VIN KHOA HC V CNG NGH VIT NAM

VIN SINH THI V TI NGUYN SINH VT

NG DNG PHN MM ARCGIS 9.2

TRONG BO TN A DNG SINH HC

TS. H Qy Qunh

H Ni - 2010

MC LC
Bi I. Gii thiu v phn mm ARCGIS................................................................................................ 4
Ni dung ................................................................................................................................................ 4
Thc hnh .............................................................................................................................................. 7
Bc 1.1. M bn c. .............................................................................................................. 7
Bc 1.2. Phn tch bn , thay i t l dch chuyn ca s.......................................................... 7
Bc 1.3. Tt, bt cc lp (layer), cng c zoom to layer ................................................................ 8
Bc 1.4. Xem thng tin v cc i tng......................................................................................... 8
Bc 1.5. Chn i tng (Select a feature) ..................................................................................... 8
Bc 1.6. M bng thuc tnh attribute table ................................................................................. 10
Bc 1.7. Thm trng v thay i gi tr ca bng thuc tnh ..................................................... 11
Bc 1.8. Xem gi tr trng name va to .................................................................................... 13
Bi 2: Qun l d liu bng ArcCatalog.............................................................................................. 15
Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 15
Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 19
Bc 2.1. Kt ni vi th mc ......................................................................................................... 19
Bc 2.2. Lm vic vi Content view .............................................................................................. 20
Bc 2.3. Lm vic vi preview ...................................................................................................... 20
Bc 2.4. Lm vic vi cc lp (layer) ........................................................................................... 22
Bc 2.5. Lm vic vi layer trong ArcCatalog v ArcMap........................................................... 23
Bc 2.6. Lm vic vi d liu........................................................................................................ 24
Bi 3: Gii thiu v ArcMap ................................................................................................................. 26
Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 26
Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 27
Bc 3.1. t h ta cho shape file............................................................................................ 27
Bc 3.2. Chy ArcMap v to bn mi .................................................................................... 29
Bc 3.3. t tham s cho Dataframe ............................................................................................ 29
Bc 3.4. Thm d liu vo shape file v coverage file .................................................................. 30
Bc 3.5. To Dataframe mi ......................................................................................................... 31
Bc 3.7. Chuyn i h ta ...................................................................................................... 31
Bi 4. To d liu ................................................................................................................................... 34
Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 34
Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 34
Bc 4.1. To file shape kiu point ................................................................................................. 34
Bc 4.2. Chit sut thng tin ta v nhp thuc tnh cho cc im ......................................... 38
Bc 4.3. Cp nht h ha kinh v cho cc im phn b trong dist_sp1 ............................ 42
Bc 4.4. To file shape kiu line ................................................................................................... 43
Bc 4.5. To file shape kiu polygon ............................................................................................ 45
Bc 4.6. Cc chc nng ct, hp trong Arcgis ............................................................................. 47
Bi 5. Cc phng php hin th d liu ............................................................................................. 50
Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 50

Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 51

Bc 5.1. To bn v thm d liu............................................................................................ 51
Bc 5.2. t ch hin th (Symbology) cho layer Cities ...................................................... 51
Bc 5.3. t ch hin th cho lp Tentinh_text, Nat_boder_vn, Nat_boder_indo... ................ 53
Bc 5.4. Thm mu nn cho Data Frame Single Symbol.......................................................... 56
Bc 5.5. To nhn (label) cho cc lp tn tnh v Countries............................................... 56
Bi 6. Trnh by bn (layout a map) ............................................................................................... 58
Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 58
Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 59
Bc 6.1. M bn hanhchinh (hoc cc VQG) v ghi li vi tn khc...................................... 59
Bc 6.2. t kch thc ca khung bn ................................................................................... 59
Bc 6.3. t t l bn ............................................................................................................... 59
Bc 6.4. To khung v li km cho Data Frame layer............................................................. 59
Bc 6.5. To thc t l v dng t l cho Data Frame layer .................................................. 63
Bc 6.6. To mi tn phng Bc ................................................................................................. 64
Bc 6.7. To bng ch gii (legend) cho Data Frame Single Symbol...................................... 65
Bc 6.8. t font ch ting Vit Unicode cho legend ................................................................... 68
Bc 6.9. To dng tt bn v mt s ch ch gii .................................................................... 71
Bc 6.10. In bn ....................................................................................................................... 71
Bc 6.11. Ghi bn ..................................................................................................................... 71
Bc 6.12. Xut khu bn .......................................................................................................... 71
Bi 7: chuyn i gia cc nh dng d liu..................................................................................... 73
Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 73
Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 73
Bc 7.1. Chuyn lp ng t nh dng Microstation (*.DGN)................................................. 73
Bc 7.2. Chuyn ranh gii VQG, thm thc vt t file TAB ca Maplnfo.................................... 75
Bc 7.3: Chuyn cc im phn b ra hp t bng ta kinh v lu trong Excel .............. 77
Bc 7.4. t h to cho cc shapefile va nhp vo ............................................................... 79
Bc 7.5. Hin th d liu ............................................................................................................... 80
Bi 8. Lnh truy vn hi p ............................................................................................................. 83
Ni dung: ............................................................................................................................................. 83
Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 83
Bc 8.1. Select theo loi rng ....................................................................................................... 83
Bc 8.2. Select theo nhiu iu kin.............................................................................................. 84

Bi 1. Gii thiu v phn mm ARCGIS

Ni dung
Giao din ngi dng (Arc catalogue; ArcMap; ArcToolbox)
File bn
Lp bn (Data layer) v cc i tng (Feature)
C s bn
Thuc tnh (Attribute table)
Trang bn
Phn mm ArcView gm 3 ng dng chnh:

Hnh: 1.1
ArcCatalogue Qun l, theo di cc s liu (H.1.1)
ArcToolbox Hp cng c x l, xut, nhp d liu (H.1.2)
ArcMap Xy dng, hin th, x l v phn tch bn (H.1.3)

Hnh: 1.2
ArcMap l phn mm to ra cc bn , mi bn trong ArcMap gi l Arcmap
Document. Mt bn c th c 1 hay nhiu Data frame. Data frame gm 1 hay nhiu lp
thng tin cng hin th trong 1 h quy chiu. Bn c ghi trong file c phn m rng l
mxd.

Hnh: 1.3
Trong hnh v trn l 1 bn c tn l vn_tinh.mxd c 1 data frame l layer. Thng tin
hin th trong pha bn tri mn hnh gi l TOC table of contents. Ni dung bn hin th
trong bn phi mn hnh dng Data View hoc Layout View (H.1.4).
C th bt hoc tt cc ni dung bn bng cch nh du (check box) vo cc vung
pha tri tn layer.

Hnh: 1.4
Thay i v tr v kch thc ca bn bng cch s dng cng c phng to, thu nh,
dch chuyn. T l ca bn hin th trong t l bn .
2 loi thng tin chnh ca bn l Feature c lu trong c s d liu v Graphic
element (i tng m t a l) khng c lu trong c s d liu. i km vi bn gm:
Khung bn , thc t l; hng bn , ch gii... chn i tng s dng con tr select
feature; chn i tng m t a l chn select graphic element trn thanh cng c.
Thng tin thuc tnh ca cc i tng c lu tr trong cc bng thuc tnh gi l
attribute table (H.1.5). Mi lp thng tin (1 file shape) ch c 1 bng thuc tnh. Mt bng c
qun l bi cc dng (cc record) v cc ct (hay trng Collum hay Field). Mi i tng
(feature) ch c 1 record trong bng thuc tnh. xem attribute table ca 1 lp bm chut phi
vo lp ri chn Open Attribute table.

Hnh: 1.5
ArcMap c 2 ch hin th: Data View v Layout View hin th bn . Trong Data
View ch c th lm vic vi 1 Data frame, trong layout ngi s dng c th lm vic vi

nhiu Data frame trong cng 1 thi im. Cc i tng ch c th chnh sa trong ch Data
View. thay i ch hin th vo thc n View hoc nhn vo nt nh gc tri.
Thc hnh
Bc 1.1. M bn c.
Khi ng ArcMap t nut Start -> Programs -> ArcGIS ArcMap
Chn trnh n File -> Open
Chn th mc \thuchanh\bai1\vn_tinh.mxd
Nhn OK
Bc 1.2. Phn tch bn , thay i t l dch chuyn ca s
Cc cng c phn tch bn (H.1.6)
Phng to (Zoom in), thu nh (Zoom out)
Phng to thu nh theo tm mn hnh (Centered zoom)
Phng to ht c (Full extent) v dch chuyn Pan
S dng cng c phng to Zoom in theo 2 cch
Bm chut vo ch bt k. Bn s phng to thm 25%.
Bm chut vo im bt k, gi v di chuyn chut to thnh hnh ch nht. Ni dung
bn trong hnh ch nht s c phng to ht c mn hnh.

Hnh: 1.6
a cht vo thanh cng c Tools nghin cu dng tr gip hiu r cc cng c.
Bm vo cng c Zoom in kim tra 2 ch lm vic ca cng c. S dng cng c
hin th ton b ni dung bn .
7

Bm vo cng c Pan ri dch chuyn ni dung bn nhn thy Lo, Cam Phu Chia
hoc Thi Lan.
Bc 1.3. Tt, bt cc lp (layer), cng c zoom to layer
Trong TOC tm lp Citis, bt tt lp ny bng cch bm bo vung nh bn cnh.
Bm chut phi vo lp province_region hin th context menu
Chn zoom to layer ri theo di thay i trn mn hnh.
Bc 1.4. Xem thng tin v cc i tng
Mi lp s liu u c bng thuc tnh i km m t cc i tng. xem thng tin
thuc tnh ca i tng c th m bng Attribute table
Bm chut vo chm trn ca th trn cn xem thng tin
Ca s Identify s hin ra, hin th cc thng tin v i tng thuc lp trn cng
Bm vo mi tn bn tri ch Top-most-layer
Trong danh sch hin ra chn Visiable layer
Bm vo im cn xem thng tin trn bn , ca s Identify result s hin th nhiu
layer hn.
Bc 1.5. Chn i tng (Select a feature)
Trc khi lm vic vi 1 i tng hay 1 nhm i tng cn phi chn chng. chn
i tng s dng cng c select feature. Lu , ch c cc i tng trong select table mi c
th c chn.
Vo trnh n Selection ->Set Selectable layer
Ca s Set Selectable layer hin ra
Bm nt Clear all- Tt c cc layer s trng thi khng chn (khng selectable) (H.1.7)

Hnh: 1.7
Bm vo vung bn cnh Cities v Nat_border_polyline ri ng ca s li.
Bm vo cng c Select Feature
Trn bn nhn chut vo im th x Ninh Bnh. i tng th trn c nh du
bng chm ln mu xanh.

Hnh: 1.8
Nhn chut vo ng bt k mu en, ng s c chn (chuyn sang mu xanh)
thay cho th x Ninh Bnh (H.1.8)

Hnh: 1.9
Hy bm vo i tng no khng thuc lp ng v thnh ph, kim tra xem hin
tng g xy ra.
Ty theo ch chn t trong th mc thc n, Selection Interactive Selection
Method, khi bm vo mt i tng no th n c th 1). Thm vo danh sch i tng
chn; 2) loi khi danh sch ; 3) tr thnh i tng c chn duy nht.
Trong Trnh n Selection Interactive selection method chn add to to curent
seclection.
Trn bn nhn chut vo nhiu ng v Cities, quan st cc i tng c chn.
Trong trnh n Selection chn clear selected feature
Cc i tng tr v trng thi khng chn
Thay i 3 ch cn li.
Bc 1.6. M bng thuc tnh attribute table
Mi lp c 1 bng thuc tnh lin kt m t cc i tng trong lp. M bng thuc
tnh ca lp Cities (H.1.10)
Bt lp Cities bng cch nh du vung nh cnh n trong TOC
Bm cht phi vo lp Cities
Trong trnh n hin ra chn Open Attributabe table

10

Bng thuc tnh s c m

Hnh: 1.10
Bc 1.7. Thm trng v thay i gi tr ca bng thuc tnh
Cu trc v ni dung ca bng thuc tnh c th c thay i khi kch hot chc nng
bin tp ca ArcMap. Ngoi ra cc thng tin v thuc tnh c th c thay i.
Trong ca s Attribute of Cities nhn nt Option ri chn add field (H.1.11)
Trong hp hi thoi hin ra Name nhp tn. Trong danh sch Type chn text (trng
dng ch), trong leght nhp 50 l s k t ti a ca trng. Nhn OK

Hnh: 1.11

11

Hnh: 1.12
Ko bng thuc tnh sang 1 bn nhn cho r bn , s dng cng c zoom hin th
trn bn mt thnh ph (k hiu bng chm trn )
Vo trnh n Selection Set selectable layer ri cho php cc i tng trong lp Cities
c th c chn.
Nhn vo 1 thnh ph chn n (Chm chuyn thnh mu xanh). Dng tng ng
trong bng thuc tnh cng c chn (hin th mu xanh).

Hnh: 1.13
Nhn vo nt Selected trong bng thuc tnh hin th cc i tng c chn. Trong
bng thuc tnh lc ny cn li 1 dng.

12

Bm chut phi vo trng name va to.

Trong trnh n chn Calculate Value
Trn mn hnh s hin ra hp hi thoi cnh bo rng lnh Undo s khng th thc hin
c, nhn yes tip tc.
Trong hp hi thoi Field calculator hin ra g Thanh pho + [Ten].
Nhn nt OK

Hnh: 1.14
Bc 1.8. Xem gi tr trng name va to
Nhn nt All trong ca s bng thuc tnh hin th tt c cc dng ca bng. Quan st
gi tr trong trng name thy ArcMap ch thc hin cho cc i tng la chn.
Chn 2-3 thnh ph cng lc ri lp li cc lnh trn
Xa trng trong bng thuc tnh
Do mn hnh khng th hin th c ht tt c cc i tng, nn mt s i tng
c chn nhng b khut. hin th tt c cc i tng chn Zoom to selected:
ng bng thuc tnh
Bm chut phi vo lp City trong bng TOC
Trong trnh n hin ra chn Selection sau Zoom to selected.
Sp xp cc dng, to Alias
Alias l tn gi khc ca cc trng, c dng d nhn ra ni dung ca trng. V d
TEN c th t Alias l Thanh pho d hiu hn. Tn trng khng c du cch, Alias c
th c du cch.
sp xp cc dng theo th t tng dn hay gim dn, ca cc gi tr trong trng, thc
hin theo cc bc:

13

Bm chut phi vo tn trng TINH (sp xp tn cc tnh theo th t ABC)

Trong trnh n Context menu Chn Ascending chn a-z; Descending xp z-a).
Quan st thay i
ng bng thuc tnh.

Hnh: 1.15
Bi tp 1
1. Thm trng ten_loai vo lp Cities
2. Chn Th x Vnh Phc, nhp gi tr ca coc tam dao vo trng ten_loai.
3. Chn cc tnh t Thanh ha den Qung Nam, nhp gi tr rua nui vang vo trng
ten_loai.
4. Chn cc tnh vng ng bng sng Hng v Sng Cu long nhp gi tr ba ba tron
vo trng ten_loai.

14

Bi 2: Qun l d liu bng ArcCatalog

Ni dung
Kt ni vi th mc
Xem xt d liu, xc nh loi d liu
Ch Contents view
Ch xem s b d liu (data preview)
Ch Metadata view
Lm vic vi d liu
ArcCatalog cung cp phng tin xem, qun l cc d liu a l v cc bng d liu
thuc tnh.
C 3 ch khc nhau xem d liu: Contents, Preview v metadata view. (H.2.1)

Hnh: 2.1
Trong ch Contents view tt c cc d liu m ArcView c th nhn dng c s
c hin th di dng cy th mc (Catalogue tree) hay cy biu tng (icons) ging nh
chng trnh Windows explorer (H.2.1)

15

C th xem s b (preview) cc d liu a l di dng bn (geographic view) hay

di dng bng Table view. Mt c s d liu gm cc i tng c xc nh bi v tr a
l v cc thng tin thuc tnh i km (H.2.2)

Hnh: 2.2
Ch Metadata view c th xem cc d liu dng metadata, gm cc thng tin m t
khc nhau v d liu, nh h quy chiu, thi gian v phng php thu thp (H.2.3)

16

Hnh: 2.3
Cc dng d liu m Arcview c th nhn c gm cc Feature data sets; shape file;
ArcInfo covergare file, Personal Geodatabase v CAD file (*.dwg, *.dxf v *.dgn) v cc file
nh nh *.tif, *.gif
Ty thuc vo loi d liu, ArcCatalog th hin theo cc biu tng khc nhau. Mt s
loi d liu nh shape file l tp hp nhiu file khc nhau nhng ch c hin th bng 1 biu
tng.
Hnh v biu th ch Preview, cc d liu c th hin di dng bng (H.2.4)

17

Hnh: 2.4
Chuyn t dng table sang dng Geography thy c bn (H.2.5)

Hnh: 2.5
Nhn vo trang Metadata chuyn ang ch Metadata view (H.2.6)

18

Hnh: 2.6
D liu metadata c lu tr trong file c tn cng tn vi file d liu chnh nhng c
phn m rng l XML.
Thc hnh
Bc 2.1. Kt ni vi th mc
Mc ch ca vic kt ni vi th mc l truy nhp nhanh vo th mc , khi lm vic
vi ArcView tng t nh vic to short cut trong windows.

Hnh: 2.7
Nhn nt Connect to folder (H.2.7)
Trong hp hi thoi tm v chn th mc c:\Arcgis\ nhn OK
Th mc ny s c to short cut trong cy th mc (Catalog tree) bn tri mn hnh.
C th ngt b cc kt ni to.

19

Hnh: 2.8
Nhn vo th mc cn ngt.
Nhn Disconnect from Folder ngt kt ni (H.2.8)
Bc 2.2. Lm vic vi Content view
Ch content view hin th cc ti liu c trong th mc. Ti liu c th l 1 hay nhiu
file. Contents view hin th cc ti liu ny di 1 trong 4 dng tng t nh trong window
exploere. Large icons biu tng to. List, danh sch, detail, chi tit hay thumbnails (hnh v
nh hin th s b ni dung ti liu. C th chuyn gia cc dng ny bng cc nt trn thanh
cng c content (H.2.9)
Chn th mc c:\arcgis\thuchanh\

Hnh: 2.9
Nhn vo tng nt trong s 4 nt trn ri quan st.
Ch thumnails ch hin ra i vi nhng ti liu c to sn thumnail trc .
Cc ti liu khng c thumnail c hin th di dng icon hoc tn.
Bc 2.3. Lm vic vi preview
Preview hin th ni dung ca ti liu chon trong th mc. C 2 cch hin th l
Geography (ch p dng vi d liu khng gian) v table (nu ci 3D analyst extention s c
ch 3D view) chuyn i gi cc dng s dng listbox pha di mn hnh
ArcCatalog.

20

Hnh: 2.10
Nhn vo trang Preview, quan st d liu trong th mc c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai1
Khi xem d liu di dng geograpgy c th s dng cc cng c ph to, thu nh, dch
chuyn hin th v to thumnail (H.2.10)
S dng cng c Zoom v Pan

Hnh: 2.11
Trong Cataloge tree chn shape file province_region.shp
M trang Preview v chn ch hin th Geography
S dng Zoom in phng to mt phn no ca province_region.shp
Nhn nt Create Thumnail to Thumnail cho file ny.

21

Trong Catalog tree chn th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh ri bm vo trang contents, sau

chn ch Thumnail view xem hnh Thumnail va to.

Hnh: 2.12
Bc 2.4. Lm vic vi cc lp (layer)
Layer l mt t hp cc c tnh hin th d liu. Mt layer file cha cc ni dung sau:
-

ng dn ti d liu

c im hin th d liu gm: mu, nt chi, k hiu, font ch

Dng layer hin th bn thng qua cc tham s hin th d liu. Cc file layer
thng c ui l *.lyr.

Trong phn ny thc hnh xy dng layer cho feature class ca cc nc ng Dng

Mi nc s c hin th 1 mu ring bit.

Trong ArcCatalog:
Chn th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai1\
Nhn vo trang preview
Nhn chut phi vo file coutry.shp chn create layer
Trong hp hi thoi hin ra g cc cac_nuoc_dd ri nhn save
Bc tip theo t cc tham s hin th cho layer cac_nuoc_dd

22

Nhn chut phi vo layer cac_nuoc_dd ri chn properties. Mn hnh s hin th hp

hi thoi Layer properties (H.2.13)
Nhn Symbology
Nhn vo Catergories trong danh sch nhn tip tc vo Unique value
value field t gi tr ten_nuoc.
Nhn nt Add all Value a tt c cc nc vo trong danh sch
Nhn nt Ok ng hp hi thoi Properties

Hnh: 2.13
Nhn vo file bt k ri bm li vo file cac_nuoc_dd, lc ny mi nc trn bn s
c 1 mu.
Bc 2.5. Lm vic vi layer trong ArcCatalog v ArcMap
C th s dng cc thao tc ko th chuyn cc layer hay feature class t ArcCatalog
sang ArcMap
Trong bc ny cn khi ng ArcMap t ArcCatalog ri to layer bng cch ko cc
feature class t ArcCatalog.
Trong ArcCatalog nhn nt launch ArcMap trn thanh cng c, nhn Ok to 1
Workspace mi.

23

Dch chuyn ca s ArcCatalog v ArcMap sao cho chng so le nhau c th ng thi

lm vic.
Trong ArcCatalog nhn ri ko layer C:\Arcgis\thuchanh\bai1\cac_nuoc_dd sang TOC
ca ArcMap
Khi ko 1 layer t ArcCatalog sang ArcMap s c c 2 layer ging nhau ch khng
phi 1 layer chung. Nu thay i tham s hin th ArcCatalog s khng nh hng n layer
copy sang ArcMap.
Trong ArcMap nhn chut phi vo layer cac_nuoc_dd
Chn Properties trong th mc hin ra vo trang Source
D liu cho cc layer vn l shape file Country. Tip theo hin th cc nc dna bng 1
mu
Nhn trang Symbology
Nhn vo Feature, ArcMap s t ng chn Single symbol
Nhn nt OK, tt c cc feature ca lp Countries s c hin th cng 1 mu
Quay tr v ArcCatalog, vo th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai1
Nhn chut phi, vo trnh n Refresh
Chn cac_nuoc_dd trong trang Contents ri nhn vo trang Preview.
Bc 2.6. Lm vic vi d liu
Trong ArcCataloge cho php to mi, di chuyn, xa cc th mc v file d liu ging
nh trong windows Explorer bng cc lnh New, Copy, Paste, Delete
Trong ArcCataloge, bm vo trang Contents
Bm chut phi ri chn New ->folder
i tn th mc t New folder thnh bai2
Trong cy th mc bm chut phi vo cac_nuoc_dd layer ri chn Copy
Nhn vo th mc /bai2 m sau bm chut phi chn Past cac nuoc dna s c
chp vo th mc mi. (bc 1.7)
Bi tp 2
S dng ArcView
1. Thm trng ten_loai vo lp province_region

24

2. Chn tnh Vnh Phc, nhp gi tr ca coc tam dao vo trng ten_loai.
3. Chn cc tnh t Thanh ha den Qung Nam, nhp gi tr rua nui vang vo trng
ten_loai.
4. Chn cc tnh vng ng bng sng Hng v Sng Cu long nhp gi tr ba ba tron
vo trng ten_loai.
S dng ArcCataloge
1. To layer t file province region va cp nht
2. To biu tng cho tng loi ra phn b Vit Nam.
3. Nh layer tn c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai2\phanborua
4. Ko layer phanborua sang ArcView
5. Nh layer vo a ch c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai2\phanborua.mdx

25

Bi 3: Gii thiu v ArcMap

Ni dung
To mt bn
Thuc tnh ca cc i tng
Tnh cht ca Dataframe v bn
Chuyn i nhanh h quy chiu
Ghi bn
ArcView tch hp thng tin a l v thng tin thuc tnh trong cc lp d liu v hin th
ln bn
D liu trong ArcMap c th xem ch DataView v Layout view. Cc lp d liu v
tham s c nhm thnh cc Data frame v c ghi li trong file bn .
thm lp vo bn s dng nt Add data hay s dng ko-th t ArcCatalog
Cc lp trong ArcMap c th c loi b bng cch bm chut phi vo tn lp TOC
v chn Remove.
Nu trong bn c nhiu layer th cc layer s c hin th theo th t t trn xung
di theo danh sch trong TOC. thay i th t ca layer nhn chut vo layer ri ko ln
hoc xung v tr tng ng.
ArcMap c chc nng project on-the-fly cho php thay i tm thi h ta ca cc
layer (V d h ta ca bn hin thi l UTM v nu thm vo 1 lp bn mi c h ta
l Geogra[hic, ArcMap s t ng chuyn tm thi h ta v UTM chng xp ng v
tr i vi cc lp khc. H ta gc khng thay i.
Mi bn c 1 hay nhiu Dataframe. Mi Dataframe c 1 hay nhiu h quy chiu ring.
Cc data frame c hin th ring bit trong ch data View v c th hin th chung trong
ch Layout View
Cc Layer c th c to ra t nhiu ngun d liu khc nhau: shape file, SDE
databases, table, photo hay images.
Cc d liu a l c 2 dng chnh l Vector (shape, cover, CAD, Geodatabase) v Raster
(nh s, nh quyt v cc file nh)

26

Shape v Geodata l 2 dng d liu vector chnh ca ArcView, d liu trong 1 shape file
thuc 1 trong 3 dng chnh sau: im (point), ng (lines) v vng (polygons). Khi to shape
file trong ArcMap cn ch r kiu d liu.
Thc hnh
Bc 3.1. t h ta cho shape file.
ng ArcMap
Chy ArcCatalog
Trong ArcCatalog chn th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3 (H.3.1)

Hnh: 3.1
Nhn vo trang Contents nhn chut phi vo file quoc_gia.shp chn Properties
Chn Field
Trong ca s ca hp hi thoi s hin ra bng cc tham s shape file properties
Tham s XY coordinate system ca trng shape trng thi Unknown (H.3.2)

27

Hnh: 3.2
Nhn nt Select
Trong ca s Browse for Projected Coordinate System chn UTM - chn WGS84 chn
mi s 48 Bc bn cu. (H.3.3)

Hnh: 3.3

28

Lp li cho tt c cc file trong th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\

Nhn nt Add ng ca s
Nhn nt OK trong ca s Spatial Reference Properties
Nhn nt OK trong ca s Shapefile Properties
Nh vy cc file shape c t h quy chiu
Bc 3.2. Chy ArcMap v to bn mi
Khi ng ArcMap t nt Start hoc nhn vo biu tng ArcMap trn mn hnh
Trong hp hi thoi hin ra nhn Ok to 1 bn mi (H.3.4)

Hnh: 3.4
Bc 3.3. t tham s cho Dataframe
Trong th mc TOC ca bn va to c 1 Dataframe c tn mc nh l layer.
Dataframe cha c s liu
Nhn chut phi vo layer, chn Properties trong trnh n hin ra
Trong hp hi thoi nhn vo trang Coordinate System
Trong Select Coordinate System chn h quy chiu: Predefined Projected Coordinate
System UTM WGS1984 WGS1984 UTM Zone48N (H.3.5)

Hnh: 3.5

29

Nhn nt OK
Bn s c hin th trong h ta WGS84 UTM. Nu thm vo Dataframe cc lp
d liu h quy chiu khc th ArcMap s t ng chuyn tm v h quy chiu WGS-84 UTM
hin th.
i tn cho Dataframe layer v chn n v hin th h ta thc hin theo cc bc:
Nhn chut phi vo Layer, trong trnh n hin ra chn Properties

Hnh: 3.6
Nhn vo General
Trong Name nhp WGS84 UTM i tn ca Dataframe
Trong display chn Degree Minute Second hin th ta di dng - pht
giy.
Trn mn hnh Dataframe layer c i tn thnh WGS 84 UTM. Ta ca con tr
c hin th pha di bn phi mn hnh.
Bc 3.4. Thm d liu vo shape file v coverage file
Nhn nt Add data t thanh cng c ca ArcMap (H.3.7)

Hnh: 3.7
Chn th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\ thm c 5 file (contry.shp, quocgia.shp, rg_tinh,
Nat_border_indo, Nat_boder_vn) bng cch nhn Ctrl trn bn phm ri bm chut vo tng
file sau nhn nt Add. D liu trong 5 file s c thm vo Dataframe Layer. Nhn Ok
chp nhn chuyn i.

30

Nhn Add ln na
Chn th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3 chn file phanboloai.
Nhn Nt Add thm vo bn
Bc 3.5. To Dataframe mi
Trnh n Insert Data Frame
New Data Frame xut hin trong TOC, khi cc layer ca Data Frame WGS84 UTM
khng xut hin trn mn hnh na
Nhn chut phi vo New Data Frame ri chn Properties, trong hp hi thoi hin ra
vo trang Coordinate System
t h ta l Predefined Geographic Coordinate System World WGS1984 (khc
vi h ta WGS84 UTM)
Nhn Ok
S dng Add Data thm cc file vo
C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\contry.shp
Tt New Data Frame v bt WGS84UTM. Trong TOC bm chut phi vo WGS84UTM
ri chn trnh n activate. New Data Frame s tt, trn mn hnh s hin th Data Frame
WGS84UTM
Bc 3.7. Chuyn i h ta
Trong ArcTool box chn Data Managerment Tools Project and Transformation
Feature - Project

31

Hnh: 3.8
Ca s project hin ra

Hnh: 3.9

32

Input Dataset or Feature class nhp file bn cn chuyn ta

Input Cordinate system (option) nhp h ta ca file ngun (thng thng khng cn
nhp thng s ny, Arcgis t ng d tm
Output Dataset or Feature class nhp th mc v tn file chuyn h ta
Input Coordinate system nhp h ta cn thay i (bt buc)
Geographic Transformation (option) phng php chuyn i khng bt buc
Nhn OK thc hin
Bi tp 3
To Dada frame ta Kinh v
To ata frame ta UTM.
Chuyn i cc lp d liu file shape thc mc c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\ sang cc h ta
geographic

33

Bi 4. To d liu
Ni dung
Trong cc bi trc chng ta lm vic ch yu vi inh dng d liu Shape file.
C 2 nh dng ARC map dng lu tr d liu l shape files v personal geodatabase
(gi tt l geodatabase). Shape file n gin hn Geodatase song chc nng ca n li t hn.
Shape file lu tr c d liu khng gian ln d liu thuc tnh. Ty thuc vo loi i
tng khng gian m n lu tr, shape file s c hin th trong ArcCatalog bng 1 trong 3
biu tng (icon)
V thc cht shape file khng phi l 1 file m l 5-6 file c tn ging nhau nhng ui
khc nhau (bn c th xem chng trong Windows Explorer). 3 file quan trng nht ca shape
file l cc file c ui:
*.shp- cha cc i tng khng gian (geometry)
*.dbf- bng thuc tnh
*.shx- ch s lin kt cc i tng vo bng thuc tnh
Nu c file *.prj th n s xc nh h quy chiu ca shape file.
nhp d liu hay chnh sa chng cn khi ng Edit Selection trong ArcMap.
ArcMap c y cc cng c v cc i tng bn . Tt c cc cng c c b tr
trong thanh Editor Toolbar, thanh ny c th c hin th thng qua thc n Tools Editor
ToolBar hoc View Tools Editor.
Mt c im ca ArcMap l khi v mt i tng hnh hc, cn s dng cng c Sketch
(bt phc ha) v phc ha. Sau khi phc ha xong i tng bn ra lnh End Sketch
th hnh phc hc mi tr thnh i tng tht trong CSDL. Tuy nhin, cc i tng ny vn
cha c ghi vo file ca CSDL trn a cng. Sau khi kt thc mt phin Edit (Edit
selection), nhn lnh Save Edits th s liu va cp nht mi tht s c ghi vo file CSDL
trn a cng.
Thc hnh
Bi ny to ra cc file s liu dng im, ng v vng
Bc 4.1. To file shape kiu point
Khi ng ArcCatalog
Vo th mc C:\ArcGis\thuchanh\bai4\

34

Vo trang Contents ca ArcCatalog, bm chut phi vo ch trng bt k ri chn thc

n New shape file (H.4.1)

Hnh: 4.1

Hnh: 4.2
ArcCatalog s to mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l New shapefile, nhp tn
mi l dist_sp1 bm Enter (H.4.2)
Feature chn Point
Spatial Reference nhn edit Select Projected Coordiante system UTM WGS 1984
WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N

35

Nh vy to c file shape mi vi dng d liu l cc im vi h ta l WGS

1984 UTM Zone 48N
M ArcMap
Thm layer dist_sp1, thm layer gt.shp; cp_np.shp
Chn Editor Start editing; task chn Create New Feature; Target chn dist_sp1
Nhn nt Sketch

bm chut phi vo pha trong ranh gii VQG chn Absolute X Y

(H.4.3)

Hnh: 4.3
Nhp 10 im c ta theo bng di
#
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

X
559994
560059
558047
555968
556635
566930
564517
563746
563284
561718

Y
2251290
2251300
2251860
2252580
2252780
2246950
2246570
2243670
2243670
2249140

Nhp xong vo Editor nhn Stop editing ArcMap hi Save edit? nhn Yes nh, (No
khng nh v Cancel bo qua).
By gi c c file dist_sp1 vi 10 im phn b.
Tip theo, nhp thuc tnh cho tng im phn b
t TOC bm chut phi vo file dist_sp1 (H.4.4) chn Open Atribute table ta c bng
s liu gm 3 trng FID; shape v Id m t kiu d liu ca i tng;

36

Hnh: 4.4
Thm trng Name m t tn loi; X ly ta X; Y ly ta Y; Lat ly
Latitude; Long ly Longitude bng cch nhn vo Option chn Add field (H.4.5)

Hnh: 4.5

Trng name chn X; Type chn Float; Tip tc i vi cc trng tip theo Y, Long,
Lat; i vi trng Name chn Type l Text v l l 50 (H.4.6)

37

Hnh: 4.6
Xong mi bc to trng nhn OK.
Bc 4.2. Chit sut thng tin ta v nhp thuc tnh cho cc im
Chn cc im c FID t 0-5 nhp Name l rua hop 3 vach
Chn cc im c FID t 6-9 nhp Name l Ra sa nhan
T Menu Selection chn (H.4.7)

Hnh: 4.7

Select By Attribute
Hp hi thoi hin ra;

38

Layer chn dist_sp1

Method Create a New Selection
Nhn p vo FID
T bng php tnh chn <=5
C php FID<=5

Hnh: 4.8
Nhn Ok c 6 im c chn
M bng thuc tnh bm chut phi vo Layer dist_sp1 chn Open Attribute table
(H.4.9-4.10)
Nhn nt Selected
Bm chut phi vo v tri Name chn Field Calculator (H.4.11)
Nhp Rua hop 3 vach nhn OK
Thuc tnh rua hop 3 vach c nhp vo cc im t 0-5
Tng t lm cc im c FID t 6-9 nhp Name l Rua sa nhan

39

Lc ny c 10 im phn b u c tn loi l Rua hop 3 vach va Rua sa nhan.

Hnh: 4.9

Hnh: 4.10

40

Hnh: 4.11
Nhn chut Unselect all khng chn tt c i tng
Nhn chut phi vo Trng X chn Calcutale Geometry (H.4.12), phn mm cnh bo
khng th Undo

Hnh: 4.12

41

Hnh: 4.13
Nhn Ok cp nht ta ca cc im (H.4.13)
Thc hin tng t i vi trng Y.
Bc 4.3. Cp nht h ha kinh v cho cc im phn b trong dist_sp1
Trong hp Arc Tool Box S dng cng c Data Management Tool ->Projection and
Translator Feature - project (bc 3.6).
t thng s
Input dataset or feature class chn dist_sp1.shp
Input Coordinate system t ng
Output dataset or feature class chn dist_sp1_ll.shp
Output Coordinate system chn Geographic Coordinate Systems-> World -> WGS1984
Nhn Ok thc hin vic chuyn
Sau khi chuyn ta xong phn mm s t ng m file dist_sp1_ll.shp v hin th
trong TOC (H.4.14-4.15)
Thc hin ging bc 2 cp nht h ta UTM cho trng X v Y. Trong trng hp
ny h ta UTM s c thay bng h ta a l, Kinh v
Kt thc bc 3. By gi cc im phn b c tn loi, v tr ta UTM v kinh v
.

42

Hnh: 4.14

Hnh: 4.15
Bc 4.4. To file shape kiu line
Khi ng ArcCatalog
Vo th mc C:\ArcGis\thuchanh\bai4\

43

Vo trang Contents ca ArcCatalog, bm chut phi vo ch trng bt k ri chn thc

n New shape file (H.4.16)

Hnh: 4.16

Hnh: 4.17

44

ArcCatalog s to mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l New shapefile, hy nhp

tn mi cho n l route_1 bm Enter.
Feature chn line
Spatial Reference nhn edit Select Projected Coordiante system UTM WGS 1984
WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N
Nh vy a to c file shape mi vi dng d liu l cc ng vi h ta l WGS
1984 UTM Zone 48N (H.4.16-4.17)
M ArcMap
Thm layer route_1, thm layer gt.shp; cp_np.shp
Chn Editor Start editing
Task chn Create New Feature
Target chn route_1
Chn Editor Snapping chn F92agt_polyline
Nhn nt Sketch

t li ng giao thng t cng vn vo Bng

Nhp xong vo Editor nhn Stop editing ArcMap hi Save edit? nhn Yes nh,
By gi c c file route_1 vi ng kho st dc theo ng t cng VQG Cc
Phng vo Bng.
Tip theo, nhp thuc tnh cho ng kho st gm di.
Thc hin ging nh bc 2 nhng thay thng s cp nht bng di leght v chn th
nguyn l m
Mt s chc nng khc gm chnh sa ng
T Task chn Modify Feature s dng nt Edit Feature thay i cc Note ca ng.
Bc 4.5. To file shape kiu polygon
Khi ng ArcCatalog
Vo th mc C:\ArcGis\thuchanh\bai4\
Vo trang Contents ca ArcCatalog, bm chut phi vo ch trng bt k ri chn thc
n New shape file (H.4.18)

45

Hnh: 4.18

Hnh: 4.19
ArcCatalog s to mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l New shapefile, hy nhp
tn mi cho n l polygon_1 bm Enter (H.4.19)
Feature chn Point
Spatial Reference nhn edit Select Projected Coordiante system UTM WGS 1984
WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N

46

Nh vy a to c file shape mi vi dng d liu l cc polygon vi h ta l

WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N.
M ArcMap
Thm layer polygon_1, thm layer gt.shp; cp_np.shp
Chn Editor Start editing
Task chn Create New Feature
Target chn polygon_1
Nhn nt Sketch

nhp cc vng phn b loi l cc vng dc sui

Nhp xong vo Editor nhn Stop editing ArcMap hi Save edit? nhn Yes nh,
By gi c c file polygon_1 vi vng phn b dc theo cc sui.
Tip theo, nhp thuc tnh din tch cho vng phn b.
Thc hin ging nh bc 2 nhng thay thng s cp nht bng Area v chn th
nguyn l m
Mt s chc nng khc i gm Chnh sa ng
T Task chn Modify Feature s dng nt Edit Feature thay i cc Note ca ng,
completed polygon
Bc 4.6. Cc chc nng ct, hp trong Arcgis
Ct
Khi ng ArcMap - Thm lp thng tin cp_np - Thm lp thng tin forest_bn_area
Nhim v l ct cc vng rng nm ngoi ranh gii VQG.
Vo Arc Toolbox chn Analysis Tools chn Extract chn Clip (H.4.20)

47

Hnh: 4.20
Phn mm s hin th ca s chn lp thng tin cn clip, lp thng tin clip, v tn lp thng
tin xut ra

Hnh: 4.21
Arc Toolbox s to mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l ..._clip, hy nhp tn mi
cho n l forest_cp bm OK
Nh vy to c file shape forest trong khun vin ranh gii ca CP_NP vi h ta
l WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N.
Giao
M ArcMap
Vo Arc Toolbox chn Analysis Tools chn overlay
Chn Intersect
48

Hnh: 4.22
Phn mm s hin th ca s chn lp thng tin Input feature v Intersect feature v
tn lp thng tin xut ra, phn mm s t ng t tn bng tn ca lp input v thm c php
Intersect
Nhn Ok hon tt.
Hp
Vo Arc Toolbox chn Analysis Tools chn overlay chn Union (H.4.23)

Hnh: 4.23
ging cch thc hin cc bc ct,
Bi tp 4
Ct bn thm thc vt cho tnh H Nam v Ninh Bnh
V cc im phn b loi Ba ba h Lak, Daklak, H Ty, H Ni
V tuyn kho st v tnh di cc tuyn VQG Bch M
S liu th mc c:\arcgis\bai4

49

Bi 5. Cc phng php hin th d liu

Ni dung
Bi ny gii thiu cc phng php hin th d liu to nhn (label) cho cc i tng
trn bn .
D liu c th c hin th trn bn bng nhiu phng php khc nhau. Mi phng
php c c trng bi k hiu, mu sc, nt chi, ng baoty theo d liu v mc ch
s dng m chn cch hin th cho ph hp. Tt c cc i tng trn cng mt lp th u
phi hin th theo cng mt phng php. ArcMap h tr cc phng php hin th sau:
Single symbol: tt c cc i tng u c hin th theo cng mt kiu. phng php
ny c dng hin th cc d liu n gin hay dng nghin cu mt phn b ca cc
i tng dng im.
Categrories: cc i tng c hin th bng mu sc hay k hiu khc nhau a trn gi
tr ca mt (hay nhiu) thuc tnh no . Thuc tnh c s dng lm c s hin th c gi tr
ri rc vi s lng khng qu 20-30 gi tr, chng hn nh 1,2,3 hay Hanoi,
Haiphong,c 3 ch hin th bng Categories l 1. Unique values, 2. Unique values, may
fiels; 3. Match to symbols in style. Trong Unique values c s dng nhiu. Match to
symbols in style dng hin th bng cc styles t trc.
Quantities: cc i tng c hin th bng mu sc hay k hiu khc nhau da trn gi
tr ca mt (hay nhiu) thuc tnh no . Khc vi phng php categories, thuc tnh c s
dng lm c s hin th c gi tr lin tc hay ri rc vi s lng gi tr ln. chng hn nh khi
th hin m hnh s cao hay th hin mt dn ca 1 khu vc no . ArcMap s chia cc
gi tr c th c thnh tng khong ri t cho mi khong gi tr mt loi k hiu. bn c th
thay i s lng cng nh ranh gii ca cc khong. cc loi k hiu c th s dng i vi
phng php Quantities l:
Graduated coulor: cc khong gi tr c hin th bng mu sc khc nhau
Graduated symbols: cc khong gi tr c hin th bng k hiu c kch thc t l vi
gi tr . Nh vy Proportional symbol s hin th chnh xc hn Graduated symbols song n
c tnh khi qut ha km hn v khng thch hp khi thuc tnh c rt nhiu gi tr (lm ri
mt).
Dot Density: thuc tnh c th hin bng cc im c mt khc nhau. Gi tr cng
cao th mt cng ln.
Chart: gi tr ca mt tp hp cc thuc tnh dng s c th hin bng biu .

50

Multiple Attribute: Ging nh phng php Quantitiles Graduated colour song p

dng cho mt tp hp cc thuc tnh.
Thc hnh
Trong bi tp ny chng ta s thc tp cch hin th mt bn hnh chnh Vit Nam.
Tt c cc d liu c cho trong th mc C:\ArcGIS\thuchanh\bai5\
Bc 5.1. To bn v thm d liu
Chy ArcMap ri to mt bn mi.
Bm nt Add Data ri thm tt c cc shapefile th mc C:\ArcGIS\thuchanh\bai5\
(H.5.1)
i tn ca Data Frame t layer thnh Single Symbol bng cch: bm chut 2 ln
(bm chm ch khng bm nhanh) ri g Single Symbol. Bm Enter.
Sp xp cc layer trong TOC theo th t t trn xung dui nh sau: Cities,
Nat_border_indo, Nat_border_vn, river, ....Country.

Hnh: 5.1
Bc 5.2. t ch hin th (Symbology) cho layer Cities
Bm chut phi vo Cites trong TOC ri chn Propeties, trong hp thoi hin ra vo
trang Symbology.
Trong Show chn Features ri chn phng php hin th l Single Symbol (H.5.2)
Bm vo nt Symbol

51

Trn mn hnh s hin ra hp thoi Symbol Selector. chn Kiu k hiu c sn l

Circle 2.

Hnh: 5.2
Bm vo nt Color t mu cho k hiu l mu
t Size l 8 pixel cho kch thc ca k hiu
Bm nt OK, quay v hp thoi Layer Properties, bm tip nt OK ln na ng
hp thoi ny (H.5.3)
Hy xem cch hin th cc thnh ph trong ca s ArcMap v k hiu di dng
Cities trong TOC.

Hnh: 5.3
52

Bc 5.3. t ch hin th cho lp Tentinh_text, Nat_boder_vn, Nat_boder_indo...

- Ranh gii tnh
Nhn p vo Rg_tinh Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Single symbol chn kiu k
hiu Boundary, City ; chn size l 0.7
Chn General Layer name (chuyn i kiu g sang TCVN3), thay Rg_tinh thnh Ranh
gii tnh;
Nhn OK
- Bin gii quc gia
Nhn p vo Nat_border_vn Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Single symbol chn
kiu k hiu Boundary, County ; chn size l 2
Chn General Layer name (chuyn i kiu g sang TCVN3), thay Nat_border_vn
thnh Bin gii quc gia;
Nhn OK
Lm tng t cho cc lp Nat_border_indo
- Giao thng
Nhn p vo traffic_vn Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Single symbol chn kiu
k hiu Highway Ramp; chn size l 0.5
Chn General Layer name (chuyn i kiu g sang TCVN3), thay traffic_vn thnh
ng giao thng;
Nhn OK
- Tnh
Nhn p vo Province_region Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Categories ri
Unique Values.
Chn Value Field l TEN_HC Bm nt Add All Values, ArcMap s tm tt c cc gi tr
ca TEN_HC trong bng thuc tnh v gn cho mi gi tr mt mu.

53

Hnh: 5.4
B nh du <all other value>
dng TEN_HC thay bng Tn tnh (H.5.4)
Bm OK ng hp thoi Symbol Selector.
Nhn p vo tnh cn thay i k hiu, ca s symbol selector hin ra cho php k
thay i kiu k hiu, nt chi...

54

Hnh: 5.5
Trong hp thoi Symbol Selector bm vo nt Properties, trn mn hnh s hin ra hp
thoi Symbol Property Editor cho php sa hoc to ra k hiu mi (H.5.5-5.6)

Hnh: 5.6
Trong Simple Fill ; Color khu vc chn mu ; Outline color chn mu ng ; Outline
vWidth chn kch thc ng bao
Bm nt OK 3 ln ln lt ng cc hp thoi Symbol Property Editor, Symbol
Selector v Layer Properties.
55

Quan st cch th hin ng ranh gii trn mn hnh v cc k hiu pha di cc Layer
trong TOC.
t k hiu cho lp River
Thc hin tng t nh bc chn k hiu ca ranh gii tnh v chn kiu c sn l
river.
Bc 5.4. Thm mu nn cho Data Frame Single Symbol
Trong TOC bm chut phi vo Data Frame Single Symbol ri chn thc n
Properties.
Vo trang Frame, trong Background chn kiu l LtBlue.
Bm OK ng hp thoi
Bc 5.5. To nhn (label) cho cc lp tn tnh v Countries
- Tn Tnh
Nhn p vo lp Tentinh, ca s layer properties hin ra.
Chn Symbology, chn Feature - Single symbol chon Circle1 chn kch thc 0.001,
chn mu trng, nhn Apply.
Chn Label, check Label features in this layer
Label field chn textstring
Text symbol chn Vnarial; size chn 8; coulor chn mu (H.5.7)
Nhn Ok

Hnh: 5.7
Thc hin tng t i vi lp Country chn single symbol; Fill colour chn None
color; Outline colour chn No color; Label song chn trng l Quoc_gia, c ch l 10,

56

Bold. Nhm vo nt Placement properties ri trong hp thoi hin ra chn Remove Dublicate
labels (mi i tng ch to1 nhn).

Hnh: 5.8
Hy phng to khu vc v t l 1:1.000.000 gn ging hnh v sau:
Bi tp 5
Bin tp bn cho Vn quc gia ca Vit Nam, mi VQG 1 mu
Thng tin gm
Tn tnh, ranh gii tnh,
Tn Vn Quc gia,
Tn Hong Sa, Tn Trng Sa, Tn cc quc gia ln cn
Sng sui chnh
Bin gii quc gia

57

Bi 6. Trnh by bn (layout a map)

Ni dung
Bi ny hng dn cch trnh by mt bn in ra giy, cch hin th nhiu Data
Frame trn cng mt trang giy, to cc yu t ca bn nh li Km, thc t l, ch gii
ArcMap c 2 ch hin th d liu: Data View v Layout View. Ch Data View ph
hp vi vic chnh sa v bin tp d liu. Layout View ph hp vi vic trnh by in ra
giy sn phm bn . Khc vi Data View ch cho php hin th 1 Data Frame 1 thi im,
layout view c th hin th nhiu Data Frame cng mt lc. sang ch Layout View hy
vo trnh n View Layout View. Trong ch ny, trn mn hnh ngoi thanh cng c
Tools s hin th thm 1 thanh cng c na c tn l Layout:
800000

1100000

Cao Bng

H Giang

(
!

(
!

Lo Cai

Bc Kn

(
!

Lai Chu

(
!

Tuyn
Yn BiQuang

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

Lng Sn

1040'0"E

(
!

Lo Cai

(
!

Lai Chu

(
!

Tuyn
Yn BiQuang

1120'0"E

TRUNG QUOC

(
!

Bc Kn

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

220'0"N

Lng Sn

(
!

Thi
Nguyn
(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

Sn La

(
!

(
!

Hi Phng
Ph
Bc
Th H
Ninh
Ty
Hi Phng
Ha Bnh
H
Nam
Ninh
Nam
Bnh Ho
Thanh
nh
(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

2200000

(
!

2200000

1100'0"E

Cao Bng

H Giang

220'0"N

Hi Phng
Ph
Bc
Th H
Ninh
Ty
Hi Phng
Ha Bnh
H
Nam
Ninh
Nam
BnhHo
Thanh
nh

(
!

1080'0"E

(
!

Thi
Nguyn
(
!

Sn La

1060'0"E

2500000

2500000

500000

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

200'0"N

200'0"N

(
!

(
!

Ngh An

(
!

(
!

TRUNG QUOC

LAO

Ngh An

(
!

(
!

H Tnh
H Tnh

Qung Bnh

1900000

1900000

(
!

(
!

Qung Tr

180'0"N

180'0"N

LAO
Qung Bnh
(
!

(
!

Qung Tr

Tha Thin Hu
Nng

(
!

(
!

(
!

THAI LAN

(
!

(
!

Qung Nam

160'0"N

Tha Thin Hu
Nng

160'0"N

(
!

THAI LAN
Qung Nam

(
!

Qung Nghi

(
!

1600000

1600000

(
!

Kon Tum
(
!

Bnh nh

Qung Nghi

(
!

(
!

BIEN DONG

Kon Tum

Gia Lai

Bnh nh

(
!

140'0"N

140'0"N

(
!

Gia Lai
(
!

Ph Yn
(
!

CAM PU CHIA

(
!

Ph Yn

k Lk

(
!

CAM PU CHIA

Khnh Ho

(
!

k Lk

Bnh Phc

1300000

1300000

(
!

Lm ng Ninh Thun

(
!

(
!

(
!

Ty
Ninh Bnh
ng Nai
Dng
VIET
NAM B Ra-Vng Tu
An Giang
Tin Giang

Khnh Ho
(
!

120'0"N

120'0"N
(
!

Bnh Phc

Lm ng Ninh Thun

(
!

(
!

(
!

Ty
Ninh Bnh
ng Nai
Dng
VIET
NAM
B Ra-Vng Tu
An Giang
Tin Giang

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

Kin GiangCn Th

Bn Tre

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

Kin GiangCn Th

C Mau

BIEN DONG
250

500

(
!

1000000

1000000

(
!

(
!

(
!

(
!

800000

225

(
!

450

C Mau

Kilometers
500000

Tr Vinh
Sc Trng
Bc Liu
0

(
!

(
!

100'0"N

Bn Tre

100'0"N

Tr Vinh
(
!

Sc Trng
Bc Liu

(
!

!
(

Kilometers
1100000

1040'0"E

1060'0"E

1080'0"E

1100'0"E

1120'0"E

Hnh:
Thanh cng c Layout cng c cc cng c phng to thu nh (Zoom). Cn phn bit
cc cng c ny vi cc cng c cng tn trn thanh cng c Tools vn thng dng:
Cc cng c trn thanh Layout: thay i t l ca trang giy nhng khng thay i t l
ca bn (t l bn l t l hin th ca cc d liu bn trong).
Cc cng c trn thanh Tools: thay i t l bn nhng khng thay i t l trang giy.
chn cc i tng trong ch Layout View hy s dng cng c Select Element
trn thanh Tools.
58

Thc hnh
Trnh by bn t cc d liu ca bi trc.
Bc 6.1. M bn hanhchinh (hoc cc VQG) v ghi li vi tn khc
Chy ArcMap, m file bn cc VQG c to ra bi trc (bi 5)
Open C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai6\np_vn.mxd
Bc 6.2. t kch thc ca khung bn
Vo trnh n View Layout View, ArcMap s chuyn sang ch Layout View v
trn mn hnh hin ra trang giy vi Data Frame m ta to bi trc l vuonquogia.
Thay i kch thc v v tr ca cc Data Frame sao cho kn trang A4. thay i kch
thc ca 1 Data Frame cn thc hin cc bc sau:
Chn cng c Select Element trn thanh cng c Tools.
Bm chut tri vo ch bt k bn trong Data Frame chn. Xung quanh Data Frame
c chn s xut hin mt khung bao vi 8 hnh vung nh mp.
thay i kch thc: a chut ra 1 trong 8 hnh vung nh v khi con tr chut thnh
hnh mi tn 2 chiu th bm chut, ko v kch thc cn thay i ri nh nt chut
thay i v tr: bm chut tri vo ch bt k trong Data Frame c chn, khng nh
ra, ko v v tr cn thit ri nh nt chut.
Bc 6.3. t t l bn
Hy chn Data Frame Single Symbol.
Dng cng c Zoom In / Out trn thanh cng c Tools hy g vo t l trn thanh cng
c chnh
t l 1:7 600 000.
Dng cng c Pan

trn thanh cng c Tools a lnh th Vit Nam v gia bn

Ch : trong qu trnh thc hin cc bc tip theo t l bn c th thay i i cht.

.

Khi hy g li chnh xc t l

Bc 6.4. To khung v li km cho Data Frame layer

Nhn p vo layer
Bm chut phi ri chn Propeties, vo trang Frame ri chn kiu Border l Double,
Graded (H.6.1)

59

Hnh: 6.1
Bm sang trang Grid. Trong trang ny bm vo nt New Grid to li Km mi. Trn mn
hnh s hin ra hp thoi sau (H.6.2)

Hnh: 6.2
Chn loi li l Graticule: divides map by meridians and paralls (li kinh v ). t
tn cho li l kvd. Bm nt Next.

60

Hnh: 6.3
Trong hp thoi tip theo sau (H.6.3) chn Graticule and labels (li v nhn), chn
Intervals theo c kinh v v l 2. bm nt Style ri t mu cho li l Blue. Bm nt OK ri
nt Next.

Hnh: 6.4
Trong hp thoi tip theo (H.6.4) b du cc Major v Minor division ticks. Bm nt
Font ri t phng ch ch nhn l Arial, c 8. bm nt Next.

61

Hnh: 6.5
Trong hp thoi tip theo gi nguyn ch mc nh nh (H.6.6)

Hnh: 6.6
Bm nt Finish kt thc to li.
Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Data Frame Properties. Trn bn s hin th ra li
ta mu xanh.

62

Bc 6.5. To thc t l v dng t l cho Data Frame layer

Chn Data Frame layer.
Vo trnh n Insert Scale Bar
Trong hp thoi Scale Bar Selection hin ra chn kiu thc t l c sn l Altermalting
Scale Bar 1.
Bm nt Properties. Trn mn hnh s hin th ra hp thoi Scale Bar (H.6.7)

Hnh: 6.7
Chn number of Division 2 v Number Of SubDivision (cc khong chia) bng 4,
Division Units (n v o) l Km, Label (nhn) l km (H.6.8)

63

Hnh: 6.8
Bm nt Ok ng hp thoi Scale Bar
Bm tip Ok ln na ng hp thoi Scale Bar Selector. Trn mn hnh s hin th 1
thc t l.
Dch chuyn thc t l v v tr thch hp, cch dch chuyn tng t nh i vi Data
Frame.
Thay i kch thc ca thc t l mt cht ta c th thu c khong chia chn
(0,200,400, km).
to dng t l hy vo trnh n Insert Scale Text, trong hp thoi hin ra chn
kiu c sn l Absolute Scale. Bm nt OK.
Trn bn s hin ra dng t l 1:7,600,000. Dch chuyn dng t l ny v v tr
thch hp
Bc 6.6. To mi tn phng Bc
Vo trnh n Insert North Arrow, trn hnh s hin ra hp thoi North Arrow
Selector.

64

Chn kiu c sn l ESRI North3, bm OK, trn bn s xut hin mi tn phng Bc

(H.6.9)

Hnh: 6.9
Dch chuyn mi tn v v tr thch hp
Bc 6.7. To bng ch gii (legend) cho Data Frame Single Symbol
Vo trnh n Insert Legend, trn mn hnh s hin ra hp thoi Legend Wizard
(H.6.10). Trong danh sch Legend Items lit k nhng layer c trong ch gii.

Hnh: 6.10

65

Loi tt c cc layer trong legend item bng cch bm vo nt loi layer ra khi ch
gii, sau chn nhng layer cn hin th
Chn Rg_tinh, traffic_vn, Nat_border_vn, Cities trong danh sch Legend Iterm ri bm
nt thm .
t number of colum bng 1 (bng ch gii s chia thnh 1 ct).
Bm nt Next.
Trong hp thoi tip theo (H.6.11) g ch gii vo Legend Title, chn c ch l 12,
cn l gia chn font l vnArial.

Hnh: 6.11
Bm nt Next
Trong hp thoi tip theo
White .

(H.6.12) chn Border l 1.0 point , Background l

Hnh: 6.12

66

Bm nt Next.
Trong hp thoi hin ra bm nt Next.
Trong hp thoi hin ra bm nt Finish.
Trn bn hin ra bng ch gii. a n v v tr thch hp.

Hnh: 6.13
Phng to khu vc bng ch gii ta thy n cha t yu cu v cc ch ch gii vn bng
ting Anh (H.6.14)

Hnh: 6.14
i ch v ting Vit vo TOC, bm chut chm 2 ln vo tng k hiu ca cc layer
ri g li chng thnh ting Vit 6.15

Hnh: 6.15
67

Sau khi chuyn cc ch trong TOC v ting Vit, bng ch gii cng t ng thay i
theo.
Nhn vo ch gii chn font ch vnArial thanh cng c pha di (H.6.16)

Hnh: 6.16
Bc 6.8. t font ch ting Vit Unicode cho legend
Nu bn dng b g ting Vit Unicode th phi t font ch Unicode. Khi to legend
bc trc th thy rng khng th chn c cc font ch ny.
Bm chut phi vo bng ch gii, chn Properties, trong hp thoi hin ra vo trang
Legend (H.6.17)

Hnh: 6.17

68

Bm vo nt Symbol, trong hp thoi Symbol Selector hin ra bm vo nt Properties.

Hnh: 6.18
Trong hp thoi tip theo bm vo nt Font ch Arial. Bm OK 3 ln ng cc hp
thoi v quay tr v hp thoi Legend Properties.
Bm sang trang Items (H.6.19)

Hnh: 6.19

69

Chn Cities trong danh sch Legend Items ri bm nt Styles. Trn mn hnh s hin ra
hp thoi Legend Item Selector (H.6.20)

Hnh: 6.20
Bm vo nt Properties. Trong hp thoi Legend Item (H.6.21) bm vo nt Label
Symbol

Hnh: 6.21
70

Trong hp thoi Symbol Selector hin ra bm vo nt Properties.

Trong hp thoi tip theo bm vo nt Font ri chn font ch Arial. Bm OK 4 ln
ng cc hp thoi v quay tr v hp thoi Legend Properties.
Bc 6.9. To dng tt bn v mt s ch ch gii
Vo trnh n Insert Title, trn bn s hin ra mt i tng ch vi ch Make
mc nh, hy xa ch v nhp ch Bn hnh chnh Vit Nam ri bm Enter.
Bm chut phi vo dng ch va to, chn trnh n Properties.
Nu dng font ch Unicode th trong hp thoi hin ra bm vo nt Change Symbol ri
chn ch Arial, 14, Bold. Bm OK 2 ln ng cc hp thoi li.

Hnh: 6.22
Nu bn dng font ch ting vit ABC th hy t font .vn theo phng php tng t.
Dch chuyn dng title v pha trn gia bn .
to dng ch bin tp ti Hi ra pha di bn tri bn (hnh di), vo trnh
n Insert Text ri lm tng t nh trn song chn font ch l Arial, 8, Italic.
Bc 6.10. In bn
in bn ny hy vo trnh n File Print. Trong hp thoi hin ra bm vo nt
Setup ri t cc tham s In cn thit.
Bc 6.11. Ghi bn
Vo trnh n File Save.
Bc 6.12. Xut khu bn

71

Vo trnh n File export map chn nh dng cn xut khu, JPG, TIFF, emf, ch
t phn gii.
Bi tp 7
Bin tp bn cho Vn quc gia ca Vit Nam c y ni dung ca bn gm,
tiu , thc t l, li ta , ch gii, m tn phng bc...
Thng tin gm
Tn tnh, ranh gii tnh,
Tn Vn Quc gia,
Tn Hong Sa, Tn Trng Sa, Tn cc quc gia ln cn
Sng sui chnh
Bin gii quc gia
T l 1:7.600.000

72

Bi 7: Chuyn i gia cc nh dng d liu

Ni dung
Bi ny hng dn cch s dng ArcTooolBox chuyn i gia cc nh dng d liu
khc nhau. y l mt vn thng gp trong thc t do cc d liu liu c xut x khc
nhau, mi ngun c mt nh dng ring v phi a v mt nh dng thng nht hiu th
trn bn . Chng ta s hc cch chuyn i gia 2 nh dng chnh ca ArcGIS l Shape file.
Cc nh dng Microstation
nh dng: MapInfor Interchange MIF
File text cha to X, Y ca cc i tng dng im
Mi Shapefile hay feature class trong ArcGIS ch c c th cha cc i tng cng loi
(im, ng, vng hoc m t - anotation). trong khi cc file ho CAD hay bng ca
Mapinfo li thng cha nhiu loi i tng cng bng, lp. Do khi chuyn d liu t cc
file loi ny sang nh dng ca ArcGIS cn chuyn ln lt tng loi i tng vo ring tng
Shapefile hay feature class.
Nu import d liu vo Shapefile th sau khi thc hin cn t h to cho cc
Shapefile ny (bng ArcCatalog).
Thc hnh
Bi tp ny xy dng mt bn cc im phn b loi ra hp 3 vch trn nn bn
a hnh t l: 1:50000 khu vc Vn quc gia Cc Phng
- Cc lp ng (gm ranh gii x, ng bnh , sng sui, dn c, giao thng) c
cho trong nh dng Microstation *.DGN.
- Cc lp Ranh gii VQG, Thm thc vt c cho trong nh dng MapInfo TAB.
- im phn b loi ra hp 3 vch c cho di dng ta lu trong bng Excel,
cha to X, Y ca cc im phn b
Bc 7.1. Chuyn lp ng t nh dng Microstation (*.DGN)
Khi ng ArcMap
M d liu dng DGN bng nt lnh thm lp thng tin.
Chn 5 file DGN th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\ F92adh.dgn; F92ath.dgn;
F92adc.dgn; F92agt.dgn; F92arg.dgn;
S dng nt iu khin nhn din cc lp thng tin trong 5 file DGN

73

Khi ng ArcToolBox (hnh di) nhy p vo Conversion Tools (H.7.1)

Hnh: 7.1
Nhy p vo To Shapefile hp hi thoi Feature Class to Shapefile (H.7.2)

Hnh: 7.2
Input Feature chn cc lp thng tin cn chuyn, ln lt chn (H.7.3)
F92adh.dgn Polygon; F92adh.dgn Polyline;
F92arg.dgn Polygon; F92arg.dgn Polyline;

74

F92ath.dgn Polygon; F92ath.dgn Polyline;

F92adc.dgn Polygon; F92adc.dgn Polyline; F92adc.dgn annotaion;
F92agt.dgn Polyline.
F92arg.dgn Polyline.
Trong mc output Folder chn th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\diahinh\

Hnh: 7.3
- Bn nt OK. ArcToolBox s t ng chuyn i cc i tng dng tuyn, dng
polygon, dng text t cc thng tin cha trong cc file DGN vo feature class.
Bc 7.2. Chuyn ranh gii VQG, thm thc vt t file TAB ca Maplnfo
M MapInfo, M 2 file rg_cp_np.tab v vegetation_cp.tab
T Menu Tool chn Universal Translator

75

Hnh: 7.4
frame Source nhn vo mi tn Format chn MapInfotab; T file chn cc file cn
chuyn (H.7.4-7.5)
C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\rg_cp_np.tab v vegataion_cp.tab nhn Shift chn 2 file)
frame Destination nhn vo mi tn Format chn ESRI Shape; Directory chn
C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\cp_np\

Hnh: 7.5

76

Bm nt ok, Universal Translator s t ng chuyn i cc i tng dng vng, ng

vo shape
Bc 7.3: Chuyn cc im phn b ra hp t bng ta kinh v lu trong Excel
-

T Menu Tool chn Add XY data hp hi thoi xut hin (H.7.6)

hp

Choose

table

from

the

map

nhn

nt

chn

c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\turtle\dis1.xls
-

X Field chn X

Y Field chn Y

Nhn Edit chn Spatial Reference Properties (H.7.7)

Nhn Select chn Geographic Coordinate Systems World Chn WGS 1984.prj

Hnh: 7.6

77

file

Hnh: 7.7
Nhn OK lc ny cc im phn b hin th trong ca s bn ca ArcMap (H.7.8)
Bm chut phi vo layer trong TOC chn Data chn Export Data

Hnh: 7.8
Chn all features
t tn cho layer l dist_sp11

78

Nhn Ok thc hin chuyn cc im phn b loi 1 vo th mc

C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\dist_sp11.shp.

Hnh: 7.9
Lc ny cc im phn b ca loi sp11 c nhp vo bn , h ta l kinh v ,
h quy chiu l WGS 1984.
Bc 7.4. t h to cho cc shapefile va nhp vo
- Trong qu trnh chuyn i bc 1 t Microstation sang Shape, ArcToolBox khng t
ng gn h to nh sn trong feature dataset cho feature class va to. Cn kim tra v
t h ta UTM WGS 84, mi 48N cho file va to ra bi 3 t h ta cho shape file
ArcCataloge
- Trong qu trnh chuyn i cc bc 2-3 t MapInfo sang shapefile, Universal
Translatir khng t t h to cho chng.
Chy ArcCataloge
Vo th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\cp_np\ ri bm vo trang Contents
Bm chut phi vo shapefile cp_np_polyline.shp ri chn trnh n Properties.
Shapefile Properties hin ra chn XY Coordinate system nhn Select chn Projected
Coordinate Systems UTM WGS 1984 - WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N.prj (H.7.10)

79

Hnh: 7.10
Bm nt Add
Bm nt OK 2 ln ng cc hp thoi li. ArcCatalog s t h to cho shapefile l
UTM Zone 48N WGS-84, tip tc thc hin cc file shape khc.
i vi file shape th mc
C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\dist1\ chn h ta file shape dist_sp11.shp
Nhn Select chn Geographic Coordinate Systems World Chn WGS 1984.prj
Bc 7.5. Hin th d liu
ng ArcCatalog. Chy ArcMap nu cha chy.
To mt bn mi.
Dng ni Add data thm cc shapefile va mi nhp th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7
t Symbology cho lp Duong_Polyline vi cc tham s nh sau:
Phng php Feature Single symbol
ng bnh ; Sng sui; ng giao thng
Ranh gii; Ranh gii NP; Distribution point
Cch t Symbology (bc 5.2-5.4)

80

t thanh mu cho lp Vegataion bng phng php Categories - Unicque Value Type
Add all value

Hnh: 7.11
Lp Anottation ch cha thng tin c ch di dng ch nn ta ch cn hin th chng m
khng cn hin th cc i tng dng im c trong lp ny.
t Symbology l Circle 1, Color: No Color.
Vo hp thoi Properties, trang Label, nh du Label features in this layer, chn Label
field l TEXT.
Bm vo nt Symbol.
Trong hp thoi Symbol Selector hin ra bm vo nt Properties
Trong hp thoi Editor hin ra (hnh di) bm vo nt Font ri chn font ch l vnArial,
c 8 (chn c font ch ting Vit v trong hp thoi Symbol Selector khng hin th cc font
ch ).
Bm nt OK 3 ln ng cc hp thoi li.
To nhn cho lp F92adh_anottation_point.shp, song chn font ch l Arial, 6, Italic.
Bc 5.5.

81

Bi tp 7
Chuyn i cc d liu trong th mc c:\arcgis\bai7\convert sang dng s liu ca Arcgis
h ta UTM WGS 1984
Nhp cc im phn b loi ra trung b t bng excel trong th mc
c:\arcgis\bai7\convert v chuyn i thnh file shape, nhp cc thuc tnh v ta ca cc
im dng ta kinh v .
Bin tp bn phn b loi ra VQG Cc Phng

82

Bi 8. Lnh truy vn hi p
Ni dung:
-

Dng lnh truy vn khai thc d liu t cc bng.

Hin th kt qu truy vn

Tnh ton s liu thng k t cc bng

Bn trong ArcGIS cha ng mt khi lng ln thng tin. Tuy nhin, bn

khng tr ln qu phc tp kh s dng, khng phi tt c cc thng tin ny c th hin trc
quan trn bn , nhiu thng tin kh tuy nm trong c s d liu nhng khng chin th
nh cc thuc tnh khng phi l trng tm ca cc i tng, mi lin h logic gia cc i
tng,...ArcGIS c mt s cng c khai thc cc thng tin : cng c Identify tr li cu
hi l ci g?, cng c Query tm cc i tng tho mn mt hay nhiu iu kin no
hay phn tch d liu.
Trong bi ny chng ta s s dng query lm vic vi cc bng thuc tnh.
Mt lnh truy vn n gin bao gm tn trng, ton t v gi tr. Cc lnh truy vn n
gin c th kt hp vi nhau to thnh cc lnh phc tp.
Thc hnh
Bc 8.1. Select theo loi rng
M lp thng tin Forest_nb_area_intersect
M bng thuc tnh.
Cp nht din tch cho tng polygon
T Option chn Select by Attribite

83

Hnh: 8.1
Nhp c php
"TYPE" LIKE 'Rng th-a th-ng xanh trung bnh'
Nhn Apply chn cc polygon c iu kin trn
Bc 8.2. Select theo nhiu iu kin
Thm iu kin "TYPE" LIKE 'Rng th-a th-ng xanh trung bnh' AND "DTICH"
>=10000
Chn cc polygon tha mn l rng thng xanh trung bnh v c din tch >=10000.
Bi tp 8
Tnh cc vng c c din tch t 1-2 ha.

84