ASPIRIN

C ch phn ng, phn ng chnh, phn ng ph: a. Phn ng chnh:

5g acid salicilic 7ml anhydrit acetic 0,5ml H2SO4 - Khuy u - T0C: 50600C - t = 15 pht - Khuy u - Gi nhit phng

un cch thy

Lm ngui 120ml H2O Lc chn khng 20ml Etanol nng Ha tan

Thm 75ml H2O m

ngui

Lc chn khng

Acetic acetyl salicilic

-NAPHTOL DA CAM
Phn ng:

O3S

NH3+

NaO3S

NH2

Diazoni

2-Naphtol

2-Naphtolat natri

2.2/C ch phn ng: Phn ng diazoni ha: NaNO2 + HCl

HNO2 + NaCl

H H

Diazohydrate

Cation diazon

Phn ng ghp i:

2g Acid sunfanilic 5ml NaOH Ha tan

1g NaNO2 10ml H2O Ha tan Ly 2/3 Vdd NaNO2 16ml NaOH 5%

1g NaNO2

Ha tan

Khuy Lm lnh Thm t t 1.5ml HCl Khuy Thm t t 1ml HCl Khuy Thm t t 1/3 Vdd NaNO2 cn d trn Phn ng Diazoni (Th vi giy KI h tinh bt ha xanh) (T = 0-50C, t = 5pht) (T = 0-50C) Lm lnh

Tinh th ca mui diazoni

Khuy trn 5g NaCl Lm lnh

(t = 30pht, phn ng ghp i)

(t = 1 gi trong chu )

Lc kt ta

(bng phu ht p sut thp)

Ra, p kh, sy

1. Bo co th nghim:
Qu trnh - Cho 2g acid sunfanilic vo 5ml dd

-Naphtol da cam Hin tng C phn ng xy ra vi Gii thch hin tng

NaOH 2N, khuy hh khong 30 pht - Ha tan 1g NaNO2 vo 10ml H2O. Cho 2/3 dd trn vo dd u tin lm lnh hn hp t 050C, thm t t 1,5ml dd HCl vo - Tip tc khuy, sau 5 pht thm 1ml HCl, ri thm tip 1/3 lng NaNO2 cn li sao cho giy Cng chuyn thnh xanh - Ha tan 1,4g -Naphtol vo 16ml NaOH 5%, lm lnh - Tip tc khuy trong 30 pht na

tc chm.

Hn hp t khng mu chuyn sang mu cam m Hn hp c mu vng c

Hin tng i mu ca hn hp l do phn ng to thnh diazoni. Phn ng (2) Thm tip 1/3 lng NaNO2 v HCl nhm to mi trng acid ( giy Cng chuyn xanh). Do khi ha tan xy ra phn ng (3) S i mu l do phn ng ghp i to nhm (-N=N-) chnh nhm ny quyt nh mu ca hn hp. Khi cho NaCl vo nhm: tng t trng dd nn d kt tinh, tch pha; gim s phn ly ca Naphtol; gim tan ca Naphtol. Nhm loi b cc phn lng tan trong nc.

Dung dch c mu nu Mu ca n bt u i

- Cho 5g NaCl vo, khuy u, ngm trong chu thm 1h.

Dung dch c li

- Lc kt ta trn phiu ht p sut thp, kh t nhin ngoi khng kh.

Thu c sn phm c mu vng cam m.

ACID SULFANILIC

a. Phn ng ph:

b. C ch phn ng: y l phn ng th i in t

H2SO4

SO3H-

HSO4-

H2O

Phc Thm t t 18ml H2SO4

Phc

9ml Anilin

Sunfo ha

- Nhit : 180-1900C - Thi gian 1h, lc u

34 ml NaOH 2N

Th phn ng

Dd trong: P/ kt thc

ngui 100g nc Kt tinh

Nhit : 70 - 900C

Lc p sut thp Nc lnh, phn rn Ra

3- 5ml HO

150200ml nc si

Ho tan

1g than hot tnh Kh mu Giy lc xp mi Acid sunfanilic

Lc nng

Nc Lm lnh Lc p sut thp

ACETANILIDE
Phn ng chnh:

Zn T0
1.2 C ch phn ng:

(2)

4ml Anilin 5ml acid 0,1g Zn Acetyl ho 1021060C 2h

Lm ngui

150ml nc Lm lnh Khuy u

Lc chn khng 100ml nc si 1g than Kh mu hot tnh Lc nng Dd lc Dd lc C mu C cn Lc thng Thm nc n khi khng cn cht rn hay du

Ho tan

Phiu sy kh

Xut hin git du Thm nc Ho tan T0 si

Lm ngui

Khng xut hin git du

Kt tinh

Lc chn khng

Sy kh

acetanilid

ETHYL ACETATE
a. Phn ng chnh:

b. Phn ng ph:

c. C ch phn ng:

7,5ml CH3COOH 10ml C2H5OH

1ml H2SO4 Thm chm

Ester ho

- un si nh - Thi gian: 1h

Chng ct

- Chm - Thu cht lng c t0 < 900C Thu sn phm c t <

20ml s a 10%

Trung ho

Chit

5g Na2SO4 khan

Lm khan

Ly lp lng

Chng ct

T0 < 710C

Hn hp cng ph

NEROLIN
a. Phn ng chnh:

b. Phn ng ph:

c. C ch phn ng:

1. S th nghim: 3g - naphthol 4,2ml CH3OH 0,7ml H2SO4 Thm chm hydrat ha

- Khuy u - Tgian: 5 pht

- un hi lu - Tgian: 1h30

ngui 20ml dd NaOH 10% Trung ha - Khuy u - T0: 500C

Lm lnh

Lc chn khng H2O

Ra

Nerolin th

15ml C2H5OH Ha tan

Lm lnh

(Kt tinh)

Lc

Ngoi kk

Lm kh

Nerolin

TERPIENOL
Tng hp Terpienol t Terpinhydrate bng phn ng dehydrate ha trong mi trng acid. 2. Phn ng chnh, phn ng ph, c ch phn ng: 2.1 Phn ng chnh:

2.2 C ch phn ng: Trong mi trng acid, di tc ng ca nhit cao th Terpinhydrate b tch nc m n ang ngm v c tch loi nc. Nhm OH lin kt vi vng xicloankan s b tch loi to thnh Terpineol. Nhm OH lin kt vi nhnh ca vng xicloankan s b tch loi to thnh -Terpinol v -Terpineol.

C ch ny xy ra khng ng u nn thnh phn % ca cc ng phn trong sn phm s khc nhau.

S khi tin trnh th nghim:

8g Terpinhydrate 100ml H2SO4

un si hon lu

(t = 1gi)

ngui

Tch lp

H2O: 2x30ml

Ra

Tch

ngui

H2O

Chng ct li cun

Lp du vng nht

Chit

Terpineol

1. Mc ch ca qu trnh kt tinh li l tch cc cht rn ra khi hn hp ca n c cht rn c tinh khit cao. 2. Cc tnh cht ca dung mi kt tinh li: Phi tan tt cht ha tan nhit cao, rt t tan nhit thng v lnh. Khng phn ng ha hc vi cht tan. Cc tp cht khng tan trong dung mi nhit cao hoc tan tt nhit thng v lnh. D bay hi khi b mt tinh th. Nhit si ca dung mi phi thp hn nhit nng chy ca cht rn khong 1015oC. 3. Hn hp dung mi c chn phi ha tan ln nhau tt. V d: hn hp dung mi nc-etanol; aceton-nc; acid acetic-nc; cloroform-ete du ha...