ha, thng ct, b cha nc v mt s trang thit b
phng chy khc ti cc khu vc nh , khu vc kho cha hng ha nhin liu...
- H thng dn in, chiu sng c thit k ring bit, tch ri khi cc cng trnh
khc nhm d dng sa cha, chng chp mch chy, n.
- t cc bin cnh bo d chy, yu cu cc h dn c, khch du lch, khch vo mua
sm siu th tun th cc quy nh v PCCC.
- m bo x l kp thi s c chy n, trong cc cng trnh c th thit lp h
thng bo chy c n hiu, v thng tin tt ng thi phi c h thng cha chy trc tip
bng vi rng phun nc theo quy nh hin hnh.
- H thng cu ha c b tr trn cc tuyn ng 100 tr ln, m bo ng knh
phc v l 150m. Ngun nc dng cha chy t b cha p lc ct nc t do khng nh
hn 7m.
- H thng phng chy cha chy (PCCC), phng chng s c phi c c quan
PCCC ca tnh thm nh v cho php.
CHNG V
CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG
5.1. Chng trnh qun l mi trng
Trn c s tng hp cc hot ng ca D n, cc tc ng xu ti mi trng v cc bin php gim thiu trong qu trnh xy dng
c bn cng nh khi d n i vo hot ng c nu ti cc Chng 1, 3 v 4, chng ti ra chng trnh qun l mi trng nh sau:
Bng 5.1: Chng trnh qun l mi trng
STT
Ngun gy tc ng v cc
yu t nhim
Bin php gim thiu
Giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng

Bi, kh thi, ting n v - Lp t hng ro tn;
rung t hot ng ca - Ti m khu vc xy dng v ng
phng tin vn chuyn giao thng;
- Gii phng
mt bng: vn nguyn vt liu xy dng, - Ph bt kn xe vn ti;
my mc thi cng
- Bo dng my mc,...
chuyn t
NTSH ca cng nhn xy
San nn, bn
B t hoi 3 ngn
dng trong cng trng
thi
Nc ma chy trn
V sinh mt bng cui ngy lm vic
- Thi cng cc
Hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng
Cht
thi
rn
sinh
hot
hng mc
th thnh ph Vinh
cng trnh ca
- CTR v c (bn vt lp b mt) n
d n
Cht thi rn xy dng
v thi cng thi ng ni quy nh;
- CTR l kim loi, nha, bao b,...
dng bn ph liu;
Kinh ph
thc hin
Thi gian
thc hin
C quan
thc hin
C quan
kim tra
Ch u
t
S TN&MT,
UBND thnh
ph Vinh, x
Nghi Ph v
cc c quan
c lin quan
khc
50.000.000
20.000.000
Tha thun
Tha thun
Tha thun
Trong qu trnh
san lp mt
bng v thi
cng xy dng
STT
Ngun gy tc ng v cc
yu t nhim
Bin php gim thiu
Kinh ph
thc hin
Thi gian
thc hin
C quan
thc hin
C quan
kim tra
Ch u
t phi
hp vi
ban qun
l Khu t
hp
S TN&MT,
UBND thnh
ph Vinh, x
Nghi Ph v
cc c quan
c lin quan
khc
Giai on d n i vo hot ng
Kh thi
Hot ng
Nc thi sinh hot
chnh ca t
hp khch sn,
Nc ma chy trn
siu th dcthit b y t v
Cht thi rn sinh hot
nh ti x
Nghi Ph
Cht thi rn nguy hi
35.000.000
Trng cy xanh, thm c
Ngay khi cng
X l qua b t hoi c tin, HTXLNT
2.000.000.000 trnh hon
tp trung bng phng php hp khi
100.000.000 thnh v ko
Thu gom bng h thng mng
di trong sut
- Trang b thng ng rc v xe gom
30.000.000
qu trnh hot
- Hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng
Tha thun
ng ca D
th thnh ph Vinh
n
Thu gom, lu gi, x l theo quy nh
Tha thun
5.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng

Nhm bo v mi trng trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng v hot ng ca
d n, ngoi vic thc hin nghim chnh cc gii php nu trong bo co TM,
Ch d n (Cng ty TNHH Thng mi Minh Khang) phi thc hin chng trnh
quan trc gim st mi trng. C th nh sau:
5.2.1. Giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng
a. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh
- S im gim st l: 02 im;
- V tr gim st: 01 trong khu vc xy dng v 01 khu vc dn c xung quanh;
- Cc thng s gim st: Nhit , ting n, bi, cc kh: CO, SO2, NOx;
- Tn sut: 04 ln/nm (thng 3, thng 6, thng 9 v thng 12 hng nm);
- Quy chun so snh: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v cht lng khng kh
xung quanh (QCVN 05: 2009/BTNMT).
b. Gim st cht lng nc thi
+ S im gim st: 01 im;
+ V tr gim st: Ti im thi trc khi thi ra ngun tip nhn ;
+ Thng s gim st: pH, BOD5, SS, Tng N, Tng P, Du m, Coliform;
+ Tn sut: 04 ln/nm (thng 3, thng 6, thng 9 v thng 12 hng nm);
+ Quy chun so snh: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v nc thi sinh hot
(QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT, ct B).
5.2.2. Giai on d n i vo hot dng
a. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh
- S im gim st l: 03 im;
- V tr gim st: 02 im trong v 01 im ngoi khu vc d n;
- Cc thng s gim st: Nhit , ting n, bi, cc kh: CO, SO2, NOx;
- Tn sut: 04 ln/nm (thng 3, thng 6, thng 9 v thng 12 hng nm);
- Quy chun so snh: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v cht lng khng kh
xung quanh (QCVN 05: 2009/BTNMT).
b. Gim st cht lng nc thi
+ S im gim st: 02 im;
+ V tr gim st: Trc v sau khi x l qua HTXLNT tp trung ca d n;
+ Thng s gim st: pH, BOD5, SS, Tng N, Tng P, Du m, Coliform;
+ Tn sut: 04 ln/nm (thng 3, thng 6, thng 9 v thng 12 hng nm);
+ Quy chun so snh: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v nc thi sinh hot
(QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT, ct B).
5.2.3. D ton kinh ph gim st mi trng
* Kinh ph gim st giai on san lp mt bng v thi cng xy dng:
D ton kinh ph quan trc v gim st mi trng mt t trong giai on san
lp mt bng v thi cng xy dng p dng theo Thng t 83/BTC ngy 25/9/2002
ca B Ti chnh v c th hin bng sau:
Bng 5.2: D ton kinh ph thc hin Quan trc, gim st mi trng giai
on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng
n gi Thnh tin
TT
o c phn tch mu
S lng n v
(ng)
(ng)
I
Gim st mi trng khng kh xung quanh
- Mi trng khng kh:
02
Mu
2.100.000
+ Nhit
02
Ch tiu
30.000
60.000
+ Bi
02
nt
60.000
120.000
+ Ting n
02
nt
60.000
120.000
+ Kh thi: CO, SO2, NO2
06
nt
300.000
1.800.000
II Gim st cht thi
- Mi trng nc:
01
Mu
430.000
+ pH
01
ch tiu
30.000
30.000
+ Tng N
01
nt
50.000
50.000
+ Tng P
01
nt
50.000
50.000
+ Coliform
01
nt
60.000
60.000
+ BOD5
01
nt
80.000
80.000
+ COD
01
nt
80.000
80.000
+ Du m
01
nt
80.000
80.000
TNG CNG
2.530.000
D ton kinh ph gim st mt ln l: 2.530.000 ng
(Hai triu nm trm ba mi nghn ng chn).
* Kinh ph gim st giai on d n i vo hot ng:
Bng 5.3: D ton kinh ph thc hin Quan trc, gim st mi trng giai
on d n i vo hot ng
n gi Thnh tin
TT
o c phn tch mu
S lng n v
(ng)
(ng)
I
Gim st mi trng khng kh xung quanh
- Mi trng khng kh:
03
Mu
3.150.000
+ Nhit
03
Ch tiu
30.000
90.000
+ Bi
03
nt
60.000
180.000
+ Ting n
03
nt
60.000
180.000
+ Kh thi: CO, SO2, NO2
09
nt
300.000
2.700.000
II Gim st cht thi
- Mi trng nc thi:
02
Mu
860.000
+ pH
02
ch tiu
30.000
60.000
+ Tng N
02
nt
50.000
100.000
+ Tng P
02
nt
50.000
100.000
+ Coliform
02
nt
60.000
120.000
+ BOD5
02
nt
80.000
160.000
+ COD
02
nt
80.000
160.000
+ Du m
02
nt
80.000
160.000
TNG CNG
4.910.000
D ton kinh ph gim st mt ln l: 4.910.000 ng
(Bn triu chn trm mi nghn ng chn).
* Chi ph vn hnh c tnh 1m nc thi
Chi ph vn hnh c tnh trn 1m nc thi dao ng trong khong t 1.6002.200 ng ty thuc vo chi ph ha cht ngoi th trng cng nh loi ha cht
m Ch u T s dng.
CHNG VI
THAM VN KIN CNG NG
6.1. Thc hin tham vn kin cng ng
Theo quy nh ca Lut Bo v mi trng do Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit
Nam ban hnh ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005 v c hiu lc thi hnh t ngy 01 thng 7
nm 2006 v Thng t 05/2008/TT- BTNMT ngy 08 thng 12 nm 2008 ca B Ti
nguyn v Mi trng v Hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc
ng mi trng v Cam kt bo v mi trng. Cng ty TNHH Thng mi Minh
Khang lm ch u t cng trnh xy dng T hp khch sn, siu th dc thit b y
t v nh ti x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh c cng vn (Ph lc), thng bo v ni
dung ca D n, cng nh cc tc ng ti mi trng v cc bin php gim thiu,
phng chng s c nhim mi trng ca d n ti UBND, UBMTTQ x Nghi Ph,
thnh ph Vinh, tnh Ngh An.
6.2. Tham vn kin cng ng x Nghi Ph- TP.Vinh
6.2.1. kin ca UBND x Nghi Ph
UBND x Nghi Ph nhn c Cng vn s 27/CT-MK ngy 30 thng 11
nm 2010 ca Cng ty TNHH Thng Mi Minh Khang thng bo v cc hng
mc u t chnh, cc vn mi trng, cc gii php bo v mi trng ca D
n u t xy dng T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x
Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh. Trn c s nghin cu bn thng bo ny, cc ti liu
lin quan, chng ti c kin nh sau:
- D n xy dng khu T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh
ti x Nghi Ph do Cng ty TNHH Thng mi Minh Khang lm ch u t s tng
hiu qu s dng t, gp phn lm p b mt th, gii quyt nhu cu nh , nh
ngh, nh tr, cho cc i tng.
- Trong khi thi cng xy dng cng trnh ch u t v cc nh thu thi cng
phi c cc bin php m bo lao ng, gim thiu nhim mi trng xung
quanh, khng bn, t, ri vi ra ng.
- Ch u t cn phi hp, h tr chnh quyn a phng u ni h tng
k thut nh mng thot nc, ng m bo lu thng n im cui.
ngh ch u t v cc bn lin quan thc hin nghim tc cc bin php
gim thiu tc ng nhim mi trng theo bo co v quy nh ca Nh nc v
bo v mi trng.
6.2.2. kin ca UBMTTQ x Nghi Ph
UBMTTQ x Nghi Ph nhn c Cng vn s 27/CT-MK ngy 30 thng 11
nm 2010 ca Cng ty TNHH Thng Mi Minh Khang thng bo v cc hng
mc u t chnh, cc vn mi trng, cc gii php bo v mi trng ca D
n u t xy dng T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh ti x
Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh. Trn c s nghin cu bn thng bo ny, cc ti liu
lin quan, chng ti c kin nh sau:
- D n xy dng khu T hp khch sn, siu th dc - thit b y t v nh

ti x Nghi Ph do Cng ty TNHH Thng mi Minh Khang lm ch u t s tng
hiu qu s dng t, gp phn lm p b mt th, gii quyt nhu cu nh , nh
ngh, nh tr, cho cc i tng.
- Trong khi thi cng xy dng cng trnh ch u t v cc nh thu thi cng
phi c cc bin php m bo lao ng, gim thiu nhim mi trng xung
quanh, khng bn, t, ri vi ra ng.
- Ch u t cn phi hp, h tr chnh quyn a phng u ni h tng
k thut nh mng thot nc, ng m bo lu thng n im cui.
ngh ch u t v cc bn lin quan thc hin nghim tc cc bin php
gim thiu tc ng nhim mi trng theo bo co v quy nh ca Nh nc v
bo v mi trng.
6.3. kin tip thu ca Ch d n
Qua cc kin gp ca UBND v UBMTTQ x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh
chng ti hon ton ng , tn thnh, nht tr tip thu cc kin qu bu trn.
Chng ti Cam kt thc hin nghim tc, y cc yu cu gim thiu ti a
tc ng xu n mi trng bng cc bin php hin hu trong iu kin c th,
ng thi phi hp cht ch vi cc c quan gim st, c quan nghin cu khoa hc
thc hin cc bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng nh trnh by trong
chng 4 v chng 5 ca bo co ny.
Ngoi ra, chng ti s phi hp vi cc S ban ngnh ca a phng c
chnh sch n b tha ng vi st ln nn ng giao thng, nh (nu xy ra)
ca cc h dn lin k vi khu vc D n.
(Mu vn bn km theo phn ph lc ca bo co TM)
KT LUN, KIN NGH V CAM KT

1. Kt lun
Quy hoch chi tit xy dng Khu t hp Khch sn, siu th Dc- Thit b y
t v nh xc nh c tnh cht quy m, nh hng pht trin khng gian v
h tng k thut cho giai on t 2010 n 2025. c bit xc nh c cc
hng mc cng trnh cn u t ngay trong giai on u 2010.
Khu t hp Khch sn, siu th Dc - Thit b y t v nh c v tr ht sc
thun li cho pht trin ca mt mi trng sng cho c dn thnh ph, l ng lc
mnh m thc y s pht trin Kinh t x hi ca thnh ph Vinh ni ring v ca
tnh Ngh An ni chung.
Quy hoch chi tit xy dng Khu t hp Khch sn, siu th Dc- Thit b y
t v nh xc nh c nhng vn c bn ca th mi pht trin theo
hng hin i v thn thin vi mi trng.
Vic thc hin D n xy dng d n ngoi nhng li ch kinh t - x hi m
D n mang li nu trn, s gy mt s tc ng tiu cc n mi trng t nhin
v KT-XH ca khu vc:
- Gia tng nhim khng kh do bi, n v nh hng n giao thng ca khu
vc D n.
- Gia tng nhim do nc thi t cc hot ng thi cng xy dng v hot
ng ca d n.
- Gia tng lng rc thi sinh hot ti khu vc do hot ng ca sinh hot ca
CBCNV trong d n.
- Trong giai on thi cng xy dng ca D n, Ch u t cam kt yu cu
Nh thu xy dng thc hin cc bin php:
+ T chc lao ng v v sinh mi trng tt trnh gy nhim mi trng
do cng nhn v cc my mc/thit b xy dng gy ra;
+ T chc giao thng tt hn ch nh hng ti giao thng trn tuyn
ng vn chuyn vt liu.
+ Thu gom v x l cc loi cht thi thi rn, cht thi du m pht sinh
trong giai on xy dng;
+ Thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nh hng do ting n trong giai on
xy dng;
+ Qun l, gio dc tt cng nhn trong mi quan h vi ngi dn a
phng.
Ch u t cam kt chu trch nhim vi c quan qun l mi trng ca Nh
nc v chnh quyn a phng v cc vn mi trng trong qu trnh xy
dng v hot ng ca D n.
2. Kin ngh
Knh ngh UBND tnh Ngh An, S Ti nguyn v Mi trng v cc c

quan chc nng to iu kin thun li D n sm c trin khai thc hin
ng tin .
3. Cam kt
* Cam kt chung:
- Cng ty TNHH Thng mi Minh Khang, Ch u t d n cam kt thc
hin cc quy nh hin hnh ca php lut Vit Nam v Bo v mi trng trong
qu trnh trin khai v thc hin d n: Lut Bo v Mi trng nm 2005, cc Lut
v vn bn di lut c lin quan: Ngh nh s 59/2007/N-CP ngy 09/4/2007
ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn; Ngh nh s 88/2007/N-CP ngy
28/5/2007 ca Chnh ph v thot nc th v khu th.
- Ch u t cam kt thc hin y cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng
xu ca D n n mi trng trong giai on quy hoch, giai on thi cng xy
cng nh trong giai on hot ng theo ni dung trnh by trong chng 4 ca
bo co ny.
- Cc hot ng ca D n chu s kim tra ca cc c quan chc nng v
qun l mi trng ca Trung ng, ca S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Ngh
An, UBND thnh ph Vinh v cc c quan c chc nng lin quan nhm m bo
pht trin D n v bo v mi trng.
- Ch u t cam kt cng khai ni dung Bo co nh gi tc ng mi
trng c ph duyt a phng c d n thc hin gim st cng tc
tun th cc cam kt bo v mi trng trong bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng
c ph duyt.
- Ch u t cam kt s tun th phng n quy hoch theo ng n quy
hoch c ph duyt v s tun th nghim ngt cc tiu chun thit k cng
trnh i vi cc vn v kin trc, cnh quan cc cng trnh, h thng cy xanh
trong khu vc d n, quy hoch h thng giao thng, quy hoch h thng thot
nc, cc phn khu chc nng trong khu vc d n.
- Ch u t cam kt m bo h thng h tng ca khu vc d n bao gm: H
thng cp thot nc, h thng thu gom v x l nc thi, h thng thu gom cht thi
rn, h thng giao thng, h thng cp in v h thng thng tin lin lc v hon thnh
cc cng trnh x l mi trng trc khi d n i vo hot ng.
* Cam kt tun th cc quy chun, tiu chun mi trng:
Ch u t cam kt tun th nghim tc cc quy chun, tiu chun mi
trng, c th:
- i vi kh thi: Theo Quy chun Vit Nam QCVN 05: 2009/BTNMT Quy
chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh; QCVN 06:
2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht c hi trong khng kh
xung quanh;
- Nc thi: Cam kt thc hin cc bin php gim thiu v vn hnh h thng
x l nc thi, m bo x l nc thi t quy chun QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT
(ct B): Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc thi sinh hot;
- Ting n: Khng ch ting n pht sinh theo tiu chun ting n khu vc
cng cng, dn c theo TCVN 5949 - 1998;
- Cht thi rn: S c thu gom v x l trit , m bo khng ri vi v
pht tn ra mi trng xung quanh m bo yu cu v v sinh mi trng v theo
ng quy nh ti Ngh nh s 59/2007/N-CP ngy 09/4/2007 ca Chnh ph v
qun l cht thi rn.
- Cht thi nguy hi: S c thu gom v x l theo quy nh ti Quyt nh
s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng v vic ban hnh danh mc cht thi nguy hi v thng t s 12/2006/TTBTNMT ngy 26 thng 12 nm 2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn
iu kin hnh ngh v th tc lp h s, ng k, cp php hnh ngh, m s qun
l cht thi nguy hi.
* Cam kt thc hin qun l v kim sot nhim mi trng:
- Cng tc Qun l mi trng, kim sot nhim mi trng s c u tin
hng u trong sut qu trnh thi cng xy dng v trong qu trnh d n i vo
hot ng;
- Ch u t cam kt phi hp vi cc c quan chuyn mn trong qu trnh
thit k, thi cng v vn hnh cc h thng x l, bo v mi trng;
- Trong qu trnh hot ng, Ch u t cam kt s thc hin chng trnh
qun l v kim sot nhim mi trng khu vc d n nh trnh by trong bo
co ny v bo co nh k trnh ln S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Ngh An.
- Ch u t cam kt v n b v khc phc nhim mi trng trong trng
hp cc s c, ri ro mi trng xy ra do trin khai d n;
- Ch u t Cam kt s hon thnh cc cng vic d kin trin khai, c bit
l hon thnh xy dng cc cng trnh x l mi trng, sau khi bo co TM dc
ph duyt.
PH LC
1. Quyt nh s 4283/Q.UBND-CN ngy 21/09/2010 ca UBND tnh Ngh
An v vic ph duyt iu chnh quy hoch chi tit xy dng d n T hp
khch sn, siu th dc thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph, thnh ph
Vinh.
2. Bin bn tham vn cng ng x Nghi Ph.
3. kin ca UBND x Nghi Ph tr li Ch u t v vic u t xy dng
T hp khch sn, siu th dc thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph,
thnh ph Vinh.
4. kin ca UBMTTQ x Nghi Ph tr li Ch u t v vic u t xy T
hp khch sn, siu th dc thit b y t v nh ti x Nghi Ph, thnh
ph Vinh.
5. S ly mu, quan trc cht lng mi trng D n.
6. Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng nn khu vc thc hin D n.
7. Bn v quy hoch s dng t, bn v thot nc, bn v cc b x l nc
thi ca D n u t xy dng T hp khch sn, siu th dc thit b y
t v nh ti x Nghi Ph, thnh ph Vinh.
DANH MC T VIT TT
KT- XH
CHXHCN
TM
N-CP
TT
Q
BTNMT
TCVN
TCXDVN
QCVN
TC
KATTP-MT
UBND
UBMTTQ
CBCNV
TNHH
GPMB
CN
HTXLNT
BTCT
XM
VSV
BVMT U.S
CTR
CTRSH
NTSH
: Kinh t - X hi
: Cng ha x hi ch ngha
: nh gi tc ng mi trng
: Ngh nh - Chnh ph
: Thng t
: Quyt nh
: B ti nguyn v mi trng
: Tiu chun Vit Nam
: Tiu chun xy dng Vit Nam
: Quy chun Vit Nam
: Tiu chun
: Kim nh An ton Thc phm- Mi trng
: y ban nhn dn
: y ban mt trn t quc
: Cn b cng nhn vin
: Trch nhim hu hn
: Gii phng mt bng
: Cng ngh
: H thng x l nc thi
: B tng ct thp
: Xi mng
: Vi sinh vt
: Bo v mi trng M
: Cht thi rn
: Cht thi rn sinh hot
: Nc thi sinh hot
MC LC
1. Xut x ca d n...............................................................................................................4
2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi mi trng (TM)..................4
3. Phng php p dng trong qu trnh TM......................................................................6
CHNG I............................................................................................................................7
M T TM TT D N...................................................................................................7
1.1.Tn d n..........................................................................................................................7
1.2. Ch d n........................................................................................................................7
1.3. V tr a l ca d n......................................................................................................7
1.4. Hnh thc u t v qun l d n..................................................................................7
1.5. Hin trng khu t...........................................................................................................7
Bng 1.1: tng hp hin trng s dng t............................................................................7
Bng 1.2: tng hp hin trng h tng x hi.........................................................................8
1.6. Ni dung ca d n.........................................................................................................9
Bng 1.3: tng hp quy hoch s dng t............................................................................9
Bng 1.4: tng hp cc tuyn ng trong khu quy hoch....................................................9
Bng 1.5: Tnh ton nhu cu dng nc ca d n..............................................................10
Bng 1.6: Tng hp khi lng nc thi............................................................................11
1.7. D ton tng mc u t xy dng...............................................................................20
Bng 1.8: Khi ton chi ph xy dng kin trc v h tng.................................................20
Bng 1.9: Tng hp tng mc u t ton d n.................................................................21
Bng 1.10: Tin thc hin d n.....................................................................................21
Bng 2.1: Cht lng mi trng khng kh khu vc thc hin d n................................25
Bng 2.2: Cht lng mi trng nc ngm khu vc thc hin D n.............................26
2.3. Cc tc ng n kinh t - x hi ca d n..................................................................27
3.1.3. D bo nhng ri ro v s c mi trng c th xy ra............................................27
CHNG III........................................................................................................................29
NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG.................................................................29
3.1. NH GI TC NG..............................................................................................29
3.1.1. Giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng................................................29
3.1.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi.......................................................29
Bng 3.1 - Ngun gy tc ng v cc thnh phn gy nhim.........................................29
3.1.1.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ...........................................................................30
Bng 3.2 - i tng v quy m b tc ng giai on gii phng mt bng......................30
v thi cng xy dng d n..................................................................................................30
3.1.1.4. nh gi nh hng ca cc tc ng ti mi trng ............................................31
3.1.1.4.1. Tc ng trong qu trnh gii phng mt bng ...................................................31
3.1.1.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng khng kh.....................................................................31
Bng 3.3 - D ton khi lng nguyn vt liu...................................................................32
Bng 3.6 - Mc n in hnh ca cc thit b, phng tin thi cng...................................34
khong cch 2m.................................................................................................................34
khong cch 200m v 500m..............................................................................................35
3.1.1.4.3 Tc ng n mi trng nc.............................................................................36
3.1.1.4.4. Tc ng n mi trng t ............................................................................39
3.1.1.4.5 Tc ng do cht thi rn......................................................................................39
3.1.1.4.6. Cc tc ng n kinh t - x hi ca d n.........................................................40
3.1.2. Giai on d n i vo hot ng ..............................................................................41
Bng 3.11. Ngun gy nhim c lin quan n cht thi..................................................41

3.1.2.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ...........................................................................42
Bng 3.12: i tng, quy m b tc ng trong ................................................................42
giai on d n i vo hot ng.........................................................................................42
3.1.2.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng nc.............................................................................44
Bng 3.14: Thnh phn nc thi sinh hot khu dn c......................................................44
3.1.2.4.3 Tc ng do cht thi rn......................................................................................45
Bng 3.15: Khi lng rc thi sinh ra hng ngy khi d n i vo hot ng...................45
3.2. NHN XT V MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI..........45
Hnh 4.2: Phng n thu gom nc thi sinh hot...............................................................52
Hnh 4.4: S cu to b tch du....................................................................................54
Hnh 4.6: S quy trnh thu gom rc ca d n khi i vo hot ng..............................56
4.2. I VI S C MI TRNG................................................................................58
4.2.1. S c mi trng trong giai on san lp mt bng v thi cng xy dng................58
4.2.2. S c mi trng trong giai on d n i vo hot ng.........................................59
Bng 5.1: Chng trnh qun l mi trng........................................................................61
5.2.1. giai on gii phng mt bng v thi cng xy dng.................................................63
5.2.2. Giai on d n i vo hot dng...............................................................................63
5.2.3. D ton kinh ph gim st mi trng.......................................................................63
6.3. kin tip thu ca Ch d n.......................................................................................67
PH LC.............................................................................................................................71
DANH MC BNG
1. Xut x ca d n...............................................................................................................4
CHNG I............................................................................................................................7
M T TM TT D N...................................................................................................7
1.1.Tn d n..........................................................................................................................7
1.2. Ch d n........................................................................................................................7
1.3. V tr a l ca d n......................................................................................................7
1.5. Hin trng khu t...........................................................................................................7
1.6. Ni dung ca d n.........................................................................................................9
Bng 1.10: Tin thc hin d n.....................................................................................21
CHNG III........................................................................................................................29
3.1. NH GI TC NG..............................................................................................29
3.1.1.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ...........................................................................30
v thi cng xy dng d n..................................................................................................30
khong cch 2m.................................................................................................................34
khong cch 200m v 500m..............................................................................................35
3.1.1.4.3 Tc ng n mi trng nc.............................................................................36
3.1.1.4.4. Tc ng n mi trng t ............................................................................39
3.1.1.4.5 Tc ng do cht thi rn......................................................................................39

3.1.2.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ...........................................................................42
3.1.2.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng nc.............................................................................44
3.1.2.4.3 Tc ng do cht thi rn......................................................................................45
Hnh 4.4: S cu to b tch du....................................................................................54
4.2. I VI S C MI TRNG................................................................................58
PH LC.............................................................................................................................71
DANH MC HNH V
1. Xut x ca d n...............................................................................................................4
CHNG I............................................................................................................................7
M T TM TT D N...................................................................................................7
1.1.Tn d n..........................................................................................................................7
1.2. Ch d n........................................................................................................................7
1.3. V tr a l ca d n......................................................................................................7

1.5. Hin trng khu t...........................................................................................................7
1.6. Ni dung ca d n.........................................................................................................9
Bng 1.10: Tin thc hin d n.....................................................................................21
CHNG III........................................................................................................................29
3.1. NH GI TC NG..............................................................................................29
3.1.1.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ...........................................................................30
v thi cng xy dng d n..................................................................................................30
khong cch 2m.................................................................................................................34
khong cch 200m v 500m..............................................................................................35
3.1.1.4.3 Tc ng n mi trng nc.............................................................................36
3.1.1.4.4. Tc ng n mi trng t ............................................................................39
3.1.1.4.5 Tc ng do cht thi rn......................................................................................39
3.1.2.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ...........................................................................42
3.1.2.4.2 Tc ng n mi trng nc.............................................................................44
3.1.2.4.3 Tc ng do cht thi rn......................................................................................45
Hnh 4.4: S cu to b tch du....................................................................................54

4.2. I VI S C MI TRNG................................................................................58
PH LC.............................................................................................................................71

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Bao Cao Dau Tu Xay Dung To Hop Khach San, Sieu Thi Duoc - Thiet Bi y Te Va Nha o Tai Xa Nghi Phu

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Bo co: u t xy

3.1.2.3. i tng v quy m b tc ng ........................................................................................42

- Lut Quy hoch th s 30/2009/QH12 ngy 17/06/2009;

- Thuyt minh D n u t, Thit k c s (Thi cng, Kin trc) xy dng T hp

1.5.3. Hin trng xy dng

Bng 1.5: Tnh ton nhu cu dng nc ca d n

Nc cp cho cc cng trnh cng cng, dch v

Khch sn cao cp 4 sao

a.6 Giao thng

Cp nc phc v cho sinh hot

Chung c cao tng (488

Khu nh lin k (20 cn

Khu nh bit th (17 cn

Ngun: Thuyt minh d n u t xy dng

Cng trnh cng cng, dch v

a.2 Khch sn cao cp 4 sao

Chung c cao tng (488

Khu nh lin k (20 cn

Khu nh bit th (17

Ngun: Thuyt minh d n u t

D kin d n u t xy dng 3 trm bin p (s 1, s 2 v s 3):

- Sn c b tr thm h thng dm chnh v ph nhm tng thm cng trong mt

- Tng din tch sn ca 1 cn: 555 m2.

+ H thng cc ca i v ca s s dng chng loi ca g nhm 3, pha trong cc ca

Hng mc cng trnh

Thnh tin sau thu

Cc cng trnh h tng

Ngun: Thuyt minh d n u t

Kt lun kt qu vic kho st thm d a cht khu vc D n u t xy dng T

2,5m/s; tc gi cao nht 34m/s. Bo thng xut hin vo thng 7

n thng 9 hng nm, cp gi mnh t cp 8 n cp 10 v ln ti cp 12.

Kt qu cc mu th nghim nhm nh gi kh nng n mn i vi b tng ct thp

Cc mu kh c ly ni thong ng, khng b che chn. Ti thi im ly mu tri

nghip xin thu t xy dng cc d n to iu kin thu ht lao ng trn a bn x.

- Khi d n i vo hot ng: S c chy n chp in lin quan n cc vt dng

- Vic di chuyn m m i ni khc nh hng n tm linh, tn ngng ca ngi

3.1.1.4. nh gi nh hng ca cc tc ng ti mi trng

Nh vy, s lt xe cn thit vn chuyn bn t thi v t san lp mt bng l:

Trong : L : Ti lng bi (kg/km/lt xe/nm);

Ngun: Cng ty C phn T vn Ti nguyn v Mi trng, 11/2010

Ngoi cc nh hng ting n, rung ng ca cc my mc phng tin thi cng nu

w: H s dng chy ph thuc vo mt ph ca khu vc tnh ton, chn w = 0,5;

Bng 3.9- Nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot

Nc thi thi cng

- i vi vn an ton lao ng vic vn chuyn, bc d v lp t my mc v

T sinh hot cc h dn v dch

lng (t, ct)

3.1.2.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi

3.1.2.4. nh gi nh hng ca cc tc ng ti mi trng

3.1.2.4.3 Tc ng do cht thi rn

Cng cng, dch v

Cc nh gi v cc tc ng ca D n l kh chi tit v c th. Cng chnh v vy m

- S dng nhin liu ng vi thit k ca cc ng c

- i vi rc thi sinh hot: Rc thi ca cng nhn phi c gom vo cc thng

- Xy dng k hoch nh k kim tra, bo dng, thay th, hoc i mi cc ng

H ga, lng cn,

Nc ma sau khi c thu t sn ngoi vo ng thot t trn mi ca cc nh chung

Nc thi sinh hot t

Nc thi sinh hot t

Hnh 4.3: S khi h thng x l nc thi tp trung

Hnh 4.4: S cu to b tch du

L?p v?t li?u l?c

L?p v?t li?u l?c