CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp T do Hnh phc

THI TUYN SINH CAO HC NM 2009

TRNG I HC S PHM H NI
Mn thi: C s l thuyt Ho hc
(thi gian 180 pht khng k thi gian giao )
Cu I:
1. Hy pht biu ni dung nguyn l phn i xng v p dng nguyn l
tm hm song m t trng thi c bn ca Li+ (c trnh by chi tit).
2. Cho nguyn t ho hc c Z = 26, hy trnh by:
a) Chi tit v kt qu cu hnh electron ca nguyn t (c dung lng
t).
b) Tnh cht ho hc in hnh dng n cht ca nguyn t.
c) Vi ht c s oxi ho no (ion no) bn nht ca nguyn t ?
d) Tm s hng c bn ca nguyn t v ion va xt im c)
3 a) p dng h thc En = 13, 6

Z2
(theo eV), hy tnh cc tr nng lng E1,
n2

E2, E3 theo kJ.mol -1 cho N +6.

b) C qui lut no lin h cc tr s En vi n (n l s lng t chnh)? Qui
lut phn nh quan h no v cu to nguyn t?
Cu II.
1. Thc nghim cho bit: CO 2- c hnh tam gic u, 3 nh l 3 O; cc
lien kt C O cng di; in tch h c gii tro u trn cc O.
Hy vit cng thc cu to Lewis v p dng m hnh VSEPR gii
thch kt qu thc nghim .
2. p dng ng thi thuyt lin kt ho tr (thuyt VB) v thuyt obitan
phn t (thuyt MO) hy gii thch s hnh thnh lin kt Ho hc (c
v y ) trong: a) N2; b) CH4 (hnh t din u, tm l C, 4 nh l
4H).
3. p dng m hnh ht chuyn ng t do trong hp th hnh ch nht
mt chiu. hy tnh:
a) Nng lng cc electron pi (e- )ca phn t hexatrien, C6H10, mch
h theo kJ/mol;
b) di sng (theo nano met, nm) ca vach ph hp th tng ng
s chuyn di mt electron t HOMO ln LUMO trong phn t ny.
Bit: me = 9,11.10 31 kg; c = 3.108 m.s -1; h = 6,626.10 34J.s; d = 0,
140nm.

Cu III
S phn hu metan CH4 (kh) C(rn, graphit) + 2H2 (kh) c cc s liu sau y
0
ti 250C: Nhit ca phn ng, H pu = 74,85kJ / mol : Bin thin entropi ca
0
phn ng, S pu = 80, 67 J / K .mol .
1. Hy tnh hng s cn bng Kp 298K.
0
2. Tnh hng s cn bng 500C vi gi thit nhit ca phn ng, H pu
khng ph thuc nhit . Hy nhn xt v chiu ca phn ng ti
nhit ny.
3. Tnh phn ly ca CH4 2 p sut 0,01 bar v 1 bar ( cng
250C).
4. Hy gii thch s thay i ca phn ly theo p sut v theo c nhit
. S thay i nyc ph hp vi nguynl chuyn dch cn bng Le
Chatelier khng?
Cu IV
Phn ng izome ho xyclopropan thnh propen c thc hin 5000C.
Trong mt th nghim, s chuyn ho ca xyclopropan c kho st cc
p sut ban u khc nhau v kt qu c ghi trong bng sau:
P0 (Torr)
200
200
400
400 600
600
Thi gian (giy 100
200
100
200 100
200
P(Torr)
186
173
373
347 559
P0 l p sut ban u v P l p sut ti thi im t ca xyclopropan
)
1. Hy xc nh bc v hng s tc phn ng.
2. Xc nh thid gian na phn ng (t1/2)

520

Cu V
Cho 2 in cc Ni2+ (0,1M)/Ni v Ag+(0,1M)/Ag cng cc th kh tiu
chun ln lt l -0,25V v 0,799V.
1. Hy thit lp s pin hnh thnh t hai in cc cho. Vit cc
phn ng xy ra trn cng trn tng in cc v phn ng tng qut
xy ra trong pin.
2. Tnh sc in ng E 250C ca pin theo iu kin cho. Khi h t
ti trng thi cn bng, sc in ng ca E bng bao nhiu?
3. Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng tng qut.
---------------------------------------------------------------------Ghi ch: Ngi coi thi khng gii thch g thm.