BI TP S DNG PHNG TRNH ION THU GN Bi 1 :Mt dung dch A cha HCl v H2SO4 theo t l mol 3 : 1.

trung ho 100 ml dung dch A cn 50 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5 M. a, Tnh nng mol ca mi axit. b, 200 ml dung dch A trung ho ht bao nhiu ml dung dch baz B cha NaOH 0,2 M v Ba(OH)2 0,1 M? c, Tnh tng khi lng mui thu c sau phn ng gia dung dch A v B ? Bi 2 :Cho 200 ml dung dch A cha HCl 1 (M) v HNO3 2(M) tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch B cha NaOH 0,8 (M) v KOH (cha r nng ) thu c dung dch C. Bit rng trung ho 100 ml dung dch C cn 60 ml dung dch HCl 1 M, tnh : a, Nng ban u ca KOH trong dung dch B. b, Khi lng cht rn thu c khi c cn ton b dung dch C. Bi 3 : a, Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 13 (dung dch A). trung ho 10 ml dung dch A cn 10 ml dung dch B cha 2 axit HCl v H2SO4. Xc nh pH ca dung dch B ? b, Trn 100 ml dung dch A vi 100 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 a (M), thu c dung dch C. trung ho dung dch 500 ml dung dch C cn 350 ml dung dch B. Xc nh nng mol Ba(OH)2. Bi 4: Cho 40 ml dung dch HCl 0,75 M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi Ba(OH)2 0,08 M v KOH 0,04 M. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c. Cho bit : H . OH = 10-14 Bi 5: Trn dung dch A cha NaOH v dung dch B cha Ba(OH)2 theo th tch bng nhau c dung dch C. Trung ha 100 ml dung dch C cn dng ht 35 ml dung dch H2SO4 2M v thu c 9,32 gam kt ta. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc dung dch A v B. Cn phi trn bao nhiu ml dung dch B vi 20 ml dung dch A thu c dung dch ha tan va ht 1,08 gam Al. Bi 6: Tnh th tch dd Ba(OH)2 0,04M cn cho vo 100ml dd gm HNO3 0,1M v HCl 0,06 M c pH ca dd thu c = 2,0. Bi 7: a/ Cho hn hp gm FeS2 , FeCO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng d thu c dung dch A v hn hp kh B gm NO2 v CO2 . Thm dung dch BaCl2 vo dung dch A. Hp th hn hp kh B bng dung dch NaOH d. Vit phng trnh phn t v phng trnh ion thu gon ca cc phn ng xy ra. b/ Trn 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M v H2SO4 0,05M vi 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 c nng a mol/l thu c m gam kt tav 500 ml dung dch c pH = 13. Tnh a v m. Bi 8: Cho hai dung dch H2SO4 c pH =1 v pH = 2. Thm 100 ml dung dch KOH 0,1M vo 100 ml mi dung dch trn. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc dung dch thu c. Bi 9: Ha tan mt mu hp kim Ba-Na ( vi t l s mol l 1: 1 ) vo nc thu c dung dch A v 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). a/ Cn dng bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl c pH = 1,0 trung ha 1/10 dung dch A. b/ Cho V lt kh CO2 (ktc) hp th ht vo 1/10 dung dch A th thu c 2,955 gam kt ta . Tnh V. c/ Thm m gam NaOH vo 1/10 dung dch A thu c dung dch B. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,2M thu c kt ta C. Tnh m cho lng kt ta C l ln nht, b nht. Tnh khi lng kt ta ln nht, b nht. Bi 10: Ho tan 7,83 (g) mt hn hp X gm 2 kim loi kim A, B thuc 2 chu k k tip trong bng tun hon c 1lit dung dch C v 2,8 lit kh bay ra (ktc) a, Xc nh A,B v s mol A, B trong C. b, Ly 500 ml dung dch C cho tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch D cha H2SO4 0,1 M v HCl nng x. Tnh x bit rng dung dch E thu c trung tnh. c, Tnh tng khi lng mui thu c sau khi c cn dung dch E. Bi 11: Mt dung dch A cha HNO3 v HCl theo t l mol 2 :1. a, Bit rng khi cho 200 ml dung dch A tc dng vi 100 ml NaOH 1 M th lng axit d trong A tc dng va vi 50 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2 M. Tnh nng mol ca mi axit trong dung dch A. b, Nu trn 500 ml dung dch A vi 100 ml dung dch B cha NaOH 1 M v Ba(OH)2 0,5 M th dung dch C thu c c tnh axit hay baz ? c, Phi thm vo dung dch C bao nhiu lit dung dch A hoc dung dch B c c dung dch D trung tnh ?

d, C cn dung dch D. Tnh khi lng mui khan thu c. Bi 12: 100 ml dung dch X cha H2SO4 v HCl theo t l mol 1 : 1. trung ho 100 ml dung dch X cn 400 ml dung dch NaOH 5% ( d = 1,2 g/ml) a, Tnh nng mol ca mi axit trong dung dch X. b, Nu C% NaCl sau phn ng l 1,95. Tnh khi lng ring ca dung dch X v nng % ca mi axit trong dung dch X ? c, Mt dung dch Y cha 2 baz NaOH v Ba(OH)2. Bit rng 100 ml dung dch X trung ho va 100 ml dung dch Y ng thi to ra 23,3 gam kt ta. Chng minh Ba2+ trong dung dch Y kt ta ht. Tnh nng mol ca mi baz trong dung dch Y. Bi 13: Thm 100 ml nc vo 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 c 200 ml dung dch X (d = 1,1 g/ml). a, Bit rng 10 ml dung dch X trung ho va 10 ml dung dch NaOH 2 M, Tnh nng mol v khi lng ring d ca dung dch H2SO4 ban u. b, Ly 100 ml dung dch X, thm vo 100 ml dung dch HCl c 200 ml dung dch Y. Khi trung ho va 100 ml dung dch X bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH th thu c 2 mui vi t l khi lng : mNaCl : mNa 2 SO 4 = 1,17 Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HCl v NaOH. Bi 14 : Cho 35 gam hn hp X gm Na2CO3 v K2CO3. Thm t t , khuy u 0,8 lit HCl 0,5 M vo dung dch X trn thy c 2,24 lit kh CO2 thot ra ktc v dung dch Y. Thm Ca(OH)2 vo dung dch Y c kt ta A. Tnh khi lng mi cht trong X v khi lng kt ta A ? Bi 15 : Cho 10,5 gam hn hp X gm Na2CO3 v K2CO3 tc dng vi HCl d th thu c 2,016 lit CO2 ktc. a, Tnh % khi lng X ? b, Ly 21 gam hn hp Na2CO3 v K2CO3 vi thnh phn % nh trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl va (khng c kh CO2 bay ra). Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 2M cn dng ? c, Nu thm t t 0,12 lit dung dch HCl 2M vo dung dch cha 21 gam hn hp X trn. Tnh th tch CO2 thot ra ktc ? Bi 16: C 200 ml dung dch A gm : NaOH 1M v KOH 0,5 M. Sc V lit kh CO2 ktc vi cc trng hp V1 = 2,24 lit, V2 = 8,96 lit, V3 = 4,48 lit. Thu c dung dch B, c cn B thu c m gam cht rn khan. Tnh m trong cc trng hp ? Bi 17 C 1 lt dung dch hn hp gm Na2CO3 0,1M v (NH4)2CO3 0,25M. Cho 43 gam hn hp BaCl2 v CaCl2 vo dung dch . Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 39,7 gam kt ta A v dung dch B. a/ Tnh khi lng cc cht trong kt ta A. b/ Chia dung dch B thnh 2 phn bng nhau: Phn I: cho dung dch axit HCl d vo, sau c cn dung dch v nung cht rn sau c cn nhit cao n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn X. Tnh % khi lng cht rn X. Thm t t 270 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M vo phn II sau un nh kh bay ra. Hy cho bit tng khi lng dung dch gim bao nhiu gam? Gi s nc bay hi khng ng k. Bi 18: Ha tan hon ton m1 gam kim loi kim A vo nc, c dung dch X v V1 lt kh bay ra. Cho V2 lt kh CO2 hp th hon ton vo dung dch X, c dung dch Y cha m2 gam cht tan. Cho dung dch Y tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy thot ra V2 lt kh . Cc th tch kh u o iu kin tiu chun. a, Cho V2 = V3. Hy bin lun thnh phn cht ta trong dung dch Y theo V1 v V2. b, Cho V2=5/3V1: - Hy lp biu thc tnh m1 theo m2 v V1. - Cho m2 = 4,42 gam; V1 = 0,672 lt. Hy tnh m1 v tnh nguyn t khi ca A. Bi 19: Cho t t dung dch A cha x mol HCl vo dung dch B cha y mol Na2CO3. Sau khi cho ht A vo B ta c dung dch C. Hi trong dung dch C c nhng cht g? Bao nhiu mol ( tnh theo x, y). Nu x = 2y th pH ca dung dch C bng bao nhiu sau khi un nh ui ht kh. Bi 20: Ha tan hon ton 11,2 gam CaO vo nc thu c dung dch A. 1/ Nu cho kh CO2 sc qua dung dch A v sau khi kt thc th nghim thy c 2,5 gam kt ta. Tnh th tch kh CO2 (ktc) tham gia phn ng.

2/ Ha tan hon ton 28,1 gam hn hp X gm BaCO3 v MgCO3 (chim a% v khi lng) trong dung dch HCl d thu c kh CO2. Hp th kh CO2 bng dung dch A. a/ Chng minh rng sau phn ng thu c kt ta. b/ Vi gi tr no ca a th lng kt ta thu c l cc i ? cc tiu ? Tnh khi lng kt ta . Bi 21: Cho 17,4 gam hn hp bt A gm Al, Fe, Cu vo 400 ml dung dch CuSO4 nng 0,875M khuy u cho phn ng xy ra hon ton . Sau phn ng, thu c dung dch X v kt ta B gm 2 kim loi c khi lng l 31,6 gam. Cho B v dung dch H2SO4 c nng d th thu c 11,76 lit kh SO2 ( o ktc) a, Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra b, Tnh khi lng cc kim loi trong 17,4 gam hn hp A. c, Tnh th tch dung dch Y gm Ba(OH)2 0,25M v NaOH 0,3 M cn cho vo dung dch X kt ta hon ton cc ion kim loi trong dung dch X. Lc ly kt ta , em nung trong khng kh nhit cao. - Vit PTP . (i vi cc phn ng xy ra trong dung dch yu cu vit dng ion thu gn). - Tnh khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng. ( Gi thit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton v BaSO4 coi nh khng b nhit phn ) Bi 22: Mt hn hp X gm 2 mui Na2CO3 c khi lng l 17,5 (g). Khi thm t t v khuy u 0,8 lit dung dch HCl 0,25 M vo dung dch cha 2 mui trn th c kh CO2 thot ra (ktc) v dung dch Y. Thm dung dch Ca(OH)2 d vo dung dch Y thu c kt ta A. a, Tnh khi lng mi mui trong X v kt ta A ? b, Thm x (g) NaHCO3 vo hn hp X thu c hn hp Z. Cng lm th nghim nh trn, th tch HCl l 1 lit thu c dung dch T. Khi thm dung dch Ca(OH)2 vo dung dch T c 30 (g) kt ta A. Xc nh khi lng CO2 v tnh X ? Bi 23: Mt hn hp X gm NaHCO3, Na2CO3 , K2CO3 c khi lng l mX = 46,6 gam. Chia X thnh 2 phn bng nhau: Phn I : Tc dng vi dung dch CaCl2 d thu c 15 gam kt ta. Phn II: Tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 20 gam kt ta. a/ Tnh khi lng mi mui trong hn hp X ban u. b/ Ha tan hon ton 46,6 gam hn hp X vo nc thu c dung dch A. Thm t t dung dch HCl 2M vo dung dch A. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 2M ti thiu cn cho vo dung dch A bt u c kh bay ra v c lng kh thot ra ti a. Phn trc nghim Cu 1 : Th tch dung dch HCl 0,3M cn trung ho 100ml dung dch hn hp: NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M l A. 100ml. B. 150ml. C. 200ml. D. 250ml. Cu 2 : trung ho 150ml dung dch X gm NaOH 1M v Ba(OH)2 0,5M cn bao nhiu ml dung dch cha HCl 0,3M v H2SO4 0,1M ? A.180. B. 600. C. 450. D. 90. Cu 3 : Dung dch X cha hn hp KOH v Ba(OH)2 c nng tng ng l 0,2M v 0,1M. Dung dch Y cha hn hp H2SO4 v HCl c nng ln lt l 0,25M v 0,75M. Th tnh dung dch X cn trung ho va 40ml dung dch Y l A. 0,063 lt. B. 0,125 lt. C. 0,15 lt. D. 0,25 lt Cu 4 : Trn 250ml dung dch hn hp HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01 M vi 250ml dung dch NaOH x M c 500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Gi tr ca x l A. 0,1. B. 0,12. C. 0,13. D. 0,14. Cu 5 : Trn 3 dung dch HCl 0,3M ; H2SO4 0,2M v H3PO4 0,1M vi nhng th tch bng nhau thu c dung dch X. Dung dch Y gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M. trung ho 300ml dung dch X cn va V ml dung dch Y. Gi tr ca V l A. 200. B. 333,3. C. 600. D. 1000. Cu 6 : Hp thu hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M, sinh ra m gm kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 19,7 B. 17,73. C. 9,85. D. 11,82.

Cu 7 : Ho tan mu hp kim Na - Ba (t l 1 : l) vo nc c dung dch X v 0,672 lt kh (ktc). Sc 1,008 lt CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch X c m (gam) kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 3,94. B. 2,955. C. 1,97. D. 2,364. Cu 8 : Cho V lt dung dch NaOH 2M vo dung dch cha 0,1 mol Al2(SO4)3; 0,05 mol HCl v 0,025 mol H2SO4 n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 7,8 gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V thu c lng kt ta trn l A. 0,4 B. 0,35. C. 0,25. D. 0,2. Cu 9 : Thm m gam Kali vo 300ml dung dch cha Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1 M thu c dung dch X. Cho t t dung dch X vo 200ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,1 M thu c kt ta Y. lng kt ta Y ln nht thi gi tr ca m l A. 1,17. B. 1,71. C. 1,95. D. 1,59. Cu 10 : Dung dch X gm cc cht NaAlO2 0,16 mol; Na2SO4 0,56 mol; NaOH 0,66 mol. Th tch ca dung dch HCl 2M cn cho vo dung dch X thu c 0,1 mol kt ta l A. 0,50 lt hoc 0,41 lt. B. 0,41 lt hoc 0,38 lt. C. 0,38 lt hoc 0,50 lt. D. 0,25 lt hoc 0,50 lt. Cu 11 : Cho 3,2 gam bt Cu tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp gm HNO3 0,8M v H2SO4 0,2 M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phn kh duy nht ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 0,746. B. 0,448. C. 1,792. D. 0,672. Cu 12 : Ho tan 9,6 gam bt Cu bng 200ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,5M v H2SO4 1,0M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c kh NO v dung dch X. C cn cn thn dung dch X c khi lng mui khan l A. 28,2 gam B. 35,0 gam. C. 24,0 gam. D. 15,8 gam. Cu 13 : Cho 5,8 gam FeCO3 tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 c hn hp kh CO2, NO v dung dch X. Khi thm dung dch H2SO4 long d vo X th dung dch thu c ho tan ti a m gam Cu (bit rng c kh NO bay ra). Gi tr ca m l A. 16 B. 14,4 C. 1,6 D. 17,6 Cu 14 : Ho tan 9,6 gam bt Cu bng 200ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,5M v H2SO4 1,0M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c kh NO v dung dch X . C cn cn thn dung dch X c khi lng mui khan l A. 28,2 gam. B. 25,4 gam. C. 24 gam. D. 32 gam. 3+ 2+ Cu 15 : Dung dch X cha cc ion : Fe , SO4 , NH4 , Cl . Chia dung dch X thnh hai phn bng nhau: - Phn 1: tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam kt ta; - Phn 2: tc dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl2 thu c 4,66 gam kt ta. Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi) A. 3,73 gam. B. 7,04 gam. C. 7,46 gam. D. 3,52 gam. 2+ + Cu 16 : Dung dch X cha 0,025 mol CO3 ; 0,1 mol Na ; 0,25 mol NH4 v 0,3 mol Cl- . Cho 270ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M vo v un nng nh (gi s H2O bay hi khng ng k). Tng khi lng dung dch X v dung dch Ba(OH)2 sau qu trnh phn ng gim i l : A. 4,215 gam. B. 5,296 gam. C. 6,761 gam. D. 7,015 gam. Cu 17 : Cho hn hp X gm 0,05 mol CaCl2; 0,03 mol KHCO3; 0,05 mol NaHCO3; 0,04 mol Na2O; 0,03 mol Ba(NO3)2 vo 437,85 gam H2O. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c a gam kt ta v dung dch Y c khi lng l A. 420 gam. B. 400 gam. C. 440gam. D. 450 gam Cu 18 : Cho hn hp gm 0,15 mol CuFeS2 v 0,09 mol Cu2FeS2 tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c dung dch X v hn hp kh Y gam NO v NO2 . Thm BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c m gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu thm Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch X, ly kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c x gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m v x ln lt l : A. 111,84 v 157,44. B. 111,84 v 167,44. C. 112,84 v 157,44. D. 112,84 v 167,44.