C S Vin Thm_cui k

CNG N TP C S VIN THM

CU 1: vin thm l g?nu cc di ph dng trong vin thm v c im cc di ph ?(c2)
1. Khi nim: vt l phng php s dng bc x in t nh 1 phng tin nghin cu, iu tra o c nhng thuc tnh c bn ca cc i tng, hin tng m khng cn tip xc trc tip ti cc i tng, hin tng 2. Cc di ph dng trong vt: Tia gama: 10-6 10-4 m Tia X: 10-4 10-1 m Di nhn thy: 0.4 0.7 m V 1 phn di hng ngoi

Cu 2: ca s kh quyn l g v ngha ca n trong vt?(c2)

1. Khi nim: L vng di sng m nl hp th t nht v c truyn qua nhiu nht 2. ngha trong vt: Ch to cc my cm bin trong vt L c s hnh thnh vt ch ng, vt b ng

Cu 3: ph phn x l g? S dng ca khi nim ph phn x lm g?phn tch c im ph phn x ca thc vt, so snh vi c im ph phn x ca cc i tng khc?(c2)
1. Khi nim: Ph phn x l t l % ca nl ri xung b mt i tng v c phn x tr li. Vi cng 1 i tng, bc sng khc nhau th ph phn x khc nhau 2. Tc dng: Da vo ph phn x( cng , dng ng cong cc di sng khc nhau) c th phn tch, so snh, nhn din i tng trn b mt. 3. Ph phn x tv: Tv cha nhiu cht dip lc, px rt mnh a/s c bc sng t 0.45- 0.67 m(Green) v vy ta nhn thy chng c mu xanh lc. Khi cht dip lc gim i, tv chuyn sang c kh nng px a/s mu tri hn, kt qu l cy c mu vng( do Green+Red) hoc hn. vng hng ngoi px, tv c kh nng px rt mnh, khi sang vng hng ngoi nhit v vi sng mt s im cc tr vng sng di lm tng kh nng hp th a/s ca hi nc trong l, kh nng px ca chng gim i r rt v ngc li, kh nng hp th a/s li tng ln. c bit i vi rng c nhiu tng l, kh nng cng tng ln. 4. So snh:
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Nc trong ch px mnh vng sng ca tia mu xanh l, gim dn khi sang vng tia xanh lc, trit tiu cui di sng . Nc c kh nng px tng ln. c, mn, su, hm lng clorophyl u nh hng n tnh cht ph px ca chng. t kh: ng cong ph phn x ca t kh tng i n gin, t c cc i v cc tiu 1 cch r rng. Cc yu t a/h l lng m, cu trc, nhm b mt, s c mt ca oxit kim loi, hm lng vt cht hu c. Quy lut chung ca ph phn x ca t l tng dn v pha sng c bc sng di. : cu to khi, kh c dng ng cong ph phn x tng t nh ca t song gi tr tuyt i thng cao hn. Tuy nhin cng nh i vi t, s bin ng ca gi tr ph phn x ph thuc vo nhiu yu t ca : mc cha nc, cu trc, cu to, thnh phn khong vt, tnh trng b mt,...

Cu 4: c im ca chp nh hng khng v c im ca nh hng khng?(c4)

1. c im ca chp nh hng khng: chp theo nguyn tc xuyn tm( dng my nh quang hc; chp thng ng v c ph chm) 2. c im ca nh hng khng: T l nh hng khng l khng ng u trong ton nh Hnh dng ca a hnh, a vt b thay i, ty thuc vo v tr ca chng trn nh: cng xa tm, s bin dng cng ln T l v din tch ph ca nh ph thuc vo cao bay chp Din tch ph ca nh ph thuc vo: gc nhn ca ng knh cao bay chp Hiu ng lp th

Cu 5: nu s khc bit c bn gia nh chp theo nguyn tc khung v nguyn tc qut?(c3)

*) nguyn tc khung: phn gii thp. Tuy nhin vi my nh khung a knh, vi 4 bc sng khc nhau => phn bit chi tit cc i tng( nhiu i tng khng phn bit c qua 1,2 bc sng) nh chp c hnh nh ca c 1 vng rng ln nhng khng phi l hnh chiu trn mp nm ngang. p dng cho chp nh my bay

*) nguyn tc qut:

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T liu s t cc my qut l rt phc tp, t tin v i hi x l my tnh to hnh nh C sai s mo hnh p dng cho tng my bay, tng v tinh v s dng nhiu trong vic thu nhn tn hiu ph vng sng di( hng ngoi nhit, radar)

Cu 6: gii thiu v cu to phim nh en trng, nguyn tc chp v in phng nh en trng?(c3)

1. Cu to: Phim en trng gm 2 lp: lp trong sut c b mt nhm v lp nh c thnh phn l mui halogen bc dy 100 m. Khi c a/s tc ng ca cc photon a/s lm cho nguyn t bc c gii phng ra khi mui halogen 2. Nguyn tc chp v in phng(p39) Khu vc no b tc ng a/s s c mu en trn phim m bn, phn cn li s trong sut Phim m bn c hnh nh ngc li vi thc t. Qu trnh in nh hoc to phim dng bn l qu trnh ri sng ngc tr li vi vic dng phim m bn lm tm lc sng to nn mt dng bn c c im sng ging nh iu kin thc t ban u ti sng ca hnh nh ph thuc vo s lng ht nh tng b tc ng a/s gii phng bc Phim nh c th thu nhn tn hiu a/s trong nhng iu kin chiu sng v iu kin kh quyn khc nhau.

Cu 7: gii thiu v cu to phim nh mu, mu hng ngoi, nguyn tc chp v in phng nh mu?(c3)
1. Cu to phim nh mu: C 2 loi phim mu m bn v dng bn. Nguyn tc chuyn i mu trong phim tun theo nguyn tc tam gic mu. Phim mu gm 4 lp, khi l sng, lp trong sut v th, pha trn l 3 lp nh tng c nhy cm vi 3 mu dng: Blue, Green, Red. gia lp mu Blue c lp lc khi cho tia Blue nhm loi b tn x reighler rt mnh i vi tia blue. Kt qu sau khi l sng v nh hnh, phim m bn xut hin mu m. Khi in nh mu, qu trnh l sng theo c ch ngc li, nhy cm mu m, nhum mu dng ging nh mu ban u ca i tng t nhin 2. Cu to phim mu hng ngoi: Phim mu hng ngoi c 3 lp song kh nng nhy cm li chuyn v pha hng ngoi c th:
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Lp to mu Yellow: nhy cm vi as Green Lp to mu Magenta: nhy cm vi as Red Lp to mu Cyan: nhy cm vi as hng ngoi gn

C 3 lp nh tng u nhy cm vi as Blue v c loi ra bng cch t 1 fitter pha trn ng knh 3. Nguyn tc chp v in phng: Mt con ngi c th phn bit nhiu mc mu sc hn l cc mc sng Cc fitter mu m hp th 1 mu dng nh i din ca tam gic v cho truyn qua 2 mu dng 2 cnh tam gic Ngc li cc fitter mu dng li hp th 2 mu m 2 cnh bn v cho qua 1 mu m cnh i din Khi in nh mu, qu trnh l sng theo c ch nhy cm vi cc tia mu m v nhum mu dng ging nh mu ban u ca i tng t nhin

Cu 8: ngha ca quy lut chuyn di cc tr nng lng ca Wien trong chp nh hng ngoi nhit? c im c bn ca nh hng ngoi nhit v kh nng ng dng ca nh hng ngoi nhit vit nam?(c5)
1. ngha: bc sng ca chm tia bc x mang nhiu nl nht cho ta nhng thng tin c gi tr v phn quang ph nhit cn quan tm. T cn c vo bc sng tri, la chn b d hng ngoi nhit thch hp vi i tng m chng ta cn quan tm 2. c im c bn: Rt hay b mo m do a/h ca cc yu t mi trng nh: gi ma, my, tv,... Rt khc nhau gia ban ngy v ban m, ph thuc vo m hnh nhit ca cc vt cht khc nhau 3. Kh nng ng dng: Xy dng m hnh thy vn Xy dng m hnh kh hu Xc nh cc im chy Nghin cu nhit mt nc bin Nghin cu cc trng nhit khc

Cu 9: nguyn tc chp nh hng ngoi nhit, c im nh hng ngoi nhit v kh nng ng dng ca nh hng ngoi nhit. Trong cc dng t liu vin thm hin nay, c nhng t liu no c bng nh hng ngoi nhit?
1. c im: Phn gii khng gian v din ph mt t Thay i kch thc ca pixel phn gii
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Bin dng a hnh theo mt chiu Bin dng thng s bay 2. Nguyn tc: Phng php vin thm hng ngoi nhit l phng php ghi nhn cc bc x nhit di sng hng ngoi nhit( 3- 14m). V bc x nhit c cng yu, li b hp th mnh bi kh quyn, nn thu cc tn hiu nhit phi c cc thit b qut nhit vi nhy cao L phng php qut vi cc sensor c trng nhn tc thi FIOV ln 3. Nhng t liu c bng nh hng ngoi nhit: NOAA- AVHRR, MODIS, FY

Cu 10: cc khi nim v phn gii ca vin thm v khi nim dng lm g? Hy phn tch quy phm xy dng bn lin quan n phn gii khng gian?
1. phn gii khng gian: L kch thc nh nht ca 1 vt m b cm ghi ph c th nhn bit c v mt i tng khng gian phn cch c vi i tng khng gian khc nm k i tng ny. ln ca pixel nh s l n v xc nh phn gii khng gian ca h thng 2. phn gii ph: L s lng knh nh ca mt nh s v 1 khu vc no . S lng knh nh ph thuc vo kh nng ghi ph ca thit b ghi hay b cm. phn gii ph cao nht t n hn 200 knh gi l h siu ph. 3. phn gii thi gian: Ch lin quan n qu o ca v tinh. Mt vng chp vo cc thi im khc nhau s cho ra cc thng tin v vng chnh xc hn v nhn bit c s bin ng ca mt khu vc. 4. Tc dng: Ti liu thu c s dng trong gii on = mt, trong x l s Theo di chuyn ng ca cc m my, cn bo....

Cu 11: khi nim v ng cong phn b nng lng khng gian trong quan st vin thm?
Khi nhit ca vt tng ln, cc tr bc x s chuyn v pha c bc sng nh hn max= A/T. Trong max- bc sng m c s pht x cc i(m), A= 2.898 mK, T- nhit K

Cu 12: cc khi nim v: BIL, BIP, FIOV, PIXEL, BSQ?

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1. BSQ: l cu trc d liu m tt c d liu thuc mt knh nh c lu tr ring thnh 1 tp( khi tip khi) 2. BIL: l cu trc d liu c lu tr tt c theo cc bng theo th t dng khng ph thuc vo s knh. Gi tr s ca tt c cc knh s ln lt ghi nhn theo cc th t t dng 1 cho n ht, ghi nhn theo kiu BIL s cho ra 1 tp d liu chung cho tt c cc knh nh( dng tip dng) 3. BIP: l cu trc d liu c lu tr theo kiu pixel 1, line 1, knh 1, pixel 1 line 1 knh 2, pixel 1 line 1 knh 3 4. Pixel: l 1 n v nh nht v khng gian trn mt file nh 5. Fiov(trng nhn tc thi): l gc hnh nn vung gc vi mt t, c din qut ph bi gng quay. Fiov sinh ra pixel trn nh.

Cu 13: khi nim nh ton sc, nh a ph:

1. nh ton sc: ch bao gm mt s knh ph nn thng c gii on nh nh en trng 2. nh a ph: l sn phm ca k thut tch knh nh cc thit b lc quang hc hay in t. nh a ph c th l nh en trng hay nh mu, c th l nh ring tng knh hoc tng hp mt s knh

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