CHNG VI : H THNG IU HO

KHNG KH KIU KH
6.1 KHI NIM V PHN LOI
6.1.1 Khi nim
H thng iu ho kiu kh l h thng iu ho m thit b x l nhit m l thit b
trao i nhit kiu b mt. Trong thit b iu ho kiu kh, khng kh chuyn ng ngang
qua bn ngoi thit b trao i nhit v thc hin qu trnh trao i nhit m. B mt bn
ngoi c th c cnh hoc khng c. B mt c cnh thng hay c s dng nng cao
hiu qu trao i nhit m. Bn trong b mt l mi cht chuyn ng, mi cht c th l mi
cht lnh, nc lnh hoc glycol.
Qu trnh trao i nhit m c thc hin nh truyn nhit qua vch ngn cch. Nh
qu trnh trao i nhit vi mi cht lnh m nhit khng kh gim xung, n nhit
yu cu, trc khi c thi vo phng.
ng thi vi qu trnh trao i nhit, cng xy ra qu trnh trao i cht khi khng kh i
qua thit b, qu trnh ny chnh l qu trnh lm thay i dung m khng kh. Khi nhit b
mt trao i nhit thp hn nhit ng sng ca khng kh i qua, mt lng hi nc
trong khng kh s ngng t li trn b mt ca thit b. Do qua qu trnh x l, dung m
ca khng khi gim. Khi nhit b mt cao hn nhit ng sng, dung m ca khng
kh khng i.
Nh vy qu trnh trao i nhit m khng kh thit b iu ho kiu kh ch c th
lm gim dung m hoc khng i. Mun lm tng m phi c thit b phun m b sung.

00%
=1

Hnh 6.1. Qu trnh x l nhit m ca my iu ho kiu kh

6.1.2 Phn loi cc h thng iu ho kiu kh

C nhiu cch phn loi phn loi h thng iu ho kiu kh da trn cc tiu ch khc
nhau, c th nh sau:
Theo c im ca thit b x l nhit m:
- H thng iu ho cc b.
- H thng iu ho kiu phn tn.
- H thng iu ho trung tm.
Theo c im mi cht gii nhit dn ngng
100

- H thng iu ho gii nhit bng nc (water cooled)

- H thng iu ho gii nhit bng khng kh (air cooled)
Theo kh nng x l khng kh
- My iu ho 1 chiu lnh: L dng my ch c kh nng lm lnh.
- My iu ho 2 chiu nng lnh: My va c kh nng lm lnh va c kh nng gia
nhit khng kh khi cn. V ma h my chy ch lm lnh, v ma ng, my chy ch
si m khng kh. chuyn sang ch si m ma ng, thng qua h thng van
o chiu, dn lnh chuyn thnh dn nng v dn nng chuyn thnh dn lnh, my hot
ng theo ch bm nhit v si m khng kh. i vi nc ta

6.2 H THNG KIU CC B.

H thng iu ha khng kh kiu cc b l h thng ch iu ha khng kh trong mt
phm vi hp, thng ch l mt phng ring c lp hoc mt vi phng nh.
Trn thc t loi my iu ha kiu ny gm 4 loi ph bin sau:
- My iu ha dng ca s (Window type);
- My iu ha kiu ri (split type);
- My iu ha kiu ghp (multi-split type);
- My iu ho ri dng t thi trc tip.
c im chung ca tt c cc my iu ho cc b l cng sut nh v lun c dn
nng c gii nhit bng gi (air cooled), rt thch hp cho cc i tng c cng sut
nhit yu cu nh.

6.2.1 My iu ha khng kh dng ca s

My iu ha dng ca s thng c lp t trn cc tng trng ging nh cc ca s
nn c gi l my iu ha khng kh dng ca s.
My iu ho dng ca s l my iu ho c cng sut nh nm trong khong 7.000
24.000 Btu/h vi cc model ch yu sau 7.000, 9.000, 12.000, 18.000 v 24.000 Btu/h. Tu
theo hng my m s model c th nhiu hay t. Tt c cc cng sut nu trn l cng sut
danh nh, cng sut tht ca my s sai khc cht t tu theo ch lm vic v tng hng
my khc nhau.
V cu to
V cu to my iu ho dng ca s l mt t my lnh c lp t hon chnh thnh
mt khi ch nht ti nh my sn xut, trn c y dn nng, dn lnh, my nn lnh,
h thng ng ng ga, h thng in v ga c np sn. Ngi lp t ch vic u ni
in l my c th hot ng v sinh lnh.
Trn hnh 6.2 l cu to bn trong ca mt my iu ho dng ca s. Bnh thng, dn
lnh t pha bn trong phng, dn nng nm pha ngoi. Qut dn nng v dn lnh ng
trc v chung m t. Qut dn lnh thng l qut dng ly tm kiu lng sc cho php to lu
lng v p lc gi ln c th thi gi i xa. Ring qut dn nng l kiu hng trc v
ch cn lu lng ln gii nhit cho n.
gia cm my c vch ngn nhm ngn cch khoang lnh v khoang nng.
Gi trong phng c ly vo ca ht nm mt trc cm my v c a vo dn
lnh thc hin qu trnh trao i nhit m, sau c thi ra ca thi gi nm pha trn
hoc bn cnh. Ca thi gi c cc cnh hng gi c th chuyn ng qua li nhm hng
gi ti cc v tr bt k trong phng.
Khng kh gii nhit dn nng c ly 2 bn hng ca v my. Khi qut hot ng
gi tun hon vo bn trong v c thi qua dn nng i ra ngoi. Khi lp t my iu ho
ca s cn lu trnh che lp ca ly gi ny.

101

Hnh 6.2. Cu to my iu ha ca s
1- Dn nng ; 2- My nn; 3- Mt qut; 4- Qut dn lnh; 5- Dn lnh;
6- Li lc; 7- Ca ht gi lnh; 8 - Ca thi gi; 9- Tng nh
Pha trc mt my c b tr b iu khin. B iu khin cho php iu khin v chn cc
ch lm vic ca my c th nh sau:
- Bt tt my iu ho ON-OFF;
- Chn ch lm lnh v khng lm lnh (thng gi);
- Chn tc ca qut: Nhanh, va v chm;
- t nhit phng;
- Ngoi ra trong mt s my cn c thm cc chc nng hn gi, ch lm kh, ch
ng vv. . .
V chng loi, my iu ho ca s c 2 dng: ch lm lnh (my 1 chiu) v va lm
lnh va si m (my 2 chiu). my 2 chiu nng lnh c cm van o chiu cho php
hon i v tr dn nng v dn lnh vo cc ma khc nhau trong nm.
Ma h dn lnh trong phng, dn nng bn ngoi, chc nng my lc ny l lm lnh.
Ma ng ngc li dn nng trong phng, dn lnh bn ngoi phng, lc ny my chy
ch bm nhit, chc nng ca my l si m.
My nn lnh ca my iu ho ca s l my lnh kiu kn.
Gia khoang nng v khoang lnh c ca iu chnh cp gi ti, cho php iu chnh
lng kh ti cung cp vo phng.
Khoang y ca v my dng cha nc ngng ri t dn lnh v hng dc ra ca thot
nc ngng.
H thng in v ng gas c lp t hon chnh ti nh my. i vi my iu ho dng
ca s thit b tit lu l chm cc ng mao bng ng.

Hnh 6.3. Hnh dng bn ngoi ca my iu ho ca s

102

c im my iu ho ca s
u im:
- D dng lp t v s dng;
- Gi thnh tnh trung bnh cho mt n v cng sut lnh thp;
- i vi cng s c nhiu phng ring bit, s dng my iu ho ca s rt kinh t,
chi ph u t v vn hnh u thp.
Nhc im:
- Cng sut b, ti a l 24.000 Btu/h;
- i vi cc to nh ln, khi lp t my iu ha dng ca s th s ph v kin trc
v lm gim v m quan ca cng trnh do s lng cc cm my qu nhiu;
- Dn nng x kh nng ra bn ngoi nn ch c th lp t trn tng bao. i vi
cc phng nm su trong cng trnh th khng th s dng my iu ho ca s, nu s dng
cn c ng thot gi nng ra ngoi rt phc tp. Tuyt i khng nn x gi nng ra hnh
lang v nh vy s to ra chnh nhit rt ln gia khng kh trong phng v ngoi hnh
lang rt nguy him cho ngi s dng i vo v ra phng;
- Kiu loi khng nhiu nn ngi s dng kh khn la chn. Hu ht cc my c b
mt bn trong kh ging nhau nn v mt m quan ngi s dng khng c mt s la chn
rng ri.

Mt s vn cn lu khi s dng:
- Khng cc vt che chn lm nh hng ti tun hon gi dn lnh v
dn nng.
- Khi va dng my khng nn cho chy li ngay , m ch khong 3 pht cho
p lc ga trong h thng tr li cn bng, ri mi chy li.
- nh k v sinh phin lc ht.
- Khng nn t nhit phng qu thp va khng kinh t li khng m
yu cu v sinh.
Di y l bng thng s k thut my iu ho dng ca s ca hng LG (Hn Quc)
sn xut.
- Bng 6.1 trnh by cc thng s k thut my iu ho dng ca s 1 chiu lnh ca LG
- Bng 6.2 trnh by cc thng s k thut my iu ho dng ca s 2 chiu nng lnh
ca LG.

Bng 6.1. Thng s k thut my iu ho ca s , kiu 1 chiu lnh, hng LG

Model
LWB0960PC LWB1260PC LWB1860QC
L
L
L
18.000
12.000
9.000
Cng sut lnh
Btu/h
4.536
3.024
2.268
KCal/h
5.274
3.516
2.637
W
H s lnh E.E.R
Btu/W
9,0
9,5
8,6
in p/Tn s
V/Hz 220 240 / 50 220 240 / 50 220 240 / 50
Cng sut tiu th in
W
1.000
1.260
2.100
Dng in tiu th
A
4,4
5,6
8,6
n (Dn nng/dn lnh)
dB (A)
49 / 55
51 / 57
54 / 60
Kh nng ht m
Lt/h
1,3
1,7
2,1
3
Lu lng gi (Dn nng/dn m /pht
5,8 / 10,0
7,5 / 15
12 / 23
lnh)
Kch thc (Rng/Cao/Su)
mm
510x353x487 600 x 380 x
600 x 628 x
555
675
Khi lng
kg
32
43
59
Thng s

n v

103

Bng 6.2. Thng s k thut my iu ho ca s 2 chiu, hng LG

Thng s
Cng sut lnh
Cng sut si

Model
LWC0960PH LWC1260PH LWC1860QH
L
L
L
17..500
11.500
9.000
Btu/h
4.410
2.898
2.268
KCal/h
5.128
3.369
2.637
W
17..500
11.500
9.000
Btu/h
4.410
2.898
2.268
KCal/h
5.128
3.369
2.637
W
Btu/W
9,0
8,5
7,6
V/Hz 220 240 / 50 220 240 / 50 220 240 / 50
in
W
1.000 / 920
1.350 / 1.150 2.300 / 2.160
n v

H s lnh E.E.R
in p/Tn s
Cng sut tiu th
(Lnh/Si)
Dng in tiu th
A
4,4 / 4,0
n (Dn nng/dn lnh)
dB (A)
49 / 55
Kh nng ht m
Lt/h
1,4
Lu lng gi (Dn nng/dn m3/pht
7,0 / 12,0
lnh)
Kch thc (Rng/Cao/Su)
mm
600x380x555
Khi lng

kg

41

5,7 / 4,8
52 / 57
1,7
8,0 / 15

9,9 / 9,4
55 / 62
1,8
12,3 / 23

600 x 380 x
555
43

600 x 428 x
770
67

6.2.2 My iu ha khng kh kiu ri (2 mnh)

Cu to v nguyn l hot ng
khc phc nhc im ca my iu ho ca s l khng th lp t cho cc phng
nm su trong cng trnh v s hn ch v kiu mu, chng loi ngi ta pht minh ra my
iu ho kiu ri, dn nng v dn lnh c tch thnh 2 khi. V vy my iu ho
dng ny cn c tn l my iu ho kiu ri (split) hay my iu ho 2 mnh.
My iu ha ri gm 2 cm dn nng (gi l Outdoor Unit) v dn lnh (Indoor
Unit) c b tr tch ri nhau. Ni lin kt gia 02 cm l cc ng ng dn mi cht v
dy in iu khin (hnh 6.4). My nn thng t bn trong cm dn nng. Qu trnh iu
khin s lm vic ca my c thc hin t dn lnh thng qua b iu khin c dy hoc
iu khin t xa.

104

Hnh 6.4. S nguyn l my iu ha ri

My iu ho kiu ri c cng sut nh t 9.000 Btu/h 60.000 Btu/h, bao gm ch yu

cc model sau: 9.000, 12.000, 18.000, 24.000, 36.000, 48.000 v 60.000 Btu/h. Tu theo tng
hng ch to my m s model c khc nhau.
Phn loi
- Theo ch lm vic ngi ta phn ra thnh hai loi my 1 chiu v my 2 chiu.
- Theo c im ca dn lnh c th chia ra: My iu ho gn tng, t nn, p trn,
du trn, cassette, my iu ho kiu v tinh.
Cc loi dn lnh v lp t
Dn lnh (indoor Unit) c t bn trong phng, l dn trao i nhit kiu b mt v
phn bin nht l kiu ng ng cnh nhm. Dn lnh c trang b qut kiu ly tm (lng sc).
Dn lnh c nhiu dng khc nhau cho php ngi s dng c th la chn kiu ph hp vi
kt cu ta nh v khng gian lp t , c th nh sau:

a) Dn lnh t sn (Floor Standing)

Loi t sn c ca thi gi t pha trn, ca ht t bn hng, pha trc. Loi ny thch
hp cho khng gian hp, nhng trn cao. Do c cu to mng, dt nn dn lnh t sn c th
t st tng ngay trong phng (xem hnh 6.5) rt thun li. Tuy nhin dn lnh t sn
cng c nhc im l do t trn sn nh nn chim mt phn din tch phng lm vic, mt
trc dn lnh cch mt khong nht nh khng c b tr thit b bt k gy cn tr lu
thng gi. Mt khc sinh hot ca con ngi cng nh hng t nhiu n lnh, c bit ch
ng ngi, nh hnh lang, snh khch sn khng nn s dng loi ny, v ngi qua li
thng hay vt cc loi giy vn, rc vo bn trong qua ming thi ca dn lnh.

105

Hnh 6.5. Dn lnh t sn v cch lp t

b) Dn lnh treo tng (Wall mounted)

y l dng dn lnh ph bin nht, n c lp t trn tng, c cu to rt p, gi
phn b u trong phng. My iu ho dng treo tng thch hp cho phng cn i, khng
kh c thi ra ca nh pha di v ht v pha ca ht nm pha trn. Ca thi c
cnh hng dng, c th cho ng yn hoc chuyn ng chao qua li, tu theo s thch ca
ngi s dng (hnh 6.6).

Hnh 6.6. Dn lnh treo tng v cch lp t

c) Loi p trn (Under Ceiling, Ceiling suspended)

Loi p trn c lp t p st laphng. Dn lnh p trn thch hp cho cc cng
trnh c trn thp v rng. Gi c thi ra i st trn, gi hi v pha di dn lnh. V hnh
thc dn lnh p trn rt ging dn lnh t sn v th khi lp t rt d nhm ln. Tuy bn
ngoi ging nhau nhng mng hng nc ngng bn trong t nhng v tr rt khc nhau
(hnh 6.7).
106

Hnh 6.7. Dn lnh p trn v cch lp t

d) Loi cassette
Dn lnh cassette c lp gp ln trn, vi ton b dn lnh nm khut trong laphng,
phn nh xung di l phn mt n. Mt n ca dn lnh cassette c 01 ca ht nm gia
v cc ming thi b tr 4 pha. Tu theo tng loi m mt n c 2, 3 hoc 4 ca thi.

Hnh 6.8. Dn lnh cassette v cch lp t

Loi cassette rt thch hp cho khu vc c trn cao, khng gian rng nh cc phng
hp, i snh, hi trng. Dn lnh kiu cassette c kiu dng rt p, l thit b c th dng
107

trang tr lm tng thm m b mt trn nh. Tuy nhin my iu ho c dn lnh kiu casette
c gi thnh cao. Do dn lnh rt st trn, nc ngng mun chy t do phi b tr pha di
laphng v vy my c trang b bm nc ngng, bm ln cao cn thit pha trong
laphng. Cng sut my cassette thng ln v nm trong khong 18.00036.000 Btu/h.

e) Loi du trn (concealed type)

Dn lnh kiu du trn c lp t hon ton bn trong la phng. dn gi xung
phng v hi gi tr li bt buc phi c ng cp, hi gi v cc ming thi, ming ht. Kiu
du trn thch hp cho cc vn phng, cng s, cc khu vc c trn gi. Cng sut dn lnh
du trn thng ln v nm trong khong 36.00060.000 Btu/h. My iu ho c dn lnh
kiu du trn c th lp t cho cc phng tng i ln.

Mi
ng hut

Mi
ng th
i

Hnh 6.9. Dn lnh m trn v cch lp t

f) Loi v tinh (Ceiling mounted built-in)

Ngoi cc dng dn lnh ph bin nh trn, mt s hng cn ch to loi dn lnh kiu v
tinh. Dn lnh kiu v tinh gm mt dn chnh c b tr ming ht, dn chnh c ni vi
cc v tinh, l cc hp c cc ca thi gi. Cc v tinh c ni vi dn chnh qua ng ni
mm. Mi dn c t 2 n 4 v tinh t cc v tr tu .

Hnh 6.10. Dn lnh kiu v tinh

Dn lnh ni chung u c ng thot nc ngng, khi lp cn c dc nht nh nc
ngng chy kit v khng ng li trn ng ng gy ng sng. ng nc ngng thng
s dng l ng PVC v c bc mt cch nhit nhm trnh ng sng bn ngoi v ng.

Dn nng
Dn nng l dn trao i nhit kiu ng ng cnh nhm, c qut kiu hng trc.
Cu to cho php lp t ngoi tri m khng cn che chn ma. Tuy nhin cn trnh ni c
nng gt v bc x trc tip ca mt tri, hoc ni c nn b tng qu nng. V nh vy hiu
qu gii nhit gim rt nhiu.
108

Hnh 6.11. Dn nng v yu cu lp t

ng dn ga
Lin kt dn nng v lnh l mt cp ng dch lng v gas. Kch c ng dn c ghi r
trong cc ti liu k thut ca my hoc c th cn c vo cc u ni ca n. ng dch nh
hn ng gas. Cc ng dn khi lp t nn kp vo nhau tng hiu qu lm vic ca my.
Ngoi cng bc ng mt cch nhit.

Bng 6.3. Kch c ng dn mi cht cc my iu ho dng ri

Cng sut
ng y
ng ht

9.000
1/4
(6,35)
1/2
(12,7)

12.000
1/4
(6,35)
1/2
(12,7)

18.000
3/8
(9,53)
5/8
(16)

24.0000
3/8
(9,53)
3/4
(19)

36.000
1/2
(12,7)
3/4
(19)

Dy in iu khin v ng lc
Dy in iu khin ni gia dn nng v dn lnh dng iu khin v phi hp hot
ng gia dn lnh v dn nng, ng thi cp in ngun cho qut dn lnh. Tu theo hng
my m s lng dy c khc nhau t 36 si. Kch c dy nm trong khong t 0,75
2,5mm2. Thng thng my nn b tr dn nng, nu cp in ngun vo t dn nng th
kch c dy in khng cn ln. Tuy nhin nu ngun in cp vo t dn lnh th dy in
iu khin s c kch c ln hn.
Dy in ng lc (dy in ngun) thng c ni vo dn nng. Tu theo cng sut
my m in ngun l 1 pha hay 3pha. Thng cng sut t 36.000 Btu/h tr ln s dng in
3 pha. S dy in ng lc tu thuc vo my 1 pha, 3 pha v hng my.

Mt s lu khi lp t v s dng
- V tr dn nng v lnh: Khi lp dn nng v lnh phi ch vn hi du. Khi h
thng lm vic du theo ga chy n dn lnh, hn ch vic trao i nhit v lm my thiu
du. V th khi v tr dn lnh thp hn dn nng cn phi c cc by du u ra dn lnh,
thc hin vic hi du. Ngi thit k v lp t cn lu chnh lch cao cho php
gia dn nng v dn lnh v di cho php ca ng ng nu trong cc ti liu k
thut. Khi cao ln c th s dng mt vi by du, nhng cn lu khi s dng qu nhiu
by du tr lc ng ng ln s lm gim nng sut lnh ca my.
109

- V tr lp t dn nng phi thong, mt v trnh thi gi nng vo ngi, vo cc

dn nng khc.
- Khi lp t ng ng cn v sinh sch s, ht chn khng hoc ui kh khng
ngng khi ng ng, hn ch di ng ng cng ngn cng tt, trnh i ng ng
khc khuu, nhiu mi ni.

Hnh 6.12. Dng c ct v loe ng

- Sau khi va tt my khng nn chy li ngay m phi i t nht 3 pht cho u y

v ht my cn bng ri chy li. mt s my c r le thi gian hay mch tr cho php my
ch c th khi ng sau mt khong thi gian no k t khi bt my chy (thng l 3
pht ).
- Khi s dng nn t nhit trong nh va phi trnh t qu thp va khng tt v
mt v sinh va tn in nng.
- Khng nn s dng dn nng my iu ha hong kh, sy kh cc vt khc.
c im ca my iu ho ri
u im
- So vi my iu ha ca s, my iu ha ri cho php lp t nhiu khng gian
khc nhau.
- C nhiu kiu loi dn lnh cho php ngi s dng c th chn loi thch hp nht
cho cng trnh cng nh thch c nhn.
- Do ch c 2 cm nn vic lp t tng i d dng.
- Gi thnh r.
- Rt tin li cho cc khng gian nh hp v cc h gia nh.
- D dng s dng, bo dng, sa cha.
Nhc im
- Cng sut hn ch , ti a l 60.000 Btu/h.
- di ng ng v chnh lch cao gia cc dn b hn ch.
- Gii nhit bng gi nn hiu qu khng cao, c bit nhng ngy tri nng
- i vi cng trnh ln, s dng my iu ho ri rt d ph v kin trc cng trnh,
lm gim m quan ca n, do cc dn nng b tr bn ngoi gy ra. Trong mt s trng hp
rt kh b tr dn nng.
Cc bng (6.4) v (6.5) di y trnh by c tnh k thut ca my iu ho 2 mnh,
hng Trane vi dn lnh kiu treo tng v du trn l 2 dng s dng ph bin nht.

110

Bng 6.4. c tnh k thut my iu ho 2 mnh, treo tng, hng Trane

c tnh
Cng sut lnh
Lu lng gi
M hiu dn lnh
M hiu dn nng
in ngun
Dng in
+ Dn lnh
+ Dn nng
Dng my nn
Thi hn bo hnh my nn
R le thi gian tr 3 pht
B iu khin t xa khng
dy
- R le thi gian 24 gi
- Ch lm kh
- iu khin tc qut
- Ch qut gi
- Ch ng
V tr lp t
Kch thc phng lp t
Thng s dn lnh
- Chiu cao
- Chiu rng
- Chiu su
- Khi lng
Thng s dn nng
- Chiu cao
- Chiu rng
- Chiu su
- Khi lng

n v
Btu/h
CFM

Model
9.000
12.000
18.000
24.000
300
400
600
800
MCW509G MCW512G MCW518G MCW524G
A
A
A
A
TTK509M TTK512M TTK518M TTK524M
A
A
A
A
V/Ph/Hz 220/1/50
220/1/50
220/1/50
220/1/50
A
A
Nm

m2

0,27
0,27
0,22
0,22
11,6
7,7
5,3
4,2
Rto
Rto
Rto
Rto
5
5
5
5

3Tc+Au 3Tc+Au 3Tc+Au 3Tc+Au

to
to
to
to

Tng
Tng
Tng
Tng
9-15
16-22
24-33
32-44

mm
mm
mm
kg

298
900
190
8,7

298
900
190
8,7

295
1.120
200,5
13

295
1.120
200,5
13

mm
mm
mm
kg

590
830
330
36,8

590
830
330
37,5

590
830
330
52

590
830
330
55,5

111

Bng 6.5. c tnh k thut my iu ho 2 mnh, du trn, hng Trane

c tnh
n v
Model
Cng sut lnh
Btu/h
12.000
18.000
24.000
30.000
36.000
36.000
42.000
48.000
60.000
Lu lng gi
CFM
300
450
600
750
900
900
1400
1600
2000
M hiu dn lnh
MCD512DB MCD518DB MCD524DB MCD530DB MCD536DB MCD536DB MCD048DB MCD048DB MCD060DB
M hiu dn nng
TTK512LB TTK518LB TTK524LB TTK530KB TTK536KB TTK536KD TTK042KD TTK048KD TTK060KD
in ngun
V/Ph/Hz 220/1/50
220/1/50
220/1/50
220/1/50
220/1/50
380/3/50
380/3/50
380/3/50
380/3/50
Dng in
3,45
2,75
2,6
1,2
1,2
1,1
0,9
0,5
0,4
A
+ Dn lnh
11,97
9,8
8,75
7,1
19,2
16,7
11,5
7,9
6,4
A
+ Dn nng
Mi cht lnh
R22
R22
R22
R22
R22
R22
R22
R22
R22
Dng my nn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
Kiu kn
V tr lp t
Du trn
Du trn
Du trn
Du trn
Du trn
Du trn
Du trn
Du trn
Du trn
Thng s dn lnh
408
408
408
254
254
254
254
254
254
mm
- Chiu cao
1.250
1.107
1.107
1.250
1.250
1.100
950
950
950
mm
- Chiu rng
759
759
759
520
520
520
520
480
480
mm
- Chiu su
54,5
48,5
48,5
29
29
26
24
22
20
kg
- Khi lng
Thng s dn nng
1.254
1.254
795
795
795
795
590
590
590
mm
- Chiu cao
988
988
1.018
1.018
1.018
1.018
830
830
830
mm
- Chiu rng
350
350
360
360
360
360
330
330
330
mm
- Chiu su
111
102
80
79
79
73
56
52
38
kg
- Khi lng

112

6.2.3. My iu ha kiu ghp (Multi - SPLIT)

My iu ha kiu ghp v thc cht l my iu ho gm 1 dn nng v 2 - 4 dn lnh.
Mi cm dn lnh c gi l mt h thng. Thng cc h thng hot ng c lp. Mi
dn lnh hot ng khng ph thuc vo cc dn lnh khc. Cc my iu ho ghp c th c
cc dn lnh chng loi khc nhau.
My iu ha dng ghp c nhng c im v cu to tng t my iu ha kiu ri.
Tuy nhin do dn nng chung nn tit kim din tch lp t.

Hnh 6.13. My iu ho dng ghp

Trn hnh 6.13 l s ca mt my iu ho ghp. S ny khng khc s nguyn
l my iu ho ri nhng c nhiu dn lnh hn.
B tr bn trong dn nng gm 2 my nn v sp xp nh sau:
- Trng hp c 2 dn lnh: 2 my nn hot ng c lp cho 2 dn lnh.
- Trng hp c 3 dn lnh: 1 my nn cho 1 dn lnh, 1 my nn cho 2 dn lnh.
Nh vy v c bn my iu ho ghp c cc c im ca my iu ho 2 mnh. Ngoi ra
my iu ho ghp cn c cc u im khc:
- Tit kin khng gian lp t dn nng
- Chung in ngun, gim chi ph lp t.
Bng 6.6 di y gii thiu c tnh k thut ca mt s my iu ho dng ghp ca
hng Trane.

113

Bng 6.6. c tnh k thut my iu ho ghp, hng Trane

c tnh
Dn nng

Dn lnh

Cng sut lnh

H thng n v
H thng
1
H thng
2
H thng
3
H thng
1
H thng
2
H thng
3

MTK51 MTK52
8DB
1DB
MCW50 MCW50
9
9
MCW50 MCW51
9
2

Btu/h

9.000

9.000

9.000

12.000

MODEL
MTK52 MTK524EB MTK53 MTK53
4DB
0DB
3DB
MCW51 MCX51 MCD5 MCW50 MCW50
2
2
12
9
9
MCW51 MCX51 MCD5 MCW50 MCW51
2
2
12
9
2
MCW51 MCW51
2
2
12.000 12.000 12.000 9.000
9.000
12.000 12.000 12.000

in ngun

MTK53 MTK536EB MTK53 MTK536GB

6DB
6FB
MCW51 MCX5 MCD5 MCW51 MCX5 MCD5
8
18
18
2
12
12
MCW51 MCX5 MCD5 MCW51 MCX5 MCD5
8
18
18
2
12
12
MCW51 MCX5 MCD5
2
12
12
18.000 18.000 18.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

9.000

12.000

18.000 18.000 18.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

12.000

12.000

12.000 12.000 12.000

V/ph/H 220/1/50 220/1/50 220/1/50 220/1/5 220/1/5 220/1/50 220/1/50 220/1/50 220/1/5 220/1/5 220/1/50 220/1/5 220/1/5
z
0
0
0
0
0
0
Dng in IU
H thng
0,1/0,1 0,1/0,1 0,1/0,1 0,3/0,3 0,4 / 0,1/0,1/0 0,1/0,1/0 0,2 / 0,2 0,4 /
0,5 / 0,1/0,1/0 0,3/0,3/ 0,4/0,4/
1/2/3
0,4
,1
,1
0,4
0,5
,1
0,3
0,4
Dng in OU H thng
4,43/4,4 4,43/5,7 5,73/5,7 5,83/5,8 5,73/5, 4,5/4,5/5 4,5/5,8/5 8,05/8,0 8,05/8,
5,8/5,8/5 5,9/5,9/ 5,8/5,8/
1/2/3
3
3
3
3
73
,8
,8
5
05
,8
5,9
5,8
Kch thc dn H thng
lnh
1/2/3
+ Rng
mm
850 850/100 1000
1085
950 850/100 850/100 1100
1085
950
1000
1085
950
0
0
0
+ Su
mm
167 167/195 195
243
480 167/195 167/195 210
243
480
195
243
480
+ Cao
mm
290 290/335 335
627
254 290/335 290/335 355
627
254
335
627
254
Kch thc dn
nng
+ Rng
mm
952
952
952
952
952
1128
1128
1128
1128 1128
1128
1128 1128
+ Su
mm
330
330
330
330
330
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
114

+ Cao
H thng
1
Khi lng dn H thng
lnh
2
H thng
3
Khi lng dn
nng

mm
kg

590
9

590
9

590
14

590
33

590
20

795
9

795
9

795
16

795
36

795
22

795
14

795
33

795
20

kg

14

14

33

20

14

16

36

22

14

33

20

14

14

14

33

20

112

113,4

114,8

114,8

114,8

kg
kg

60,4

61,8

63,2

63,2

63,2

115

123

123

123

6.2.4. My iu ho kiu ri dng t

My iu ho ri dng t l my iu ho c cng sut trung bnh. y l chng my rt
hay c lp t cc nh hng v snh ca cc c quan.
Cng sut ca my t 36.000 120.000 Btu/h
V nguyn l lp t cng ging nh my iu ho ri gm dn nng, dn lnh v h
thng ng ng, dy in ni gia chng.
u im ca my l gi lnh c tun hon v thi trc tip vo khng gian iu ho nn
tn tht nhit b, chi ph lp t nh. Mt khc n ca my nh nn mc d c cng sut
trung bnh nhng vn c th lp t ngay trong phng m khng s b nh hng.

Hnh 6.14. My iu ho ri dng t

Dn nng
L dn trao i nhit ng ng cnh nhm, qut hng trc c th thi ngang hoc thi
ng, my nn lnh dng kn c t bn trong dn nng.
Dn lnh
C dng khi hp (dng t), ca thi gi b tr pha trn cao, thi ngang, ca ht pha
di. Trn ming thi c cc cnh hng dng c th ng yn hoc chuyn ng qua li
hng gi n cc v tr cn thit. Pha trc ca ht c phin lc bi, nh k ngi s dng
cn v sinh phin lc cn thn.
B iu khin dn lnh t pha mt trc ca dn lnh, c y cc chc nng iu
khin cho php iu khin cc thng s: t nhit phng, tc chuyn ng ca qut,
chn ch lm vic, .. .
Di y l bng c tnh k thut my iu ho ri, thi t do ca hng Trane

116

Bng 6.7. c tnh k thut my iu ho kiu ri, thi t do, hng Trane

in
Dng in
Cng Lu
sut lng ngun
gi
Dn lnh Dn nng Btu/h CFM V/Ph/Hz Dn Dn
lnh nng
MCV036A TTK536K 39.00 1.500 220/1/50 1,6 17,9
1.500 380/3/50 1,6
0
6,6
B
A
MCV036A TTK536K 39.00 1.500 220/1/50 1,6 19,9
1.500 380/3/50 1,6
0
6,7
D
A
7,7
MCV048A TTK536K 43.10 1.500 380/3/50 1,6
2.000 380/3/50 1,8
0
9,3
B
A
MCV048A TTK536K 43.10 2.000 380/3/50 1,8 10,1
3.000 380/3/50 2 x 1,6 11,7
0
D
A
MCV048A TTK048K 49.20 3.000 380/3/50 2 x 1,6 15,4
0
D
A
MCV060A TTK048K 54.10
0
D
A
MCV060A TTK060K 60.70
0
D
A
MCV090A TTA075D 79.80
0
D
A
MCV090A TTA100D 97.50
0
D
A

Kch thc, mm
(Rng x Su x Cao)

Model

Dn lnh

Dn nng

782x457x1851018x360x79
0
5
782x457x1851018x360x79
0
5
782x457x1851018x360x79
0
5
782x457x1851018x360x79
0
5
782x457x185988x350x125
0
4
982x457x185988x350x125
0
4
982x457x185988x350x125
0
4
1182x457x181046x862x98
50
3
1182x457x181300x964x10
50
86

Khi lng,
kg
Dn Dn
lnh nng
90
110
90
110
90
115
90
115
115 109
141 109
141 109
170 160
170 189

6.3. H THNG KIU PHN TN

My iu ha kiu phn tn l my iu ha khu x l khng kh phn tn ti nhiu
ni.
Thc t my iu ha kiu phn tn c 2 dng ph bin sau:
- My iu ha kiu VRV (Variable Refrigerant Volume).
- My iu ha kiu lm lnh bng nc (Water chiller).
Cc h thng iu ho nu trn c rt nhiu dn lnh x l khng kh, cc dn lnh b tr
ti cc phng, v th chng l cc h thng lnh kiu phn tn.

6.3.1 My iu ha khng kh VRV

My iu ho VRV ra i t nhng nm 70 trc yu cu v tit kim nng lng v
nhng yu cu cp thit ca cc nh cao tng.
Cho ti nay vn cha c tn gi ting Vit no phn nh ng bn cht my iu ho kiu
VRV. Tuy nhin trong gii chuyn mn ngi ta chp nhn gi l VRV nh cc nc vn
s dng v hin nay c mi ngi s dng rng ri.
My iu ho VRV do hng Daikin ca Nht pht minh u tin. Hin nay hu ht cc
hng sn xut cc my iu ho VRV v t di cc tn gi khc nhau , nhng v mt
bn cht th khng c g khc.
Tn gi VRV xut pht t cc ch u ting Anh: Variable Refrigerant Volume, ngha l
h thng iu ho c kh nng iu chnh lu lng mi cht tun hon v qua c th thay
i cng sut theo ph ti bn ngoi.
Cng sut my lnh c xc nh theo cng thc:

117

Vlt
.d 2
Qo = .
.q o = .
.s.Z.n.q o
v1
4
trong :
- H s cp my nn;
Vlt - Th tch ht l thuyt, m3/s;
qo- Nng sut lnh ring ca my nn, kJ/kg;
S- Chiu di quet ca piston, m;
Z- S xy lanh ca my nn;
n- Tc quay ca my nn, v/giy;
Nh vy thay i Qo theo ph ti bn ngoi mt trong nhng bin php l thay i tc
quay ca my nn. thay i tc quayca my nn trong h thng VRV ngi ta s
dng b bin tn thay i tn s nmgun in v qua thay i tc quay ca my nn.
My iu ho VRV ra i nhm khc phc nhc im ca my iu ho dng ri l
di ng ng dn ga, chnh lch cao gia dn nng, dn lnh v cng sut lnh b hn
ch. Vi my iu ho VRV cho php c th ko di khong cch gia dn nng v dn lnh
ln n 100m v chnh lch cao t 50m. Cng sut my iu ho VRV cng t gi tr
cng sut trung bnh.
S nguyn l v cu to.
Trn hnh 6.15 l s nguyn l ca mt h thng iu ho kiu VRV. H thng bao
gm cc thit b chnh: Dn nng, dn lnh, h thng ng ng dn v ph kin.
Dn nng
Dn nng l mt dn trao i nhit ln hoc t hp mt vi dn nng. Cu to dn nng
cng gm dn trao i nhit cnh nhm trong c b tr mt qut hng trc, thi gi ln pha
trn. Mt my nn v cc thit b ph ca h thng lm lnh t dn nng. My nn lnh
thng l loi my kn ly tm dng xon.
Dn lnh
Dn lnh c nhiu chng loi nh cc dn lnh ca cc my iu ha ri. Mt dn nng
c lp khng c nh vi mt s dn lnh no , min l tng cng sut ca cc dn lnh
dao ng trong khong t 50 130% cng sut dn nng. Ni chung cc h VRV c s dn
lnh trong khong t 4 n 16 dn. Hin nay c mt s hng gii thiu cc chng loi my
mi c s dn nhiu hn. Trong mt h thng c th c nhiu dn lnh kiu dng v cng
sut khc nhau. Cc dn lnh hot ng hon ton c lp thng qua b iu khin. Khi s
lng dn lnh trong h thng hot ng gim th h thng t ng iu chnh cng sut mt
cch tng ng.
- Cc dn lnh c th c iu khin bng cc Remote hoc cc b iu khin theo
nhm thng.
- Ni dn nng v dn lnh l mt h thng ng ng v dy in iu khin. ng
ng trong h thng ny c kch c ln hn my iu ha ri. H thng ng ng c ni
vi nhau bng cc chi tit ghp ni chuyn dng gi l cc REFNET rt tin li.
- H thng c trang b b iu khin t tch vi (PID) iu khin nhit phng.
- H c hai nhm o t , iu tn (Inverter) v hi nhit (Heat recovery). My iu
ho VRV kiu hi nhit c th lm vic 2 ch si nng v lm lnh.
c im chung
u im
- Mt dn nng cho php lp t vi nhiu dn lnh vi nhiu cng sut, kiu dng khc
nhau. Tng nng sut lnh ca cc IU cho php thay i trong khong ln 50-130% cng
sut lnh ca OU
- Thay i cng sut lnh ca my d dng nh thay i lu lng mi cht tun hon
trong h thng thng qua thay i tc quay nh b bin tn.

118

Hnh 6.15. S nguyn l my iu ha VRV

- H vn c th vn hnh khi c mt s dn lnh hng hc hay ang sa cha.
- Phm vi nhit lm vic nm trong gii hn rng.
- Chiu di cho php ln (100m) v cao chnh lch gia OU v IU: 50m, gia cc
IU l 15m.
- Nh h thng ng ni REFNET nn d dng lp t ng ng v tng tin cy
cho h thng.
- H thng ng ng nh nn rt thch hp cho cc ta nh cao tng khi khng gian
lp t b.
Nhc im
- Gii nhit bng gi nn hiu qu lm vic cha cao.
- S lng dn lnh b hn ch nn ch thch hp cho cc h thng cng sut va. i
vi cc h thng ln thng ngi ta s dng h thng Water chiller hoc iu ha trung tm
- Gi thnh cao nht trong cc h thng iu ho khng kh
Bng 6.8. c tnh k thut dn lnh my VRV - hng Daikin

c tnh
20

25

32

40

MODEL K
50
63
80

100

Cng
sut
2.000 2.500 3.150 4.000 5.000 6.300 8.000 10.00
lnh
0
7.500 9.600 12.30 15.40 19.10 24.20 30.70
- Kcal/h
38.20
0
0
0
0
0
2,8
2,2
- Btu/h
0
9,0
7,1
5,6
4,5
3,6
- kW
11,2
Cng
sut
2.200 2.800 3.400 4.300 5.400 6.900 8.600 10.80
si
0
8.500 10.90 13.60 17.00 21.50 27.30 34.10
- Kcal/h
42.70
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,5
- Btu/h
0
8,0 10,0
6,3
5,0
4,0
3,2
- kW
12,5

125

200

250

12.50 20.00 25.00

0
0
0
47.80 76.40 95.50
0
0
0
14,0 22,4 28,0
13.80 21.50 27.00
0
0
0
54.60 85.30 107.5
00
0
0
16,0 25,0 31,5

Trn hnh 6.16. m t cc ch lm vic c th c ca cc h thng iu ho VRV. Theo

bng ny ta c cc ch lm vic ca my iu ho VRV nh sau:
- Ch lnh: Tt c cc phng u lm lnh (1)
- Ch hi nhit (2), (3) v (4): Mt s phng lm lnh, mt s phng si m.
i vi my c ch hi nhit ngoi cp ng ng lng i v ga v cn c thm
ng hi v h thng chn nhnh.
- Ch si: Tt c cc phng u si m.
119

Hnh 6.16. Cc ch iu khin dn lnh my iu ha VRV

Trn bng 6.7 gii thiu c tnh k thut ca cc my iu ho VRV hng Daikin loi K,
kiu Inverter (Bm nhit v lm lnh ring bit). y phn ch biu th kiu loi, phn s
biu th cng sut. V d loi dn lnh c cng sut 6300 kCal/h k hiu l 63K nh
FXYC63K, FXYK63K... ngha ca cc ch c th nh sau:
+ FXYC- L dn lnh thi theo 2 hng i din nhau (Double flow Type). Loi ny c
cc model: FXYC20K/25K/32K/40K/50K/63K/80K/125K
+ FXYF - L dn lnh thi theo 4 hng (multi flow type). Loi ny c cc model sau:
FXYF32K/40K/50K/63K/80K/100K/125K
+ Loi thi theo 1 hng, dng lp t gc (corner type): FXYK25K/32K/40K/63K
+ Loi p trn (ceiling suspended type): FXYH32K/63K/100K
+ Loi t nn (floor standing): FXYL25K/40K/63K
+ Loi du trn (ceiling mounted duct type). Loi ny c cc model c th nh sau:
FXYM40K/50K/63K/80K/100K/125K/200K/250K
+ Loi treo tng (wall mounted type): FXYA25K/32K/40K/50K/63K
+ Loi v tinh (Ceiling mounted buit-in type). Loi v tinh c cc model c th sau:
FXYS25K/32K/40K/50K/63K/80K/100K/125K
120

Bng 6.9. c tnh k thut dn nng my VRV - hng Daikin

c tnh
Cng sut lnh
- Kcal/h
- Btu/h
- kW
Cng sut si
- Kcal/h
- Btu/h
- kW

RXS5K

RSX8K

12.500
47.800
14,0

20.000
76.400
22,4

MODEL
RSX10K RSXY5K RSXY8K RSXY10K
25.000
95.500
28,0

12.500
47.800
14,0

20.000
76.400
22,4

25.000
95.500
28,0

13.800
54.600
16,0

21.500
85.300
25,0

27.000
107.500
31,5

Bng 6.9 gii thiu dn nng my iu ho loi K, kiu hi nhit (Heat Recovery ). i
vi loi hi nhit cn trang b b la chn r nhnh BS (Branch Selector Unit), la chn
ch vn hnh lm lnh, si m hoc c 2, tu thuc vo nhit ca phng. i vi
model loi K c 2 b la chn r nhnh l BSV100K v BSV160K.
Bng 6.10. c tnh k thut dn nng my VRV, loi hi nhit - hng Daikin

MODEL
Cng sut
- KCal/h
- Btu/h
- kW
Cng sut
- KCal/h
- Btu/h
- kW

RSEY8K

RSEY10K

20.000
76.400
22.4

25.000
95.500
28.0

21.500
85.300
25.0

27.000
107.500
31.5

6.3.2. My iu ha khng kh lm lnh bng nc (WATER

CHILLER)
H thng iu ha khng kh kiu lm lnh bng nc l h thng trong cm my
lnh khng trc tip x l khng kh m lm lnh nc n khong 7oC. Sau nc c
dn theo ng ng c bc cch nhit n cc dn trao i nhit gi l cc FCU v AHU
x l nhit m khng kh. Nh vy trong h thng ny nc s dng lm cht ti lnh.
S nguyn l
Trn hnh 6.17. l s nguyn l ca h thng iu ho lm lnh bng nc. H thng gm
cc thit b chnh sau:
- Cm my lnh Chiller
- Thp gii nhit (i vi my chiller gii nhit bng nc) hoc dn nng (i vi chiller
gii nhit bng gi)
- Bm nc gii nhit
- Bm nc lnh tun hon
- Bnh gin n v cp nc b sung
- H thng x l nc
- Cc dn lnh FCU v AHU
c im ca cc thit b chnh:

121

a) Cm Chiller:
Cm my lnh chiller l thit b quan trng nht ca h thng iu ho kiu lm lnh bng
nc. N c s dng lm lnh cht lng, trong iu ho khng kh s dng lm lnh
nc ti khong 7oC (hnh 6.16). y nc ng vai tr l cht ti lnh.
Cm Chiller l mt h thng lnh c lp t hon chnh ti nh my nh ch to, vi cc
thit b sau:
+ My nn: C rt nhiu dng , nhng ph bin l loi trc vt, my nn kn, my nn
pittng na kn.
+ Thit b ngng t: Tu thuc vo hnh thc gii nhit m thit b ngng t l
bnh ngng hay dn ngng. Khi gii nhit bng nc th s dng bnh ngng, khi gii nhit
bng gi s dng dn ngng. Nu gii nhit bng nc th h thng c thm thp gii nhit
v bm nc gii nhit. Trn thc t nc ta , thng hay s dng my gii nhit bng nc
v hiu qu cao v n nh hn.
+ Bnh bay hi: Bnh bay hi thng s dng l bnh bay hi ng ng c
cnh. Mi cht lnh si ngoi ng, nc chuyn ng trong ng. Bnh bay hi c bc cc
nhit v duy tr nhit khng c qu di 7oC nhm ngn nga nc ng bng gy n
v bnh. Cng dng bnh bay hi l lm lnh nc.
+ T in iu khin.

Hnh 6.16. Cm my chiller my nn pittng na kn Carrier

Trn hnh 6.16 v 6.18. l cm chiller vi my nn kiu pittng na kn ca hng Carrier.
Cc my nn kiu na kn c b tr nm trn cm bnh ngng - bnh bay hi. Pha mt
trc l t in iu khin. Ton b c lp t thnh 01 cm hon chnh trn h thng
khung chc chn.
Khi lp t cm chiller cn lu dnh khng gian cn thit v sinh cc bnh ngng.
Khng gian my thong ng, c th d dng i li xung quanh cm my lnh thao tc.
Khi lp cm chiller cc phng tng trn cn lp thm cc b chng rung.
My lnh chiller iu khin ph ti theo bc , trong cc cm my c thi gian lm vic
khng u nhau. V th ngi vn hnh cn thng xuyn hon i tun t khi ng ca
cc cm my cho nhau. lm vic trong cc t in iu khin c trang b cng tc hon
i v tr cc my.
Bng 6.11 l cc thng s k thut c bn ca cm chiller ca hng Carrier loi 30HK.
y l chng loi my iu ho c cng sut trung bnh t 10 n 160 ton v c s dng
tng i rng ri ti Vit Nam.

122

IT

IT

1- Cm chiller; 2- Thp gii nhit; 3- Bm nc lnh; 4- Bm nc gii nhit; 5- AHU; 6- FCU; 7- Bnh gin n v cp nc b sung

Hnh 6.17. S nguyn l h thng iu ho water chiller

123

Bng 6.11. c tnh k thut cm my chiller Carrier

c tnh
Mi cht

- Lng mi cht
np
My nn
- M hiu

n v
M
hiu
kg

24 + 42

24 + 54

Dng
MY NN PITTNG NA KN, n=1440 V/PH
My 1 06DF337 06DA72 06E6166 06E7199 06E2166 06E6175 06E6199 06E6199
4

06E6199

My 2
- S xi lanh ca 1
my
- S xi lanh gim
ti

My 1
My 2
My 1
My 2

Mc gim ti
- % ti

Lng du np cho
1 my
Tng lng du np
Bnh bay hi
ng knh ngoi
bnh

Model
30HKA0 30HKA0 30HKA0 30HKA0 30HKA05 30HKA06 30HKA08 30HKA10 30HKA12 30HKA14 30HKA16
15
20
30
40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R22

Lit
Lit

11

8 x2

15

27

06DA72
4
6
6
4
6
6
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
100-67-0 10-50-0 100-5-0 100-6733-0
4,4
4,4
6,7
9
4,4
8,8
6,7
9

18 x2

21 x 2

06E2166

06E6175

4
4
1
1
4
100-7550-25-0
6,7
13,4

6
6
1
1
4
100-8367-33-0
9
18

26 x 2

124

45 x 2

06EF175 06EF199x
2
06EF199
06E6199 06EF175x 06EF199x 06EF175 06EF199x
2
2
2
06EF199
6
6
6
6x2
6x2
6
6x2
6x2
6x2
6x2
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
100-75100-80100-67100-70100-8350-25-0
60-30-0
56-33-0
57-30-0
67-33-0
9
9
9
9
9
18
27
27
36
36

BNH BAY HI NG CHM

Dng

40 x 2

- S vng tun
hon
- Th tch nc
- ng nc vo / ra
- ng nc ngng

mm
Lit
in
in

Dng
Bnh 1
Bnh 2
Bnh 1
- ng nc vo / ra Bnh 2
Bnh ngng
- ng knh bn
ngoi

- Cng sut lnh

- Cng sut nhit
- Cng sut in
( tnl = 7oC, tk =
37oC)

kW
kW
kW

216,3
1
12,7
2 MPT
3/8 MPT
267,4
2-1/2
FPT
44,4
56,6
12,2

FPT - Ni ren trong

bch
tnl - Nhit nc lnh u ra,

216,3
2
20,8
2-1/2
MPT
3/8 MPT
267,4
267,4
1-1/2
FPT
1-1/2
FPT
59,7
74,7
15,0

267,4
1
28,6
2-1/2
MPT
1 FPT

267,4
1
38
3 MPT
1 FPT

267,4
2-1/2
FPT
-

267,4
2-1/2
FPT
-

76,7
96,0
19,3

112
144
32,4

267,4
2
46
3 MPT
1 FPT

267,4
2
51
4 MPT
1 FPT

318,5
2
70
4 MPT
1 FPT

355,6
2
92
5F
1 FPT

355,6
2
107
5F
1 FPT

BINH NGNG NG CHM

267,4
267,4
267,4
216,3
216,3
355,6
318,5
267,4
216,3
216,3
2 FPT 2-1/2 FPT 2-1/2 FPT 2-1/2 FPT
2 FPT
4 FPT
2 FPT 2-1/2 FPT 3 FPT
2 FPT
149
193
44,1

179
226
47,1

223
288
64,7

MPT - Ni ren ngoi

tk - Nhit nc ngng u ra

125

295
371
77,1

335
432
97,1

406,4
2
114
6F
1 FPT

406
2
133
6F
1 FPT

318,5
318,5
3 FPT
3 FPT

355,6
355,6
4 FPT
4 FPT

411
520
110

450
579
129

F (Flange): Ni

Bng 6-12 cng sut lnh ca cc cm my chiller Carrier, 30HKA

Bng 6.12. Cng sut lnh ca chiller 30HK - Carrier (khi tnl = 7oC)

M
hiu

i lng
kW

30

35

tgn, oC
37

44,4
45,4
47,6
Qo
56,6
57,1
58,5
Qk
12,2
11,8
10,8
N
59,7
61,3
65,4
Qo
74,7
75,8
78,7
30HKA020
Qk
15,0
14,5
13,2
N
76,7
78,5
82,7
Qo
96,0
97,3
100,2
30HKA030
Qk
19,3
18,8
17,5
N
112
114
121
Qo
144
146
151
30HK040
Qk
32,4
31,6
29,6
N
149
153
162
Qo
193
195
202
30HK050
Qk
44,1
42,9
39,9
N
179
184
196
Qo
226
230
239
30HK060
Qk
47,1
45,8
42,4
N
223
228
242
Qo
288
291
301
30HK080
Qk
64,7
63,2
59,3
N
295
302
322
Qo
371
377
392
30HK100
Qk
77,1
75,1
69,9
N
335
343
363
Qo
432
438
452
30HK120
Qk
97,1
94,8
88,9
N
411
422
449
Qo
520
530
549
30HK140
Qk
110
108
100
N
450
461
488
Qo
579
588
606
30HK160
Qk
129
126
118
N
tnl - Nhit nc lnh ra khi chiller, oC
tgn - Nhit nc gii nhit ra khi chiller, oC
Qo - Cng sut lnh, kW
Qk - Cng sut gii nhit, kW
N - Cng sut m t in, kW
30HKA015

126

40

45

43,0
55,7
12,7
57,2
72,9
15,7
74,5
94,5
20,0
108
141
33,5
144
190
45,8
172
221
48,9
215
282
66,9
283
364
79,9
323
422
100
395
510
115
434
567
133

40,7
54,3
13,6
53,1
69,9
16,8
70,1
91,3
21,2
101
136
35,2
135
183
48,5
160
211
51,7
202
273
70,4
264
348
84,3
303
408
106
368
488
121
407
547
140

Hnh 6.18. Cm my lnh chiller

b) Dn lnh FCU
FCU ( Fan coil Unit) l dn trao i nhit ng ng cnh nhm v qut gi. Nc chuyn
ng trong ng, khng kh chuyn ng ngang qua cm ng trao i nhit, khng kh
c trao i nhit m, sau thi trc tip hoc qua mt h thng knh gi vo phng. Qut
FCU l qut lng sc dn ng trc tip.

Hnh 6.19. Cu to v lp t FCU

Trn bng 6.12 trnh by c tnh k thut c bn ca cc FCU hng Carrier vi 3 m hiu
42CLA, 42VLA v 42VMA.
Bng 6.13. c tnh k thut FCU hng Carrier

c tnh

n v
002

Lu lng gi
127

003

M hiu
004 006 008

010

012

- Tc cao
- Tc TB
- Tc thp
Qut
S lng qut
Kch thc qut
Vt liu
in ngun qut
S lng qut
Cng sut qut
- ng nc vo / ra
- ng nc ngng
- Cm trao i nhit
- S dy
- Mt cnh
- Din tch b mt
- p sut lm vic
- ng dng
- Khi lng
+ 42 CLA
+ 42 VLA
+ 42 CMA

m3/h
m3/h
m3/h
Dng
Ci
mm

520 827 1066 1274

457 744 945 1153
387 599 783 950
Qut ly tm lng sc
1
1
1
2
2
3
144 x 165,5L
Thp trng km
220V / 1Ph / 50Hz
1
1
1
1
1
2
W
32
38
49
63
94
100
3/4
42CLA
ng knh trong ca ng 26mm
42VLA/VMA
ng mm ng knh ngoi 20mm
ng ng, cnh nhm gn sng
Dy
2
3
3
3
3
3
S cnh /1 in
12
12
12
12
12
12
m2
0,100 0,100 0,100 0,150 0,192 0,226
inch
3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8 3/8
kG/cm2
10 kG/cm2
449
380
317

513
440
337

1534
1482
1223
3

2
135

3
12
0,262
3/8

kg

26

27

27

34

38

47

52

kg
kg

24
18

25
19

25
19

31
24

35
27

43
33

48
38

- Cng sut lnh

1848 1931 2355 3415 4844 5267 6262
+ Nhit hin
W
2303 3322 4000 5527 7641 8605 10062
+ Nhit ton phn
W
o
o
tnl=7 C,tkk=26 C, =55%
tnl - Nhit nc lnh vo FCU
tkk - Nhit khng kh vo
* Cc loi FCU: CLA: Loi du trn, VLA, VMA t nn,

c) Dn lnh AHU
AHU c vit tt t ch ting Anh Air Handling Unit. Tng t FCU, AHU thc cht l
dn trao i nhit x l nhit m khng kh.
AHU thng c lp ghp t nhiu module nh sau: Bung ho trn, B lc bi, dn trao
i nhit v hp qut. Trn bung ho trn c 02 ca c gn van iu chnh, mt ca ly gi
ti, mt ca ni vi ng hi gi.
B lc bu thng s dng b lc kiu ti vi.

KH NG KHRA

KH NG KHVAO

128

Hnh 6.20. AHU

Nc lnh chuyn ng bn trong cm ng trao i nhit, khng kh chuyn ng ngang

qua bn ngoi, lm lnh v c qut thi theo h thng knh gi ti cc phng. Qut AHU
thng l qut ly tm dn ng bng ai.
AHU c 2 dng: Loi t nm ngang v t thng ng. Tu thuc vo v tr lp t
m ta c th chn loi thch hp. Khi t nn, chn loi t ng, khi g lp ln trn, chn
loi nm ngang.
Trn hnh 6.19 l hnh dng bn ngoi ca AHU kiu t ng.

Hnh 6.21. Cu to bn trong ca AHU

Bng 6.14. c tnh k thut AHU hng Carrier, m hiu 39F

M hiu

Lk (L/s)
=2,5m/s)

- S dy ng (Dy)
- Mt cnh (Cnh/mt)
220
473
230
823
330
1410
340
1953
350
2600
360
3143
440
2765
450
3683
460
4453
470
5303
550
4768
560
5763
570
6860
580
7963
660
7073
670
8423
680
9770
770
9983
780
11580
7100
14783

Cng sut lnh, W

Din
tch, m2

0,19
0,33
0,56
0,78
1,04
1,26
1,11
1,47
1,78
2,12
1,91
2,31
2,74
3,19
2,83
3,37
3,91
3,99
4,63
5,91

4
315
6.588
13.800
23.512
29.128
42.456
53.770
41.239
60.162
76.328
94.283
77.959
98.631
122.095
145.838
120.637
149.926
179.197
177.754
212.591
282.693

4
551
8.702
18.044
24.249
38.293
56.053
70.905
59.601
79.330
100.699
124.722
102.920
130.487
160.943
192.676
160.047
198.105
236.538
234.804
280.447
352.127
129

6
315
9.758
19.098
27.874
42.027
59.539
74.234
59.698
84.162
105.073
128.446
109.247
136.284
166.119
196.291
167.213
204.033
243.867
241.933
285.719
357.698

6
551
12.073
23.625
34.566
52.284
73.948
92.076
72.876
104.524
130.179
158.681
155.039
168.642
205.411
230.232
206.937
252.212
282.643
298.962
334.734
425.868

8
8
315
551
12.047
14.341
22.824 26.890
34.916 41.566
51.464 61.193
71.556 84.259
88.313 104.071
54.233 86.518
101.300 119.421
125.123 147.283
151.733 164.689
135.642 131.300
162.101 190.769
196.241 213.124
213.416 252.739
198.918 234.276
220.928 261.995
262.301 310.108
278.773 325.614
310.451 367.877
409.784 470.547

d) Bm nc lnh v bm nc gii nhit

Bm nc lnh v nc gii nhit c la chn da vo cng sut v ct p
- Lu lng bm nc gii nhit:
Qk
Gk =
, kg/s
(6-1)
C pn .t gn
Qk - Cng sut nhit ca chiller, tra theo bng c tnh k thut ca chiller, kW
tgn - chnh nhit nc gii nhit u ra v u vo, t = 5oC
Cpn - Nhit dung ring ca nc, Cpn = 4,186 kJ/kg.oC
- Lu lng bm nc lnh:
Qo
G nl =
, kg/s
(6-2)
C pn .t nl
Qk - Cng sut lnh ca chiller, tra theo bng c tnh k thut ca chiller, kW;
tnl - chnh nhit nc lnh u ra v u vo, t = 5oC;
Cpn - Nhit dung ring ca nc, Cpn = 4,186 kJ/kg.K.
Ct p ca bm c chn tu thuc vo mng ng ng c th , trong ct p tnh ca
ng ng c vai tr quan trng.

e) Cc h thng thit b khc

- Bnh gin n v cp nc b sung: C cng dng b gin n khi nhit nc thay
i v b sung thm nc khi cn. Nc b sung phi c qua x l c kh cn thn.
- H thng ng ng nc lnh s dng ti nc lnh t bnh bay hi ti cc FCU v
AHU. ng ng nc lnh l ng thp c bc cch nhit. Vt liu cch nhit l mt,
styrofor hoc polyurethan.
- H thng ng ng gii nhit l thp trng km.
- H thng x l nc

f) c im h thng iu ho lm lnh bng nc.

u im:
- Cng sut dao ng ln: T 5Ton ln n hng ngn Ton
- H thng ng nc lnh gn nh, cho php lp t trong cc ta nh cao tng, cng
s ni khng gian lp t ng nh.
- H thng hot ng n nh , bn v tui th cao.
- H thng c nhiu cp gim ti, cho php iu chnh cng sut theo ph ti bn ngoi v
do tit kim in nng khi non ti: Mt my thng c t 3 n 5 cp gim ti. i vi h
thng ln ngi ta s dng nhiu cm my nn tng s cp gim ti ln hn nhiu.
- Thch hp vi cc cng trnh ln hoc rt ln.
Nhc im:
- Phi c phng my ring.
- Phi c ngi chuyn trch phc v.
- Vn hnh, sa cha v bo dng tng i phc tp.
- Tiu th in nng cho mt n v cng sut lnh cao, c bit khi ti non.

6.4. H THNG KIU TRUNG TM.

H thng iu ha trung tm l h thng m x l nhit m c tin hnh mt
trung tm v c dn theo cc knh gi n cc h tiu th
130

Trn thc t my iu ha dng t l my iu ha kiu trung tm. trong h thng ny

khng kh s c x l nhit m trong mt my lnh ln, sau c dn theo h thng
knh dn n cc h tiu th.
C 2 loi:
- Gii nhit bng nc: Ton b h thng lnh c lp t kn trong mt t, ni ra ngoi
ch l cc ng ng nc gii nhit.
- Gii nhit bng khng kh: gm 2 mnh IU v OU ri nhau
S nguyn l
Trn hnh 6-22 l s nguyn l h thng my iu ho dng t, gii nhit bng nc.
Theo s , h thng gm c cc thit b sau:
- Cm my lnh:
Ton b cm my c lp t trong mt t kn ging nh t o qun.
+ My nn kiu kn.
+ Dn lnh cng kiu ng ng cnh nhm c qut ly tm.
+ Thit b ngng t kiu ng lng ng nn rt gn nh.
- H thng knh y gi, knh ht, ming thi v ming ht gi: knh gi bng tole trng
km c bc cch nhit bng thy tinh. Ming thi cn m bo phn phi khng kh trong
gian my ng u.
C trng hp ngi ta lp t cm my lnh ngay trong phng lm vic v thi gi trc
tip vo phng khng cn phi qua knh gi v cc ming thi. Thng c t mt gc
phng no
- Ty theo h thng gii nhit bng gi hay bng nc m IU c ni vi thp gii nhit
hay dn nng. Vic gii nhit bng nc thng hiu qu v n nh cao hn.
i
vi
my gii nhit bng nc cm my c y dn nng, dn lnh v my nn, ni ra bn
ngoi ch l ng ng nc gii nhit.
u im
- Lp t v vn hnh tng i d dng
- Kh m v kh bi tt , nn i vi khu vc i hi n thp thng s dng kiu
my dng t.
- Nh c lu lng gi ln nn rt ph hp vi cc khu vc tp trung ng ngi
nh: Rp chiu bng, rp ht , hi trng, phng hp, nh hng, v trng, phng n.
- Gi thnh ni chung khng cao.
Nhc im
- H thng knh gi qu ln nn ch c th s dng trong cc ta nh c khng gian
lp t ln.
- i vi h thng iu ha trung tm do x l nhit m ti mt ni duy nht nn ch
thch hp cho cc phng ln, ng ngi. i vi cc ta nh lm vic, khch sn, cng s..
l cc i tng c nhiu phng nh vi cc ch hot ng khc nhau, khng gian lp t
b, tnh ng thi lm vic khng cao th h thng ny khng thch hp.
- H thng iu ho trung tm i hi thng xuyn hot ng 100% ti. Trong
trng hp nhiu phng s xy ra trng hp mt s phng ng ca lm vic vn c lm
lnh.

131

VC

VC

VC

VC

VC

VC

MT

MT

MT

MT

MT

MT

MH

MH

MH

MH

MH

MH

Hnh 6.22. S nguyn l h thng iu ho dng t

1- Hp tiu m ng y
5- Thp gii nhit
2- Hp tiu m ng ht
MT - Ming thi gi
3- Cm my iu ho
MH - Ming ht gi
4- Bm nc gii nhit
VC - Van iu chnh
cp gi

Hnh 6.23. Cm my lnh dng t

132

c tnh
Cng sut lnh
Dng in m t
Dng in m t qut
Ti trng ng
Mi cht
Lng mi cht np
Ngun in
My nn
+ Dng
+ S my nn
+ S mc gim ti
+ % cng sut
Bnh ngng
S lng
Qut dn lnh
Dn ng
ng knh puli
Lu lng gi max
Lu lng gi min
M t qut
Tc qut

n v
kW
Btu/h
A
A
kg
K hiu
Mch 1
mch 2
V/Ph/Hz

080
23,2
79.160
12,2
6,7
240

100
29,7
101.340
16,5
7,3
290

160
45,8
156.270
2 x 12,2
4,75
552

4,7
-

5,0
-

4,7
4,7

1
1
0/100

My nn pittng, kn
1
2
1
2
0 / 100
0/50/100

Dng
1

Dng
mm
L/s
L/s
Dng
Vng/ph
t

Trc tip
1288
1675
650
940
M t 3 tc
-

125
2750
1600
870

M hiu my
200
260
340
58,8
75,3
96,6
200.625 256.925 336.420
2 x 18,5
32
42
7,7
7,7
10,9
634
720
790
R22
5,0
10,0
15,0
5,0
380/1/50

450
130,1
443.900
67
14,4
950

680
199,7
681.000
2 x 42
20,7
2050

900
264,3
902.000
2 x 67
28,1
2550

17,0
-

15,0
15,0

17,0
17,0

My nn pittng, na kn
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
0/50/100 0/66/100 0/66/100 0/66/100 0/50/100
BNH NGNG NG CHM
2
1
1
1
2
Ly tm
Bng ai
132
160
200
200
300
3600
4150
5000
5750
10000
2200
3000
3500
4500
5000
M t 1 tc
1000
860
860
1100
870

Bng 6.15. c tnh my iu ho dng t 50BP Carieer

133

2
2
0/50/100
2
280
11000
8000
830

134