APTITUDE

Numbers
Introduction:
Natural Numbers:
All positive integers are natural numbers.
Ex 1,2,3,4,8,......
There are infinite natural numbers and number 1 is the least natural
number.
Based on divisibility there would be two types of natural numbers. They
are
Prime and composite.
Prime Numbers:
A natural number larger than unity is a prime number if it
does not have other divisors except for itself and unity.
Note:-Unity i e,1 is not a prime number.
Properties Of Prime Numbers:
->The lowest prime number is 2.
->2 is also the only even prime number.
->The lowest odd prime number is 3.
->The remainder when a prime number p>=5 s divided by 6 is 1 or
5.However,
if a number on being divided by 6 gives a remainder 1 or 5 need not be
prime.
->The remainder of division of the square of a prime number p>=5 divide
by
24 is 1.
->For prime numbers p>3, p-1 is divided by 24.
->If a and b are any 2 odd primes then a-b is composite. Also a+b
is composite.
->The remainder of the division of the square of a prime number p>=5
divided by 12 is 1.
Process to Check A Number s Prime or not:
Take the square root of the number.
Round of the square root to the next highest integer call this number
as Z.
Check for divisibility of the number N by all prime numbers below Z. If
there is no numbers below the value of Z which divides N then the number
will be prime.
Example 239 is prime or not?
\239 lies between 15 or 16.Hence take the value of Z=16.
Prime numbers less than 16 are 2,3,5,7,11 and 13.
239 is not divisible by any of these. Hence we can conclude that 239
is a prime number.
Composite Numbers:
The numbers which are not prime are known as composite numbers.
Co-Primes:
Two numbers a an b are said to be co-primes,if their H.C.F is 1.
Example (2,3),(4,5),(7,9),(8,11).....
Place value or Local value of a digit in a Number:
place value:
Example 689745132
Place value of 2 is (2*1)=2
Place value of 3 is (3*10)=30 and so on.
Face value:-It is the value of the digit itself at whatever
place it may be.
Example 689745132
Face value of 2 is 2.
Face value of 3 is 3 and so on.
Tests of Divisibility:
Divisibility by 2:-A number is divisible by 2,if its unit's digit is
any of 0,2,4,6,8.
Example 84932 is divisible by 2,while 65935 is not.
Divisibility by 3:-A number is divisible by 3,if the sum of its digits
is
divisible by 3.
Example 1.592482 is divisible by 3,since sum of its digits
5+9+2+4+8+2=30 which is divisible by 3.
Example 2.864329 is not divisible by 3,since sum of its digits
8+6+4+3+2+9=32 which is not divisible by 3.
Divisibility by 4:-A number is divisible by 4,if the number formed by
last
two digits is divisible by 4.
Example 1.892648 is divisible by 4,since the number formed by the last
two digits is 48 divisible by 4.
Example 2.But 749282 is not divisible by 4,since the number formed by
the last two digits is 82 is not divisible by 4.
Divisibility by 5:-A number divisible by 5,if its unit's digit is
either
0 or 5.
Example 20820,50345
Divisibility by 6:-If the number is divisible by both 2 and 3.
example 35256 is clearly divisible by 2
sum of digits =3+5+2+5+21,which is divisible by 3
Thus the given number is divisible by 6.
Divisibility by 8:-A number is divisible by 8 if the last 3 digits
of the number are divisible by 8.
Divisibility by 11:-If the difference of the sum of the digits in the
odd places and the sum of the digitsin the even places is zero or
divisible
by 11.
Example 4832718
(8+7+3+4) - (1+2+8)=11 which is divisible by 11.
Divisibility by 12:-All numbers divisible by 3 and 4 are divisible by
12.
Divisibility by 7,11,13:-The difference of the number of its thousands
and the remainder of its division by 1000 is divisible by 7,11,13.
BASIC FORMULAE:
->(a+b)=a+b+2ab
->(a-b)=a+b-2ab
->(a+b)-(a-b)=4ab
->(a+b)+(a-b)=2(a+b)
->a-b=(a+b)(a-b)
->(a-+b+c)=a+b+c+2(ab+b c+ca)
->a+b=(a+b)(a+b-ab)
->a-b=(a-b)(a+b+ab)
->a+b+c-3a b c=(a+b+c)(a+b+c-ab-b c-ca)
->If a+b+c=0 then a+b+c=3a b c
DIVISION ALGORITHM
If we divide a number by another number ,then
Dividend = (Divisor * quotient) + Remainder
MULTIPLICATION BY SHORT CUT METHODS
1.Multiplication by distributive law:
a)a*(b+c)=a*b+a*c
b)a*(b-c)=a*b-a*c
Example
a)567958*99999=567958*(100000-1)
567958*100000-567958*1
56795800000-567958
56795232042
b)978*184+978*816=978*(184+816)
978*1000=978000
2.Multiplication of a number by 5n:-Put n zeros to the right of the
multiplicand and divide the number so formed by 2n
Example 975436*625=975436*54=9754360000/16=609647500.
PROGRESSION:
A succession of numbers formed and arranged in a definite order
according
to certain definite rule is called a progression.
1.Arithmetic Progression:-If each term of a progression differs from its
preceding term by a constant.
This constant difference is called the common difference of the A.P.
The n th term of this A.P is Tn=a(n-1)+d.
The sum of n terms of A.P Sn=n/2[2a+(n-1)d].
xImportant Results:
a.1+2+3+4+5......................=n(n+1)/2.
b.12+22+32+42+52......................=n(n+1)(2n+1)/6.
c.13+23+33+43+53......................=n2(n+1)2/4
2.Geometric Progression:-A progression of numbers in which every
term bears a constant ratio with ts preceding term.
i.e a,a r,a r2,a r3...............
In G.P Tn=a r n-1
Sum of n terms Sn=a(1-r n)/1-r
Problems
1.Simplify
a.8888+888+88+8
b.11992-7823-456
Solution: a.8888
888
88
8
9872
b.11992-7823-456=11992-(7823+456)
=11992-8279=3713
2.What could be the maximum value of Q in the following equation?
5PQ+3R7+2Q8=1114
Solution: 5 P Q
3 R 7
2 Q 8
11 1 4
2+P+Q+R=11
Maximum value of Q =11-2=9 (P=0,R=0)
3.Simplify: a.5793405*9999 b.839478*625
Solution:
a. 5793405*9999=5793405*(10000-1)
57934050000-5793405=57928256595
b. 839478*625=839478*54=8394780000/16=524673750.
4.Evaluate 313*313+287*287
Solution:
a+b=1/2((a+b)+(a-b))
1/2(313+287) +(313-287)=1/2(600 +26 )
(360000+676)=180338
5.Which of the following is a prime number?
a.241 b.337 c.391
Solution:
a.241
16>\241.Hence take the value of Z=16.
Prime numbers less than 16 are 2,3,5,7,11 and 13.
241 is not divisible by any of these. Hence we can
conclude that 241 is a prime number.
b. 337
19>\337.Hence take the value of Z=19.
Prime numbers less than 16 are 2,3,5,7,11,13 and 17.
337 is not divisible by any of these. Hence we can conclude
that 337 is a prime number.
c. 391
20>\391.Hence take the value of Z=20.
Prime numbers less than 16 are 2,3,5,7,11,13,17 and 19.
391 is divisible by 17. Hence we can conclude
that 391 is not a prime number.
6.Find the unit's digit n the product 2467 153 * 34172?
Solution: Unit's digit in the given product=Unit's digit in 7 153 * 172
Now 7 4 gives unit digit 1
7 152 gives unit digit 1
7 153 gives 1*7=7.Also 172 gives 1
Hence unit's digit in the product =7*1=7.
7.Find the total number of prime factors in 411 *7 5 *112 ?

Solution: 411 7 5 112= (2*2) 11 *7 5 *112
= 222 *7 5 *112
Total number of prime factors=22+5+2=29
8.Which of the following numbers s divisible by 3?
a.541326
b.5967013

Solution: a. Sum of digits in 541326=5+4+1+3+2+6=21 divisible by 3.
b. Sum of digits in 5967013=5+9+6+7+0+1+3=31 not divisible by 3.
9.What least value must be assigned to * so that th number 197*5462 is
divisible by 9?

Solution: Let the missing digit be x
Sum of digits = (1+9+7+x+5+4+6+2)=34+x
For 34+x to be divisible by 9 , x must be replaced by 2
The digit in place of x must be 2.
10.What least number must be added to 3000 to obtain a number exactly
divisible by 19?
Solution:On dividing 3000 by 19 we get 17 as remainder
Therefore number to be added = 19-17=2.
11.Find the smallest number of 6 digits which is exactly divisible by
111?
Solution:Smallest number of 6 digits is 100000
On dividing 10000 by 111 we get 100 as remainder
Number to be added =111-100=11.
Hence,required number =10011.
12.On dividing 15968 by a certain number the quotient is 89 and the
remainder
is 37.Find the divisor?
Solution:Divisor = (Dividend-Remainder)/Quotient
=(15968-37) / 89
=179.
13.A number when divided by 342 gives a remainder 47.When the same
number
is divided by 19 what would be the remainder?
Solution:Number=342 K + 47 = 19 * 18 K + 19 * 2 + 9=19 ( 18K + 2) + 9.
The given number when divided by 19 gives 18 K + 2 as quotient and 9 as
remainder.

14.A number being successively divided by 3,5,8 leaves remainders 1,4,7
respectively. Find the respective remainders if the order of
divisors are reversed?
Solution:Let the number be x.
3 x 5 y - 1 8 z - 4 1 - 7 z=8*1+7=15
y=5z+4 = 5*15+4 = 79
x=3y+1 = 3*79+1=238
Now
8 238
5 29 - 6
3 5 - 4
1 - 2
Respective remainders are 6,4,2.
15.Find the remainder when 231 is divided by 5?
Solution:210 =1024.unit digit of 210 * 210 * 210 is 4 as
4*4*4 gives unit digit 4
unit digit of 231 is 8.
Now 8 when divided by 5 gives 3 as remainder.
231 when divided by 5 gives 3 as remainder.
16.How many numbers between 11 and 90 are divisible by 7?
Solution:The required numbers are 14,21,28,...........,84
This is an A.P with a=14,d=7.
Let it contain n terms
then T =84=a+(n-1)d
=14+(n-1)7
=7+7n
7n=77 =>n=11.
17.Find the sum of all odd numbers up to 100?
Solution:The given numbers are 1,3,5.........99.
This is an A.P with a=1,d=2.
Let it contain n terms 1+(n-1)2=99
=>n=50
Then required sum =n/2(first term +last term)
=50/2(1+99)=2500.
18.How many terms are there in 2,4,6,8..........,1024?
Solution:Clearly 2,4,6........1024 form a G.P with a=2,r=2
Let the number of terms be n
then 2*2 n-1=1024
2n-1 =512=29
n-1=9
n=10.
19.2+22+23+24+25..........+28=?
Solution:Given series is a G.P with a=2,r=2 and n=8.
Sum Sn=a(1-r n)/1-r=Sn=2(1-28)/1-2.
=2*255=510.
20.A positive number which when added to 1000 gives a sum ,
which is greater than when it is multiplied by 1000.The positive
integer is?
a.1 b.3 c.5 d.7
Solution:1000+N>1000N
clearly N=1.
21.The sum of all possible two digit numbers formed from three
different one digit natural numbers when divided by the sum of the
original three numbers is equal to?
a.18 b.22 c.36 d. none
Solution:Let the one digit numbers x,y,z
Sum of all possible two digit numbers=
=(10x+y)+(10x+z)+(10y+x)+(10y+z)+(10z+x)+(10z+y)
= 22(x+y+z)
Therefore sum of all possible two digit numbers when divided by sum of
one digit numbers gives 22.
22.The sum of three prime numbers is 100.If one of them exceeds another
by
36 then one of the numbers is?
a.7 b.29 c.41 d67.
Solution:x+(x+36)+y=100
2x+y=64
Therefore y must be even prime which is 2
2x+2=64=>x=31.
Third prime number =x+36=31+36=67.
23.A number when divided by the sum of 555 and 445 gives two times
their difference as quotient and 30 as remainder .The number is?
a.1220 b.1250 c.22030 d.220030.
Solution:Number=(555+445)*(555-445)*2+30
=(555+445)*2*110+30
=220000+30=220030.
24.The difference between two numbers s 1365.When the larger number is
divided by the smaller one the quotient is 6 and the remainder is 15.
The smaller number is?
a.240 b.270 c.295 d.360
Solution:Let the smaller number be x, then larger number =1365+x
Therefore 1365+x=6x+15
5x=1350 => x=270
Required number is 270.
25.In doing a division of a question with zero remainder,a candidate
took 12 as divisor instead of 21.The quotient obtained by him was 35.
The correct quotient is?
a.0 b.12 c.13 d.20
Solution:Dividend=12*35=420.
Now dividend =420 and divisor =21.
Therefore correct quotient =420/21=20.
H.C.F AND L.C.M
Facts And Formulae:
1.Highest Common Factor:(H.C.F) or Greatest Common
Meaure(G.C.M) :

The H.C.F of two or more than two numbers
is the greatest
number that divides each of them exactly.
There are two methods :
1.Factorization method: Express each one
of the given numbers as the product of prime
factors.
The product of least powers of common prime
factors gives HCF.
Example : Find HCF of 2
6
* 3
2
*5*7
4
, 2
2
*3
5
*5
2
* 7
6
,
2*5
2
*7
2
Sol: The prime numbers given common numbers are
2,5,7
Therefore HCF is 2
2
* 5 *7
2
.
2.Division Method : Divide the larger number by
smaller one. Now divide the divisor by
remainder. Repeat the process
of dividing preceding number last obtained till
zero is obtained as
number. The last divisor is HCF.

Example: Find HCF of 513, 1134, 1215
Sol:
1134) 1215(1
1134
----------
81)1134(14
81
-----------
324
324
-----------
0
-----------
HCF of this two numbers is 81.
81)513(6
486
--------
27)81(3
81
-----
0
---
HCF of 81 and 513 is 27.
3.Least common multiple[LCM] : The least number which
is
divisible by each one of given
numbers is LCM.
There are two methods for this:
1.Factorization method :
Resolve each one into product of prime factors.

Then LCM is product of highest powers
of all factors.
2.Common division method.
Problems:
1.The HCF of 2 numbers is 11 and LCM is 693.If
one
of numbers is 77.find other.
Sol: Other number = 11 * 693/77=99.
2.Find largest number of 4 digits divisible by
12,15,18,27
Sol: The largest number is 9999.
LCM of 12,15,18,27 is 540.
on dividing 9999 by 540 we get 279 as remainder.
Therefore
number =9999 C 279 =9720.
3.Find least number which when divided by 20,25,35,40
leaves remainders 14,19,29,34.
Sol:
20C14=6
25-19=6
35-29=6
40-34=6

Therefore number =LCM of (20,25,35,40) - 6=1394
4.252 can be expressed as prime as :
2 252
2 126
3 63
3 21
7
prime factor is 2 *2 * 3 * 3 *7
5.1095/1168 when expressed in simple form is

1095)1168(1
1095
------
73)1095(15
73
---------
365
365
---------
0
----------
So, HCF is 73

Therefore
1095/1168 = 1095/73/1168/73= 15/16
6.GCD of 1.08,0.36,0.9 is

Sol:
HCF of 108,36,90
36)90(2
72
----
18)36(2
36
----
0
----
HCF is 18.
HCF of 18 and 108 is 18
18)108(6
108
-------
0
--------
Therefore HCF =0.18
7.Three numbers are in ratio 1:2:3 and HCF is 12.Find
numbers.
Sol:
Let the numbers be x.
Three numbers are x,2x,3x
Therefore
HCF is
2x)3x(1
2x
-----
x)2x(2
2x
--------
0
-------------
HCF is x so, x is 12
Therefore numbers are 12,24,36.
8.The sum of two numbers is 216 and HCF is 27.
Sol:
Let numbers are
27a + 27 b =216
a + b =216/27=8

Co-primes of 8 are (1,7) and (3,5)
numbers=(27 * 1 ), (27 * 7)
=27,89
9.LCM of two numbers is 48..The numbers are in ratio
2:3.
The sum of numbers is
Sol:
Let the number be x.
Numbers are 2x,3x
LCM of 2x,3x is 6x
Therefore
6x=48
x=8.
Numbers are 16 and 24
Sum=16 +24=40.
10.HCF and LCM of two numbers are 84 and 21.If ratio
of
two numbers is 1:4.Then largest of two numbers is
Sol:

Let the numbers be x,4x
Then x * 4x = 84 * 21
x
2
=84 * 21 /4
x = 21
Largest number is 4 * 21.
11.HCF of two numbers is 23,and other factors of LCM
are
13,14.Largest number is
Sol:
23 * 14 is Largest number.
12.The maximum number of students among them 1001
pens
and 910 pencils can be distributed in such a way
that
each student gets same number of pens and pencils is
?
Sol:
HCF of 1001 and 910
910)1001(1
910
------------
91)910(10
910
--------
0
---------
Therefore HCF=91
13.The least number which should be added to 2497 so
that sum is
divisible by 5,6,4,3 ?
Sol: LCM of 5,6,4,3 is 60.
On dividing 2497 by 60 we get 37 as remainder.
Therefore number to added is 60 C 37 =23.
Answer is 23.
14.The least number which is a perfect square and is
divisible by
each of numbers 16,20,24 is ?
Sol: LCM of 16,20,24 is 240.
2 * 2*2*2*3*5=240
To make it a perfect square multiply by 3 * 5
Therefore 240 * 3 * 5=3600
Answer is 3600.

DECIMAL FRACTIONS
1.Decimal fractions: Fractionin which denominations
are powers of 10 are decimal
fractions.
1 /10 = 0.1, 1 / 100 = 0.01
2.Convertion of Decimal into fraction:-
eg: 0.25 = 25/100 = 1/4
3.i) If numerator and denominator contain same number
of decimal places,
then we remove decimal sign. Thus,
1.84/2.99 =184/299
PROBLEMS:
1.0.75 =75/100 =3/4
2.Find porducts= 6.3204*100
= 632.04
3.2.61*1.3=261*13=3393
some of decimal places 2 +1 =3
= 3.393
4.If 1/3.718 =0.2689,then find value of 1/0.0003718 ?
Sol: 10000/3.718 =10000*1/3.718
=10000*0.2689
= 2689
5.Find fractions :
i) 0.37 = 37/99
ii)3.142857 =3+0.142857
=3 +142857/999999
= 3 142857/ 999999
iii) 0.17=17-1/90 =16/90=8/45
iv)0.1254 =1254 -12/9900 =1242/9900=69/550
6.Fraction 101 27/100000
Sol: 101+27/100000
=101+0.00027
=101.00027
7.If 47.2506 =4A + 7/B +2C + 5/D + 6E then
40+7+0.2+0.05+0.0006
Sol: compairing terms
4A= 40 => A=10
7/B = 7 => B=1
2C= 0.2=> C=0.1
5/D= 0.05=>D=5/0.05 =>5*100/5 =100
6E= 0.0006=> E= 0.0001
5A + 3B+6C+ D+ 3E = 5*10+ 3*1+ 6*0.1 + 100+ 3*0.0001
=50+3+0.6+100+0.0003
=153.6003
8.4.036 divided by 0.04
Sol: 4.036/0.04 =4036/4 =100.9
9.[ 0.05/0.25 + 0.25/ 0.05]3
Sol: =>[5/25 + 25/5]
= [1/5+ 5]3
=26/53
=5.23
= 140.603
10.The least among the following :-
a. 0.2 b.1/0.2 c. 0.2 d. 0.22
10/2 =5 0.2222 0.04 0.04 < 0.2 < 0.22
--------<5
Since 0.04 is least (0.2)2 is least.
11.Let F= 0.84181
Sol: when F is written as a fraction in lowest terms,
denominator exceeds
numerator by
84181 -841 /99000 = 83340/99000 =463/550
Required distence = (550 C 463) = 87
12.2 .75 + 3.78
Sol: [-2+0.75]+[-3+0.78]
=-5+[0.75+0.78]
= -5+1.53
=-5+1+0.53
= -4+0.53
= 4.53
13.the sum of first 20 terms of series is 1/5*6
+1/6*7+1/7*8-------------
Sol: [1/5 -1/6]+[1/6-1/7]+[1/7-
1/8]+------------------------
= [1/5-1/25]
=4/25=0.16
14.13 +23+ ------------+93 =2025
Sol: value of (0.11) 3+ (0.22) 3+---------(0.99)3 =>
(0.11) [1+2+--------+9]
=0.001331*2025
=2.695275
15.(0.96)3 C (0.1)3/ (0.96)2 +0.096 +(0.1)2
Sol: formula => a3 -b3/a2 +ab +b2 =a -b
(0.96-0.1)=0.86
16.3.6*0.48*2.50 / 0.12*0.09*0.5
Sol: 36*48*250/12*9*5=800
17.find x/y = 0.04/1.5
= 4/150 =2/75
find y-x/y+x
(1- x/y) / (1+ x/y)
1 - 2/75 /1 +2/75 =73/77
18.0.3467+0.1333
Sol: 3467 -34/9900 + 1333-13/9900
= 3433 +1320/9900
= 4753/9900
= 4801 -48/9900 =0.4301
Simplifications
Introduction:
'BODMAS' rule: This rule depicts the correct sequence in which
the operations are to be executed, so as to find out the value of
a given expression.
Here B stands for Bracket, O for Of, D for Division, M for
Multiplication, A for Addition and S for Subtraction.
First of all the brackets must be removed, strictly in the
order () , {} , [].
After removing the brackets, we want use the following operations:
1.Of 2. Division 3. Multiplication 4. Addition 5. Subtraction
Modulus of a real number:
Modulus of a real number is a defined as
|a| = a, if a>0 or -a, if a < 0;
Problems:
1.(5004 /139) - 6= ?
Sol: Expression = 5004/ 139 - 6 = 36 - 6 = 30;
2.What mathematical operations should come at the place of ? in the
equation : (2 ? 6 - 12 / 4 + 2 = 11) ?
Sol: 2 ? 6 = 11 + 12 / 4 - 2
= 11 + 3 - 2
= 12
2 * 6 = 12
3.( 8 / 88) * 8888088 = ?
Sol : (1/11) * 8888088 = 808008
4.How many 1/8's are there in 371/2 ?
Sol: (371/2) /(1/8)= (75/2) /(1/8) = 300
5.Find the values of 1/2*3 +1/3*4 +1/4*5+ .................+1/9*10 ?
Sol: 1/2*3 +1/3*4+1/4*5+ ..................+1/9*10
= [ -1/3] +[ 1/3 - ] + [- 1/5] +...............+[1/9-1/10]
= [ - 1/10]
= 4/15 = 2/5

6.The value of 999 of 995/999* 999 is:
Sol: [1000- 4/1000]*999 = 999000-4
= 998996
7.Along a yard 225m long, 26 trees are planted at equal distance, one
tree being at each end of the yard. what is the distance between two
consecutive trees ?
Sol: 26 trees have 25 gaps between them.
Hence , required distance = 225/ 25 m= 9m
8.In a garden , there are 10 rows and 12 columns of mango trees. the
distance between the two trees is 2 m and a distance of one meter is
left from all sides of the boundary of the length of the garden is :
Sol: Each row contains 12 plants.
leaving 2 corner plants, 10 plants in between have 10 * 2 meters and
1 meter on each side is left.
length = (20 + 2) m = 22m
9.Eight people are planning to share equally the cost of a rental car,
if one person with draws from the arrangement and the others share
equally the entire cost of the car, then the share of each of the
remaining persons increased by?
Sol: Original share of one person = 1/8
new share of one person = 1/7
increase = 1/7 - 1/8 = 1/56
required fractions = (1/56)/(1/8) = 1/7
10.A piece of cloth cost Rs 35. if the length of the piece would
have been 4m longer and each meter cost Re 1 less , the cost
would have remained unchanged. how long is the piece?
Sol: Left the length of the piece be x m.
then, cost of 1m of piece = Rs [35 / x]
35/ x - 35 /x+4 = 1
x + 4 - x = x(x+ 4)/35
x2 + 4x - 140 = 0
x= 10
11.A man divides Rs 8600 among 5sons, 4 daughters and 2 nephews.
If each daughter receives four times as much as each nephew, and
each son receives five as much as each nephew. how much does each
daughter receive ?
Sol:
Let the share of each nephew be Rs x.
then, share of each daughter Rs 4x.
share of each son = 5x Rs
so, 5 *5x+ 4 * 4x + 2x =8600
2x + 16x + 25x= 8600
43x = 8600
x = 200
share of each daughter = 4 * 200 = Rs 800
12.A man spends 2/5 of his salary on house rent, 3/10 of his salary
on food, and 1/8 of his salary on conveyance. if he has Rs 1400 left
with him, find his expenditure on food and conveyance?
Sol: Part of the salary left = 1-[2/5 +3/10+1/9]
= 1- 33/40
=7/40
Let the monthly salary be rs x
then, 7/40 of x = 1400
x= [1400*40]/7
x= 8000
Expenditure on food = 3/10*8000 =Rs 2400
Expenditure on conveyance= 1/8*8000 =Rs 1000
Averages
Formula:
1.Average=Sum of quantities/Number of quantities.
2.Suppose a man covers a certain distance at x kmph
and an equal distance at y kmph ,then the average speed
during the whole journey is (2xy/x+y) kmph.
Examples:
1.Find the average of all these numbers.142,147,153,165,157.
Solution:
142 147 153 165 157
Here consider the least number i.e, 142
comparing with others,
142 147 153 165 157
+5 +11 +23 +15
Now add 5+11+23+15 = 52/5 = 10.8
Now add 10.8 to 142 we get 152.8
(Average of all these numbers).
Answer is 152.8
2.Find the average of all these numbers.4,10,16,22,28
Solution:
4,10,16,22,28
As the difference of number is 6
Then the average of these numbers is central one i.e, 16.
Answer is 16.
3.Find the average of all these numbers.4,10,16,22,28,34.
Solution:
Here also difference is 6.
Then middle numbers 16,22 take average of these
two numbers 16+22/2=19
Therefore the average of these numbers is 19.
Answer is 19.
4.The average marks of a marks of a student in 4 Examination
is 40.If he got 80 marks in 5th Exam then what is
his new average.
Solution:
4*40+80=240
Then average means 240/5=48.
Answer is 48.
5.In a group the average income of 6 men is 500 and that
of 5 women is 280, then what is average income of the group.
Solution:
6*500+5*280=4400
then average is 4400/11=400.
Another Method: here consider for 6 men
6 men C each 500.
so 5th women is 280.
then 500-280=220.
then 220*6/11=120.
therefore 120+280=400.
Answer is 400.
6.The average weight of a class of 30 students is 40 kgs if the
teacher weight is included then average increases by 2 kgs then
find the weight of the teacher?
Solution:
30 students average weight is 40 kgs.
So,when teacher weight is added it increases by 2 kgs
so total 31 persons ,therefore 31*2=62.
Now add the average weight of all student to it
we get teachers weight i.e, 62+40=102 kgs.
Answer is 102 kgs.
7.The average age of Mr and Mrs Sharma 4 years ago is 28 years .
If the present average age of Mr and Mrs Sharma and their son
is 22 years. What is the age of their son.
Solution:
4 years ago their average age is 28 years.
So their present average age is 32 years.
32 years for Mr and Mrs Sharma then 32*2=64 years.
Then present age including their son is 22 years.
So 22*3 =66 years.
Therefore son age will be 66-64 = 2 years.
Answer is 2 years.
8.The average price of 10 books is increased by 17 Rupees when
one of them whose value is Rs.400 is replaced by a new book.
What is the price of new book?
Solution:
10 books Average increases by 17 Rupees
so 10*17= 170.
so the new book cost is more and by adding its cost average
increase,therefore the cost of new book is 400+170=570Rs.
Answer is 570 Rs.
9.The average marks of girls in a class is 62.5. The average marks
of 4 girls among them is 60.The average marks of remaining girls
is 63,then what is the number of girls in the class?
Solution:
Total number of girls be x+4.
Average marks of 4 girls is 60.
therefore 62.5-60=2.5
then 4*2.5 =10.
the average of remaining girls is 63
here 0.5 difference therefore 0.5*x=10(since we got from 4 girls)
(this is taken becoz both should be equal)
x=10/0.5
x=20.
This clear says that remaining are 20 girls
therefore total is x+4=20+4=24 girls
Answer is 24 girls.

10.Find the average of first 50 natural numbers.
Solution:
Sum of the Natural Numbers is n(n+1)/2
therefore for 50 Natural numbers 50*51/2=775.
the average is 775/50=15.5
Answer is 15.5 .
11.The average of the first nine prime number is?
Solution:
Prime numbers are 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23
therefore 2+3+5+7+11+13+17+19+23=100
then the average 100/9= 11 1/9.
Answer is 11 1/9.
12.The average of 2,7,6 and x is 5 and the average of and the
average of 18,1,6,x and y is 10 .what is the value of y?
Solution:
2+7+6+x/4=5
=>15+x=20
=>x=5.
18+1+6+x+y/5=10
=>25+5+y=50
=>y=20.
13.The average of a non-zero number and its square is 5 times the
number.The number is
Solution:
The number be x
then x+x2/2=5x
=>x2-9x=0
=>x(x-9)=0
therefore x=0 or x=9.
The number is 9.
14.Nine persons went to a hotel for taking their meals . Eight of
them spent Rs.12 each on their meals and the ninth spent Rs.8 then
the average expenditure of all the nine. What was the total money
spent by them?
Solution:
The average expenditure be x.
then 8*12+(x+8)=9x
=>96+x+8=9x.
=>8x=104
=>x=13
Total money spent =9x=>9*13=117
Answer is Rs.117
15.The average weight of A.B.C is 45 Kgs.If the average weight of
A and B be 40 Kgs and that of Band C be 43 Kgs. Find the weight of B?
Solution:
The weight of A,B,Care 45*3=135 Kgs.
The weight of A,B are 40*2=80 Kgs.
The weight of B,C are 43*2=86 Kgs.
To get the Weight of B.
(A+B)+(B+C)-(A+B+C)=80+86-135
B=31 kgs.
Answer is 31 Kgs.
16.The sum of three consecutive odd number is 48 more than the average
of these number .What is the first of these numbers?
Solution:
let the three consecutive odd numbers are x, x+2, x+4.
By adding them we get x+x+2+x+4=3x+6.
Then 3x+6-(3x+6)/3=38(given)
=>2(3x+6)=38*3.
=>6x+12=114
=>6x=102
=>x=17.
Answer is 17.
17.A family consists of grandparents,parents and three grandchildren.
The average age of the grandparents is 67 years,that of parents is 35
years and that of the grand children is 6 years . What is the average
age of the family?
Solution:
grandparents age is 67*2=134
parents age is 35*2=70
grandchildren age is 6*3=18
therefore age of family is 134+70+18=222
average is 222/7=31 5/7 years.
Answer is 31 5/7 years.

18.A library has an average of 510 visitors on Sundays and 240 on
other days .The average number of visitors per day in a month 30
days beginning with a Sunday is?
Solution:
Here specified that month starts with Sunday
so, in a month there are 5 Sundays.
Therefore remaining days will be 25 days.
510*5+240*25=2550+6000
=8550 visitors.
The average visitors are 8550/30=285.
Answer is 285.
19.The average age of a class of 39 students is 15 years .
If the age of the teacher be included ,then average
increases by 3 months. Find the age of the teacher.
Solution: Total age for 39 persons is 39*15=585 years.
Now 40 persons is 40* 61/4=610 years
(since 15 years 3 months=15 3/12=61/4)
Age of the teacher =610-585 years
=>25 years.
Answer is 25 years.
20.The average weight of a 10 oarsmen in a boat is increases
by 1.8 Kgs .When one of the crew ,who weighs 53 Kgs is
replaced by new man. Find the weight of the new man.
Solution: Weight of 10 oars men is increases by 1.8 Kgs
so, 10*1.8=18 Kgs
therefore 53+18=71 Kgs will be the weight of the man.
Answer is 71 Kgs.
21.A bats man makes a score of 87 runs in the 17th inning
and thus increases his average by 3. Find the average
after 17th inning.
Solution: Average after 17 th inning =x
then for 16th inning is x-3.
Therefore 16(x-3)+87 =17x
=>x=87-48
=>x=39.
Answer is 39.
22.The average age of a class is 15.8 years .The average age
of boys in the class is 16.4 years while that of the girls
is 15.4 years .What is the ratio of boys to girls in the class.
Solution: Ratio be k:1 then
k*16.4 + 1*15.4 = (k+1)*15.8
=>(16.4-15.8)k=15.8-15.4
=>k=0.4/0.6
=>k=2/3
therefore 2/3:1=>2:3
Answer is 2:3
23.In a cricket eleven ,the average of eleven players is
28 years .Out of these ,the average ages of three groups
of players each are 25 years,28 years, and 30 years
respectively. If in these groups ,the captain and the
youngest player are not included and the captain is
eleven years older than the youngest players ,
what is the age of the captain?
Solution: let the age of youngest player be x
then ,age of the captain =(x+11)
therefore 3*25 + 3*28 + 3*30 + x + x+11=11*28
=>75+84+90+2x+11=308
=>2x=48
=>x=24.
Therefore age of the captain =(x+11)= 24+11= 35 years.
Answer is 35 years.

24.The average age of the boys in the class is twice
the number of girls in the class .If the ratio of
boys and girls in the class of 36 be 5:1, what is
the total of the age (in years) of the boys in the class?
Solution: Number of boys=36*5/6=30
Number of girls =6
Average age of boys =2*6=12 years
Total age of the boys=30*12=360 years
Answer is 360 years.
25.Five years ago, the average age of P and Q was
15 years ,average age of P,Q, and R today is
20 years,how old will R be after 10 years?
Solution: Age of P and Q are 15*2=30 years
Present age of P and Q is 30+5*2=40 years.
Age of P Q and R is 20*3= 60 years.
R ,present age is 60-40=20 years
After 10 years =20+10=30 years.
Answer is 30 years.
26.The average weight of 3 men A,B and C is 84 Kgs.
Another man D joins the group and the average now
becomes 80 Kgs.If another man E whose weight is
3 Kgs more than that of D ,replaces A then the
average weight B,C,D and E becomes 79 Kgs.
The weight of A is.
Solution:Total weight of A, B and C is 84 * 3 =252 Kgs.
Total weight of A,B,C and Dis 80*4=320 Kgs
Therefore D=320-252=68 Kgs.
E weight (68+3)=71 kgs
Total weight of B,C,D and E = 79*4=316 Kgs
(A+B+C+D)-(B+C+D+E)=320-316 =4Kgs
A-E=4Kgs
A-71=4 kgs
A=75 Kgs
Answer is 75 kgs
27.A team of 8 persons joins in a shooting competition.
The best marksman scored 85 points.If he had scored
92 points ,the average score for the team would
have been 84.The team scored was.
Solution: Here consider the total score be x.
therefore x+92-85/8=84
=>x+7=672
=>x=665.
Answer is 665
28.A man whose bowling average is 12.4,takes 5 wickets
for 26 runs and there by decrease his average by 0.4.
The number of wickets,taken by him before his last match is:
Solution: Number of wickets taken before last match be x.
therefore 12.4x26/x+5=12(since average decrease by 0.4
therefore 12.4-0.4=12)
=>12.4x+2612x+60
=>0.4x=34
=>x=340/4
=>x=85.
Answer is 85.
29.The mean temperature of Monday to Wednesday was 37 degrees
and of Tuesday to Thursday was 34 degrees .If the
temperature on Thursday was 4/5th that of Monday.
The temperature on Thursday was:
Solution:
The total temperature recorded on Monday,Wednesday was 37*3=111.
The total temperature recorded on Tuesday,
Wednesday,Thursday was 34*3=102.
and also given that Th=4/5M
=>M=5/4Th
(M+T+W)-(T+W+Th)=111-102=9
M-Th=9
5/4Th-Th=9
Th(1/4)=9
=>Th=36 degrees.
30. 16 children are to be divided into two groups A and B
of 10 and 6 children. The average percent marks obtained
by the children of group A is 75 and the average percent
marks of all the 16 children is 76. What is the average
percent marks of children of groups B?
Solution: Here given average of group A and whole groups .
So,(76*16)-(75*10)/6
=>1216-750/6
=>466/6=233/3=77 2/3
Answer is 77 2/3.
31.Of the three numbers the first is twice the second and
the second is twice the third .The average of the reciprocal
of the numbers is 7/72,the number are.
Solution:Let the third number be x
Let the second number be 2x.
Let the first number be 4x.
Therefore average of the reciprocal means
1/x+1/2x+1/4x=(7/72*3)
7/4x=7/24
=>4x=24
x=6.
Therefore
First number is 4*6=24.
Second number is 2*6=12
Third number is 1*6=6
Answer is 24,12,6.
32.The average of 5 numbers is 7.When 3 new numbers
are added the average of the eight numbers is 8.5.
The average of the three new number is:
Solution: Sum of three new numbers=(8*8.5-5*7)=33
Their average =33/3=11.
Answer is 11.
33.The average temperature of the town in the first
four days of a month was 58 degrees. The average
for the second ,third,fourth and fifth days was
60 degree .If the temperature of the first and
fifth days were in the ratio 7:8 then what is
the temperature on the fifth day?
Solution :
Sum of temperature on 1st 2nd 3rd
and 4th days =58*4=232 degrees.
Sum of temperature on 2nd 3rd 4th
and 5th days =60*4=240 degrees
Therefore 5th day temperature is 240-232=8 degrees.
The ratio given for 1st and 5th days be 7x and 8x degrees
then 8x-7x=8
=>x=8.
therefore temperature on the 5th day =8x=8*8=64 degrees.
ro!lems on Ages
Simple problems:
1.The present age of a father is 3 years more than three times
the age of his son.Three years hence,fatherCs age will be 10
years more than twice the age of the son.Find the present age
of the father.
Solution: Let the present age be 'x' years.
Then father's present age is 3x+3 years.
Three years hence
(3x+3)+3=2(x+3)+10
x=10
Hence father's present age = 3x+3 = 33 years.
2. One year ago the ratio of Ramu & Somu age was 6:7respectively.
Four years hence their ratio would become 7:8. How old is Somu.
Solution: Let us assume Ramu &Somu ages are x &y respectively.
One year ago their ratio was 6:7
i.e x-1 / y-1 = 7x-6y=1
Four years hence their ratios,would become 7:8
i.e x-4 / y-4 = 7 / 8
8x-7y=-4
From the above two equations we get y= 36 years.
i.e Somu present age is 36 years.
3. The total age of A &B is 12 years more than the total age of
B&C. C is how many year younger than A.
Solution: From the given data
A+B = 12+(B+C)
A+B-(B+C) = 12
A-C=12 years.
C is 12 years younger than A
4. The ratio of the present age of P & Q is 6:7. If Q is 4 years
old than P. what will be the ratio of the ages of P & Q after
4 years.
Solution: The present age of P & Q is 6:7 i.e
P / Q = 6 / 7
Q is 4 years old than P i.e Q = P+4.
P/ P+4 = 6/7
7P-6P = 24,
P = 24 , Q = P+4 =24+4 = 28
After 4 years the ratio of P &Q is
P+4:Q+4
24+4 : 28+4 = 28:32 = 7:8
5. The ratio of the age of a man & his wife is 4:3.After 4 years this
ratio will be 9:7. If the time of marriage the ratio was 5:3,
then how many years ago were they married.
Solution: The age of a man is 4x .
The age of his wife is 3x.
After 4 years their ratio's will be 9:7 i.e
4x+4 / 3x+4 = 9 / 7
28x-27x=36-28
x = 8.
Age of a man is 4x = 4*8 = 32 years.
Age of his wife is 3x = 3*8 = 24 years.
Let us assume 'y' years ago they were married ,
the ratio was 5:3 ,i.e
32-y / 24-y = 5/ 3
y=12 years
i.e 12 years ago they were married

6. Sneh's age is 1/6th of her father's age.Sneh's father's age will
be twice the age of Vimal's age after 10 years. If VimalCs eight
birthday was celebrated two years before,then what is Sneh's
present age.
a) 6 2/3 years b) 24 years c) 30 years d) None of the above

Solution: Assume SnehCs age is 'x' years.
Assume her fathers age is 'y' years.
SnehCs age is 1/6 of her fathers age i.e x = y /6.
FatherCs age will be twice of Vimal's age after 10
years.
i.e y+10 = 2( V+10)( where 'V' is the Vimal's age)
Vimal's eight birthday was celebrated two years before,
Then the Vimal's present age is 10 years.
Y+10 = 2(10+10)
Y=30 years.
Sneh's present age x = y/6
x = 30/6 = 5 years.
Sneh's present age is 5 years.
7.The sum of the ages of the 5 children's born at the intervals of
3 years each is 50 years what is the age of the youngest child.
a) 4 years b) 8 years c) 10 years d)None of the above

Solution: Let the age of the children's be
x ,x+3, x+6, x+9, x+12.
x+(x+3)+(x+6)+(x+9)+(x+12) = 50
5x+30 = 50
5x = 20
x=4.
Age of the youngest child is x = 4 years.
8. If 6 years are subtracted from the present age of Gagan and
the remainder is divided by 18,then the present age of his
grandson Anup is obtained. If Anup is 2 years younger to Madan
whose age is 5 years,then what is Gagan's present age.
a) 48 years b)60 years c)84 years d)65 years

Solution: Let us assume Gagan present age is 'x' years.
Anup age = 5-2 = 3 years.
(x-6) / 18 = 3
x-6 = 54
x=60 years
9.My brother is 3 years elder to me. My father was 28 years of
age when my sister was born while my father was 26 years of age
when i was born. If my sister was 4 years of age when my brother
was born,then what was the age my father and mother respectively
when my brother was born.
a) 32 yrs, 23yrs b)32 yrs, 29yrs c)35 yrs,29yrs d)35yrs,33 yrs
Solution: My brother was born 3 years before I was born & 4
years after my sister was born.
Father's age when brother was born = 28+4 = 32 years.
Mother's age when brother was born = 26-3 = 23 years.
S"RDS AND INDICES
Simple problems:
1. Laws of Indices:

(i) am * an = a(m+n)
(ii) am / an = a(m-n)
(iii) (am)n = a(m*n)
(iv) (ab)n = an * bn
(v) (a/b)n = an / bn
(vi) a0 = 1
2.Surds :Let 'a' be a rational number & 'n' be a positive
integer such that a1/n = nth root a is irrational.Then nth
root a is called 'a' surd of 'n'.
Problems:-
(1)
(i) (27)2/3 = (33)2/3 = 32 = 9.
(ii) (1024)-4/5 = (45)-4/5 = (4)-4= 1/(4)4 = 1/256.
(iii)(8/125)-4/3 =((2/5)3)-4/3 = (2/5)-4 = (5/2)4 = 625/16
(2) If 2(x-1)+ 2(x+1) = 1280 then find the value of x .
Solution: 2x/2+2x.2 = 1280
2x(1+22) = 2*1280
2x = 2560/5
2x = 512 => 2x = 29
x = 9
(3) Find the value of [5[81/3+271/3]3]1/4

Solution: [5[(23)1/3+(33)1/3]3]1/4
[5[2+3]3]1/4
[54]1/4 => 5.
(4) If (1/5)3y= 0.008 then find the value of (0.25)y
Solution: (1/5)3y = 0.008
(1/5)3y =[0.2]3
(1/5)3y =(1/5)3
3y= 3 => y=1.
(0.25)y = (0.25)1 => 0.25 = 25/100 = 1/4

(5) Find the value of (243)n/5 * 32n+1 / 9n * 3 n-1

Solution: (35)n/5 * 32n +1 / (32)n * 3n-1
33n+1 / 33n-1 3
33n+1 * 3-3n+1 => 32 =>9.
(6) Find the value of (21/4-1)( 23/4 +21/2+21/4+1)

Solution: Let us say 21/4 = x
(x-1)(x3+x2+x+1)
(x-1)(x2(x+1)+(x+1))
(x-1) (x2+1) (x+1) [(x-1)(x+1) = (x2-1)]
(x2+1) (x2-1) => (x4-1)
((21/4))4 - 1) = > (2-1) = > 1.
(7) If x= ya , y = zb , z = xc then find the value
of abc.
Solution: z= xc
z= (ya)c [ x= ya ]
z= (y)ac
z= (zb)ac [y= zb]
z= zabc
abc = 1
(8)Simplify (xa/xb)a2+ab+b2*(xb/xc)b2+bc+c2*(xc/xa)c2+ca+a2
Solution:[xa-b]a2+ab+b2 * [xb-c]b2+bc+c2 * [xc-a]c2+ca+a2

[ (a-b)(a2+ab+b2) = a3-b3]

from the above formula
=> xa3-b3 xb3-c3 xc3-a3
=> xa3-b3+b3-c3+c3-a3
=> x0 = 1
(9) (1000)7 /1018 = ?
(a) 10 (b) 100 (c ) 1000 (d) 10000

Solution: (1000)7 / 1018
(103)7 / (10)18 = > (10)21 / (10)18

=> (10)21-18 => (10)3 => 1000
Ans :( c )
(10) The value of (8-25-8-26) is

(a) 7* 8-25 (b) 7*8-26 (c ) 8* 8-26 (d) None
Solution: ( 8-25 - 8-26 )
=> 8-26 (8-1 )
=> 7* 8-26
Ans: (b)

(11) 1 / (1+ an-m ) +1/ (1+am-n) = ?
(a) 0 (b) 1/2 (c ) 1 (d) an+m

Solution: 1/ (1+ an/am) + 1/ ( 1+ am/an)
=> am / (am+ an ) + an /(am +an )
=> (am +an ) /(am + an)
=> 1
Ans: ( c)
(12) 1/(1+xb-a+xc-a)+1/(1+xa-b+xc-b)+1/(1+xb-c+xa-c)=?

(a) 0 (b) 1 ( c ) xa-b-c (d) None of the above
Solution: 1/ (1+xb/xa+xc/xa) + 1/(1+xa/xb +xc/xb) +
1/(1+xb/xc +xa/xc)
=> xa /(xa +xb+xc) + xb/(xa +xb+xc) +xc/(xa +xb+xc)
=>(xa +xb+xc) /(xa +xb+xc)
=>1
Ans: (b)
(13) If x=3+2 `s2 then the value of (`sx C 1/ `sx)
is [ `s=root]
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c ) 2`s2 ( d) 3`s3

Solution: (`sx-1/`sx)2 = x+ 1/x-2
=> 3+2`s2 + (1/3+2`s2 )-2
=> 3+2`s2 + 3-2`s2 -2
=> 6-2 = 4
(`sx-1/`sx)2 = 4
=>(`sx-1/`sx)2 = 22
(`sx-1/`sx) = 2.
Ans : (b)
(14) (xb/xc)b+c-a (xc/xa)c+a-b (xa/xb)b+a-c = ?
(a) xabc (b) 1 ( c) xab+bc+ca (d) xa+b+c

Solution: [xb-c]b+c-a [xc-a]c+a-b [xa-b]a+b-c

=>x(b-c)(b+c-a) x(c-a)(c+a-b) x(a-b)(a+b-c)
=>x(b2-c2-ab-ac) x(c2-a2-bc-ab) x(a2-b2-ac-bc)
=>x(b2-c2-ab-ac+c2-a2-bc-ab+a2-b2-ac-bc)
=> x0
=>1
Ans: (b)

(15) If 3x-y = 27 and 3x+y = 243 then x is equal to

(a) 0 (b) 2 (c ) 4 (d) 6
Solution: 3x-y = 27 => 3x-y = 33
x-y= 3
3x+y = 243 => 3x+y = 35
x+y = 5
From above two equations x = 4 , y=1
Ans: (c )
(16) If ax = by = cz and b2 = ac then CyCequals

(a)xz/x+z (b)xz/2(x-z) (c)xz/2(z-x) (d)2xz/x+z
Solution: Let us say ax = by = cz = k
ax =k => [ax]1/x = k1/x
=> a = k1/x
Simillarly b = k1/y
c = k1/z
b2 = ac
[k1/y]2=k1/xk1/z
=>k2/y = k1/x+1/z
=> 2/y = 1/x+1/y
=>y= 2xz/x+z
Ans: (d)
(17) ax = b,by = c ,cz = a then the value of
xyz is is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c ) 1/abc (d) abc

Solution: ax = b
(cz)x = b [cz = a]
by)xz = b [by = c]
=>xyz =1
Ans: (b)
(18) If 2x = 4y =8z and (1/2x +1/4y +1/6z) =24/7 then
the value of 'z' is

(a) 7/16 (b) 7 / 32 (c ) 7/48 (d) 7/64

Solution: 2x = 4y=8z
2x = 22y = 23z
x= 2y = 3z
Multiply above equation with C 2C
2x = 4y= 6z
(1/2x+1/4y+1/6z) = 24/7
=>(1/6z+1/6z+1/6z) = 24/7
=> 3 / 6z = 24/7
=> z= 7/48
Ans: ( c)

ERCENTA#ES
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:

EXAPLE PROBLEMS:
1 . Express the following as a fraction.
a) 56%
SOLUTION:
56/100=14/25
b) 4%
SOLUTION:
4/100=1/25
c) 0.6%
SOLUTION:
0.6/100=6/1000=3/500
d) 0.08%
SOLUTION:
0.08/100=8/10000=1/1250
2.Express the following as decimals
a) 6%
SOLUTION:
6% = 6/100=0.06
b) 0.04%
SOLUTION:
0.04% = 0.04/100=0.0004
3 . Express the following as rate percent.
i).23/36
SOLUTION:
= (23/36*100) %
= 63 8/9%
ii).6
SOLUTION:
6 =27/4
(27/4 *100) % =675 %
4.Evaluate the following:
28% of 450 + 45% of 280 ?
SOLUTION:
=(28/100) *450 + (45/100) *280
= 28 * 45 / 5
= 252
5.2 is what percent of 50?
SOLUTION:
Formula : (IS / OF ) *100 %
= 2/50 *100
= 4%
6. is what percent of 1/3?
SOLUTION:
=( ) / (1/3) *100 %
= 3/2 *100 %
= 150 %
7.What percent of 2 Metric tonnes is 40 Quintals?
SOLUTION:
1 metric tonne =10 Quintals
So required percentage = (40/(2*10)) *100 %
= 200%
8.Find the missing figure .
i) ? % of 25 = 2.125
SOLUTION :
Let x% of 25 = 2.125. then
(x/100) *25 =2.125
x = 2.125 * 4
= 8.5
ii) 9% of ? =6.3
SOLUTION:
Let 9 % of x = 6.3.
Then 9/100 of x= 6.3
so x = 6.3 *100/7
= 70.
9.Which is the greatest in 16 2/3 %, 2/15,0.17?
SOLUTION:
16 2/3 % = 50/3 %
=50/3 * 1/100
=1/6
= 0.166
2 / 15 =0.133
So 0.17 is greatest number in the given
series.
10.If the sales tax be reduced from 3 % to 3 1/3 % ,then what
difference
does it make to a person who purchases an article with marked price of
RS 8400?
SOLUTION:
Required difference = 3 % of 8400 C 3 1/3 % of 8400
=(7/2-10/3)% of 8400
=1/6 % of 8400
= 1/6* 1/100* 8400
= Rs 14.
11. A rejects 0.08% of the meters as defective .How many will he
examine to reject 2?
SOLUTION:
Let the number of meters to be examined be x.
Then 0.08% of x=2.
0.08/100*x= 2
x= 2 * 100/0.08
=2 * 100 * 100/8
= 2500
12.65 % of a number is 21 less than 4/5 of that number. What is the
number?
SOLUTION: Let the number be x.
4/5 x- (65% of x) = 21
4/5x C 65/100 x=21
15x=2100
x=140
13. Difference of two numbers is 1660.If 7.5 % of one number is 12.5%
of the other number. Find two numbers?
SOLUTION:
Let the two numbers be x and y.
7.5% of x=12.5% of y
So 75x=125 y
3x=5y
x=5/3y.
Now x-y=1660
5/3y-y=1660
2/3y=1660
y=2490
So x= 2490+1660
=4150.
So the numbers are 4150 , 1660.
14. In expressing a length 81.472 KM as nearly as possible with 3
significant digits ,Find the % error?
SOLUTION:
Error= 81.5-81.472=0.028
So the required percentage = 0.028/81.472*100%
= 0.034%
15. In an election between two persons ,75% of the voters cast their
votes out of which 2% are invalid. A got 9261 which 75% of the total
valid votes. Find total number of votes?
SOLUTION:
Let x be the total votes.
valid votes are 98% of 75% of x.
So 75%(98%(75% of x))) = 9261
==> 75/100 *98 /100 * 75 100 *x = 9261
x= 1029 * 4 *100 *4 / 9
= 16800
So total no of votes = 16800
16 . A's maths test had 75 problems i.e 10 arithmetic, 30 algebra and
35
geometry problems. Although he answered 70% of arithmetic , 40%
of algebra and 60 % of geometry problems correctly he didn't
pass the
test because he got less than 60% of the problems right. How
many
more questions he would have needed to answer correctly to get a
60% passing grade.

SOLUTION:
70% of 10 =70/100 * 10
=7
40% of 30 = 40 / 100 * 30
= 12
60 % of 35 = 60 / 100 *35
= 21
So correctly attempted questions = 7 +
12 + 21

=40.
Questions to be answered correctly for
60% grade

=60% of 75

= 60/100 *75

=45.
So required questions=45-40 = 5
17 . If 50% of (x C y) = 30% of (x + y) then what percent of x is y ?
SOLUTION:
50/100(x-y) =30/100(x+y)
(x-y)= 3/10(x+y)
5x-5y=3x+3y
x=4y
So Required percentage =y/x*100 %

=y/4y *100 %

= 25%.
18 . If the price of tea is increased by 20% ,find how much percent
must a
householder reduce her consumption of tea so as not to increase
the
expenditure?
SOLUTION:
Reduction in consumption= R/
(100+R) *100%

=20/120 *100

= 16 2/3 %
19.The population of a town is 176400 . If it increases at the rate of
5%
per annum ,what will be the population 2 years hence? What was it 2
years ago?
SOLUTION:
Population After 2 years = 176400[1+5/100]2
=
176400 * 21/20 *21/20
=194481
Population 2 years ago = 176400/(1+5/100)2
= 176400 * 20/21
*20/ 21
=160000
20.1 liter of water is add to 5 liters of a 20 % solution of alcohol in
water .
Find the strength of alcohol in new solution?
SOLUTION:
Alcohol in 5 liters = 20% of 5
=1 liter
Alcohol in 6 liters of new mixture =
1liter
So % of alcohol is =1/6 *100=16 2/3%
21. If A earns 33 1/3 more than B .Then B earns less than A by what
percent?
SOLUTION:
33 1/3 =100 / 3
Required Percentage = (100/3)/(100 + (100/3))
*100 %
= 100/400
*100 = 25 %
22. A school has only three classes which contain 40,50,60 students
respectively . The pass percent of these classes are 10, 20 and 10
respectively . Then find the pass percent in the school.
SOLUTION:
Number of passed candidates =
10/100*40+20/100 *50+10/100 * 60
=4+10+6
=20
Total students in school = 40+50+60 =150
So required percentage = 20/150 *100
=
40 /3
=1
3 1/3 %
23. There are 600 boys in a hostel . Each plays either hockey or
football
or both .If 75% play hockey and 45 % play football ,Find how
many
play both?
SOLUTION:
n(A)=75/100 *600
=450
n(B) = 45/100 *600
= 270
n(A^B)=n(A) + n(B) C n(AUB)
=450 + 270 -600
=120
So 120 boys play both the games.
24.A bag contains 600 coins of 25p denomination and 1200 coins of 50p
denomination. If 12% of 25p coins and 24 % of 50p coins are removed,
Find the percentage of money removed from the bag ?
SOLUTION:
Total money = (600 * 25/100 +1200 *50/100)
=Rs 750
25p coins removed = 12/100 *600
=72
50p coins removed = 24/100 *1200
=288
So money removed =72 *1/4 +288 *1/2
= Rs 162
So required percentage=162/750 *100
=21 .6%
25. P is six times as large as Q.Find the percent that Q is less than P?
SOLUTION:
Given that P= 6Q
So Q is less than P by 5Q.
Required percentage= 5Q/P*100 %
=5/6 *
100 %
=83 1/3%
26.For a sphere of radius 10 cm ,the numerical value of surface area is
what percent of the numerical value of its volume?
SOLUTION:
Surface area = 4 *22/7 *r2
=
3/r(4/3 * 22/7 * r3)
=3/r * VOLUME
Where r = 10 cm
So we have S= 3/10 V
=3/10 *100 % of V
= 30 % of V
So surface area is 30 % of Volume.
27. A reduction of 21 % in the price of wheat enables a person to buy
10 .5
kg more for Rs 100.What is the reduced price per kg.
SOLUTION:
Let the original price = Rs x/kg
Reduced price =79/100x /kg
==> 100/(79x/100)-100/x =10.5
==> 10000/79x-100/x=10.5
==> 10000-7900=10.5 * 79 x
==> x= 2100/10.5 *79
So required price = Rs (79/100
*2100/10.5 *79) /kg
= Rs 2 per kg.
28.The length of a rectangle is increased by 60 % .By what percent would
the width have to be decreased to maintain the same area?
SOLUTION:
Let the length =l,Breadth= b.
Let the required decrease in breadth be x
%
then 160/100 l *(100-x)/100 b=lb
160(100-x)=100 *100
or 100-x =10000/160
=125/2
so x = 100-125/2
=75/2
=37.5

rofit an$ Loss
Important Facts:
Cost Price: The price at which an article is purchased,
is called its cost price,abbreviated as C.P.
Selling Price: The price at which an article is sold,
is called its selling price,abbreviated as S.P.
Profit or Gain: If S.P. Is greater than C.P. The seller
is said to have a profit or gain.
Loss:if S.P. Is less than C.P., the seller is said to
have incurred a loss.
Formulae

1.Gain=(S.P-C.P)
2.Loss=(C.P-S.P)
3.Loss or Gain is always reckoned on C.P.
4.Gain%=(gain*100)/C.P
5.Loss%=(loss*100)/C.P
6.S.P=[(100+gain%)/100]*C.P
7.S.P=[(100-loss%)/100]*C.P
8.C.P=(100*S.P)/(100+gain%)
9.C.P=(100*S.P)/(100-loss%)
10.If an article is sold at a gain of say,35%,then S.P=135% of C.P.
11.If an article is sold at a loss of say,35%,then S.P=65% of C.P.
12.When a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say,
x%,and the other at a loss of x%,then the seller always incurs a
loss given by Loss%=[common loss and gain %/10]2=(x/10)2
13.If a trader professes to sell his goods at cost price,but uses
false weight,then Gain%=[(error/(true value-error))*100]%
14.Net selling price=Marked price-Discount

Simple Problems
1.A man buys an article for Rs.27.50 and sells it for Rs.28.60
Find the gain percent.
Sol: C.P=Rs 27.50 S.P=Rs 28.60
then Gain=S.P-C.P=28.60-27.50=Rs 1.10
Gain%=(gain*100)/C.P%
=(1.10*100)/27.50%=4%
2.If a radio is purchased for Rs 490 and sold for Rs 465.50
Find the loss%?
Sol: C.P=Rs 490 S.P=Rs 465.50
Loss=C.P-S.P=490-465.50=Rs 24.50
Loss%=(loss*100)/C.P%
=(24.50*100)/490%=5%
3.Find S.P when C.P=Rs 56.25 and Gain=20%
Sol: S.P=[(100+gain%)/100]*C.P
S.P=[(100+20)/100]56.25=Rs 67.50
4.Find S.P when C.P=Rs 80.40,loss=5%
Sol: S.P=[(100-loss%)/100]*C.P
S.P=[(100-5)/100]*80.40=Rs 68.34
5.Find C.P when S.P=Rs 40.60,gain=16%?
Sol: C.P=(100*S.P)/(100+gain%)
C.P=(100*40.60)/(100+16)=Rs 35
6.Find C.P when S.P=Rs 51.70 ,loss=12%?
Sol: C.P=(100*S.P)/(100-loss%)
C.P=(100*51.70)/(100-12)=Rs 58.75

7.A person incurs 5% loss by selling a watch for Rs 1140 . At
what price should the watch be sold to earn 5% profit?
Sol: Let the new S.P be Rs x then,
(100-loss%):(1st S.P)=(100+gain%):(2nd S.P)
(100-5)/1140=(100+5)/x
x=(105*1140)/95=Rs 1260
8.If the cost price is 96% of the selling price,then what is
the profit percent?
Sol: let S.P=Rs 100 then C.P=Rs 96
profit=S.P-C.P=100-96=Rs 4
profit%=(profit*C.P)/100%
=(4*96)/100=4.17%
9.A discount dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price
but uses a weight of 960 gms for a Kg weight .Find his gain %?
Sol: Gain%=[(error*100)/(true value-error)]%
=[(40*100)/1000-40)]%=25/6%
10.A man sold two flats for Rs 675,958 each .On one he gains
16% while on the other he losses 16%.How much does he gain or
lose in the whole transaction?
Sol: loss%=[common loss or gain%/10]2=(16/10)2=2.56%
11.A man sold two cows at Rs 1995 each. On one he lost 10% and
on the other he gained 10%.what his gain or loss percent?
Sol: If loss% and gain% is equal to 10
then there is no loss or no gain.
12.The price of an article is reduced by 25% in order to
restore the must be increased by ?
Sol: [x/(100-x)]*100 =[25/(100-25)]*100
=(25/75)*100=100/3%
13.Two discounts of 40% and 20% equal to a single discount of?
Sol: {[(100-40)/100]*[(100-20)/100]}%=(60*80)/(100*100)%
=48%
single discount is equal to (100-48)%=52%

Difficult Problems
1.The cost of an article including the sales tax is Rs 616.The
rate of sales tax is 10%,if the shopkeeper has made a profit
of 12%,then the cost price of the article is?
Sol: 110% of S.P=616
S.P=(616*100)/110=Rs 560
C.P=(100*S.P)/(100+gain%)
C.P. =(100*560)/(100+12)=Rs 500
2.Sam purchased 20 dozens of toys at the rate of 375 Rs per dozen.
He sold each one of then at the rate of Rs 33.What was his
percentage profit?
Sol: C.P of one toy=Rs 375/12=Rs 31.25
S.P of one toy=Rs 33
profit=S.P-C.P=33-31.25=Rs 1.75
profit %=(profit/C.P)*100
=(1.75/31.25)*100
profit% =5.6%
3.Two third of consignment was sold at a profit of 5% and the
remainder at a loss of 2%.If the total was Rs 400,the value of the
consignment was?
Sol: let the total value be Rs x
value of 2/3=2x/3, value of 1/3=x/3
total S.P value be Rs x
total S.P=[(105% of 2x/3)+(98% of x/3)]
=(105*2x)/(100*3)+(98/100)+x/3
=308x/300
(308x/300)-x=400
8x/300=400
x=(300*400)/8=Rs 15000
4.Kunal bought a suitcase with 15% discount on the labelled price.
He sold the suitcase for Rs 2880 with 20% profit on the labelled
price .At what price did he buy the suitcase?
Sol: let the labelled price be Rs x
then 120% of x=2880
x=(2880*100)/120=Rs 2400
C.P=85% of the 2400
(85*2400)/100=Rs 2040
5.A tradesman gives 4% discount on the marked price and gives
article free for buying every 15 articles and thus gains 35%. The
marked price is above the cost price by
Sol: let the C.P of each article be Rs 100
then C.P of 16 articles=Rs (100*16)=Rs 1600
S.P of 15 articles =1600*(135/100)=Rs 2160
S.P of each article =2160/15=Rs 144
If S.P is Rs 96, marked price =Rs 100
If S.P is Rs 144,marked price =(100/96)*144=Rs 15000
therefore marked price=50% above C.P
6.By selling 33m of cloth ,one gains the selling price of 11m.Find
the gain percent?
Sol: gain=S.P of 33m-C.P of 33m
=11m of S.P
S.P of 22m=C.P of 33m
let C.P of each meter be Rs 1,then C.P of 22m=Rs 22
S.P of 22m=Rs 33
gain=S.P-C.P=33-22=Rs 11
gain%=(gain/C.P)*100
=(11/22)*100=50%

7.The price of a jewel, passing through three hands, rises on the
whole by 65%.if the first and second sellers earned 20% and 25%
profit respectively,find the percentage profit earned by the
third seller?
Sol: let the original price of the jewel be Rs P and
let the profit earned by the third seller be x%
then (100+x)% of 125% of P=165% of P
[(100+x)/100]*(125/100)*(120/100)*P=(165/100)*P
100+x=(165*100*100)/(125*120)
100+x=110
x=10%
8.When a producer allows 36% commission on the retail price of his
product ,he earns a profit of 8.8%.what would be his profit
percent if the commission is reduced by 24%
Sol: let retail price =Rs 100
commission=Rs 36
S.P=retail price-commission=100-36=Rs 64
But profit=8.8%
C.P=(100*C.P)/(gain+100)=(100*64)/(100+8.8)=Rs 1000/17
new commission=Rs 12
new S.P=100-12=Rs 88
gain=88-(1000/17)=Rs 496/17
gain%=gain*100/C.P
=(496*17*100)(17*1000)
gain%=49.6%
9.Vikas bought paper sheets for Rs 7200 and spent Rs 200 on
transport. Paying Rs 600,he had 330 boxes made,which he sold
at Rs 28 each. His profit percentage is
Sol: total investments=7200+200+600=Rs 8000
total receipt=330*28=Rs 9240
gain=S.P-C.P
=total receipt-total investments
gain=9240-8000=Rs 1240
gain% =gain*100/C.P=1240*100/8000=15.5%
10.A person earns 15% on investment but loses 10% on another
investment .If the ratio of the two investments be 3:5 ,what is the
gain or loss on the two investments taken together?
Sol: let the investments be 3x and 5x
then total investment=8x
total receipt=115% of 3x+90% of 5x
=115*3x/100+90*5x/100=7.95x
loss=C.P-S.P=8x-7.95x=0.05x
loss%=.05x*100/8x=0.625%
11.The profit earned by selling an article for Rs 900 is double the
loss incurred when the same article is sold for Rs 490 .At what
price should the article be sold to make 25% profit?
Sol: let C.P be Rs x
900-x=2(x-450)
3x=1800
x=Rs 600
C.P=Rs 600 , gain required=25%
S.P=(100+gain%)*C.P/100
S.P=(100+25)*600/100=Rs 750
12.If an article is sold at 5% gain instead of 5% loss,the seller
gets Rs 6.72 more. The C.P of the article is?
Sol: let C.P be Rs x
105% of x-95% of x=6.72
(105/100)*x-(95/100)*x=6.72
x/10=6.72
x=Rs 67.21.
RATIO AND PROPORTION
Important Facts:
1.Ratio : The ratio of two qualities a and b in the
same units, is the fraction a/b and we write it as
a:b. In the ratio, a:b, we call CaC" as the first
term of antecedent and b, the second term consequent.
Ex: The ratio 5:9 represents 5/9 with antecedent=5
,consequent=9
3Rule: The multiplication or division of each term of
9 ratio by the same non-zero number does not affect
the ratio.
4.Proportion: The equality of two ratios is called
proportion. If a:b=c:d, we write a:b::c:d and we say
that a,b,c and d are in proportion. Here a and b are
called extremes, while b and c are called mean terms.
Product of means=product of extremes
Thus, a:b::c:d => (b*c)=(a*d)

5.Fourth proportional: If a:b::c:d, then d is called
the fourth proportional to a,b and c.
6.Third proportional: If a:b::b:c, then c is called
third proportional to a and b.
7.Mean proportional: Mean proportional between a and
b is SQRT(a*b).
COMPARISION OF RATIOS:

We say that (a:b)>(c:d) => (a/b)>(c/d)
8.Compounded ratio: The compounded ratio of the
ratios (a:b), (c:d),(e:f) is (ace:bdf).
9.Duplicate Ratio: If (a:b) is (a2: b2 )
10.Sub-duplicate ratio of (a:b) is (SQRT(a):SQRT(b))
11.Triplicate ratio of (a:b) is (a3: b3 )
12.Sub-triplicate ratio of (a:b) is (a1/3: b1/3 ).
13.If a/b=c/d, then (a+b)/(a-b)=(c+d)/(c-d)
(componend o and dividend o)

VARIATION:
14.we say that x is directly proportional to y, if
x=ky for some constant k and we write.
15.We say that x is inversely proportional to y, if
xy=k for some constant and we write.
16. X is inversely
proportional to y.
If a/b=c/d=e/f=g/h=k then
k=(a+c+e+g)/(b+d+f+h)
If a1/b1,a2/b2,
a3/b3..............an/bn are unequal
fractions then the ratio.
a1+a2+a3+..........an/(b1+b2+b3+...............bn)
lies between the lowest & the highest of the three
fractions.
SIMPLE PROBLEMS
1.If a:b =5:9 and b:c=4:7 Find a:b:c?
Sol: a:b=5:9 and b:c=4:7=4*9/4:9*4/9=9:63/9
a:b:c=5:9:63/9=20:36:63
2.Find the fourth proportion to 4,9,12
Sol: d is the fourth proportion to a,b,c
a:b=c:d
4:9=12:x
4x=9*12=>x=27
3.Find third proportion to 16,36
Sol: if a:b=b:c then c is the third proportion to
a,b
16:36=36:x
16x=36*36
x=81
4.Find mean proportion between 0.08 and 0.18
Sol: mean proportion between a and b=square root
of ab
mean proportion =square root of
0.08*0.18=0.12

5.If a:b=2:3 b:c=4:5, c:d=6:7 then a:b:c:d is
Sol: a:b=2:3 and b:c=4:5=4*3/4:5*3/4=3:15/4
c:d=6:7=6*15/24:7*15/24=15/4:35/8
a:b:c:d=2:3:15/4:35/8=16:24:30:35

6.2A=3B=4C then A:B:C?
Sol: let 2A=3B=4C=k then
A=k/2, B=k/3, C=k/4
A:B:C=k/2:k/3:k/4=6:4:3

7.15% of x=20% of y then x:y is
Sol: (15/100)*x=(20/100)*y
3x=4y
x:y=4:3

8.a/3=b/4=c/7 then (a+b+c)/c=
Sol: let a/3=b/4=c/7=k
(a+b+c)/c=(3k+4k+7k)/7k=2
9.Rs 3650 is divided among 4 engineers, 3 MBAC"s and
5 CAC"s such that 3 CAC"s get as much as 2 MBAC"s
and 3 EngC"s as much as 2 CAC"s .Find the share of
an MBA.
Sol: 4E+3M+5C=3650
3C=2M, that is M=1.5C
3E=2C that is E=.66 C
Then, (4*0.66C)+(3*1.5C)+5C=3650
C=3650/1
2.166
C=300
M=1.5
and C=450.
DIFFICULT PROBLEMS

1.Three containers A,B and C are having mixtures of
milk and water in the ratio of 1:5 and 3:5 and 5:7
respectively. If the capacities of the containers are
in the ratio of all the three containers are in the
ratio 5:4:5, find the ratio of milk to water, if the
mixtures of all the three containers are mixed
together.
Sol: Assume that there are 500,400 and 500 liters
respectively in the 3 containers.
Then ,we have, 83.33, 150 and 208.33 liters of
milk in each of the three containers.
Thus, the total milk is 441.66 liters. Hence, the
amount of water in the mixture is 1400-
441.66=958.33liters.
Hence, the ratio of milk to water is 441.66:958.33
=> 53:115(using division by .3333)
The calculation thought process should be
(441*2+2):(958*3+1)=1325:2875
Dividing by 25 => 53:115.
2.A certain number of one rupee,fifty parse and
twenty five paise coins are in the ratio of 2:5:3:4,
add up to Rs 210. How many 50 paise coins were there?
Sol: the ratio of 2.5:3:4 can be written as 5:6:8
let us assume that there are 5 one rupee
coins,6 fifty paise coins and 8 twenty-five paise
coins in all.
their
value=(5*1)+(6*.50)+(8*.25)=5+3+2=Rs 10
If the total is Rs 10,number of 50 paise
coins are 6.
if the total is Rs 210, number of 50 paise
coins would be 210*6/10=126.
3.The incomes of A and B are in the ratio of 4:3 and
their expenditure are in the ratio of 2:1 . if each
one saves Rs 1000,what are their incomes?
Sol: Ratio of incomes of A and B=4:3
Ratio of expenditures of A and B=2:1
Amount of money saved by A=Amount of money
saved by B=Rs 1000
let the incomes of A and B be 4x and 3x
respectively
let the expense of A and B be 2y and
1yrespectively
Amount of money saved by A=(income-
expenditure)=4x-2y=Rs 1000
Amount of money saved by B=3x-y=Rs 1000
this can be even written as 6x-2y=Rs 2000
now solve 1 and 3 to get
x=Rs 500
therefore income of A=4x=4*500=Rs 2000
income of B=3x=3*500=Rs 1500

4.A sum of Rs 1162 is divided among A,B and C. Such
that 4 times A's share share is equal to 5 times B's
share and 7 times C's share . What is the share of C?
Sol: 4 times of A's share =5 times of B's share=7
times of C's share=1
therefore , the ratio of their share
=1/4:1/5:1/7
LCM of 4,5,7=140
therefore, :1/5:1/7=35:28:20
the ratio now can be written as
35:28:20
therefore C's
share=(20/83)*1162=20*14=Rs 280.

5.The ratio of the present ages of saritha and her
mother is 2:9, mother's age at the time of saritha's
birth was 28 years , what is saritha's present age?
Sol: ratio of ages of saritha and her
mother =2:9
let the present age of saritha
be 2x years. then the mother's
present age would be 9x years
Difference in their ages =28
years
9x-2x=28 years
7x=28=>x=4
therefore saritha's age=2*4=8
years
artners%ip
Important Facts:
Partnership:When two or more than two persons run a business
jointly, they are called partners and the deal is known as partnership.
Ratio of Division of Gains:
1.When the investments of all the partners are do the same time, the
gain or loss is distributed among the partners in the ratio of their
investments.
Suppose A and B invest Rs x and Rs y respectively for a year in a
business, then at the end of the year:
(A's share of profit):(B's share of profit)=x:y
2.When investments are for different time periods, then equivalent
capitals are calculated for a unit of time by taking (capital*number
of units of time). Now gain or loss is divided in the ratio of these
capitals.
Suppose A invests Rs x for p months and B invests Rs y for q months,
then (A's share of profit):(B's share of profit)=xp:yq
3.Working and sleeping partners:A partner who manages the business is
known as working partner and the one who simply invests the money is
a sleeping partner.
Formulae
1.When investments of A and B are Rs x and Rs y for a year in a
business ,then at the end of the year
(A's share of profit):(B's share of profit)=x:y
2.When A invests Rs x for p months and B invests Rs y for q months,
then A's share profit:B's share of profit=xp:yq
Short cuts:
1.In case of 3 A,B,C investments then individual share is to be found
then A=16000 , B=32,000 , C=40,000
Sol: A:B:C=16:32:40
=2:4:5`
then individual share can be easily known.
2.If business mans A contributes for 5 months and B contributes for 9
months then share of B in the total profit of Rs 26,8000 ,A = Rs 15000,
B =Rs 12000
Sol: 15000*5 : 12000*9
25 : 36
for 36 parts=268000*(36/61)
=Rs 158.16
Back
Difficult problems:
1.P and Q started a business investing Rs 85,000 and Rs 15,000
respectively. In what ratio the profit earned after 2 years be divided
between P and Q respectively?
Sol: 85,000*2 : 15,000*2
17*2 : 3*2=34:6
2.A,B and C started a business by investing Rs 1,20,000, Rs 1,35,000
and Rs 1,50,000.Find the share of each ,out of an annual profit of
Rs 56,700?
Sol: Ratio of shares of A,B and C=Ratio of their investments
120,000:135,000:150,000
=8:9:10
A's share=Rs 56,700*(8/27)=Rs 16,800
B's share =Rs 56,700*(9/27)=Rs 18,900
C's share =Rs 56,700*(10/27)=Rs 21,000
3.3 milkman A,B,C rented a pasture A grazed his 45 cows for 12 days
B grazed his 36 cows for 15 days and c 60 cows for 10 days.If b's
share of rent was Rs 540 What is the total rent?
Sol: 45*12:36*15:60*10
=9:9:10
9 parts is equal to Rs 540
then one part is equal to Rs 60
total rent=60*28=Rs 1680
4.Ramu and Krishna entered into a partnership with Rs 50,000 and
Rs 60,000, after 4 months Ramu invested Rs 25,000 more while Krishna
withdraw Rs 20,000 . Find the share of Ramu in the annual profit of
Rs 289,000.
Sol: Ramu : Krishna=50,000*4+75,000*8:60,000*4+40,000*8
=10:7
Ramu's annual profit=289000*(10/17)=Rs 170,000
5.A,B,C enter into partnership .A invests 3 times as much as B invests
and B invests two third of what C invests. At the end of the year ,the
profit earned is Rs 6600. what is the share of B?
Sol: let C's capital =Rs x
B's capital=Rs (2/3)*x
A's capital =3*(2/3)*x=Rs 2x
ratio of their capitals=2x:(2/3)*x:x
=6x:2x;3x
B's share =Rs 6600(2/11)=Rs 1200
6.A,B and C enter into a partnership by investing in the ratio of 3:2:4.
After one year ,B invests another Rs 2,70,000 and C,at the end of 2
years, also invests Rs 2,70,000.At the end of 3 years ,profit are shared
in the ratio of 3:4:5.Find the initial investment of each?
Sol: Initial investments of A,B,c be Rs 3x, Rs 2x, Rs 4x then for 3
years
(3x*36):[(2x*12)+(2x+270000)*24]:[(4x*24)+(4x+270000)*12]=3:4:5
108x:(72x+640,000):(144x+3240000)=3:4:5
108x:72x+6480000:144x+3240000=3:4:5
(108x)/(72x+6480000)=3/4
432x=216x+19440000
216x=19440000
x=Rs 90000
A's initial investment=3x=3*90,000=Rs 2,70,000
B's initial investment=2x=2*90,000=Rs 1,80,000
C's initial investment=4x=4*90,000=Rs 3,60,000
CHAIN R"LE
1.DIRECT PROPORTION: Two Quantities are said to be directly
proportional,
if on the increase (or decrease) of th one, the other increases(or
decreases)
to the same extent.
Ex:(i) Cost is directly proportional to the number of articles.(More
articles,
More cost).
(ii)Work done is directly proportional to the number of men working
on it.
(More men, more work).
2.INDIRECT PROPORTION: Two Quantities are said to be indirectly
proportional,if on the increase of the one , the other decreases to the
same
extent and vice-versa.
Ex:(i) The time taken by a car covering a certain distance is inversely
proportional to th speed of the car.(More speed, less is the
time taken
to cover the distance).
(ii)Time taken to finish a work is inversely proportional to the
number
of persons working at it.
(More persons, less is the time taken to finish a job).
NOTE: In solving Questions by chain rule, we compare every item with
the
term to be found out.
SIMLE RO&LEMS
1)If 15 toys cost Rs.234, what do 35 toys cost ?
Sol: Let the required cost be Rs. x then
more toys more cost(direct proportion)
15:35:: 234:x
(15*x)=(234*35)
x=(234*35) /(15)= 546 Rs
2)If 36 men can do a piece of work in 25hours, in how many hours will
15men do it?
Sol: Let the required number of hours be x.
less men more hours(Indirect proportion).
15:36::25:x
(15*x)=(36*25)
x=(36*25) /15
x=60
For 15 men it takes 60 hours.
3)If 9 engines consume 24metric tonnes of coal, when each is working
8 hours a day, how much coal will be required for 8 engines, each
running 13 hours a day, it being given that 3 engines of former type
consume as much as 4 engines of latter type?
Sol: Let 3 engines of former type consume 1 unit in 1 hour.
4 engines of latter type consume 1 unit in 1 hour.
1 engine of former type consumes 1/3 unit in 1 hour.
1 engine of latter type consumes unit in 1 hour.
Let required consumption of coal be x units.
Less engines, less coal consumed.(direct)
More working hours, more coal consumed(direct)
Less rate of consumption, less coal consumed (direct)

9:8
8:13 :: 24:x
1/3:1/4
(9*8*(1/3)*x)=(8*13*(1/4)*24)
24x=624
x=26 metric tonnes.
COMLE' RO&LEMS
1)A contract is to be completed in 46 days and 117 men were set to work,
each working 8 hours a day. After 33 days, 4/7 of the work is completed.
How many additional men may be employed so that the work may be
completed
in time, each man now working 9 hours a day?
Sol: 4/7 of work is completed .
Remaining work=1- 4/7
=3/7
Remaining period= 46-33
=13 days
Less work, less men(direct proportion)
less days, more men(Indirect proportion)
More hours/day, less men(Indirect proportion)
work 4/7:3/7
Days 13:33 :: 117:x
hrs/day 9:8

(4/7)*13*9*x=(3/7)*33*8*117
x=(3*33*8*117) / (4*13*9)
x=198 men
So, additional men to be employed=198 -117=81
2)A garrison had provisions for a certain number of days. After 10
days,
1/5 of the men desert and it is found that the provisions will now last
just as long as before. How long was that?
Sol: Let initially there be x men having food for y days.
After, 10 days x men had food for ( y-10)days
Also, (x -x/5) men had food for y days.
x(y-10)=(4x/5)*y
=> (x*y) -50x=(4(x*y)/5)
5(x*y)-4(x*y)=50x
x*y=50x
y=50
3)A contractor undertook to do a certain piece of work in 40 days. He
engages 100 men at the beginning and 100 more after 35 days and
completes
the work in stipulated time. If he had not engaged the additional men,
how many days behind schedule would it be finished?
Sol: 40 days- 35 days=5 days
=>(100*35)+(200*5) men can finish the work in 1 day.
4500 men can finish it in 4500/100= 45 days
This s 5 days behind the schedule.
4)12 men and 18 boys,working 7 hors a day, can do a piece if work in
60 days. If a man works equal to 2 boys, then how many boys will be
required to help 21 men to do twice the work in 50 days, working
9 hours a day?
Sol: 1man =2 boys
12men+18boys=>(12*2+18)boys=42 boys
let the required number of boys=x
21 men+x boys
=>((21*2)+x) boys
=>(42+x) boys
less days, more boys(Indirect proportion)
more hours per day, less boys(Indirect proportion)
days 50:60
hrs/day 9:15/2 :: 42:(42+x)
work 1:2
(50*9*1*(42+x))=60*(15/2)*2*42
(42+x)= (60*15*42)/(50*9)= 84
x=84-42= 42
=42
42 days behind the schedule it will be finished.
Time an$ (or)
Important Facts:
1.If A can do a piece of work in n days, then A's 1 day work=1/n
2.If A's 1 day's work=1/n, then A can finish the work in n days.
Ex: If A can do a piece of work in 4 days,then A's 1 day's work=1/4.
If A's 1 day's work=1/5, then A can finish the work in 5 days
3.If A is thrice as good workman as B,then: Ratio of work done by
A and B =3:1. Ratio of time taken by A and B to finish a work=1:3
4.Definition of Variation: The change in two different variables
follow some definite rule. It said that the two variables vary
directly or inversely.Its notation is X/Y=k, where k is called
constant. This variation is called direct variation. XY=k. This
variation is called inverse variation.
5.Some Pairs of Variables:
i)Number of workers and their wages. If the number of workers
increases, their total wages increase. If the number of days
reduced, there will be less work. If the number of days is
increased, there will be more work. Therefore, here we have
direct proportion or direct variation.
ii)Number workers and days required to do a certain work is an
example of inverse variation. If more men are employed, they
will require fewer days and if there are less number of workers,
more days are required.
iii)There is an inverse proportion between the daily hours of a
work and the days required. If the number of hours is increased,
less number of days are required and if the number of hours is
reduced, more days are required.
6.Some Important Tips:
More Men -Less Days and Conversely More Day-Less Men.
More Men -More Work and Conversely More Work-More Men.
More Days-More Work and Conversely More Work-More Days.
Number of days required to complete the given work=Total work/One
day's work.
Since the total work is assumed to be one(unit), the number of days
required to complete the given work would be the reciprocal of one
day's work.
Sometimes, the problems on time and work can be solved using the
proportional rule ((man*days*hours)/work) in another situation.
7.If men is fixed,work is proportional to time. If work is fixed,
then time is inversely proportional to men therefore,
(M1*T1/W1)=(M2*T2/W2)
Problems
1)If 9 men working 6 hours a day can do a work in 88 days. Then 6 men
working 8 hours a day can do it in how many days?
Sol: From the above formula i.e (m1*t1/w1)=(m2*t2/w2)
so (9*6*88/1)=(6*8*d/1)
on solving, d=99 days.
2)If 34 men completed 2/5th of a work in 8 days working 9 hours a day.
How many more man should be engaged to finish the rest of the work in
6 days working 9 hours a day?
Sol: From the above formula i.e (m1*t1/w1)=(m2*t2/w2)
so, (34*8*9/(2/5))=(x*6*9/(3/5))
so x=136 men
number of men to be added to finish the work=136-34=102
men
3)If 5 women or 8 girls can do a work in 84 days. In how many days can
10 women and 5 girls can do the same work?
Sol: Given that 5 women is equal to 8 girls to complete a work
so, 10 women=16 girls.
Therefore 10women +5girls=16girls+5girls=21girls.
8 girls can do a work in 84 days
then 21 girls ---------------?
answer= (8*84/21)=32days.
Therefore 10 women and 5 girls can a work in 32days
4)Worker A takes 8 hours to do a job. Worker B takes 10hours to do the
same job. How long it take both A & B, working together but
independently,
to do the same job?
Sol: A's one hour work=1/8.
B's one hour work=1/10
(A+B)'s one hour work=1/8+1/10 =9/40
Both A & B can finish the work in 40/9 days
5)A can finish a work in 18 days and B can do the same work in half the
time taken by A. Then, working together, what part of the same work
they
can finish in a day?
Sol: Given that B alone can complete the same work in days=half the
time
taken by A=9days
A's one day work=1/18
B's one day work=1/9
(A+B)'s one day work=1/18+1/9=1/6
6)A is twice as good a workman as B and together they finish a piece of
work in 18 days.In how many days will A alone finish the work.
Sol: if A takes x days to do a work then
B takes 2x days to do the same work
=>1/x+1/2x=1/18
=>3/2x=1/18
=>x=27 days.
Hence, A alone can finish the work in 27 days.
7)A can do a certain work in 12 days. B is 60% more efficient than A.
How
many days does B alone take to do the same job?
Sol: Ratio of time taken by A&B=160:100 =8:5
Suppose B alone takes x days to do the job.
Then, 8:5::12:x
=> 8x=5*12
=> x=15/2 days.
8)A can do a piece of work n 7 days of 9 hours each and B alone can do
it
in 6 days of 7 hours each. How long will they take to do it working
together
8 2/5 hours a day?
Sol: A can complete the work in (7*9)=63 days
B can complete the work in (6*7)=42 days
=> A's one hour's work=1/63 and
B's one hour work=1/42
(A+B)'s one hour work=1/63+1/42=5/126
Therefore, Both can finish the work in 126/5 hours.
Number of days of 8 2/5 hours each=(126*5/(5*42))=3days
9)A takes twice as much time as B or thrice as much time to finish a
piece
of work. Working together they can finish the work in 2 days. B can do
the
work alone in ?

Sol: Suppose A,B and C take x,x/2 and x/3 hours respectively finish
the
work then 1/x+2/x+3/x=1/2
=> 6/x=1/2
=>x=12
So, B takes 6 hours to finish the work.
10)X can do of a work in 10 days, Y can do 40% of work in 40 days and
Z
can do 1/3 of work in 13 days. Who will complete the work first?
Sol: Whole work will be done by X in 10*4=40 days.
Whole work will be done by Y in (40*100/40)=100 days.
Whole work will be done by Z in (13*3)=39 days
Therefore,Z will complete the work first.


Complex Problems
1)A and B undertake to do a piece of workfor Rs 600.A alone can do it
in
6 days while B alone can do it in 8 days. With the help of C, they can
finish
it in 3 days, Find the share of each?
Sol: C's one day's work=(1/3)-(1/6+1/8)=1/24
Therefore, A:B:C= Ratio of their one day's
work=1/6:1/8:1/24=4:3:1
A's share=Rs (600*4/8)=300
B's share= Rs (600*3/8)=225
C's share=Rs[600-(300+225)]=Rs 75
2)A can do a piece of work in 80 days. He works at it for 10 days &
then B alone
finishes the remaining work in 42 days. In how much time will A and B,
working
together, finish the work?
Sol: Work done by A in 10 days=10/80=1/8
Remaining work=(1-(1/8))=7/8
Now, work will be done by B in 42 days.
Whole work will be done by B in (42*8/7)=48 days
Therefore, A's one day's work=1/80
B's one day's work=1/48
(A+B)'s one day's work=1/80+1/48=8/240=1/30
Hence, both will finish the work in 30 days.
3)P,Q and R are three typists who working simultaneously can type 216
pages
in 4 hours In one hour , R can type as many pages more than Q as Q can
type more
than P. During a period of five hours, R can type as many pages as P
can
during seven hours. How many pages does each of them type per hour?
Sol:Let the number of pages typed in one hour by P, Q and R be x,y and z
respectively
Then x+y+z=216/4=54 ---------------1
z-y=y-x => 2y=x+z -----------2
5z=7x => x=5x/7 ---------------3
Solving 1,2 and 3 we get x=15,y=18, and z=21
4)Ronald and Elan are working on an assignment. Ronald takes 6 hours to
type 32 pages on a computer, while Elan takes 5 hours to type 40 pages.
How much time will they take, working together on two different
computers
to type an assignment of 110 pages?
Sol: Number of pages typed by Ronald in one hour=32/6=16/3
Number of pages typed by Elan in one hour=40/5=8
Number of pages typed by both in one hour=((16/3)+8)=40/3
Time taken by both to type 110 pages=110*3/40=8 hours.
5)Two workers A and B are engaged to do a work. A working alone takes 8
hours
more to complete the job than if both working together. If B worked
alone,
he would need 4 1/2 hours more to compete the job than they both
working
together. What time would they take to do the work together.
Sol: (1/(x+8))+(1/(x+(9/2)))=1/x
=>(1/(x+8))+(2/(2x+9))=1/x
=> x(4x+25)=(x+8)(2x+9)
=> 2x2 =72
=> x2 = 36
=> x=6
Therefore, A and B together can do the work in 6 days.
6)A and B can do a work in12 days, B and C in 15 days, C and A in 20
days.
If A,B and C work together, they will complete the work in how many
days?
Sol: (A+B)'s one day's work=1/12;
(B+C)'s one day's work=1/15;
(A+C)'s one day's work=1/20;
Adding we get 2(A+B+C)'s one day's
work=1/12+1/15+1/20=12/60=1/5
(A+B+C)'s one day work=1/10
So, A,B,and C together can complete the work in 10 days.
7)A and B can do a work in 8 days, B and C can do the same wor in 12
days.
A,B and C together can finish it in 6 days. A and C together will do it
in
how many days?
Sol: (A+B+C)'s one day's work=1/6;
(A+B)'s one day's work=1/8;
(B+C)'s one day's work=1/12;
(A+C)'s one day's work=2(A+B+C)'s one day's work-((A+B)'s
one day
work+(B+C)'s one day work)
= (2/6)-(1/8+1/12)
=(1/3)- (5/24)
=3/24
=1/8
So, A and C together will do the work in 8 days.
8)A can do a certain work in the same time in which B and C together
can do it.
If A and B together could do it in 10 days and C alone in 50 days, then
B alone
could do it in how many days?
Sol: (A+B)'s one day's work=1/10;
C's one day's work=1/50
(A+B+C)'s one day's work=(1/10+1/50)=6/50=3/25
Also, A's one day's work=(B+C)'s one day's work
From i and ii ,we get :2*(A's one day's work)=3/25
=> A's one day's work=3/50
B's one day's work=(1/10-3/50)
=2/50
=1/25
B alone could complete the work in 25 days.
9) A is thrice as good a workman as B and therefore is able to finish a
job
in 60 days less than B. Working together, they can do it in:
Sol: Ratio of times taken by A and B=1:3.
If difference of time is 2 days , B takes 3 days
If difference of time is 60 days, B takes (3*60/2)=90 days
So, A takes 30 days to do the work=1/90
A's one day's work=1/30;
B's one day's work=1/90;
(A+B)'s one day's work=1/30+1/90=4/90=2/45
Therefore, A&B together can do the work in 45/2days


10) A can do a piece of work in 80 days. He works at it for 10 days and
then
B alone finishes the remaining work in 42 days. In how much time will
A&B,
working together, finish the work?
Sol: Work Done by A n 10 days =10/80=1/8
Remaining work =1-1/8=7/8
Now 7/8 work is done by B in 42 days
Whole work will be done by B in 42*8/7= 48 days
=> A's one day's work =1/80 and
B's one day's work =1/48
(A+B)'s one day's work = 1/80+1/48 = 8/240 = 1/30
Hence both will finish the work in 30 days.
11) 45 men can complete a work in 16 days. Six days after they started
working,
so more men joined them. How many days will they now take to complete
the
remaining work?
Sol: M1*D1/W1=M2*D2/W2
=>45*6/(6/16)=75*x/(1-(6/16))
=> x=6 days
12)A is 50% as efficient as B. C does half the work done by A&B
together. If
C alone does the work n 40 days, then A,B and C together can do the
work in:
Sol: A's one day's work:B's one days work=150:100 =3:2
Let A's &B's one day's work be 3x and 2x days respectively.
Then C's one day's work=5x/2
=> 5x/2=1/40
=> x=((1/40)*(2/5))=1/100
A's one day's work=3/100
B's one day's work=1/50
C's one day's work=1/40
So, A,B and C can do the work in 13 1/3 days.
13)A can finish a work in 18 days and B can do the same work in 15
days. B
worked for 10 days and left the job. In how many days A alone can
finish the
remaining work?
Sol: B's 10 day's work=10/15=2/3
Remaining work=(1-(2/3))=1/3
Now, 1/18 work is done by A in 1 day.
Therefore 1/3 work is done by A in 18*(1/3)=6 days.
14)A can finish a work in 24 days, B n 9 days and C in 12 days. B&C
start the
work but are forced to leave after 3 days. The remaining work done by A
in:
Sol: (B+C)'s one day's work=1/9+1/12=7/36
Work done by B & C in 3 days=3*7/36=7/12
Remaining work=1-(7/12)=5/12
Now , 1/24 work is done by A in 1 day.
So, 5/12 work is done by A in 24*5/12=10 days
15)X and Y can do a piece of work n 20 days and 12 days respectively. X
started
the work alone and then after 4 days Y joined him till the completion
of work.
How long did the work last?
Sol: work done by X in 4 days =4/20 =1/5
Remaining work= 1-1/5 =4/5
(X+Y)'s one day's work =1/20+1/12 =8/60=2/15
Now, 2/15 work is done by X and Y in one day.
So, 4/5 work will be done by X and Y in 15/2*4/5=6 days
Hence Total time taken =(6+4) days = 10 days
16)A does 4/5 of work in 20 days. He then calls in B and they together
finish
the remaining work in 3 days. How long B alone would take to do the
whole work?
Sol: Whole work is done by A in 20*5/4=25 days
Now, (1-(4/5)) i.e 1/5 work is done by A& B in days.
Whole work will be done by A& B in 3*5=15 days
=>B's one day's work= 1/15-1/25=4/150=2/75
So, B alone would do the work in 75/2= 37 days.
17) A and B can do a piece of work in 45 days and 40 days respectively.
They
began to do the work together but A leaves after some days and then B
completed
the remaining work n 23 days. The number of days after which A left the
work was
Sol: (A+B)'s one day's work=1/45+1/40=17/360
Work done by B in 23 days=23/40
Remaining work=1-(23/40)=17/40
Now, 17/360 work was done by (A+B) in 1 day.
17/40 work was done by (A+B) in (1*(360/17)*(17/40))= 9 days
So, A left after 9 days.
18)A can do a piece of work in 10 days, B in 15 days. They work for 5
days.
The rest of work finished by C in 2 days. If they get Rs 1500 for the
whole
work, the daily wages of B and C are
Sol: Part of work done by A= 5/10=1/2
Part of work done by B=1/3
Part of work done by C=(1-(1/2+1/3))=1/6
A's share: B's share: C's share=1/2:1/3:1/6= 3:2:1
A's share=(3/6)*1500=750
B's share=(2/6)*1500=500
C's share=(1/6)*1500=250
A's daily wages=750/5=150/-
B's daily wages=500/5=100/-
C's daily wages=250/2=125/-
Daily wages of B&C = 100+125=225/-
19)A alone can complete a work in 16 days and B alone can complete the
same
in 12 days. Starting with A, they work on alternate days. The total
work will
be completed in how many days?
(a) 12 days (b) 13 days (c) 13 5/7 days (d)13 days
Sol: (A+B)'s 2 days work = 1/16 + 1/12 =7/48
work done in 6 pairs of days =(7/48) * 6 = 7/8
remaining work = 1- 7/8 = 1/8
work done by A on 13th day = 1/16
remaining work = 1/8 - 1/16 = 1/16
on 14th day, it is B's turn
1/12 work is done by B in 1 day.
1/16 work is done by B in day.
Total time taken= 13 days.
So, Answer is: D


20)A,B and C can do a piece of work in 20,30 and 60 days respectively.
In how
many days can A do the work if he is assisted by B and C on every third
day?
Sol: A's two day's work=2/20=1/10
(A+B+C)'s one day's work=1/20+1/30+1/60=6/60=1/10
Work done in 3 days=(1/10+1/10)=1/5
Now, 1/5 work is done in 3 days
Therefore, Whole work will be done in (3*5)=15 days.
21)Seven men can complete a work in 12 days. They started the work and
after
5 days, two men left. In how many days will the work be completed by
the
remaining men?
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C ) 7 (D) 8 (E) none
Sol: 7*12 men complete the work in 1 day.
Therefore, 1 man's 1 day's work=1/84
7 men's 5 days work = 5/12
=>remaining work = 1-5/12 = 7/12
5 men's 1 day's work = 5/84
5/84 work is don by them in 1 day
7/12 work is done by them in ((84/5) * (7/12)) = 49/5 days = 9
4/5 days.
Ans: E
22).12 men complete a work in 9 days. After they have worked for 6
days, 6 more
men joined them. How many days will they take to complete the remaining
work?
(a) 2 days (b) 3 days (c) 4 days (d) 5days
Sol : 1 man's 1 day work = 1/108
12 men's 6 days work = 6/9 = 2/3
remaining work = 1 - 2/3 = 1/3
18 men's 1 days work = 18/108 = 1/6
1/6 work is done by them in 1 day
therefore, 1/3 work is done by them in 6/3 = 2 days.
Ans : A
23).A man, a woman and a boy can complete a job in 3,4 and 12 days
respectively.
How many boys must assist 1 man and 1 woman to complete the job in of
a day?
(a). 1 (b). 4 (c). 19 (d). 41
Sol : (1 man + 1 woman)'s 1 days work = 1/3+1/4=7/12
Work done by 1 man and 1 women n 1/4
day=((7/12)*(1/4))=7/48
Remaining work= 1- 7/48= 41/48
Work done by 1 boy in day= ((1/12)*(1/4)) =1/48
Therefore, Number of boys required= ((41/48)*48)= 41 days
So,Answer: D
24)12 men can complete a piece of work in 4 days, while 15 women can
complete
the same work in 4 days. 6 men start working on the job and after
working for
2 days, all of them stopped working. How many women should be put on
the job
to complete the remaining work, if it is to be completed in 3 days.
(A) 15 (B) 18 (C) 22 (D) data inadequate
Sol: one man's one day's work= 1/48
one woman's one day's work=1/60
6 men's 2 day's work=((6/48)*2)=
Remaining work=3/4
Now, 1/60 work s done in 1 day by 1 woman.
So, work will be done in 3 days by (60*(3/4)*(1/3))= 15
woman.
So, Answer: A
25)Twelve children take sixteen days to complete a work which can be
completed
by 8 adults in 12 days. Sixteen adults left and four children joined
them. How
many days will they take to complete the remaining work?
(A) 3 (B) 4 ( C) 6 (D) 8
Sol: one child's one day work= 1/192;
one adult's one day's work= 1/96;
work done in 3 days=((1/96)*16*3)= 1/2
Remaining work= 1 - =1/2
(6 adults+ 4 children)'s 1 day's work= 6/96+4/192= 1/12
1/12 work is done by them in 1 day.
work is done by them 12*(1/2)= 6 days
So, Answer= C
26)Sixteen men can complete a work in twelve days. Twenty four children
can
complete the same work in 18 days. 12 men and 8 children started
working and
after eight days three more children joined them. How many days will
they now
take to complete the remaining work?
(A) 2 days (B) 4 days ( C) 6 days (D) 8 days
ol: one man's one day's work= 1/192
one child's one day's work= 1/432
Work done in 8 days=8*(12/192+ 8/432)=8*(1/16+1/54) =35/54
Remaining work= 1 -35/54= 19/54
(12 men+11 children)'s 1 day's work= 12/192 + 11/432 =
19/216
Now, 19/216 work is done by them in 1 day.
Therefore, 19/54 work will be done by them in
((216/19)*(19/54))= 4 days
So,Answer: B
27)Twenty-four men can complete a work in 16 days. Thirty- two women
can
complete the same work in twenty-four days. Sixteen men and sixteen
women
started working and worked for 12 days. How many more men are to be
added to
complete the remaining work in 2 days?
(A) 16 men (B) 24 men ( C) 36 men (D) 48 men
Sol: one man's one day's work= 1/384
one woman's one day's work=1/768
Work done in 12 days= 12*( 16/384 + 16/768) =
12*(3/48)=3/4
Remaining work=1 - =1/4
(16 men+16 women)'s two day's work
=12*( 16/384+16/768)=2/16=1/8
Remaining work = 1/4-1/8 =1/8
1/384 work is done n 1 day by 1 man.
Therefore, 1/8 work will be done in 2 days in
384*(1/8)*(1/2)=24men
28)4 men and 6 women can complete a work in 8 days, while 3 men and 7
women
can complete it in 10 days. In how many days will 10 women complete it?
(A) 35 days (B) 40 days ( C) 45 days (D) 50 days
Sol: Let 1 man's 1 day's work =x days and
1 woman's 1 day's work=y
Then, 4x+6y=1/8 and 3x+7y=1/10.
Solving these two equations, we get: x=11/400 and y=
1/400
Therefore, 1 woman's 1 day's work=1/400
=> 10 women will complete the work in 40 days.
Answer: B
29)One man,3 women and 4 boys can do a piece of work in 96hrs, 2 men
and 8 boys
can do it in 80 hrs, 2 men & 3 women can do it in 120hr. 5Men & 12 boys
can do
it in?
(A) 39 1/11 hrs (B) 42 7/11 hrs ( C) 43 7/11 days (D) 44hrs
Sol: Let 1 man's 1 hour's work=x
1 woman's 1 hour's work=y
1 boy's 1 hour's work=z
Then, x+3y+4z=1/96 -----------(1)
2x+8z= 1/80 ----------(2)
adding (2) & (3) and subtracting (1)
3x+4z=1/96 ---------(4)
From (2) and (4), we get x=1/480
Substituting, we get : y=1/720 and z= 1/960
(5 men+ 12 boy)'s 1 hour's work=5/480+12/960 =1/96 +
1/80=11/480
Therefore, 5 men and 12 boys can do the work in 480/11 or
43 7/11hours.
So,Answer: C
ipes an$ Cisterns
Important Facts:
1.INLET:A pipe connected with a tank or cistern or a reservoir,
that fills it, it is known as Inlet.
OUTLET:A pipe connected with a tank or a cistern or a reservoir,
emptying it, is known as Outlet.
2. i) If a pipe can fill a tank in x hours, then :
part filled in 1 hour=1/x.
ii)If a pipe can empty a tank in y hours, then :
part emptied in 1 hour=1/y.
iii)If a pipe can fill a tank in x hours and another pipe can
empty the full tank in y hours( where y>x), then on
opening both the pipes, the net part filled in
1 hour=(1/x -1/y).
iv)If a pipe can fill a tank in x hours and another pipe can
empty the full tank in y hours( where x>y), then on opening
both the pipes, the net part filled in 1 hour=(1/y -1/x).
v) If two pipes A and B can fill a tank in x hours and y hours
respectively. If both the pipes are opened simultaneously, part
filled by A+B in 1 hour= 1/x +1/y.

Simple Problems
1)Two pipes A& B can fill a tank in 36 hours and 45 hours respectively.
If both the pipes are opened simultaneously, how much time will be
taken to fill the tank?
Sol: Part filled by A in 1 hour=1/36
Part filled by B in 1 hour= 1/45;
Part filled by (A+B)'s in 1 hour=1/36 +1/45= 9/180 =1/20
Hence, both the pipes together will fill the tank in 20 hours.
2)Two pipes can fill a tank in 10 hours & 12 hours respectively. While
3rd pipe empties the full tank n 20 hours. If all the three pipes
operate simultaneously,in how much time will the tank be filled?
Sol: Net part filled in 1 hour=1/10 +1/12 -1/20
=8/60=2/15
The tank be filled in 15/2hours= 7 hrs 30 min
3)A cistern can be filled by a tap in 4 hours while it can be emptied
by another tap in 9 hours. If both the taps are opened simultaneously,
then after how much time will the cistern get filled?
Sol: Net part filled in 1 hour= 1/4 -1/9= 5/36
Therefore the cistern will be filled in 36/5 hours or 7.2 hours.
4)If two pipes function simultaneously, the reservoir will be filled in
12 days.One pipe fills the reservoir 10 hours faster than the other.
How many hours does it take the second pipe to fill the reservoir.
Sol: Let the reservoir be filled by the 1st pipe in x hours.
The second pipe will fill it in (x+10) hours
1/x + (1/(x+10))= 1/12
=> (2x+10)/((x)*(x+10))= 1/12
=> x=20
So, the second pipe will take 30 hours to fill the reservoir.
5)A cistern has two taps which fill it in 12 min and 15 min
respectively.
There is also a waste pipe in the cistern. When all the three are
opened,
the empty cistern is full in 20 min. How long will the waste pipe take
to
empty the full cistern?
Sol: Work done by a waste pipe in 1 min
=1/20 -(1/12+1/15)= -1/10 (-ve means emptying)
6)A tap can fill a tank in 6 hours. After half the tank is filled,
three
more similar taps are opened. What is the total time taken to fill the
tank completely?
Sol: Time taken by one tap to fill the half of the tank =3 hours
Part filled by the four taps in 1 hour=4/6=2/3
Remaining part=1 -1/2=1/2
Therefore, 2/3:1/2::1:x
or x=(1/2)*1*(3/2)=3/4 hours.
i.e 45 min
So, total time taken= 3hrs 45min.
7)A water tank is two-fifth full. Pipe A can fill a tank in 10 min. And
B
can empty it in 6 min. If both pipes are open, how long will it take to
empty or fill the tank completely ?
Sol: Clearly, pipe B is faster than A and So, the tank will be emptied.
Part to be emptied=2/5.
Part emptied by (A+B) in 1 min= 1/6 -1/10=1/15
Therefore, 1/15:2/5::1:x or x=((2/5)*1*15)=6 min.
So, the tank be emptied in 6 min.
8)Bucket P has thrice the capacity as Bucket Q. It takes 60 turns for
Bucket P to fill the empty drum. How many turns it will take for both
the
buckets P&Q, having each turn together to fill the empty drum?
Sol: Let the capacity of P be x lit.
Then capacity of Q=x/3 lit
Capacity of the drum=60x lit
Required number of turns= 60x/(x+(x/3))= 60x*3/4x=45

Complex Problems
1)Two pipes can fill a cistern in 14 hours and 16 hours respectively.
The
pipes are opened simultaneously and it is found that due to leakage in
the
bottom it took 32min more to fill the cistern. When the cistern is full,
in what time will the leak empty it?
Sol: Work done by the two pipes in 1 hour= 1/14+1/16=15/112
Time taken by these two pipes to fill the tank=112/15 hrs.
Due to leakage, time taken = 7 hrs 28 min+ 32 min= 8 hours
Therefore, work done by (two pipes + leak) in 1 hr= 1/8
work done by leak n 1 hour=15/112 -1/8=1/112
Leak will empty full cistern n 112 hours.
2)Two pipes A&B can fill a tank in 30 min. First, A&B are opened. After
7 min, C also opened. In how much time, the tank s full.
Sol: Part filled n 7 min = 7*(1/36+1/45)=7/20
Remaining part= 1-7/20=13/20
Net part filled in 1 min when A,B and C are opened=1/36 +1/45-
1/30=1/60
Now, 1/60 part is filled in 1 min.
13/20 part is filled n (60*13/20)=39 min
Total time taken to fill the tank=39+7=46 min
3)Two pipes A&B can fill a tank in 24 min and 32 min respectively. If
both the pipes are opened simultaneously, after how much time B should
be closed so that the tank is full in 18 min.
Sol: Let B be closed after x min, then part filled by (A+B) in x min+
part filled by A in (18-x) min=1
x(1/24+1/32) +(18-x)1/24 =1
=> x=8
Hence B must be closed after 8 min.
4)Two pipes A& B together can fill a cistern in 4 hours. Had they been
opened separately, then B would have taken 6 hours more than A to fill
the cistern. How much time will be taken by A to fill the cistern
separately?
Sol: Let the cistern be filled by pipe A alone in x hours.
Pipe B will fill it in x+6 hours
1/x + 1/x+6=1/4
Solving this we get x=6.
Hence, A takes 6 hours to fill the cistern separately.
5)A tank is filled by 3 pipes with uniform flow. The first two pipes
operating simultaneously fill the tan in the same time during which
the tank is filled by the third pipe alone. The 2nd pipe fills the tank
5 hours faster than first pipe and 4 hours slower than third pipe. The
time required by first pipe is :
Sol: Suppose, first pipe take x hours to fill the tank then
B & C will take (x-5) and (x-9) hours respectively.
Therefore, 1/x +1/(x-5) =1/(x-9)
On solving, x=15
Hence, time required by first pipe is 15 hours.

6)A large tanker can be filled by two pipes A& B in 60min and 40 min
respectively. How many minutes will it take to fill the tanker from
empty state if B is used for half the time & A and B fill it together
for
the other half?
Sol: Part filled by (A+B) n 1 min=(1/60 +1/40)=1/24
Suppose the tank is filled in x minutes
Then, x/2(1/24+1/40)=1
=> (x/2)*(1/15)=1
=> x=30 min.
7)Two pipes A and B can fill a tank in 6 hours and 4 hours respectively.
If they are opened on alternate hours and if pipe A s opened first, in
how many hours, the tank shall be full.
Sol: (A+B)'s 2 hours work when opened alternatively =1/6+1/4 =5/12
(A+B)'s 4 hours work when opened alternatively=10/12=5/6
Remaining part=1 -5/6=1/6.
Now, it is A's turn and 1/6 part is filled by A in 1 hour.
So, total time taken to fill the tank=(4+1)= 5 hours.
8)Three taps A,B and C can fill a tank in 12, 15 and 20 hours
respectively.
If A is open all the time and B and C are open for one hour each
alternatively, the tank will be full in.
Sol: (A+B)'s 1 hour's work=1/12+1/15=9/60=3/20
(A+C)'s 1 hour's work=1/20+1/12=8/60=2/15
Part filled in 2 hours=3/20+2/15=17/60
Part filled in 2 hours=3/20+2/15= 17/60
Part filled in 6 hours=3*17/60 =17/20
Remaining part=1 -17/20=3/20
Now, it is the turn of A & B and 3/20 part is filled by A& B in 1
hour.
Therefore, total time taken to fill the tank=6+1=7 hours
9)A Booster pump can be used for filling as well as for emptying a
tank.
The capacity of the tank is 2400 m3. The emptying capacity of the tank
is
10 m3 per minute higher than its filling capacity and the pump needs 8
minutes lesser to empty the tank than it needs to fill it. What is the
filling capacity of the pump?
Sol: Let, the filling capacity of the pump be x m3/min
Then, emptying capacity of the pump=(x+10) m3/min.
So,2400/x - 2400/(x+10) = 8
on solving x=50.
10)A leak in the bottom of a tank can empty the full tan in 8 hr. An
inlet
pipe fills water at the rate of 6 lits a minute. When the tank is full,
the inlet is opened and due to the leak, the tank is empty in 12 hrs.
How many liters does the cistern hold?
Sol: Work done by the inlet in 1 hr= 1/8 -1/12=1/24
Work done by the inlet in i min= (1/24)*(1/60)=1/1440
Therefore, Volume of 1/1440 part=6 lit
Volume of whole=(1440*6) lit=8640 lit.
11)Two pipes A and B can fill a cistern in 37 min and 45 minutes
respectively. Both the pipes are opened. The cistern will be filled in
just half an hour, if the pipe B is turned off after:
sol: Let B be turned off after x min. Then,
Part filled by (A+B) in x min+ part filled by A in (30-x)min=1
Therefore, x(2/75+1/45)+(30-x)(2/75)=1
11x/225 + (60-2x)/75=1
11x+ 180-6x=225
x=9.
So, B must be turned off after 9 minutes.
Time an$ Distance
Formulae:
I)Speed = Distance/Time
II)Time = Distance/speed
III) Distance = speed*time
IV) 1km/hr = 5/18 m/s
V)1 m/s = 18/5 Km/hr
VI)If the ratio of the speed of A and B is a:b,then the ratio of
the time taken by them to cover the same distance is 1/a : 1/b
or b:a
VII) suppose a man covers a distance at x kmph and an equal
distance at y kmph.then the average speed during the whole
journey is (2xy/x+y)kmph
Problems
1)A person covers a certain distance at 7kmph .How many meters
does he cover in 2 minutes.
Solution::
speed=72kmph=72*5/18 = 20m/s
distance covered in 2min =20*2*60 = 2400m
2)If a man runs at 3m/s. How many km does he run in 1hr 40min
Solution::
speed of the man = 3*18/5 kmph
= 54/5kmph
Distance covered in 5/3 hrs=54/5*5/3 = 18km
3)Walking at the rate of 4knph a man covers certain distance
in 2hr 45 min. Running at a speed of 16.5 kmph the man will
cover the same distance in.
Solution::
Distance=Speed* time
4*11/4=11km
New speed =16.5kmph
therefore Time=D/S=11/16.5 = 40min

Complex Problems
1)A train covers a distance in 50 min ,if it runs at a speed
of 48kmph on an average.The speed at which the train must run
to reduce the time of journey to 40min will be.
Solution::
Time=50/60 hr=5/6hr
Speed=48mph
distance=S*T=48*5/6=40km
time=40/60hr=2/3hr
New speed = 40* 3/2 kmph= 60kmph
2)Vikas can cover a distance in 1hr 24min by covering 2/3 of
the distance at 4 kmph and the rest at 5kmph.the total
distance is?
Solution::
Let total distance be S
total time=1hr24min
A to T :: speed=4kmph
diistance=2/3S
T to S :: speed=5km
distance=1-2/3S=1/3S
21/15 hr=2/3 S/4 + 1/3s /5
84=14/3S*3
S=84*3/14*3
= 6km
3)walking at of his usual speed ,a man is late by 2 hr.
the usual time is.
Solution::
Usual speed = S
Usual time = T
Distance = D
New Speed is S
New time is 4/3 T
4/3 T - T = 5/2
T=15/2 = 7
4)A man covers a distance on scooter .had he moved 3kmph
faster he would have taken 40 min less. If he had moved
2kmph slower he would have taken 40min more.the distance is.
Solution::
Let distance = x m
Usual rate = y kmph
x/y - x/y+3 = 40/60 hr
2y(y+3) = 9x --------------1
x/y-2 - x/y = 40/60 hr y(y-2) = 3x -----------------2
divide 1 & 2 equations
by solving we get x = 40
5)Excluding stoppages,the speed of the bus is 54kmph and
including stoppages,it is 45kmph.for how many min does the bus
stop per hr.
Solution::
Due to stoppages,it covers 9km less.
time taken to cover 9 km is [9/54 *60] min = 10min
6)Two boys starting from the same place walk at a rate of
5kmph and 5.5kmph respectively.wht time will they take to be
8.5km apart, if they walk in the same direction
Solution::
The relative speed of the boys = 5.5kmph - 5kmph = 0.5 kmph
Distance between them is 8.5 km
Time= 8.5km / 0.5 kmph = 17 hrs
7)2 trains starting at the same time from 2 stations 200km
apart and going in opposite direction cross each other ata
distance of 110km from one of the stations.what is the ratio of
their speeds.
Solution::
In same time ,they cover 110km & 90 km respectively
so ratio of their speed =110:90 = 11:9
8)Two trains start from A & B and travel towards each other at
speed of 50kmph and 60kmph resp. At the time of the meeting the
second train has traveled 120km more than the first.the distance
between them.
Solution::
Let the distance traveled by the first train be x km
then distance covered by the second train is x + 120km
x/50 = x+120 / 60
x= 600
so the distance between A & B is x + x + 120 = 1320 km
9)A thief steals a ca r at 2.30pm and drives it at 60kmph.the
theft is discovered at 3pm and the owner sets off in another car
at 75kmph when will he overtake the thief
Solution::
Let the thief is overtaken x hrs after 2.30pm
distance covered by the thief in x hrs = distance covered by
the owner in x-1/2 hr
60x = 75 ( x- )
x= 5/2 hr
thief is overtaken at 2.30 pm + 2 hr = 5 pm
10)In covering distance,the speed of A & B are in the ratio
of 3:4.A takes 30min more than B to reach the destion.The time
taken by A to reach the destinstion is.
Solution::
Ratio of speed = 3:4
Ratio of time = 4:3
let A takes 4x hrs,B takes 3x hrs
then 4x-3x = 30/60 hr
x = hr
Time taken by A to reach the destination is 4x = 4 * = 2 hr
11)A motorist covers a distance of 39km in 45min by moving at a
speed of xkmph for the first 15min.then moving at double the
speed for the next 20 min and then again moving at his original
speed for the rest of the journey .then x=?
Solution::
Total distance = 39 km
Total time = 45 min
D = S*T
x * 15/60 + 2x * 20/60 + x * 10/60 = 39 km
x = 36 kmph
12)A & B are two towns.Mr.Fara covers the distance from A t0 B
on cycle at 17kmph and returns to A by a tonga running at a
uniform speed of 8kmph.his average speed during the whole
journey is.
Solution::
When same distance is covered with different speeds,then the
average speed = 2xy / x+y
=10.88kmph
13)A car covers 4 successive 3km stretches at speed of
10kmph,20kmph,30kmph&:60kmph resp. Its average speed is.
Solution::
Average speed = total distance / total time
total distance = 4 * 3 = 12 km
total time = 3/10 + 3/20 + 3/30 + 3/60
= 36/60 hr
speed =12/36 * 60 = 20 kmph

14)A person walks at 5kmph for 6hr and at 4kmph for 12hr.
The average speed is.
Solution::
avg speed = total distance/total time
= 5*6 + 4*12 / 18
=4 1/3 mph
15)A bullock cart has to cover a distance of 80km in 10hrs.
If it covers half of the journeyin 3/5th time.wht should be its
speed to cover the remaining distance in the time left.
Solution::
Time left = 10 - 3/5*10
= 4 hr
speed =40 km /4 hr
=10 kmph
16)The ratio between the speeds of the A& B is 2:3 an
therefore A takes 10 min more than the time taken by B to reach
the destination.If A had walked at double the speed ,he would
have covered the distance in ?
Solution::
Ratio of speed = 2:3
Ratio of time = 3:2
A takes 10 min more
3x-2x = 10 min
A's time=30 min
--->A covers the distance in 30 min ,if its speed is x
-> He will cover the same distance in 15 min,if its speed
doubles (i.e 2x)
17)A is twice as fast as B and B is thrice as fast as C is.
The journey covered by B in?
Solution::
speed's ratio
a : b = 2: 1
b : c = 3:1
Time's ratio
b : c = 1:3
b : c = 18:54
(if c covers in 54 min i..e twice to 18 min )
18)A man performed 3/5 of the total journey by ratio 17/20 by
bus and the remaining 65km on foot.wht is his total journey.
Solution::
Let total distance is x
x-(3/5x + 17/20 x) =6.5
x- 19x/20 = 6.5
x=20 * 6.5
=130 km
19)A train M leaves Meerat at 5 am and reaches Delhi at 9am .
Another train N leaves Delhi at 7am and reaches Meerut at 1030am
At what time do the 2 trains cross one another
Solution::
Let the distance between Meerut & Delhi be x
they meet after y hr after 7am
M covers x in 4hr
N covers x in 3 i.e 7/2 hr
speed of M =x/4
speed of N = 2x/7
Distance covered by M in y+2 hr + Distance covered by N in
y hr is x
x/4 (y+2) +2x/7(y)=x
y=14/15hr or 56 min
20)A man takes 5hr 45min in walking to certain place and riding
back. He would have gained 2hrs by riding both ways.The time he
would take to walk both ways is?
Solution::
Let x be the speed of walked
Let y be the speed of ride
Let D be the distance
Then D/x + D/y = 23/4 hr -------1
D/y + D/y = 23/4 - 2 hr
D/y = 15/8 --------2
substitute 2 in 1
D/x + 15/8 = 23/4
D/x = 23/4 -15/8 =46-15/8 =31/8
Time taken for walk one way is 31/8 hr
time taken to walk to and fro is 2*31/8 = 31/4 hr
=7 hr 45 min
Trains
General Concept:
(1) Time taken by a train x mt long in passing a signal post
or a pole or a standing man = time taken by the train to cover x mt
(2) Time taken by a train x mt long in passing a stationary
object of length y mt = time taken by the train to cover x+y mt
(3) Suppose two trains or two bodies are moving in the same
direction at u kmph and v kmph such that u > v then their
relative speed is u-v kmph
(4)If two trains of length x km and y km are moving in opposite
diredtions at u kmph and vmph,then time taken by the train to
cross each other = (x+y)/(u+v) hr
(5) Suppose two trains or two bdies are moving in opposite direction
at u kmph and v kmph then,their relative speed = (u+v) kmph
(6)If two train start at the same time from 2 points A & B towards
each other and after crossing they take a & b hours in reaching B & A
respectively then A's speed : B's speed = (b^1/2 : a^1/2 )
Problems

(1)Find the time taken by a train 180m long,running at 72kmph in
crossing an electric pole
Solution:
Speed of the train =72*5/18m/s =20 m/s
Distance move din passing the pole = 180m
Requiredtime = 180/20 = 9 seconds
(2)A train 140 m long running at 60kmph.In how much time will it
pass a platform 260m long.
Solution:
Distance travelled =140 + 260 m =400 m,
speed = 60 * 5/18 = 50//3 m
time=400*3 / 50 = 24 Seconds
(3)A man is standing on a railway bridge which is 180 m.He finds
that a train crosses the bridge in 20 seconds but himself in
8 sec. Find the length of the train and its sppeed
Solution:
i)D=180+x
T = 20 seconds
S= 180+x / 20 ------------ 1
ii)D=x
T=8 seconds
D=ST
x=8S ------------- 2
Substitute 2 in 1
S=180 + 8 S / 20
S=15 m/s
Length of the train,x is 8 *15 = 120 m
(4)A train 150m long is running with a speed of 68 mphIn wht
time will it pass a man who is running at a speed of 8kmph in
the same direction in which the train is going
Solution:
Relative Speed = 68-8=60kmph*5/18 = 50/3 m/s
time= 150 * 3 /50 =9sec
5)A train 220m long is running with a speed of 59 k mph /..In
what time will it pass a man who is running at 7 kmph in the
direction opposite to that in which train is going.
Solution:
Relative Speed = 59+7=66kmph*5/18 = 55/3 m/s
time= 220/55 * 3 =12sec

(6)Two trains 137m and 163m in length are running towards each
other on parallel lines,one at the rate of 42kmph & another at
48 mph.In wht time will they be clear of each other from the
moment they meet.
Solution:
Relative speed =42+48 = 90 *5/18 = 25m/s
time taken by the train to pass each other = time taken to cover
(137+163)m at 25 m/s
= 300 /25 s =12 s
(7)A train running at 54 kmph takes 20 sec to pass a platform.
Next it takes 12 sec to pass a man walking at 6kmph in the same
direction in which the train is going.Find length of the train
and length of platform
Solution:
Relative speed w.r.t man = 54-6=48kmph
the length of the train is 48 * 5/18 * 12 =160m
time taken to pass platform =20 sec
Speed of the train = 54 * 5/18 =15m/s
160+x =20 *15
x=140m
length of the platform is 140m
(8)A man sitting in a train which is travelling at 50mph observes
that a goods train travelling in opposite irection takes 9 sec
to pass him .If the goos train is 150m long fin its speed
Solution:
Relative speed =150/9 m/s =60 mph
speed of the train = 60-50 =10kmph
(9)Two trains are moving in the sam e direction at 65kmph and
45kmph. The faster train crosses a man in slower train in18sec.the
length of the faster train is
Solution:
Relative speed =65-45 kmph = 50/9 m/s
Distancce covered in18 s =50/9 * 18 = 100m
the length of the train is 100m
(10)Atrain overtakes two persons who are walking in the same
direction in which the train is going at the rate of 2kmph an
4kmph and passes them completely in 9 sec an 10 sec respectively.
The length of train is
Solution:
2kmph = 5/9 m/s
4 mph =10/9 m/s
Let the length of the trainbe x meters and its speed is y m/s
then x / (y- 5/9) = 9 and x / (y- 10/9) = 10
9y-5 =x and 10(9y-10)=9x
9y-x=5 and 90y-9x=100
on solving we get x=50,lenght of trains
(11) Two stations A & B are 110 km apart on a straight line.
One train starts from A at 7am and travels towards B at 20kmph.
Another train starts from B at 8am an travels toward A at a speed
of 25kmph.At what time will they meet
Solution:
Suppose the train meet x hr after 7am
Distance covered by A in x hr=20x km
20x+25(x-1) = 110
45x=135
x=3
So they meet at 10 am
(12)A traintravelling at 48kmph completely crosses another train
having half its length an travelling inopposite direction at 42kmph
in12 sec.It also passes a railway platform in 45sec.the length of
platform is
Solution:
Let the length of the first train be x mt
then,the length of second train is x/2 mt
relative speed = 48+42 kmph =90 * 5/18 m/s = 25m/s
(x+ x/2)/25 =12
x=200
Length of the train is 200m
Let the length of the platform be y mt
speed f the first train = 48*5/18 m/s = 40/3 m/s
200+y * 3/40 = 45
y=400m

(13)The length of a running trsain in 30% more than the length of
another train B runnng in the opposite direction.To find out the
speed of trtain B,which of the following information given in the
statements P & Q is sufficient
P : The speed of train A is 80 kmph
Q : They too 90 sec to cross each other
(a) Either P & Q is sufficient
(b)Both P & Q are not sufficient
(c)only Q is sufficient
(d)Both P & Q are neeed
Ans: B
Solution:
Let the length of th e train A be x mt
Length of the train B = 130/100 x mt =13x/10 mt
Let the speed of B be y mph,speed of the train A=80mph
relative speed= y+80 * 5/18 m/s
time taken by the trains t cross each other is gven by
90 = (x + 13x/10)/ (5y+400 / 18)
to find y,clearly xis also needed
so,both P & Q are not sufficient
(14)The speed of a train A,100m long is 40% more than then the speed
of another train B,180m long running in opposite direction.To fin out
the speed of B,which of the information given in statements P & Q is
sufficient
P :The two trains crossed each other in 6 seconds
Q : The difference between the spee of the trains is 26kmph
(a)Only P is sufficient
(b)Only Q is sufficient
(c)Both P & Q are needed
(d)Both P & Q are not sufficient
Ans : A
Solution:
Let speed of B be x kmph
then,speed of A =140x/100 kmph =7x/5 mph
relative speed = x + 7x/5 =2x/3 m/s
time taken to cross each other = (100+180)*3/2x s =420/x s
now,420/x = 6
x=70 mph
thus,only P is sufficient
(15)The train running at certain speed crosses astationary enginein
20 seconds.to find out the sped of the train,which of the following
information is necessary
(a)Only the length of the train
(b)only the length of the engine
(c)Either the length of the train or length of engine
(d)Both the length of the train or length of engine
Ans : D
Solution:
Since the sum of lengths of the tran and the engine is needed,
so both the length must be known
BOATS AND STREAMS
Important facts:
1)In water, the direction along the stream is called
down stream.
2)Direction against the stream is called upstream.
3)The speed of boat in still water is U km/hr and the
speed of stream is V
km/hr then
speed down stream =U + V km/hr
speed up stream = U C V km/hr
Formulas:
If the speed down stream is A km/hr and the speed up
stream is B km/hr then
speed in still water = (A+B) km/hr
rate of stream =1/2(A-B) km/hr
PROBLEMS: 1. In one hour a boat goes 11 km long the
stream and 5 km against the stream. The speed
of the boat in still water is?
Sol:
Speed in still water = ( 11+5) km/hr
= 8 kmph
2.A man can row 18 kmph in still water. It takes him
thrice as long as row up as to row
down the river. find the rate of stream.
Sol:
Let man's rate up stream be xkmph
then, in still water =1/2[3x+x]=2x kmph
so, 2x= 18, x=9
rate upstream =9kmph
rate downstream =27 kmph
rate of stream = [27-9]
= 9kmph
3.A man can row 71/2kmph in still watre . if in a
river running at 1.5 km an hour, if
takes him 50 min to row to place and back. how far
off is the place?
Sol:
speed down stream =7.5+1.5=9kmph
speed upstream =7.5-1.5=6kmph
let the required distence x km. then ,
x/9+x/6=50/60 = 2x+3x= 5/6*18
5x=15, x=3
Hence, the required distence is 3 km
4.A man can row 3 quarters of a km aganist the stream
is 111/4 min. the speed of the
man in still water is ?
Sol:
rate upstream = 750/625 m/sec =10/9 m/sec
rate downstream =750/450 m/sec = 5/3 m/sec
rate in still water =1/2[10/9+5/3] = 25/18 m/sec
= 25/18*18/5=5 kmph
5.A boat can travel with a speed of 13 kmph in still
water. if the speed of stream is
4 kmph,find the time taken by the boat to go 68 km
downstream?
Sol: Speed down stream = 13+4= 17 kmph
time taken to travel 68km downstream =68/17 hrs
= 4 hrs
6.A boat takes 90 min less to travel 36 miles
downstream then to travel the same
distence upstream. if the speed of the boat in still
water is 10 mph .
the speed of the stream is :
Sol:
Let the speed of the stream be x mph .
then, speed downstream = [10+x]mph
speed upstream =[10-x] mph
36/[10+x] - 36/[10-x] = 90/60 =72x*60= 90[100-x2]
(x+50)(x-2) =0
x=2 kmph
7.At his usual rowing rate, Rahul 12 miles down
stream in a certain river in 6 hrs
less than it takes him to travel the same distence
upstream. but if he could double
his usual rowing rate for his 24 miles roundthe down
stream 12 miles would then
take only one hour less than the up stream 12 miles.
what is the speed of the
current in miles per hours?
Sol:
Let the speed in still water be x mph and the speed
of the curren be y mph.
then, speed upstream = (x-y)
speed downstream =(x+y)
12/(x-y) - 12/(x+y) = 6
6(x2 C y2) m= 2xy => x2 C y2 =4y -(1)
and 12/(2x-y) - 12/(2x+y) =1 => 4x2 C y2 = 24y
x2= ( 24y + y2)/4 -->(2)
from 1 and 2 we have
4y+ y2 =( 24y+y2)/4
y=8/3 mph
y= 22/3 mph
8.There is a road beside a river. two friends started
from a place A, moved to a
temple situated at another place B and then returned
to A again. one of them
moves on a cycle at a speed of 12 kmph, while the
other sails on a boat at a
speed of 10 kmph . if the river flows at the speedof
4 kmph , which of the
two friends will return to place A first ?
Sol:
Clearly, The cyclist moves both ways at a speed of 12
kmph
so, average speed of the cyclist = 12 kmph
the boat sailor moves downstream = (10+4) = 14 kmph
upstream =(10-4) = 6 kmph
So, average speed of the boat sailor =[ 2*14*6]/
[14+6] kmph
=42/5 kmph =8.4 kmph
Since, the average speed of the cyclist is greater,
he will return to A first.
9.A boat takes 19 hrs for travelling downstream from
point A to point B. and
coming back to a point C midway between A and B. if
the velocity of the sream is 4 kmph .
and the speed of the boat in still water is 14 kmph.
what is the distence between
A and B?
Sol:
speed downstream =14+4 =18 kmph
speed upstream = 14 -4 = 10 kmph
let the distence between A and B be x km. then,
x/18 + (x/2)/10 = 19
x/18 + x/20 =19
19x/180 =19 =>x = 180km
Hence, the distence between A and B bw 180 km
ALLI#ATION OR MI'T"RES
Important Facts an$ Form*la+
1.Allegation:It is the rule that enables us to find the
ratio in which two of ore
in!redients at the !i"en #rice ust be
i$ed to #roduce a i$ture of a desired #rice.
%.Mean rice:The cost #rice of a unit &uantit' of the i$ture
is called the ean #rice.
(.R*le of Allegation:If two in!redients are i$ed then
)uantit' of *hea#er + )uantit' of Dearer ,
-*.. of Dearer /01 Mean .rice2 +-Mean .rice/01*.. of *hea#er2.
C.P of a unit quantity of cheaper(c) C.P of unit quantity of
dearer(d)
Mean Price(m)
(d-m) (m-c)
Cheaper quantity:Dearer quantity = (d-m):(m-c)
4.Suppose a container contains x units of liquid from which y units
are taken out and replaced by water. After n operations the
quantity of pure liquid = x (1 C y/x)n units.
SOL,ED RO&LEMS
Simple pro!lems+
-.In .%at ratio m*st rice at Rs /.01 per 2g !e mi3e$ .it% rice
at Rs -1.41 per 2g so t%at t%e mi3t*re !e .ort% Rs -1 per 2g5
Sol*tion+
C.P of 1 Kg rice of 1st kind 930 p C.P of 1 Kg rice of 2n d kind
1080p
Mean Price 1000p
80 70
Re6*ire$ ratio741+81 7 4+8
9.Ho. m*c% .ater m*st !e a$$e$ to :1 liters of mil) at --;9 liters
for Rs 91 so as to %ave a mi3t*re .ort% Rs -1 9;0 a liter5
Sol*tion+C. of - lit of mil) 7 91<9;0 7 =1;0
C.P of 1 lit of water 0 C.P of 1 lit of milk 40/3
Mean Price 32/3
8/3 32/3
Ratio of .ater an$ mil) 74;0 + 09;0 7 -+=
>*antit? of .ater to !e a$$e$ to :1 lit of mil) 7-;=<:17-@ liters.
0.In .%at ratio m*st .ater to !e mi3e$ .it% mil) to gain
91A !? selling t%e mi3t*re at cost price5
Sol*tion+Let t%e C. of mil) !e Re - per liter
T%en S. of - liter of mi3t*re 7 Re.-
#ain o!taine$ 791A.
T%erefore C. of - liter mi3t*re 7 RsB-11;-91<-C 7@;:
C.P of 1 liter of water 0 C.P of 1 liter of milk1
Mean Price 5/6
1/6 5/6
Ratio of .ater an$ mil) 7-;: + @;: 7 -+@.
=.In .%at ratio m*st a grocer mi3 t.o varieties of p*lses
costing Rs -@ an$ Rs 91 per 2g respectivel? so as to get
a mi3t*re .ort% Rs -:.@1 per 2g5
Sol*tion+
Cost of 1 Kg pulses of 1 kind 15 Cost of 1 Kg pulses of 2nd kind 20
Mean Price Rs 16.50
3.50 1.50
Re6*ire$ ratio 70.@1 + -.@1 7 0@+-@ 7 8+0.
@. =2g s of rice at Rs @ per 2g is mi3e$ .it% 4 2g of rice
at Rs : per 2g .Fin$ t%e average price of t%e mi3t*re5
Sol*tion+
rice of 5 Rs per Kg rice of 6 Rs per Kg
Average price Aw
6-Aw Aw-5
B:DA.C;BA.D@C 7 =;4 7-;9
-9D9A. 7 A.D@
0A. 7 -8
A. 7 @.:: per 2g.
:.@2g of rice at Rs : per 2g is mi3e$ .it% = 2g of rice to
get a mi3t*re costing Rs 8 per 2g. Fin$ t%e price
of t%e costlier rice5
Sol*tion+"sing t%e cross met%o$+
rice at Rs 6 per Kg rice at Rs x per Kg
Mean price Rs 7 per Kg
5 4
x-7:1=5:4
4x-28 = 5
4x=33=>x=Rs 8.25.
Therefore price of costlier rice is Rs 8.25 per Kg
Me$i*m ro!lems:
1.A butler stole wine fro a butt of sherr' which contained
345 of s#irit and he re#laced6what he had stolen b' wine
containin! onl' 175 s#irit. The butt was then of %35
stren!th onl'. 8ow uch of the butt did he steal9
Solution:
Wine containing 40%spirit Wine containing 16% spirit
Wine containing 24% spirit
8 16
The' ust be i$ed in the ratio of ,1:%.
Thus 1+( of the butt of sherr' was left and hence the
butler drew out %+( of the butt.
%.The a"era!e wee:l' salar' #er head of the entire staff
of a factor' consistin! of su#er"isors and the laborers
is Rs 74.The a"era!e salar' #er head of the su#er"isors
is Rs 344 and that of the laborers is Rs ;7.<i"en that
the nuber of su#er"isors is 1%.=ind the nuber of
laborers in the factor'.
Solution:
Average salary of laborer Rs 56 Average salary of supervisors Rs 400
Average salary of entire staff Rs 60
340 4
Nuber of laborer + Nuber of Su#er"isors , (34 + 3,>;+1
Thus6if the nuber of su#er"isors is 16nuber of laborers ,>;.
Therefore if the nuber of su#er"isors is 1% nuber of laborers
>;?1%,14%4.
(.The cost of t'#e 1 rice is Rs 1; #er @! and t'#e % rice
is Rs %4 #er @!. If both t'#e1 and t'#e % are i$ed in the
ratio of %:(6then the #rice #er @! of the i$ed "ariet'
of rice is9
Solution:Aet the #rice of the i$ed "ariet' be Rs $ #er @!.
Cost of 1 Kg of type 1 rice Rs 15 Cost of 1 Kg of type 2 rice Rs 20

Mean Price Rs x
20-x x-15
-%4B$2 +- $B1;2 , %+(
,C 74B($ , %$B(4
;$ , D4,C$,1>.
3.In what ratio ust a !rocer i$ two "arieties of tea worth
Rs 74 a @! and Rs 7; a @! so that b' sellin! the i$ture
at Rs 7>.%4 a @! he a' !ain 1459
Solution:S.. of 1 @! of the i$ture , Rs 7>.%46!ain ,145
S.. of 1 @! of the i$ture , Rs -144+114?7>.%42,Rs 7%.
Cost of 1 Kg tea of 1st kind 60 Cost of 1 Kg tea of 2nd kind 65
Mean Price Rs 62
3 2
Re&uired ratio ,(:%.
;.A dishonest il:an #rofesses to sell his il: at cost #rice
but he i$es t with water and there b' !ains %;5 .The #ercenta!e
of water in the i$ture is9
Solution:Aet *. . of 1 liter il: be Re 1.
Then S.. of 1 liter i$ture,Re 1. <ain,%;5
*.. of 1 liter i$ture ,Re-144+1%;?12 , Re 3+;.
C.P of 1 liter milk Re 1 C.P of 1 liter of water 0
Mean Price 4/5
4/5 1/5
Ratio of il: to water ,3+; : 1+; , 3:1
8ence #ercenta!e of water n the i$ture,1+;?144,%45.
1%.A erchant has 1444@! of su!ar6#art of which he sells at >5
#rofit and the rest at 1>5 #rofit. 8e !ains 135 on the whole.
The &uantit' sold at 1>5 #rofit is9
Solution:
Profit on 1st part 8% Profit on 2nd part 18%
Mean Profit 14%
4 6
Ratio of 1st and %nd #arts ,3:7 ,%:(.
)uantit' of %nd ind ,(+;?1444@! ,744 @!.
7.A Ear full of whis:e' contains 345 alcohol. A #art of
this whis:e' is re#laced b' another containin! 1D5 alcohol
and now the #ercenta!e of alcohol was found to be %75.
The &uantit' of whis:e' re#laced is9
Solution:
Strength of first jar 40% Strength of 2nd jar 19%

Mean Strength 26%
7 14
So,ratio of 1st and 2nd quantities =7:14 =1:2
Therefore required quantity replaced =2/3.
7.A container contains 40lit of milk. From this
container
4 lit of milk was taken out and replaced by water.
This process was repeated further two times.
How much milk is now contained by the container?
Solution:Amount of milk left after 3 operations =
40(1-4/40)3lit
=(40*9/10*9/10*9/10)
= 29.16 lit
Comple3 ro!lems:
1.Tea worth Rs 1%7 #er @! are i$ed with a third "ariet' in
the ratio 1:1:%. If the i$ture is worth Rs 1;( #er @! 6
the #rice of the third "ariet' #er @! will be9
Solution:
Since =irst and second "arieties are i$ed in e&ual #ro#ortions
so their a"era!e #rice ,Rs -1%7F1(;2+% , 1(4.;4.
So the i$ture is fored b' i$in! two "arieties 6one at
Rs 1(4.;4 #er @! and the other at sa' Rs $ #er @! in the
ratio %:% i e61:1 we ha"e to find $.
Costof 1Kg tea of 1st kind RS 130.50 Costof 1Kg tea of 2n d kind Rs
x.
Mean Price Rs 153
x-153 22.50
-$,1;(2+%%.; , 1 ,C$B1;( , %%.;
$ , 1G;.;4.
.rice of the third "ariet' ,Rs 1G;.;4 #er @!.
%.The il: and water in two "essels A and B are in the ratio 3:(
and %:( res#ecti"el'. In what ratio the li&uids in both the
"essels be i$ed to obtain a new i$ture in "essel c
consistin! half il: and half water9
Solution:Aet the *.. of il: be Re 1 #er liter.
Mil: in 1 liter i$ture of A , 3+G liter.
Mil: in 1 liter i$ture of B , %+; liter.
Mil: in 1 liter i$ture of * , 1+% liter.
*.. of 1 liter i$ture in A,Re 3+G
*.. of 1 liter i$ture in B,Re %+;.
Mean .rice , Re 1+%.
B' rule of alle!ation we ha"e:
C.P of 1 liter mixture in A C.P of 1 liter mixture in B
4/7 2/5
Mean Price
1/10 1/14
Re&uired ratio , 1+14 : 1+13 , G:;.
(.8ow an' @! s of wheat costin! hi Rs 1.%46Rs 1.33
and Rs 1.G3 #er @! so that the i$ture a' be worth
Rs 1.31 #er @!9
Solution:
Ste#1:Mi$ wheat of first and third :ind to !et a i$ture
worth Rs 1.31 #er @!.
C.P of 1 Kg wheat of 1st kind 120p C.P of 1 Kg wheat of 3rd kind 174p

Mean Price 141p
33 21
The' ust be i$ed in the ratio ,((:%1 , 11:G
Ste#%:Mi$ wheats of 1st and %n d :ind to obtain a i$ture
worth of 1.31.#er @!.
C.P of 1 Kg wheat of 1st kind 120p C.P of 1 Kg wheat of 2n d kind
144p

Mean Price 141p

3 21
The' ust be i$ed in the ratio , (:%1,1:G.
Thus6)uantit' of %n d :ind of wheat + )uantit' of
(rd :ind of wheat , G+1?11+G, 11+1
)uantities of wheat of 1st :%n d:(rd , 11:GG:G.
3.Two "essels A and B contain s#irit and water i$ed in
the ratio ;:% and G:7 res#ecti"el'. =ind the ratio n which
these i$ture be i$ed to obtain a new i$ture in "essel
c containin! s#irit and water in the ratio >:;9
Solution:Aet the *.. of s#irit be Re 1 #er liter.
S#irit in 1 liter i$ of A , ;+G liter.
*.. of 1 liter i$ in A ,;+G.
S#irit in 1 liter i$ of B , G+1( liter.
*.. of 1 liter i$ in B ,G+1(.
S#irit in 1 liter i$ of * , >+1( liter.
*.. of 1 liter i$ in * ,>+1(.
C.P of 1 liter mixture in A 5/7 C.P of 1 liter mixture in B 7/13
Mean Price 8/13
1/13 9/91
Therefore re&uired ratio , 1+1( : D+D1 , G:D.
;.A il: "endor has % cans of il: .The first contains ;5 water
and the rest il:. The second contains ;45 water. 8ow uch il:
should he i$ fro each of the container so as to !et 1% liters
of il: such that the ratio of water to il: is (:;9
Solution:Aet cost of 1 liter il: be Re 1.
Mil: in 1 liter i$ture in 1st can , (+3 lit.
*.. of 1 liter i$ture in 1st can ,Re (+3
Mil: in 1 liter i$ture in %n d can , 1+% lit.
*.. of 1 liter i$ture in %n d can ,Re 1+%
Mil: in 1 liter final i$ture , ;+> lit.
Mean .rice , Re ;+>.
C.P of 1 lt mix in 1st Re3/4 C.P of 1 lt mix in 2nd Re1/2
Mean Price 5/8
1/8 1/8
There ratio of two i$tures ,1+> :1+> , 1:1.
So6&uantit' of i$ture ta:en fro each can,1+%?1%
, 7 liters.
7.One &uantit' of wheat at Rs D.(4 #
er @! are i$ed
with another &ualit' at a certain rate in the ratio >:G.
If the i$ture so fored be worth Rs 14 #er @! 6what is
the rate #er @! of the second &ualit' of wheat9
Solution:Aet the rate of second &ualit' be Rs $ #er @!.
C.P of 1Kg wheat of 1st 980p C.P of 1 Kg wheat of 2nd 100x p
Mean Price 1000p
100x-1000p 70 p
(100x-1000) / 70 = 8/7
700x -7000 = 560
700x = 7560 =>x = Rs 10.80.
Therefore the rate of second quality is Rs10.80
7.8lit are drawn from a wine and is then filled with
water.
This operation is performed three more times.The
ratio of
the quantity of wine now left in cask to that of the
water
is 16:81. How much wine did the cask hold originally?
Solution:
Let the quantity of the wine in the cask originally
be x liters.
Then quantity of wine left in cask after
4 operations = x(1- 8/x)4lit.
Therefore x((1-(8/x))4)/x = 16/81.
(1- 8/x)4=(2/3) 4
(x- 8)/x=2/3
3x-24 =2x
x=24.
8.A can contains a mixture of two liquids A and B in
the
ratio 7:5 when 9 liters of mixture are drawn off and
the
can is filled with B,the ratio of A and B becomes
7:9.
How many liters of liquid A was contained by the can
initially?
Solution:
Suppose the can initially contains 7x and 5x liters
of mixtures A and B respectively .
Quantity of A in mixture left = (7x- (7/12)*9 )lit
= 7x - (21/4) liters.
Quantity of B in mixture left = 5x - 5/12*9
= 5x - (15/4) liters
Therefore (7x C 21/4)/ (5x C 15/4+9)=7/9
(28x-21)/(20x +21)= 7/9
(252x -189)= 140x +147
112x = 336
=> x=3.
So the can contains 21 liters of A.
9.A vessel is filled with liquid,3 parts of which are
water
and 5 parts syrup. How much of the mixture must be
drawn off
and replaced with water so that the mixture may be
half water and half syrup?
Solution:
Suppose the vessal initially contains 8 liters of
liquid.
Let x liters of this liquid be replaced with water
then quantity of water in new mixture
= 3-(3x/8)+x liters.
Quantity of syrup in new mixture = 5 - 5x/8 liters.
Therefore 3 - 3x/8 +x = 5 - 5x/8
5x+24 = 40-5x
10x = 16.
x= 8/5.
So part of the mixture replaced = 8/5*1/8 =1/5.
SIMLE INTEREST
CONCET
->Principal or Sum:- The money borrowed or lent out for a certain
period is called Principal or the Sum.

->Interest:- Extra money paid for using others money is called
Interest.

->Simple Interest:- If the interest on a sum borrowed for a certain
period is
reckoned uniformly,then it is called
Simple Interest.

->Formulae:-
Principal = P
Rate = R% per annum
Time = T years. Then,

(i)Simple Interest(S.I)= (P*T*R)/100

(ii) Principal(P) = (100*S.I)/(R*T)
Rate(R) = (100*S.I)/(P*T)
Time(T) = (100*S.I)/(P*R)
SIMLE RO&LEMS
1.Find S.I on Rs68000 at 16 2/3% per annum for 9months.
Sol:- P=68000
R=50/3% p.a
T=9/12 years=4/3 years

S.I=(P*R*T)/100
=(68000*(50/3)*(3/4)*(1/100))
=Rs 8500

Note:- If months are given we have to converted into years by dividing
12 ie., no.of months/12=years

(2)Find S.I on Rs3000 at 18% per annum for the period from 4th Feb to
18th April 1995
Sol:- Time=(24+31+18)days
=73 days
=73/365=1/5 years


P= Rs 3000
R= 18% p.a

S.I = (P*R*T)/100
=(3000*18*1/5*1/100)
=Rs 108

Remark:- The day on which money is deposited is not counted while the
day on which money is withdrawn is counted.

3. In how many years will a sum of money becomes triple at 10% per
annum.
Sol:- Let principal =P
S.I = 2P
S.I = (P*T*R)/100
2P = (P*T*10)/100
T = 20 years
Note:-(I) Total amount = Principal + S.I
(2) If sum of money becomes double means Total amount or Sum
= Principal + S.I
= P + P = 2P
MEDIUM PROBLEMS
1. A sum at Simple interest at 13 1/2% per annum amounts to Rs 2502.50
after 4 years.Find the sum.
Sol:- Let Sum be x. then,
S.I = (P*T*R)/100
= ((x*4*27)/(100*2))
= 27x/100
Amount = (x+(27x)/100)
= 77x/50
77x/50 = 2502.50
x = (2502.50*50)/77
= 1625

Sum = 1625

2. A some of money becomes double of itself in 4 years in 12 years it
will become how many times at the same rate.
Sol:- 4 yrs - - - - - - - - - P
12 yrs - - - - - - - - - ?
(12/4)* P =3P
Amount or Sum = P+3P = 4 times

3. A Sum was put at S.I at a certain rate for 3 years.Had it been put
at 2% higher rate ,it would have fetched Rs 360 more .Find the Sum.
Sol:- Let Sum =P
original rate = R
T = 3 years

If 2% is more than the original rate ,it would have fetched 360 more
ie., R+2

(P*(R+2)*3/100) - (P*R*3)/100 = 360
3PR+ 6P-3PR = 36000

6P = 36000
P = 6000
Sum = 6000.

4.Rs 800 amounts to Rs 920 in 3yrs at S.I.If the interest rate is
increased by 3%, it would amount to how much?
Sol:- S.I = 920 - 800 = 120
Rate = (100*120)/(800*3) = 5%
New Rate = 5 + 3 = 8% , Principal = 800 , Time = 3 yrs

S.I = (800*8*3)/100 = 192

New Amount = 800 + 192
= 992

5. Prabhat took a certain amount as a loan from bank at the rate of 8%
p.a S.I and gave the same amount to Ashish as a loan at the rate of 12%
p.a . If at the end of 12 yrs, he made a profit of Rs. 320 in the
deal,What was the original amount?
Sol:- Let the original amount be Rs x.
T = 12
R1 = 8% R2 = 12% Profit = 320
P = x
(P*T*R2)/100 - (P*T*R1)/100 =320
(x*12*12)/100 - (x*8*12)/100 = 320
x = 2000/3
x = Rs.666.67


6. Simple Interest on a certail sum at a certain rate is 9/16 of the
sum . if the
number representing rate percent and time in years be equal ,then
the rate is.
Sol:- Let Sum = x .Then,
S.I = 9x/16
Let time = n years & rate = n%
n = 100 * 9x/16 * 1/x * 1/n
n * n = 900/16
n = 30/4 = 7 1/2%
COMLE' RO&LEMS
1. A certain sum of money amounts t 1680 in 3yrs & it becomes 1920
in 7 yrs .What is the sum.
Sol:- 3 yrs - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1680
7 yrs - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1920
then, 4 yrs - - - - - - - - - - - - - 240
1 yr - - - - - - - - - - - - -
?
(1/4) * 240 = 60
S.I in 3 yrs = 3*60 = 18012
Sum = Amount - S.I
= 1680 - 180
= 1500
we get the same amount if we take S.I in 7 yrs
I.e., 7*60 =420
Sum = Amount - S.I
= 1920 - 420
= 1500

2. A Person takes a loan of Rs 200 at 5% simple Interest. He returns
Rs.100 at the end of 1 yr. In order to clear his dues at the end of
2yrs ,he would pay:
Sol:- Amount to be paid
= Rs(100 + (200*5*1)/100 + (100*5*1)/100)
= Rs 115

3. A Man borrowed Rs 24000 from two money lenders.For one loan, he
paid 15% per annum and for other 18% per annum .At the end of one
year,he paid Rs.4050.How much did he borrowed at each rate?
Sol:- Let the Sum at 15% be Rs.x
& then at 18% be Rs (24000-x)
P1 = x R1 = 15
P2 = (24000-x) R2 = 18

At the end of ine year T = 1
(P1*T*R1)/100 + (P2*T*R2)/100 = 4050
(x*1*15)/100 + ((24000-x)*1*18)/100 = 4050
15x + 432000 - 18x = 405000
x = 9000
Money borrowed at 15% = 9000
Money borrowed at 18% = (24000 - 9000)
= 15000

4. What annual instalment will discharge a debt of Rs. 1092 due in 3
years
at 12% Simple Interest ?
Sol:- Let each instalment be Rs x

(x + (x * 12 * 1)/100) + (x + (x * 12 *
2)/100) + x = 1092
28x/25 + 31x/25 + x =1092
(28x +31x + 25x) = (1092 * 25)
84x = 1092 * 25
x = (1092*25)/84 = 325
Each instalement = 325
5. If x,y,z are three sums of money such that y is the simple interest
on x,z
is the simple interest on y for the same time and at the same
rate of
interest ,then we have:
Sol:- y is simple interest on x, means
y = (x*R*T)/100
RT = 100y/x
z is simple interest on y,
z = (y*R*T)/100
RT = 100z/y
100y/x = 100z/y
y * y = xz

6.A Sum of Rs.1550 was lent partly at 5% and partly at 5% and partly at
8% p.a Simple interest .The total interest received after 3 years was
Rs.300.The ratio of the money lent at 5% to that lent at 8% is:
Sol:- Let the Sum at 5% be Rs x
at 8% be Rs(1550-x)
(x*5*3)/100 + ((1500-x)*8*3)/100 = 300
15x + 1500 * 24 - 24x = 30000
x = 800
Money at 5%/ Money at 8% = 800/(1550 -
800)
= 800/750 = 16/15

7. A Man invests a certain sum of money at 6% p.a Simple interest and
another sum at 7% p.a Simple interest. His income from interest after
2 years was Rs 354 .one fourth of the first sum is equal to one fifth
of the second sum.The total sum invested was:
Sol:- Let the sums be x & y
R1 = 6 R2 = 7
T = 2
(P1*R1*T)/100 + (P2*R2*T)/100 = 354

(x * 6 * 2)/100 + (y * 7 * 2)/100 = 354
6x + 7y = 17700
CCC(1)
also one fourth of the first sum is equal to one
fifth of the second sum
x/4 = y/5 => 5x - 4y = 0 CC (2)
By solving 1 & 2 we get,
x = 1200 y = 1500
Total sum = 1200 +1500
= 2700

8. Rs 2189 are divided into three parts such that their
amounts after 1,2& 3 years respectively may be equal ,the rate of
S.I being 4% p.a in all cases. The Smallest part is:
Sol:- Let these parts be x,y and[2189-(x+y)] then,
(x*1*4)/100 = (y*2*4)/100 = (2189-
(x+y))*3*4/100
4x/100 = 8y/100
x = 2y
By substituting values
(2y*1*4)/100 = (2189-3y)*3*4/100
44y = 2189 *12
y = 597
Smallest Part = 597

9. A man invested 3/3 of his capital at 7% , 1/4 at 8% and the
remainder at 10%
If his annual income is Rs.561. The capital is:
Sol:- Let the capital be Rs.x

Then, (x/3 * 7/100 * 1) + ( x/4 * 8/100 * 1)
+ (5x/12 * 10/100 * 1) = 561

7x/300 + x/50 + x/24 = 561
51x = 561 * 600
x = 6600
COMO"ND INTEREST
CONCET
Compo*n$ Interest+Sometimes it so %appens t%at t%e !orro.er an$
t%e len$er agree to fi3 *p a certain *nit of time Esa? ?earl? or %alfD?earl?
or 6*arterl? to settle t%e previo*s acco*nt.
In s*c% cases Et%e amo*nt after t%e first *nit of time !ecomes t%e principal
for t%e 9n$ *nit Et%e amo*nt after secon$ *nit !ecomes t%e principal for
t%e
0r$ *nit an$ so on.
After a specifie$ perio$ Et%e $ifference !et.een t%e amo*nt an$ t%e mone?
!orro.e$ is calle$ Compo*n$ Interest for t%at perio$.
Form*lae+
Let principal7pERate7RA per ann*m Time7n?ears
-.(%en interest is compo*n$e$ Ann*all?E
Amo*nt7F-GBR;-11CHn
9.(%en interest is compo*n$e$ Half?earl?E
Amo*nt7F-GBBR;9C-11CH9n
0.(%en interest is compo*n$e$ >*aterl?E
Amo*nt7F-GBBR;=C-11CH=n
=.(%en interest is compo*n$e$ Ann*all?E!*t time in fractions sa? 0 9;@
?rs
Amo*nt7F-GBR;-11CH0F-GBB9R;@C;-11CH
@.(%en rates are $ifferent for $ifferent ?ears R-AER9AER0A for -st E9n$
E
0r$ ?rs respectivel?
Amo*nt7F-GBR-;-11CHF-GBR9;-11CHF-GBR0;-11CH
:.resent (ort% of Rs.' $*e n ?ears %ence is given !?
resent (ort%7';F-GBR;-11CHn
SIMLE RO&LEMS
-.Fin$ CI on Rs.:9@1 at -:A per ann*m for 9?rs Ecompo*n$e$ ann*all?.
Sol+
Rate R7-:En79Erinciple7Rs.:9@1
Met%o$-+
Amo*nt7F-GBR;-11CHn
7:9@1F-GB-:;-11CH9
7Rs.4=-1
C.I7Amo*ntD
74=-1D:9@1
7Rs.9-:1
Met%o$9+
I?earDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD:9@1G-111
IIInterest for -st ?r on :9@1
II ?rDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD:9@1G-111G-:1
IIInterest for I-?r on -111
C.I.7-111G-111G-:1
7Rs.9-:1
9.Fin$ C.I on Rs.-:111 at 91A per ann*m for / mont%s compo*n$e$
6*aterl?
Sol+
Met%o$I+
R791A
-9mont%sDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD91A
7J 0 mont%sDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD@A
For / mont%sEt%ere are K0K 0mont%s
DDDDDDDD-:111G411
DDDDDDDD-:111G411G=1
DDDDDDDD-:111G411G=1G-1G9
7JRs.9@99
Met%o$II+
Amo*nt7F-GBR;-11CHn
7-:111F-GB@;-11CH0
7Rs.-4@99
C.I7-4@99D-:111
7Rs.9@99MEDI"M RO&LEMS
-.T%e $ifference !et.een C.I an$ S.I. on a certain s*m at -1A per ann*m
for 9 ?rs is Rs.:0-.fin$ t%e s*m
Sol+
Met%o$I+
NOTE+
aC For 9 ?rs DDDDDDDDJs*m7B-119D;R9C
!C For 0 ?rs DDDDDDDDJs*m7B-110D;R9B011GRCC
S*m7-119<:0-;-19
7Rs.:0-11
Met%o$II+
Let t%e s*m !e Rs.'ET%en
C.I.7'F-GB-1;-11CH9D'
S.I7B'<-1<9C;-11
7';@
C.IDS.I.79-';-11D';@
7';-11
';-117:0-
'7Rs.:0-11
9.If C.I on a certain s*m for 9 ?rs at -9A per ann*m is Rs.-@/1.
(%at .o*l$ !e S.I5
sol+
C.I.7Amo*ntDrinciple
Let !e '
C.I7'F-GB-9;-11CH9D'
7J84=';:9@D'7-@/1
7J'7Rs.:9@1
S.I7B:9@1<-9<9C;-117Rs.-@11
0.A s*m of mone? amo*nts to Rs.::/1 after 0 ?rs an$ to Rs.-110@!
after : ?rs on C.I .fin$ t%e s*m
sol+
For 0 ?rsE
Amo*nt7F-GBR;-11CH07::/1DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDB-C
For : ?rsE
Amo*nt7F-GBR;-11CH:7-110@DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDB9C
B-C;B9CDDDDDDDDDDDDF-GBR;-11CH07-110@;::/1
70;9
F-GBR;-11CH070;9DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDB0C
s*!stit*e B0C in B-C
p<B0;9C7::/1
7Jp7Rs.==:1
s*m7Rs.==:1
=.A s*m of mone? $o*!les itself at C.I in -@?rs.In %o. man? ?rs .ill it
!ecome 4 times5
sol+
Compo*n$ Interest for -@?rs pF-GBR;-11CH-@
pF-GBR;-11CH-@79
7JpF-GBR;-11CHn74
7JF-GBR;-11CHn74
7JF-GBR;-11CHn790
7JF-GBR;-11CHn7F-GBR;-11CH-@<0
since F-GBR;-11CH 79
n7=@?rs
@.T%e amo*nt of Rs.8@11 at C.I at =A per ann*m for 9?rs is
sol+
I?earDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD8@11G011B011DDDDDDInterest on 8@11C
II?ear DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD8@11G011G-9B-9DDDDDDDDDDDD=A interest on 011C
Amo*nt78@11G011G011G-9
7Rs.4--9
:.T%e $ifference !et.een C.I an$ S.I on a s*m of mone? for 9 ?rs at
-9-;9A per ann*m is Rs.-@1.t%e s*m is
sol+
S*m7-119D;R97B -119<-@1C ;B9@;9C97Rs./:11
8.If t%e S.I on s*m of mone? at -@A per ann*m for 0?rs is Rs.-911E
t%e C.I on t%e same s*m for t%e same perio$ at same rate isDDDDDDDDD
sol+
S.I7-911
<T<R;-117-911
<0<@;-117-911
7J7Rs.4111
C.I for Rs.4111 at @A for 0 ?rs isDDDDDDDDDDDDD4111G=11
DDDDDDDDDDDDD4111G=11G91
DDDDDDDDDDDDD4111G=11G91G91G-
C.I 7=11G=11G91G=11G91G91G-
7Rs.-9:-
COMLE' RO&LEMS
-.A certain s*m amo*nts to Rs.80@1 in 9 ?rs an$ to Rs.4@8@
in 0 ?rs.Fin$ t%e s*m an$ rateA5
sol+
S.I. on Rs.80@1 for -?r 7Rs.B4@8@D80@1C
7Rs.-99@
S.I. on Rs.80@1 for 9?rs7Rs.9<-99@
7Rs.9=@1
TR;-1179=@1
7J<9<R;-1179=@1
Since S.I. on Rs.80@1 for -?r 7Rs.B4@8@D80@1C
7Rs.-99@
Rate R7-11<-99@;B80@1<-1
7-: 9;0A
Since it is C.I ELet s*m !e Rs.'
T%en 'F-GBR;-11CH9780@1
7J'F-GB@1;-11CH9780@1
7J'780@1<B0:;=/C
S*m7Rs.@=11
9.If t%e $ifference !et.een C.I compo*n$e$ %alf?earl? an$ S.I on
a s*m at -1A per ann*m for one ?r is Rs.9@ t%e s*m is
sol+
pF-GBBR;9C;-11CH9nDTR;-1179@
F-GBB-1;9C;-11CH9nD<-<-1;-1179@
7J7Rs.=11
0.A man !orro.e$ Rs.411 at -1 A per ann*m S.I an$ imme$iatel? lent
t%e .%ole s*m at -1A per ann*m C.I (%at $oes %e gain at t%e en$ of
9?rs5
sol+
C.I.7Rs.F411F-GB-1;-11C9HD411H7Rs.-:4
S.I7Rs.F411<-1<9;-11H7Rs.-:1
#ain7C.IDS.I7RsB-:4D-:1C
7Rs.4
=.On .%at s*m of mone? .ill !e S.I for 0 ?rs at 4A per ann*m !e %alf
of C.I on Rs.=11 for 9 ?rs at -1A per ann*m5
sol+
C.I on Rs.=11 for 9?rs at -1A7Rs.F=11<F-GB-1;-11CH9D=11H
7Rs.4=
Re6*ire$ S.I 7-;9<4=7=9;D
Ne. S.I7Rs.=9ETime70?rs Rate74A
S*m7Rs.F-11<=9;B0<4CH
7Rs.-8@
@.A s*m of mone? place$ at C.I $o*!les itself in @?rs .It .ill amo*nt to
4 times itself inDDDDDDDDDDDDD
sol+
pF-GBR;-11CH@79
7JF-GBR;-11CH@79
To !ecome 4 times 7J4
pF-GBR;-11CH@79L0
7F-GBR;-11CHLB@<0C
7F-GBR;-11CHL-@
n7-@?ears
Areas
Important Facts and Formulae:
Results On Triangle
1.Sum of the angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.
2.The sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater
than third side.
3.Pythagoras Theorem:
In a right angled triangle (Hypotenuse)2 = (Base)2 +(Height)2
4.The line joining the mid point of a side of a triangle
to the opposite vertex is called the MEDIAN.
5.The point where the three medians of a triangle meet,
is called CENTROID. The centroid divides each of the
medians in the ratio 2:1
6.In an isosceles triangle, the altitude from the
vertex bisects the base
7.The median of a triangle divides it into two triangles
of the same area.
8.The area of the triangle formed by joining the mid points
of the sides of a given triangle is one-fourth of the area
of the given triangle.
Results On Quadrilaterals
1.The diagonals of a Parallelogram bisect each other.
2.Each diagonal of a Parallelogram divides it into two
triangles of the same area.
3.The diagonals of a Rectangle are equal and bisect
each other
4.The diagonals of a Square are equal and bisect each
other at right angles.
5.The diagonals of a Rhombus are unequal and bisect
each other at right angles.
6.A Parallelogram and a Rectangle on the same base
and between the same parallels are equal in area.
7.Of all he parallelogram of given sides the parallelogram
which is a rectangle has the greatest area.

Formulae
1.Area of a RECTANGLE = length * breadth
Length = (Area/Breadth) and Breadth = (Area/Length)
2.Perimeter of a RECTANGLE = 2(Length + Breadth)
3.Area of a SQUARE = (side)2 = ( Diagonal)2
4.Area of four walls of a room = 2(length + breadth) * height
5.Area of a TRIANGLE = * base * height
6.Area of a TRIANGLE = `s[s * (s-a) * (s-b) * (s-c)],
where a,b,c are the sides of the triangle and s = 1/2(a+b+c)
7.Area of EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE = `s(3/4)* (side)2
8.Radius of in circle of an EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE of
side a = r / 2`s3
9.Radius of circumcircle of an EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
of side a = r / `s3
10.Radius of incircle of a triangle of area `| and
semi perimeter S = `| / s
11.Area of a PARALLELOGRAM = (base * height)
12.Area of RHOMBUS = 1/2 (product of diagonals)
13.Area of TRAPEZIUM =
=1/2 * (sum of parallel sides)* (distance between them)
14.Area of a CIRCLE = | r2 where r is the radius
15.Circumference of a CIRCLE = 2|r
16.Length of an arc = 2 |r / 360, where is central angle
17.Area of a SECTOR = (arc * r) = |r2 / 360
18.Area of a SEMICIRCLE = |r2 / 2
19.Circumference of a SEMICIRCLE = |r

Simple Problems
1.One side of a rectangular field is 15m and one of its diagonal
is 17m. Find the area of field?
Sol: Other side = `s[(17*17) C (15*15)] = `s(289-225) = 8m
Area = 15 * 8 =120 sq. m
2.A lawn is in the form of a rectangle having its sides in the
ratio 2:3 The area of the lawn is 1/6 hectares. Find the length
and breadth of the lawn.
Sol: let length = 2x meters and breadth = 3x mt
Now area = (1/6 * 1000)sq m = 5000/3 sq m
2x * 3x = 5000/3 =>x * x =2500 / 9
x = 50/3
length = 2x = 100/3 m and breadth = 3x = 3*(50/3) = 50m
3.Find the cost of carpeting a room 13m long and 9m broad with
a carpet 75cm wide at the rate of Rs 12.40 per sq meter
Sol: Area of the carpet = Area of the room = 13* 9 =117 sq m
length of the carpet = (Area/width) = 117 * (4/3) = 156 m
Cost of carpeting = Rs (156 * 12.40) = Rs 1934.40
4.The length of a rectangle is twice its breadth if its length
is decreased by 5cm and breadth is increased by 5cm, the area
of the rectangle is increased by 75 sq cm. Find the length of
the rectangle.
Sol: let length = 2x and breadth = x then
(2x-5) (x+5) C (2x*x)=75
5x-25 = 75 => x=20
length of the rectangle = 40 cm
5.In measuring the sides of a rectangle, one side is taken 5%
in excess and the other 4% in deficit. Find the error percent
in the area, calculate from the those measurements.
Sol: let x and y be the sides of the rectangle then
correct area = (105/100 * x) * (96 / 100 *y)
=(504/500 xy) C xy = 4/500 xy
Error% = 4/500 xy*(1/xy)*100 % = 4/5% = 0.8%
6.A room is half as long again as it is broad. The cost of
carpeting the room at Rs 5 per sq m is Rs 2.70 and the cost of
papering the four walls at Rs 10 per sq m is Rs 1720. If a door
and 2 windows occupy 8 sq cm. Find the dimensions of the room?
Sol: let breadth=x mt ,length= 3x/2 mt and height=h mt
Area of the floor = (total cost of carpeting /rate)
= 270/5 sq m = 54 sq m
x * 3x/2=54 => x*x= 54*(2/3)=36 => x = 6m
so breadth = 6m and length=3/2*6 = 9m
now papered area = 1720 /10 = 172 sq m
Area of one door and 2 windows =8 sq m
total area of 4 walls = 172+8 = 180 sq m
2(9+6)*h = 180 => h=180/30 = 6m
7.The altitude drawn to the base of an isosceles triangle is 8cm
and the perimeter is 32cm. Find the area of the triangle?
Sol: let ABC be the isosceles triangle, the AD be the altitude
let AB = AC=x then BC= 32-2x
since in an isoceles triange the altitude bisects the base so
BD=DC=16-x
in `|ADC,(AC) 2 = (AD) 2 + (DC) 2
x*x=(8*8) + (16-x)*(16-x)
32x =320 => x = 10
BC = 32-2x = 32-20 = 12 cm
Hence, required area = * BC * AD
= * 12 * 10 = 60 sq cm
8.If each side of a square is increased by 25%, find the
percentage change in its area?
Sol: let each side of the square be a , then area = a * a
New side = 125a / 100 = 5a / 4
New area =(5a * 5a)/(4*4) = (25a/16) C a
= 9a/16
Increase %= 9a/16 * 1/a * 100%
= 56.25%
9.Find the area of a Rhombus one side of which measures 20cm
and one diagonal 24cm.
Sol: Let other diagonal = 2x cm
since diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angles,
we have
20 = 12 + x => x = `s[20 -12]= `s256 = 16cm
so the diagonal = 32 cm
Area of rhombus = * product of diagonals
= * 24 * 32
= 384 sq cm
10. The area of a circular field is 13.86 hectares. Find the cost
of fencing it at the rate of Rs. 4.40 per meter.
Sol: Area = 13.86 * 10000 sq m = 138600 sq m
|r= 138600 => r = 138600 * 7/22 => 210 m
circumference = 2|r = 2 * 22/7 * 210m = 1320 m
cost of fencing = Rs 1320 * 4.40 = Rs. 5808

Medium Problems:
11.Find the ratio of the areas of the incircle and circumcircle of
a square.
Sol: let the side of the square be x, then its diagonal = `s2 x
radius of incircle = x/2 and
radius of circmcircle =`s2 x /2 = x/`s2
required ratio = |x/4 : |x/2 = : = 1:2
12.If the radius of a circle is decreased by 50% , find the
percentage decrease in its area.
Sol: let original radius = r and new radius = 50/100 r = r/2
original area = |r and new area = |(r/2)
decrease in area = 3 |r/4 * 1/ |r * 100 = 75%
13.Two concentric circles form a ring. The inner and outer
circumference of the ring are 352/7 m and 528/7m respectively.
Find the width of the ring.
sol: let the inner and outer radii be r and R meters
then, 2|r = 352/7 => r = 352/7 * 7/22 * = 8m
2|R = 528/7 => R= 528/7 * 7/22 * = 12m
width of the ring = R-r = 12-8 = 4m
14.If the diagonal of a rectangle is 17cm long and its perimeter
is 46 cm. Find the area of the rectangle.
sol: let length = x and breadth = y then
2(x+y) = 46 => x+y = 23
x+y = 17 = 289
now (x+y) = 23 =>x+y+2xy= 529
289+ 2xy = 529 => xy = 120
area =xy=120 sq. cm
15.A rectangular grassy plot 110m by 65cm has a gravel path .5cm
wide all round it on the inside. Find the cost of gravelling the
path at 80 paise per sq.mt
sol: area of theplot = 110 * 65 = 7150 sq m
area of the plot excluding the path = (110-5)* (65-5) = 6300 sq m
area of the path = 7150- 6300 =850 sq m
cost of gravelling the path = 850 * 80/100 = 680 Rs
16. The perimeters of ttwo squares are 40cm and 32 cm. Find the
perimeter of a third square whose area is equal to the difference
of the areas of the two squares.
sol: side of first square = 40/4 =10cm
side of second square = 32/4 = 8cm
area of third squre = 10 C 8 = 36 sq cm
side of third square = `s36 = 6 cm
required perimeter = 6*4 = 24cm

17. A room 5m 44cm long and 3m 74cm broad is to be paved with squre
tiles. Find the least number of squre tiles required to cover the
floor.
sol: area of the room = 544 * 374 sq cm
size of largest square tile = H.C.F of 544cm and 374cm= 34cm
area of 1 tile = 34*34 sq cm
no. of tiles required = (544*374) / (34 * 34) = 176
18. The diagonals of two squares are in the ratio of 2:5. Find
the ratio of their areas.
sol: let the diagonals of the squares be 2x and 5x respectively
ratio of their areas = * (2x) : *(5x) = 4:25
19.If each side of a square is increased by 25%. Find the percentage
change in its area.
sol: let each side of the square be a then area = a
new side = 125a/100 = 5a/4
new area = (5a/4) = 25/16 a
increase in area = (25/16)a - a = (9/16)a
increase % = (9/16)a * (1/a) * 100 = 56.25%
20.The base of triangular field os three times its altitude. If the
cost of cultivating the field at Rs. 24.68 per hectare be Rs. 333.18.
Find its base and height.
sol:
area of the field = total cost/ rate = 333.18 /24.68 = 13.5 hectares
=> = 13.5 * 10000 = 135000 sq m
let the altitude = x mt and base = 3x mt
then *3x * x = 135000 => x = 90000 => x = 300
base= 900m and altitude = 300m
21.In two triangles the ratio of the areas is 4:3 and the ratio of
their heights is 3:4. Find the ratio of their bases?
Sol:
let the bases of the two triangles be x &y and their heights
be 3h and 4h respectively.
(1/2*x*3h)/(1/2*y*4h) =4/3 => x/y = 4/3 *4/3 = 16/9
22.Find the length of a rope by which a cow must be tethered in order
that it may be able to graze an area of 9856 sq meters.
Sol:
clearly the cow will graze a circular field of area 9856 sq m and
radius equal to the length of the rope.
Let the length of the rope be r mts
then |r=9856 => r=9856*7/22 = 3136 => r=56m
23.The diameter of the driving wheel of a bus is 140cm. How many
revolutions per minute must the wheel make inorder to keep a speed of
66 kmph?
Sol: Distance to be covered in 1min = (66*1000)/60 m =1100m
diameter = 140cm => radius = r =0.7m
circumference of the wheel = 2*22/7*0.7 = 4.4m
no of revolutions per minute = 1100/4.4 = 250
24.The inner circumference of a circular race track, 14m wide is 440m.
Find the radius of the outer circle.
Sol: let inner radius be r meters.
Then 2|r =440 => r=440*7/22*1/2 = 70m
radius of outer circle = 70+4 =84m
25.A sector of 120 degrees, cut out from a circle, has an area of
66/7 sq cm. Find the radius of the circle.
Sol: let the radius of the circle be r cm. Then
|r/360 =66/7=> 22/7*r*120/360 = 66/7 =>r = 66/7 *7/22*3 =9
radius = 3cm
26.The length of the room is 5.5m and width is 3.75m. Find the cost
of paving the floor by slabs at the rate of Rs.800 per sq meter.
Sol: l=5.5m w=3.75m
area of the floor = 5.5 * 3.75 = 20.625 sq m
cost of paving = 800 *20.625 =Rs. 16500

27.A rectangular plot measuring 90 meters by 50 meters is to be
enclosed by wire fencing. If the poles of the fence are kept 5 meters
apart. How many poles will be needed?
Sol: perimeter of the plot = 2(90+50) = 280m
no of poles =280/5 =56m
28.The length of a rectangular plot is 20 meters more than its breadth.
If the cost of fencing the plot @ 26.50 per meter is Rs. 5300. What is
the length of the plot in meter?
Sol: let breadth =x then length = x+20
perimeter = 5300/26.50 =200m
2(x+20+x) =200 => 4x+40 =200
x = 40 and length = 40+20 = 60m
29.A rectangular field is to be fenced on three sides leaving a side of
20 feet uncovered. If the area of the field is 680 sq feet, how many
feet of fencing will be required?
Sol: l=20feet and l*b=680 => b= 680/20 = 34feet
length of fencing = l+2b = 20+68 =88 feet
30.A rectangular paper when folded into two congruent parts had a
perimeter of 34cm foer each part folded along one set of sides and
the same is 38cm. When folded along the other set of sides. What is
the area of the paper?
Sol: when folded along the breadth
we have 2(l/2 +b) = 34 or l+2b = 34...........(1)
when folded along the length, we have 2(l+b/2)=38 or 2l+b =38.....(2)
from 1 &2 we get l=14 and b=10
Area of the paper = 14*10 = 140 sq cm
31.A took 15 seconds to cross a rectangular field diagonally walking at
the rate of 52 m/min and B took the same time to cross the same field
along its sides walking at the rate of 68m/min. The area of the field
is?
Sol: length of the diagonal = 52*15/60 =13m
sum of length and breadth = 68*15/60 = 17m
`s(l+b)=13 or l+b = 17
area =lb = (2lb) = [(l+b) C (l+b)] = [17 -169]
=1/2*120 = 60 sq meter
32 . A rectangular lawn 55m by 35m has two roads each 4m wide running
in
the middle of it. One parallel to the length and the other parallel to
breadth. The cost of graveling the roads at 75 paise per sq meter is
sol: area of cross roads = 55*4 +35*4-4*4 = 344sq m
cost of graveling = 344 *75/100 =Rs. 258
33.The cost of fencing a square field @ Rs. 20 per metre is Rs.10.080.
How much will it cost to lay a three meter wide pavement along the
fencing inside the field @ Rs. 50 per sq m
sol: perimeter = total cost / cost per m = 10080 /20 = 504m
side of the square = 504/4 = 126m
breadth of the pavement = 3m
side of inner square = 126-6 = 120m
area of the pavement = (126*126)-(120*120)=246C*6 sq m
cost of pavement = 246*6*50 = Rs. 73800
34.Amanwalked diagonally across a square plot. Approximately what was
the percent saved by not walking along the edges?
Sol: let the side of the square be x meters
length of two sides = 2x meters
diagonal = `s2 x = 1.414x m
saving on 2x meters = .59x m
saving % = 0.59x /2x *100%
= 30% (approx)
36.A man walking at the speed of 4 kmph crosses a square field
diagonally in 3 meters.The area of the field is
sol: speed of the man = 4*5/18 m/sec = 10/9 m/sec
time taken = 3*60 sec = 180 sec
length of diagonal = speed * time = 10/9 * 180 = 200m
Area of the field = *(dioagonal)
= * 200*200 sq m = 20000sq m
37.A square and rectangle have equal areas. If their perimeters
are p and q respectively. Then
sol: A square and a rectangle with equal areas will satisfy the
relation p < q

38.If the perimeters of a square and a rectangle are the same,
then the area a & b enclosed by them would satisfy the condition:
sol: Take a square of side 4cm and a rectangle having l=6cm and
b=2cm
then perimeter of square = perimeter of rectangle
area of square = 16 sq cm
area of rectangle = 12 sq cm
Hence a >b
39.An error of 2% in excess is made while measuring the side of a
square. The percentage of error in the calculated area of the
square is
sol: 100cm is read as 102 cm
a = 100*100 sq cm and b = 102 *102 sq cm
then a-b = 404 sq cm
percentage error = 404/(100*100) = 4.04%
40.A tank is 25m long 12m wide and 6m deep. The cost of plastering
its walls and bottom at 75 paise per sq m is
sol: area to be plastered = [2(l+b)*h]+(l*b)
= 2(25+12)*6 + (25*12)= 744 sq m
cost of plastering = Rs . 744*75/100 = Rs. 5581
41.The dimensions of a room are 10m*7m*5m. There are 2 doors and 3
windows in the room. The dimensions of the doors are 1m*3m. One
window is of size 2m*1.5m and the other 2 windows are of size 1m*1.5m.
The cost of painting the walls at Rs. 3 per sq m is
sol: Area of 4 walls = 2(l+b)*h
=2(10+7)*5 = 170 sq m
Area of 2 doors and 3 windows = 2(1*3)+(2*1.5)+2(1*1.5) = 12 sq m
area to be planted = 170 -12 = 158 sq m
cost of painting = Rs. 158 *3 = Rs. 474
42.The base of a triangle of 15cm and height is 12cm. The height of
another triangle of double the area having the base 20cm is
sol: a = *15*12 = 90 sq cm
b = 2a = 2 * 90 = * 20 *h => h= 18cm
43.The sides of a triangle are in the ratio of :1/3:1/4. If the
perimeter is 52cm, then the length of the smallest side is
sol: ratio of sides = :1/3 :1/4 = 6:4:3
perimeter = 52 cm, so sides are 52*6/13 =24cm
52*4/13 = 16cm
52 *3/13 = 12cm
length of smallest side = 12cm
44.The height of an equilateral triangle is 10cm. Its area is
sol: a = (a/2) +(10)
a C a/4 = 100 =>3a = 100*4
area = `s3/4 *a = `s3/4*400/3 = 100/`s3 sq cm
45.From a point in the interior of an equilateral triangle, the
perpendicular distance of the sides are `s3 cm, 2`s3cm and
5`s3cm. The perimeter of the triangle is
sol: let each side of the triangle be CaC cm
then area(AOB) +area(BOC)+area(AOC) = area(ABC)
* a *`s3 +1/2 *a *2`s3 +1/2 * a*5`s3 = `s3/4 a
a/2`s3(1+2+5) = `s3/4 a => a=16
perimeter = 3*16 = 48cm

Complex Probems:
1.If the area of a square with side a s equal to the area of a
triangle with base a, then the altitude of the triangle is
sol: area of a square with side a = a sq unts
area of a triangle with base a = * a*h sq unts
a =1/2 *a *h => h = 2a
altitude of the triangle is 2a
2.An equilateral triangle is described on the diagonal of a
square. What is the ratio of the area of the triangle to that of
the square?
Sol: area of a square = a sq cm
length of the diagonal = `s2a cm
area of equilateral triangle with side `s2a
= `s3/4 * (`s2a)
required ratio = `s3a : a = `s3 : 2
3.The ratio of bases of two triangles is x:y and that of their
areas is a:b. Then the ratio of their corresponding altitudes
wll be
sol: a/b =( * x*H) /(1/2 * y * h)
bxH = ayh =>H/h =ay/bx
Hence H:h = ay:bx
4 .A parallelogram has sides 30m and 14m and one of its diagonals
is 40m long. Then its area is
sol: let ABCD be the given parallelogram
area of parallelogram ABCD = 2* (area of triangle ABC)
now a = 30m, b = 14m and c = 40m
s = (30+14+40) = 42m
Area of triangle ABC = `s[ s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
= `s(42*12*28*2 = 168sq m
area of parallelogram ABCD = 2 *168 =336 sq m
5.If a parallelogram with area p, a triangle with area R and a
triangle with area T are all constructed on the same base and all
have the same altitude, then which of the following statements
is false?
Sol: let each have base = b and height = h
then p = b*h, R = b*h and T = * b*h
so P = R, P = 2T and T = R are all correct statements
6.If the diagonals of a rhombus are 24cm and 10cm the area
and the perimeter of the rhombus are respectively.
Sol: area = *diagonal 1 *diagonal 2= * 24 * 10= 120 sq cm
* diagonal 1 = * 24 = 12cm
* diagonal 2 = *10 =5 cm
side of a rhombus = (12) + (5) = 169 => AB = 13cm

7.If a square and a rhombus stand on the same base, then the ratio
of the areas of the square and the rhombus is:
sol: A square and a rhombus on the same base are equal in area
8.The area of a field in the shape of a trapezium measures
1440sq m. The perpendicular distance between its parallel sides
is 24cm. If the ratio of the sides is 5:3, the length of the
longer parallel side is:
sol: area of field =1/2 *(5x+3x) *24 = 96x sq m
96x = 1440 => x = 1440 /96 = 15
hence, the length of longer parallel side = 5x = 75m
9.The area of a circle of radius 5 is numerically what percent its
circumference?
Sol: required percentage = |(5)/(2|*5) *100 = 250%
10.A man runs round a circular field of radius 50m at the speed of
12m/hr. What is the time taken by the man to take twenty rounds of
the field?
Sol: speed = 12 k/h = 12 * 5/18 = 10/3 m/s
distance covered = 20 * 2*22/7*50 = 44000/7m
time taken = distance /speed = 44000/7 * 3/10 = 220/7min
11.A cow s tethered in the middle of a field with a 14feet long
rope.If the cow grazes 100 sq feet per day, then approximately
what time will be taken by the cow to graze the whole field?
Sol: area of the field grazed = 22/7 * 14 * 14 = 616 sq feet
12.A wire can be bent in the form of a circle of radius 56cm.
If it is bent in the form of a square, then its area will be
sol: length of wire = 2| r = 2 *22/7 *56 = 352 cm
side of the square = 352/4 = 88cm
area of the square = 88*88 = 7744sq cm
13.The no of revolutions a wheel of diameter 40cm makes in
traveling a distance of 176m is
sol:
distance covered in 1 revolution = 2| r = 2 *22/7 *20
= 880/7 cm
required no of revolutions = 17600 *7/880 = 140

14.The wheel of a motorcycle 70cm in diameter makes 40
revolutions in every 10sec.What is the speed of motorcycle
n km/hr?
Sol: distance covered in 10sec = 2 *22/7 *35/100 *40 =88m
distance covered in 1 sec =88/10m = 8.8m
speed =8.8m/s = 8.8 * 18/5 *k/h = 31.68 k/h
15.Wheels of diameters 7cm and 14cm start rolling simultaneously
from x & y which are 1980 cm apart towards each other in opposite
directions. Both of them make the same number of revolutions per
second. If both of them meet after 10seconds.The speed of the
smaller wheel is
sol: let each wheel make x revolutions per sec. Then
(2| *7/2 *x)+(2| * 7*x)*10 = 1980
(22/7 *7 * x) + (2 * 22/7 *7 *x) = 198
66x = 198 => x = 3
distance moved by smaller wheel in 3 revolutions
= 2 *22/7 *7/2 *3 = 66cm
speed of smaller wheel = 66/3 m/s = 22m/s
16.A circular swimming pool is surrounded by a concrete wall
4ft wide. If the area of the concrete wall surrounding the pool
is 11/25 that of the pool, then the radius of the pool is?
Sol: let the radius of the pool be R ft
radius of the pool including the wall = (R+4)ft
area of the concrete wall = | [(R+4)2 - R2 ]
=> = |[R+4+R][R+4-R]
= 8|(R+2) sq feet
8|(R+2) = 11/25 | R2 => 11 R2 = 200 (R+2)
Radius of the pool R = 20ft
17.A semicircular shaped window has diameter of 63cm. Its
perimeter equals
sol: perimeter of window = |r +2r = [22/7 * 63/2 +63] = 99+63
= 162 cm
18.Three circles of radius 3.5cm are placed in such a way that
each circle touches the other two. The area of the portion
enclosed by the circles is
sol:
required area = (area of an equilateral triangle of side 7 cm)
- (3 * area of sector with = 6o degrees and r = 3.5cm)
= ( `s * 7 * 7) C (3* 22/7 *3.5 *3.5*60/360 ) sq cm
= 49`s3/4 C 11*0.5*3.5 sq cm = 1.967 sq cm
19. Four circular cardboard pieces, each of radius 7cm are placed
in such a way that each piece touches two other pieces. The area
of the space encosed by the four pieces is
sol: required area = 14*14 C (4 * * 22/7 * 7 *7) sq cm
= 196 C 154 = 42 sq cm
RACES AND #AMES OF S2ILL
RACES AND GAMES OF SKILL
Races :- A contest of speed in running
,riding,driving,sailing or
rowing is called a Race
Race Course :-The ground or path on which contests
are made is called
a race course
STARTING POINT :-The point from which a race begins
is called starting point.
Winning point or goal:-The point set to bound a race
is called a winning point.
Dead Heat Race:-If all the persons contesting a race
reach the goal exactly
at the same time,then the race is
called a dead heat race.
Start:-suppose A and B are two contestants in a
race .If before the start of
the race,A is at the satrtint point and B is
ahead of A by 12 metres.
Then we say that "A gives B a start 12
metres.
->To cover a race of 100metres in this case,A will
have to cover 100m while B
will have to cover 88m=(100-12)
->In a100m race 'A can give B 12m' or 'A can give B a
start of 12m' or 'A beats
B by 12m'means that while A runs 100m B runs 88m.
GAMES:- A game of 100m,means that the person among
the contestants who
scores 100 points first is the winner.
If A scores 100 points while B scores only 80 points
then we say that 'A can give
B 20 points'.
RACES AND #AMES OF S2ILL
RO&LEMS +D -C In a - )m raceEA !eats & !? 94 m or 8sec.Fin$ AKs time
over t%e co*rse5 Sol+ & covers 94 m in 8sec soE&Ks time over t%e co*rse 7
8;94 <-111 79@1 sec AKs time over t%e co*rse 79@1D8 79=0 sec 7 =min E0 sec.
9C A r*ns - 0;= times as fast as &.If A gives & a start of 4= mE%o. far m*st
!e .inning post !e so t%at A an$ & mig%t reac% it at t%e same time 5 Sol+
Ratio of rates of A+& 78;= +- 78 += In a game of 8 m A gains 0m over &. 0m
are gaine$ !? A in a race of 8m 4= m are gaine$ !? A in a race of 8<4=;0
7-/: m (inning post m*st !e -/:m a.a? from t%e starting point.
0CA can r*n -)m in 0 min E-1sec an$ & can cover same $istance in 0 min
91 sec. &? .%at $istance A !eat &5 Sol+ clearl? A !eats & !? -1 sec.
Distance covere$ !? & in -1 sec 7-111;911 <-1 7@1 m A !eats & !? @1
metres.
=C In a -11m raceEA r*ns at 4)m per %o*r.If A gives ! a start of = m an$
still !eats %im !? -@ secE.%at is t%e spee$ of &5 Sol+ 4111 m DDDDDDD:1<:1 sec
-11m DDDDDDD :1<:1<-111;4111 7=@ sec. Time ta)en !? A to cover -11m 7=@
sec. & covers -11D= m 7/: min =@ sec 7:1 sec &Ks spee$ 7/:
<:1<:1;:1<-111 7@.8: )m;%r
@C A an$ & ta)e part in -11m race .A r*ns at @)m per %o*r. A gives & a
start of 4 m an$ still !eats %im !? 4 sec. (%at is t%e spee$ of &5 Sol +
AKspee$ 7 @)m;%r 7@<@;-4 79@;-4 m;s Time ta)en !? A to cover -11m
7-11<-4;9@ 78.9 sec Time ta)en !? A to cover /9m 7 89G4 741 sec &Ks
spee$ 7/9<-4;41<@ 7 =.-= )mp%.
:C A r*ns - 9;0 times as fast as &.If A gives & a start of 41 mE %o. far m*st
t%e .inning post !e so t%at A an$ & mig%t reac% if at t%e same time5 Sol+
Ratio of t%e spee$ of A an$ & 7@;0 +- T%*s in a race of @m EA gains 9m
over & 9m are gaine$ !? in a race of @m 41 m .ill !e gaine$ !? A in a race
of @;9< 41 7911 m
8C AE& an$ C are t%ree contestans in a )mrace .If A can give & a start of =1
m an$ A can give C a start of := mE%o. amn? metres start can ! give C5
Sol+ A covers -11mE& covers B-111D=1C 7/:1 m C covers -111D:= m or
/0:m .%en & covers /:1 mEC covers /0: m .%en & covers -111 mEC
covers /0:<-111;/:1 m 7/8@ m & can give C a start of -111D/8@ or 9@ m.
4C In a -11m raceEA covers t%e $istance in 0: sec an$ & in =@ sec.In t%is
race A !eats & !?5 Sol+ Distance covere$ !? & in /secs 7-11</;=@ 791 m A
!eats & !? 91m
/C In a 911 m race A !eats & !? 0@m or 8 sec.(%at is t%e AKs time over t%e
co*rse5 Sol+ & r*ns 0@ m in 8sec. & covers 911m in 78<911;0@ 7 =1 sec. &Ks
time over t%e co*rse 7=1 sec AKs time over t%e co*rse 7=1D8 700 sec.
-1C In a 011 m race A !eats & !? 99.@ m or : sec.(%at is t%e &Ks time over
t%e co*rse5 Sol+ & r*ns 99.@ m in :sec. & r*ns 011m in 7:<011<9;=@ 741
sec. &Ks time over t%e co*rse 741 sec.
--C A can r*n 99.@ m .%ile & r*ns 9@ m.In a )ilometre race & !eats A !?5
Sol+ & r*ns 9@ m EA r*ns =@;9 m & r*ns -111 A r*ns 7 -111<=@;9<9@
7/11m & !eats A !? -11m
-9CIn a @11 m raceE t%e ratio of t%e spee$s of t.o contestants A an$ & is
0+=.A %as a start of -=1 m.T%en EA .in !? &5 Sol+ T%e spee$s of A an$ &
70+= To reac% t%e .inning post A .ill %ave to cover a $istance of @11D-=1
m i.e 0:1 m .%ile A covers 0m E! covers =m A covers 0:1m & covers
=;0<0:17=41m T%*s .%en A reac%es t%e .inning postE ! covers =41m an$
t%erefore remains 91m !e%in$. A .ins !? 91m.
-0C In a -11m raceEA can !eat & !? 9@ m an$ & can !eat c !? =m.In t%e
same race A can !eat C !?; Sol+ If A+& 7-11 +8@ & +C7-11 +/: t%en A +C
7A;&<&;C7-11;8@< -11;/: 7 -11;89 A !eats C !? -11 D89 m794 m
-=C In a -11 raceEA can give & -1 man$ C 94 m.In t%e same race & can give
C5 Sol+ A+& 7-11 +/1 A +C7-11 +89 &+C 7&;A <A;C 7/1;-11<-11;89 7/1;89
(%en & r*ns /1 C r*ns 89 .%en & r*ns -11 C r*ns 789<-11;/1 & !eats C
!? 91m
-@C In a -11m race EA !eats & !? -1 m an$ C !? -0 m.In t%e race of -41m.
& .ill !eat c !?5 Sol +A + & 7-11 +/1 A;& 7-11;/1 A;C 7-11;48 &;C 7&;A
<A;C 7/1 ;48 (%en & r*ns /1m C r*ns 48 (%en & r*ns -41 m t%en C
r*ns 748 <-41;/1 & !eats C !? -41D-8=7 :m
-:C In a race of 911 mE A can !eat & !? 0- m an$ C !? -4m.In arace of 0@1
mE C .ill !eat & !?5 Sol + In a race of 911 m A +& 7911+-:/ A +C 7911 +-49
C;& 7C;A<A;& 7-49;911<911;-:/ (%en C r*ns -49 m & r*ns -:/ .%en C
r*ns 0@1 m & r*ns 70@1<-:/;-49 709@m
-8C In agame of -11 points A can give & 91 points an$ C 94 points t%en &
can give C5 In a game of -11 points. A +& 7-11 +41 A +C 7-11 +89
&;C7&;A<A;C 741;-11<-11;89 7 41;89 .%en & r*ns 41m C r*ns 89 .%en &
r*ns -11m C r*ns 7-11<89;41 7/1 & can give C -1 points in agame of -11.
-4CAt a game of !illiar$sEA can give & -@ points in :1 an$ A can give C 91
points in:1.Ho. amn? points can & give C in a game of /15 Sol+ A+&
7:1+=@ A+C 7:1+=1 &;C 7&;A<A;C 7=@;:1<:1;=1 7/1;41 & can give C -1
points in agame of /1.
-/C in agame of 41 pointsEA can give & @ points an$ C -@ points.t%en %o.
man? points & can give C in agame of :15 Sol+ A +& 741 +8@ A +C 741+:@
&;C7&;A<A;C 7 8@;41<41;:@ 7-@;-0 &+C 7:1+@9
Cloc)s
General Concepts:
The face or dial of a watch is a circle whose circumference is
divided into 60 equal parts,called minute spaces.
A clock has two hands, the Smaller one is called the hour hand
or short hand while the larger one is called the minute hand or
long hand.
Important points:
a) In every 60 minutes, the minute hand gains 55 minutes on the
hour hand
b)In every hour, both the hands coincide once ,i.e 0 degrees.
c)the hands are in the same straight line when they are coincident
or opposite to each other. i.e 0 degrees or 180 degrees.
d)when the two hands are at right angles, they are 15 minute spaces
apart,i.e 90 degrees.
e)when the hands are in the opposite directions,they are 30 minute
spaces apart,i.e 180 degrees.
f)Angle traced by hour hand in 12hrs = 360 degrees.
g)Angle traced by minute hand in 60 min = 360 degrees. If a watch
or a clock indicated 8.15,when the correct time is 8, it is said
to be 15 minutes too fast. On the other hand, if it indicates 7.45,
when the correct time is 8,it is said to be 15 minutes slow.
h)60 min --> 360 degrees
1 min --> 60
i)the hands of a clock coincide in a day or 24 hours is 22 times,
in 12hours 11minutes.
j)the hands of clock are straight in a day is 44 times .
k)the hands of a clock at right angle in a day is 44 times .
l)the hands of a clock in straight line but opposite in direction is
22 times per day

Simple Problems:
Type1:
Find the angle between the hour hand and the minute hand
of a clock when the time is 3.25
solution : In this type of problems the formulae is as follows
30*[hrs-(min/5)]+(min/2)
In the above problem the given data is time is 3.25. that is
applied in the
formulae
30*[3-(25/5)]+(25/2)30*(15-25)/5+25/2
= 30*(-10/5)+25/2
= -300/5+25/2
= -600+(25/2)=-475/10=-47.5
i.e 47 1/20
therefore the required angle is 47 1/20.
Note:The -sign must be neglected.
Another shortcut for type1 is :
The formulae is
6*x-(hrs*60+X)/2
Here x is the given minutes,
so in the given problem the minutes is 25 minutes,
that is applied in the given formulae
6*25-(3*60+25)/2
150-205/2
(300-205)/2=95/2
=47 1/20.
therefore the required angle is 47 1/20.
Type2:
At what time between 2 and 3 o' clock will be the hands of a
clock be together?
Solution : In this type of problems the formulae is
5*x*(12/11)
Here x is replaced by the first interval of given time.
here i.e 2. In the above problem the given data is between
2 and 3 o' clock
5*2*12/11 =10*12/11=120/11=10 10/11min.
Therefore the hands will coincide at 10 10/11 min.past2.
Another shortcut for type2 is:
Here the clocks be together but not opposite
to each other so the angle is 0 degrees. so the formulae is
6*x-(2*60+x)/2=06*x-(120+x)/2=012x-120-x=0
11x=120
x=120/11=10 10/11
therefore the hands will be coincide at 10 10/11 min.past2.

Medium Problems
Type3:
At what time between 4 and 5 o'clock will the hands of a clock
be at rightangle?
Solution : In this type of problems the formulae is
(5*x + or -15)*(12/11)
Here x is replaced by the first interval of given time
here i.e 4
Case 1 : (5*x + 15)*(12/11)
(5*4 +15)*(12/11)
(20+15)*(12/11)
35*12/11=420/11=38 2/11 min.
Therefore they are right angles at 38 2/11 min .past4
Case 2 : (5*x-15)*(12/11)
(5*4-15)*(12/11)
(20-15)*(12/11)
5*12/11=60/11 min=5 5/11min
Therefore they are right angles at 5 5/11 min.past4.
Another shortcut for type 3 is:
Here the given angle is right angle i.e 900.
Case 1 : The formulae is 6*x-(hrs*60+x)/2=Given angle
6*x-(4*60+x)/2=90
6*x-(240+x)/2=90
12x-240-x=180
11x=180+240
11x=420
x=420/11= 38 2/11 min
Therefore they are at right angles at 38 2/11 min. past4.
Case 2 : The formulae is (hrs*60+x)/2-(6*x)=Given angle
(4*60+x)/2-(6*x)=90
(240+x)/2-(6*x)=90
240+x-12x=180
-11x+240=180
240-180=11x
x=60/11= 5 5/11 min
Therefore they art right angles at 5 5/11 min past4.
Type 4:
Find at what time between 8 and 9 o'clock will the hands of a
clock be in the same straight line but not together ?
Solution : In this type of problems the formulae is
(5*x-30)*12/11
x is replaced by the first interval of given time Here i.e 8
(5*8-30)*12/11
(40-30)*12/11
10*12/11=120/11 min=10 10/11 min.
Therefore the hands will be in the same straight line but not
together at 10 10/11 min.past 8.
Another shortcut for type 4 is:
Here the hands of a clock be in the same
straight line but not together the angle is 180 degrees.
The formulae is (hrs*60+x)/2-(6*x)=Given angle
(8*60+x)/2-6*x=180
(480+x)/2-(6*x)=180
480+x-12*x=360
11x=480-360
x=120/11=10 10/11 min.
therefore the hands will be in the same straight line but not
together at 10 10/11 min. past8.

Type 5:
At what time between 5 and 6 oC clock are the hands of a
3 minutes apart ?
Solution : In this type of problems the formuae is
(5*x+ or - t)*12/11
Here x is replaced by the first interval of given time here xis 5.
t is spaces apart
Case 1 : (5*x+t)*12/11
(5*5+3)*12/11
28*12/11 = 336/11=31 5/11 min
therefore the hands will be 3 min .apart at 31 5/11 min.past5.
Case 2 : (5*x-t)*12/11
(5*5-3)*12/11
(25-3)*12/11=24 min
therefore the hands wi be 3 in apart at 24 min past 5.
Typicalproblems
problems:
A watch which gains uniformly ,is 5 min,slow at 8 o'clock in
the morning on sunday and it is 5 min.48 sec.fast at 8 p.m on
following sunday. when was it correct?
Solution :
Time from 8 am on sunday to 8 p.m on following sunday = 7 days
12 hours = 180 hours
the watch gains (5+(5 4/5))min .or 54/5 min. in 180 hours
Now 54/5 minare gained in 180 hours.
Therefore 5 minutes are gained in(180*5/54*5)hours=83 hours20 min.
=3 days11hrs20min.
therefore watch is correct at 3 days 11 hours 20 minutes after 8 a.m
of sunday
therefore it wil be correct at 20 min.past 7 p.m on wednesday
TR"E DISCO"NT
CONCET
Let rate7RAper ann*mE Time7 T ?ears
-.resent .ort% B(C 7 B-11<Amo*ntC;B-11GBR<TCC
7 B-11< Tr*eDisco*ntC;BR<TC
9.Tr*eDisco*nt BTDC 7 B.(<R<TC;-11
7 BAmo*nt<R<TC;B-11GBR<TCC
0.S*m 7BSimpeInterest<Tr*eDisco*ntC;BSimpleInterestDTr*eDisco*ntC
=.SimpleInterestDTr*eDisco*nt7SimpeInterest on Tr*eDisco*nt
@.(%en t%e s*m is p*t at Compo*n$InterestEt%en
resent(ort%7Amo*nt;B-GBR;-11CCLT
#eneralConcept+ S*ppose a man %as to pa? Rs.-@: after = ?ears
an$ t%e rate of interest is -=Aper ann*m
Clearl? ERs.-11 at -=A .ill amo*nt to Rs-@: in = ?ears
SoEt%e pa?ment of Rs.-11 no. .il cear off t%e $e!t
of Rs-@: $*e = ?ears %ence
(e sa? t%at
S*m $*e 7 Rs-@: $*e = ?ears %ence
resent (ort% 7Rs-11
Tr*e Disco*nt7Rs.-@:DRs-117Rs@:
7S*m$*eD(
(e $efine
Tr*eDisco*nt7 Interest on resent (ort%B(C
Amo*nt 7 resent(ort%GTr*eDisco*nt
SIMLE RO&LEMS
-.Fin$ t%e present .ort% of Rs./01 $*e 0 ?ears %ence at 4A per
ann*m.Aso fin$ t%e $isco*nt5
Sol+ Amo*nt7RS./01ETime70?earsERate74A
Tr*eDisco*nt 7 Bresent.ort%<Time<RateC;-11
resent.ort% 7 BAmo*nt<-11C ;B-11GBR<TCC
resent.ort% 7 B/01<-11C;B-11GB4<0C
7Rs.8@1
Tr*eDisco*nt 7 B/01<0<4C;B-11GB4<0CC 7Rs.-41 BorC
Tr*eDisco*nt 7 Amo*ntDresent.ort%
7Rs./01DRs.8@1
7Rs.-41
9.T%e tr*e$isco*nt on a !ill $*e / mont%s %ence at -9A per
ann*m is Rs@=1.Fin$ t%e amo*nt of t%e !ill an$ its present.ort%5
Sol+ Time7/mont%s7/;-9?ears70;=?ears
Rate7-9A
Tr*eDisco*nt7Rs@=1
Tr*eDisco*nt7BAmo*nt<-11C;B-11GBR<TCC
7JAmo*nt7BTr*eDisco*nt<B-11GBR<TCCC ;-11
7B@=1<B-11G-9<B0;=CC;-11
7Rs.:@=1
resent.ort%7Amo*ntDTr*eDisco*nt
7Rs.:@=1DRs@=1
7Rs.:111
0.T%e Tr*eDisco*nt on a certain s*m of mone? $*e 0 ?ears %ence is Rs.9@1
an$ SimpeInterest on t%e same s*m for same time an$ same rate is Rs08@
fin$ s*m an$ rateA5
Sol+ Time70 ?ears
Tr*e$isco*nt7Rs.9@1
SimpeInterest7Rs08@
S*m 7 BSimpeInterest<Tr*eDisco*ntC;BSimpeInterestDTr*eDisco*ntC
7 B08@<9@1C;B08@D9@1C
7Rs.8@1
SimpeInterest7Brinciple<Time<RateC;-11
08@ 7 B 8@1<0RC;-11
R7@1;0A
7J Rate7-:9;0A
=.T%e $ifference !et.een SimpeInterest an$ Tr*eDisco*nt on a certain
s*m
of mone? for : mont%s at -9-;9A per ann*m is Rs9@.fin$ t%e s*m.
Sol+ Let amo*nt !e Rs.3
SimpleInterest7BAmo*nt<T<RC;-11
Tr*eDisco*nt7BAmo*nt<T<RC;B-11GBR<TCC
SIDT.D7Rs9@
7JBB3<:;-9<9@;9C;-11CDBB3<:;-9<9@;9C;B-11GB:;-9<9@;9CC79@
7J37Rs.:411
@.T%e resent .ort% of Rs.90-1 $*e 9-;9?rs %enceT%e interest !eing -@A
per ann*m is
sol+ Amo*nt7Rs90-1ETime79-;9?rsERate7-@A
resent.ort% 7 BAmo*nt<-11C ;B-11GBR<TCC
790-1<-11;B-11G-@<@;9C
7Rs-:41.
MEDI"M RO&LEMS
-.A !ill falls $*e in - ?ear.T%e cre$itor agrees to accept
imme$iate pa?ment of t%e %alf an$ to $efer t%e pa?ment of
t%e ot%er %alf for 9 ?ears .&? t%is arrangement %e gains
Rs.=1..%at is t%e amo*nt of !illEif t%e mone? !e .ort% -9-;9A5
sol+ Let t%e amo*nt !e Rs.3
If t%e !ill falls $*e for - ?rE
Tr*e$isco*nt7BAmo*nt<-11C;B-11GR<TC
7B3<-11C;B-11GB9@;9<-C
If Accepting imme$iate pa?ment of t%e %alf an$ to
$efer t%e pa?ment of t%e ot%er %alf for 9 ?earsE
Tr*e$isco*nt7BAmo*nt<-11C;B-11GR<TC
7F3;9GBB3;9<-11C;B-11GB9@;9<9CCH
3;9 for imme$iate pa?mentE
BB3;9<-11C;B-11GB9@;9<9CC for pa?ing after 9 ?rs
He gains Rs=1
7JF3;9GBB3;9<-11C;B-11GB9@;9<9CCH MNO B3<-11C;B-11GB9@;9<-C 7 Rs=1
7J 3;9G93;@D43;/7=1
7J37Rs.0:11
Amo*nt of t%e !ill7Rs.0:11
9.If t%e tr*e$isco*nt on a s*m $*e 9?rs %ence at -=A per ann*m
!e Rs-:4.T%e s*m $*e is5
Sol+ Time79?rsE
Rate7-=A
Tr*e$isco*nt7Rs-:4EAmo*nt73
Tr*eDisco*nt7BAmo*nt<R<TC;B-11GR<TC
-:4 7B3<-=<9C;B-11GB-=<9CC
7J37Rs.8:4
0.T%e tr*e$isco*nt on Rs.9@:9 $*e = mont%s %ence is Rs.-99.T%e rate A
is5
Sol+ Amo*nt7Rs.9@:9
Time7=;-9?rs
Tr*eDisco*nt7Rs-99
Rate7'A
Tr*eDisco*nt7BAmo*nt<R<TC;B-11GR<TC
7J-997B9@:9<3<B=;-9CC;B-11GB3<B=;-9CC
7J0::11G-99379@:93
7JRate7-@A
=.T%e Tr*e$isco*nt on Rs-8:1 $*e after a certain time at
-9A per ann*m is Rs-:1T%e time after .%ic% it is $*e is+
Sol+ Amo*nt7Rs.-8:1
Rate7-9A
Tr*e$isco*nt7Rs-:1
Time73
Tr*eDisco*nt7BAmo*nt<R<TC;B-11GR<TC
7J3<--<-97-11G-93
7J37@;:?r
Time7-1mont%s
@.T%e interest on Rs.8:1 for 9?rs is t%e same as t%e
Tr*e$isco*nt on Rs/:1 $*e 9?rs %ence .If t%e rate of
interest is same in !ot% casesEit is
sol+
rincipal7Rs.8:1
Time79?rs
amo*nt7Rs/:1
<T<R;-117BAmo*nt<R<TC;B-11GR<TC
7JB8@1<9<rC;-117B/:1<r<9C;B-11G9rC
7J-@1r79-11
rate7-=A
:.T%e SimpleInterest P Tr*eDisco*nt on a certain s*m of
mone? for a given time P at a given rate are Rs4@
P Rs.41.T%e s*m is.............
sol+
S.I7 Rs.4@
Tr*eDisco*nt7Rs41
S*m7BS.I.<TDC;BSIDT.DC
7Rs.-0:1
8.A tra$er o.es a maerc%ant Rs-1194 $*e -?r %ence T%e tra$er
.ants to settle t%e acco*nt after 0 mont%s .If t%e rate of
interest is -9Aper ann*m Ho. m*c% cas% s%o*l$ %e pa?5
Sol+
Time7-?r !*t %e settles acco*nt after 0mont%s
so time 7 /mont%s
Cas% to pa?7BAmo*nt<R<TC;B-11GR<TC
7B-1194<-11C;B-11G-9<B/;-9CC
7Rs./911
4.A man !*?s a .atc% for Rs-/@1 in cas% an$ sells it
for Rs9911 at a cre$it of -?rT%e rate of interest is -1A
per ann*m T%en %e gains ; looseDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDamo*nt5
Sol+
If %e sells it for Rs9911 at a cre$it of -?r t%en t%e
present .ort% of t%at amo*nt is
resent.ort% 7 BAmo*nt<-11C ;B-11GBR<TCC
7B9911<-11C;B-11G-1<-C
79111;D
So %e gains 9111D-/@17Rs.@1
/.A o.es Rs.-@80 pa?a!le --;9?rs %ence EAso & o.es A Rs.-===@1
pa?a!e :mont%s %ence If t%e? .ant to settle t%e acc*nt fort%
.it% E)eeping -=A as t%e rate of interest Et%en .%o s%o*l$ pa?
P %o. m*c%5
Sol+
&DJADDDDDDDDDDDAmo*nt7Rs.-@80
Rate7-=A
Time70;9
resent.ort% 7 BAmo*nt<-11C ;B-11GBR<TCC
7B-@80<-11C;B-11GB0;9C<-=C
7Rs-011
ADJ&DDDDDDDDDDDDAmo*nt7Rs.-===.@1
Rate7-=A
Time7-;9
resent.ort% 7 BAmo*nt<-11C ;B-11GBR<TCC
7B-===.@1<-11C;B-11GB-;9C<-=C
7Rs-0@1
so & s%o*l$ pa? Rs.-0@1
-1.If Rs91 is t%e Tr*eDisco*nt on Rs9:1$*e after a certain time.
(%at .il !e tr*eDisco*nt on same s*m $*e after QR of former timeE
t%e rate of interest !eng t%e same5
Sol+
Simple Interest on B9:1D91C for a gven time7Rs91
Simple Interest on B9:1D91C for a %alf time7Rs91<B-;9C
7Rs-1
Tr*e Disco*nt on Rs.9@17Rs-1
Tr*e Disco*nt on Rs.9:17Rs-1<9:1;9@1
7Rs-1.=1
--.A %as to pa? Rs.991 to & after -?r.& as)s A to pa? Rs.--1
in cas% an$ $efer t%e pa?ment of RsE.--1 for 9 ?rs.A agrees
to it.If t%e rate of interest !e -1A per ann*m in t%is mo$e
of pa?ment+...
............ sol+
A %as to pa? 7resent .ort% of Rs991 $*e -?r %ence
7Rs.B991<-11C;B-11GB-1<-CC
7Rs.911 A act*all? pa?s7Rs.--1Gresent.ort% of Rs--1 $*e 9 ?rs %ence
7F--1G BAmo*nt<-11C ;B-11GBR<TCCH
7F--1GBB--1<-11C;B-11GB-1<9CCCH
7Rs-/9.::
So A gains RsB911D-/9.::C7Rs.8.0=
COMLE' RO&LEMS
-.If Rs.-1 !e allo.e$ as tr*e$sco*nt on a !ill of Rs.--1 at t%e
en$ of a certaimn time Et%en $isco*nt allo.e$ on t%e same s*m
$*e at t%e en$ of $o*!le t%e time..
sol+
Amo*nt7Rs--1
Tr*eDisco*nt7Rs-1
resent .ort%7Amo*ntDTr*eDisco*nt
7Rs--1D-1
7Rs.-11
SI on Rs.-11 for a certain time 7Rs.-1
SI on Rs.-11 for $o*!e t%e time 7Rs.91
Tr*eDisco*nt on B-11G91C7-91D-11
7Rs91
Tr*eDisco*nt on Rs.--1 7B--1<91C;-91
7Rs-4.00
9.A man .ants to se %s scooter .T%ere are t.o offers one at
Rs-9111 cas% an$ ot%er at acre$it of Rs-9441 to !e pai$
after 4 mont%s Emone? !eing at -4A per ann*m .%ic% is !etter offer5
Sol+
offer-7Rs-9111
offer9 resent .ort%7 BAmo*nt<-11C ;B-11GBR<TCC
7Rs.-9441<-11;B-11GB-4<B4;-9CC
7Rs--E@11
T%e first offer is !etter as if %e gains @11;D
if %e sells at Rs.-9111 is !etter
0.#oo$s .ere !o*g%t for Rs.:11 an$ sol$ t%e same $a? for
Rs.:44.41 at a cre$it of / mont%s an$ t%*s gaining 9A
rate of interest per ann*m is
sol+
Met%o$I+
Amo*nt7Rs.:44.@1
Time7/.-9
#aining 9ADDDDDDDDDDDJresent.ort%7-19Aof :117B-19<:11C;-11
7Rs.:-9
resent.ort%7BAmo*nt<-11C;B-11GBT<RCC
:-97B:44.41<-11C;B-11GBB/;9C<RCC
7JR7-:9;0A
Met%o$II+
Tr*eDisco*nt7:44.@1D:-9
7Rs.8:.@1
Rate7Tr*eDisco*nt<-11;B.(<TC
7B8:.@1<-11C;B:-9<B/;-9CC
7-:9;0A
=.T%e present .ort% of Rs.-=1= $*e in 9 e6*al %alf?earl? instalments
at 4A per ann*4m S.I is
SOl+
resent.ort%7BAmo*nt<-11C;B-11GBT<RCC
resent(ort%7resent.ort% of Rs.819 : mont%s %ence G
resent.ort% of Rs.819 -?r %ence
7 B819<-11C;B-11GB-;9<4CC G B819t<-11C;B-11GB-<4CC
7Rs.-09@
&AN2ERKS DISCO"NT
CONCET
-> Suppose a merchant A buys goods worth Rs.10000 from another
merchant B at a credit of say 5 months
-> Then,B prepares a bill , called the bill of exchange
-> A signs this bill & allows B to withdraw the amount from his bank
account after exactly 5 months,the date exactly after 5 months is
called
Nominally due date
-> Three days (grace days) are added to it get a date known as legally
due
date
-> Suppose B wants to have money before legally due date then he can
have
the money from banker or a broker who deducts S.I on the face value
(i.e., 10000) for the period from the date on which the bill was
discounted (i.e paied by the banker) & the legally due date this
amount
is known as Bankers Discount
-> Thus , B.D is the S.I on the face for the period from the date on
which
the bill was discounted and the legally due date
-> Bankers Gain (B.G) = (B.D) C (T.D) for the unexpired time
Note:- When the date of the bill is not given,grace days are not to be
added
Formulae:-
(1)B.D = S.I on bill for unexpired time
(2)B.G = (B.D) C (T.D) = S.I on T.D = (T.D)^2 /P.W
(3)T.D = sqrt(P.W * B.G)
(4)B.D = (Amount * Rate * Time)/100
(5)T.D = (Amount * Rate * Time)/(100+(Rate * time)
(6)Amount = (B.D * T.D)/(B.D C T.D)
(7)T.D = (B.G * 100)/(Rate * Time)
SIMLE RO&LEM
1.If the true discount on a certain sum due 6 months hence at 15% is
Rs 120.What is the bankers discount on the same for same time and the
same rate.
Sol:- B.G = S.I on T.D
= RS (120 * 15 * * 1/100)
= 9
(B.D) C (T.D) = 9
B.D = 120 + 9 =129
2.The bankers discount on Rs 1800 at 12 % per annum is equal to the
true discount on Rs 1872 for the same time at the same rate .Find
the time.
Sol:- S.I on Rs 1800 = T.D on Rs 1872
P.W of Rs 1872 is Rs 1800
Rs 72 is S.I on Rs 1800 at 12%
Time = (100 * 72)/(12 * 1800)
= 1/3 years = 4 months
3.The bankers discount and true discount on a sum of money due 8 months
hence are Rs.120 & Rs.110 resp. Find the sum & the rate per cent
Sol:- Sum = (B.D * T.D) / (B.D) C (T.D)
= (120 * 110) / (120 C 110)
= 1320
Since B.D is S.I on sum due, so S.I on Rs 1320 for 8 months is
Rs 120
Rate = (100 * 120) / (1320 * 2/3)
= 13 7/11%
MEDI"M RO&LEMS
1.The Bankers discount on Rs 1650 due a certain time hence is Rs 165.
find the true discount and the bankers gain.
Sol :- Sum = (B.D * T.D) / (B.D C T.D)
= (B.D * T.D) / B.G
T.D/B.G = Sum/B.D =650/165 =10/1
Thus if B.G is Rs 1 ,T.D = Rs 10
if B.D is Rs 11 ,T.D = Rs 10
if B.D is Rs 165,T.D = Rs (10/11 * 165) = 150
B.G =Rs(165 C 150) = Rs 15
2.The Present worth of a bill due something hence is Rs 1110 and the
true discount on the bill is Rs.110 . Find the bankes discount &
the
bankers gain.
Sol:- T.D = sqrt (P.W * B.G)
B.G = (T.D)^2 /P.W
= (110 * 110) / 1110
= 11
B.D = (T.D + B.G)
= (110 + 11)
= Rs 121
3.What rate percent does a man get for his money when in discounting
Sol:- Let the amount of the bill =100
Money deducted = 10
Money received by the holder of the bill = (100 C 10)
= 90
S.I on Rs 90 for 10 months = 10
Rate = (100 * 10) / (90 * 10/12)
= 13 1/3%
COMLE' RO&LEMS
1.A bill for Rs.6000 is drawn on July 14 at 5 months . It is
discounted on 5th October at 10%.Find the bankers discount
true discount, bankers gain and the money that the holder of
the bill receives.
Sol:-

Face value of the bill = Rs.6000
date on which the bill was drawn = July 14 at 5 months
nominally due date = December 14
legally due date = December 17
Date on which the bill was discounted = October 5
Unexpired time : Oct Nov Dec
26 + 30 + 17 = 73days =1/5 years
B.D = S.I on Rs 6000 for 1/5 year
= Rs (6000 * 10 * 1/5 * 1/100) = Rs 120
T.D = Rs(6000 * 10 *1/5)/(100 + (10 * 1/5))
= Rs. 117.64
B.G = (B.D) C (T.D)
= Rs(120 -117.64)
= Rs 2.36
Money received by the holder of the bill
= Rs(6000 C 120) = 5880

2. The bankers gain on a certain sum due 1 year hence
is 3/25 of the bankers discount .The rate percent is
Sol:-
Let B.D = 1 then B.G = 3/25
T.D = (B.D C B.G)
= (1 C 3/25)
= 22/25
sum = (1 * 22/25) / (1 C 22/25)
= 22/3
S.I on Rs 22/3 for 1 year is 1.
Rate = (100 * 1) / (22/3 * 3/2)
= 9 1/9%
3. The bankers gain of a certain sum due 2 years hence
at 10% per annum is Rs 24 .The percent worth is
Sol:-


T.D = (B.G * 100) / (Rate * Time)
00) / (10 * 2)
= 120.
P.W = (100 *T.D) / (Rate * Time)
= (100 * 120) /(10 * 2)
= 600
ODDMAN O"T AND SERIES
In any type of problems,a set of numbers is given
in such a way that each one except one satiesfies a particular definite
property.The one which does not satisfy that characteristic is to be
taken out.
Some important properties of numbers are given
below :
1.Prime Number Series
Example:
2,3,5,7,11,.................
2.Even Number Series
Example:
2,4,6,8,10,12,............
3.Odd Number Series:
Example:
1,3,5,7,9,11,...................
4.Perfect Squares:
Example:
1,4,9,16,25,..............
5.Perfect Cubes:
Example:
1,8,27,64,125,.................
6.Multiples of Number Series:
Example:
3,6,9,12,15,..............are multiples
of 3
7.Numbers in Arthimetic Progression(A.P):
Example:
13,11,9,7................
8.Numbers in G.P:
Example:
48,12,3,.....
SOME MORE ROERTIES+
1. If any series starts with 0,3,.....,generally the relation will be
(n2-1).
2. If any series starts with 0,2,.....,generally the relation will be
(n2-n).
3. If any series starts with 0,6,.....,generally the relation will be
(n3-n).
4. If 36 is found in the series then the series will be in n2 relation.
5. If 35 is found in the series then the series will be in n2-1
relation.
6. If 37 is found in the series then the series will be in n2+1
relation.
7. If 125 is found in the series then the series will be in n3
relation.
8. If 124 is found in the series then the series will be in n3-1
relation.
9. If 126 is found in the series then the series will be in n3+1
relation.
10. If 20,30 found in the series then the series will be in n2-n
relation.
11. If 60,120,210,........... is found as series then the series will be
in n3-n relation.
12. If 222,............ is found then relation is n3+n
13. If 21,31,.......... is series then the relation is n2-n+1.
14. If 19,29,.......... is series then the relation is n2-n-1.
15. If series starts with 0,3,............ the series will be on n2-1
relation.
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:
1.Find the odd one out.
3,5,7,12,17,19
SOLUTION:
In the above series except 12 all elements are
odd
numbers.so 12 is the odd one.
2. Find the odd one out.
1,4,9,16,23,25,36
SOLUTION:
In the above series all elements except 23 are
perfect sqares.so 23 is odd one.
3. Find the odd one out.
41,43,47,53,61,71,73,81
SOLUTION:
In the above series all elements except 81
are prime numbers.so 81 is odd one.
4.Find the odd one out.
1,4,9,16,20,36,49

SOLUTION:
In the above series all elements except 20
are perfect squares.So 20 is odd one.
5.Find the odd one out.
8,27,64,100,125,216,343
SOLUTION:
In the above series all elements except 100
are perfect cubes.so 100 is odd one.
6. Find the odd one out.
1,5,14,30,50,55,99
SOLUTION:
In the above series all elements in the
pattern like 12, 12+22,12+22+32,................. But 50 is not in
this pattern,so odd one.

7.Find the odd one out.
835,734,642,751,853,981,532
SOLUTION:
In the above series,the difference between
third and first digit of each element is equal to its middle digit.But
751 is not in this pattern,so odd one.

8. Find the odd one out.
385,4462,572,396,427,672,264
SOLUTION:
In the above series,the sum of first and
third digit
of each element is equal to its middle
digit.But 427is not in this pattern,so odd one.

9. Find the odd one out.
331,482,551,263,383,242,111

SOLUTION:
In the above series,the product of
first and third digit of each element is equal to its middle digit.
But 383 is not in this pattern,so odd one.
10. Find the odd one out.
2,5,10,17,26,37,50,64
SOLUTION:
In the above series,the elements are in
the pattern of x2+1,Where x is 1,2,3,4,5,6,7.but 82+1 is not equal to
64.It is 65.64 is odd one.

11. Find the odd one out.
19,28,39,52,67,84,102

SOLUTION:
In the above series,the elements are in
the pattern of x2+3,Where x is 4,5,6,7,8,9,10.but 102+3 is not equal
to 102.It is 103.so 102 is odd one.
12.Find the odd one out.
253,136,352,460,324,613,244

SOLUTION:
In the above series,the elements are in
the pattern of x2+3,Where x is 4,5,6,7,8,9,10.but 102+3 is not equal
to 102.It is 103.so 102 is odd one.
13.Find the odd one out.
2,5,10,50,500,5000

SOLUTION:
In the above series,the pattern as
follows:
1st term * 2nd term = 3rd term
2nd term * 3rd term = 4th term
3rd term * 4th term = 5th term
But 50*500=25000 which is not equal
to 5000.
so 5000 is odd one.


14.Find the odd one out.
582,605,588,611,634,617,600

SOLUTION:
In the above series, alternatively 23 is
added and 17 is subtracted from the terms.
So 634 is odd one.

15.Find the odd one out.
46080,3840,384,48,24,2,1

SOLUTION:
In the above series,the terms are
successively divided by
12,10,8,6,..... so 24 is not in this
pattern.
so 24 is odd one.
16.Find the odd one out.
5,16,6,16,7,16,9

SOLUTION:
In the above series,the terms at odd
places are 5,6,7,8.......and at even places is 16.
So 9 is odd one.
17.Find the odd one out.
6,13,18,25,30,37,40

SOLUTION:
In the above series,the difference between
two successive terms from the beginning are 7,5,7,5.........
so 40 is odd one.
18.Find the odd one out.
56,72,90,110,132,150

SOLUTION:
The above series as follows:
7*8,8*9,9*10,10*11,11*12,12*13.
So it will be 56,72,90,110,132,156
so 150 is wrong.

19.Find the odd one out.
1,2,6,15,31,56,91

SOLUTION:
Add 1square ,2square ,....,6square to the
terms.
so 91 is wrong.

20.Find the odd one out.
105,85,60,30,0,-45,-90

SOLUTION:
Subtract 20,25,30,35,40,45 from the
terms.
So 0 is odd one.

21.Find out the odd one out.
3,10,21,36,55,70,105
SOLUTION:
The pattern in the series is
1*3, 2*5, 3*7, 4*9, 5*11, 6*13, 7*15.
So the series will be 3,10,21,36,55,78,105.
So 70 is wrong term in the series.

22.Find out the odd one out.
4,9,19,39,79,160,319
SOLUTION:
Double the number and add 1 to it.
So the series will be 4,9,39,79,159,319.
So 160 is wrong.
23.Find out the odd one out.
10,14,28,32,64,68,132.
SOLUTION:
Alternatively add 4 and double the next term.
So 132 is wrong.

1.Find the missing term in the series:
4,-8,16,-32,64,( )
SOLUTION:
The terms are doubled and change the sign.
So the next term is -128
2.16,33,65,131,261,( )

SOUTION:
The terms are doubled and 1 is added.
So 261*1+1=522+1=523
So the missing term is 523.

3.2,6,12,20,30,42,56,( )

SOLUTION:
The pattern is 1 * 2 , 2 * 3 , 3 * 4 , 4 * 5 , 5 * 6 , 6 * 7 ,
7 * 8 , 8 * 9 .
So the series is 2,6,12,20,30,42,56,72.
So 72 is the missing term.

4. 8,24,12,36,18,54,( )

SOLUTION:
Numbers are alternatively multiplied by 3 and divided by
2. So the next term is 54 / 2 = 27.
5. 165,195,255,285,345,( )

SOLUTION:
Each number is 15 multiplied by a prime number.
i.e the series is 15*11,15*13,15*17,15*19,15*23,15*29.
So series is 165,195,255,285,345,435.
So 435 is the missing term.
6. 7,16,63,124,215,342,( ).

SOLUTION:
Numbers are 23 -1,33-1,43-1,....................so 83-
1=511.
So 511 is the missing term.
7.2,4,12,48,240,( )

SOLUTION:
Go on multiplying by 2,3,4,5,6.
So the last term in the series is 240*6=1440.
8.8,7,11,12,14,17,17,22,( )
SOLUTION:
There are two series 8,11,14,17,20 and 7,12,17,22
So increasing by 3 and 5.So 20 the missing term.
9.71,76,69,74,67,72,( )

SOLUTION:
Alternately add 5 and subtract 7.
so the series is 71+5=76
10.2,5,9,19,37
SOLUTION:
Second number is one more than twice the first,Third
number is one less than twice the second,Forth is one
more than twice the third and so on.
So the next number is 2 * 37 + 1 = 74+1 = 75.

11. Find the wrong number in the given series.
3,8,15,24,34,48,63
SOLUTION:
The difference between consecutive terms are
respectively 5,7,9,11,13.
So 34 is the wrong number in the series.
12. 125,106,88,76,65,58,53
SOLUTION:
Subtract 24,21,18,15,12,9 from the numbers to get the
next number.
So 128 is wrong.
13. 1,1,2,6,24,96,720

SOLUTION:
Multiply with 1,2,3,4,5,6 to get the next number.
So 96 is wrong.
14 . 32,36,41,61,86,122,171,235
SOLUTION:
Second term = First term + 22
Third term = Second term + 32
Fourth term = Third term + 42
Fifth term = Forth term + 52
Sixth term = Fifth term + 62
Seventh term = Sixth term + 72
So the third term should be 45 instead of 41.

15 . 15,16,34,105,424,2124,12576

SOLUTION:
Second term = First term * 1 + 1 = 16
Third term = Second term * 2 + 2 = 34
Forth term = Third Term * 3 + 3 = 105
Fifth term = Forth term * 4 + 4 = 424
Sixth term = Fifth term * 5 + 5 =2125
Seventh term = Sixth term * 6 + 6 = 12576.
So 2124 is wrong.
16 . 40960,10240,2560,640,200,40,10

SOLUTION:
Go on dividing by 4 ,the series will be
40960,10240,2560,640,160,40,10.
So 200 is wrong.
17.7,8,18,57,228,1165,6996

SOLUTION:
Let the numbers be A,B,C,D,E,F,G then
A,A*1+1,B*2+2,C*3+3,............
so 288 is wrong.
18. 19,26,33,46,59,74,91

SOLUTION:
Go on adding 7,9,11,13,15,17.
So 33 is wrong.
19 . 10,26,74,218,654,1946,5834.

SOLUTION:
Second term = first term * 3 C 4 = 26.
Third term = Second term * 3 C 4 =74
Forth term = Third term * 3 C 4 =218
Fifth term = Forth term * 3 C 4 =650
So 654 is wrong .

ro!a!ilit?
Introduction:
Experiment:
An operation which can produce some well-defined outcome is
called an experiment.
Random Experiment:
An experiment in which all possible out comes are known and
the exact output cannot be predicted in advance is called a
random experiment.
EX:
1) Rolling an unbiased dice.
2) Tossing a fair coin.
3) Drawing a card from a pack of well-shuffled cards .
4)Picking up a ball of certain colour from a bag containing
balls of different colours.
Details:
1) When we thrown a coin ,then either a Head(H) or a Tail(T)
appears.
2)A dice is a solid cube ,having 6 faces,marked 1,2,3,4,5,6
respectively. When we throw a die ,the outcome is the number
that appears on its upper face.
3)A pack of cards has 52 cards.
It has 13 cards of each suit,namely spades,clubs,hearts and
diamonds. Cards of spades and clubs are balck cards.
Cards of hearts and diamonds are red cards.
There are four honours of each suit.
These are Aces,Kings,queens and Jacks.
These are called Face cards.
Sample Space:
When we perform an experiment ,then the set of S of all
possible outcomes is called the Sample space .
EX:
1)In tossing a coin S= {H,T}.
2)If two coins are tossed then S= {HH,HT,TH,TT}.
3)In rolling a dice ,we have S={1,2,3,4,5,6}.
Event:Any subset of a sample space is called an Event.
Probability of occurrence of an Event:
Let S be the sample space.
Let E be the Event.
Then E cS i.e E is subset of S then
probability of E p(E) =n(E)/n(S).
Reults on Probability:
1)P(S) =1.
2)0 < P(E) < 1
probability of an event lies between 0 and 1.
Max value of probability of an event is one.
3)P()=0.
4)For any events A and B we have .
P(AUB) =P(A) +P(B) -P(AnB).
5)If A denotes (not -A) then
P(A) =1-P(A)
P(A)+P(A) =1.

Problems:
1)An biased die is tossed.Find the probability of getting a
multiple of 3?
Sol: Here we have sample space S={1,2,3,4,5,6}.
Let E be the event of getting a multiple of 3.
Then E={3,6}.
P(E) =n(E)/n(S).
n(E) =2,
n(S) =6.
P(E) =2/6
P(E) =1/3.
2)In a simultaneous throw of a pair of dice,find the
probability of getting a total more than 7?
Sol: Here we have sample space n(S) =6*6 =36.
Let E be the event of getting a total more than 7.
={(1,6),(2,5),(3,4),(4,3)(5,2),(6,1)(2,6),(3,5),(4,4),
(5,3),(6,2),(4,5),(5,4),
(5,5),(4,6),(6,4)}
n(E) =15
P(E) = n(E)/n(S)
= 15/36.
P(E) = 5/12.
3)A bag contains 6 white and 4 black balls .Two balls are
drawn at random .Find the probability that they are of the
same colour?
Sol: Let S be the sample space.
Number of ways for drawing two balls out of 6 white and
4 red balls = 10C2
=10!/(8!*2!)
= 45.
n(S) =45.
Let E =event of getting both balls of the same colour.
Then
n(E) =number of ways of drawing ( 2balls out of 6) or
(2 balls out of 4).
= 6C2 +4C2
= 6!/(4!*2!) + 4!/(2! *2!)
= 6*5/2 +4 *3/2
=15+6 =21.
P(E) =n(E)/n(S) =21/45 =7/45.
4)Two dice are thrown together .What is the probability that
the sum of the number on
the two faces is divisible by 4 or 6?
Sol: n(S) = 6*6 =36.
E be the event for getting the sum of the number on the two
faces is divisible by 4 or 6.
E={(1,3)(1,5)(2,4?)(2,2)(3,5)(3,3)(2,6)(3,1)(4,2)(4,4)
(5,1)(5,3)(6,2)(6,6)}
n(E) =14.
Hence P(E) =n(E)/n(S)
= 14/36.
P(E) = 7/18
5)Two cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards What
is the probability that either both are black or both are
queens?
Sol: total number of ways for choosing 2 cards from
52 cards is =52C2 =52 !/(50!*2!)
= 1326.
Let A= event of getting bothe black cards.
Let B= event of getting bothe queens
AnB=Event of getting queens of black cards
n(A) =26C2.
We have 26 black cards from that we have to choose 2 cards.
n(A) =26C2=26!/(24!*2!)
= 26*25/2=325
from 52 cards we have 4 queens.
n(B) = 4C2
= 4!/(2!* 2!) =6
n(AnB) =2C2. =1
P(A) = n(A) /n(S) =325/1326
P(B) = n(B)/n(S) = 6/1326
P(A n B) = n(A n B)/n(S) = 1/1326
P(A u B) = P(A) +P(B) -P(AnB)
= 325/1326 + 6/1326 -1/1326
= 330/1326
P(AuB) = 55/221
6)Two diced are tossed the probability that the total score
is a prime number?
Number of total ways n(S) =6 * 6 =36
E =event that the sum is a prime number.
Then E={(1,1)(1,2)(1,4)(1,6)(2,1)(2,3)(2,5)(3,2)(3,4)(4,1)
(4,3)(5,2)(5,6)(6,1)(6,5)}
n(E) =15
P(E) =n(E)/n(S)
= 15/36
P(E) = 5/12

7)Two dice are thrown simultaneously .what is the probability
of getting two numbers whose product is even?
Sol : In a simultaneous throw of two dice ,we have n(S) = 6*6
= 36
E=Event of getting two numbers whose product is even
E={(1,2)(1,4)(1,6)(2,1)(2,2)(2,3)(2,4)(2,5)(2,6)(3,2)
(3,4)(3,6)(4,1)(4,2)(4,3)(4,4)(4,5)(4,6)(5,2)(5,4)(5,6)(6,1)
(6,2)(6,3)(6,4)(6,5)(6,6)}
n(E) = 27
P(E) = n(E)/n(S)
= 27 /36
P(E) =3/4
probability of getting two numbers whose product is even is
equals to 3/4.
8)In a lottery ,there are 10 prozes and 25 blanks.A lottery is
drawn at random. what is the probability of getting a prize ?
Sol: By drawing lottery at random ,we have n(S) =10C1+25C1
= 10+25
= 35.
E =event of getting a prize.
n(E) =10C1 =10
out of 10 prozes we have to get into one prize .The number of
ways 10C1.
n(E) =10
n(S) =35
P(E) =n(E)/n(S)
=10/35
= 2/7
Probability is 2/7.
9)In a class ,30 % of the students offered English,20 % offered
Hindi and 10 %offered Both.If a student is offered at random,
what is the probability that he has offered English or Hindi?
Sol:English offered students =30 %.
Hindi offered students =20%
Both offered students =10 %
Then only english offered students E =30 -10
=20 %
only Hindi offered students S =20 -10 %
= 10 %
All the students =100% =E +S +E or S
100 =20 +10 + E or S +E and S
Hindi or English offered students =100 -20-10-10
=60 %
Probability that he has offered English or Hindi =60/100= 2/5
10) A box contains 20 electricbulbs ,out of which 4 are defective,
two bulbs are chosen at random from this box.What is the
probability that at least one of these is defective ?
Sol: out of 20 bulbs ,4 bulbs are defective.
16 bulbs are favourable bulbs.
E = event for getting no bulb is defective.
n(E) =16 C 2
out of 16 bulbs we have to choose 2 bulbs randomly .so the number
of ways =16 C 2
n(E) =16 C2
n(S) =20 C 2
P(E) =16 C2/20C2
= 12/19
probability of at least one is defective + probability of one
is non defective =1
P(E) + P(E) =1
12/19 +P(E) =1
P(EC) =7/19
11)A box contains 10 block and 10 white balls.What is the
probability of drawing two balls of the same colour?
Sol: Total number of balls =10 +10
=20 balls
Let S be the sample space.
n(S) =number of ways drawing 2 balls out of 20
= 20 C2
= 20 !/(18! *2!)
= 190.
Let E =event of drawing 2 balls of the same colour.
n(E) =10C2+ 10C2
= 2(10 C2)
= 90
P(E) =n(E)/n(S)
P(E) =90/190
= 9/19
12) A bag contains 4 white balls ,5 red and 6 blue balls .Three
balls are drawn at random from the bag.What is the probability
that all of them are red ?
Sol: Let S be the sample space.
Then n(S) =number of ways drawing 3 balls out of 15.
=15 C3.
=455
Let E =event of getting all the 3 red balls.
n(E) = 5 C3 =5C2
= 10
P(E) =n(E) /n(S) =10/455 =2/91.

13)From a pack of 52 cards,one card is drawn at random.What is the
probability that the card is a 10 or a spade?
Sol: Total no of cards are 52.
These are 13 spades including tne and there are 3 more tens.
n(E) =13+3
= 16
P(E) =n(E)/n(S).
=16/52
P(E) =4/13.
14) A man and his wife appear in an interview for two vacancies in
the same post.The probability of husband's selection is 1/7 and the
probabililty of wife's selection is 1/5.What is the probabililty
that only one of them is selected?
Sol: let A =event that the husband is selected.
B = event that the wife is selected.
E = Event for only one of them is selected.
P(A) =1/7
and
p(B) =1/5.
P(A') =Probability of husband is not selected is =1-1/7=6/7
P(B') =Probaility of wife is not selected =1-1/5=4/7
P(E) =P[(A and B') or (B and A')]
= P(A and B') +P(B and A')
= P(A)P(B') + P(B)P(A')
= 1/7*4/5 + 1/5 *6/7
P(E) =4/35 +6/35=10/35 =2/7
15)one card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards.What is the
probability that the card drawn is a face card?
Sol: There are 52 cards,out of which there 16 face cards.
P(getting a face card) =16/52
= 4/13
16) The probability that a card drawn from a pack of 52 cards will
be a diamond or a king?
Sol: In 52 cards 13 cards are diamond including one king there are
3 more kings. E event of getting a diamond or a king.
n(E) =13 +3
= 16
P(E) =n(E) /n(S) =16/52
=4/13
17) Two cards are drawn together from apack of 52 cards.What is the
probability that one is a spade and one is a heart ?
Sol: S be the sample space the n (S) =52C2 =52*51/2
=1326
let E =event of getting 2 kings out of 4 kings
n(E) =4C2
= 6
P(E) =n(E)/n(S)
=6/1326
=1/221
18) Two cards are drawn together from a pack of 52 cards.What is the
probability that one is a spade and one is a heart?
Sol: Let S be the sample space then
n(S) =52C2
=1326
E = Event of getting 1 spade and 1 heart.
n(E) =number of ways of choosing 1 spade out of 13 and 1 heart out
of 13.
= 13C1*13C1 =169
P(E)= n(E)/n(S)
=169/1326 =13/102.
19) Two cards are drawn from a pack of 52 cards .What is the
probability that either both are Red or both are Kings?
Sol: S be the sample space.
n(S) =The number of ways for drawing 2 cards from 52 cards.
n(S) =52C2
=1326
E1 be the event of getting bothe red cards.
E2 be the event of getting both are kings.
E1nE2 =Event of getting 2 kings of red cards.
We have 26 red balls.From 26 balls we have to choose 2 balls.
n(E1) =26C2
= 26*25/2
=325
We have 4 kings .out of 4 kings,we have to choosed 2 balls.
n(E2) =4C2
=6
n(E1nE2) =2C2 =1
P(E1) = n(E1)/n(S)
=325/1326
P(E2) =n(E2)/n(S)
=6/1326
P(E1nE2) =n(E1nE2)/n(S) =1/1326
P(both red or both kings) = P(E1UE2)
= P(E1) +P(E2)-P(E1nE2)
=325/1326 +6/1326 -1/1326
=330/1326 =55/221
ERM"TATIONS AND COM&INATIONS
CONCET
Formulae:-
-> Factorial Notation :- Let n be positive integer.Then ,factorial n
dentoed by n! is defined as
n! = n(n-1)(n-2). . . . . . . .3.2.1
eg:- 5! = (5 * 4* 3 * 2 * 1)
= 120
0! = 1
->Permutations :- The different arrangements of a given number of things
by taking some or all at a time,are called permutations.
eg:- All permutations( or arrangements)made with the letters
a,b,c by
taking two at a time are (ab,ba,ac,ca,bc,cb)
->Numbers of permutations :- Number of all permutations of n things ,
taken r at a time is given by
nPr = n(n-1)(n-2). . .. . . (n-r+1)
= n! / (n-r)!
->An Important Result :- If there are n objects of which p1 are alike
of one
kind ; p2 are alike of another kind ; p3 are alike of third kind
and so on
and pr are alike of rth kind, such that (p1+p2+. . . . . . . .
pr) = n
Then,number of permutations of these n objects is:
n! / (p1!).(p2!). . . . .(pr!)
->Combinations :- Each of different groups or selections which can be
formed by taking some or all of a number of objects,is called a
combination.
eg:- Suppose we want to select two out of three boys
A,B,C .
then ,possible selection are AB,BC & CA.
Note that AB and BA represent the same selection.
-> Number of Combination :- The number of all combination of n things
taken r at atime is:
nCr = n! / (r!)(n-r)!
= n(n-1)(n-2). . . . . . . tor
factors / r!
Note that : nCn = 1 and nC0 =1
An Important Result : nCr = nC(n-r)
RO&LEMS
1.Evaluate 30!/28!
Sol:- 30!/28! = 30 * 29 * (28!) / (28!)
= 30 * 29 =870
2.Find the value of 60P3
Sol:- 60P3 = 60! / (60 C 3)! = 60! / 57!
= (60 * 59 *58 * (57!) )/
57!
= 60 * 59 *58
= 205320
3. Find the value of 100C98 50C 50
Sol:- 100C98 = 100C100-98)
= 100 * 99 / 2 *1
= 4950
50C50 = 1
4.How many words can be formed by using all the letters of the word
CDAUGHTRC so that vowels always come together & vowels are never
together?
Sol:- (i) Given word contains 8 different letters
When the vowels AUE are always together we may suppose
them to form an entity ,treated as one letter
then the letter to be arranged are DAHTR(AUE)
these 6 letters can be arranged in 6p6 = 6!
= 720 ways
The vowels in the group (AUE) may be arranged in 3! = 6
ways
Required number of words = 760 * 6 =4320
(ii)Total number of words formed by using all the letters of the given
words
8! = 8 * 7 * 6 * 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1
= 40320
Number of words each having vowels together
= 760 * 6
= 4320
Number of words each having vowels never together
= 40320 C 4320
= 36000
5.In how many ways can a cricket eleven be chosen out of a batch
of 15 players.
Sol:- Required number of ways
= 15C 11 = 15C (15-11)
= 15 C 4
15C4 = 15 * 14 * 13 * 12 / 4 * 3 * 2 *1
= 1365
6.In how many a committee of 5 members can be selected from 6men
5 ladies consisting of 3 men and 2 ladies
Sol:- (3 men out of 6) and (2 ladies out of 5) are to be
chosen
Required number of ways
=(6C3 * 5C2)
= 200
7.How many 4-letter word with or without meaning can be formed out
of the letters of the word 'LOGARITHMS' if repetition of letters is
not allowed
Sol:- 'LOGARITHMS' contains 10 different letters
Required number of words
= Number of arrangements of 100 letters
taking
4 at a time
= 10P4
= 10 * 9 * 8 * 7
= 5040
8.In how many ways can the letter of word 'LEADER' be arranged
Sol:- The word 'LEADER' contains 6 letters namely
1L,2E,1A,1D and 1R
Required number of ways
= 6! / (1!)(2!)(1!)(1!)(1!)
= 6 * 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 *1 / 2 * 1
=360
9.How many arrangements can be made out of the letters of the word
'MATHEMATICS' be arranged so that the vowels always come
together
Sol:- In the word ' MATHEMATICS' we treat vowels
AEAI as one letter thus we have MTHMTCS(AEAI)
now we have to arrange 8 letters out of which M occurs
twice ,T occurs twice & the rest are different
Number of ways of arranging these letters
= 8! / (2!)(2!)
= 10080
now AEAI has 4 letters in which A occurs 2 times and the rest
are different
Number of ways of arranging these letters
= 4! / 2! = 12
Required number of words = (10080 * 12)
= 120960
10.In how many different ways can the letter of the word 'DETAIL' be
arranged in such a way that the vowels occupy only the odd positions
Sol:- These are 6 letters in the given word , out of which
there are 3 vowels and 3 consonants
Let us mark these positions as under
(1)(2) (3) (4)(5)(6)
now 3 vowels can be placed at any of the three places out
of 4
marked 1,3,5
Number of ways of arranging the vowels = 3P3 = 3! =6
Also,the 3 consonants can be arranged at the remaining 3 positions
Number of arrangements = 3P3 = 6
Total number of ways = (6 * 6) =36
11.How many 3 digit numbers can be formed from the digits 2,3,5,6,7
and 9 which are divisible by 5 and none of the digits is repeated?
Sol:- Since each desired number is divisible by 5,
so we much have 5 at the unit place. The hundreds place
can now be filled by any of the remaining 4 digits .so, there
4 ways of filling it.
Required number of numbers = (1 * 5 * 4)
= 20
12.In how many ways can 21 books on English and 19 books on Hindi
be placed in a row on a self so that two books on Hindi may not
be together?
Sol:- In order that two books on Hindi are never together,
we must place all these books as under:
X E X E X . . . . . . . . . . X E X
Where E denotes the position of an English and X that of
a Hindi book.
Since there are 21 books on English,the number of places
marked X are therefore 22.
Now, 19 places out of 22 can be chosen in
22 C 19 = 22 C 3 =22 * 21 * 20 / 3 * 2 *1
Hence the required number of ways = 1540
13.Out of 7 constants and 4 vowels how many words of 3 consonants
and 2 vowels can be formed?
Sol:- Number of ways of selecting (3 consonants out of 7) and
(2 vowels out of 4)
= 7C3 * 4C2
= 210
Number of groups each having 3 consonants and 2 vowels =
210
Each group contains 5 letters
Number of ways of arranging 5 letters among themselves
= 5! = (5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1)
= 210
Required number of words = (210 * 210)
= 25200
PUZZLES
Puzzles are dealt in a detailed manner with certain solutions.
Different puzzles are gathered from ShakuntalaDeviC"s puzzle books.
Keeping in mind certain puzzles for Infosys some reasoning problems are
also dealt.
Puzzle name at the top of each problem will give a brief idea regarding
the mode of application.
SELECTING A CANDIDATE
For an advertisement of six local posts,twelve persons applied for the
job.Can you tell in how many different ways the selection can be made?
Solution:
6^12
SET OF BAT AND BALL
When I wanted to buy a bat and ball ,the shopkeeper said they would
together cost Rs.3.75.But I did not want to buy a ball.The shopkeeper
said that bat would cost 75paise more than the ball.What was the cost
of bat and the ball?
Soluton:
Given that bat and ball together cost Rs.3.75 = 375paise
Let cost of the ball alone be x.
Given cost of the bat is 75p greater than cost of the ball.
So cost of the bat = x+75
x+x+75 = 375
2x = 375 C 75
2x = 300
x = 150p
Hence cost of the ball = Rs.1.50
=>Cost of the bat = 1.50 + 75 = Rs.2.25
PLAYING CHILDREN
A group of boys and girls are playing.15 boys leave.There remain 2
girls for each boy.Then 45 girls leave.There remain 5 boys for each
girl.How many boys were in the orginal group?
Solution:
Let B and G represent no.of boys and girls in the original group
respectively.
G ---------> 2
B-15 ----------> 1
G/B-15 = 2/1
i.e., 2 girls are left for 15 boys who are alone.
G-45 -------------------->1
B-15 ------------------------->5
5 boys are left out when 15 girls are alone.

=>G/B-15=2/1 --------------------------------(1)
=>G-45/B-15 =1/5 ----------------------------(2)
(1) & (2) =>
G = 2B-30
5G C 225 = B - 15
5 ( 2B C 30 ) = B C 15 + 225
10B = B C 15 + 225 + 150
9B = 360
B = 40
(1)=> G/40-15 = 2
G=50 girls.
SOLVNG PROBLEMS
Reshma appeared for a maths exam.She was given 100 problems to
solve.She tried to solve all of them correctly but some went wrong.But
she scored 85.
Her score was calculated by subtracting two times th no.of wrong
answers from the no.of correct answers.How many problems did Reshma do
correctly?
Soluton:
Assume W as wrong answers and R as correct answers
Given total no.of questions as 100
R+W=100 ---------------------------(1)
Score is calculated by subtracting 2 times wrong answers(2W)
from right answers(R) and given as 85
R-2W=85 -------------------------------(2)
(2)-(1)
R-2W=85
R+W=100
---------------------
W=5
Hence,100-5=95 is the no.of correct answers of Reshma.
A RUNNNG RACE
Sneha,Shilpa,Sushma join a running race.The distance is 1500
metres.Sneha beats Shilpa by 30 metres and Sushma by 100 metres.By how
much could Shilpa beat Sushma over the full distance if they both ran
as before?
Solution:
Total distance covered by Sneha=1500m
Shilpa=1500-30=1470
Sneha =1500-100=1400
Distance covered by Shilpa=1500*1400/1470=1428.6
Distance to be covered by Shilpa to beat Sushma over full
distance 1500-1428.6=71.4m
FILLING A CISTERN
Pipe S1 can fill a cistern in 2 hours and pipe S2 in 3 hours.Pipe S3
can empty it in 5 hours.Supposing all the pipes are turned on when the
cistern is competely empty,how long will it take to fill?
Solution:
S1 fills cistern in 1/2 hours
S2 fills cistern in 1/3 hours
S3 empties it in 1/5 hours
A the pipes S1,S2,S3 working i.e.,filling the cistern
1/2+1/3-1/5=15+10-6/30=25-6/30=19/30
No.of hours to fill=30/19=1 11\19hours.
SEQUENCE PROBLEMS
What are the next two terms in the sequence?
1,1,5,17,61,217.................
Solution:
The order in this cases is
Tn=3*Tn-1 +2*Tn-2
= 3(217)+2(61)
= 773
Tn+1=3(773)+2(271)
=2319+542
=2753
SEQUENCES
What are the next two terms in the sequence?
1,1,5,17,61,217.................
Solution:
Tn=3Tn-1+2Tn-2
=3(217)+2(61)
=773
Tn+1=3(773)+2(217)=2753
What are the next three terms to the series?
1+3+7+15+31+63...........
Solution:
Actual term is 2exp n-1.
The next three terms are:
2exp7-1=127
2exp8-1=255
2exp9-1=511
A PROBLEM OF SHOPPING
Samsrita went out for shopping by taking with her Rs.15/- in one rupee
notes and 20p coins.On return she had as many one rupee notes as she
originally had and as many 20p coins as she had one rupee notes.She
came back with 1/3rd with what she had.How much did Samsrita spend and
how much did she take?
Solution:
Let x be no.of rupee notes y be no.of 20pcoins.
So,when going for shopping 100x+20y paise were there with
Samsrita.
On return she had 100y+20x paise.
Also it is given that she had 1/3 rd of the orginal amount.
1/3(10x+20y)=100y+20x
=>4x=280y
=>x=7y
y=1 => x=7 total =7.20 <15
y=2 =>x=14 total=14.40~=15
y=3 =>x=21 total=21.60 >>15
Hence the suitable value nearer to the amunt is 14.40 and so is
the amount Samsrita carried with her.
1/3(1440)=480paise.
Rs.4.80/- is amount spent by Samsrita.
A PUZZLE OF CULTURAL GROUPS
Literary,Dramatic,Musical,Dancing and Painting are the 5 groups of a
club.Literary group meets every other day,dramatic every third
day,musical every fourth day,dancing every fifth day,painting every
sixth day.Five groups meet on NewYears day of 1975 and starting from
that day they met regularly on schedule.
How many times did all the 5 groups meet on same day in first quarter
excluding Jan1,1975.How many days did none of them met?
Solution:
LCM of 2,3,4,5,6 is 60.
Hence excluding Jan1,1975 they met on every 61st day.

60/2=30 60/3=20 60/4=15 60/5=12 60/6=10
Literary meet for 30 2 day intervals.
Dramatic meet for 20 3 day intervals.
Musical meet for 15 4 day intervals.
Dancing meet for 12 5 day intervals.
Paintng meet for 10 6 day intervals.
First quartr implies 3 months with 90 days.
So inorder to a nswer that how many days do they don/t meet
atleast once in first quarter is got by rounding all other categories.
By counting all the intervals for other groups no.of days in Jan 8,Feb
7,Mar 9.
Total is 24.
STOLEN MANGOES
Three naughty boys stole some mangoes from a garden.Among them one
counted and ate one.From the remainder he took precise third and went
back to sleep.
After sometime second boy woke up,counted the mangoes,ate one,took an
exact third of the remaining and went back to sleep.
After sometime third boy also did the same.In the morning they found
one which was rotten and hence threw it away from the remainder,they
made an exact division.How many mangoes did they steal?
Solution:
Let the noof mangoes be x
After the first boy had eaten noof mangoes =x-1
After taking 1/3 rd of remaining it is 2x-2/3
Second boy ate one and tok 1/3 then it is 2(2x-2/3 -1)=4x-10/9
Third boy ate and tok 1/3 as 2(4x-19)/27=8x-38/27
Deducting the rotten one from remaining noogf mangoes left=8x-
38/27=8x-765/27
This is divided among the three equally 8x-65/27=3n
8x=81n+65
Let n be equal to odd number 2b+1
8x=81(2b+1)+65
4x=81b+73
Let b=2c+1
4x=81(2c+1)+73
2x=81c+77
Let c=2d+1
x=81d+79
Least value of x for d=0 is 79
for d=1 is 160
for d=3 is 241
On verfication,79-1=78/3=26
Hence 79 is the correct answer.
AN ELECTION PROBLEM
My club had a problem recently.They had to appoint a Ssecretary from
among the men and a joint secretary from among the women.
We have a membership of 12 men and 10 women.In how many ways can the
selection be made?
Solution:
As per the permutations and combinatins concept of mathematics,
out of 12 men one selected as secretary can be done in 12c1 ways
out of 10 women one selected as joint secretary can be done in
10c1 ways
Hence one secrtary and one joint secretary is 12*10=120
SNAPPING A PLANE
A plane has a span of 12 metres.It was photographed as it was flying
directly overhead with a camera with a depth of 12cm.In the photo the
span of the plane was same.Can you tell how higher was the plane when
it was snapped?
Solution:
Actual span of the plane was 12m
Span of the plane n photograph was 800m
Depth of the plane is 12000m=12cm
Hence,height of the plane when photographed be x
12000:800 = x:12
x=180m
A THRST PROBLEM
Pramatha and Pranathi went camping.They took their own water in bg
plastic bottles.
Pramatha got thirsty and drank half the water in her bottle.A little
later on she drank 1/3 f what was left.Sometime afterwards she drank
1/4 of what remained and so on
Pranathi also had a bottle of the same size.She drank half the bottle
at the first instance ,half of what remained when she drank next and so
on.
Aftr each took 10 drins ,the water Pramatha left was how many times
greatr than the water Pranathi had left?
Soltuion:
Pramatha for the first drink 1/2
for the second drink 1/3
for the third drink 1/4
She drank 10 times and hence by the end of the 10th drink 1/11
of water she had in the bottle was over.
Pranathi for the first drink 1/2
for the second drin 1/4
for the third drink 1/8
So Pranathi as per the given information has drunk 1/1024 of
water she had in the bottle.
Water left for Pramatha/Water left for Pranathi=1/11 / 1/1024
=1024/11
NAME OF THE EXCHANGE
In GreatBritain some years ago the first threeletters of a telephone
number usd to indicate the name of the exchangeHow many such
arrangements of 3 letters is it possible to devise from the 26 letters
of the alphabet?
Solution:
For permutations the no.of ways to select is npr=n!/(n-r)!
Hence out of 26 letters the possible outcomes are 26p3=26!/23!=15600

VALUE OF THE SERIES
Take a good look at the following series.
1-1/3+1/5-1/7+1/9-1/11+1/13....................
Find the value of the series and multiply the answer by 4.You will
notce that a well-known vale approximates this product.Even more
interestng is that as you add more terms the approximation becomes
closer.
Solution:
Ths is an Arithmetic progresson with value .76 when two terms
adde becomes .77 and multiplidd by 4 it becomes 3.04 and 3.08
repeatition it is 3.14 which pi value adjusted to 2 decimals.
PLANTING TREES
If you wished to plant some trees so that each was equidistant from
every pther tree,what is the largest number you would plant?
Solution:
From the above informatin,as per equidstant formula of triangle,it is
an equilateral triangle.
Planting at all the three corners only 3 can be planted.
The centroid is the middle point placed exactly equidistant from all
the corners.
Hence 4 plants can be planted at euqidistant.
LENGTH OF A TRAIN
A train is travelling at the speed of 96 kmph.It takes 3 seconds to
enter a tunnel and 30 seconds more to pass thorugh it completely.What
is the length of the train and the tunnel?
Solution:
Speed of the train=95*5/18 m/sec
Time taken=3ssec
Length of the train=96*5/18*3=80m
Length of the tunnel=96*5/18*30=800m
A GAME OF BILLIARDS
Rajv,Sanjiv,Vinay were playing a game of Billiards.Rajiv can give
Sanjiv 10 points in 50 and Sanjiv can give 10 points in 50.How many
points in 50 must Rajiv gve Sanjiv to make an even game?
Solution:
Rajiv 50 Sanjiv 40
Sanjiv 50 Vinay 40
Sanjiv 40 Vinay 40*40/50=32
Rajiv 50 Sanjiv 40 Vinay 32
Rajiv gains 18 points than Vinay (50-32=18)
WOMEN AT CLUB SOCIALS
Women outnumbered men by 16 at a club social.Seventimes the no.of women
exceeds nine times the no.of men by 32.What was the number of men and
women at club?
Solution:
Let W and M be the no.of women and men respectively.
Given W=M+16.................(1)
7W=9M+32................(2)
7*(1)=>7W=7M+112........(3)
(3)-(2) =>M=40
W=56
FILLING WINE IN BARRELS
A friend of mine in London has a very nice cellar.He has two large
barrels in the cellar.The larger barrel is mostly empty.But the smaller
barrel is only 5/6 th full f wine while it can hold 536
litres.Supposing he empties the smaller barrel and fills the bigger
barrel to find that the wine fills only 4/9 of it.How much wine would
the larger barrel hold when full?
Solution:
5/6-------------------536
4/9-------------------?
5/6*536=4/9*x
=>x=1005 litrs
WEIGHT OF A BRICK
We have a brick of regular size.It weighs 4 kilograms.How much do you
think asmaller brick four times small, but made of the same material
weigh?
Solution:
The weight of the given brick = 4 Kilograms = 4000 grams
It is given that the smaller brick's volume is 4 times smaller
than the given one.
The volume of smaller brick = 4 * 4 * 4 = 64 times smaller
The smaller brick's weight = 4000/64 = 62.5 grams
A JUMPING FROG
A frog starts climbing a 30 ft wall. Each hour it climbs 3 ft and slips
back 2. How many days does it take him to reach the top and get out?
Solution:
Hours Feets
1 3ft - 2ft = 1ft
2 3ft - 2ft = 1ft
3 3ft - 2ft = 1ft
: :
: :
27 3ft - 2ft = 1 ft
At the end of 27th hour the frog climbs 27fts and on 28th hour it
climbs the remaining 3fts and comes out.
QUESTION OF PROBABILITY
My friend Parveen teaches at a school. One day she conducted a test for
3 of her students and when they handed back the test papers, they had
forgotten to write their names.
Parveen returned the papers to the students at random.What is the
probability that none of the 3 students will get the right paper?
Solution:
The possible combinations for the given condition are:
1 2 3 condition met
1 2 3 No
1 3 2 Yes
2 1 3 No
2 3 1 Yes
3 1 2 Yes
3 2 1 No
The required probability = 2/6 = 1/3
MATHEMATICAL ODDITY
In the 20th century there are only seven years whose numbers are a
mathematical oddity because their numbers signify a prime number.The
first one of its kind was the year 1951.Can you name the other sin?
Solution:
1973,1979,1987,1993,1997,1999.
DOWN THE ESCALATOR
Recently,while in London,I decided to walk down the escalator of a tube
station.I did some quick calculation in my mind.I found that if I wa
down 26 steps, I require 30 seconds to reach the bottom.However ,if I
am able to step down 34 stairs I would only require 18 secionds to get
to the bottom.
If the time is measured from the moment the top step begins to descend
to the time I step off the last step at the bottom , can you yel the
height of the stairway in steps?
Solution:
Given that after walking 26 steps time needed to reach the
bottom is
30 seconds ---(1)

Similarly after walking 34 steps, it needs
18 seconds more to reach the bottom ---(2)
from (1) & (2) it is clear that
for (34-26) steps it took (30-18) seconds.
i.e; 12 seconds for 8 steps
in 1 second --------?
(1*8)/12=2/3 steps/sec.
i.e; 2 steps in 3 seconds
for 30 seconds -----------how many steps?
=> (30*2)/3=20 steps.
Finally Total number of steps = 26 + (steps covered in 30
seconds)=26+20=46 steps.
A COMPUTING PROBLEM
Compute (100-1)(100-2)(100-3).........................(100+1)(100+2)
(100+3)=?
Solution:
=>(100-1)(100-2)(100-3).........(100-100)(100+1)(100+2)(100+3)
=>(100-1)(100-2)(100-3).........(0)(100+1)(100+2)(100+3)
=0
A CIRCLE AND A TRIANGLE
What do you call a circle which passes through the vertices of of a
triangle?
Solution:
Circumscribed.The meaning to circumscribe is to describe a figure
round another so as to touch it at points without cutting.This is
exactly what takes place with the circumscribed circle.
To find the center of such a circle,we have to bisect the sides of a
triangle and errect perpendiculars which are concurrent at the
circumcentre.
The radius r of the circumscribed circle of the triangle ABC is given by
R=a/2SinA=b/2SinB=c/2Sinc
MISSING TERMS
48,60,58,72,68,104.......
Here is a sequenc.Can you find the two missing terms?
Solution:
The odd terms are in the decimal system and differ by 10.And each even
term is the preceeding odd term expressed in the octonamy system.78-
8=70,remainder 6:9:8=1,remainder 1.
Therefore the next two terms are: 78,116
PACKETS OF CANDY
If 6 men can pack 6 packets of candy in 6 minutes.How many are required
to pack 60 packets in 60 minutes?
Solution:
Given that for 6 men to pack 6packets of candy it takes 6 miutes.i.e.,
for 1 man to pack 1 packet it takes 1 miute.
Hence,for 60 packets to be packed in 60 miutes we need 60 men.
A PROBLEM OF WEIGHT
In my neighbourhood lives a man who weighs 200 pounds.He has two
sons.They both weigh 100 pounds each.On a festival day they decide to
go across the river on a boat to vissit some relations.But the boat
could carry a maximum load at only 200 pounds.Yes they managed to come
across the river by boat.How did they?
Solution:
Let us assume that c1 ----------------->first son
c2 ---------------->second son
f ------------------>father
First the two sons c1,c2rowed across the river and c1 stayed behind
while c2 returned in the boat to his father.
The son remained behind while the father crossed the river.
Then the other son brought back and the two brothers c1,c2 rowed over
together.
A PROBLEM OF CANDY BARS
Recently I attended a birthday party.All the children in the party were
given candy bars.All the children got 3 candy bars each except the
child sitting in the end.She got only 2 candy bars.If only child had
been given 2 candy bars there would have been 8 candy bars
remaining.How many candy bars were there altogether to begin with?
Solution:
Suppose that there were x children at the party.
If we distribute the candies in the above mentioned ways,then the
resulting expressions
3(x-1)+2---------------------(1)
2x+8-------------------------(2)
3(x-1)+2=2x+8
3x-3+2=2x+8
3x-1=2x+8
x=9
Therefore the no.of candies for distribution 2x+8=2*9+8=18+8=26
FIND OUT THE SUM
What is the sum of all numbers between 100 and 1000 which are divisible
by 14?
Solution:
Let us assume that the sum is S
s=112+126+........+994
s=14(8+9+10+.....................+71)
s=14(8+71)(71-8+1)/2=7(79)(64)=35392
WALKING ALL THE WAY
One day I decided to walk all the way from Banglore to Tumkur.I
started exactly at noon and some one I know in Tumkur decided to walk
all the way from Tumkur to Banglore and she started exactly at 2 PM on
the same day.
We met on the Banglore - Tumkur road at 5 past four and we both
reached our destination at exactly the same time.At what time did we
both arrive?
Solution:
There fore Total time = 2:00 PM + 3:55 PM + 1:55 PM = 7:50PM
THE TRAINS AND THE FALCON
Two trains start from two opposite directions towards each other.The
stations from which they start are 50 miles apart.Both the trains start
at the same time towards the other train. As soon as it reaches the
second one, it fies back to the first train and so on and so forth. It
continues to do so, flying bacwards and forwards from one train to
other until the trains meet.
Both the trains travel at a speed of 25 miles per hour,and the bird
flies at 100 miles per hour. How many miles will the falcon have flown
before the trains meet?
Solution:
The trains travel at 25 miles per hour.
Hence they will meet after travelling for one hour and the falcon also
must have been flyingfor one hour. Since it travels at 100 miles per
hour the bird must have flown 100 miles
VALUE OF 'S'
S434S0, what number must be substituted with to make it divisible by 36?
Solution:
To be divisible by 36, the number has to be divided by 4 and 9
To be divisible by 4 , the number 'S' must be an even number and to be
divisible by 9, the sum of all the digits of the number must be either
equal to 9 or a multiple of 9
i.e; S + 4 + 3 + 4 + S + 0 = 9n
The only digit that meets these two condition is 8

HEIGHT OF A ROOM
Given the floor area of a room as 24 feet by 48 feet,and the space
diagonal of the room as 56 feet,Can you find the height of the room?
Solution:
We know that,
Volume of a cube =l pow(2) + b pow(2) + h pow(2).
Here the values of l & b are given.
We also know that
(diagonal)pow(2) = (length)pow(2) + (breadth)pow(2).
=> (x)pow(2) = 24 pow(2) + 48 pow(2)
=> x = 24squareroot(5);
Therefore,volume= h pow(2) + x pow(2) =56 pow(2)
=> h=16
Therefore,height of the room=16 ft.
A QUESTION OF DISTANCE
It was a beautiful sunny morning. The air was fresh and a mild wind
was blowing against my wind screen I was driving from Banglore to
Brindavan Gardens. It took me 1 hour and 30 miutes to complete the
journey.
After lunch I returned to Banglore. I drove for 90 minutes.How do you
explain it?
Solution:

90 minutes = 1 hour 30 minutes.
Hence,the driving time there and back is absolutely the same
because 90 minutes and 1 hour and 30 minutes are one and the samething.

ARRANGE THE DIGITS:
Arrange the digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 in order from left to right and
use only + or _ signs so as to produce a result of 100?
Sol:
123-45-67+89
DIVISION OF 45:
Can you divide the number 45 into four parts such that when 2 is added
to the first part, 2 is subtracted from the second part, 2 is
multiplied by the third part, and the fourth part is divided by 2.All
the four results to be the same number.
Sol:
Let us take A,B,C,D are the four equal parts and their sum is
equal to 45.
A+B+C+D = 45
Given that,
A+2 = B-2 = C*2 = D/2 ----------------(1)
=>A = B-4 ; C = (B-2)/2 ; D = 2(B-2)
=>B-4 + [(B-2)/2] + 2(B-2) = 45
=>B=12
:. A=8 , C=5 , D=20
And condition (1) is satisfied.
i .e; 8+2 = 12-2 = 5*2 = 20/2
SPECIAL NUMBER:
What is the special about the number 1729?
Sol:
This is popularly known as Ramanujan's number. This is the known number
that is a sum of two cubes in two different ways.
i .e; (10*10*10) + (9*9*9) = 1729
( 12*12*12) + (1*1*1) = 1729
PRICE OF A BOTTLE:
A bottle and its cork together cost Rs 1.10, and the bottle costs Rs
1.00 more than its cork. What is the price of the bottle?
Sol:
Let us assume that,
B = Price of the bottle
C = Price of the cork
It is given that,
B + C = Rs 1.10 -------------------(1)
and B C C = Rs 1.00 -------------------(2)
From the equations (1) and (2) it is clear that
B = Rs 1.05
C = Rs 0.05
A QUESTION OF DISTANCE:
It was a beautiful sunny morning. The air was fresh and a mild wind was
blowing against my wind screen. I was driving from Banglore to
Brindavan Gardens. It took me one hour and 30 minutes to complete
the journey. After lunch I returned to banglore. I drove for 90
minutes. How do you explain it?
Sol:
90 minutes = 1 hour 30 minutes.
Hence, the driving time there and back is absolutely same because 90
minutes and 1 hour 30 minutes are one and the same.
FOR THE CHARITIES:
One day when I was walking on the road in New Delhi, a group of boys
approached me for donation for their poor boys' fund. I gave them a
Rupee more than half the money I had in my purse. I must have walked a
few more yards when a group of women approached me for donation, for an
orphanage. I gave them 2 Rupees more than half the money I had in my
purse. Then after a few yards I was approached by a religious group for
a donation to the temple they were building. I gave them 3 Rupees more
than half of what I had in my purse.
At last I returned to my hotel room, I found that I had only one Rupee
remaining in my purse.
How much money did I have in my purse when I started?
Sol:
Suppose that the money in his purse when he started = x
-------------------(1)
For poor boys fund he gave x/2 + 1 Rs/-
--------------------------------------(2)
i .e; 1 Rupee more than half the amount he had.
Now he left with [x - (x/2 + 1)] =(x-2)/2 Rs/-
For Orphanage he gave [(x/2 C 1)/2] +2 = (x+6)/4 Rs/-
----------------(3)
Now he left with [(x-2)/2] C [(x+6)/4] = (x-10)/4 Rs/-
For temple building he gave [(x-10)/4]/2 + 3 = (x+14)/8 Rs/-
---------(4)
Now he left with [(x-10)/4] C [(x+14)/8] = (x-34)/8 Rs/-
Finally he had 1 Rupee in his purse.
i .e; Actual amount C Expended amount = 1
:. from (1),(2),(3) and (4) we have
x-{ [ (x+2)/2 ] + [ (x+6)/4 ] + [ (x+14)/8 ] } = 1
=>x-34=8
=> x=42
:. The original amount in his purse at the beginning = Rs 42/-
A PAIR OF PALLINDROMES
Multiply 21978 by 4.Comment about the result?
Solution:
21978*4=87912.
If we clearly observe the two numbers 21978 and 87912, the resultant
number ie; 87912 is the reverse number of the number 219780.
There fore these two numbers are a pair of paindromes.
A COMPUTING PROBLEM
Compute: [5-2/(4-5)]pow(2).
Solution:
[5-2/(4-5)]pow(2)
=[5-2/(-1)]pow(2)
=[5+2]pow(2)=49.

CONTINUE THE SERIES
1,3,6,10.Name the next three numbers in the series.
Solution:
The series is +2,+3,+4,-----------------
There fore next three numbers are:
10+5,10+5+6,10+5+6+7 = 15,21,28.
NAME FIVE TERMS OF ANOTHER SERIES
These are the numbers that are the first five terms of a series that
add upto 150.Can you name five terms of another series without
fractons that add upto 153?
[ex: 10,20,30,40,50. sum=150.]
Solution:
Each term in this series is a factorial, in other words,the product of
a the numbers from 1 to that particular term considered.
The first five terms of the series are,there fore 1,2,6,24,120.
Their sum is 153 and are factorials of 1,2,3,4,5 respectively.
FIND OUT THE TIME
What does 1408 hours mean?
Solution:
1408 hours is actually 8 minutes past 2 PM.
This is the system of twenty-four-hour cock.Writing the hours
and minutes this way is a sensible means of avoiding confusion between
AM and PM.
FIND OUT TTHE PATTERN
What do you think the pattern is?
6,24,60,120,210,336,CCCCCC
Solution:
The series is 1.2.3, 2.3.4, 3.4.5, 4.5.6, 5.6.7, 6.7.8,----------
The next numbers would be 7.8.9, 8.9.10,-------
(or) 504, 720,-----------------------
THE TRAIN AND THE CYCLIST

A railway track runs parallel to a road until a bend brings the road to
a level crossing. A cyclist rides along to work along the road every
day at a constant speed of 12 miles per hour.
He normally meets a train that travels in the same direction at the
crossing
One day he was late by 25 minutes and met the train 6 miles ahead of
the level crossing. Can you figure out the speed of the train?
Solution:

Suppose that the train and the cyclist meet everyday at the
crossing at 8:00A.M. i. e; starts at 7:00A.M
Since the cyclist is late by 25 minutes, he starts at 7:25A.M
As his speed is 12 miles per hour, he reaches the crossing at
7:25A.M + 1 Hour = 8:25A.M
By 8:30A.M the train is 6 miles ahead of the cyclist
The difference between their timings = 8:30A.M C 8:25A.M = 5
Minutes
The difference between their distances = 6 Miles
Therefore,the train travels 6 miles in 5 minutes
In 1 minute it travels ---------------------?
= [(1 * 6) /5] * 60
= 72 Miles/hour
HEIGHT OF THE PALM TREE
A palm tree was 90 cm high, when it was planted. It grows by an equal
number of cm each year, and at the end of the seventh year it was one
ninth taller than at the end of the sixth year. Can you tell how tall
was the tree at the end of the twelfth year?
Solution:
Suppose that the tree grows x cm each year
Height of the tree at the end of the sixth year = (90 + 6x) cm
Growth in seventh year is,
X = 1/9(90 + 6x) cm
x = 10 + 2x/3
x = 30
Therefore the height of the tree at the end of the twelfth
year=(90+12*30)=450cm
PROBLEM OF AGE
Recently I attended a cocktail party. There was a beautiful young lady,
who seemed very vitty and intelligent. She was posed a question, C
how old are you? C.
She answered , C my age 3 years hence munltiply by 3 and from that
subtracted
3 times my age 3 years ago will give you my exact age? How od is the
lady?
Solution:
Let the age be x
Age after 3 years wi be (x + 3)
Age before 3 years = (x C 3)
Hence 3(x + 3) C 3(x C 3) = x
x = 3x + 9 C 3x + 9
x = 18
Therefore the age of the lady = 18 years
CONSECUTIVE NATURASL NUMBERS
There are two consecutive natural numbers whose product is equal to the
product of three consecutive natural numbers,for example x(x+1) =
y(y+1)(y+2).What are the two numbers?
Solution:
14 * 15 = 5 * 6 * 7
SOME GLUTTON
A man sitting beside me at a hotel ate idlis one after the other by
ordering plate by plate. He said to me after drinking some water the
last one I ate was my hundredth idli in last five days. Each day I ate
6 more than the previous day. Can you tell me how many he ate
yesterday?
Soluton:
First day the number of idlis he ate be x
Second day the count is (x+6)
Third day ------------------------- (x+12)
Fourth day ------------------------(x+18)
Fifth day ---------------------------(x+24)
Total is 5x + 6(1+2+3+4) =100
5x + 60 =100
x = 8
Day Idlis
1 8
2 14
3 20
4 26
5 32
So, on fourth day the number of idlis the man ate were 26.
Reasoning
Reasoning

CLASSIFICATION TYPE
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions
that follow:
1)
There are six cities A,B,C,D,E and F
A is not a hill station.
B and E are not historical places.
D is not an industrial city.
A and D are not historical craj_konkepudiities.
A and B are not alike.
1.Which two cities are industrial centres?
a)A,B b)E,F* c)C,D d)B,F e)A,D
2.Which two cities are historical places?
a)A,C b)B,F c)C,F* d)B,E e)A,D
3.Which two cities are hill stations?
a)A,B b)C,A c)B,D* d)A,F e)none
4.Which city is a hill station and an industrial centre but not
ahistorical place?
a)E* b)F c)A d)B e)C
5.Which two cities are neither historical places nor industrial
centres?
a)A,B b)D,E c)F,C d)B,D* e)none
Solution:
A B C D E F
Historical x x y x x y
Industrial y x y x y y
Hillstation x y y y y y
2)
Five friends Indu,Pinki,Sai,Srujan,Pavan travelled to five different
cities of Chennai,Calcutta,Delhi,Bangalore and Hyderabad by five
differnet modes of transport of Bus,Train,Aeroplane,Car and Boat from
Mumbai. The person who travelled to Delhi did not travel by Boat.
Sai went to Banalore by Car and Pinki went to Calcutta by Aeroplane.
Srujan travelled by Boat whereas Pavan travelled by Train.
Mumbai is not connected by bBus to Delhi and Chennai.
1.Which of the following combinations of person and mode is not correct?
a)Indu-Bus b)Pinki-Aeroplane c)Sai-Car d)Srujan-Boat e)Pavan-
Aeroplane*
2.Which of the following combinations is true for Srujan?
a)Delhi-Bus b)Chennai-Bus c)Chennai-Boat*d)Data inadequate
3.Which of the following combinations of place and mode is not correct?
a)Delhi-Bus* b)Calcutta-Aeroplane c)Bangalore-Car d)Chennai-Boat
4.Person travelling to Delhi went by which of the following modes?
a)Bus b)Train* c)Aeroplane d)Car e)Boat
5.Who among the following traj_konkepudiravelled to Delhi?
a)Sai b)Srujan c)Pavan* d)Data inadequate e)none
Solution:
Sai travels by Car.
Pinki travels by Aeropraj_konkepudilane.
Srujan travels by Boat.
Pavan travels by Train.
Indu travels by Bus.
Sai goes to Bangalore.
Pinki goes to Calcutta.
Bus facility is not there for Delhi or Chennai.
Indu goes to Hyderabad by Bus.
From given information it is clear that Srujan goes by Boat but not
to Delhi.
Hence Srujan goes to Chennai.
Pavan goes to Delhi.
PLACE MODE
Indu Hyderabad Bus
Pinki Calcutta Aeroplane
Sai Bangalore Car
Srujan Chennai Boat
Pavan Delhi Train
3)
Four youngmen Thirbhuvan,Thrishanth,trinath,Trived are friendly
with four girls Indira,Madhuri,Swetha and Dimple.Indira and Swetha
are friends.Trinath's girlfriend does not like Indira and Swetha.
Madhuri does not care for Trinath.Trishanth's girlfriend is
friendly with Indira.Indira does not like Thribhu.
1.Who is Thribhu's girlfriend?
a)Indira b)Madhuri* c)Swetha d)Dimple
2.With whom is Indira friendly?
a)Thribhuvan b)Thrishanth c)Trinath d)Trived*
3.who is Dimple's boyfriend?
a)Trived b)Trinath* c)Thrishanth d)Thribhuvan
4.Who does not like Indira and Swetha?
a)Dimple* b)Thribhuvan c)Trived d)Trinath
Solution:
Given Indira and Swetha are friends.
Thrishanth's girlfriend is friendly with Indira.
Hence,Thrishanth's girlfriend is Swetha.
Given,Trinath's girlfriend does not like Indira and Swetha.
=>She might be Madhuri or Dimple.
But Madhuri does not care for Trinath.
=>Trinath's girlfriend is Dimple.
Given,Indira does not like Thrinbhuvan.
=>Thribhuvan's girlfriend is Madhuri.
Clearly,Trived's girlfriend is Indira.
BOY GIRL
Thribhuvan Madhuri
Thrishanth Swetha
Trinath Dimple
Trived Indira

COMPARISION TYPE QUESTIONS
1)
Clues will be given regarding comparisions among a ssset of persons
or things with respest to one or more qualities.After analysing a
proper ascending ,descending sequence is formed and then are
supposed to answer.
There are five friends-Sachin,Sourav,Rahul,Zaheer and Yuvi.Sachin
is shorter than Sourav but taller than Yuvi.Rahul is the tallest.
Zaheer is little shorter than Sourav and little taller than Sachin.
1.Who is the shortest?
a)Yuvi* b)Sachin c)Zaheer d)Sourav e)none
2.If they stand inorder of their heights,who will be in the middle?
a)Sourav b)Yuvi c)Sachin d)Zaheer* e)none
3.If they stand inorder of their increasing heights,who will be the
second?
a)Zaheer b)Sachin* c)Yuvi d)Sourav e)none
4.Who is the second tallest?
a)Sachin b)Sourav* c)Zaheer d)Yuvi e)none
5.Who is taller than Zaheer but shorter than Rahul?
a)Sourav* b)Yuvi c)Sachin d)datainadequate e)none
Solution:
Sachin < Sourav Sourav > Yuvi
Rahul is tallest
Zaheer < Sourav Zaheer > Sachin
Yuvi < Sachin < Sourav < Rahul and Sachin < Zaheer < Sourav
Yuvi < Sachin < Zaheer < Sourav < Rahul
2)
Among five boys Vineeth is taller than Manick,but not as tall as
Ravi,Jacob is taller than Dilip but shorter than Manick.Who is the
tallest in their group?
a)Ravi* b)Manick c)Vineeth d)can't say e)none
Solution:
Manick < Vineeth ; Vineeth < Ravi ; Dilip < Jacob ; Jacob < Mainck
=>Dilip < Jacob < Manick < Vineeth < Ravi
3)
Sudhanshu is as much older than Kokila as he is younger than Praveen.
Nitin is as old as Kokila.Which of the following is wrong?
a)Kokila is younger than Praveen.
b)Nitin is younger than Praveen.
c)Sudhanshu is older than Nitin.
d)Praveen is not the oldest.*
e)Kokila is younger than Sudhanshu.
Solution:
=>Kokila < Sudhanshu; Praveen > Sudhanshu; Nitin = Kokila
=>Nitin = Kokila < Sudhanshu < Praveen
=>Praveen is the oldest.

SELECTION BASED ON GIVEN CONDITIONS
1)
A few essential criteria for selection of group of items are given:
From amongst five doctors A,B,C,D and E;four engineers G,H,K and L;
six teachers M,N,O,P,Q and R some teams are to be selected.A,B,G,H,O,P
and Q are females and the rest are males.
Where ever there is a male doctor ,no female teacher.
Where ever there is a male engineer, no female doctor.
There shall not be more than two male teachers in any team.
1.If the team consists of 2 doctors,3 female teachers and 2 engineers,
the members of the team are:
a)A B O P Q G H* b)C D O P Q G H c)C D K L O P Q
d)D E G H O P Q
2.If the team consists of 2 doctors,1 engineer and 4 teachers all the
following are possible except
a)A B G M N O P b)A B H M O P Q c)A B H M R P Q
d)A B K N R P Q*
3.If the team consists of2 doctors,2 female teachers and two engineers
all the following teams are possible except:
a)A B G H O Q b)A B G H P Q c)A B K L P Q d)O P G H A B
4.If the team consists of 3 doctors,2 male engineers and 2 teachers,
the members of the team could be:
a)A B C K L M Rb)B C D K L N Rc)C D E K L M Nd)C D E K L P R
5.if the team consists of two doctors,two engineers and two teachers,
all the following teams are possible except:
a)A B G H O P b)A B G H M N c)C E K L N R
d)C D K L O P
Explanation:Doctors A B C D E
Engineers G H K L
Teachers M N O P Q R
Given
Females A B G H O P Q
Males C D E K L M N R
Male doctor and female teacher
male engineer and female doctor
More than two teachers/team combination are not allowed.
1Q) Explanation:
Doctors are A B C D E
Female teachers are O P Q
Engineers are G H K L
Male doctor and no female teacher => A,B are Doctors.
So the Team consists of A B O P Q G H.
2Q) Explanation:
Teachers are M N O P Q R
Four are needed
Three are male teachers.
Female teachers are also to be selected.Hence no male doctors C D E
are selected.
So Doctors => A B
Both doctors are Females =>no male Engineer to be selected.
Ans:Team =>A B K N R P Q.
3Q) Explanation:
The doctors are A B C D E,
Female Teachers are O P Q,
Engineers are G H K L,
Since 2 Female Teachers are to be selected.So male doctors i.e;C D E
cannot be selected.
So, 2 Doctors selected will be A,B.
Both Doctors are Females.
So, male Engineer K L cannot be selected.
G H are chosen.
=>A B K L P Q are selected.
4Q)Explanation:
Doctors A,B,C,D,E
Male Engineers K,L
Teachers M,N,O,P,Q,R
Male Engineers =>no female Doctors=>no A,B
3 Doctors to be selected are C,D,E who are all males.

FAMILY BASED PROBLEMS
1)
There is a group of six persons A,B,C,D,E and F from a family.
They are psychologist,manager,lawyer,jeweler,doctor and engineer.
The doctor is the grandfather of F who is a psychologist.
The manager D is married to A.
C,the jeweler is married to the lawyer.
B is the mother of F and E.
There are two married couples in the family.
1.What is the profession of E?
a)Doctor b)Jeweler c)Manager d)Psychologist e)None*
2.How is A related to E?
a)Brother b)Uncle c)Father d)Grandfather*
3.How many male members are there in the family?
a)One b)Three c)Four d)Data insufficient*
4.What is the profession of A?
a)Doctor* b)Lawyer c)Jeweler d)Manager
5.Which of the following is one of the pairs of couples in the family?
a)AB b)AC c)AD* d)canCt say
Solution:
F is a Psychologist.
B is the mother of F and E.
=>E is brother or sister of F.
There are two married couples in the family.
Since D is married to A,C the jeweler is married to lawyer B.
Manager D is married to A means A is doctor,grandfather of E and F.
So no one else is engineer till this point.=>E is engineer.
AD--->CB------>EF
2)
Prashanth Arora has three children-Sangeeta,Vimal and Ashish.Ashish
married Monika,the eldest daughter of Mr.andMrs.Roy.The Roys married
their youngest daughter to the eldest son of Mr.and Mrs.Sharma,and they
had two children named Amit and Shashi.The Roys have two more children,
Roshan and Vandana,both elder to Veena.Sameer and Ajay are sons of
Ashish and Monika.Rashmi is the daughter of Amit.
Prashanth Arora-------> 1.Sangeeta
2.Vimal
3.Ashish(Monika)--------------------> 1.Sameer
2.Ajay
Mr & Mrs.Sharma----------------> 1.Amit(Veena)---------------->1.Rashmi
2.Shashi
Mr & Mrs.Roy---------------------> 1.Monika
2.Roshan
3.Vandana
4.Veena


1.What is the surname of Rashmi?
a)Sharma* b)Roy c)Arora d)canCt say e)none
2.How is Sameer related to father of Monika?
a)Grandson* b)Son c)Cousin d)Son-in-law e)none
3.What is the surname of Sameer?
a)Roy b)Sharma c)Arora* d)canCt say e)none
4.How is Mrs.Roy related to Ashish?
a)aunt b)Mother-in-law* c)mother d)sister-in-law
3)
In a family of six persons,there are three generations.Each person has
seperate profession and also they like different colours.There are two
couples in the family.Rohan is a CA and his wife neither is a doctor
nor likes green colour. Engineer likes red colour and his wife is a
teacher.Mohini is mother-in-law of Sunita and she likes orange colour.
Vinod is grandfather of Tanmay,Tanmay is principal likes black colour.
Nanu is granddaughter of Mohini and she likes blue colour.NanuCs
mother likes white colour.
1.Who is an Engineer?
a)Nanu b)Mohini c)Sunita d)canCt say e)none*
2.What is the profession of Sunita?
a)engineer b)doctor c)teacher* d)canCt say e)none
3.Which of the following is the correct pair?
a)Mohini-Vinod and Rohan-Sunita*
b)Vinod-Mohini and Rohan-Nanu
c)Rohan-Sunita and Tanmay-Nanu
d)canCt say e)none
4.How many ladies are there in the family?
a)2 b)3* c)4 d)canCt say e)none
5.Which colour is liked by CA?
a)green* b)white c)white/green d)canCt say e)none
Solution:
(Engineer) Vinod- Mohini(Teacher)------------->(CA)Rohan-Sunita-----
----->Nanu&Tanmay(principal)
Vinod------------Red
Mohini-----------Orange
Rohan-------------Green
Sunita--------------White
Nanu---------------Black
Tanmay-----------Black
Mohini is mother-in-law of Sunita and grandmother of Nanu.
Vinod is grandfather of Tanmay.
So,Nanu and Tanmay represent third generation.
Mohini and vinod form a couple and represent first generation.
Rohan and Sunita form the other couple and represdent second generation.
Rohan is a CA.
Since,engineer is married,Vinod is engineer.
Given Vinod loves red colour.
Mohini is ateacher and likes Orange colour.
Nanu likes blue colour.
Tanmay is principal and likes black colour.
Sunita NanuCs mother likes white colour.=>Rohan likes green colour.
54). A soldiar looses his way in a thick jungle at random walks
from his camp but mathematically in an interestingg fashion.
First he walks one mile east then half mile to north. Then 1/4
mile to west, then 1/8 mile to south and so on making a loop.
Finally hoe far he is from his camp and in which direction.
ans: in north and south directions
1/2 - 1/8 + 1/32 - 1/128 + 1/512 - and so on
= 1/2/((1-(-1/4))
similarly in east and west directions
1- 1/4 + 1/16 - 1/64 + 1/256 - and so on
= 1/(( 1- ( - 1/4))
add both the answers
55). there are six boxes containing 5 , 7 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 29
balls of either red or blue in colour. Some boxes contain only
red balls and others contain only blue . One sales man sold one
box out of them and then he says " I have the same number of red
balls left out as that of blue ". Which box is the one he solds
out ?
Ans : total no of balls = 89 and (89-29 /2 = 60/2 = 30
and also 14 + 16 = 5 + 7 + 18 = 30
;72
<rass in lawn !rows e&uall' thic: and in a unifor rate. It ta:es %3 da's for G4 cows and
74 for (4 cows .
8ow an' cows can eat awa' the sae in D7 da's.9
Ans : %4
! B !rass at the be!innin!
r B rate at which !rass !rows6 #er da'
' B rate at which cow eats !rass6 #er da'
n B no of cows6 to be found
! F %3?r , G4 ? %3 ? '
! F 74?r , (4 ? 74 ? '
! F D7?r , n ? D7 ? '
Sol"in
;G2Three friends di"ided soe bullets e&uall'. After all of the shot 3 bullets the total
no.of reainin! bullets is e&ual to that of
one has after di"ision. =ind the ori!inal nuber di"ided.
Ans. $ $ $
$B3 $B3 $B3
($B1% , $
$, 7
ans is 1> % ar:s
!6 n , %4.
;>2A shi# went on a "o'a!e after 1>4 iles a #lane statrted with 14 ties s#eed that of
the shi#. =ind the distance when the' eet fro startin! #oint.
Ans. 1>4 F -$+142 , $
$ , %4
ans is 1>4F%4,%44iles. % ar:s
;D2
There N stations on a railroad. After addin! $ stations 37 additional tic:ets ha"e to be
#rinted. =ind N and H.
Ans. let N-NB12 , tI
-NF$2-NF$B12 , tF37I
trail and error ethod $,% and N,11 3 ar:s
(60). A + B + C +D = D + E + F + G = G + H + I =17.
IF A = 4 WHAT ARE THE VALUES OF D AND G. EACH
LETTER TAKEN ONLY ONE OF THE DIGIT FRO 1 TO !.
"ARKS
ANS # A = 4 $B = %$ C =6$ D = &$ E = '$ F = "$
G = 1$ H = 7$ I = !.
61)Brain Teaser No : 00338
Insert atheatical functions to con"ert the ( nubers on the left side of the e&uation to
e&ual 7. I filled in the %Js -usin! the addition function twice2 for 'ou to !et 'ou started.
1 1 1 = 6
2 + 2 + 2 = 6
3 3 3 = 6
4 4 4 = 6
5 5 5 = 6
6 6 6 = 6
7 7 7 = 6
8 8 8 = 6
9 9 9 = 6
Answer
(1 + 1 + 1)! = 6
2 + 2 + 2 = 6
(3 * 3) - 3 = 6
sqrt(4) + sqrt(4) + sqrt(4) = 6
5 + (5 / 5) = 6
6 + 6 - 6 = 6
7 - (7 / 7) = 6
8 - sqrt(sqrt(8+8)) = 6
(sqrt(9) * sqrt(9)) - sqrt(9) = 6
62)Brain Teaser No : 00186
;44 en are arran!ed in an arra' of 14 rows and ;4 coluns accordin! to their
hei!hts.
Tallest aon! each row of all are as:ed to coe out. And the shortest aon! the is
A.
Siilarl' after resuin! the to their ori!inal #ositions6 the shortest aon! each
colun are as:ed to coe out. And the tallest aon! the is B.
Now who is taller A or B 9
Answer
No one is taller, both are same as A and B are the same person.
As it is mentioned that 500 men are arranged in an array of 10 rows and 50 columns
according to their heights. Let's assume that position numbers represent their
heights. Hence, the shortest among the 50, 100, 150, ... 450, 500 is person with height
50 i.e. A. imilarly the tallest among 1, !, ", 4, 5, ..... 4#, 4#, 50 is person with height
50 i.e. $
%ow, both A and $ are the person with height 50. Hence both are same.
63)Brain Teaser No : 00374
A6 B6 * and D are related to each other.
&ne of the four is the opposite se' from each of the other three.
( is A's brother or only daughter.
A or $ is )'s only son.
$ or ) is ('s sister.
How are they related to each other*
Answer
A, B & D are males ! is "emale. B is !#s onl$ son. A & D are !#s brothers.
A(male) --- C(female) --- D(male)
|
|
B(male)
+or, out which relation can hold and discard the contradictory options.
-rom .!/ and .4/, ( can not be a only daughter and ha0e a sister .$ or )/. Hence, ( is A's
brother i.e. ( is a 1ale.
-rom .4/, let's say that $ is ('s sister i.e. $ is -emale.
-rom ."/, A is )'s only son i.e. A is 1ale.
$ut ( is A's brother which means that A is not )'s only son. Hence, our assumption was
wrong.
2hus, ) is ('s sister i.e. ) is -emale. And $ must be )'s only son.
%ow it is clear that ( 3 $ are 1ales and ) is -emale. A must be a 1ale as only one of them is
of opposite se' from each of the other three. And he is ) 3 ('s brother.
64)Brain Teaser No : 00210
There are 14 cu#s #laced on a table such that ( are face u# and G are botto u#. A o"e
is defined as in"ertin! a #air -co#ulsoril'2 of cu#s.
Khat is the iniu nuber of o"es re&uired to a:e all the cu#s face the sae wa'9
Answer
4t is not at all possible. 2here is no way that one can do that with gi0en 1o0e.
A mo0e is defined as in0erting a pair of cups, compulsorily. Also, there are odd number of cups
face up ."/and odd number of cups bottom up .5/. %ow whene0er you ma,e a mo0e you ha0e to
in0ert ! cups compulsorily. Hence, always odd number of cups will be face up and bottom up,
whate0er mo0e you ma,e.
65)Brain Teaser No : 00504
There is a Tibetan onaster' filled with a nuber of on:s. The nuber of on:s is
ore than one6 and not unreasonabl' lar!e.
<od "isits the on:s one ni!ht and tells the that he is #lannin! on destro'in! the world
unless the' can sol"e a #uLLle. 8e #uts a red dot on the foreheads of a certain nuber of
on:s6 H. H is !reater than Lero.
Then he ta:es awa' all eans of counication between the on:s6 and all eans b'
which the on:s can see thesel"es. No irrors6 no hand si!nals6 no nothin!. A sin!le
on: can see all the other on:s6 and see if another on: has a dot on his head or no6
but he cannot see hiself6 and he cannot counicate in an' wa' with an' other on:.
<od then sa's that all of the on:s with dots6 and onl' those on:s with dots6 ust
Eu# off of the cliff ne$t to the onaster' and sacrifice thesel"es to sa"e the world6 at
EHA*TAM the sae oent6 on EHA*TAM the sae da'.
The ne$t ornin!6 all of the on:s fro the onaster' wal: out to the ed!e of the cliff.
The' #ause and loo: around6 and then wal: &uic:l' bac: to the onaster'.
The second ornin!6 all of the on:s fro the onaster' wal: to the ed!e of the cliff.
The' #ause6 loo:6 and wal: bac: to the onaster'.
The third ornin!6 all of the on:s wal: to the ed!e of the cliff. And then all of the
on:s with dots6 and onl' those on:s with dots wal: to the cliff ed!e and Eu# off at
the e$act sae oent.
The &uestion: how an' on:s Eu#ed6 and how did the' or!aniLe the Eu#9
Answer
Total % mon&s 'umped in, on the third da$.
2here are two important points. &ne is that there is atleast one mon, with red dot. And the
second is that all the mon,s are intelligent 67/
(n the da$ )
4f there is only one mon, with red dot, he would see all mon,s without the red dot. o he would
,now that he is the one and 8ump in. $ut no one 8umped.
(n the da$ *
%ow, all the mon,s ,now that there are atleast ! mon,s with the red dots. 4f there are e'actly two
mon,s with the red dot, they would see only one mon, with the red dot. o they would ,now that
they ha0e to 8ump in. $ut no one 8umped.
(n the da$ %
%ow, all the mon,s ,now that there are atleast " mon,s with the red dots. 4f there are e'actly
three mon,s with the red dot, they would see only two mon,s with the red dot. o they would
,now that they ha0e to 8ump in.
2hus total " mon,s 8umped in on the third day.
9.. 4f mon,s 8umped in on %th days, then there are total % mon,s with the red dots.
66)Brain Teaser No : 00637
There is a cu# with water and ice in it.
Kill the water le"el chan!e if the ice elts9
Answer
The water le+el will not change.
2he ice displaces water e:ual to its mass and when ice melts, its mass remains the same.
Howe0er, if the ice is not floating in the water 7 either supercooled or not being allowed to float by
pressure or not enough water to float 7 the le0el may change.
67)Brain Teaser No : 00566
8ere is the fail' tree of Mr. RA8NA
RAHUL
|
---------------------------------------------
| | | |
RATISH YASH OM TRILOK
| | ?
-------- ------------------
| | | | |
AMAR AMIT RAM HARSH ASHOK
| |
----- -------
| | | | |
How many children does 1r. 2;4L&< ha0e*
Answer
T,I-(. ha+e / children.
%ame of the person and number of his children are related by some pattern.
Assign each 0owel following 0alues.
A=0 >=1 4=! &=" ?=4
2he number of children to any person is the sum of the 0alues represented by 0owels in his
name.
;A24H = 0.A/ @ !.4/ = !
&1 = ".&/ = "
A142 = 0.A/ @ !.4/ = !
AH&< = 0.A/ @ ".&/ = "
2;4L&< = !.4/ @ ".&/ = 5
Hence, 2;4L&< ha0e 5 children.
68)Brain Teaser No : 00689
Khich anial is ne$t in this se&uence:
<orilla6 8ed!eho!6 *ael6 Mouse6 =o$6 Bear6 Mole6 9
*hoose fro:
.orcu#ine6 Bad!er6 *ow6 <iraffe6 S&uirrel6 Rhinoceros
Do e$#lain 'our answer.
Answer
The ne0t animal in the series is Badger.
2he pattern is 7 number of characters in the animal name is e:ual to number of characters in
the ordinally respecti0e calendar month name, starting with Aanuary.
-irst animal .Aanuary75/ B Corilla
econd animal .-ebruary7#/ B Hedgehog
2hird animal .1arch75/ B )amel
-ourth animal .April75/ B 1ouse
-ifth animal .1ay7"/ B -o'
i'th animal .Aune74/ B $ear
e0enth animal .Auly74/ B 1ole
%ow, the ne't animal must be D characters long .for August/. 2hus, the ne't animal in the
series is $adger.
4f you follow the pattern, then the ne't possible animals .from the gi0en list/ will be 9orcupine,
Ciraffe, :uirrel, etc.
69)Brain Teaser No : 00506
Khat is the last di!it of G
37
9 In other words6 what will the reainder be6 if G
37
is di"ided b'
149
DonJt tr' to sol"e this on calculator6 'ou a' !et the wron! answer. Also6 do e$#lain 'our
answer.
Answer
The last digit o" 1
23
is 4.
2he powers of any number ha0e a repeating pattern for the last digit. 4t can be found easily
without performing the entire multiplication of each power.
Let's consider the powers of 5.
1
N
5alue -ast Digit
5
0
1 1
5
1
5 5
5
!
4E E
5
"
"4" "
5
4
!401 1
5
5
1D#05 1
5
D
115D4E 1
%ote that there is a repeating pattern of four numbers .1, 5, E, "/ for the powers of 5. Hence,
the last digit of 5
44
will be 1, of 5
45
will be 5 and of 5
4D
will be E.
Also, there is no need to actually perform the entire multiplication. tart with 1, multiply it by 5,
discard all digits e'cept units and multiply again by 5 and so on.
70)Brain Teaser No : 00066
Soeone at a #art' introduces 'ou to 'our otherJs onl' sisterJs husbandJs onl' sisterBinB
law. She has no brothers.
Khat do 'ou call this lad'9
Answer
1other or 1om
71)Brain Teaser No : 00138
There is a an who is loo:in! at a #icture. 8e is the onl' son in the fail' and his dad has
no siblin!s.
8e sa's6 OThis #ersonJs father is ' fatherJs sonO.
Kho is this #erson in the #icture9
Answer
2he person in the picture is his )H4L(.
He is saying that Fthis person's father, is my father's son.F %ow, my father's son is himself as
he is the only son in the family. And he is the father of the person in picture. Hence the person
in picture is his son or daughter.
72)Brain Teaser No : 00277
In AalooJs fail'6 each son has the sae nuber of sisters and brothers. Also6 each dau!hter
has twice the nuber of brothers than sisters.
8ow an' sons and dau!hters does Aaloo ha"e9
Answer
2 sons and % daughters
Laloo must be ha0ing one more son then daughter, as each son has same number of sisters
and brothers. ?sing this and little trial7and7error, we can get the result i.e. 4 sons and "
daughters.
>ach brother has " sisters and " brothers.
>ach sister has ! sisters and 4 brothers.
73)Brain Teaser No : 00124
8ow can 1644464446444 be written as a #roduct of two factors neither of the containin!
Leros9
Answer
!
E
G 5
E
or
.! G 5/
E

olution submitted by )raig B
51! G 1,E5",1!5 = 1,000,000,000
74)Brain Teaser No : 00181
8ow do 'ou cut a s&uare ca:e into > e&ual #iece onl' usin! ( strai!ht cuts9
Note that 'ou can not o"e the #ieces as 'ou cut the ca:e.
Answer
)ut ca,e into 4 :uarters by ! 0ertical cuts which are perpendicular to each other. %ow slice the
ca,e horiHontially which ma,es total # pieces.
75)Brain Teaser No : 00286
There are 3 ar' en. The' ha"e been ca#tured b' a rebel
!rou# and ha"e been held at ranso. An ar' intelli!ent officer orders the to be burried
dee# in dirt u# to their nec:s. The forat of their burrial are as shown in the fi!ure.
*onditions
2hey each ha0e hats on their heads. either blac,.b/ or white .w/ loo, at diagram abo0e.
2here are total ! white hats and ! blac, hats.
2hey only loo, in front of them not behind. 2hey are not allowed to communicate by tal,ing.
$etween army man 1 and !, there is a wall.
)apti0e man 4 can see the colour of hats on ! and "
" can only see !'s hat
! can only see a wall and 1 can see a wall too, but is on the other side
2he officer spea,s up, F4f one of you can correctly tell me the colour of your hat, you will all go scott
free bac, to your contries. 4f you are wrong, you will all be ,illed.
How can one of them be certain about the hat they are wearing and not ris, the li0es of their fellow
souldiers by ta,ing a 50I50 guessJ
Answer
>ither soldier " or soldier 4 can sa0e the life as soldier 1 and soldier ! can not see colour of
any hat, e0en not their own.. 4n our case soldier " will tell the colour of his hat.
oldier 4 can see the hat on soldier ! and soldier ". 4f both are white, then he can be sure
about colour of his hat which will be blac, and 0ice70ersa. $ut if one of them is white and one
is blac,, then soldier 4 can not say anything as he can ha0e either of them. o he will ,eep
mum.
4f soldier 4 won't say anyhing for a while, then soldier " will ,now that soldier 4 is not in
position to tell the colour of hat on his hat. 4t means that colour of soldier "'s hat is opposite of
colour of soldier !'s hat. o soldier " can tell correctly the colour of hat on his head which is
$lac,.
Here, we are assuming that all the soldiers are intelligent enough. Also, this solution will wor,
for any combination of ! $lac, hats and ! +hite hats.
76)Brain Teaser No : 00599
<i"en a rectan!ular ca:e with a rectan!ular #iece reo"ed -an' SiLe or Orientation2.
8ow would 'ou cut the reainder of the ca:e into two e&ual hal"es with one strai!ht cut of
a :nife9
Answer
I" $ou cut a rectangular thing along the center 6hori7ontall$, +erticall$ or at an$ angle8,
$ou will get two hal+es.
-ind the centers of both 7 the original ca,e and the remo0ed piece. %ow, cut the reminder
along the line connecting these two centers.
2his is true because this line cut both 7 the original ca,e and the remo0ed piece 7 in half, thus
the remainder into two hal0es.
77)Brain Teaser No : 00216
Khen Socrates was i#risoned for bein! a disturbin! influence6 he was held in hi!h estee
b' his !uards. All four of the ho#ed that soethin! would occur that would facilitate his
esca#e. One e"enin!6 the !uard who was on dut' intentionall' left the cell door o#en so that
Socrates could lea"e for distant #arts.
Socrates did not atte#t to esca#e6 as it was his #hiloso#h' that if 'ou acce#t societ'Js rules6
'ou ust also acce#t itJs #unishents. 8owe"er6 the o#en door was considered b' the
authorities to be a serious atter. It was not clear which !uard was on that e"enin!. The four
!uards a:e the followin! stateents in their defense:
Aaron:
A2 I did not lea"e the door o#en.
B2 *leent was the one who did it.
Bob:
A2 I was not the one who was on dut' that e"enin!.
B2 Aaron was on dut'.
*leent:
A2 Bob was the one on dut' that e"enin!.
B2 I ho#ed Socrates would esca#e.
Da"id:
A2 I did not lea"e the door o#en.
B2 I was not sur#rised that Socrates did not atte#t to esca#e.
*onsiderin! that6 in total6 three stateents are true6 and fi"e stateents are false6 which
!uard is !uilt'9
Answer
Da+id is the guilt$.
%ote that FAll four of them hoped that something would occur that would facilitate his escapeF.
4t ma,es )lement's statement $ 2rue and (a0id's statement $ -alse.
%ow consider each of them as a guilty, one at a time.
Aaron Bob !lement Da+id
True
9tmts
A B A B A B A B
4f Aaron is guilty -alse -alse 2rue 2rue -alse 2rue 2rue -alse 4
4f $ob is guilty 2rue -alse -alse -alse 2rue 2rue 2rue -alse 4
4f )lement is guilty 2rue 2rue 2rue -alse -alse 2rue 2rue -alse 5
4f (a0id is guilty 2rue -alse 2rue -alse -alse 2rue -alse -alse %
ince in total, three statements are true and fi0e statements are false. 4t is clear from the
abo0e table that (a0id is the guity.
78)Brain Teaser No : 00076
A cube is ade of a white aterial6 but the e$terior is #ainted blac:.
If the cube is cut into 1%; saller cubes of e$actl' the sae siLe6 how an' of the cubes
will ha"e atleast % of their sides #ainted blac:9
Answer
22
"D of the cubes ha0e >KA)2LL ! of their sides painted blac,, but because a cube with " of its
sides painted blac, has ! of its sides painted blac,, you must also include the corner cubes.
2his was a tric, :uestion, but hopefully the title of the puHHle tipped you off to this.
79)Brain Teaser No : 00403
There are N secret a!ents each :now a different #iece of secret inforation. The' can
tele#hone each other and e$chan!e all the inforation the' :now. After the tele#hone call6
the' both :now an'thin! that either of the :new before the call.
Khat are the iniu nuber of tele#hone calls needed so that all of the the :now
e"er'thin!9
Answer
.!% 7 "/ telephone calls, for % = !,"
.!% 7 4/ telephone calls, for % M "
(i0ide the % secret agents into two groups. 4f % is odd, one group will contain one e'tra agent.
)onsider first groupB agent 1 will call up agent !, agent ! will call up agent " and so on.
imilarly in second group, agent 1 will call up agent !, agent ! will call up agent " and so on.
After .% 7 !/ calls, two agents in each the group will ,now anything that anyone ,new in his
group, say they are L1 3 L! from group 1 and N1 3 N! from group !.
%ow, L1 will call up N1 and L! will call up N!. Hence, in ne't two calls total of 4 agents will
,now e0erything.
%ow .% 7 4/ telephone calls are re:iured for remaining .% 7 4/ secret agents.
2otal telephone calls re:uire are
= .% 7 !/ @ ! @ .% 7 4/
= !% 7 4
LetO's ta,e an e'ample. ay there are 4 secret agents +, K, L 3 N. (i0ide them into two
groups of ! each i.e. .+, K/ and .L, N/. Here, 4 telephone calls are re:uired.
1. + will call up K.
!. L will call up N.
". +, who ,nows +K will call up L, who ,nows LN.
4. K, who ,nows +K will call up N, who ,nows LN.
2a,e an another e'ample. ay there are 5 secret agents A, <, L, 1 3 %. (i0ide them into two
groups i.e. .A, </ and .L, 1, %/. Here, D telephone calls are re:uired.
1. A will call up <.
!. L will call up 1.
". 1 will call up %. %ow 1 and % ,now L1%.
4. A, who ,nows A< will call up 1, who ,nows L1%.
5. <, who ,nows A< will call up %, who ,nows L1%.
D. L will call up to anyone of four.
80)Brain Teaser No : 00437
One side of the botto la'er of a trian!ular #'raid has 1% balls. 8ow an' are there in the
whole #'raid9
Note that the #'raid is e&uilateral and solid.
Answer
There are total %32 balls.
As there are 1! balls along one side, it means that there are 1! layers of balls. 2he top most
layer has 1 ball. 2he second layer has " .1@!/ balls. 2he third layer has D .1@!@"/ balls. 2he
fourth layer has 10 .1@!@"@4/ balls. 2he fifth layer has 15 .1@!@"@4@5/ balls. imilarly, there
are !1, !#, "D, 45, 55, DD and 5# balls in the remaining layers.
Hence, the total number of balls are
= 1 @ " @ D @ 10 @ 15 @ !1 @ !# @ "D @ 45 @ 55 @ DD @ 5#
= "D4 balls
81)Brain Teaser No : 00408
A woan too: a certain nuber of e!!s to the ar:et and sold soe of the.
The ne$t da'6 throu!h the industr' of her hens6 the nuber left o"er had been doubled6 and
she sold the sae nuber as the #re"ious da'.
On the third da' the new reainder was tri#led6 and she sold the sae nuber as before.
On the fourth da' the reainder was &uadru#led6 and her sales the sae as before.
On the fifth da' what had been left o"er were &uintu#led6 'et she sold e$actl' the sae as
on all the #re"ious occasions and so dis#osed of her entire stoc:.
Khat is the sallest nuber of e!!s she could ha"e ta:en to ar:et the first da'6 and how
an' did she sell dail'9 Note that the answer is not Lero.
Answer
9he too& ):% eggs to mar&et on the "irst da$ and sold 3: eggs e+er$da$.
Let's assume that she had % eggs on the first day and she sold K eggs e0eryday. 9utting
down the gi0en information in the table as follow.
Da$s Eggs at the start o" the da$ Eggs 9old Eggs ,emaining
(ay 1 % K %7K
(ay ! !%7!K K !%7"K
(ay " D%7EK K D%710K
(ay 4 !4%740K K !4%741K
(ay 5 1!0%7!05K K 1!0%7!0DK
4t is gi0en that she disposed of her entire stoc, on the fifth day. $ut from the table abo0e, the
number of eggs remaining are .1!0%7!0DK/. Hence,
1!0% 7 !0DK = 0
1!0% = !0DK
D0% = 10"K
2he smallest 0alue of % and K must be 10" and D0 respecti0ely. Hence, she too, 10" eggs to
mar,et on the first day and sold D0 eggs e0eryday.
82)Brain Teaser No : 00412
Mr. @heani ha"e a trian!ular6 Ro'al Blue colored dinin! table in his house. The three
sides of the table are 1(6 1G and 3( inches lon! res#ecti"el'. 8e wants to chan!e the color of
the table to Oli"e <reen. Accordin! to the #ainter6 ;4l of #aint #er s&uare inch of the table
is re&uired for that.
8ow uch #aint is re&uired to chan!e the color of the table to Oli"e <reen9
Answer
A tric, :uestion.
A triangular table with sides 1", 15 and 4" inches does not e'ist. 4t is impossible to ha0e such
a triangle.
9ummation o" an$ two sides o" the triangle should be greater than the third side. 4t is
true for any type of triangle. 2he dimension of the table is 1", 15 and 4", where 1" @ 15 P 4".
Hence such table does not e'ist and no need to paint it.
83)Brain Teaser No : 00544
If Sean is AouisJ brother6
If Marie is BrunoJs sister6
And if .aul is *hristo#herJs brother6
Then who is 8ailtonJs sister B Mona6 Sue or Ainda9 And Kh' so9
Answer
9ue is ;amilton#s sister.
>ach pair of names contains all the fi0e 0owels .a, e, i, o, u/ once.
1. ean, Louis
!. 1arie, $runo
". 9aul, )hristopher
%ow Hamilton has " 0owels 7 a, i and o. Hence, his sister's name should ha0e remaining !
0owels i.e. e and u. 2hus ue is his sister.
84)Brain Teaser No : 00214
*an 'ou decode the followin! *r'#to!ra9
R K A P B R G S G X R R K G J N X
R K G X G X R K A Z A X R P T
U I I Y P F I E X. R K A B A X X G S G X R
T A U F X R K G X G X R F D A.
Answer
2here are two statements in the gi0en cryptogram, both are starting with ;<A. 4t must be
F2H>F. Also, there are words li,e ;<CK and CK, which must be F2H4F and F4F respecti0ely.
2he rest is simple substitution and application of language7,nowledge to form the possible
words.
R K A P B R G S G X R R K G J N X
T H E O P T I M I S T T H I N K S
R K G X G X R K A Z A X R P T
T H I S I S T H E B E S T O F
U I I Y P F I E X. R K A B A X X G S G X R
A L L W O R L D S. T H E P E S S I M I S T
T A U F X R K G X G X R F D A.
F E A R S T H I S I S T R U E.
85)Brain Teaser No : 00754
Mar: ate half of a #iLLa on Monda'. 8e ate half of what was left on Tuesda' and so on. 8e
followed this #attern for one wee:.
8ow uch of the #iLLa would he ha"e eaten durin! the wee:9
Answer
<ar& would ha+e ate )*1=)*> 644.**?8 o" the pi77a during the wee&.
1ar, ate half the piHHa on 1onday. &n 2uesday, he would ha0e ate half of the remaining
piHHa i.e. 1I4 of the original piHHa. imilarly, he would ha0e ate 1I# of the original piHHa on
+ednesday and so on for the se0en days.
2otal piHHa 1ar, ate during the wee, is
= 1I! @ 1I4 @ 1I# @ 1I1D @ 1I"! @ 1ID4 @ 1I1!#
= 1!5I1!#
= EE.!!Q of the original piHHa
86)Brain Teaser No : 00279
To o"e a Safe6 two c'lindrical steel bars G inches in diaeter are used as rollers.
8ow far will the safe ha"e o"ed forward when the rollers ha"e ade one re"olution9
Answer
The sa"e must ha+e mo+ed ** inches "orward.
4f the rollers ma,e one re0olution, the safe will mo0e the distance e:ual to the circumference of
the roller. Hence, the distance co0ered by the safe is
= 94 G (iameter .or ! G 94 G ;adius/
= 94 G 5
= ".1415E!D5 G 5
= !1.EE115
= !! inches appro'.
87)Brain Teaser No : 00049
The a"era!e scores of the class for e$a are as follow:
A"era!e score of the bo's , D4
A"era!e score of the !irls , >1
A"era!e score of the class , >3
=ind whether *lass contains ore Bo's or <irls9
Answer
Assume that there are $ boys and C girls in the )lass.
Hence from the gi0en data B
90*B + 81*G = 84*(B+G)
90B + 81G = 84B + 84G
6B = 3G
2B = G
Hence number of Cirls in the )lass are twice the number of $oys.
88)Brain Teaser No : 00088
=ind the "alues of each of the al#habets.
N O O N
S O O N
+ M O O N
----------
J U N E
Answer
?sing trial and error. 2here are ! solutions to it and may be more.
2 4 4 2
1 4 4 2
+ 5 4 4 2
----------
9 3 2 6
4 1 1 4
5 1 1 4
+ 0 1 1 4
----------
9 3 4 2
89)Brain Teaser No : 00272
Khat are the ne$t two nubers in this series9
16 36 16 ;6 D6 %6 P6 P
Answer
Ne0t two numbers are 3 and /.
2he patten is the each digit in the 0alue of 94 after the decimal point. 2he 0alue of
mathematical constant 94 is ".1415E!D5"D.
90)Brain Teaser No : 00293
A #ositi"e inte!er that6 when added to 1444 !i"es a su which is !reater than when
ulti#lied b' 1444.
=ind the #ositi"e inte!er.
Answer
The positi+e integer is ).
um of 1 and 1000 = 1 @ 1000 = 1001
1ultiplication of 1 and 1000 = 1 G 1000 = 1000
2hus, sum of 1 and 1000 is greater than the multiplication of 1 and 1000.
91)Brain Teaser No : 00298
Khich of the followin! nubers is the odd one out6 and wh'9
16 %6 (6 ;6 D6 1(6 %1
Note that % is not the odd one.
Answer
The odd number is 4.
4t is a -ibonacci eries 7 a series in which ne't number is summation of pre0ious ! numbers.
2he first two numbers are 1 and !.
2hird number is = 1 @ ! = "
-ourth number is " @ 5 = #
-ifth number is 5 @ # = 1"
i'th number is # @ 1" = !1
Hence E is the odd number 4t should #.
92)Brain Teaser No : 00311
Re#lace the letters with the correct nubers.
T W O
X T W O
---------
T H R E E
Answer
T@), A@%, (@>, ;@4, ,@*, E@2
1 3 8
x 1 3 8
------------
1 9 0 4 4
Lou can reduce the number of trials. 2 must be 1 as there is multiplication of 2 with 2 in
hundred's position. Also, & can not be 0 or 1. %ow, you ha0e to find three digit number whose
s:uare satisfies abo0e conditions and s:uare of that has same last two digits. Hence, it must
be between 10! and 1"E.
93)Brain Teaser No : 00227
Mrs. Katsherface had a !ara!e sale. A custer naed <ina bou!ht an old la# and a ru!.
She #aid a total of Q;.%; for e"er'thin!. The ru! cost %; cents ore than the la#.
8ow uch did each cost9
Answer
The lamp cost B *./: and the rug cost B *.1/
A simple one.
Assume that the lamp cost R L.
Hence the rug must ha0e cost R .L @ 0.!5/
Also, total cost is R 5.!5, Hence the e:uation B
L @ L @ 0.!5 = 5.!5
! G L = 5
L = !.50
Hence, the lamp cost R !.50 and the rug cost R !.55
94)Brain Teaser No : 00313
A !rou# of friends went on a holida' to a hill station. It rained for 1( da's. But when it
rained in the ornin!6 the afternoon was lo"el'. And when it rained in the afternoon6 the
da' was #receded b' clear ornin!.
Alto!ether there were 11 "er' nice ornin!s and 1% "er' nice afternoons. 8ow an' da's
did their holida' last9
Answer
The holida$ last "or )> da$s.
Let's assume the number of days as followsB
;ain in the morning and lo0ely afternoon = K days
)lear morning and rain in the afternoon = L days
%o rain in the morning and in the afternoon = N days
%umber of days with rain = K @ L = 1" days
%umber of days with clear mornings = L @ N = 11 days
%umber of days with clear afternoons = K @ N = 1! days
ol0ing abo0e " e:uations, we get K = 5, L = D and N = 5
Hence, total number of days on holiday = 1# days
95)Brain Teaser No : 00082
If 'ou added to!ether the nuber of %Js in each of the followin! sets of nubers6 which set
would contain the ost %Js: 1B(((6 ((3B7776 or 77GBDDD9
Answer
)C%%%
2he reason why is because !007!EE each begins with a !J
96)Brain Teaser No : 00133
=i"e students B A:ash6 *hintan6 Ri!nesh6 Mu:und and Sen:' B a##eared for an e$a. There
were total fi"e &uestions B two ulti#le choice -a6 b or c2 and three true+false &uestions.
The' answered fi"e &uestions each and answered as follow.
I II III IV V
--------------------------------------------------
Chintan c b True True False
Akash c c True True True
Jignesh a c False True True
Mukund b a True True False
Venky b b True False True
--------------------------------------------------
Also, no two students got the same number of correct answers.
)an you tell which are the correct answers* +hat are their indi0idual score*
Answer
The correct answers are b, a, True, Dalse and Dalse. Also, the scores are Eignesh 6:8,
A&ash 6)8, !hintan 6*8, 5en&$ 6%8 and <u&und 628.
As no two students got the same number of correct answers, the total number of correct
answers must be either 15 .1@!@"@4@5/ or 10 .0@1@!@"@4/.
Let's find out the ma'imum number of correct answers possible from the answers gi0en by
them.
-or Suestion 4 = ! .b or c/
-or Suestion 44 = ! .b or c/
-or Suestion 444 = 4 .2rue/
-or Suestion 4T = 4 .2rue/
-or Suestion T = " .2rue/
2hus, the ma'imum number of correct answers possible are 15 .!@!@4@4@"/ which means
that A,ash would ha0e gi0en all correct answers as only he answered 2rue for :uestions 444, 4T
and T. $ut then )hintan and Aignesh would ha0e e'actly " correct answers. And also, 1u,und
and Ten,y would ha0e ! correct answers. o no one got all "i+e correct. &ne can also arri0e
at this conclusion by trial7and7error, but that would be bit lengthy.
%ow, it is clear that total number of correct answers are 10 .0@1@!@"@4/. Suestions 444 and 4T
both can not be -alse. 4f so, total number of correct answers would not be 10. o the student
who got all wrong can not be )hintan, A,ash and 1u,und.
4f Ten,y got all wrong, then )hintan, Aignesh and 1u,und each would ha0e atleast ! correct
answers. 4t means that A,ash would ha0e to be the student with only one correct answer and
the correct answers for :uestions 4 and 44 would be a and a respecti0ely. $ut then the total
number of correct answers would be 1 .a/ @ 1 .a/ @ 1 .-alse/ @ 4 .2rue/ @ ! .-lase/ = E.
2hus, Aignesh is the student with all wrong answers. 2he correct answers are b, a, 2rue, -alse
and -alse. Also, the scores are Aignesh .0/, A,ash .1/, )hintan .!/, Ten,y ."/ and 1u,und .4/.
97)Brain Teaser No : 00720
Two #eo#le enter a race in whic: 'ou run to a #oint and bac:. .erson A runs %4 #h to and
fro the #oint. .erson B runs to the #oint !oin! 14 #h and (4 #h !oin! bac:.
Kho cae in first9
Answer
Person A came in "irst.
Let's assume that the distance between start and the point is ( miles.
2otal time ta,en by 9erson A to finish
= .(I!0/ @ .(I!0/
= (I10
= 0.1(
2otal time ta,en by 9erson $ to finish
= .(I10/ @ .(I"0/
= !(I15
= 0.1"""(
2hus, 9erson A is the +inner.
Alternati0ely .if you don't li,e mathematics 6//, analyse the situation as followB
%ote that initially speed of 9erson A .!0 mph/ was twice the speed of 9erson $ .10 mph/.
Hence, when 9erson A .!0 mph forward/ reached the point, 9erson $ .10 mph forward/ was
halfway. +hen 9erson A .!0 mph bac,/ finished, 9erson $ .still 10 mph forward/ reached the
point.
2hus, 9erson A wins the race and by that time 9erson $ co0ers only half the distance, no
matter how far the point isJJJ
98)Brain Teaser No : 00737
*onsider a !ae of Tower of 8anoi -li:e the one that 'ou can #la' on BrainSista2.
If the tower has % discs6 the least #ossible o"es with which 'ou can o"e the entire tower
to another #e! is (.
If the tower has ( discs6 the least #ossible o"es with which 'ou can o"e the entire tower
to another #e! is G.
Khat is the least #ossible o"es with which 'ou can o"e the entire tower to another #e! if
the tower has N discs9
Answer
2here are number of ways to find the answer.
2o mo0e the largest disc .at le0el %/ from one tower to the other, it re:uires !
.%71/
mo0es. 2hus,
to mo0e % discs from one tower to the other, the number of mo0es re:uired is
= !
.%71/
@ !
.%7!/
@ !
.%7"/
@ ..... @ !
!
@ !
1
@ !
0

= !
%
7 1
-or % discs, the number of mo0es is one more than two times the number of mo0es for %71
discs. 2hus, the recursi0e function is
-.1/ = 1
-.%/ = !GU-.%71/V @ 1
where % is the total number of discs
Also, one can arri0e at the answer by finding the number of mo0es for smaller number of discs
and then deri0e the pattern.
-or 1 disc, number of mo0es = 1
-or ! discs, number of mo0es = "
-or " discs, number of mo0es = 5
-or 4 discs, number of mo0es = 15
-or 5 discs, number of mo0es = "1
2hus, the pattern is !
%
7 1
99)Brain Teaser No : 00626
On e"e' Sunda' Aar6 A:bar and Anthon' lunch to!ether at .reetaBDaBDhaba where
the' order lassi based on followin! facts.
1. ?nless neither Amar nor A,bar ha0e lassi, Anthony must ha0e it.
!. 4f Amar does not ha0e lassi, either A,bar or Anthony or both ha0e it.
". Anthony has lassi only if either Amar or A,bar or both ha0e it.
4. A,bar and Anthony ne0er ha0e lassi together.
+ho order.s/ lassi*
Answer
Amar and Anthon$ both ha+e lassi whereas A&bar ne+er does.
-act .!/ can be alternati0ely stated that Feither Amar or A,bar or Anthony must ha0e lassiF.
-rom -act ."/, it can be infered that either Amar or A,bar must ha0e lassi.
%ow, from -act .1/, it is apparent that Anthony too must ha0e lassi. $ut according to -act .4/,
A,bar cannot ha0e lassi when Anthony does.
2hus Amar and Anthony both ha0e lassi whereas A,bar ne0er does.
100)Brain Teaser No : 00045
A class of 144 students. %3 of the are !irls and (% are not. Khich base a I usin!9
Answer
Let the base be K.
2herefore
.KGK @ KG0 @ 0/ = .!GK @4/ @ ."GK @ !/
KGK = 5GK @ D
KGK 7 5GK 7D = 0
.K7D/.K@1/ = 0
2herefore base is D
101)Brain Teaser No : 00231
Khat two nubers coes ne$t in this series9:
16 %6 (6 76 G6 136 1;6 (46 (16 9 9
Answer
%e't two numbers are D! and D".
2he pattern is double the number, add one, double the number, add one...
tarting with 1, for ne't number double the number = !
-or ne't number add one = "
Again, double the number = D
%e't add one = 5 and so on ...
%ow at "1, for ne't number double the number = D!
Add one for ne't number = D"
102)Brain Teaser No : 00526
Khat are the ne$t two nuber in the series9
16 %6 36 G6 %>6 ((6 1D>6 96 9
Answer
The ne0t two numbers are *:/ and )32:.
2he pattern is B 1 @ 1 G ! @ " G 4 @ 5 G D @ 5 G # @ E G 10 or to the current number add and
multiply alternati0ely by the number's position to get the ne't number.
-irst number = 1
econd number = 1 @ 1 = !
2hird number = ! G ! = 4
-ourth number = 4 @ " = 5
-ifth number = 5 G 4 = !#
i'th number = !# @ 5 = ""
e0enth number = "" G D = 1E#
>ight number = 1E# @ 5 = !05
%inth number = !05 G # = 1D40
2enth number = 1D40 @ E = 1D4E
103)Brain Teaser No : 00548
There is a two di!it nuber6 the second di!it of which is 3 less than its first di!it. Also6 the
nuber is di"isible b' the su of its di!its and if 'ou do so6 the &uotient would be G.
=ind the nuber.
Answer
The number is >2.
Let's assume that the first digit is %. Hence, the second digit is .%74/ and the number is
= 10% @ .%74/
= 11% 7 4
%ow, it is gi0en that the number is di0isible by the sum of its digit and the :uotient would be 5.
.11% 7 4/ I .% @ % 7 4/ = 5
.11% 7 4/ I .!% 7 4/ = 5
.11% 7 4/ = 5 G .!% 7 4/
11% 7 4 = 14% 7 !#
"% = !4
% = #
2hus, the first digit is #, the second digit is 4 and the re:uired number is #4.
104)Brain Teaser No : 00315
A farer built a fence around his %; cows in a s&uare re!ion. 8e built it in such a wa' that
one can see ; #oles fro either of the four sides.
Khat are the iniu nuber of #oles the farer ust ha"e used9
Answer
)3 poles
X X X X X
X X
X X
X X
X X X X X
&ne pole at each corner and three poles along each side so that one can always see 5 poles
from either of the four sides. 2he corner pole is shared by two sides and hence reducing the
number of poles to 1D.
105)Brain Teaser No : 00421
A an is at a ri"er with a D !allon buc:et and a 3 !allon buc:et. 8e needs e$actl' 7 !allons
of water.
8ow can he use both buc:ets to !et e$actl' 7 !allons of water9
Note that he cannot estiate b' du#in! soe of the water out of the D !allon buc:et or the
3 !allon buc:et.
Answer
-or the sac, of e'planation, let's identify 4 gallon buc,et as $uc,et 9 and E gallon buc,et as
$uc,et S.
(peration
2 gallon buc&et
6Buc&et P8
4 gallon buc&et
6Buc&et F8
4nitially 0 0
-ill the buc,et S with E gallon water 0 E
9our 4 gallon water from buc,et S to buc,et 9 4 5
>mpty buc,et 9 0 5
9our 4 gallon water from buc,et S to buc,et 9 4 1
>mpty buc,et 9 0 1
9our 1 gallon water from buc,et S to buc,et 9 1 0
-ill the buc,et S with E gallon water 1 E
9our " gallon water from buc,et S to buc,et 9 4 D
E gallon buc,et contains D gallon of water, as re:uired.
106)Brain Teaser No : 00733
Nsin! the nubers 4 to D once each6 what cobination will add u# to e$actl' 1449
Note that 'ou can use ONAM ADDITION.
Answer
It is impossible to get ):: using digits :C4 once each and onl$ addition.
All digits from 0 to E add up to 45. %ow, ta,e any two digits .and ma,e a two7digit number/ and
add it to the remaining digits. 2he result will always increase by a multiple of E. e.g Let's ta,e 1
and ! i.e. 1! and add all remaining digits to it, the total is 54 i.e. 45 @ E.
2hus, whate0er you do the answer will always be 45 @ EK, where K is an integer. 4n other
words, we are trying to sol0e 45 @ EK =100 for integer 0alue of K.
2hus, it is impossible to get 100 using digits 07E once each and only addition
107)Brain Teaser No : 00297
A contractor had e#lo'ed 144 labourers for a fl'o"er construction tas:. 8e did not allow
an' woan to wor: without her husband. Also6 atleast half the en wor:in! cae with
their wi"es.
8e #aid fi"e ru#ees #er da' to each an6 four ru##es to each woan and one ru#ee to each
child. 8e !a"e out %44 ru#ees e"er' e"enin!.
8ow an' en6 woen and children were wor:in! with the constructor9
Answer
)3 men, )* women and 1* children were wor&ing with the constructor.
Let's assume that there were K men, L women and N children wor,ing with the constructor.
Hence,
K @ L @ N = 100
5K @ 4L @ N = !00
>liminating K and L in turn from these e:uations, we get
K = "N 7 !00
L = "00 7 4N
As if woman wor,s, her husband also wor,s and atleast half the men wor,ing came with their
wi0es6 the 0alue of L lies between K and KI!. ubstituting these limiting 0alues in e:uations,
we get
if L = K,
"00 7 4N = "N 7 !00
5N = 500
N = 500I5 i.e. 51.4!#
if L = KI!,
"00 7 4N = ."N 7 !00/I!
D00 7 #N = "N 7 !00
11N = #00
N = #00I11 i.e. 5!.5!5
$ut N must be an integer, hence N=5!. Also, K=1D and L=1!
2here were 1D men, 1! women and 5! children wor,ing with the constructor.
108)Brain Teaser No : 00627
If a an holds an A##le in his left hand6 and an Oran!e in his ri!ht6 Khat tie does the
14:44 train coe at9
Answer
):G:: (#!loc&
2he train is scheduled for 10B00 and it will come at 10B00 cloc, unless it is late 7 no matter
what the guy holds in his hands.
109)Brain Teaser No : 00192
There were an electrician and a #luber waitin! in line for adission to the 8oe Show.
One of the was the father of the otherJs son.
8ow could this be #ossible9
Answer
The electrician and the plumber are ;usbandCAi"e.
Hence, one is the father and the other is the mother
110)Brain Teaser No : 00044
.ut the a##ro#riate #lus or inus si!ns between the nubers below6 in the correct #laces6 so
that the "alue of the e$#ression on the left will e&ual the "alue on the ri!ht:
4 1 % ( 3 ; 7 G > D , 1
Answer
A simple one. 2here are many solutions to it.
0 @ 1 7 ! 7 " 7 4 @ 5 7 D 7 5 @ # @ E = 1
0 @ 1 @ ! @ " @ 4 @ 5 7 D 7 5 @ # 7 E = 1
0 7 1 7 ! @ " 7 4 @ 5 7 D @ 5 @ # 7 E = 1
0 @ 1 7 ! 7 " 7 4 7 5 @ D @ 5 7 # @ E = 1
0 @ 1 @ ! @ " @ 4 W 5 @ D @ 5 7 # 7 E = 1
111)Brain Teaser No : 00117
I bou!ht a car with a #eculiar ; di!it nubered licence #late which on re"ersin! could still
be read. On re"ersin! "alue is increased b' G>7((.
Khats the ori!inal nuber if all di!its are different9
Answer
&nly 0 1 D # and E can be read upside down. o on rearranging these digits we get the
answer as 10ED#.
112)Brain Teaser No : 00394
Shi"an!i is the 11th !irl fro either end of the raw of !irls.
8ow an' !irls are there in a row9
Answer
There are total *) girls in a row.
hi0angi is the 11th girl from either end of the raw of girls. 4t means that there are 10 girls
each, on both sides of her. Hence, there are total !1 girls.
113)Brain Teaser No : 00061
Three friends chec: into a hotel for the ni!ht and the cler: tells the the bill is Rs. (46
#a'able in ad"ance. So6 the' each #a' the cler: RS. 14 and !o to their roo.
A few inutes later6 the cler: realiLes he has ade an error and o"erchar!ed the trio b' Rs
;. 8e as:s the hotelBbo' to return Rs. ; to the ( friends who had Eust chec:ed in. The hotelB
bo' sees this as an o##ortunit' to a:e Rs. % as he reasons that the three friends would ha"e
a tou!h tie di"idin! Rs. ; e"enl' aon! theI so he decides to tell the that the cler:
ade a ista:e of onl' Rs. (6 !i"in! a ru#ee bac: to each of the friends. 8e #oc:ets the
lefto"er Rs. % and !oes hoe for the da'T
Now6 each of the three friends !ets a ru#ee bac:6 thus the' each #aid Rs. D for the roo
which is a total of Rs. %G for the ni!ht. Ke :now the hotelBbo' #oc:eted Rs. % and addin!
that to the Rs. %G6 'ou !et Rs. %D6 not Rs. (4 which was ori!inall' s#ent.
Khere did the other ru#ee !o999
Answer
2he facts in this riddle are clearB 2here is an initial ;s. "0 charge. 4t should ha0e been ;s. !5,
so ;s.5 must be returned and accounted for. ;s. " is gi0en to the " friends, ;s. ! is ,ept by
the hotel7boy 7 there you ha0e the ;s. 5.
2he tric, to this riddle is that the addition and subtraction are done at the wrong times to
misdirect your thin,ing 7 and :uite successfully for most. >ach of the " friends did indeed pay
;s. E, not ;s. 10, and as far as the friends are concerned, they paid ;s. !5 for the night. $ut
we ,now that the cler, will tell us that they were charged only ;s. !5 and when you add the
;s. " returned with the ;s. ! ,ept by the hotel7boy, you come up with ;s. "0
114)Brain Teaser No : 00105
A an is on a search for Atlantis and coes u#on an island where all the inhabitants :now
whether Atlantis is still around or not.
8owe"er6 all of the inhabitants are either =airies or Trolls and the' all use a s#ell to a##ear
huanoid so 'ou cannot tell which is which. And the =aries alwa's tell the truth and the
Trolls alwa's lie6 but there is a sli!ht co#lication6 soe of the =airies ha"e !one insane
and alwa's lie and soe of the Trolls ha"e also !one insane and alwa's tell the truth.
So here is 'our tas:: 'ou ust as: the first inhabitant that 'ou coe to ONE &uestion and
fro that ONE &uestion 'ou ust deterine wether Atlantis is still around or not.
Khat is the &uestion that 'ou ust as:9
Answer
2here are ! answers to itB
Answer IF4s the statement that you are reliable e:ui0alent to the statement that Atlantis is still
around*F
Answer IIF(o you belie0e that the tatement that you are a -airy is e:ui0alent to the
statement that Atlantis is still around*F
115)Brain Teaser No : 00350
If a butcherJs cler: is ; ft 14 inches. Khat does he wei!h9
Answer
2he butcher's cler, weighs meat.
2he height is gi0en only to misguide you so that you thin, of cler,'s weight
116)Brain Teaser No : 00152
There is a ri"er and ( #eo#le. Two #eo#le wei!h ;4 lbs and one of the wei!hs 144 lbs. The
onl' wa' 'ou can cross the ri"er is b' usin! a boat.
8ow can the' all cross the ri"er if the boat onl' can hold 144 lbs9
Answer
1. $oth 50 pound persons will cross the ri0er.
!. &ne of the 50 pound person will come bac,.
". %ow, 100 pound person will cross the ri0er alone.
4. 50 pound person will come bac, who is at the other end of the ri0er.
5. Again both 50 pound persons will cross the ri0er together.
117)Brain Teaser No : 00112
A hole that is ( feet dee#6 and 7 inches in diaeter6 has how uch dirt in it..9
Answer
A tric,y one.
4t's a hole. o there is no dirt in it.
118)Brain Teaser No : 00118
Shahru:h s#ea:s truth onl' in the ornin! and lies in the afternoon6 whereas Salan s#ea:s
truth onl' in the afternoon and lies in the ornin!.
A sa's that B is Shahru:h.
Is it ornin! or afternoon and who is A B Shahru:h or Salan9
Answer
4t is Afternoon and A can be alman or hahru,h. 4f A is alman, he is spea,ing truth. 4f A is
hahru,h, he is lying.
+ant to confirm it* )onsider following 4 possible answers and chec, for its truthness
indi0idually.
1. 4t is 1orning and A is hahru,h
!. 4t is 1orning and A is alman
". 4t is Afternoon and A is hahru,h
4. 4t is Afternoon and A is alman
119)Brain Teaser No : 00226
A bus dri"er was !oin! down a street. 8e was on the wron! side. 8e went at a sto# si!n and
didnJt si!nal at a turn. 8e went under the iniu s#eed and 'et he didnJt !et in trouble for
his actions.
K8M not9
Answer
He was +al,ing. He is a $us dri0er. $ut it does not say that he was dri0ing.
120)Brain Teaser No : 00173
To and Rerr' and the bo's in the bar were e$chan!in! old war stories.
To offered one about how his !randfather led a battalion a!ainst a <eran di"ision durin!
Korld Kar I. Throu!h brilliant aneu"ers6 he defeated the and ca#tured "aluable
territor'. After the battle he was awarded a edal that was inscribed with:
"For Bravery, Daring and Leadership - World War I.
From the Men of Battalion 8."
Aerry loo,ed at 2om and said, FLou really don't e'pect anyone to belie0e that yarn, do you*F
+hat's wrong with the story*
Answer
Aorld Aar I wasn#t called HAorld Aar IH until Aorld Aar II.
121)Brain Teaser No : 00527
A urderer is condened to death. 8e has to choose between three roos. The first is full
of ra!in! fires6 the second is full of assassins with loaded !uns6 and the third is full of lions
that ha"enJt eaten in ( 'ears.
Khich roo is the safest for hi9
Answer
The third room C "ull o" lions C is the sa"est.
2he third room is full of lions that HAT>%'2 >A2>% 4% " L>A;. 4t is ob0ious that they won't
sur0i0e without eating for " years, they must be dead.
122)Brain Teaser No : 00820
Ait6 Bha"in6 8ianshu and Ra:esh are sittin! around a table.
2he >lectonics >ngineer is sitting to the left of the 1echanical >ngineer.
Amit is sitting opposite to )omputer >ngineer.
Himanshu li,es to play )omputer Cames.
$ha0in is sitting to the right of the )hemical >ngineer.
)an you figure out e0eryone's profession*
Answer
Amit is the 1echanical >ngineer. $ha0in is the )omputer >ngineer. Himanshu and ;a,esh
are either )hemical >ngineer or >lecronics >ngineer.
Amit and $ha0in are sitting opposite to each other. +hereas )hemical >ngineer and
>lecronics >ngineer are sitting opposite to each other.
+e cannot find out who is )hemical >ngineer and >lecronics >ngineer as data pro0ided is not
sufficient.
123)Brain Teaser No : 00063
Sita has si$ #airs of blac: !lo"es and si$ #airs of brown !lo"es in her drawer.
In co#lete dar:ness6 how an' !lo"es ust she ta:e fro the drawer in order to be sure to
!et a atchin! #air -i.e. left hand and ri!ht hand !ol"es of the sae color29 Thin:
carefull'TT
Answer
)%
he could possibly ta,e out D blac, left hand glo0es and then D brown left hand glo0es, the
ne't one would ha0e to be either the right hand or left hand match
124)Brain Teaser No : 00068
In 'our soc: drawer6 'ou ha"e a ratio of ; #airs of blue soc:s6 3 #airs of brown soc:s6 and 7
#airs of blac: soc:s.
In co#lete dar:ness6 how an' soc:s would 'ou need to #ull out to !et a atchin! #air of
the sae color9
Answer
2 4f you don't agree, try it yourselfJ
125)Brain Teaser No : 00095
Mou ha"e a buc:et of Eell' beans. Soe are red6 soe are blue6 and soe !reen. Kith 'our
e'es closed6 #ic: out % of a li:e color.
8ow an' do 'ou ha"e to !rab to be sure 'ou ha"e % of the sae9
Answer
4f you select 4 Aelly beans you are guarenteed that you will ha0e ! that are the same color.
126)Brain Teaser No : 00197
There are G4 e#lo'ees wor:in! with BrainSista of which (4 are feales. Also6
"0 employees are married
!4 employees are abo0e !5 years of age
1E married employees are abo0e !5 years, of which 5 are males
1! males are abo0e !5 years of age
15 males are married.
How many unmarried females are there and how many of them are abo0e !5*
Answer
)/ unmarried "emales & none are abo+e */ $ears o" age.
imply put all gi0en information into the table structure and you will get the answer.

<arried Unmarried
Below */ Abo+e */ Below */ Abo+e */
Demale " 1! 15 0
<ale # 5 !0 5
127)Brain Teaser No : 00232
There is a one floor house6 and e"er'thin! in it is blue6 !reen or #ur#le. The #eo#le are
#ur#le6 the car#etin! is !reen and the walls are blue.
Khat colour do 'ou su##ose the stairs are9
Answer
4t is a one floor house and one floor house do not ha0e stairs. Hence, there is no :uestion of
colour of stairs as there are no stairs. 067/
128)Brain Teaser No : 00292
Mr. Blac:6 Mr. Khite and Mr. <re' were chattin! in the Mahoo conference. The' were
wearin! a blac: suit6 a white suit and a !re' suit6 not necessaril' in the sae order.
Mr. <re' sent essa!e6 OKe all are wearin! suit that are of the sae color as our naes but
none of us is wearin! a suit that is the sae color as his nae.O
On that a #erson wearin! the white suit re#lied6 OKhat difference does that a:e9O
*an 'ou tell what color suit each of the three #ersons had on9
Answer
<r. Ire$ is wearing Blac& suit.
<r. Ahite is wearing Ire$ suit.
<r. Blac& is wearing Ahite suit.
1r. Crey must not be wearing grey suit as that is the same colour as his name. Also, he was
not wearing white suit as the person wearing white suit responded to his comment. o 1r
Crey must be wearing a blac, suit.
imilarly, 1r. +hite must be wearing either blac, suit or grey suit. $ut 1r. Crey is wearing a
blac, suit. Hence, 1r. +hite must be wearing a grey suit.
And, 1r. $lac, must be wearing white suit.
129)Brain Teaser No : 00410
On one side of the ri"er there is a an6 a wolf6 a !oat6 and soe cabba!e. The an needs to
ta:e each of the across to the other side of the ri"er. 8e has a boat6 but in it he can onl' fit
one of the as well as hiself.
If he ta:es the wolf across first6 the !oat will eat the cabba!e. If he ta:es the cabba!e across6
the wolf will eat the !oat.
Krite the correct order in which he can ta:e the across.
Answer
2here are two answers to the teaser, similar but slightly different. 2he ,ey is ne0er ,eep +olf7
Coat and Coat7)abbage alone.
4nitially, the man, the wolf, the goat and the cabbage is on one side of the ri0er i.e. .1+C), 0/
Answer G )
1. 2a,e the goat across lea0ing the wolf and the cabbage. .+), 1C/
!. )ome bac,. .+)1, C/
". 2a,e the cabbage across lea0ing the wolf alone. .+, 1C)/
4. 2a,e the goat bac,. .1+C, )/
5. 2a,e the wolf across. .C, 1+)/
D. )ome bac,. .1C, +)/
5. 2a,e the goat across. .0, 1+C)/
Answer G *
1. 2a,e the goat across lea0ing the wolf and the cabbage. .+), 1C/
!. )ome bac,. .+)1, C/
". 2a,e the wolf across lea0ing the wolf alone. .), 1+C/
4. 2a,e the goat bac,. .1C), +/
5. 2a,e the cabbage across. .C, 1+)/
D. )ome bac,. .1C, +)/
5. 2a,e the goat across. .0, 1+C)/
130)Brain Teaser No : 00341
Khat is the ne$t nuber in the !i"en series9
14U(6 14UD6 14U%G6 14U%6 46 36 >6 (6 9
Note that 14U( eans 14 raised to the #ower of ( i.e. 1444.
Answer
A tought one JJJ
The ne0t number in the series is /.
2he pattern is 7 the series of numbers containing first letter of the >nglish alphabet starting
from FAF.
10^3 = one thousAnd
10^9 = one Billion
10^27 = one oCtillion
10^2 = one hunDreD
0 = zEro
4 = Four
8 = eiGht
3 = tHree
5 = fIve
131)Brain Teaser No : 00077
In another !ala$'6 a certain nation of creatures s#ea: a lan!ua!e :nown as Al!raara. In
this lan!ua!e6 Ohar"ec tood Le"acO eans O' tooth hurtsO6 Ola"ec lina Le"acO eans O'
delicious foodO6 V OLe"ac cora linaO eans Oeatin! ' foodO.
Khat does Ocora har"ec Le"ac toodO ean9
Answer
2here are " sentancesB
1. Fhar0ec tood He0acF means Fmy tooth hurts,F
!. Fla0ec lina He0acF means Fmy delicious food,F
". FHe0ac corma linaF means Feating my food.F
-rom .1/, .!/ 3 ."/ FHe0acF means my
-rom .!/ 3 ."/ FlinaF means food
o -rom ."/ FcormaF means eating
and -rom .!/ Fla0ecF means delicious
%ow, two un,nown words are thereB Fhar0ecF and FtoodF which means tooth or hurts. o there
are two optionsB
1. >ating hurts my tooth
!. >ating tooth my hurts
&nly first option ma,es sence. o Fcorma har0ec He0ac toodF means F>ating hurts my toothF
132)Brain Teaser No : 00126
There are si$ bo$es containin! ;6 G6 136 176 1>6 %D balls of either red or blue in colour. Soe
bo$es contain onl' red balls and others contain onl' blue.
One sales an sold one bo$ out of the and then he sa's6 OI ha"e the sae nuber of red
balls left out as that of blue.O
Khich bo$ is the one he solds out9
Answer
2otal no of balls = 5 @ 5 @ 14 @ 1D @ 1# @ !E = #E
2otal number of balls are odd. Also, same number of red balls and blue balls are left out after
selling one bo'. o it is ob0ious that the bo' with odd number of balls in it is sold out i.e. 5, 5
or !E.
%ow using trial and error method,
.#E7!E/ I! = D0I! = "0 and
14 @ 1D = 5 @ 5 @ 1# = "0
o bo' with !E balls is sold out
133)Brain Teaser No : 00215
Sa and Mala ha"e a con"ersation.
am says 4 am certainly not o0er 40
1ala says 4 am "# and you are atleast 5 years older than me
%ow am says you are atleast "E
All the statements by the two are false. How old are they really*
Answer
9am is 2) and <ala is %1.
Let's in0ert the teaser and read it li,e this B
am says 4 am certainly o0er 40
1ala says 4 am not "# and you are atmost 4 years older than me
%ow am says you are atmost "#
-rom first statement it is clear that am is o0er 40. Also, from ne't ! statements it is clear that
1ala is less then "#. Hence the possibilities are B
am = 41, 4!, 4", 44, 45, ......
1ala = "5, "D, "5, "4, "", ......
4t also says that the difference between their age is ma'imum 4 years. Hence, there is only
one possible pair i.e. 41 and "5, all other combination ha0e differences more then 4.
Hence the answer 7 am is 41 and 1ala is "5.
134)Brain Teaser No : 00328
8ow an' s&uares are there in a ; inch b' ; inch s&uare !rid9 Note that the !rid is ade u#
of one inch b' one inch s&uares.
Answer
There are // sKuares in a / b$ / grid.
2here are !5 s:uares of one grid.
2here are 1D s:uares of four grids i.e. ! by !
2here are E s:uares of nine grids i.e. " by "
2here are 4 s:uares of si'teen grids i.e. 4 by 4
2here is 1 s:uare of twenty7fi0e girds i.e. 5 by 5
Hence, there are total !5 @ 1D @ E @ 4 @ 1 = 55 s:uares.
Lou must ha0e noticed one thing that total number s:uares possible of each siHe is always a
perfact s:uare i.e. !5, 1D, E, 4, 1
-or a grid of % by %, the possible number of s:uares are
= %
!
@ .% 7 1/
!
@ .% 7 !/
!
@ .% 7 "/
!
@ ......... @ "
!
@ !
!
@ 1
!

-or 1 by 1 grid, total s:uares = 1
!
= 1
-or ! by ! grid, total s:uares = !
!
@ 1
!
= 5
-or " by " grid, total s:uares = "
!
@ !
!
@ 1
!
= 14
-or 4 by 4 grid, total s:uares = 4
!
@ "
!
@ !
!
@ 1
!
= "0
-or 5 by 5 grid, total s:uares = 5
!
@ 4
!
@ "
!
@ !
!
@ 1
!
= 55
135)Brain Teaser No : 00443
Mou are !i"en an arbitraril' lon! strin! of #arentheses i.e. a strin! co#risin! of J-J and J2J.
<i"e an efficient wa' of findin! whether a !i"en strin! contains a balanced #arentheses or
not. Note that the strin! can be of an' len!th.
A strin! with balanced #arentheses is a strin! containin! sae nuber of left #arentheses J-J
and ri!ht #arentheses J2J. Also6 the' ust be in correct order i.e. - - 2 - 2 2 is balanced whereas
- 2 2 - - 2 is not.
Answer
tart a counter with 0 and read the gi0en string from left to right. Add 1 for each left
parentheses and subtract 1 for each right parentheses.
4f count is negati0e at any time, the gi0en string is not balanced.
4f the final count is non7Hero, the gi0en string is not balanced.
4f the final count is Hero, the gi0en string is balanced.
136)Brain Teaser No : 00483
=our cou#les are !oin! to the o"ie. Each row holds ei!ht seats. Bett' and Ri donJt want to
sit ne$t to Alice and To. Alice and To donJt want to sit ne$t to <ertrude and Bill. On the
otherhand6 Sall' and Bob donJt want to sit ne$t to Bett' and Ri.
8ow can the cou#les arran!e thesel"es in a row so that the' all sit where the' would li:e9
Answer
-rom the gi0en data, it can be inferred thatB
.ally 3 $ob/ %&2 .$etty 3 Aim/ %&2 .Alice 3 2om/ %&2 .Certrude 3 $ill/
.A/ %&2 .$/ means A and $ can not seat ne't to each other.
%ow, it is ob0ious that .$etty 3 Aim/ and .Alice 3 2om/ will occupy the corner seats as both of
them can ha0e only one neighbour. 2herefore,
.Certrude 3 $ill/ will seat ne't to .$etty 3 Aim/
.ally 3 $ob/ will seat ne't to .Certrude 3 $ill/
.Alice 3 2om/ will seat ne't to .ally 3 $ob/
2hus, there are two possible arrangements 7 a mirror images of each other.
1. .$etty 3 Aim/ 7 .Certrude 3 $ill/ 7 .ally 3 $ob/ 7 .Alice 3 2om/
!. .Alice 3 2om/ 7 .ally 3 $ob/ 7 .Certrude 3 $ill/ 7 .$etty 3 Aim/
137)Brain Teaser No : 00154
There are 3 u!s #laced u#turned on the table. Each u! ha"e the sae nuber of arbles
and a stateent about the nuber of arbles in it. The stateents are: Two or Three6 One or
=our6 Three or One6 One or Two.
Onl' one of the stateent is correct. 8ow an' arbles are there under each u!9
Answer
A simple one.
As it is gi0en that only one of the four statement is correct, the correct number can not appear
in more than one statement. 4f it appears in more than one statement, then more than one
statement will be correct.
Hence, there are 4 marbles under each mug.
138)Brain Teaser No : 00203
Do 'ou :now the issin! nuber in the !i"en series9
146 116 1%6 1(6 136 1;6 176 1G6 %46 %%6 %36 PPP 6 1446 1%16 14444
Answer
The missing number is %).
2he pattern is 7 i'teen in the base n for n = 1D, 15, ..., !.
1D in the base 1D = 10
1D in the base 15 = 11
1D in the base 14 = 1!
1D in the base 1" = 1"
1D in the base 1! = 14
1D in the base 11 = 15
1D in the base 10 = 1D
1D in the base E = 15
1D in the base # = !0
1D in the base 5 = !!
1D in the base D = !4
1D in the base 5 = "1
1D in the base 4 = 100
1D in the base " = 1!1
1D in the base ! = 10000
2hus, the complete series is 7 10, 11, 1!, 1", 14, 15, 1D, 15, !0, !!, !4, "1, 100, 1!1, 10000
139)Brain Teaser No : 00028
There are 14 bo$es containin! 14 balls each. D bo$es contain 14 balls of 14 :! each and one
bo$ contains 14 balls of D :! each. Tool is a"ailable for #ro#er wei!hin!. 8ow can 'ou find
out the bo$ containin! D :! balls9
Mou are allowed to wei!h onl' once. Mou can reo"e balls fro the bo$es. All balls are of
sae siLe and color.
Answer
1. 1ar, the bo'es with numbers 1, !, ", 4, ... upto 10
!. 2a,e 1 ball from bo' 1, ta,e ! balls from bo' !, ta,e " balls from bo' ", ta,e 4 balls
from bo' 4 and so on
". 9ut all of them on the scale at once and ta,e the measurement.
4. %ow, subtract the measurement from 550 . 1G10 @ !G10 @ "G10 @ 4G10 @ 5G10 @ DG10 @
5G10 @ #G10 @ EG10 @ 10G10/
5. 2he result will gi0e you the bo' number which has a ball of E <g
140)Brain Teaser No : 00033
There are D coins. Out of which one is odd one i.e wei!ht is less or ore. 8ow an'
iterations of wei!hin! are re&uired to find odd coin9
Answer
4t is always possible to find odd coin in " weighings and to tell whether the odd coin is hea0ier
or lighter.
1. 2a,e # coins and weigh 4 against 4.
o 4f both are not e:ual, goto step !
o 4f both are e:ual, goto step "
!. &ne of these # coins is the odd one. %ame the coins on hea0ier side of the scale as
H1, H!, H" and H4. imilarly, name the coins on the lighter side of the scale as L1,
L!, L" and L4. >ither one of H's is hea0ier or one of L's is lighter. +eigh .H1, H!, L1/
against .H", H4, K/ where K is one coin remaining in intial weighing.
o 4f both are e:ual, one of L!, L", L4 is lighter. +eigh L! against L".
4f both are e:ual, L4 is the odd coin and is lighter.
4f L! is light, L! is the odd coin and is lighter.
4f L" is light, L" is the odd coin and is lighter.
o 4f .H1, H!, L1/ is hea0ier side on the scale, either H1 or H! is hea0ier. +eight
H1 against H!
4f both are e:ual, there is some error.
4f H1 is hea0y, H1 is the odd coin and is hea0ier.
4f H! is hea0y, H! is the odd coin and is hea0ier.
o 4f .H", H4, K/ is hea0ier side on the scale, either H" or H4 is hea0ier or L1 is
lighter. +eight H" against H4
4f both are e:ual, L1 is the odd coin and is lighter.
4f H" is hea0y, H" is the odd coin and is hea0ier.
4f H4 is hea0y, H4 is the odd coin and is hea0ier.
". 2he remaining coin K is the odd one. +eigh K against the anyone coin used in initial
weighing.
o 4f both are e:ual, there is some error.
o 4f K is hea0y, K is the odd coin and is hea0ier.
o 4f K is light, K is the odd coin and is lighter.
141)Brain Teaser No : 00092
Below is a )uiL written b' Einstein in the lst centur'.
8e said D>5 of the #eo#le in the world cannot sol"e the &uiL. Are 'ou aon! the other %59
=A*TS
1. 2here are 5 houses in 5 different colors.
!. 4n each house li0es a person with a different nationality.
". 2hese 5 owners drin, a certain be0erage, smo,e a certain brand of cigar and ,eep a certain
pet.
4. %o owners ha0e the same pet, smo,e the same brand of cigar or drin, the same drin,.
H4%2
1. 2he $rit li0es in a red house.
!. 2he wede ,eeps dogs as pets.
". 2he (ane drin,s tea.
4. 2he green house is on the immediate left of the white house.
5. 2he green house owner drin,s coffee.
D. 2he person who smo,es 9all 1all rears birds.
5. 2he owner of the yellow house smo,es (unhill.
#. 2he man li0ing in the house right in the center drin,s mil,.
E. 2he %orwegian li0es in the first house.
10. 2he man who smo,es blend li0es ne't to the one who ,eeps cats.
11. 2he man who ,eeps horses li0es ne't to the man who smo,es (unhill.
1!. 2he owner who smo,es $lue 1aster drin,s beer.
1". 2he Cerman smo,es 9rince.
14. 2he %orwegian li0es ne't to the $lue House.
15. 2he man who smo,es blend has a neighbor who drin,s water.
2H> S?>24&% 4....+H& <>>9 -4H*
2here is no tric, to this 7 it needs deducti0e reasoning and definitely a pen and paper.
Answer
Nationality Beverage Cigar Pet House Color
------------------------------------------------------
Norwegian Water Dunhill Cat Yellow
Dane Tea Blend Horses Blue
Brit Milk Pall Mall Bird Red
German Coffee Prince Fish Green
Swede Beer Blue Master Dog White
2herefore the answer is the Cerman.
4 wonder if ? could wor, it out by realiHing that >instien was a german and ,ept fish but that
would probably be cheating B/
2here is one more possible answer, if we remo0e FimmediateF from the Hint 4 i.e. read it as
F2he green house is on the left of the white house, not necessarily on the immediate leftF
Nationality Beverage Cigar Pet House Color
------------------------------------------------------
Norwegian Coffee Blend Fish Green
German Water Prince Cats Blue
Swede Milk Dunhill Dogs Yellow
Brit Beer Blue Master Horses Red
Dane Tea Pall Mall Birds White
2hus, either Cerman or %orwegian ,eeps the -ish, if the green house is not necessarily on the
immediate left of the white house.
2han,s to <atie )rowe and friends for the second answer JJJ
142)Brain Teaser No : 00223
A #rofessor went to a Museu of Natural 8istor'. She saw the followin! fi"e e$hibits :
1. A prehistoric arrowhead made of copper.
!. 2he fossil s,eleton of a dinosaur no bigger than a chic,en.
". An ancient ;oman coin mar,ed 1!0 $.).
4. A red diamond ring.
5. An ancient >gyptian cat mummy.
2he professor ,new one of these is fa,e. (o you*
Answer
An ancient ;oman coin mar,ed 1!0 $.). is fa,e.
$.). stands for F$efore )hristF. 2he ancient ;oman people did not ,now that they were before
)hrist. or what $.). stands for. 4nfact nobody would ha0e ,new that they were 1!0 years
before )hrist JJJ
143)Brain Teaser No : 00335
Two woen6 H and M6 were sellin! Oran!es in the ar:et. H were sellin! ( oran!es for a
Ru#ee and M were sellin! % oran!es for a Ru#ee.
One da' each of the had (4 oran!es unsold. The' #ut to!ether the two lots of oran!es and
decided to sell ; oran!es for Rs. %. Accordin! to their calculation6 ( oran!es for Rs. 1 and %
oran!es for Rs. 1 was e$actl' the sae as ; oran!es for Rs. %
Now6 the' were e$#ectin! to !et Rs. %; for the oran!es6 as the' would ha"e !ot6 if sold
se#aratel'. But to their sur#rise the' !ot onl' Rs. %3 for the entire lot of the 74 oran!es.
Khere did the one ru#ee !o9
Answer
+oman K was selling " oranges for a ;upee. Hence, the a0erage price of one orange is .1I"/
= ;s. 0.""""
+oman L was selling ! oranges for a ;upee. Hence, the a0erage price of one orange is .1I!/
= ;s. 0.5
%ow they put together D0 oranges. Hence, the a0erage price of one orange is .0.""""@0.5/I!
= ;s. 0.41D5
$ut, they were selling 5 oranges for ;s. !. Hence, the a0erage price of one orange is !I5 = ;s.
0.4
2he differnce is .0.41D5 7 0.4/ = 0.01D5
2here are D0 oranges. Hence .0.01D5 G D0/ = 1
o here is that one rupee. 2hus, one rupee didn't go anywhere, they did their math wrong.
144)Brain Teaser No : 00468
A blindfolded an is as:ed to sit in the front of a carro board. The holes of the board are
shut with lids in rando order6 i.e. an' nuber of all the four holes can be shut or o#en.
Now the an is su##osed to touch an' two holes at a tie and can do the followin!.
&pen the closed hole.
)lose the open hole.
Let the hole be as it is.
After he has done it, the carrom board is rotated and again brought to some position. 2he man is
again not aware of what are the holes which are open or closed.
How many minimum number of turns does the blindfolded man re:uire to either open all the holes or
close all the holes*
%ote that whene0er all the holes are either open or close, there will be an alarm so that the
blindfolded man will ,now that he has won.
Submitted by : Vikrant Ramteke
Answer
The blind"olded man reKuires / turns.
1. &pen two ad8acent holes.
!. &pen two diagonal holes. %ow atleast " holes are open. 4f 4th hole is also open, then
you are done. 4f not, the 4th hole is close.
". )hec, two diagonal holes.
o 4f one is close, open it and all the holes are open.
o 4f both are close, open any one hole. %ow, two holes are open and two are
close. 2he diagonal holes are in the opposite status i.e. in both the diagonals,
one hole is open and one is close.
4. )hec, any two ad8acent holes.
o 4f both are open, close both of them. %ow, all holes are close.
o 4f both are close, open both of them. %ow, all holes are open.
o 4f one is open and one is close, in0ert them i.e. close the open hole and open
the close hole. %ow, the diagonal holes are in the same status i.e. two holes
in one diagonal are open and in other are close.
5. )hec, any two diagonal holes.
o 4f both are open, close both of them. %ow, all holes are close.
o 4f both are close, open both of them. %ow, all holes are open.
145)Brain Teaser No : 00136
Khat are the ne$t two nubers in the series9
(36 ;>6 ;76 746 3%6 ;%6 7;6 96 9
Answer
The ne0t two numbers are 24 and 2*.
2he pattern is B the totals of the letters in the words &%>, 2+&, 2H;>>, -&?;, -4T>, 4K,
>T>%, >4CH2 and %4%> when A=1, $=!, )=", (=4 and so on.
-irst number = 15.&/ @ 14.%/ @ 5.>/ = "4
econd %umber = !0.2/ @ !".+/ @ 15.&/ = 5#
2hird %umber = !0.2/ @ #.H/ @ 1#.;/ @ 5.>/ @ 5.>/ = 5D
-ourth %umber = D.-/ @ 15.&/ @ !1.?/ @ 1#.;/ = D0
-ifth %umber = D.-/ @ E.4/ @ !!.T/ @ 5.>/ = 4!
i'th %umber = 1E./ @ E.4/ @ !4.K/ = 5!
e0enth %umber = 1E./ @ 5.>/ @ !!.T/ @ 5.>/ @ 14.%/ = D5
>ight %umber = 5.>/ @ E.4/ @ 5.C/ @ #.H/ @ !0.2/ = 4E
%inth %umber = 14.%/ @ E.4/ @ 14.%/ @ 5.>/ = 4!
146. There are 20 poles with a constant distance between each pole
A car takes 24 second to reach the 12th pole.
How much will it take to reach the last pole.
Ans: 41.45 seconds (2 marks)
Let the distance between two poles = x
Hence 11x:24::19x:?
147. Ann, Boobie, Cathy and Dave are at their monthly business meeting.
Their occupations are author, biologist, chemist and doctor, but
not necessarily in that order.
Dave just told the biologist that Cathy was on her way with
doughnuts.
Ann is sitting across from the doctor and next to the chemist.
The doctor was thinking that Boobie was a goofy name for parent's
to choose,but didn't say anything.
What is each person's occupation?
Ans: Since Dave spoke to the biologist and Ann sat next to the chemist
and across the doctor, Cathy must be the author
and Ann the biologist.
The doctor didn't speak, but David did, so Bobbie is the doctor
and Dave the chemist.
148)Brain Teaser No : 00264
There is a !irl runnin! fro soe robbers. She holds two solid !old balls each wei!hin! %4
#ounds. She coes to an old ro#e brid!e and a si!n that sa's a$ wei!ht 1(4 #ounds.
@nowin! her wei!ht was 144 #ounds6 she wal:ed across the brid!e with both !old balls6
without the brid!e brea:in!. 8ow did she do that9
Answer
he 8uggled the balls so that one ball was always in the air when she wal,ed across the
bridge.
149)Brain Teaser No : 00101
A an throws an obEect a certain distanceI it sto#s oentaril' and returns. It is not a
booeran! and does not touch an'thin!. 8ow9
Answer
2he man throws the ob8ect 0ertically upward, perpendicular to the ground.
+hen you throw an ob8ect 0ertically up, it stops for a moment and then returns bac,.
150)Brain Teaser No : 00114
E"er'da' in his business a erchant had to wei!h aounts fro 1 :! to 1%1 :!s6 to the
nearest :!. Khat are the iniu nuber of different wei!hts re&uired and how hea"'
should the' be9
Answer
2he minimum number is 5 and they should weigh 1, ", E, !5 and #1 ,gs.
151)Brain Teaser No : 00139
There was a an who had Eust hun! hiself. Khen 'ou search the roo where it ha##end
all 'ou can see is the 'oun! an han!in! and a #uddle of water below hi. There are no
obEects or furniture that could ha"e hel#ed hi to coit suicide.
8ow did he :ill hiself9
Answer
2he man stood on a bloc, of ice. +hen it melted, he hung himself or he 8umped off and hung
himself.
152)Brain Teaser No : 00060
A woan had two sons who were born on the sae hour of the sae da' of the sae onth
of the sae 'ear. But the' were not twins.
8ow could this be so9
Answer
2his is a lateral thin,ing puHHle.
2hey were two of a set of triplets .or :uadruplets, etc./.
2his puHHle stumps many people. 2hey try outlandish solutions in0ol0ing test7tube babies or
surrogate mothers. +hy does the brain search for comple' solutions when there is a much
simpler one a0ailable*
153)Brain Teaser No : 00045
A class of 144 students. %3 of the are !irls and (% are not. Khich base a I usin!9
Answer
Let the base be K.
2herefore
.KGK @ KG0 @ 0/ = .!GK @4/ @ ."GK @ !/
KGK = 5GK @ D
KGK 7 5GK 7D = 0
.K7D/.K@1/ = 0
2herefore base is D
154)Brain Teaser No : 00037
Su##ose I declare : OI a now l'in!.O
A I l'in! or tellin! the truth9
Answer
4t's a 9arado'.
4f you say that he is lying then his declaration becomes true i.e. he is telling truth6 and 4f you
say that he is telling truth then his declaration becomes false i.e. he is lying.
155)Brain Teaser No : 00069
A woan !oes into a hardware store to bu' soethin! for her house. Khen as:ed the #rice6
the cler: re#lies6 Othe #rice of one is twel"e cents6 the #rice of fort'Bfour is twent'Bfour
cents6 and the #rice a hundred and fort'Bfour is thirt'Bsi$ cents.
Khat does the woan want to bu'9
Answer
House numbers.
9rice of one i.e. 1 = 1! cents .as only number 1/
9rice of forty7four i.e. 44 = !4 cents .as there are two numbers/
9rice of a hundred and forty7four i.e. 144 = "D cents .as there are three numbers/
156)Brain Teaser No : 00056
A an is wearin! blac:. Blac: shoes6 soc:s6 trousers6 Eu#er6 !lo"es and balacla"a. 8e is
wal:in! down a blac: street with all the street la#s off. A blac: car is coin! towards hi
with its li!ht off but soehow ana!es to sto# in tie.
8ow did the dri"er see the an9
Answer
2his is a lateral thin,ing puHHle.
4t was day time.
157)Brain Teaser No : 00104
A farer needs > !allons of water. 8e has onl' three unared buc:ets6 two 7 !allon and one
11 !allon buc:et.
8ow can he collect > !allons of water usin! three unar:ed buc:ets9 .ro"ide solution with
inial water wasta!e.
Answer
Here is the solution with 10 gallon water wastage.
(PE,ATI(N9 3 3 ))
-ill D gallon buc,et with water D 0 0
>mpty D gallon buc,et into 11 gallon buc,et 0 0 D
-ill D gallon buc,et with water D 0 D
-ill 11 gallon buc,et to full using filled D gallon buc,et. 2his will lea0e 1 gallon water
in D gallon buc,et
1 0 11
>mpty 11 gallon buc,et into second D gallon buc,et. 1 D 5
>mpty 11 gallon buc,et 7 wastage of 5 gallon water 1 D 0
>mpty second D gallon buc,et into 11 gallon buc,et 1 0 D
-ill seccond D gallon buc,et with water 1 D D
-ill 11 gallon buc,et to full using filled second D gallon buc,et. 2his will lea0e 1
gallon water in second D gallon buc,et
1 1 11
-ill first D gallon buc,et with 1 gallon water which is in second D gallon buc,et ! 0 11
>mpty 11 gallon buc,et into second D gallon buc,et. ! D 5
>mpty 11 gallon buc,et 7 wastage of 5 gallon water ! D 0
-ill 11 gallon buc,et with water in both the D gallon buc,ets 0 0 11
158)Brain Teaser No : 00221
An electric train is !oin! south but the wind is blowin! westward.
Khich direction will the so:e fro the train be blowin!9
Answer
4t is an >lectric 2rain. And >lectric trains do not produce any smo,e. 2herefore there is no
smo,e to be blown
159)Brain Teaser No : 00546
An:it and TeEas di"ided a ba! of A##les between the.
TeEas said6 OItJs not fairT Mou ha"e ( ties as an' A##les I ha"e.O An:it said6 OO@6 I will
!i"e 'ou one A##le for each 'ear of 'our a!e.O TeEas re#lied6 OStill not fair. Now6 'ou ha"e
twice as an' A##les as I ha"e.O ODear6 thatJs fair enou!h as I a twice older than 'ou.O6
said An:it.
An:it went to @itchen to drin: water. Khile An:it was in @itchen6 TeEas too: a##les fro
An:itJs #ile e&ual to An:itJs a!e.
Kho ha"e ore a##les now9
Answer
At the end, An&it and Te'as, both ha+e the same number o" apples.
Let's assume that initially 2e8as got % apples and his age is 2 years. Hence, initially An,it got
"% apples and his age is !2 years.
(peration An&it#s Apples Te'as#s Apples
4nitially "% %
An,it ga0e 2 apples to 2e8as
.e:uals age of 2e8as/
"% W 2 % @ 2
2e8as too, !2 apples from An,it's pile
.e:uals age of An,it/
"% 7 "2 % @ "2
4t is gi0en that after An,it ga0e 2 apples to 2e8as, An,it had twice as many apples as 2e8as
had.
"% 7 2 = !G.% @ 2/
"% 7 2 = !% @ !2
% = "2
-rom the table, at the end An,it ha0e ."% 7 "2/ apples and 2e8as ha0e .% @ "2/ apples.
ubstituting % = "2, we get
An,it's apples = "% 7 "2 = E2 7 "2 = D2
2e8as's apples = % @ "2 = "2 @ "2 = D2
2hus, at the end An,it and 2e8as, both ha0e the same number of apples.
160)Brain Teaser No : 00307
In a sall town6 there are three te#les in a row and a well in front of each te#le. A
#il!ri cae to the town with certain nuber of flowers.
Before enterin! the first te#le6 he washed all the flowers he had with the water of well. To
his sur#rise6 flowers doubled. 8e offered few flowers to the <od in the first te#le and
o"ed to the second te#le. 8ere also6 before enterin! the te#le he washed the reainin!
flowers with the water of well. And a!ain his flowers doubled. 8e offered few flowers to the
<od in second te#le and o"ed to the third te#le. 8ere also6 his flowers doubled after
washin! the with water. 8e offered few flowers to the <od in third te#le.
There were no flowers left when #il!ri cae out of third te#le and he offered sae
nuber of flowers to the <od in all three te#les.
Khat is the iniu nuber of flowers the #il!ri had initiall'9 8ow an' flower did he
offer to each <od9
Answer
The pilgrim had 1 "lowers, initiall$ and he o""ered > "lowers to each Iod.
Assume that the pilgrim had K flowers initially and he offered L flowers to each Cod.
-rom the abo0e figure, there are .#K 7 5L/ flowers when the pilgrim came out of the third
temple. $ut it is gi0en that there were no flowers left when he came out of third temple. 4t
means that
.#K 7 5L/ = 0
#K = 5L
2he minimum 0alues of K and L are 5 and # respecti0ely to satisfy abo0e e:uation. Hence, the
pilgrim had 5 flowers and he offered # flowers to each Cod.
4n general, the pilgrim had 5% flowers initially and he offered #% flowers to each Cod, where %
= 1, !, ", 4, .....
161)Brain Teaser No : 00109
There were two en standin! on a street. The one sa's to the other6 OI ha"e ( dau!hters6 the
#roduct of their a!es is (7. Khat is the a!e of the OADEST dau!hter9O
The second !u' sa's6 OI need ore inforation.O So6 the first !u' sa's6 OThe su of their
a!es is e&ual to the address of the house across the street.O
The second !u' loo:s at the address and sa's6 OI still need ore inforation.O So6 the first
!u' sa's6 OM' oldest dau!hter wears a red dress.O
Answer
2he answer is E years.
-irst you need to find all the possible sets of three numbers that when multiplied e:uals "DB
1 1 "D
1 ! 1#
1 " 1!
1 4 E
1 D D
! ! E
! " D
" " 4
2hen you add the numbers together to find the sum
1 1 "D = "#
1 ! 1# = !1
1 " 1! = 1D
1 4 E = 14
1 D D = 1"
! ! E = 1"
! " D = 11
" " 4 = 10
>0en though we don't ,now the address the guy ,nows it. -or him to need more information
that means that at least two of the sets of numbers has the same sum. 2wo of them do, 1 D D
and ! ! E.
+hen the first guy said that his &L(>2 daugher wears a red dress that meant that there had
to be the oldest. o 1 D D can't possibly be the answer. o the possible possiblity is ! ! E and
the &L(>2 daughter is E years old.
2herefore, the answer is E.
162)Brain Teaser No : 00099
Mou ha"e soeone wor:in! for 'ou for se"en da's and a !old bar to #a' the. The !old bar
is se!ented into se"en connected #ieces. Mou ust !i"e the a #iece of !old at the end of
e"er' da'.
If 'ou are onl' allowed to a:e two brea:s in the !old bar6 how do 'ou #a' 'our wor:er9
Answer
1a,e two brea,s such that you get three segments with 1 piece, ! pieces and 4 pieces and
follow as belowB
(ay 1 B Ci0e a single segment to the wor,er.
(ay ! B As, the wor,er to return the segment you ga0e him on day 1 and gi0e him the
segment with 2wo connected pieces.
(ay " B C40e the wor,er the 1 piece segment you ha0e.
(ay 4 B As, the wor,er to return all pieces he has .one segment and ! segment pieces/ and
gi0e him the segment with 4 pieces on it.
(ay 5 B Ci0e him the the segment with 1 piece.
(ay D B As, him to return the 1 piece segment and gi0e him the segment with two pieces.
(ay 5 B Ci0e him the 1 piece segment you ha0e.
163)Brain Teaser No : 00084
Mou are in a roo with % doors leadin! out. Behind 1 door is a coffer o"erflowin! with
Eewels V !old6 alon! with an e$it. Behind the other door is an enorous6 hun!r' lion that
will #ounce on an'one o#enin! the door. Mou do not :now which door leads to the treasure
V e$it6 V which door leads to the lion.
In the roo 'ou are in6 are % indi"iduals. The first is a :ni!ht6 who alwa's tells the truth6 V
a :na"e6 who alwa's lies. Both of these indi"iduals :now what is behind each door. Mou do
not :now which indi"idual is the :ni!ht6 or which one is the :na"e.
Mou a' as: 1 of the indi"iduals e$actl' 1 &uestion. Khat should 'ou as: in order to be
certain that 'ou will o#en the door with the coffer behind it6 instead of the hun!r' lion9
Answer
2here are ! possible answers for this puHHleB
Answer )G Lou as, one of the indi0iduals what the other one would say if you as,ed him or
her which door you should open to get to the coffer. 4n this case, you would open the other
door.
Answer *G Lou as, one of the indi0iduals what the other one would say if you as,ed him or
her which door is holding bac, the hungry lion. 4n this case, you would open this door.
164)Brain Teaser No : 00524
Aast Saturda' Milan went for the late ni!ht show and cae late. In the ornin! fail'
ebers as:ed hi which o"ie did he see. 8e !a"e different answers to e"er'one.
He told to his father that he had gone to see 1&%>L.
According to his mom, he saw either A&H%L or $A$L?.
His elder brother came to ,now that he saw $HA$4.
2o his sister, he told ;&$&2.
And his grandpa heard that he saw $?%%L.
2hus, 1ilan ga0e si' mo0ie names, all fi0e letter words. $ut he saw some other mo0ie with fi0e letter
word. 1oreo0er, each of the si' mo0ie names mentioned abo0e has e'actly two letters common with
the mo0ie he saw. .with the same positions/
)an you tell which mo0ie did 1ilan see*
Answer
<ilan saw B(BBL.
2he si' mo0ie names are 7 1&%>L, A&H%L, $A$L?, $HA$4, ;&$&2 and $?%%L.
)ompare 1&%>L and A&H%L. 2hey ha0e & common at the second place and L common at
the fifth place. Also, they can't ha0e two different letters each, common with the re:uired
mo0ie as the letters in remaining three places are all different. 2hus, the re:uired mo0ie must
ha0e either & at the second place or L at the fifth place or both.
imilarly, comparing A&H%L and $?%%L 7 the re:uired mo0ie must ha0e either % at the fourth
place or L at the fifth place or both. Also, comparing 1&%>L and $?%%L 7 the re:uired mo0ie
must ha0e either % at the third place or L at the fifth place or both.
-rom the abo0e " deduction, either L is at fifth place or & is at the second place and % is at
the third 3 fourth place. 2he later combination is not possible as $A$L?, $HA$4 3 ;&$&2 will
need at least " other letters which ma,es the re:uired mo0ie D letter long. Hence, the re:uired
mo0ie must ha0e L at the fifth place.
%ow L is not there in $A$L? and $HA$4 at the fifth place and they ha0e only $ common at the
first place. Hence, $ must be the first letter.
As $ is at the first place and L is at the fifth place and e0ery mo0ie has e'actly ! letters
common with the re:uired mo0ie. -rom $?%%L, the re:uired mo0ie do not ha0e ? at the
second place and % at the third and fourth place. %ow loo,ing at A&H%L and 1&%>L, they
must ha0e & common at the second place.
?sing the same ,ind of arguments for $A$L?, $HA$4 and ;&$&2, we can conclude that
1ilan saw $&$$L.
165)Brain Teaser No : 00590
Mou are loc:ed inside a roo with 7 doors B A6 B6 *6 D6 E6 =. Out of which ( are Entrances
onl' and ( are E$its onl'.
One #erson cae in throu!h door = and two inutes later second #erson cae in throu!h
door A. 8e said6 OMou will be set free6 if 'ou #ass throu!h all 7 doors6 each door once onl'
and in correct order. Also6 door A ust be followed b' door B or E6 door B b' * or E6 door
* b' D or =6 door D b' A or =6 door E b' B or D and door = b' * or D.O
After sa'in! that the' both left throu!h door B and unloc:ed all doors. In which order ust
'ou #ass throu!h the doors9
Answer
The correct order is !DDABE
4t is gi0en that one person came in through door - and second person came in through door A.
4t means that door A and door - are >ntrances. Also, they both left through door $. Hence,
door $ is >'it.
As >'it and >ntrance should alter each other and we ,now two >ntrances, let's assume that
the third >ntrance is +. 2hus, there are D possibilities with FXF indicating >'it.
.1/ X+XAX- .!/ X+X-XA ."/ X-X+XA .4/ X-XAX+ .5/ XAX+X- .D/ XAX-X+
As door A must be followed by door $ or > and none of them lead to the door -, .1/ and .D/
are not possible.
Also, door ( must be the >'it as only door ( leads to the door A and door A is the >ntrance.
.!/ X+X-(A ."/ X-X+(A .4/ X-(AX+ .5/ (AX+X-
&nly door ( and door ) lead to the door -. $ut door ( is used. Hence, door ) must be the
>'it and precede door -. Also, the third >'it is $ and the + must be door >.
.!/ $>)-(A ."/ )-$>(A .4/ )-(A$> .5/ (A)>$-
$ut only door $ leads to the door ) and both are >'its. Hence, .!/ and .5/ are not possible.
Also, door - does not lead to door $ 7 discard ."/. Hence, the possible order is .4/ i.e.
)-(A$>.
166)Brain Teaser No : 00012
A #erson tra"els on a c'cle fro hoe to church on a strai!ht road with wind a!ainst hi.
8e too: 3 hours to reach there.
On the wa' bac: to the hoe6 he too: ( hours to reach as wind was in the sae direction.
If there is no wind6 how uch tie does he ta:e to tra"el fro hoe to church9
Answer
Let distance between home and church is (.
A person too, 4 hours to reach church. o speed while tra0elling towards church is (I4.
imilarly, he too, " hours to reach home. o speed while coming bac, is (I".
2here is a speed difference of 5G(I1!, which is the wind helping person in 1 direction, 3
slowing him in the other direction. A0erage the ! speeds, 3 you ha0e the speed that person
can tra0el in no wind, which is 5G(I!4.
Hence, person will ta,e ( I .5G(I!4/ hours to tra0el distance ( which is !4I5 hours.
Answer is " hours !5 minutes 4! seconds
167)Brain Teaser No : 00235
*onsider a nuber %(;6 where last di!it is the su of first two di!its i.e. % F ( , ;.
8ow an' such (Bdi!it nubers are there9
Answer
There are 2/ di""erent %Cdigit numbers.
2he last digit can not be 0.
4f the last digit is 1, the only possible number is 101. .%ote that 011 is not a "7digit number/
4f the last digit is !, the possible numbers are !0! and 11!.
4f the last digit is ", the possible numbers are "0", !1" and 1!".
4f the last digit is 4, the possible numbers are 404, "14, !!4 and 1"4.
4f the last digit is 5, the possible numbers are 505, 415, "!5, !"5 and 145.
%ote the pattern here 7 4f the last digit is 1, there is only one number. 4f the last digit is !, there
are two numbers. 4f the last digit is ", there are three numbers. 4f the last digit is 4, there are
four numbers. 4f the last digit is 5, there are fi0e numbers. And so on.....
2hus, total numbers are
1 @ ! @ " @ 4 @ 5 @ D @ 5 @ # @ E = 45
Altogether then, there are 45 different "7digit numbers, where last digit is the sum of first two
digits.
168)Brain Teaser No : 00422
Khat are the ne$t three nubers in the !i"en series9
4 1 1 % 1 % 1 ( % % 1 ( 1 % % 3 1 ( 1 ( % % 1 9 9 9
Answer
The ne0t three numbers are 2, * and *
2he pattern is 7 the number of factors in prime factoriHation of positi0e integers. %ote that all
prime number positions are 1 in the gi0en series.
Number Prime Dactori7ation Dactors in Prime Dactori7ation
1 1 0
! ! 1
" " 1
4 !G! !
5 5 1
D !G" !
5 5 1
# !G!G! "
E "G" !
10 !G5 !
2hus, the ne't few numbers in the gi0en series areB
4 ! ! " " 1 " 1 5 ! ! ! 4 1 ! ! 4 1 " 1 " " ! 1 5 ! " ! " 1 4 ! 4 ! ! 1 ...
%ote that 1 is neither a 9rime number nor a )omposite number.
169)Brain Teaser No : 00067
Two #lanes ta:e off at the sae e$act oent. The' are fl'in! across the Atlantic. One
lea"es New Mor: and is fl'in! to .aris at ;44 iles #er hour. The other lea"es .aris and is
fl'in! to New Mor: at onl' 3;4 iles #er hour - because of a stron! head wind 2.
Khich one will be closer to .aris when the' eet9
Answer
2hey will both be the same distance from 9aris when they meetJJJ
170)Brain Teaser No : 00152
There is a ri"er and ( #eo#le. Two #eo#le wei!h ;4 lbs and one of the wei!hs 144 lbs. The
onl' wa' 'ou can cross the ri"er is b' usin! a boat.
8ow can the' all cross the ri"er if the boat onl' can hold 144 lbs9
171)Brain Teaser No : 00807
8ow an' #ossible cobinations are there in a ($($( rubics cube9
In other words6 if 'ou wanted to sol"e the rubics cube b' tr'in! different cobinations6 how
an' i!ht it ta:e 'ou -worst case senerio29
8ow an' for a 3$3$3 cube9
Answer
There are 2.%*/* M ):N)4 possible combinations "or %0%0% ,ubics and 1.2:)* M ):N2/
possible combinations "or 20202 ,ubics.
Let's consider "'"'" ;ubics first.
2here are # corner cubes, which can be arranged in #J ways.
>ach of these # cubes can be turned in " different directions, so there are "Y# orientations
altogether. $ut if you get all but one of the corner cube into chosen positions and orientations,
only one of " orientations of the final corner cube is possible. 2hus, total ways corner cubes
can be placed = .#J/ G ."Y#/I# = .#J/ G ."Y5/
imilarly, 1! edge cubes can be arranged in 1!J ways.
>ach of these 1! cubes can be turned in ! different directions, so there are !Y1! orientations
altogether. $ut if you get all but one of the edge cube into chosen positions and orientations,
only one of ! orientations of the final edge cube is possible. 2hus, total ways edge cubes can
be placed = .1!J/ G .!Y1!/I! = .1!J/ G .!Y11/
Here, we ha0e essentially pulled the cubes apart and stuc, cubes bac, in place where0er we
please. 4n reality, we can only mo0e cubes around by turning the faces of the cubes. 4t turns
out that you can't turn the faces in such a way as to switch the positions of two cubes while
returning all the others to their original positions. 2hus if you get all but two cubes in place,
there is only one attainable choice for them .not !J/. Hence, we must di0ide by !.
2otal different possible combinations are
= U.#J/ G ."Y5/V G U.1!J/ G .!Y11/V I !
= .#J/ G ."Y5/ G .1!J/ G .!Y10/
= 4."!5! G 10Y1E
imilarly, for 4'4'4 ;ubics total different possible combinations are
= U.#J/ G ."Y5/V G U.!4J/V G U.!4J/ I .4JYD/V I !4
= 5.4011ED# G 10Y45
%ote that there are !4 edge cubes, which you can not turn in ! orientations .hence no !Y!4 I
!/. Also, there are 4 center cubes per face i.e. .!4J/ I .4JYD/. Lou can switch ! cubes without
affecting the rest of the combination as 4G4G4 has e0en dimensions .hence no di0ision by !/.
$ut pattern on one side is rotated in 4 directions o0er D faces, hence di0ide by !4.
172)Brain Teaser No : 00102
A rich old Arab has three sons. Khen he died6 he willed his 1G caels to the sons6 to be
di"ided as follows:
=irst Son to !et 1+% of the caels Second Son to !et 1+(rd of the caels Third Son to !et
1+Dth of the caels.
The sons are sittin! there tr'in! to fi!ure out how this can #ossibl' be done6 when a "er' old
wise an !oes ridin! b'. The' sto# hi and as: hi to hel# the sol"e their #roble.
Kithout hesitation he di"ides the caels #ro#erl' and continues ridin! on his wa'.
8ow did he do it9
Answer
2he old man temporarily added his camel to the 15, ma,ing a total of 1# camels.
-irst son got 1I! of it = E
econd son got 1I" of it = D
2hird son got 1IE of it = !
-or a total of 15. He then ta,es his camel bac, and rides away......
173)Brain Teaser No : 00002
Ali Baba had four sons6 to who he be&ueathed his (D caels6 with the #ro"iso that the
le!ac' be di"ided in the followin! wa' :
The oldest son was to recei"e one half the #ro#ert'6 the ne$t a &uarter6 the third an ei!hth
and the 'oun!est one tenth. The four brothers were at a loss as how to di"ide the inheritance
aon! thesel"es without cuttin! u# a cael6 until a stran!er a##eared u#on the scene.
Disountin! fro his cael6 he as:ed if he i!ht hel#6 for he :new Eust what to do. The
brothers !ratefull' acce#ted his offer.
Addin! his own cael to Ali BabaJs (D6 he di"ided the 34 as #er the will. The oldest son
recei"ed %46 the ne$t 146 the third ; and the 'oun!est 3. One cael reained : this was his6
which he ounted and rode awa'.
Scratchin! their heads in aaLeent6 the' started calculatin!. The oldest thou!ht : is not %4
!reater than the half of (D9 Soeone ust ha"e recei"ed less than his #ro#er share T But
each brother disco"ered that he had recei"ed ore than his due. 8ow is it #ossible9
Answer
2hey too, their percentages from 40 and not from "E, so they got more than their share.
2he oldest son got 1I! of 40 = !0 which is 0.5 more
2he second son got 1I4 of 40 = 10 which is 0.!5 more
2he third son got 1I# of 40 = 5 which is 0.1!5 more
2he youngest son got 1I10 of 40 = 4 which is 0.1 more
And the stranger got 1I40 of 40 = 1 which is 0.0!5 more .As he is not supposed to get
anything/
All these fractions add to = 0.5 @ 0.!5 @ 0.1!5 @ 0.1 @ 0.0!5 = 1 which stranger too, away.
174)Brain Teaser No : 00065
Because ci!ars cannot be entirel' so:ed6 a Bobo who collects ci!ar butts can a:e a ci!ar
to so:e out of e"er' ( butts that he finds.
Toda'6 he has collected %G ci!ar butts. 8ow an' ci!ars will he be able to so:e9
Answer
)% not 1!
He ma,es E originals from the !5 butts he found, and after he smo,es them he has E butts left
for another " cigars. And then he has " butts for another cigar.
o E@"@1=1"
175)Brain Teaser No : 00289
Mou ha"e 1( balls which all loo: identical. All the balls are the sae wei!ht e$ce#t for one.
Nsin! onl' a balance scale6 can find the odd one out with onl' ( wei!hin!s9
Is it #ossible to alwa's tell if the odd one out is hea"ier or li!hter than the other balls9
Answer
4t is always possible to find odd ball in " weighings and in most of the cases it is possible to tell
whether the odd ball is hea0ier or lighter. &nly in one case, it is not possible to tell the odd ball
is whether hea0ier or lighter.
1. 2a,e # balls and weigh 4 against 4.
o 4f both are not e:ual, goto step !
o 4f both are e:ual, goto step "
!. &ne of these # balls is the odd one. %ame the balls on hea0ier side of the scale as
H1, H!, H" and H4. imilarly, name the balls on the lighter side of the scale as L1, L!,
L" and L4. >ither one of H's is hea0ier or one of L's is lighter. +eigh .H1, H!, L1/
against .H", H4, K/ where K is one ball from the remaining 5 balls in intial weighing.
o 4f both are e:ual, one of L!, L", L4 is lighter. +eigh L! against L".
4f both are e:ual, L4 is the odd ball and is lighter.
4f L! is light, L! is the odd ball and is lighter.
4f L" is light, L" is the odd ball and is lighter.
o 4f .H1, H!, L1/ is hea0ier side on the scale, either H1 or H! is hea0ier. +eight
H1 against H!
4f both are e:ual, there is some error.
4f H1 is hea0y, H1 is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
4f H! is hea0y, H! is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
o 4f .H", H4, K/ is hea0ier side on the scale, either H" or H4 is hea0ier or L1 is
lighter. +eight H" against H4
4f both are e:ual, L1 is the odd ball and is lighter.
4f H" is hea0y, H" is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
4f H4 is hea0y, H4 is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
". &ne of the remaining 5 balls is the odd one. %ame the balls as )1, )!, )", )4, )5.
+eight .)1, )!, )"/ against .K1, K!, K"/ where K1, K!, K" are any three balls from
the first weighing of # balls.
o 4f both are e:ual, one of remaining ! balls is the odd i.e. either )4 or )5.
+eigh )4 with K1
4f both are e:ual, )5 is the odd ball. $ut you can not tell whether it is
hea0ier or lighter.
4f )4 is hea0y, )4 is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
4f )4 is light, )4 is the odd ball and is lighter.
o 4f .)1, )!, )"/ is hea0ier side, one of )1, )!, )" is the odd ball and is
hea0ier. +eigh )1 and )!.
4f both are e:ual, )" is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
4f )1 is hea0y, )1 is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
4f )! is hea0y, )! is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
o 4f .)1, )!, )"/ is lighter side, one of )1, )!, )" is the odd ball and is lighter.
+eigh )1 and )!.
4f both are e:ual, )" is the odd ball and is hea0ier.
4f )1 is light, )1 is the odd ball and is lighter.
4f )! is light, )! is the odd ball and is lighter.
176)Brain Teaser No : 00558
There are four #eo#le in a roo -not includin! 'ou2. E$actl' two of these four alwa's tell
the truth. The other two alwa's lie.
Mou ha"e to fi!ure out who is who IN ONAM % )NESTIONS. Mour &uestions ha"e to be
MES or NO &uestions and can onl' be answered b' one #erson. -If 'ou as: the sae
&uestion to two different #eo#le then that counts as two &uestions2. @ee# in ind that all
four :now each otherJs characteristics whether the' lie or not.
Khat &uestions would 'ou as: to fi!ure out who is who9 Reeber that 'ou can as: onl' %
&uestions.
Answer
07represents a Liar
17represents a 2ruth 2eller
A B C D
-------
0 0 1 1 A and B are Liars
0 1 0 1 A and C are Liars
0 1 1 0 A and D are Liars
1 0 0 1 B and C are Liars
1 0 1 0 B and D are Liars
1 1 0 0 C and D are Liars
As you can see there are D possible cases. 4f you gi0e only yes or no :uestions and get only
yes or no responses the best you can do is eliminate half of the cases for e0ery :uestion
as,ed. 2hat means after as,ing the first :uestion the best .worst case/ scenario you can end
up with is to eliminate all but three cases. 2hat means that the ne't :uestion addresses three
cases and can at best eliminate only 1J
2hat means that you cannot sol0e this in ! :uestions Fgi0ing only yes or no :uestions and get
&%LL yes or no responsesF. 2he tric, is to as, a :uestion that has the potential of being
answered withB FyesF, FnoF, or no response at all.
Dirst Fuestion
As& AG is B a Truth teller AND is ! a -iar.
.As,ing AB does $=1 A%( does )=0/
if answer to first Suestion is L>B then do Z9A;2 1[
if answer to first Suestion is %&B then s,ip to Z9A;2 ![
777777777777777777777Z9A;2 1[777777777777777777777
we ,now it is one of the following scenariosB
A B C D
-------
0 0 1 1
1 1 0 0
0 1 1 0
9econd FuestionG
As& !G -et#s assign a +alue o" : "or e+er$ -iar and a +alue o" ) "or e+er$ Truth teller in
the room. -et#s also suppose that B has a secret number in his head that (N-L ;E
.N(A9. All we &now about this number is that it is greater than :, less than *, and is
not an integer. Aould B sa$ that the sum o" A and B is greater than the secret number
he is thin&ing o"O
.As,ing )B would $ say .A@$/ M n6 where 0MnM! and n is not an integer/
If C answers YES:
A B C D
-------
0 0 1 1 A and B are the Liars
4f A and $ are Liars then their sum .0@0/ will 0. +e ,now the number $ is thin,ing of is greater
than 0. 2herefore $ will lie and say L>. ) will tell us the truth of what $ would say and so he
says L>.
If C answers NO:
A B C D
-------
1 1 0 0 C and D are the Liars
4f A and $ are 2ruth tellers then their sum .1@1/ will !. +e ,now the number $ is thin,ing of is
less than !. 2herefore $ will tell the truth and say L>. H&+>T>;, ) will L4> about what $
will say and his response will be %&.
IF C DOESN'T answer:
A B C D
-------
0 1 1 0 A and D are the Liars
4f A is a liar and $ is a 2ruth teller then their sum .0@1/ will 1. +e ,now the number $ is
thin,ing of is less than ! and greater than 0 but &%LL $ <%&+ for sure what its 0alue is.
2herefore ) does not ,now for sure what $ will say .e0en though he ,nows it will be the truth/.
2herefore ) doesn't answer because if he did he could run the ris, of telling a lie which, of
course, he ne0er does. UALL (&%>V
777777777777777777777Z9A;2 ![777777777777777777777
+e ,now it is one of the following scenariosB
A B C D
-------
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1
9econd FuestionG
As& !G -et#s assign a +alue o" : "or e+er$ -iar and a +alue o" ) "or e+er$ Truth teller in
the room. -et#s also suppose that B has a secret number in his head that (N-L ;E
.N(A9. All we &now about this number is that it is greater than :, less than *, and is
not an integer. Aould B sa$ that the sum o" D and B is greater than the secret number
he is thin&ing o"O
.As,ing )B would $ say .(@$/ M n6 where 0MnM! and n is not an integer/
If C answers YES:
A B C D
-------
1 0 1 0 B and D are the Liars
4f ( and $ are Liars then their sum .0@0/ will 0. +e ,now the number $ is thin,ing of is greater
than 0. 2herefore $ will lie and say L>. ) will tell us the truth of what $ would say and so he
says L>.
If C answers NO:
A B C D
-------
0 1 0 1 A and C are the Liars
4f ( and $ are 2ruth tellers then their sum .1@1/ will !. +e ,now the number $ is thin,ing of is
less than !. 2herefore $ will tell the truth and say L>. H&+>T>;, ) will L4> about what $
will say and his response will be %&.
IF C DOESN'T answer:
A B C D
-------
1 0 0 1 B and C are the Liars
4f $ is a liar and ( is a 2ruth teller then their sum .0@1/ will 1. +e ,now the number $ is
thin,ing of is less than ! and greater than 0 but &%LL $ <%&+ for sure what its 0alue is.
2herefore ) does not ,now for sure what $ will say .e0en though he ,nows it will be a lie/.
2herefore ) doesn't answer because if he did he could run the ris, of telling the truth which, of
course, he ne0er does. UALL (&%>V
2han,s to ;yan Hutcherson JJJ
Here is one more 0alid answer .and much more simpler/ from )armel.
Lets call our people A, $, ) 3 (
2 = always tells the truth
L = always lies
FameF means both liars or both truthtellers.
F(ifferentF means one is a liar and one tells the truth.
Ask D "IF A AND B ARE DIFFERENT, is A a truth-teller?"
If D answers yes,
Ask A "Are B and C the same?"
If A answers yes
A=T, B=L, C=L, D=T
If A answers no
A=L, B=T, C=T, D=L
If D answers no,
Ask A "Are B and D the same?"

If A answers yes
A=T, B=L, C=T, D=L
If A answers no
A=L, B=T, C=L, D=T
If D doesn't answer, then it means that
A and B are the same.
Ask A "Are C & D the same?"
If A answers yes,
A=T, B=T, C=L, D=L
If A answers no,
A=L, B=L, C=T, D=T
>'planationB there are si' different outcomes, you only get ! :uestions. 2he :uestions can
only be answered yes or no. 2here is no stipulation that anyone 1?2 answer a :uestion.
177)Brain Teaser No : 00105
A an is on a search for Atlantis and coes u#on an island where all the inhabitants :now
whether Atlantis is still around or not.
8owe"er6 all of the inhabitants are either =airies or Trolls and the' all use a s#ell to a##ear
huanoid so 'ou cannot tell which is which. And the =aries alwa's tell the truth and the
Trolls alwa's lie6 but there is a sli!ht co#lication6 soe of the =airies ha"e !one insane
and alwa's lie and soe of the Trolls ha"e also !one insane and alwa's tell the truth.
So here is 'our tas:: 'ou ust as: the first inhabitant that 'ou coe to ONE &uestion and
fro that ONE &uestion 'ou ust deterine wether Atlantis is still around or not.
Khat is the &uestion that 'ou ust as:9
Answer
2here are ! answers to itB
Answer IF4s the statement that you are reliable e:ui0alent to the statement that Atlantis is still
around*F
Answer IIF(o you belie0e that the tatement that you are a -airy is e:ui0alent to the
statement that Atlantis is still around*F
178)Brain Teaser No : 00450
Mesterda' in a #art'6 I as:ed Mr. Shah his birthda'. Kith a ischie"ous !lint in his e'es he
re#lied. OThe da' before 'esterda' I was >( 'ears old and ne$t 'ear I will be >7.O
*an 'ou fi!ure out what is the Date of Birth of Mr. Shah9 Assue that the current 'ear is
%444.
Answer
<r. 9hah#s date o" birth is %) December, )4)/
2oday is 1 Aanuary, !000. 2he day before yesterday was "0 (ecember, 1EEE and 1r. hah
was #" on that day. 2oday i.e. 1 Aanuary, !000 7 he is #4. &n "1 (ecember !000, he will be
#5 and ne't year i.e. "1 (ecember, !001 7 he will be #D. Hence, the date of birth is "1
(ecember, 1E15.
1any people do thin, of Leap year and date of birth as !Eth -ebruary as !000 is the Leap
year and there is difference of " years in 1r. hah's age. $ut that is not the answer.
179)Brain Teaser No : 00055
A an and his son are in a car accident. The father dies on the scene6 but the child is rushed
to the hos#ital. Khen he arri"es the sur!eon sa's6 OI canJt o#erate on this bo'6 he is ' sonTO
8ow can this be9
Answer
2his is a lateral thin,ing puHHle.
2he surgeon was his mother.
Also, the doctor could be the boy's biological father, and the man in the car could be the step
or legal father.
180)Brain Teaser No : 00243
A an bou!ht a #arrot at a #etBsho#. The owner of the sho# !uaranteed the #arrot could
re#eat an' word it hears. The an bou!ht the #arrot.
It ne"er s#o:e a word. But6 the owner of the store s#o:e the absolute truth. It could re#eat
an' word it heard.
Kh' didnJt it tal:9
Answer
2he parrot was deaf.
2he pet7shop owner guaranteed that the parrot could repeat any word that it hears, but if he
couldn't hear, he couldn't repeat.
2he other possible answer is the man was mute. As he could not spea,, there was nothing to
hear and hence the parrot ne0er spo,e a word.
181)Brain Teaser No : 00591
In 1DD46 a #erson is 1; 'ears old. In 1DD;6 that sae #erson is 14 'ears old.
8ow is this #ossible9
Answer
The time is B! 6Be"ore !hrist8 i.e. $ears are counted bac&wards.
2he years are counted bac,wards in $). 4n 1EE5 $), the person would be 10 years old. 5
years later the time would ha0e been 1EE0 $) and the person would be 15 years old.
182)Brain Teaser No : 00226
A bus dri"er was !oin! down a street. 8e was on the wron! side. 8e went at a sto# si!n and
didnJt si!nal at a turn. 8e went under the iniu s#eed and 'et he didnJt !et in trouble for
his actions.
K8M not9
Answer
He was +al,ing. He is a $us dri0er. $ut it does not say that he was dri0ing.
183)Brain Teaser No : 00057
One da' @err' celebrated her birthda'. Two da's later her older twin brother6 Terr'6
celebrated his birthda'.
8ow9 Note that the' both celebrated their birthda' on their actual birthda's.
Answer
2his is a lateral thin,ing puHHle.
At the time she went into labor, the mother of the twins was tra0eling by boat. 2he older twin,
2erry, was born first early on 1arch 1st. 2he boat then crossed a time Hone and <erry, the
younger twin, was born on -ebruary the !#th. 2herefore, the younger twin celebrates her
birthday two days before her older brother.
2here is one more answer submitted by $eano.
he ob0iously had an older set of twin brothers and their birthday was ! days after hers, they
8ust didn't mention that it was also her other twin brothers birthday.
Also, according to ;obbie 2+4% (&%2 HAT> 2& HAT> 2H> A1> $4;2H(ALJ &1>
2+4% A;> $&;% "00 (AL A9A;2 JJJ
184)Brain Teaser No : 00011
Khen Ale$ander the <reat attac:ed the forces of .orus6 an Indian soldier was ca#tured b'
the <ree:s. 8e had dis#la'ed such bra"er' in battle6 howe"er6 that the ene' offered to let
hi choose how he wanted to be :illed. The' told hi6 OIf 'ou tell a lie6 'ou will #ut to the
sword6 and if 'ou tell the truth 'ou will be han!ed.O
The soldier could a:e onl' one stateent. 8e ade that stateent and went free. Khat did
he sa'9
Answer
2he soldier said, FLou will put me to the sword.F
2he soldier has to say a 9arado' to sa0e himself. 4f his statement is true, he will be hanged,
which is not the sword and hence false. 4f his statement is false, he will be put to the sword,
which will ma,e it true. A 9arado' JJJ
185)Brain Teaser No : 00800
There are 3 atheaticians B Braha6 Sachin6 .rashant and Na:ul B ha"in! lunch in a hotel.
Suddenl'6 Braha thin:s of % inte!er nubers !reater than 1 and sa's6 OThe su of the
nubers is...O and he whis#ers the su to Sachin. Then he sa's6 OThe #roduct of the
nubers is...O and he whis#ers the #roduct to .rashant. After that followin! con"ersation
ta:es #lace :
Sachin : .rashant6 I donJt thin: that we :now the nubers.
.rashant : AhaT6 now I :now the nubers.
Sachin : Oh6 now I also :now the nubers.
Na:ul : Now6 I also :now the nubers.
Khat are the nubers9 E$#lain 'our answer.
Answer
The numbers are 2 and )%.
As achin is initially confident that they .i.e. he and 9rashant/ don't ,now the numbers, we can
conclude that 7
1/ 2he sum must not be e'pressible as sum of two primes, otherwise achin could not ha0e
been sure in ad0ance that 9rashant did not ,now the numbers.
!/ 2he product cannot be less than 1!, otherwise there would only be one choice and
9rashant would ha0e figured that out also.
uch possible sum are 7 11, 15, !", !5, !E, "5, "5, 41, 45, 51, 5", 55, 5E, D5, D5, 51, 55, 5E,
#", #5, #E, E", E5, E5, 101, 105, 11", 115, 11E, 1!1, 1!", 1!5, 1!5, 1"1, 1"5, 1"5, 14", 145,
145, 14E, 155, 155, 1D1, 1D", 1D5, 151, 15", 155, 15E, 1#5, 1#5, 1#E, 1E1, 1E5, ....
Let's e'amine them one by one.
4f the sum of two numbers is 11, achin will thin, that the numbers would be .!,E/, .",#/, .4,5/
or .5,D/.
achin B FAs 11 is not e'pressible as sum of two primes, 9rashant can't ,now the numbers.F
Here, the product would be 1#.!GE/, !4."G#/, !#.4G5/ or "0.5GD/. 4n all the cases e'cept for
product "0, 9rashant would ,now the numbers.
7 if product of two numbers is 1#B
9rashant B Fince the product is 1#, the sum could be either 11.!,E/ or E.",D/. $ut if the sum
was E, achin would ha0e deduced that 4 might ,now the numbers as .!,5/ is the possible
prime numbers pair. Hence, the numbers must be ! and E.F .&; in otherwords, E is not in the
9ossible um List/
7 if product of two numbers is !4B
9rashant B Fince the product is !4, the sum could be either 14.!,1!/, 11.",#/ or 10.4,D/. $ut
14 and 10 are not in the 9ossible um List. Hence, the numbers must be " and #.F
7 if product of two numbers is !#B
9rashant B Fince the product is !#, the sum could be either 1D.!,14/ or 11.4,5/. $ut 1D is not
in the 9ossible um List. Hence, the numbers must be 4 and 5.F
7 if product of two numbers is "0B
9rashant B Fince the product is "0, the sum could be either 15.!,15/, 1".",10/ or 11.5,D/. $ut
1" is not in the 9ossible um List. Hence, the numbers must be either .!,15/ or .5,D/.F Here,
9rashant won't be sure of the numbers.
Hence, 9rashant will be sure of the numbers if product is either 1#, !4 or !#.
achin B Fince 9rashant ,nows the numbers, they must be either .",#/, .4,5/ or .5,D/.F $ut he
won't be sure. Hence, the sum is not 11.
ummerising data for sum 11B
Possible 9um P,(DU!T Possible 9um
!@E 1# !@E=11 .possible/
"@D=E
"@# !4 !@1!=14
"@#=11 .possible/
4@D=10
4@5 !# !@1!=14
"@#=11 .possible/
4@D=10
5@D "0 !@15=15 .possible/
"@10=1"
5@D=11 .possible/
-ollowing the same procedure for 15B
Possible 9um P,(DU!T Possible 9um
!@15 "0 !@15=15 .possible/
"@10= 1"
5@D=11 .possible/
"@14 4! !@!1=!" .possible/
"@14=15 .possible/
D@5=1"
4@1" 5! !@!D=!#
4@1"=15 .possible/
5@1! D0 !@"0="!
"@!0=!" .possible/
4@15=1E
5@1!=15 .possible/
D@10=1D
D@11 DD !@""="5 .possible/
"@!!=!5
D@11=15 .possible/
5@10 50 !@"5="5 .possible/
5@14=1E
5@10=15 .possible/
#@E 5! !@"D="#
"@!4=!5 .possible/
4@1#=!!
D@1!=1#
#@E=15 .possible/
Here, 9rashant will be sure of the numbers if the product is 5!.
achin B Fince 9rashant ,nows the numbers, they must be .4,1"/.F
-or all other numbers in the 9ossible um List, 9rashant might be sure of the numbers but
achin won't.
Here is the step by step e'plainationB
achin B FAs the sum is 15, two numbers can be either .!,15/, .",14/, .4,1"/, .5,1!/, .D,11/,
.5,10/ or .#,E/. Also, as none of them is a prime numbers pair, 9rashant won't be ,nowing
numbers either.F
9rashant B Fince achin is sure that both of us don't ,now the numbers, the sum must be one
of the 9ossible um List. -urther, as the product is 5!, two numbers can be either .!,!D/ or
.4,1"/. $ut if they were .!,!D/, achin would not ha0e been sure in ad0ance that 4 don't ,now
the numbers as !# .!@!D/ is not in the 9ossible um List. Hence, two numbers are 4 and 1".F
achin B FAs 9rashant now ,nows both the numbers, out of all possible products 7 "0.!,15/,
4!.",14/, 5!.4,1"/, D0.5,1!/, DD.D,11/, 50.5,10/, 5!.#,E/ 7 there is one product for which list of
all possible sum contains &%LL &%> sum from the 9ossible um List. And also, no such two
lists e'ist. Usee table abo0e for 15V Hence, two numbers are 4 and 1".F
%a,ul figured out both the numbers 8ust as we did by obser0ing the con0ersation between
achin and 9rashant.
4t is interesting to note that there are no other such two numbers. +e chec,ed all the possible
sums till 500 JJJ
186)Brain Teaser No : 00311
Re#lace the letters with the correct nubers.
T W O
X T W O
---------
T H R E E
Answer
T@), A@%, (@>, ;@4, ,@*, E@2
1 3 8
x 1 3 8
------------
1 9 0 4 4
Lou can reduce the number of trials. 2 must be 1 as there is multiplication of 2 with 2 in
hundred's position. Also, & can not be 0 or 1. %ow, you ha0e to find three digit number whose
s:uare satisfies abo0e conditions and s:uare of that has same last two digits. Hence, it must
be between 10! and 1"E.
187)Brain Teaser No : 00417
Deci#her this sentence.
H S E N O W S J S U D, Z Q' T
E R K V Z K W Z T J; H S E N O W S J
Q A S, Z Q' T W D T D K W H P
Answer
tart with NS'2 it must be Fit'sF. 2hat lea0es >;<TN<+N2A ending with FisXF. 2he last letter
must be FmF .as FtF or FhF is not possible after few try/. 4t lea0es 47letter word &+A ending
with FmF. 2ry some common words and FfromF will fit. imilarly, try some trial7n7error for the
remaining words.
H S E N O W S J S U D, Z Q' T
c o p y f r o m o n e, i t' s

E R K V Z K W Z T J; H S E N O W S J
p l a f i a r i s m; c o p y f r o m

Q A S, Z Q' T W D T D K W H P
t w o, i t' s r e s e a r c h
188)Brain Teaser No : 00510
Substitute di!its for the letters to a:e the followin! addition #roble true.
W H O S E
T E E T H
A R E
+ A S
-------------------
S W O R D S
%ote that the leftmost letter can't be Hero in any word. Also, there must be a one7to7one mapping
between digits and letters. e.g. if you substitute " for the letter H, no other letter can be " and all
other H in the puHHle must be ".
Answer
4t is ob0ious that =1 and 2=E.
Also, .H @ >/ should be greater than 10 and hence, .> @ H @ >/ must !0. 2hus, there are "
possible 0alues for .>, H/ pairB .D, #/ or .5, D/ or .#, 4/. ?se trial7n7error and e0erything will fit7
in.
W H O S E 2 8 5 1 6
T E E T H 9 6 6 9 8
A R E 4 7 6
+ A S + 4 1
------------------- -------------------
S W O R D S 1 2 5 7 3 1
189)Brain Teaser No : 00191
Deci#her this sentence.
B R W Q H L F K W H J K Q I B W K
Q I C E D W Z B G W K K M I K E
Z B G Q H S K Z B G J K Z K W
B U U Z B G J D B H F W.
Answer
tart with N$C and N$CA. 4t should be either FtheIthenF or FyouIyourF combination as they
appear more.
B R W Q H L F K W H J K Q I B W K
o b s t a c l e s a r e t h o s e
Q I C E D W Z B G W K K M I K E
t h i n g s y o u s e e w h e n
Z B G Q H S K Z B G J K Z K W
y o u t a k e y o u r e y e s
B U U Z B G J D B H F W.
o f f y o u r g o a l s.
d
189)Brain Teaser No : 00020
Multi#l' b' G the nuber of >Js iediatel' followed b' (6 but not b' ;6 in the nuber
below:
(>17;3G>(%D>;13%>;>(>(>;G(GD>(%;7D31>(G34>(%7
Answer
2his is simple one.
imply count the occurrence of #"
2here are D .si'/ #'s followed by "
%ow multiply it by 5
Hence the answer is 4!.
190)Brain Teaser No : 00119
Ne$t nuber in the series is 16 %6 36 1(6 (16 11%6 9
Answer
**2
A tough one. $ut analyse the series carefully. %o number has digits more than 4. o try to
con0ert them to decimal numbers from base 5 numbers. .8ust try that/ o it turns out to beB
1, !, 4, #, 1D , "! , *
Cot it JJJ %e't number should be D4. $ut all numbers in actual series are base 5 numbers o
con0ert D4 to base 5 and that is !!4.
191)Brain Teaser No : 00351
If 7 $ 3 , 1%
> $ 7 , (%
11 $ > , 77
then 14 $ 14 , 99
Answer
>:
2he pattern is multiply the first number by second after reducing second number by !. &ne
can 0iew is as followB
D ' .4 7 !/ = 1!
# ' .D 7 !/ = "!
11 ' .# 7 !/ = DD
10 ' .10 7 !/ = #0
192)Brain Teaser No : 00094
There are ( ants at ( corners of a trian!le6 the' randol' start o"in! towards another
corner.
Khat is the #robabilit' that the' donJt collide9
Answer
Let's mar, the corners of the triangle as A,$,). 2here are total # ways in which ants can mo0e.
1. A7M$, $7M), )7MA
!. A7M$, $7M), )7M$
". A7M$, $7MA, )7MA
4. A7M$, $7MA, )7M$
5. A7M), )7M$, $7MA
D. A7M), )7M$, $7M)
5. A7M), )7MA, $7MA
#. A7M), )7MA, $7M)
&ut of which, there are only two cases under which the ants won't collide B
A7M$, $7M), )7MA
A7M), )7M$, $7MA
2herefore, probability of ants not colliding B !I# = 1I4
193)Brain Teaser No : 00181
8ow do 'ou cut a s&uare ca:e into > e&ual #iece onl' usin! ( strai!ht cuts9
Note that 'ou can not o"e the #ieces as 'ou cut the ca:e.
Answer
)ut ca,e into 4 :uarters by ! 0ertical cuts which are perpendicular to each other. %ow slice the
ca,e horiHontially which ma,es total # pieces.
194)Brain Teaser No : 00180
Khich nuber in the series does not fit in the !i"en series:
1 3 ( 17 7 (7 G 73 D 144
Answer
2his is a series with odd positions containing position number whereas e0en positions
containing s:uare of the position.i.e. e0en position numbers are 4 1D "D D4 100 and odd
position numbers are 1 " 5 5 E
Hence, D does not fit in the series. 4t should be 5.
195)Brain Teaser No : 00406
Khat is the fourBdi!it nuber in which the first di!it is 1+( of the second6 the third is the
su of the first and second6 and the last is three ties the second9
Answer
The 2 digit number is )%24.
4t is gi0en that the first digit is 1I" of the second. 2here are " such possibilities.
1. 1 and "
!. ! and D
". " and E
%ow, the third digit is the sum of the first and second digits.
1. 1 @ " = 4
!. ! @ D = #
". " @ E = 1!
4t is clear that option " is not possible. o we are left with only two options. Also, the last digit
is three times the second, which rules out the second option. Hence, the answer is 1"4E.
196)Brain Teaser No : 00030
A certain street has 1444 buildin!s. A si!nBa:er is contracted to nuber the houses fro 1
to 1444. 8ow an' Leroes will he need9
Answer
The signCma&er will need )4* 7eroes.
(i0ide 1000 building numbers into groups of 100 each as followB
.1..100/, .101..!00/, .!01.."00/, ....... .E01..1000/
-or the first group, sign7ma,er will need 11 Heroes.
-or group numbers ! to E, he will re:uire !0 Heroes each.
And for group number 10, he will re:uire !1 Heroes.
2he total numbers of Heroes re:uired are = 11 @ #G!0 @ !1 = 11 @ 1D0 @ !1 = 1E!
197)Brain Teaser No : 00446
Khat are the ne$t % nubers in the #attern9
%6 G6 B16 146 B36 1(6 P6 P
Answer
The ne0t two number are C1 and )3
2he pattern is B 2o get odd position number, subtract " from the pre0ious odd position number.
imilarly, to get e0en position number, add " to the pre0ious e0en position number.
2he odd position numbers are B !, 71, 74
2he ne't odd position numbers are B 75, 710, 71" and so on.
2he e0en position numbers are B 5, 10, 1"
2he ne't e0en position numbers are B 1D, 1E, !! and so on.
Hence the series is !, 5, 71, 10, 74, 1", 75, 1D, 710, 1E ....
198)Brain Teaser No : 00472
If it is !i"en that:
%; B % , (
144 $ % , %4
(7 + ( , %
Khat is 133 B ( , 9
Answer
2here are " possible answers to it.
Answer ) G 4
imply replace the first number by its s:uare root.
.!5/ 5 7 ! = "
.100/ 10 ' ! = !0
."D/ D I " = !
.144/ 1! 7 " = E
Answer * G ))
(rop the digit in the tens position from the first number.
.!/ 5 7 ! = "
1 .0/ 0 ' ! = !0
."/ D I " = !
1 .4/ 4 7 " = 11
Lou will get the same answer on remo0ing left and right digit alternati0ely from the first number
i.e remo0e left digit from first .!/, right digit from second .0/, left digit from third ."/ and right
digit from forth .4/.
.!/ 5 7 ! = "
10 .0/ ' ! = !0
."/ D I " = !
14 .4/ 7 " = 11
Answer % G )2
(rop left and right digit alternati0ely from the actual answer.
!5 7 ! = .!/ " .drop left digit i.e. !/
100 G ! = !0 .0/ .drop right digit i.e. 0/
"D I " = .1/ ! .drop left digit i.e. 1/
144 7 " = 14 .1/ .drop right digit i.e. 1/
199)Brain Teaser No : 00359
AetJs sa' that 'ou were a bus dri"er. At the 1st sto# 14 #eo#le !ot on the bus6 %nd sto# (
#eo#le !ot on the bus and % !ot off6 (rd sto# %( #eo#le !ot on and D !ot off6 3th sto# ;(
#eo#le !ot on6 ;th sto# (4 #eo#le !ot off another % #eo#le !ot off and then !ot bac: on6 and
3 !ot on at this bus sto#. Now at the last sto# before the bus cae to its final destination %D
#eol#e !ot on and %( #eo#le !ot on.
Khat was the bus dri"ers nae9
Answer
Lour Name.
4n the beginning of the riddle, it says FLet's say that you were a bus dri0er.F o you are the $us
(ri0er and your name is the answer to this riddle.
200)Brain Teaser No : 00370
Mou ha"e 13 a##les. Mour =riend Mar!e ta:es awa' ( and !i"es 'ou %. Mou dro# G but #ic:
u# 3. Bret ta:es 3 and !i"es ;. Mou ta:e one fro Mar!e and !i"e it to Bret in e$chan!e for
( ore. Mou !i"e those ( to Mar!e and she !i"es 'ou an a##le and an oran!e. =ran: coes
and ta:es the a##le Mar!e !a"e 'ou and !i"es 'ou a #ear. Mou !i"e the #ear to Bret in
e$chan!e for an a##le. =ran: then ta:es an a##le fro Mar!e6 !i"es it to Bret for an oran!e6
!i"es 'ou the oran!e for an a##le.
8ow an' #ears do 'ou ha"e9
Answer
None
-ran, ga0e you a pear in e'change of the apple which 1arge ga0e you. And you ga0e that
pear to $ret in e'change for an apple. All the others e'changes in0ol0ed apples andIor
organges.
201)Brain Teaser No : 00294
A cha#ion wei!ht lifter has a brother thatJs a doctor6 but the sae doctor doesnJt ha"e a
brother. 8ow are the' related then9
Answer
The champion weight li"ter is a sister o" the doctor i.e. the$ are Brother and 9ister
2he champion weight lifter is a +oman. Her brother is a doctor. 2he doctor doesn't ha0e a
brother, but a sister.
202)Brain Teaser No : 00209
If toda' is Kednesda'6 what is one da' before the da'6 after the da'6 three da's after the da'
before 'esterda'9
Answer
Thursda$
tart bac,wards.
2oday is +ednesday.
2he day before yesterday is 1onday.
2hree days after 1onday is 2hursday.
2he day after 2hursday is -riday
2he day before -riday is 2hursday.
Also, note that the first two conditions cancel each other out as one day before the day, one
day after the day is the same day. Hence, it can be reduced to Fthree days after the day before
yesterdayF.
203)Brain Teaser No : 00459
8ow an' onths ha"e %D da's in 'ear %4449
Khich onth-s29
Answer
All 1! months ha0e !E days in year !000.
204)Brain Teaser No : 00658
Mou ha"e four DJs and 'ou a' use an' of the -F6 B6 +6 ?2 as an' ties as 'ou li:e. I want to
see a atheatical e$#ression which uses the four DJs to , 144
8ow an' such e$#ressions can 'ou a:e9
Answer
2here are 5 such e'pressions.
EE @ .EIE/ = 100
.EEI.EE/ = 100
.EI.E/ G .EI.E/ = 100
..EGE/ @ E/I.E = 100
.EE7E/I.E = 100
205)Brain Teaser No : 00237
A !irl has a certain nuber of #ets. All but two are do!s6 all but two are cats and all but two
are !oats.
8ow an' #ets does this !irl ha"e9
Answer
2he answer is " i.e. 1 dog, 1 cat and 1 goat
4t says Fall but two are dogsF, which means that ! are not dog. imilarly, ! are not cat and !
are not goat. 2hus solution is there are " pets out of which one is dog, one is cat and one is
goat.
Also, there is one more aspect to it. 2he girl might ha0e only ! pets and none of them is dog or
cat or goat.
206)Brain Teaser No : 00300
A bo' !oes into a sho# to bu' soe sweets. 8e uses a W1 coin and bu's 34# worth of
sweets. The sho# assistant !i"es hi two coins for his chan!e.
One of the was not a ;4# so how could the bo' ha"e !otten his e$act chan!e9
Answer
&ne of them was 10p and the other one was 50p.
2he boy got two coins, 50p and 10p. &ne of them was not a 50p. $ut the other one was.
207)Brain Teaser No : 00274
=ind all sets of consecuti"e inte!ers that add u# to 1444.
Answer
2here are total # such seriesB
1. um of !000 numbers starting from 7EEE i.e. summation of numbers from 7EEE to
1000.
.7EEE/ @ .7EE#/ @ .7EE5/ @ ..... @ .71/ @ 0 @ 1 @ ! @ ..... @ EE5 @ EE# @ EEE @ 1000 =
1000
!. um of 400 numbers starting from 71E5 i.e. summation of numbers from 71E5 to !0!.
.71E5/ @ .71ED/ @ .71E5/ @ ..... @ .71/ @ 0 @ 1 @ ! @ ..... @ 1EE @ !00 @ !01 @ !0! = 1000
". um of 1!5 numbers starting from 754 i.e. summation of numbers from 754 to 50.
.754/ @ .75"/ @ .75!/ @ ..... @ .71/ @ 0 @ 1 @ ! @ ..... @ D# @ DE @ 50 = 1000
4. um of #0 numbers starting from 7!5 i.e. summation of numbers from 7!5 to 5!.
.7!5/ @ .7!D/ @ .7!5/ @ ..... @ .71/ @ 0 @ 1 @ ! @ ..... @ 50 @ 51 @ 5! = 1000
5. um of !5 numbers starting from !# i.e. summation of numbers from !# to 5!.
!# @ !E @ "0 @ "1 @ "! @ "" @ "4 @ "5 @ "D @ "5 @ "# @ "E @ 40 @ 41 @ 4! @ 4" @ 44 @
45 @ 4D @ 45 @ 4# @ 4E @ 50 @ 51 @ 5! = 1000
D. um of 1D numbers starting from 55 i.e. summation of numbers from 55 to 50.
55 @ 5D @ 55 @ 5# @ 5E @D0 @ D1 @ D! @ D" @ D4 @ D5 @ DD @ D5 @ D# @ DE @ 50 = 1000
5. um of 5 numbers starting from 1E# i.e. summation of numbers from 1E# to !0!.
1E# @ 1EE @ !00 @!01 @ !0! = 1000
#. um of 1 number starting from 1000.
1000 = 1000
208)Brain Teaser No : 00348
There are 14 stateents written on a #iece of #a#er:
1. At least one of statements E and 10 is true.
!. 2his either is the first true or the first false statement.
". 2here are three consecuti0e statements, which are false.
4. 2he difference between the numbers of the last true and the first true statement di0ides the
number, that is to be found.
5. 2he sum of the numbers of the true statements is the number, that is to be found.
D. 2his is not the last true statement.
5. 2he number of each true statement di0ides the number, that is to be found.
#. 2he number that is to be found is the percentage of true statements.
E. 2he number of di0isors of the number, that is to be found, .apart from 1 and itself/ is greater
than the sum of the numbers of the true statements.
10. 2here are no three consecuti0e true statements.
-ind the minimal possible number*
Answer
The numebr is 2*:.
4f statement D is false, it creates a parado'. Hence, 9tatement 3 must be true.
)onsider tatement !B
4f it is true, it must be the first true statement. &therwise, it creates a parado'.
4f it is false, it must be the second false statement. &therwise, it creates a parado'.
4n both the cases, 9tatement ) is "alse.
As tatement 1 is false, 9tatement 4 and 9tatement ): both are "alse i.e. there are three
consecuti0e true statements.
1 ! " 4 5 D 5 # E 10
-alse 7 7 7 7 2rue 7 7 -alse -alse
LetO's assume that tatement " is false i.e. there are no three consecuti0e false statements. 4t
means that tatement ! and tatement # must be true, else there will be three consecuti0e
false statements.
1 ! " 4 5 D 5 # E 10
-alse 2rue -alse 7 7 2rue 7 2rue -alse -alse
Also, atleast two of tatements 4, 5 and 5 must be true as there are three consecuti0e true
statements.
According to tatement #, the number that is to be found is the percentage of true statements.
Hence, number is either 50 or D0. %ow if tatement 5 is true, then the number of each true
statement di0ides the number, that is to be found. $ut 5 and # do not di0ide either 50 or D0.
Hence, tatement 5 is false which means that tatement 4 and 5 are true. $ut tatement 5
contradicts the tatement #. Hence, our assumption that tatement " is false is wrong and
9tatement % is true i.e. there are " consecuti0e false statements which means that
9tatement > is "alse as there is no other possibilities of " consecuti0e false statements.
Also, 9tatement 1 is true as tatement D is not the last true statement.
1 ! " 4 5 D 5 # E 10
-alse 7 2rue 7 7 2rue 2rue -alse -alse -alse
According to tatement 5, the number of each true statement di0ides the number, that is to be
found. And according to tatement 5, the sum of the numbers of the true statements is the
number, that is to be found. -or all possible combinations 9tatement / is "alse.
2here " consecuti0e true statements. Hence, 9tatement * and 9tatement 2 are true.
1 ! " 4 5 D 5 # E 10
-alse 2rue 2rue 2rue -alse 2rue 2rue -alse -alse -alse
%ow, the conditions for the number to be found areB
1. 2he numebr is di0isible by 5 .tatement 4/
!. 2he numebr is di0isible by !, ", 4, D, 5 .tatement 5/
". 2he number of di0isors of the number, that is to be found, .apart from 1 and itself/ is
not greater than the sum of the numbers of the true statements. .tatement E/
The minimum possible number is 2*:.
2he di0isors of 4!0, apart from 1 and itself are !, ", 4, 5, D, 5, 10, 1!, 14, 15, !0, !1, !#, "0,
"5, 4!, D0, 50, #4, 105, 140, !10. 2here are total of !! di0isors. Also, the sum of the numbers
of the true statements is !! .!@"@4@D@5=!!/, which satisfies the third condition.
209)Brain Teaser No : 00428
Mr. H wants to send Diaond Nec:lace to his fiancee M who li"es in soe other countr'.
Mr. H #uts the Diaond Nec:lace inside a bo$ to #arcel. Note that:
1. 2he parcel must be loc,ed.
!. 2he bo' is made up of such a material that nobody can brea, it.
". 2he bo' has a handle large enough to put a loc, on it.
4. 1r. K can not send a ,ey with the parcel.
5. )ombination loc,s and telephones are not a0ailable.
How will 1r. K send (iamond %ec,lace to his fiancee L*
Answer
1r. K and his fiancee L will follow the following steps.
1. 1r. K will put (iamond %ec,lace inside a bo' and will loc, it.
!. He will send the parcel to his fiancee L, without the ,ey.
". L will put her loc, on it and will send bo' bac, to 1r. K.
4. 1r. K will remo0e his loc, and will send the bo' bac, to L.
5. L will remo0e her loc, and will recei0e the %ec,lace.
210)Brain Teaser No : 00455
=ind the reainder of -%Un2+n
Answer
2here is no regular pattern as such, the remainder 8ust depends on the 0alue of n.
4f n is the power of ! .i.e 1, !, 4, #, .../, the ramainder is 0.
4f n is the prime number and not the power of ! .i.e. ", 5, 5, 11, 1", .../, the ramainder
is !.
-or remaining cases li,e, e0en numbers other than the power of ! and odd numbers other
than the prime numbers, there is no regular pattern. 4f you get such pattern, do let all ,now JJJ
211)Brain Teaser No : 00752
TicBTacBToe is bein! #la'ed. One JHJ has been #laced in one of the corners. No JOJ has been
#laced 'et.
Khere does the #la'er that is #la'in! JOJ has to #ut his first JOJ so that JHJ doesnJt win9
Assue that both #la'ers are "er' intelli!ent. E$#lain 'our answer.
Answer
H(H should be placed in the center.
Let's number the positions asB
1 | 2 | 3
---------
4 | 5 | 6
---------
7 | 8 | 9
4t is gi0en that FKF is placed in one of the corner position. Let's assume that its at position 1.
%ow, let's ta,e each position one by one.
4f F&F is placed in position !, FKF can always win by choosing position 4, 5 or 5.
4f F&F is placed in position ", FKF can always win by choosing position 4, 5 or E.
4f F&F is placed in position 4, FKF can always win by choosing position !, " or 5.
4f F&F is placed in position D, FKF can always win by choosing position ", 5 or 5.
4f F&F is placed in position 5, FKF can always win by choosing position !, " or E.
4f F&F is placed in position #, FKF can always win by choosing position ", 5 or 5.
4f F&F is placed in position E, FKF can always win by choosing position ", or 5.
4f F&F is placed in position 5 i.e. center position, FKF can't win unless F&F does something
foolish 6//
Hence, F&F should be placed in the center.
212)Brain Teaser No : 00025
Khat is the reainder left after di"idin! 1T F %T F (T F X F 144T B' G9
Thin: carefull' TTT
Answer
A tric,y one.
5J onwards all terms are di0isible by 5 as 5 is one of the factor. o there is no remainder left
for those terms i.e. remainder left after di0iding 5J @ #J @ EJ @ ... @ 100J is 0.
2he only part to be consider is
= 1J @ !J @ "J @ 4J @ 5J @ DJ
= 1 @ ! @ D @ !4 @ 1!0 @ 5!0
= #5"
2he remainder left after di0iding #5" by 5 is 5
Hence, the remainder is 5.
213)Brain Teaser No : 00079
If 'ou started a business in which 'ou earned Rs.1 on the first da'6 Rs.( on the second da'6
Rs.; on the third da'6 Rs.G on the fourth da'6 V so on.
8ow uch would 'ou ha"e earned with this business after ;4 'ears -assuin! there are
e$actl' (7; da's in e"er' 'ear29
Answer
,s.%%%,:3*,/::
2o begin with, you want to ,now the total number of daysB "D5 ' 50 = 1#!50.
$y e'perimentation, the following formula can be disco0ered, 3 used to determine the amount
earned for any particular dayB 1 @ !.'71/, with ' being the number of the day. 2a,e half of the
1#!50 days, 3 pair them up with the other half in the following wayB day 1 with day 1#!50, day
! with day 1#!4E, 3 so on, 3 you will see that if you add these pairs together, they always
e:ual ;s."D500.
1ultiply this number by the total number of pairs .E1!5/, 3 you ha0e the amount you would
ha0e earned in 50 years.
1ath gurus may use series formula to sol0e it..seriesB 1,",5,5,E,11.....upto 1#!50 terms/
214)Brain Teaser No : 00116
*o#lete the series :
;6 %46 %36 76 %6 >6 9
Answer
)*
%ote the se:uence of operationsB
5 G 4 = !0
!0 @ 4 = !4
!4 I 4 = D
D 7 4 = !
! G 4 = #
2here is arithmatic operation on the current number to get ne't number in the series. 2he
se:uence of operations is G, @, I and 7 by 4.
o after multiplying by 4, ne't operation is addition of 4. o the ne't number is # @ 4 = 1!
%1;2Khich of the followin! nubers is the odd one out6 and wh'9
16 %6 (6 ;6 D6 1(6 %1
Note that % is not the odd one.
Answer
The odd number is 4.
4t is a -ibonacci eries 7 a series in which ne't number is summation of pre0ious ! numbers.
2he first two numbers are 1 and !.
2hird number is = 1 @ ! = "
-ourth number is " @ 5 = #
-ifth number is 5 @ # = 1"
i'th number is # @ 1" = !1
Hence E is the odd number 4t should #.
216)Brain Teaser No : 00323
=ind ne$t two nubers in the series :
1446 (7;6 %36 746 96 9
Answer
The ne0t two numbers are 3: and ):::.
2he pattern is brea,ing down the time from )entury to miliseconds.
2here are 100 years in a century.
2here are "D5 days in a year.
2here are !4 hours in a day.
2here are D0 minutes in an hour.
2here are D0 seconds in a minute.
2here are 1000 miliseconds in a second.
Hence, the se:uence is B 100, "D5, !4, D0, D0, 1000
217)Brain Teaser No : 00169
.into sa's6 OThe horse is not Blac:.O
Sand' sa's6 OThe horse is either Brown or <re'.O
And' sa's6 OThe horse is Brown.O
At least one is tellin! truth and at least one is l'in!.
*an 'ou tell the color of the horse9
Answer
The color o" the horse can be an$ color other than Blac& and Brown.
4f the color of the horse is $lac, 7 all are lying.
4f the color of the horse is $rown 7 all are telling truth.
2hus, the horse is neither Blac& nor Brown.
4f the color of the horse is Crey 7 9into and andy are telling truth whereas Andy is lying.
4f the color of the horse is other than $lac,, $rown and Crey 7 9into is telling truth whereas
andy and Andy are lying.
Lou must ha0e noticed that for the gi0en conditions, 9into is always telling truth whereas Andy
is always lying.
218)Brain Teaser No : 00437
One side of the botto la'er of a trian!ular #'raid has 1% balls. 8ow an' are there in the
whole #'raid9
Note that the #'raid is e&uilateral and solid.
Answer
There are total %32 balls.
As there are 1! balls along one side, it means that there are 1! layers of balls. 2he top most
layer has 1 ball. 2he second layer has " .1@!/ balls. 2he third layer has D .1@!@"/ balls. 2he
fourth layer has 10 .1@!@"@4/ balls. 2he fifth layer has 15 .1@!@"@4@5/ balls. imilarly, there
are !1, !#, "D, 45, 55, DD and 5# balls in the remaining layers.
Hence, the total number of balls are
= 1 @ " @ D @ 10 @ 15 @ !1 @ !# @ "D @ 45 @ 55 @ DD @ 5#
= "D4 balls
219)Brain Teaser No : 00252
A an recei"ed a che&ue. The ru#ees has been trans#osed for #aise and "ice "ersa. After
s#endin! ; ru#ees 3% #aise6 he disco"ered that he now had e$actl' si$ ties the "alue of the
correct che&ue aount.
Khat aount should he ha"e recei"ed9
Answer
;e recei+ed 3 rupees and 22 paise.
Let's assume that he recei0ed a che:ue of K rupees and L paise i.e. .100K @ L/
2he amount recei0ed by him = 100L @ K
After spending 5 rupees 4! paise, the remaining amount is .100L @ K 7 54!/ which is D times
the original amount. 2hus,
.100L @ K 7 54!/ = DG.100K @ L/
100L @ K 7 54! = D00K @ DL
E4L = 5EEK @ 54!
?sing trial7n7error, we get K=D and L=44
Hence, he should ha0e recei0ed D rupees and 44 paise.
220)Brain Teaser No : 00159
Each of the fi"e characters in the word BRAIN has a different "alue between 4 and D. Nsin!
the !i"en !rid6 can 'ou find out the "alue of each character9
B R A I N 31
B B R B A 31
N I A B B 32
N I B A I 30
I R A A A 23
37 29 25 27 29
2he numbers on the e'treme right represent the sum of the 0alues represented by the characters in
that row. Also, the numbers on the last raw represent the sum of the 0alues represented by the
characters in that column. e.g. $ @ ; @ A @ 4 @ % = "1 .from first row/
Answer
B@1, ,@3, A@2, I@/ and N@4
1a,e total 10 e:uations 7 5 for rows and 5 for columns 7 and so0le them.
-rom ;ow" and ;ow4,
% @ 4 @ A @ $ @ $ = % @ 4 @ $ @ A @ 4 @ !
$ = 4 @ !
-rom ;ow1 and ;ow",
$ @ ; @ A @ 4 @ % = % @ 4 @ A @ $ @ $ 7 1
; = $ 7 1
-rom )olumn!,
; @ $ @ 4 @ 4 @ ; = !E
$ @ !; @ !4 = !E
$ @ !.$ 7 1/ @ !4 = !E
"$ @ !4 = "1
".4 @ !/ @ !4 = "1
54 = !5
4 = 5
Hence, $=5 and ;=D
-rom ;ow!,
$ @ $ @ ; @ $ @ A = "1
"$ @ ; @ A = "1
".5/ @ D @ A = "1
A = 4
-rom ;ow1,
$ @ ; @ A @ 4 @ % = "1
5 @ D @ 4 @ 5 @ % = "1
% = E
2hus, $=5, ;=D, A=4, 4=5 and %=E
221)Brain Teaser No : 00182
Subhash is 13 inches taller than Ratin. The difference between Subhash and SanEee" is two
inches less than between SanEee" and Ratin. Subhash at 7J7O is the tallest.
8ow tall are SanEee" and Ratin9
Answer
9an'ee+ is 3# and Eatin is /#2H
4t is gi0en that ubhash at D'DF is the tallest and also he is 14 inches taller than Aatin. 4t means
that Aatin is 5'4F.
%ow as the difference between ubhash and an8ee0 is two inches less than between
an8ee0 and Aatin, an8ee0's height is more than Aatin's. And that is D'.
2hus, an8ee0 is D' and Aatin is 5'4F.
222)Brain Teaser No : 00158
*onsider the su: AB* F DE= F <8I , RRR
If different letters re#resent different di!its6 and there are no leadin! Leros6 what does R
re#resent9
Answer
The +alue o" E must be 4.
ince there are no leading Heros, A must be 5, #, or E. .AAA = A$) @ (>- @ CH4 = 14* @ !5* @
"D* = 5**/
%ow, the remainder left after di0iding any number by E is the same as the remainder left after
di0iding the sum of the digits of that number by E. Also, note that 0 @ 1 @ ... @ E has a
remainder of 0 after di0iding by E and AAA has a remainder of 0, ", or D.
2he number E is the only number from 5, # and E that lea0es a remainder of 0, ", or D if you
remo0e it from the sum 0 @ 1 @ ... @ E. Hence, it follows that A must be E.
223)Brain Teaser No : 00287
In the "illa!e called TAAARA6 onl' three TS channels are a"ailable B Moon .lus6 Mon' and
Mee TS.
Out of 3444 TS "iewers in the "illa!e6 1;44 watch Moon TS6 %444 watch Mon' and %;44
watch Mee TS.
Aon!st these6 ;44 "iewers watch Moon .lus and Mon'6 >44 watch Moon .lus and Mee
TS6 and 1444 watch Mon' and Mee TS.
8ow an' "iewers watch all three channels9
Answer
%:: +iewers watch all three channels.
Let's assume that total K 0iewers watch all three channels.
total 0iewers who watch only 1oon 9lus and 1ony = 5007K
total 0iewers who watch only 1oon 9lus and 1ee 2T = #007K
total 0iewers who watch only 1ony and 1ee 2T = 10007K
total 0iewers who watch only 1oon 9lus
= 1500 7 .5007K/ 7 .#007K/ 7 K
= !00 @ K
total 0iewers who watch only 1ony
= !000 7 .5007K/ 7 .10007K/ 7 K
= 500 @ K
total 0iewers who watch only 1ee 2T
= !500 7 .10007K/ 7 .#007K/ 7 K
= 500 @ K
+e ,now that total 0iewers are 4000. umming up all 5 0alues,
K @ .500 7 K/ @ .#00 7 K/ @ .1000 7 K/ @ .!00 @ K/ @ .500 @ K/ @ .500 @ K/ = 4000
K @ "500 = 4000
K = "00
Hence, total "00 0iewers watch all three channels.
224)Brain Teaser No : 00120
Re#lace each letter b' a di!it. Each letter ust be re#resented b' the sae di!it and no
be!innin! letter of a word can be 4.

O N E
O N E
O N E
+ O N E
-------
T E N
Answer
?se trial and error. 0 =1, % = # ,> = !, 2 = 5
1 8 2
1 8 2
1 8 2
+ 1 8 2
------
7 2 8
225)Brain Teaser No : 00338
Insert atheatical functions to con"ert the ( nubers on the left side of the e&uation to
e&ual 7. I filled in the %Js -usin! the addition function twice2 for 'ou to !et 'ou started.
1 1 1 = 6
2 + 2 + 2 = 6
3 3 3 = 6
4 4 4 = 6
5 5 5 = 6
6 6 6 = 6
7 7 7 = 6
8 8 8 = 6
9 9 9 = 6
Answer
(1 + 1 + 1)! = 6
2 + 2 + 2 = 6
(3 * 3) - 3 = 6
sqrt(4) + sqrt(4) + sqrt(4) = 6
5 + (5 / 5) = 6
6 + 6 - 6 = 6
7 - (7 / 7) = 6
8 - sqrt(sqrt(8+8)) = 6
(sqrt(9) * sqrt(9)) - sqrt(9) = 6
226)Brain Teaser No : 00014
=i"e horses ran in the race.
2here were no ties.
i,andar did not come first.
tar was neither first nor last.
1ughal Clory came in one place after i,andar.
NoHo was not second.
;angila was two place below NoHo.
4n what order did the horses finish*
Answer
4t's simple.
Let's find the possible places horses can finish. 9ossibilities areB
i,andar 7 !,",4 .not 5th as 1ughal Clory came one place after him/
tar 7 !,",4
1ughal Clory 7 ",4,5
NoHo 7 1," .not 4th 3 5th as ;angila is two place after him/
;angila 7 ",5
o the result isB
1 NoHo
! tar
" ;angila
4 i,andar
5 1ughal Clory
227)Brain Teaser No : 00633
Assue that 'ou ha"e Eust heard of a scandal and 'ou are the first one to :now. Mou #ass it
on to four #erson in a atter of (4 inutes. Each of these four in turn #asses it to four other
#ersons in the ne$t (4 inutes and so on.
8ow lon! it will ta:e for e"er'bod' in the Korld to !et to :now the scandal9
Assue that nobod' hears it ore than once and the #o#ulation of the Korld is
a##ro$iatel' ;.7 billions.
Answer
E+er$bod$ in the Aorld will get to &now the scandal in > hours.
Lou came to ,now of a scandal and you passed it on to 4 persons in "0 minutes. o total
.1@4/ 5 persons would ,now about it in "0 minutes.
$y the end of one hour, 1D more persons would ,now about it. o total of .1@4@1D/ !1 persons
would ,now about it in one hour.
imilarly, the other .1@4@1D@D4/ persons would ha0e ,now about it in one and a half hours.
.1@4@1D@D4@!5D/ persons would ha0e ,now about it in two hours and so on...
4t can be deduced that the terms of the abo0e series are the power of 4 i.e. 4Y0, 4Y1, 4Y!, 4Y"
and so on upto .!%@1/ terms. Also, the last term would be 4Y!% where % is the number of
hours.
um of the abo0e mentioned series = U4Y.!%@1/71VI"
2he sum of the series must be 5.D billions. Hence, e:uating the sum of the series with 5.D
billions, we get %=# hours.
candals tra0el -A2 JJJ
228)Brain Teaser No : 00499
Si$ cabins nubered 1B7 consecuti"el'6 are arran!ed in a row and are se#arated b' thin
di"iders. These cabins ust be assi!ned to si$ staff ebers based on followin! facts.
1. 1iss hala,a's wor, re:uires her to spea, on the phone fre:uently throughout the day.
!. 1iss hudha prefers cabin number 5 as 5 is her luc,y number.
". 1r. haan and 1r. harma often tal, to each other during their wor, and prefers to ha0e
ad8acent cabins.
4. 1r. inha, 1r. haan and 1r. olan,i all smo,e. 1iss hudha is allergic to smo,e and must
ha0e non7smo,ers ad8acent to her.
5. 1r. olan,i needs silence during wor,.
)an you tell the cabin numbers of each of them*
Answer
The cabins "rom le"t to right 6)C38 are o" <r. 9olan&i, <r. 9inha, <r. 9haan, <r. 9harma,
<iss 9hudha and <iss 9hala&a.
-rom .!/, cabin number 5 is assigned to 1iss hudha.
As 1iss hudha is allergic to smo,e and 1r. inha, 1r. haan 3 1r. olan,i all smo,e, they
must be in cabin numbers 1, ! and " not necessarily in the same order. Also, 1iss hala,a
and 1r. harma must be in cabin 4 and D.
-rom ."/, 1r. haan must be in cabin " and 1r. harma must be in cabin 4. 2hus, 1iss
hala,a is in cabin D.
As 1r. olan,i needs silence during wor, and 1r. haan is in cabin " who often tal,s to 1r.
harma during wor,, 1r. olan,i must be in cabin 1. Hence, 1r. inha is in cabin !.
2hus, the cabins numbers are
1\ 1r. olan,i,
!\ 1r. inha,
"\ 1r. haan,
4\ 1r. harma,
5\ 1iss hudha,
D\ 1iss hala,a
229)Brain Teaser No : 00854
In the iddle of the confounded desert6 there is the lost cit' of OAshO. To reach it6 I will
ha"e to tra"el o"erland b' foot fro the coast. On a tre: li:e this6 each #erson can onl'
carr' enou!h rations for fi"e da's and the farthest we can tra"el in one da' is (4 iles.
Also6 the cit' is 1%4 iles fro the startin! #oint.
Khat I a tr'in! to fi!ure out is the fewest nuber of #ersons6 includin! 'self6 that I will
need in our <rou# so that I can reach the cit'6 sta' o"erni!ht6 and then return to the coast
without runnin! out of su##lies.
8ow an' #ersons -includin! 'self2 will I need to acco#lish this ission9
Answer
Total 2 persons 6including $ou8 reKuired.
4t is gi0en that each person can only carry enough rations for fi0e days. And there are 4
persons. Hence, total of !0 days rations is a0ailable.
1. Dirst Da$ B 4 days of rations are used up. &ne person goes bac, using one day of
rations for the return trip. 2he rations remaining for the further tre, is for 15 days.
!. 9econd Da$ B 2he remaining three people use up " days of rations. &ne person goes
bac, using ! days of rations for the return trip. 2he rations remaining for the further
tre, is for 10 days.
". Third Da$ B 2he remaining two people use up ! days of rations. &ne person goes
bac, using " days of rations for the return trip. 2he rations remaining for the further
tre, is for 5 days.
4. Dourth Da$ B 2he remaining person uses up one day of rations. He stays o0ernight.
2he ne't day he returns to the coast using 4 days of rations.
2hus, total 4 persons, including you are re:uired.
230)Brain Teaser No : 00528
Substitute di!its for the letters to a:e the followin! relation true.
N E V E R
L E A V E
+ M E
-----------------
A L O N E
%ote that the leftmost letter can't be Hero in any word. Also, there must be a one7to7one mapping
between digits and letters. e.g. if you substitute " for the letter 1, no other letter can be " and all
other 1 in the puHHle must be ".
Answer
A tough oneJJJ
ince ; @ > @ > = 10 @ >, it is clear that ; @ > = 10 and neither ; nor > is e:ual to 0 or 5. 2his
is the only entry point to
sol0e it. %ow use trial7n7error method.
N E V E R 2 1 4 1 9
L E A V E 3 1 5 4 1
+ M E + 6 1
----------------- -----------------
A L O N E 5 3 0 2 1
231)Brain Teaser No : 00295
=or a TS tal: show on Boll'wood6 the #roducer ust choose a !rou# of two Directors and
two Musicians. At least one of the ust be an Actor and at least one a Sin!er.
1. A0ailable (irectors are 1ahesh $hatt, <aran Aohar, ubhash Chai, Aditya )hopra and
Ashutosh.
!. A0ailable 1usicians are A ; ;ehman, Annu 1ali,, andeep )howta and Aadesh
ri0asta0a.
". hubash Chai, A ; ;ehman and Annu 1ali, are Actors.
4. Aditya )hopra and Aadesh ri0asta0a are ingers.
5. A ; ;ehman will not seat in the same room with ubhash Chai, and will ta,e part only if
1ahesh $hatt is there.
D. Aditya )hopra refuses to ta,e part with Annu 1ali,.
5. Ashutosh refuses to ta,e part with Aadesh ri0asta0a.
How many acceptable groups can the producer put together*
Answer
The producer can put 4 acceptable groups together.
Lour basic solution step is to ma,e a table of the possible persons and :ualifications on the
1usicians side, with the possible combinations on the (irectors side.
%ote that A ; ;ehman insists on 1ahesh $hatt being present, but the re0erse is not true.
Also, remember that there must be at least one actor and at least one singer. 2he 0alid
combinations areB
Musician Director
----------------------------------------------------------
(A R Rehman, Sandeep Chowta) (Mahesh Bhatt, Aditya Chopra)
(A R Rehman, (Mahesh Bhatt, Karan Johar)
Aadesh Srivastava) (Mahesh Bhatt, Aditya Chopra)
(Annu Malik, (Mahesh Bhatt, Karan Johar)
Aadesh Srivastava) (Mahesh Bhatt, Subhash Ghai)
(Karan Johar, Subhash Ghai)
(Sandeep Chowta, (Mahesh Bhatt, Subhash Ghai)
Aadesh Srivastava) (Karan Johar, Subhash Ghai)
(Aditya Chopra, Subhash Ghai)
2hus, there are total E acceptable groups.
232)Brain Teaser No : 00562
Mr. Subraania rents a #ri"ate car for AndheriB*olabaBAndheri tri#. It costs hi Rs. (44
e"er'da'.
One da' the car dri"er infored Mr. Subraania that there were two students fro
Bandra who wished to !o fro Bandra to *olaba and bac: to Bandra. Bandra is halfwa'
between Andheri and *olaba. Mr. Subraania as:ed the dri"er to let the students tra"el
with hi.
On the first da' when the' cae6 Mr. Subraania said6 OIf 'ou tell e the atheaticall'
correct #rice 'ou should #a' indi"iduall' for 'our #ortion of the tri#6 I will let 'ou tra"el for
free.O
8ow uch should the indi"idual student #a' for their Eourne'9
Answer
2he indi0idual student should pay ;s. 50 for their 8ourney.
%ote that " persons are tra0elling between $andra and )olaba.
2he entire trip costs ;s. "00 to 1r. ubramanian. Hence, half of the trip costs ;s. 150.
-or Andheri7$andra7Andheri, only one person i.e. 1r. ubramaniam is tra0elling. Hence, he
would pay ;s. 150.
-or $andra7)olaba7$andra, three persons i.e 1r. ubramaniam and two students, are
tra0elling. Hence, each student would pay ;s. 50.
233)Brain Teaser No : 00579
Mr. Ka!le !oes to wor: b' a bus. One da' he falls aslee# when the bus still has twice as far
to !o as it has alread' !one.
8alfwa' throu!h the tri# he wa:es u# as the bus bounces o"er soe bad #otholes. Khen he
finall' falls aslee# a!ain6 the bus still has half the distance to !o that it has alread' tra"elled.
=ortunatel'6 Mr. Ka!le wa:es u# at the end of his tri#.
Khat #ortion of the total tri# did Mr. Ka!le slee#9
Answer
<r. wagle slept through hal" his trip.
Let's draw a timeline. 9icture the bus route on a line showen belowB
---------------- ________ -------- ________________
Start 1/3 1/2 2/3 End
----- shows time for which Mr. Wagle was not sleeping
_____ shows time for which Mr. Wagle was sleeping
+hen 1r. +agle fell asleep the first time, the bus sill had twice as far to go as it had already
gone, that mar,s the first third of his trip.
He wa,e up halfway through the trip i.e slept from 1I" mar, to the 1I! mar,. He fell sleep again
when the bus still had half the distance to go that it had already tra0eled i.e !I" mar,.
Adding up, all sleeping times,
= .1I! 7 1I"/ @ .1 7 !I"/
= 1ID @ 1I"
= 1I!
Hence, 1r. wagle slept through half his trip.
234)Brain Teaser No : 00595
Substitute di!its for the letters to a:e the followin! addition #roble true.
I
A G R E E
+ I T S
-------------------
T O U G H
%ote that the leftmost letter can't be Hero in any word. Also, there must be a one7to7one mapping
between digits and letters. e.g. if you substitute " for the letter , no other letter can be " and all
other in the puHHle must be ".
Answer
I@1, A@*, I@4, ,@2, E@/, T@%, 9@3, (@:, I@4, ;@>
4t is ob0ious that 2=A@1. Also, C=E, &=0 and ;@4M10. Hence, 2M1
2here must be a carry from the units. Hence >@2=#. o .>, 2/ can be .D, !/, .5, "/, .", 5/, .!,
D/ or .1, 5/.
%ow, use trial7n7error and sol0e it.
I 7
A G R E E 2 9 4 5 5
+ I T S + 7 3 6
------------------- -------------------
T O U G H 3 0 1 9 8
235)Brain Teaser No : 00015
In the town called Alibau!6 the followin! facts are true:
%o two inhabitants ha0e e'actly the same number of hairs.
%o inhabitants has e'actly !0!5 hairs.
2here are more inhabitants than there are hairs on the head of any one inhabitants.
+hat is the largest possible number of the inhabitants of Alibaug*
Answer
*:*/
4t is gi0en that no inhabitants ha0e e'actly !0!5 hairs. Hence there are !0!5 inhabitants with 0
to !0!4 hairs in the head.
uppose there are more than !0!5 inhabitants. $ut these will 0iolate the condition that F2here
are more inhabitants than there are hairs on the head of any one inhabitants.F As for any
number more than !0!5, there will be same number of inhabitants as the ma'imum number of
hairs on the head of any inhabitant.
236)Brain Teaser No : 00070
All of the students at a colle!e are aEorin! in #s'cholo!'6 business6 or both. G(5 of the
students are #s'cholo!' aEors6 V 7%5 are business aEors.
If there are %44 students6 how an' of the are aEorin! in both #s'cholo!' V business9
Answer
1: students are ma'oring in both, ps$cholog$ & business
4f 5"Q of the students are psychology ma8ors, we ,now that !5Q are not psychology ma8ors.
$y the same reasoning, "#Q are not business ma8ors, because D!Q of the students do ma8or
in business. oB !5 @ "# = D5
D5Q of the students are not ma8oring in both psychology 3 business, so "5Q are double
ma8ors, a total of 50 students.
237)Brain Teaser No : 00257
If AFB,*6 DB*,A and EBB,*6 then what does DF= stands for9 .ro"ide 'our answer in
letter ters as well as in nuber ters.
Answer
E or ):
A simple one.
Assume that each character represents the number e:ui0alent to the position in the alphabet
i.e. A = 1, $ = !, ) = ", ( = 4 and so on. %ow let's chec, our assumption.
A @ $ = ) i.e. 1 @ ! = "
( 7 ) = A i.e. 4 7 " = 1
> 7 $ = ) i.e. 5 7 ! = "
2hus, our assumption was )orrect. Hence, ( @ - = A i.e. 4 @ D = 10
238)Brain Teaser No : 00128
There is a #erfect s#here of diaeter 34 cs. restin! u# a!ainst a
#erfectl' strai!ht wall and a #erfectl' strai!ht floor i.e. the wall
and the floor a:e a #erfect ri!ht an!le.
*an a #erfect s#here of diaeter G cs. #ass throu!h the s#ace
between the bi! s#here6 the wall and the floor9 Su##ort 'our
answer with "alid ar!uents. DonJt subit Eust OMesO or ONoO.
Answer
-or the sa,e of simplicity, consider two7dimension i.e 0iew sphere as a two dimensional circle
with diameter 40 cms.
Drom Digure I, .40 cms diameter sphere/
&)
!
= &(
!
@ )(
!

&)
!
= !0
!
@ !0
!

&) = !#.!#4!5 cms
Also, K is the closest point to origin & on the sphere.
)K = !0 cms .radius/
&K = &) 7 )K
&K = !#.!#4!5 7 !0
&K = #.!#4!5 cms
Drom Digure II, .5 cms diameter sphere/
&9
!
= &S
!
@ 9S
!

&9
!
= .".5/
!
@ .".5/
!

&9 = 4.E4E54 cms
Also, L is the farthest point to origin & on the sphere.
9L = ".5 cms .radius/
&L = &9 @ 9L
&L = 4.E4E54 @ ".5
&L = #.44E54 cms
%ow, as &L M &K i.e. smaller sphere re:uires more space than the space a0ailable. Hence,
smaller sphere of 5 cms diameter can not pass through the space between the big sphere, the
wall and the floor.
The pu77le can be sol+ed b$ another method.
(raw a line tangent to the big sphere at the point K such that K is the closest point to the origin
& on sphere. 2he tanget will cut K and L a'es at A and $ respecti0ely such that &A=&$. Uee
-ig 444V -rom abo0e, &K=#.!#4!5 cms.
-rom the right angle triangle &A$, we can deduct that
&A = &$ = 11.5155! cms
A$ = 1D.5D#54 cms
%ow, the diameter of the inscribed circle of right angle triangle is gi0en by d = a @ b 7 c where a
P= b P c
2he ma'imum possible diameter of the circle which can pass through the space between the
big sphere, the wall and the floor is
= &A @ &$ 7 A$
= 11.5155! @ 11.5155! 7 1D.5D#54
= D.#D!E1 cms
Hence, the sphere with 5 cms diameter can not pass through the space between the big
sphere, the wall and the floor.
239)Brain Teaser No : 00133
=i"e students B A:ash6 *hintan6 Ri!nesh6 Mu:und and Sen:' B a##eared for an e$a. There
were total fi"e &uestions B two ulti#le choice -a6 b or c2 and three true+false &uestions.
The' answered fi"e &uestions each and answered as follow.
I II III IV V
--------------------------------------------------
Chintan c b True True False
Akash c c True True True
Jignesh a c False True True
Mukund b a True True False
Venky b b True False True
--------------------------------------------------
Also, no two students got the same number of correct answers.
)an you tell which are the correct answers* +hat are their indi0idual score*
Answer
The correct answers are b, a, True, Dalse and Dalse. Also, the scores are Eignesh 6:8,
A&ash 6)8, !hintan 6*8, 5en&$ 6%8 and <u&und 628.
As no two students got the same number of correct answers, the total number of correct
answers must be either 15 .1@!@"@4@5/ or 10 .0@1@!@"@4/.
Let's find out the ma'imum number of correct answers possible from the answers gi0en by
them.
-or Suestion 4 = ! .b or c/
-or Suestion 44 = ! .b or c/
-or Suestion 444 = 4 .2rue/
-or Suestion 4T = 4 .2rue/
-or Suestion T = " .2rue/
2hus, the ma'imum number of correct answers possible are 15 .!@!@4@4@"/ which means
that A,ash would ha0e gi0en all correct answers as only he answered 2rue for :uestions 444, 4T
and T. $ut then )hintan and Aignesh would ha0e e'actly " correct answers. And also, 1u,und
and Ten,y would ha0e ! correct answers. o no one got all "i+e correct. &ne can also arri0e
at this conclusion by trial7and7error, but that would be bit lengthy.
%ow, it is clear that total number of correct answers are 10 .0@1@!@"@4/. Suestions 444 and 4T
both can not be -alse. 4f so, total number of correct answers would not be 10. o the student
who got all wrong can not be )hintan, A,ash and 1u,und.
4f Ten,y got all wrong, then )hintan, Aignesh and 1u,und each would ha0e atleast ! correct
answers. 4t means that A,ash would ha0e to be the student with only one correct answer and
the correct answers for :uestions 4 and 44 would be a and a respecti0ely. $ut then the total
number of correct answers would be 1 .a/ @ 1 .a/ @ 1 .-alse/ @ 4 .2rue/ @ ! .-lase/ = E.
2hus, Aignesh is the student with all wrong answers. 2he correct answers are b, a, 2rue, -alse
and -alse. Also, the scores are Aignesh .0/, A,ash .1/, )hintan .!/, Ten,y ."/ and 1u,und .4/.
240)Brain Teaser No : 00442
Ada6 BurLin6 *lar: and Edund each li"e in an a#artent. Their a#artents are arran!ed
in a row nubered 1 to 3 fro left to ri!ht. Also6 one of the is the landlord.
1. 4f )lar,'s apartment is not ne't to $urHin's apartment, then the landlord is Adam and li0es in
apartment 1.
!. 4f Adam's apartment is right of )lar,'s apartment, then the landlord is >dmund and li0es in
apartment 4.
". 4f $urHin's apartment is not ne't to >dmund's apartment, then the landlord is )lar, and li0es
in apartment ".
4. 4f >dmund's apartment is right of Adam's apartment, then the landlord is $urHin and li0es in
apartment !.
+ho is the landlord*
Answer
!lar& is the landlord.
Assume each statement true, one at a time and see that no other statement is contradicted.
Let's assume that tatement .1/ is true. 2hen, Adam is the landlord and li0es in apartment 1.
Also, other three's apartments will be on the right of his apartment 7 which contradicts
tatement .4/ i.e. 4f >dmund's apartment is right of Adam's apartment, then the landlord is
$urHin. 2hus, Adam is not the landlord.
Let's assume that tatement .!/ is true. 2hen, >dmund is the landlord and li0es in apartment
4. Also, other three's apartments will be on the left of his apartment 7 which again contradicts
tatement .4/ i.e. 4f >dmund's apartment is right of Adam's apartment, then the landlord is
$urHin. 2hus, >dmund is not the landlord either.
Let's assume that tatement ."/ is true. 2hen, )lar, is the landlord and li0es in apartment ". 4t
satisfies all the statements for
.1/ Adam 7 .!/ >dmund 7 ."/ )lar, 7 .4/ $urHin
Hence, )lar, is the landlord.
imilarly, you can assume tatement .4/ true and find out that it also contradicts.
241)Brain Teaser No : 00049
The a"era!e scores of the class for e$a are as follow:
A"era!e score of the bo's , D4
A"era!e score of the !irls , >1
A"era!e score of the class , >3
=ind whether *lass contains ore Bo's or <irls9
Answer
Assume that there are $ boys and C girls in the )lass.
Hence from the gi0en data B
90*B + 81*G = 84*(B+G)
90B + 81G = 84B + 84G
6B = 3G
2B = G
Hence number of Cirls in the )lass are twice the number of $oys.
242)Brain Teaser No : 00345
Khat are the ne$t three nubers in the !i"en series9
1 % ( % 1 % ( 3 % 1 % ( 3 ( % 9 9 9
Answer
The ne0t three numbers are %, 2 and /.
2he pattern is 7 the number of letters in the ;oman numeral representation of the numbers i.e.
number of letters in 4, 44, 444, 4T, T, T4, T44, T444, 4K, K, K4, K44, K444, K4T, KT, .....
Hence, the ne't numbers in the gi0en series are ".KT4/, 4.KT44/, 5.KT444/, ".K4K/, !.KK/,
".KK4/, 4.KK44/, 5.KK444/, 4.KK4T/, ".KKT/, etc...
243)Brain Teaser No : 00258
Three con"icts are brou!ht into the wardenJs office. 8e sa's he can #arole on of the and
to decide which one he will #arole he ta:es out ; hats -( red and % white2. 8e stands
behind the and #laces a hat on each one of their heads and #uts the other two reainin!
hats in a drawer.
8e tells the #risioners the' can loo: at the others hats and if the' can tell which hat the'
ha"e on the' will be the one who is #aroled.
The first an loo:s at the other two and sa's6 OI donJt :now.O
The second an loo:s at the others hats and sa's6 OI donJt :now.O
The third an who is blind sa's6 OE"en thou!h I ha"e not the !ift of si!ht I can tell b'
what the others ha"e said that the color of ' hat is...O
Khat color is the blind ans hat and how does he :now9
Answer
The color o" blind man#s hat is ,ed.
4t is sure that the first man saw either both ;ed hats or one +hite hat and one ;ed hat. 2here are
D such possibilitiesB
1) R R R
2) R R W
3) R W R
4) W R R
5) W R W
6) W W R
4n all abo0e possibilities, the first man won't be sure of the color of his hat.
%ow, the second man ,nows that the first man saw either both ;ed hats or one +hite hat and
one ;ed hat. And, he also ,nows that its one of the abo0e D possibilities. .li,e we ,now 6// $ut he
says, F4 don't ,nowF. 2hat means that .!/ and .5/ are not the possibilities as in either case he
would be sure of the color of his hat .;ed/ by 8ust loo,ing at the third man's color of hat .+hite/.
%ow, the blind man ,nows that there are 8ust 4 possibilities 7 .1/, ."/, .4/, .D/ 7 and in all, the color
of his hat is ;ed.
244)Brain Teaser No : 00043
.rofessors Ahad and Roshi are e$treel' stran!e #ersons.
.rof. Ahad lies on Monda's6 Tuesda's and Kednesda's6 but tells true on other da's of
the wee:.
.rof. Roshi lies on Thursda's6 =rida's and Saturda's6 but tells true on other da's of the
wee:.
2hey made the following statementsB
9rof. Ahmad B FLesterday was one of my lying days.F
9rof. Aoshi B FLesterday was one of my lying days too.F
+hat day of the wee, was it*
$oth 9rofessors loo,ed 0ery ali,e and one day they said to a 0isitor to their department B
-irst 9rofB F4'm Ahmed.F
econd 9rofB F4'm Aoshi.F
+ho was who* +hat day of the wee, was it*
&n another occasion, both 9rofessors made the following statementsB
-irst 9rof B 1. F4 lie on aturdays.F
!. F4 lie on undays.F
econd 9rof. B F4 will lie tomorrow.F
+hat day of the wee, was it*
Answer
<on Pro". Ahmad
Lies
Pro". Eoshi
tells truth
Tue
Lies 2ells truth
Aed Lies 2ells truth
Thu 2ells truth Lies
Dri 2ells truth Lies
9at 2ells truth Lies
9un 2ells truth 2ells truth
Teaser ) G
Assume that 9rof. Ahmad is telling truth =M today is 2hursday
Assume that 9rof. Ahmad is lying =M today is 1onday
imilarly, Assume 9rof. Aoshi is telling truth =M today is unday
Assume that 9rof. Aoshi is lying =M today is 2hrusday.
Hence, today is 2hrusday, 9rof. Ahmad is telling truth and 9rof. Aoshi is lying.
Teaser * G
Assume that -irst 9rof. is telling truth =M 2hursday, -riday, aturday or unday
Assume that -irst 9rof. is lying =M 2hursday, -riday or aturday
imilarly, Assume econd 9rof. is telling truth =M 1onday, 2uesday, +ednesday or unday
Assume that econd 9rof. is lying =M 1onday, 2uesday, +ednesday
2he only possibility is unday and both are telling truth.
Teaser % G
A simple one. -irst 9rof. says 7 F4 lie on undayF which is false as both the 9rof. tell truth on
sunday. 4t means the first statement made by the -irst 9rof. is also false. 4t means the -irst 9rof.
tells truth on aturday. Hence -irst 9rof. is 9rof. Ahmad and he is lying. 4t means that today is
either 1onday, 2uesday or +ednesday.
4t is clear that econd 9rof. is 9rof. Aoshi.
Assume that he is telling truth =M today is +ednesday
Assume that he is lying =M today is aturday.
Hence, today is +ednesday JJJ
245)Brain Teaser No : 00053
A an is !oin! to an Anti&ue *ar auction. All #urchases ust be #aid for in cash. 8e
!oes to the ban: and draws out Q%;6444.
Since the an does not want to be seen carr'in! that uch one'6 he #laces it in 1;
e"elo#es nubered 1 throu!h 1;. Each en"elo#e contains the least nuber of bills
#ossible of an' a"ailable NS currenc' -i.e. no two tens in #lace of a twent'2.
At the auction he a:es a successful bid of Q>(%% for a car. 8e hands the auctioneer
en"elo#es nuber-s2 %6 >6 and 13. After o#enin! the en"elo#es the auctioneer finds
e$actl' the ri!ht aount.
8ow an' ones did the auctioneer find in the en"elo#es9
Answer
>ach en0elope contains the money e:ual to the ! raised to the en0elope number minus 1. 2he
sentence F>ach en0elope contains the least number of bills possible of any a0ailable ?
currencyF is only to misguide you. 2his is always possible for any amount JJJ
&ne more thing to notice here is that the man must ha0e placed money in en0elopes in such a
way that if he bids for any amount less than R!5000, he should be able to pic, them in terms of
en0elopes.
-irst en0elope contains, !
0
= R1
econd en0elope contains, !
1
= R!
2hird en0elope contains, !
!
= R4
-ourth en0elope contains, !
"
= R# and so on...
Hence the amount in en0elopes are R1, R!, R4, R#, R1D, R"!, RD4, R1!#, R!5D, R51!, R10!4,
R!04#, R40ED, R#1E!, R#D15
Last en0elope .%o. 15/ contains only R#D15 as total amount is only R!5000.
%ow as he bids for R#"!! and gi0es en0elope number !, # and 14 which contains R!, R1!# and
R#1E! respecti0ely.
>n0elope %o ! conrains one R! bill
>n0elope %o # conrains one R100 bill, one R!0 bill, one R5 bill, one R! bill and one R1 bill
>n0elope %o 14 conrains eighty7one R100 bill, one R50 bill, four R10 bill and one R! bill
Hence the auctioneer will find one R1 bill in the en0elopes
246)Brain Teaser No : 00196
Seeru sa's to Ra'6 O*an 'ou fi!ure out how an' E!!s I ha"e in ' buc:et9O 8e !i"es (
clues to Ra': If the nuber of E!!s I ha"e
1. is a multiple of 5, it is a number between 1 and 1E
!. is not a multiple of #, it is a number between !0 and !E
". is not a multiple of 10, it is a number between "0 and "E
How many >ggs does Teeru ha0e in his buc,et*
Answer
%* eggs
Let's apply all " condition separately and put all possible numbers together.
-irst condition says that if multiple of 5, then the number is between 1 and 1E. Hence, the
possible numbers are .5, 10, 15, !1, !!, !", !4, !5, !D, !5, !#, !E, "0, "1, "!, "", "4, "5, "D, "5,
"#, "E/
econd condition says that if not a multiple of #, then the number is between !0 and !E. Hence,
the possible numbers are .#, 1D, !0, !1, !!, !", !5, !D, !5, !#, !E, "!/
2hird condition says that if not a multiple of 10, then the number is between "0 and "E. Hence,
the possible numbers are .10, !0, "1, "!, "", "4, "5, "D, "5, "#, "E/
&nly number "! is there in all " result sets. 2hat means that only number "! satisfies all three
conditions. Hence, Teeru ha0e "! eggs in his buc,et.
247)Brain Teaser No : 00288
=i"e friends with surnae Batliwala6 .oc:etwala6 Talawala6 *hunawala and Nata:wala
ha"e their first nae and iddle nae as follow.
1. -our of them ha0e a first and middle name of 9aresh.
!. 2hree of them ha0e a first and middle name of <amlesh.
". 2wo of them ha0e a first and middle name of %aresh.
4. &ne of them ha0e a first and middle name of >lesh.
5. 9oc,etwala and 2alawala, either both are named <amlesh or neither is named <amlesh.
D. >ither $atliwala and 9oc,etwala both are named %aresh or 2alawala and )hunawala
both are named %aresh.
5. )hunawala and %ata,wala are not both named 9aresh.
+ho is named >lesh*
Answer
Poc&etwala is named Elesh.
-rom .1/ and .5/, it is clear that $atliwala, 9oc,etwala and 2alawala are named 9aresh.
-rom .D/ and .5/, if 9oc,etwala or 2alawala both are named <amlesh, then either of them will
ha0e three names i.e. 9aresh, <amlesh and %aresh. Hence, 9oc,etwala and 2alawala both are
not named <amlesh. 4t means that $atliwala, )hunawala and %ata,wala are named <amlesh.
%ow it is clear that 2alawala and )hunawala are named %aresh. Also, 9oc,etwala is named
>lesh.
248)Brain Teaser No : 00217
Ri lies a lot. 8e tells the truth on onl' one da' in a wee:.
One da' he said: OI lie on Monda's and Tuesda's.O
The ne$t da' he said: OToda' is either Sunda'6 Saturda' or Thursda'.O
The ne$t da' he said: OI lie on =rida's and Kednesda's.O
On which da' of the wee: does Ri tell the truth9
Answer
Eim tells the truth on Tuesda$.
As Aim tells truth only on one day in a wee,, his statement on day 1 and day " both can not be
false. &therwise he tells truth on more than one days in a wee,. Also, all three statements are
mad on three consecuti0e days, statement made on day 1 and day " both can not be true. 2hus,
either the statement made on day 1 or day " is true and other is false. Also, the statement made
on day ! must be false i.e. day 1 is not aturday, -riday or +ednesday.
Let's assume that the statement 1 is true. 2hen from the statement ", day 1 must be either -riday
or +ednesday. $ut it is already deduced that day 1 is not aturday, -riday or +ednesday.
Hence, the statement made on day 1 is false and the last statement is true. then from the
statement 1, day " must be either 1onday or 2uesday. $ut it is already deduced that day 1 can
not be aturday i.e. day " can't be 1onday. Hence, Aim tells the truth on 2uesday.
249)Brain Teaser No : 00029
A fl' is fl'in! between two trains6 each tra"ellin! towards each other on the sae trac: at
74 :+h. The fl' reaches one en!ine6 re"erses itself iediatel'6 and flies bac: to the
other en!ine6 re#eatin! the #rocess each tie.
The fl' is fl'in! at D4 :+h. If the fl' flies 1>4 : before the trains eet6 how far a#art
were the trains initiall'9
Answer
Initiall$, the trains were *2: &m apart.
2he fly is flying at the speed of E0 ,mIh and co0ers 1#0 ,m. Hence, the fly flies for ! hours after
trains started.
4t's ob0ious that trains met ! hours after they started tra0elling towards each other. Also, trains
were tra0elling at the speed of D0 ,mIh. o, each train tra0eled 1!0 ,m before they met.
Hence, the trains were !40 ,m apart initially.
250)Brain Teaser No : 00129
Mou are stuc: in a roo with % doors. One door is the wa' out and the other one leads to
8ell. In this roo there are two co#uters6 one alwa's lies and one alwa's tells the truth.
8ow do 'ou !et out safel'9 Once 'ou o#en a door6 'ou ust !o throu!h it and can ne"er
turn bac:. Mou can as: onl' one &uestion to an' one of the co#uter.
Answer
As, one of the computers F+ould the other computer say that this door leads to Hell*F 4f he
answers yes enter door, if he answers no use other door.
4f you as, the computer who lies, it will tell you L>, if the door is the way out and %&, if the
door leads to Hell. imilarly for the other computer who always tells truth.
Alternati0ely, you can as, one computer, F+hich door would the other machine tell me is the
safe way out*F and whate0er the answer, you ta,e the other door
251)Brain Teaser No : 00445
Dr. DoAittle alwa's !oes wal:in! to the clinic and ta:es the sae tie while !oin! and
while coin! bac:. One da' he noticed soethin!.
Khen he left the hoe6 the hour hand and the inute hand were e$actl' o##osite to each
other and when he reached the clinic6 the' were to!ether.
Siilarl'6 when he left the clinic6 the hour hand and the inute hand were to!ether and
when he reached the hoe6 the' were e$actl' o##osite to each other.
8ow uch tie does Dr. DoAittle ta:e to reach hoe fro the clinic9 <i"e the inial
#ossible answer.
Answer
%* minutes 2%.3 seconds
4n twel0e hours, the minute hand and the hour hand are together for 11 times. 4t means that
after e0ery 1!I11 hours, both the hands are together.
imilarly in twel0e hours, the minute hand and the hour hand are e'actly opposite to each
other for 11 times. 4t means that after e0ery 1!I11 hours, both the hands are opposite.
%ow, let's ta,e an e'ample. +e ,now that at 1! both the hands are together and at D both the
hands are e'actly opposite to each other.
After D, both the hands are in opposition at UD@.1!I11/V hours, UD@!G.1!I11/V hours,
UD@"G.1!I11/V hours and so on. 2he si'th such time is UD@DG.1!I11/V hours which is the first time
after 1!. 2hus after 1!, both the hands are opposite to each other at 1!B"!B4".D
Hence, (r. (oLittle ta,es "! minutes and 4".D seconds to reach home from the clinic.
252)Brain Teaser No : 00185
Two trains startin! at sae tie6 one fro Ban!alore to M'sore and other in o##osite
direction arri"e at their destination 1hr and 3hrs res#ecti"el' after #assin! each other.
8ow uch faster is one train fro other9
Answer
The speed o" BangaloreC<$sore train is TAI!E the speed o" <$soreCBangalore train.
Let the distance between $angalore and 1ysore is ( ,ms.
Also, let speed of the train from $angalore to 1ysore is K ,mIhr and speed of the tain from
1ysore to $angalore is L ,mIhr.
%ow, assume that both the trains met each other at 2 ,ms from the $angalore .point 9 in
figure/
2ime ta,en by $angalore71ysore train to reach 9 = 2ime ta,en by 1ysore7$angalore train to
reach 9
. 2 I K / = . ( 7 2 / I L 77777e:u.4/
Also, $angalore71ysore train and 1ysore7$angalore train arri0e destination 1 hr and 4 hrs
respecti0ely after passing each other. 4t means that $angalore71ysore train tra0els .( 7 2/ ,ms
in 1 hr at K ,mIhr and 1ysore7$angalore train tra0els 2 ,ms in 4 hrs at L ,mIhr. Hence,
. ( 7 2 / = K and
2 = 4 G L
ubstituting these 0alues in e:uation 4, we get
. 4 G L / I K = K I L
4 G L G L = K G K
! G L = K
Hence, the speed of $angalore71ysore train is 2+4)> the speed of 1ysore7$angalore train.
253)Brain Teaser No : 00194
Sita sa's to <ita6 OI ha"e ( sons. The' are all less than 14 'ears in a!e and all are of
different a!e. The #roduct of the a!es of the two 'oun!er brothers is e&ual to the a!e of the
eldest brother. Also6 the su of their a!es is a .rie nuber.O
8ow old is the eldest son9
Answer
The eldest son is 3 $ears old.
-irst list out all combinations of three numbers such that all of them are less than 10 and
product of first two is third number. 2here are only " combination.
! ! 4
! " D
! 4 #
" " E
Also, note that age of the younger brother can not be 1 year. As in that case other two will be
twins and it is mentioned in teaser that Fthe eldest brotherF i.e. there is only one brother with
the eldest age.
%ow chec, fo the second condition i.e. the sum of their ages is a 9rime number.
! @ ! @ 4 = #
! @ " @ D = 11
! @ 4 @ # = 14
" @ " @ E = 15
11 is the 9rime number. Hence, the re:uired combination is !, " and D. 2he eldest son is D
years old.
254)Brain Teaser No : 00391
In the followin! ulti#lication6 certain di!its ha"e been re#laced with asteris:s -?2. Re#lace
all the asteris:s such that the #roble holds the result.
* * 7
X 3 * *
----------
* 0 * 3
* 1 *
* 5 *
-------------
* 7 * * 3
Answer
A simple one.
1 1 7
X 3 1 9
----------
1 0 5 3
1 1 7
3 5 1
-------------
3 7 3 2 3
254)Brain Teaser No : 00438
=our friends B ArEan6 Bhu"an6 <uran and Aa:ha were co#arin! the nuber of shee# that
the' owned.
It was found that <uran had ten ore shee# than Aa:ha.
If ArEan !a"e oneBthird to Bhu"an6 and Bhu"an !a"e a &uarter of what he then held to
<uran6 who then #assed on a fifth of his holdin! to Aa:ha6 the' would all ha"e an e&ual
nuber of shee#.
8ow an' shee# did each of the #ossess9 <i"e the inial #ossible answer.
Answer
Ar'an, Bhu+an, Iuran and -a&ha had 4:, /:, // and 2/ sheep respecti+el$.
Assume that Ar8an, $hu0an, Curan and La,ha had A, $, C and L sheep respecti0ely. As it is
gi0en that at the end each would ha0e an e:ual number of sheep, comparing the final
numbers from the abo0e table.
Ar8an's sheep = $hu0an's sheep
!AI" = AI4 @ "$I4
#A = "A @ E$
5A = E$
Ar8an's sheep = Curan's sheep
!AI" = AI15 @ $I5 @ 4CI5
!AI" = AI15 @ AIE @ 4CI5 .as $=5AIE/
"0A = "A @ 5A @ "DC
!!A = "DC
11A = 1#C
Ar8an's sheep = La,ha's sheep
!AI" = AID0 @ $I!0 @ CI5 @ L
!AI" = AID0 @ AI"D @ 11AIE0 @ L .as $=5AIE and C=11AI1#/
!AI" = AID @ L
AI! = L
A = !L
Also, it is gi0en that Curan had ten more sheep than La,ha.
C = L @ 10
11AI1# = AI! @ 10
AIE = 10
A = E0 sheep
2hus, Ar8an had E0 sheep, $hu0an had 5AIE i.e. 50 sheep, Curan had 11AI1# i.e. 55 sheep
and La,ha had AI! i.e. 45 sheep.
255)Brain Teaser No : 00178
Si#ul was stud'in! for his e$ainations and the li!hts went off. It was around 1:44 AM. 8e
li!hted two unifor candles of e&ual len!th but one thic:er than the other. The thic: candle
is su##osed to last si$ hours and the thin one two hours less. Khen he finall' went to slee#6
the thic: candle was twice as lon! as the thin one.
=or how lon! did Si#ul stud' in candle li!ht9
Answer
5ipul studied "or % hours in candle light.
Assume that the initial lenght of both the candle was L and Tipul studied for K hours.
4n K hours, total thic, candle burnt = KLID
4n K hours, total thin candle burnt = KLI4
After K hours, total thic, candle remaining = L 7 KLID
After K hours, total thin candle remaining = L 7 KLI4
Also, it is gi0en that the thic, candle was twice as long as the thin one when he finally went to
sleep.
.L 7 KLID/ = !.L 7 KLI4/
.D 7 K/ID = .4 7 K/I!
.D 7 K/ = "G.4 7 K/
D 7 K = 1! 7 "K
!K = D
K = "
Hence, Tipul studied for " hours i.e. 1#0 minutes in candle light.
256)Brain Teaser No : 00034
M' friend collects anti&ue sta#s. She #urchased two6 but found that she needed to raise
one' ur!entl'. So she sold the for Rs. >444 each. On one she ade %45 and on the
other she lost %45.
8ow uch did she !ain or lose in the entire transaction9
Answer
9he lost ,s 333.31
)onsider the first stamp. he mades !0Q on it after selling it for ;s #000.
o the original price of first stamp is = .#000 G 100/ I #0 ;s DDDD.D5
imilarly, consider second stamp. he lost !0Q on it after selling it for ;s #000
o the original price of second stamp is = .#000 G 100/ I #0 ;s 10000
2otal buying price of two stamps = ;s DDDD.D5 @ ;s 10000 = ;s 1DDDD.D5
2otal selling price of two stamps = ;s #000 @ ;s #000 = ;s 1D000
Hence, she lost ;s DDD.D5
257)Brain Teaser No : 00098
Ia!ine that 'ou ha"e %7 constants6 labelled A throu!h Y. Each constant is assi!ned a "alue
in the followin! wa': A , 1I the rest of the "alues e&ual their #osition in the al#habet -B
corres#onds to the second #osition so it e&uals %6 * , (6 etc.2 raised to the #ower of the
#receedin! constant "alue. So6 B , % U -AJs "alue26 or B , %U1 , %. * , (U% , D. D , 3UD6
etc.
=ind the e$act nuerical "alue to the followin! e&uation: -H B A2 ? -H B B2 ? -H B *2 ? ... ?
-H B M2 ? -H B Y2
Answer
.K 7 A/ G .K 7 $/ G .K W )/ G ... G .K 7 L/ G .K 7 N/ e:uals 0 since .K 7 K/ is Hero.
258)Brain Teaser No : 00260
If three babies are born e"er' second of the da'6 then how an' babies will be born in the
'ear %4419
Answer
4,23,:>,::: babies
2he total seconds in year !001
= "D5 daysIyear G !4 hoursIday G D0 minutesIhours G D0 secondsIminute
= "D5 G !4 G D0 G D0 seconds
= ",15,"D,000 seconds
2hus, there are ",15,"D,000 seconds in the year !001. Also, three babies born are e0ery
second. Hence, total babies born
= " G ",15,"D,000 seconds
= E,4D,0#,000
259)Brain Teaser No : 00346
A terrorist6 after ha"in! coitted a crie wanted to cross the border. 8e :new that a #ic: u#
"ehicle had been arran!ed at the border for hi. But the dri"er would identif' hi b' a code
word which the terrorist didnJt :now. So he ailed to his !rou# leader usin! a certain code
lan!ua!e. This is what he ailed:
TKD@ HR @K) <I.) TI=. H 8)). @I AR) D@ @K) MI=.)=9
8is !rou# leader re#lied bac: on ail6 sa'in!:
YIA 8)). @I RDY @KD@ OHR THRK)R T)=) KI=R)R M)SSD=R TIA*. =H.)O
*an 'ou deci#her the code and a:e out as to what the terrorist ailed and what was the
re#l' sent bac: to hi9
8INT : In the code lan!ua!e6)NEEN EAIYABET8 can be written as EA))8
)*HADM)@K
Answer
The terrorist mailed G A;AT I9 T;E !(DE A(,D I NEED T( U9E AT T;E B(,DE,O
The -eader replied G L(U NEED T( 9AL T;AT HID AI9;E9 AE,E ;(,9E9 BEIIA,9
A(U-D ,IDEH
?se the hint. 4t says that F4n the code language, S?>>% >L4NA$>2H can be written as
>LSSH S)KA(LS<+.F 4t means that in code language > means S, L means ?, S means >,
H means % and so on.
Q U E E N E L I Z A B E T H
E L Q Q H Q C X A D Y Q K W
?se the abo0e hint and put decode the corresponding characters.
The terrorist:
T W D K X J K W Q G I P Q T I F P X
H A T I T H E E I
H Q Q P K I L J Q D K K W Q Y I F P Q F ?
N E E T U E A T T H E B E
The leader:
G I L H Q Q P K I J D Z K W D K
U N E E T A T H A T
" X R T X J W Q J T Q F Q W I F J Q J
I I H E E E H E
Y Q V V D F J T I L C P F X P Q "
E A U L I E
%ow try to figure out some words li,e +HA2, %>>(, 2&, ?>, 4 etc. and decode the
sentences further using the characters you get from that.
)ountinue the abo0e procedure, you can figure out more words li,e )&(>, +&;(, L&?,
AL, 4-, +>;>, H&;>, +&?L( etc. and finally you will get the answer.
260)Brain Teaser No : 00571
Substitute di!its for the letters to a:e the followin! relation true.
S E N D
+ M O R E
----------
M O N E Y
%ote that the leftmost letter can't be Hero in any word. Also, there must be a one7to7one mapping
between digits and letters. e.g. if you substitute " for the letter , no other letter can be " and all
other in the puHHle must be ".
Answer
4t is ob0ious that 1=1.
4f =E and if there is a carry, the ma'imum 0alue of & will be 1. $ut 1=1. Hence, & has to be
0.
Also, has to be E as there is no other way of getting total 10 for @1.
%ow, % is .>@1/ i.e. there must be a carry from .%@;/. 4t means that ; must be E which is
already assigned to . Hence, ; has to be # and a carry from .(@>/ will ma,e ;'s 0alue E.
%ow, using trial7n7errorB
9 5 6 7 O=0, M=1, Y=2, E=5,
+ 1 0 8 5 N=6, D=7, R=8, S=9
----------
1 0 6 5 2
261)Brain Teaser No : 00035
In a s#orts contest there were edals awarded on n successi"e da's -n C 12.
1. &n the first day 1 medal and 1I5 of the remaining m 7 1 medals were awarded.
!. &n the second day ! medals and 1I5 of the now remaining medals was awarded6 and so on.
". &n the n
th
and last day, the remaining n medals were awarded.
How many days did the contest last, and how many medals were awarded altogether*
Answer
Total %3 medals were awarded and the contest was "or 3 da$s.
&n day 1B 1edals awarded = .1 @ "5I5/ = D B ;emaining "0 medals
&n day !B 1edals awarded = .! @ !#I5/ = D B ;emaining !4 medals
&n day "B 1edals awarded = ." @ !1I5/ = D B ;emaining 1# medals
&n day 4B 1edals awarded = .4 @ 14I5/ = D B ;emaining 1! medals
&n day 5B 1edals awarded = .5 @5I5/ = D B ;emaining D medals
&n day DB 1edals awarded D
4 got this answer by writing small program. 4f anyone ,now any other simpler method, do
submit it.
262)Brain Teaser No : 00193
If one #erson sends the eBail to two friends6 as:in! each of the to co#' the ail and send
it to two of their friends6 those in turn send it to two of their friends and so on.
8ow an' eBails would ha"e been sent b' the tie it did (4 sets9
Answer
*)212>%323
-irst person sent the mail to ! persons. 2hose ! sent the mail to ! persons each, total 4
persons. %ow, those 4 person sent mail to total # persons, then # to 1D persons, 1D to "!
persons and so on.... Hence, it a series of !, 4, #, 1D, "! upto "0 numbers
4t is a Ceometric series with common ratio ! and first number is also !. ummation of such
series is gi0en by A G .;
n
7 1/ I .; 7 1/ where
A = -irst term
; = )ommon ;atio
n = total numbers
o total number of times mail sent by the time it did "0 sets
= ! G .!
"0
7 1/ I .! 7 1/
= ! G .105"541#!4 7 1/
= ! G 105"541#!"
= !1454#"D4D
263)Brain Teaser No : 00276
A fro! starts clibin! 1; feet wall. Each hour he clibs ( feet and rests for (4 inutes.
Durin! rest6 he sli#s bac: % feet.
8ow an' hours does the fro! ta:e to reach the to#9
Answer
)4 hours
A frog climbs 1 foot per 1 1I! hours as during "0 minutes rest he slips bac, ! feet. 2his way he
will climb 1! feet in 1# hours. 4n ne't hour he will climb " more feet i.e. he will complete 15 feet
in 1E hours and will reach the top of the wall.
264)Brain Teaser No : 00354
8ere is the G ste# #roof which sa's %,1.
a and b are non-zero integers.
1. a = b
2. a*a = a*b
3. a*a - b*b = a*b - b*b
4. (a + b) * (a - b) = b * (a - b)
5. a + b = b
6. 2*b = b
7. 2 = 1
4s it )orrect* 4f not, then what is wrong with the proof*
Answer
2he proof is false. 4t is ob0ious that ! is not e:ual to 1. 2he step 5 is wrong although it is 8ust a
di0iding both the sides by .a 7 b/.
4t is gi0en in the first step that a = b which means that .a 7 b/ = 0. Lou get step 5 after di0iding
both the sides by .a 7b/. $ut you can not di0ide by .a 7 b/ as in mathematics di0ision by 0 is not
a 0alid operation. .Di+ision b$ Pero/
265)Brain Teaser No : 00436
8ow lon! would it ta:e 'ou to count 1 billion orall' if 'ou could count %44 e"er' inute
and were !i"en a da' off e"er' four 'ears9
Assue that 'ou start countin! on 1 Ranuar' %441.
Answer
4 Lears, )>1 Da$s, / ;ours, *: minutes
As you can count !00 per minute, to count 1 billion you re:uire
= 1,000,000,000I!00 minutes
= 5,000,000 minutes
= #","""."""" hours
= ",45!.!!!! days
= E.51!E"5 years
= E Lears, 1#5 (ays, 5 Hours, !0 minutes
%ote that a day off e0ery four year will be a Leap day. Hence, no need to consider leap year.
266)Brain Teaser No : 00540
In *olunBI below6 are !i"en soe words. These ha"e been translated into a code lan!ua!e.
The code e&ui"alents of the words in *olunBI are !i"en in *olunBII6 not necessaril'
o##osite to the corres#ondin! words. Also6 the codes for the different letters in each word
ha"e also not been !i"en the sae order as these letter occur in the ori!inal word.
COLUMN-I COLUMN-II
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
DELIBERATION aemrqs
CONSIDERATE ccehlmo
GHOSTLIKE cfhmoqqrx
WORLDLY cdgmqrsxz
KNOWLEDGE adefmopqqsz
ROCKET cefkmopqqszz
)an you decode the indi0idual letter codes*
Answer
+e first find the e'act codes of the each gi0en words.
(>L4$>;A24&% is a 1!7letter word. o its code is cef,mop::sHH.
)&%4(>;A2> is a 117letter word. o its code is adefmop::sH.
CH&2L4<> and <%&+L>(C> both are E7letter words. $ut <%&+L>(C> has ! >'s and so
its code is cfhmo::r' and hence the code for CH&2L4<> is cdgm:rs'H.
+&;L(LL is a 57letter word. o its code is ccehlmo.
;&)<>2 is a D7letter word. o its code is aemr:s.
2hus, the words and their codes areB
DELIBERATION cefkmopqqszz
CONSIDERATE adefmopqqsz
GHOSTLIKE cdgmqrsxz
WORLDLY ccehlmo
KNOWLEDGE cfhmoqqrx
ROCKET aemrqs
2he common letter in the gi0en words is & and the common code letter is m. o m stands for
&.
4n CH&2L4<> and +&;L(LL, the other common code letter c stands for L.
4n +&;L(LL and ;&)<>2, the other common code letter e stands for ;.
4n (>L4$>;A24&% and +&;L(LL, the remaining common code letter .other than c, e and m/
o stands for (.
+or,ing similarly, we get a7), c7L, d7, e7;, f7%, g7H, h7+, ,7$, l7L, m7&, o7(, p7A, :7>, r7<, s7
2, '7C, H74
267)Brain Teaser No : 00330
The secret a!ent H eailed a code word to his head office. The' are OAIM DNE OAT TIE
MODO. But four of these fi"e words are fa:e and onl' one contains the inforation.
The a!ent H also ailed a sentence as a clue B if I tell 'ou an' one character of the code
word6 'ou would be able to tell the nuber of "owels in the code word.
*an 'ou tell which is the code word9
Answer
The code word is TIE.
4f you were told any one character of 1&(, then you would not be able to determine whether
the number of 0owels are one or two. e.g. if you were told 1, there are two words with 1 7 A41
with ! 0owels and 1&( with 1 0owel. o you would not be able to say the number of 0owels.
ame arguments can be gi0en for characters & and (.
Hence, the word with any one of 1, & or ( is not a code word i.e. A41, (?>, &A2 and 1&(
are not the code word. 2hus, 24> is the code word.
2 B two words 7 24> and &A2, both with ! 0owels
4 B two words 7 24> and A41, both with ! 0owels
> B two words 7 24> and (?>, both with ! 0owels.
268)Brain Teaser No : 00041
A #ol'!on has 1(%; dia!onals. 8ow an' "ertices does it ha"e9
Answer
2he formula to find number of diagonals .(/ gi0en total number of 0ertices or sides .%/ is
N * (N - 3)
D = -----------
2
?sing the formula, we get
1"!5 G ! = % G .% 7 "/
%
!
7 "% 7 !D50 = 0
ol0ing the :uadratic e:uation, we get % = 5" or 750
4t is ob0ious that answer is /% as number of 0ertices can not be negati0e.
Alternati0ely, you can deri0e the formula as triange has 0 diagonals, :uadrangel has !,
pentagon has 5, he'agon has E and so on......
Hence the series is 0, 0, 0, !, 5, E, 14, ........ .as diagram with 1,! or " 0ertices will ha0e 0
diagonals/.
?sing the series one can arri0e to the formula gi0en abo0e.
269)Brain Teaser No : 00127
<rass in lawn !rows e&uall' thic: and in a unifor rate. It ta:es %3 da's for G4 cows and 74
da's for (4 cows to eat the whole of the !rass.
8ow an' cows are needed to eat the !rass in D7 da's9
Answer
*: cows
g 7 grass at the beginning
r 7 rate at which grass grows, per day
y 7 rate at which one cow eats grass, per day
n 7 no of cows to eat the grass in ED days
-rom gi0en data,
g @ !4Gr = 50 G !4 G y 7777777777 A
g @ D0Gr = "0 G D0 G y 7777777777 $
g @ EDGr = n G ED G y 7777777777 )
ol0ing for .$7A/,
.D0 G r/ 7 .!4 G r/ = ."0 G D0 G y/ 7 .50 G !4 G y/
"D G r = 1!0 G y 7777777777 (
ol0ing for .)7$/,
.ED G r/ 7 .D0 G r/ = .n G ED G y/ 7 ."0 G D0 G y/
"D G r = .n G ED 7 "0 G D0/ G y
1!0 G y = .n G ED 7 "0 G D0/ G y U-rom (V
1!0 = .n G ED 7 1#00/
n = !0
Hence, !0 cows are needed to eat the grass in ED days.
270)Brain Teaser No : 00019
There are ( #ersons H6 M and Y. On soe da'6 H lent tractors to M and Y as an' as the'
had. After a onth M !a"e as an' tractors to H and Y as an' as the' ha"e. After a onth
Y did the sae thin!. At the end of this transaction each one of the had %3.
=ind the tractors each ori!inall' had9
Answer
&ne way to sol0e it is by ma,ing " e:uations and sol0e them simultaneously. $ut there is
rather easier way to sol0e it using $ac,tracing.
4t's gi0en that at the end, each had !4 tractors .!4, !4, !4/ i.e. after N ga0e tractors to K 3 L as
many as they had. 4t means that after getting tractors from N their tractors got doubled. o
before N ga0e them tractors, they had 1! tractors each and N had 4# tractors. .1!, 1!, 4#/
imilarly, before L ga0e tractors to K 3 N, they had D 3 !4 tractors respecti0ely and L had 4!
tractors i.e. .D, 4!, !4/
Again, before K ga0e tractors to L 3 N, they had !1 3 1! tractors respecti0ely and K had "E
tractors i.e. ."E, !1, 1!/
Hence, initially Q had %4 tractors, L had *) tractors and P had )* tractors.
271)Brain Teaser No : 00078
RIMAL SERIES
Decide what the ne$t ; fi!ures in this series should be:
4114141444141444141444
Answer
)::::
2he title holds a hint, although this is still a tough puHHle. 2he series begins with the number 1,
3 continues through !!, gi0ing a 1 for each prime number, 3 a 0 for each number that is not
prime.
&f the last 5 numbers .!"7!5/, only !" is prime.
272)Brain Teaser No : 00123
A soldier looses his wa' in a thic: Eun!le. At rando he wal:s fro his ca# but
atheaticall' in an interestin! fashion.
=irst he wal:s one ile East then half ile to North. Then 1+3 ile to Kest6 then 1+> ile to
South and so on a:in! a loo#.
=inall' how far he is fro his ca# and in which direction9
Answer
The soldier is :.>422 miles awa$ "rom his camp towards EastCNorth.
4t is ob0ious that he is in >ast7%orth direction.
(istance tra0elled in %orth and outh directions
= 1I! 7 1I# @ 1I"! 7 1I1!# @ 1I51! 7 1I!04# @ and so on... .a geometric series with r = .71I4/ /
.1I!/ G . 1 7 .71I4/
n
/
= 777777777777777777777777777
. 1 7 .71I4/ /
= 1 I . ! G . 1 7 .71I4/ / /
= !I5
imilarly in >ast and +est directions
= 1 7 1I4 @ 1I1D 7 1ID4 @ 1I!5D 7 and so on... .a geometric series with r = .71I4/ /
.1/ G . 1 7 .71I4/
n
/
= 777777777777777777777777777
. 1 7 .71I4/ /
= 1 I . . 17 .71I4/ /
= 4I5
o the soldier is 4I5 miles away towards >ast and !I5 miles away towards %orth. o using
right angled triangle, soldier is 0.#E44 miles away from his camp.
273)Brain Teaser No : 00257
If AFB,*6 DB*,A and EBB,*6 then what does DF= stands for9 .ro"ide 'our answer in
letter ters as well as in nuber ters.
Answer
E or ):
A simple one.
Assume that each character represents the number e:ui0alent to the position in the alphabet
i.e. A = 1, $ = !, ) = ", ( = 4 and so on. %ow let's chec, our assumption.
A @ $ = ) i.e. 1 @ ! = "
( 7 ) = A i.e. 4 7 " = 1
> 7 $ = ) i.e. 5 7 ! = "
2hus, our assumption was )orrect. Hence, ( @ - = A i.e. 4 @ D = 10
274)Brain Teaser No : 00580
In *olunBI below6 are !i"en soe words. These ha"e been translated into a code lan!ua!e.
The code e&ui"alents of the words in *olunBI are !i"en in *olunBII6 not necessaril'
o##osite to the corres#ondin! words. Also6 the codes for the different letters in each word
ha"e also not been !i"en the sae order as these letter occur in the ori!inal word.
COLUMN-I COLUMN-II
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
TAPE moi
COP lhhpok
TIE nls
ROTATE nhpk
SAY nkpl
TREAT msr
YEAR khlph
SIP hrp
TYRE pmlh
)an you decode the indi0idual letter codes*
Answer
+e first find the e'act codes of the each gi0en words.
;&2A2> is a D7letter word. o its code is lhhpo,. And h is "or T.
2;>A2 is a 57letter word. o its code is ,hlph.
2he 47letter words are 2A9>, L>A;, 2L;> and codes are nhp,, n,pl, pmlh. L>A; and 2L;>
ha0e " letters in common .L, >, ;/. 2hey must be either nhp, or n,pl. Hence, the code for
2A9> is pmlh and m is "or P. Also the code for 2L;> is nhp, .as h is for 2/ and the code for
L>A; is n,pl.
2he "7letter words are )&9, 24>, AL, 49 and codes are moi, nls, msr, hrp.
2he code for 24> is hrp.
2he code for 49 is msr.
2he code for )&9 is moi. And the code for AL is nls.
2hus, the words and their codes areB
ROTATE lhhpok
TREAT khlph
TAPE pmlh
TYRE nhpk
YEAR nkpl
TIE hrp
COP moi
SIP msr
SAY nls
o far we ,now that h is for 2 and m is for 9.
4n AL and 49, the common letter is stands for s.
4n 2L;> and AL, the common letter L stands for n.
2hus, in AL, the remaining letter A stands for l.
4n 24> and 49, the common letter 4 stands for r.
2hus, in 24>, the remaining letter > stands for p.
4n ;&2A2> and )&9, the common letter & stands for o.
2hus, in ;&2A2>, the remaining letter ; stands for ,.
Also, in )&9, the remaining letter ) stands for i.
ummeriHing h72, i7), ,7;, l7A, m79, n7L, o7&, p7>, r74, s7
275)Brain Teaser No : 00319
Substitute di!its for the letters to a:e the followin! relation true.
S T I L L
+ W I T H I N
--------------------
L I M I T S
%ote that the leftmost letter can't be Hero in any word. Also, there must be a one7to7one mapping
between digits and letters. e.g. if you substitute " for the letter , no other letter can be " and all
other in the puHHle must be ".
Answer
2he 0alue of L must be one more than + i.e. L=+@1 and there must be one carry from @4=4.
Also, the 0alue of must be E as @4=4 with one carry from 2@2=1, which means that the
0alue of 2 must be greater than 4.
-rom 4@H=4, the 0alue of H must be 0 as the 0alue of is E.
%ow, applying all those constraints and using trial7n7error, we get two possible answers.
9 7 1 6 6 9 8 5 3 3
+ 5 1 7 0 1 3 + 2 5 8 0 5 6
--------------- ---------------
6 1 4 1 7 9 3 5 6 5 8 9
276)Brain Teaser No : 00042
An eer!enc' "ehicle tra"els 14 iles at a s#eed of ;4 iles #er hour.
8ow fast ust the "ehicle tra"el on the return tri# if the roundBtri# tra"el tie is to be %4
inutes9
Answer
+hile going to the destination, the 0ehicle tra0els 10 mils at the speed of 50 miles per hour. o
the time ta,en to tra0el 10 miles is
= .D0 G 10/ I 50
= 1! minutes
%ow it's gi0en that round7trip tra0el time is !0 minutes. o the 0ehicle should complete its
return trip of 10 miles in # minutes. o the speed of the 0ehicle must
= .D0 G 10/ I #
= 1/ miles per hour