Unit 1: Long vowel /i:/ Nguyn m di /i:/

Introduction Cch pht m: li a hng ln trn v ra pha trc, khong cch mi trn v di hp, m rng ming sang 2 bn

Examples Example sheep meal marine see bean heel peel cheap seat eat leek cheek meat cheese tea pea three key fleece machine Transcription Listen Meaning con cu ba n thuc bin nhn, trng ht u gt chn ci xng r ch ngi n ti ty m tht ph mt tr u H Lan s 3 cha kha lng cu my mc

/i:p/ /mi:l/ /m'ri:n/ /si:/ /bi:n/ /hi:l/ /pi:l/ /ti:p/ /si:t/ /i:t/ /li:k/ /ti:k/ /mi:t/ /ti:z/ /ti:/ /pi:/ /ri:/ /ki:/ /fli:s/ /m'i:n/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /i:/ (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l /i:/) Cc nguyn m khc nhau s cng c pht m l /i:/ trong nhng hp c th nh sau: . m "e" Example scene complete cede secede benzene kerosene Vietnamese Transcription Listen Meaning phong cnh hon ton nhng, nhng b phn ly, ly khai cht bng din du ho, du hi ngi Vit Nam

/sin/ /km'plit/ /si:d/ /s'si:d/ /'benzi:n/ /'kersi:n/ /vjetn'mi:z/

i:/ khi: t c tn cng l"ea" hoc "ea" + mt ph m.

Example tea meal easy cheap meat dream heat neat breathe creature East

Transcription

Listen

Meaning tr ba n d dng r tht gic m, m hi nng gn gng th, thi nh to vt hng ng

/ti:/ /mi:l/ /'i:z/ /ti:p/ /mi:t/ /dri:m/ /hi:t/ /ni:t/ /bri:/ /'kri:t/ /i:st/

Example three see free heel screen cheese agree guarantee

Transcription

Listen

Meaning s 3 nhn, trng, thy t do gt chn mn nh pho-mt ng bo m, cam oan

/ri:/ /si:/ /fri:/ /hi:l/ /skri:n/ /ti:z/ /'gri:/ /grn'ti:/

Example receive ceiling receipt seize deceive seignior

Transcription

Listen

Meaning nhn c trn nh giy bin lai nm ly, tm ly nh la, la o lnh cha

/r'si:v/ /'si:l/ /r'si:t/ /si:z/ /d'si:v/ /'si:nj/

c pht m l /ei/, /ai/, // hoc /e/

Example eight height heir heifer

Transcription

Listen

Meaning s tm chiu cao ngi tha k b ni t

/et/ /hat/ /h/ /'hef/

/ki:/ cha khoc pht m l /e/ hay /i/ vd: prey /preney /mn/" c pht m l /i:/ khi n l nhng nguyn m gia mt ch key Example grief chief believe belief relieve relief grievance grievous Transcription Listen Meaning ni lo bun ngi ng u tin tng nim tin, lng tin lm nh bt (au bun) s cu tr li trch, phn nn au kh, au n

/gri:f/ /ti:f/ /bi'li:v/ /bi'li:f/ /ri'li:v/ /ri'li:f/ /'gri:vns/ /'gri:vs/

Trng hp ngoi l:

Example friend science Practice

Transcription Listen

Meaning bn khoa hc

/frend/ /'sains/

Listen again and repeat all the examples about long vowel /i:/ above (nghe v nhc li tt c cc v d v nguyn m di /i:/ trn y).

Unit 2: Short vowel // Nguyn m ngn //

Introduction Cch pht m: li a hng ln trn v ra pha trc, khong cch mi trn v di hp, m rng ming sang 2 bn

So snh vi cch pht m /i:/ Khi pht m m // ngn, v tr li thp hn, khong cch mi trn-di rng hn v ming m rng 2 bn nhng hp hn mt cht so vi m /i:/ di Examples
Example him hymn sin ship bin it sit lick chick pill begin picture Transcription /hm/ /hm/ /sn/ /p/ /bn/ /t/ /st/ /lk/ /tk/ /pl/ /b'gn/ /'pkt/ Listen Meanings anh y bi thnh ca ti li, phm ti tu thuyn thng n ngi ci lim g con vin thuc bt u bc tranh

Example miss hill king six wig grin fish

Transcription /ms/ /hl/ /k/ /siks/ /wg/ /grn/ /f/

Listen

Meanings nh, nh i vua s 6 chi mng ci toe tot c

Identify the vowels which are pronounce // (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //)

Nhng trng hp pht m l // 1. a c pht m l // khi: i vi nhng danh t c hai m tit v c tn cng bng age
Example village cottage shortage baggage courage damage luggage message voyage passage Transcription /vld/ /ktd/ /td/ /bgd/ /krd/ /dmd/ /lgd/ /mesd/ /'vd/ /psd/ Listen Meanings lng x nh tranh, lu tranh tnh trng thiu ht hnh l trang b cm tay lng cam m s thit hi hnh l thng ip cuc du lch s i qua, thng qua

2. e c pht m l // trong tip u ng be, de v re

Example begin become behave defrost decide dethrone renew return remind reorganize

Transcription
/bgn/ /bkm/ /bhv/ /dfroust/ /dsad/ /droun/ /rnju/ /rtn/ /rmad/ /rgnaz/

Listen

Meanings bt u tr nn c x x nc quyt nh ph v, trut ph i mi tr v, hon li gi nh chnh n, t chc li

3. i c pht m l // trong t c mt m tit v tn cng bng mt hoc hai ph m i+ph m

Example win miss ship bit sit kit din dim grin him twin

Transcription
/wn/ /ms/ /p/ /bt/ /st/ /kt/ /dn/ /dm/ /grn/ /hm/ /twn/

Listen

Meanings chin thng nh thuyn, tu ming nh, mt mu ngi c, qun o ting n o (ci ni) m o, khng r ci toe tot sinh i n, ng y

4. "ui" c pht m l //
Example build guilt guinea guitar quilt quixotic equivalent colloquial mosquito

Transcription
/bld/ /glt/ /gn/ /g't/ /kwlt/ /kwkstk/ /Ikwvlnt/ /k'lkwl/ /mskt/

Listen

Meanings xy ct ti li ng tin Anh (21 shillings) n ghi ta nm bng c tnh anh hng rm tng ng thuc v i thoi con mui

Unit 3 Short vowel /e/ Nguyn m ngn /e/

Introduction Cch pht m: gn ging nh pht m //, nhng khong cch mi trn-di m rng hn, v tr li thp hn.

Examples: Example hen men ten head pen ben peg bell cheque hell gel dead pedal shell Transcription /hen/ /men/ /ten/ /hed/ /pen/ /ben/ /peg/ /bel/ /tek/ /hel/ /del/ /ded/ /'pedl/ /el/ Listen Meaning g mi n ng s mi ci u ci bt nh ni ci cht chung sc a ngc cht gel cht bn p v

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /e/ (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l /e/)pht Example many

Transcription
/'men/

Listen

Meanings nhiu

anyone

/'enwn/

bt c ngi no

ong m tit c nhn mnh ca mt t.

Example send debt them met get bed bell tell pen scent stretch member tender November eleven extend sensitive
i l:

Transcription
/send/ /det/ /em/ /met/ /get/ /bed/ /bel/ /tel/ /pen/ /sent/ /stret/ /'memb(r)/ /'tend(r)/ /n'vemb/ /'levn/ /isk'tend/ /'senstv/

Listen

Meanings gi i n nn, cng n chng n gp(qu kh ca meet) c, kim c, tr nn ci ging ci chung ni ci bt hng thm dui ra, ko di ra thnh vin, hi vin du dng, u ym thng mi mt mi mt tri rng, lan rng ra nhy cm,d xc ng

Example her term interpret

Transcription
/h/ /tm/ /n'tprt/

Listen

Meanings c, b, ch y thi hn thng ngn, phin dch

3. "ea" thng c pht m l /e/ trong mt s trng hp nh sau:

Example dead head bread ready heavy breath

Transcription
/ded/ /hed/ bred/ /'redi/ /'hev/ bre/

Listen

Meanings cht ci u bnh m sn sng nng th, hi th

Example leather breakfast steady jealous measure pleasure

Transcription
/'le/ /'brekfst/ /'stedi/ 'dels/ /'me/ /'ple/

Listen

Meanings da thuc ba n sng u u ghen t o lng s vui thch

Unit 4 Short vowel // Nguyn m ngn //

Introduction Cch pht m: V tr li thp, chuyn ng theo hng i xung, ming m rng. (nhn hnh v)

Examples Example cat had paddle shall gnat axe pan man sad bag Brad jam bad pat perhaps black slack bang hand

Transcription
/ct/ /hd/ /'pdl/ /l/ /nt/ /ks/ /pn/ /mn/ /sd/ /bg/ /brd/ /dm/ /bd/ /pt/ /phps/ /blk/ /slk/ /b/ /hnd/

Listen

Meanings
con mo qu kh ca to have s cho xung s loi mui nh, mui mt ci ru xoong, cho n ng bun ci ti inh nh u mt ti t v v c th mu en u oi ting n tay

Identify the vowels which are pronounce // (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) a c pht m l // trong cc trng hp: - Trong nhng t c mt m tit m tn cng bng mt hay nhiu ph m Example hat sad fat bank map fan slang tan rank dam thanks thatch chasm

Transcription
/ht/ /sd/ /ft/ /bk/ /mp/ /fn/ /sl/ /tn/ /rk/ /dm/ /ks/ /t/ /'kzm/

Listen

Meanings ci m bun bo ngn hng bn ci qut ting lng rm nng hng, cp bc p ngn nc li cm t r, rm hang su

- Khi trong mt m tit c nhn mnh ca mt ch c nhiu m tit v ng trc hai ph m Example candle captain baptize latter mallet narrow manner calculate unhappy

Transcription
/'kndl/ /'kptn/ /bptaz/ /'lt(r)]/ /'mlt/ /nr/ /'mn(r)]/ /klkjlet/ /nhpi/

Listen

Meanings cy nn i y, thuyn trng ra ti ngi sau, ci sau, mun hn cy chy cht, hp cch thc, th cch tnh, tnh ton khng hnh phc

- Ch : Mt s t ngi Anh c l /a/, ngi M c l // British English ask (hi) can't (khng th) commander /sk/ /knt/ /k'mnd/ Listen BE American English /sk/ /knt/ /k'mnd/ Listen AE

Unit 5
Short vowel // Nguyn m ngn //

Introduction Cch pht m: M ming rng bng 1/2 so vi khi pht m // a li v pha sau hn mt cht so vi khi pht m //

Examples Example up wonderful cut bun dump shutter stump cup hut suck bug hug must much sunny ugly shut down untrue Transcription Listen Meaning

/p/ /'wndfl/ /kt/ /bn/ /dmp/

/'t(r)/

ln trn, trn tuyt diu ct bnh bao nhn nho ng rc ca chp gc r, gc cy tch, chn tp lu mt, ht (v) con rp ci m cht phi nhiu nng, c nng xu x tt my (my tnh) sai, khng ng

/stmp/ /kp/ /ht/ /sk/ /bg/ /hg/ /mst/ /mt/ /sni/ /gli/ /'tdan/ /ntru/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce // (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) 1. "o" thng c pht m l // trong nhng t c mt m tit, v trong nhng m tit c nhn mnh ca nhng t c nhiu m tit. Example come some done love does dove other among monkey mother brother honey nothing company thorough Transcription Listen Meanings n, ti mt vi lm xong tnh yu lm (ngi th 3) chim b cu khc trong s, trong m con kh m anh, em trai mt ong khng c g cng ty hon ton, khp c

/km/ /sm/ /dn/ /lv/ /dz/ /dv/ /./ /m/ /m.ki/ /m/ /br/ /hni/ /n/ /kmpn/ /r/

2. "u" thng c pht m l // i vi nhng t c tn cng bng u+ph m Example but cup cult dust gun skull smug Transcription Listen Meanings nhng ci tch, chn s th cng bi khu sng s, xng s t mn, t c

/bt/ /kp/ /klt/ /dst/ /gn/ /skl/ /smg/

Trong nhng tip u ng un, um Example uneasy unhappy unable umbrella umbrage umbilicus Transcription Listen Meanings bi ri, lng tng khng sung sng khng th ci , d bng cy, bng mt ci rn

/niz/ /nhp/ /neb/ /mbrel/ /mbrd/ /m'blks/

3. "oo" thng c pht m l // Example blood flood Transcription Listen

trong mt s trng hp nh
Meanings mu, huyt l lt

/bld/ /fld/

4. "ou" thng c pht m l / i vi nhng t c nhm "ou" vi mt hay hai ph m Example country couple cousin trouble young rough touch tough nourish flourish southern enough double Transcription Listen Meanings lng qu i, cp h hng vn , rc ri tr, nh tui x x, gh gh ng, chm, s do dai, bng bnh nui dng pht t, phn thnh thuc phng nam , va gp i

/kntri/ /'kpl/ /'kzn/ /'trbl/ /j/ /rf/ /tt/ /tf/ /nr/ /flr/ /'s(r)n/ /nf/ /'dbl/

Unit 6 Long vowel // Nguyn m di //

Introduction Cch pht m: a li xung thp v v pha sau, ming m khng rng cng khng hp qu (nhn hnh v)

Example Example bar guard heart father start hard carp cart barn March marvelous smart hearken laugh Transcription Listen Meaning qun ru, qun bar bo v tri tim b bt u kh khn bt b, ch bai xe b, xe nga ngi nh n s thng ba k diu thng thi lng nghe (thng dng trong vn chng) ci

/b/ /gd/ /ht/ /f./ /stt/ /hd/ /kp/ /kt/ /bn/ /mt/ /mvls/ /smt/ /'hkn/ /lf/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce //(Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //)

1. "a" c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp Example bar father start hard carp smart Transcription Listen Meaning qun ru cha, b bt u kh khn bt b thng thi, thng minh

/b/ /f./ /stt/ /hd/ /kp/ /smt/

2. "ua" v "au" cng c th c pht m l // Example guard heart hearken laugh draught aunt laurel Transcription Listen Meaning bo v tri tim lng nghe (thng dng trong vn chng) ci s li ko c, d. thm ... cy nguyt qu

/gd/ /ht/ /'hkn/ /lf/ /drft/ /nt/ /'ll/

Unit 7 Short vowel // Nguyn m ngn //

Introduction Cch pht m: Nguyn m ny gia m na m v m m i vi v tr ca li, pht m trn mi.

Example Example shot lock cot pot shock top box block body lot odd hop comma rob robbery stop Transcription Listen Meaning n, vin n kha ci ln, nh tranh ci bnh, l s tn thng, sc nh cao ci hp khi, tng thn th, th xc nhiu lt vt, linh tinh bc nhy ngn, nhy l c du phy n trm, cp ot v trm dng li

/t/ /lk/ /kt/ /pt/ /k/ /tp/ /bks/ /blk/ /bdi/ /lt/ /d/ /hp/ /km/ /rb/ /rbri/ /stp/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce //(Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) "o" thng c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp Example dog stop bottle bother dolmen Transcription Listen Meanings con ch dng li ci chai lm phin, quy ry m (kho c hc)

/dg/ /stp/ /'btl/ /b/ dlmen/

Unit 8 Long vowel //

Nguyn m di //

Introduction Cch pht m: Li di chuyn v pha sau, phn li pha sau nng ln, mi trn v m rng

Example:
Example horse ball four caught cord port fork sport short gore pour awful court auction pause Transcription Listen Meaning con nga qu bng s 4 bt (qu kh ca catch) dy thng nh cng ci da th thao ngn hc (bng sng) rt, ng s, ti t ta n s bn u gi tm dng Hoocmn cha vim v d ng mua (qu kh ca buy) hay, hoc

/hs/ /bl/ /f(r)/ /kt/ /kd/ /pt/ /fk/ /spt/ /t/ /g(r)/ /p(r)/ /'fl/ /kt/ /'kn/ /pz/

cortisone /ktzn/ bought or

/bt/ /(r)/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce //(Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) 1. "a" c pht m l // trong nhng t c mt m tit m tn cng bng "ll" Example Transcription tall call small fall ball hall wall stall squall Listen Meanings cao cuc gi nh b ri, ng qu bng hi trng, phng hp ln bc tng sp hng, qun hng ht ln

/tl/ /kl/ /sml/ /fl/ /fl/ /hl/ /wl/ /stl/ /skwl/

shall /l/

Ngoi l:

phi, s

2. "o" thng c pht m l // trong nhng t c nhm or+ph m Example born corpse horn lord north pork sort thorn adorn corner Transcription Listen Meanings sinh ra xc cht ci xe lnh cha phng bc tht ln th, loi ci sng trang hong, t im gc, ch gc mp mp, bo ph cng c, lm mnh thm hooc mn chua cay (li ni) bui sng di ng, c th mang theo chn dung

/bn/ /kps/ /hn/ /ld/ /n/ /pk/ /st/ /n/ /'dn/ /'kn/

corpulent /'kpjulnt/ fortify hormone mordant morning portable portrait

/'ftfa/ /'hmn/ /'mdnt/ /'mn/ /'ptbl/ /'ptrt/

3. "au" thng c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp nh: Example fault haunt launch audience daughter naughty laundry Transcription Listen Meanings li lm, iu sai lm m nh, hay lui ti h thy (mt chic tu) thnh gi con gi(trong gia nh) h, xu nt tim git i ni huyn thuyn, lung tung

/flt/ /hnt/ /lnt/ /'dins/ /'dt(r)/ /'nt/ /'lndr/

maunder /'mnd(r)/

4. "aw" thng c pht m l // khi trong mt t c tn cng l aw hay aw+ph m Example Transcription Listen law bawl dawn crawl draw awful awkward bawdy tawny mawkish Meanings lut php ku, la ln bui bnh minh b, b l ko, li khng khip, hi hng vng v tc tu hung hung (mu sc) nht nho, y m

/l/ /bl/ /dn/ /krl/ /dr/ /'fl/ /'kwd/ /'bd/ /'tn/ /'mk/

5. "oa" c pht m l // khi ng trc "r" Example Transcription Listen board coarse soar hoar hoarse oar roar Meanings tm vn th l bay vt ln tc hoa rm th l, l mng mi cho gm rng

/bd/ /ks/ /s/ /h/ /hs/ /(r)/ /r(r)/

Unit 9 Short Vowel // Nguyn m ngn //

Introduction Cch pht m: li di chuyn v pha sau, mi m hp v trn.

Example Example Transcription Listen put cook good look rook book would could woman wolf full pull foot Meanings t, nu thc n tt nhn con qu sch thi qu kh ca will c th (qu kh ca can) ph n ch si y li ko chn, bn chn

/pt/ /kk/ /gd/ /lk/ /rk/ /bk/ /wd/ /kd/ /wmn/ /wlf/ /fl/ /pl/ /ft/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce //(Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //)

1. "o" c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp Example Transcription Listen wolf woman Meanings ch si n b

/wlf/ /'wmn/

2. "oo" thng c pht m l // Example Transcription Listen book good look wool cook foot wood took Meanings sch tt nhn len nu n chn g qu kh ca take

/bk/ /gd/ /lk/ /wl/ /kk/ /ft/ /wd/ /tk/

3. "ou" c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp : Example Transcription Listen could should would Meanings c th phi, nn s, mun

/kd/ /d/ /wd/

Unit 10 Long vowel /u:/ Nguyn m di /u:/

Introduction Cch pht m: mi m trn, nh. Li a v pha sau nhiu hn so vi khi pht m //

Example
Example Transcription Listen you too shoe blue Luke fool pool food glue choose hoop boot coot two who whose Meanings bn cng... giy mu xanh (tn ngi) ng ngn ao, b bi thc n keo dnh chn ci vng ng, giy ng chim sm cm s hai ai (ch ngi) ca ai (s hu)

/ju/ /tu/ /u/ /blu/ /luk/ /ful/ /pul/ /fud/ /glu/ /tuz/ /hup/ /but/ /kut/ /tu/ /hu/ /huz/

Example Transcription Listen true sue chew brew eschew cruise route through

Meanings ng kin nhai pha (tr), (bia) trnh lm, king c i chi bin tuyn ng thng sut, xuyn sut

/tru/ /su/ /tu/ /bru/ /stu/ /kruz/ /rut/ /ru/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /u/(Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l /u/) 1. "o" thng c pht m l // trong mt vi t thng dng c tn cng bng o hay o vi ph m.
Example Trancription Listen do move lose prove tomb remove Meanings lm c ng mt, nh mt chng minh m, m b i, lm mt i

/du/ /muv/ /luz/ /pruv/ /tum/ /r'muv/

2. "u" cn c pht m l //
Example Transcription blue brute flute brutal lunar salute lunacy lunatic Listen Meanings mu xanh lam con vt, ngi th bo ng so th bo, d man thuc v mt trng s cho mng s in r ngi in r cht du m

/blu/ /brut/ /flut/ /'brutl/ /lun/ /slut/ /luns/ /luntk/

lubricant /lubrknt/

3. "oo" cn c pht m l //
Example cool food too pool goose soot spoon tool tooth sooth soothe booby booty bamboo boohoo cuckoo goodly Transcription Listen Meanings mt m n, thc phm cng b bi con ngng nh ni ci tha dng ci rng s tht lm du, lm bt au ngi n n, kh kho chin li phm cy tre khc huhu con chim cu (mt) li, thao lo ngy tn th

/kul/ fud/ /tu/ /pul/ /gus/ /sut/ /spun/ /tul/ /tu/ /su/ /su/ /'bub/ /'but/ /bm'bu/ /bu'hu/ /'kku/ /'gugl/

doomsday /'dumzde/

4. "ou" c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp

Example Transcription Listen croup group troupe douche Meanings bnh au c hng mt nhm, mt m gnh ht vi hoa sen b thng ngi h l ( sng bc)

/krup/ /grup/ /trup/ /du/

wounded /'wundd/ croupier

/'krup/

5. "ui" c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp

Example Transcription Listen bruise bruit fruit juice cruise cruiser recruit Meanings vt thng, vt bm tm da tin n, ting n tri cy nc ct, nc tri cy cuc i chi trn bin tun dng hm m binh, tuyn lnh

/bruz/ /brut/ /frut/ /dus/ /kruz/ /kruz/ /rkrut/

Ngoi l:
Example Transcription Listen fluid ruin Meanings cht lng, lng s nt, vt tch nt

/flud/ /run/

Unit 11 Long vowel /:/ Nguyn m di /:/

Introduction Cch pht m: y l nguyn m di, khi pht m ming m va, v tr li thp. (lu : mt s sch // c phin m l //

Example Example Transcription Listen bird word burst fur burden herd world were colonel courtesy curl girl early search sir surgeon occur circuit Meaning con chim t, li ni s n tung, ting n lng th gnh nng by, n, b l th gii th, l (qu kh ca to be) i t lch s, nh nhn qun, s un qun c gi sm tm kim ngi (trong xng h) bc s phu thut xy ra, xy n chu vi

/bd/ /wd/ /bst/ /f(r)/ /bdn/ /hd/ /wld/ /w(r)/ /knl/ /kts/ /kl/ /gl/ /li/ /st/ /s(r)/ /sdn/ /k(r)/ /skt/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce //(Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) 1. "o" thng c pht m l // trong mt s trng hp Example Transcription Listen work world word worse worship Meaning cng vic th gii t xu hn s tn sng

/wk/ /wld/ /wd/ /ws/ /'wip/

2. "u" cn c pht m l // Example Transcription Listen burn burglar burly curtain Meaning t chy k trm lc ln, vm v rm ca

/bn/ /'bglr/ /'bl/ /'ktn/

3. "i", "e", "ea" v "ou" thnh thong cng c pht m l // khi trng m ri vo nhng t ny Example Transcription Listen bird herd were courtesy girl early search sir circuit Meaning con chim by, n, b l th, l (qu kh ca to be) lch s, nh nhn c gi sm tm kim ngi (trong xng h) chu vi, mch in

/bd/ /hd/ /w(r)/ /kts/ /gl/ /li/ /st/ /s(r)/ /skt/

Unit 12 Short vowel // Nguyn m ngn //

Introduction Cch pht m: y l mt nguyn m rt ngn. Khi pht m a li ln pha trc v hi hng ln trn. (Nhng nguyn m nh a, e, i, o, u trong phn khng nhn mnh ca mt ch c th c pht m l // hoc // v d trong t accept, t a c pht m l // v n khng phi l t c trng m

Example Example banal letter calendar picture figure thorough madam nation woman accept effort from around available surprise ago Transcription Listen Meaning thng, tm thng l th lch bc tranh con s cn thn, k lng qu b quc gia ph n chp nhn n lc t (u ) xung quanh sn c ngc nhin trc y

/bnl/ /let(r)/ /klnd(r)/ /pkt(r)/ /fg(r)/ /r/ /mdm/ /nen/ /wmn/ /ksept/ /eft/ /frm/ /rand/ /velb/ /spraz/ /g/

1. "a" c pht m l // Example banana sofa apartment separate changeable balance explanation capacity nation Transcription Listen Meaning qu chui gh bng cn h chia r c th thay i c cn bng s gii thch sc cha thuc quc gia lng qung i

/bnn/ /sf/ /ptmnt/ /seprt/ /tendb/ /blnts/ /eksplnen/ /kpsti/ /nen/

magnanimity /mgnnmti/ 2. "e" c pht m l // Example answer mother silent open chicken prudent generous different sentence Transcription Listen

Meaning tr li m im lng m ra g con thn trng qung i, lng khc nhau cu vn trng pht

/nts(r)/ /m(r)/ /salnts/ /pn/ /tkn/ /prudnt/ /denrs/ /dfrnt/ /sentnts/

punishment /pnmnt/ 3. "o" c pht m l // Example atom bosom compare control continue freedom Transcription Listen

Meaning nguyn t lng, tm tr so snh kim sot tip tc s t do

/tm/ /bzm/ /kmpe(r)/ /kntrl/ /kntnju/ /fridm/

handsome random rancorous pardon cordon

/hnsm/ /rndm/ /rkrs/ /pdn/ /kdn/

lch s, ho hoa tnh c, ngu nhin hay th on, him khch s tha li vng ai, vng cm a

4. "u" c pht m l // Example upon picture suggest surprise survey Transcription Listen Meaning bn trn bc tranh gi ngc nhin kho st

/pn/ /pkt(r)/ /sdest/ /spraz/ /sve/

5. "ou" c pht m l // Example famous Transcription Listen Meaning ni ting nguy him lo u

/fems/

dangerous /dendrs/ anxious

/ks/

Unit 13 Diphthong /e/

Nguyn m i /e/

Introduction Cch pht m: pht m hi ko di t /e/ dn dn chuyn n v kt thc ti //. m // pht m rt ngn v nhanh.

Example
Example Transcription Listen pay shade tail eight steak hey face raise amazing straight hate baby feign paper later potato gray they Meaning tr tin bng ti, bng rm ci ui s 8 ming c, tht nng , ny... khun mt tng ln lm sng st, kinh ngc thng ght a b gi v, ba chuyn t giy mun hn khoai ty mu xm h

/pe/ /ed/ /tel/ /et/ /stek/ /he/ /fes/ /rez/ /mez/ /stret/ /het/ /bebi/ /fen/ /pep(r)/ /'let(r)/ /ptet/ /gre/ /e/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /e/ (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l /e/) 1. "a" c pht m l /e/ + Trong

nhng t c mt m tit v c hnh thc tn cng bng a+ph m+e

Meaning cng an ton dy, di bng ngy mun h nc mi t lng bm bn cng hc s phn

Example Transcription Listen gate safe tape date late lake cape mane mate fate

/get/ /sef/ /tep/ /det/ /let/ /lek/ /kep/ /men/ /met/ /fet/

+ Trong mt m tit lin trc c tn cng bng "ion" v "ian" Example nation translation Transcription Listen Meaning quc gia bin dch s chun b s xm chim s phng thch ngi Chu ngi Canada ngi c

/nen/ /trnslen/

preparation /prepren/ invasion liberation Asian Canadian Australian Ngoi l: Example mansion Transcription Listen

/nven/ /lbren/ /'en/ /knedin/ /strelin/

Meaning lu i bn ng hnh ngi ngi qun th vin ngi n chay

/mntn/

companion /kmpnjn/ Italian Librarian

/'tljn/ /labrerin/

vegetarian /vedterin/

2. "ai" c pht m l /e/ khi ng trc mt ph m tr "r" Example Transcription Listen rain tail train paint bail hail mail nail sail maid afraid wait Meaning ma ui tu ha sn tin bo lnh cho mng th mng tay ci bum ngi hu gi lo s, e ngi i ch

/ren/ /tel/ /tren/ /pent/ /bel/ /hel/ /mel/ /nel/ /sel/ /med/ /fred/ /wet/

3. "ay" thng c pht m l /e/ trong nhng t c tn cng bng "ay" Example Transcription Listen clay day hay gay play ray stay tray pay lay Ngoi l: Example Transcription Listen quay mayor papaya Meaning bn tu ng th trng qu u Meaning t st ngy c kh vui v chi tia sng li ci khay tr tin t,

/kle/ /de/ /he/ /ge/ /ple/ /re/ /ste/ /tre/ /pe/ /le/

/ki/ /me(r)/ /ppa/

4. "ea" c pht m l /e/ Example Transcription Listen great break steak breaker Meaning ln, danh ting lm gy, v ming mng, lt mng sng ln

/gret/ /brek/ /stek/ /brek(r)/

5. "ei" thng c pht m l /e/ Example Transcription Listen eight weight deign freight beige Meaning s 8 cn nng chiu c n ch hng bng tu vi len mc hng xm

/et/ /we/ /den/ /fret/ /be/

neighbour /neb(r)/ 6. "ey" thng c pht m l /e/ Example Transcription Listen they prey grey obey

Meaning h, bn h con mi, nn nhn mu xm nghe li

/e/ /pre/ /gre/ /be/

Unit 14 Diphthong /a/ Nguyn m i /a/

Introduction Cch pht m: m ny bt u bng mt nguyn m gia li // v nng ln trn n ch //, khi pht m // ming m rng, n // ming hp dn.

Example
Example while rice fine behind child nice kind mind silent guide guy eye I my light Transcription Listen Meaning trong khi go tt, nguyn cht ng sau a tr p tt bng ngh, tm tr im lng hng dn chng trai mt ti (i t nhn xng ca ti (tnh t s hu) nh h bin ha ting th di

/wal/ /ras/ /fan/ /bhand/ /tald/ /nas/ /kand/ /mand/ /salnt/ /gad/ /ga/ /a/ /a/ /ma/ /lat/

paradigm /prdam/ sigh

/sa/

island aisle psyche

/alnd/ /al/ /saki/

hn o li i gia cc hng gh linh hn, tinh thn

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /a/ (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l /a/) 1. "i" thng c pht m l /a/ i vi nhng t c mt m tit m tn cng bng i+ph m+e
Example Transcription Listen bike site kite dine side tide like mine swine twine Meaning cn, vt cn ni ch, v tr ci diu n ba ti bn cnh nc thy triu a thch, ging ca ti (t s hu) con ln si dy, dy bn

/bak/ /sat/ /kat/ /dan/ /sad/ /tad/ /lak/ /man/ /swan/ /twan/

2. "ei" thng c pht m l /a/ trong mt s trng hp

Example Transcription Listen either neither height sleight seismic Meaning mt trong hai, c hai... khng ci no chiu cao s khn kho (thuc) ng t

/a(r)/ /na(r)/ /hat/ /slat/ /sazmk/

3. "ie" c pht m l /a/ khi n l nhng nguyn m cui ca mt t c mt m tit

Example Transcription Listen die lie pie tie Meaning cht nm, ni di bnh nhn tht, buc

/da/ /la/ /pa/ /ta/

4. "ui" c pht m l /a/ trong nhng t c ui+ph m+e

Example Transcription guide guile guise quite inquire require quite squire Listen Meaning hng dn s gian xo chiu bi, lt, v hon ton, hu ht iu tra, thm tra i hi, yu cu yn tnh ngi cn v

/gad/ /gal/ /gaz/ /kwat/ /nkwa(r)/ /rkwa(r)/ /kwat/ /skwa(r)/

5. "uy" pht m l /a/

Example Transcription Listen buy guy Meaning mua chng trai

/ba/ /ga/

Unit 15 Diphthong // Nguyn m i //

Introduction Cch pht m: u tin pht m nguyn m di // sau dn di chuyn li ln trn v ra pha trc, m rng ming to nn ch //

Example Example Transcription Listen boy coin foil toil voice enjoy oil boil toy joy point destroy hoist Meaning cu b, chng trai ng tin l (kim loi) cng vic kh nhc ging ni thch th, hng th du si, s si chi s vui mng, hn hoan im, vn ph hy nhc bng ln, thang my

/b/ /kn/ /fl/ /tl/ /vs/ /nd/ /l/ /bl/ /t/ /d/ /pnt/ /dstr/ /hst/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce // (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) "oi" v "oy" thng c pht m l //. (Xem v d trn)

Unit 16 Diphthong /a/ Nguyn m i /a/

Introduction Cch pht m: u tin pht m // sau ming hi ng li, li di chuyn ln trn v ra pha sau nh khi pht m /u/, m ng sau ngn v nhanh

Example
Example cow house now foul about flower allow out how plough route ouch bow brow grouse Transcription Listen Meaning con b ci ci nh by gi hi hm, bn thu chng, khong hoa cho php ngoi, bn ngoi th no ci cy tuyn ng ngc nm, kim cng nm (vo trang sc) ci cung my, lng my g g trng

/ka/ /has/ /na/ /fal/ /bat/ /fla(r)/ /la/ /at/ /ha/ /pla/ /rat/ /at/ /ba/ /bra/ /gras/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /a/ (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l /a/) 1. "ou" c pht m l /a/ trong nhng t c nhm "ou" vi mt hay hai ph m
Example found cloud bound doubt hound loud mouth plough south stout around county sound fountain mountain Transcription Listen Meaning tm thy (qu kh ca find) m my bin gii, gii hn s nghi ng, ng vc ch sn (m thanh) m , to mm, ming ci cy hng nam, pha nam chc bn, dng cm, kin cng xung quanh, vng quanh ht, tnh mt cch ng n, hon ton v y sui nc, ngun nc ni

/fand/ /klad/ /band/ /dat/ /hand/ /lad/ /ma/ /pla/ /sa/ /stat/ /rand/ /kanti/ /sand/ /fantn/ /mantn/

2. "ow" c pht m l /a/

Example Transcription tower power powder crown drown plow brow fowl jowl coward Listen Meaning khn mt sc mnh, quyn lc bt, thuc bt vng min cht ui, cht chm ci cy lng my g, tht g hm di hn nht

/ta(r)/ /pa(r)/ /pad(r)/ /kran/ /dran/ /pla/ /bra/ /fal/ /dal/ /kad/

Unit 17 Diphthong // Nguyn m i //

Introduction Cch pht m: u tin t li v tr pht m m // sau ming trn dn pht m //, pht m // di, // ngn v nhanh

Example
Example Transcription Listen load home most pole coat boat cold comb though thorough stole bowl old roll toe no go slow Meaning vt nng, gnh nng nh, gia nh hu ht, phn ln cc (bc, nam) o chong tu, thuyn lnh lo ci lc d, mc d hon ton, hon ho khn chong vai ci bt c, gi cun, cun ngn chn khng i chm

/ld/ /hm/ /mst/ /pl/ /kt/ /bt/ /kld/ /km/ // /r/ /stl/ /bl/ /ld/ /rl/ /t/ /n/ /g/ /sl/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce // (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) 1. "O" thng c pht m l // khi n cui mt t
Example go no ago Transcription Listen Meaning i khng trc y con mui khoai ty c chua ngn chn

g/ /n/ /g/

mosquito /mskit/ potato tomato toe

/ptet/ /tmt/ /t/

2. "oa" c pht m l // trong mt t c mt m tit tn cng bng mt hay hai ph m

Example Transcription Listen coat road coal loan moan goat moat soap coast load Meaning o chong con ng than s cho vay n ting than, ting rn vang con d ho, xung quanh thnh tr... x phng b bin vt nng, gnh nng

/kt/ /rd/ /kl/ /ln/ /mn/ /gt/ /mt/ /sp/ /kst/ /ld/

3. "ou" c th c pht m l //
Example Transcription Listen soul dough mould Meaning tm hn bt nho ci khun vai gia cm

/sl/ /d/ /mld/

shoulder /ld(r)/ poultry

/pltri/

4. "ow" c pht m l //
Example Transcription Listen know slow widow window bowl grow low Meaning bit chm b ga ph ca s ci bt ln ln, trng (cy) thp ngy mai cht hp

/n/ /sl/ /wd/ /wnd/ /bl/ /gr/ /l/

tomorrow /tmr/ arrow

/r/

Unit 18 Diphthong // Nguyn m i //

Introduction Cch pht m: t li v mi v tr pht m // sau di chuyn li i ln v hng ra pha ngoi mt cht, m // bt ra rt ngn.

Example Example beer near here easier area Transcription Listen Meaning bia gn y d dng hn vng, khu vc trn, cao cp hn tai nc mt bn tu, cu tu ng u, chng c vi...

/b(r)/ /n(r)/ /h(r)/ /i:z/ /er/

superior /supri(r)/ ear tear pier beard

/(r)/ /t(r)/ /p(r)/ /bd/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce // (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) 1. "ea" c pht m l // trong nhng t c nhm ear Example Transcription tear clear blear real spear fear smear weary dreary beard Listen Meaning nc mt r rng m, khng thy r thc t gio mc s hi trt, bi lem nhem u oi, mt mi bun t, bun ru ng u, chng c

/t(r)/ /kl(r)/ /bl(r)/ /rl/ /sp(r)/ /f(r)/ /sm(r)/ /wri/ /drri/ /bd/

2. "ee" pht m l // khi ng trc tn cng l "r" ca mi t Example beer cheer deer leer steer sneer career Transcription Listen Meaning bia s vui v con nai, hong lic trm li xe, tu ci khy ngh nghip k s

/b(r)/ /t(r)/ /d(r)/ /l(r)/ /st(r)/ /sn(r)/ /kr(r)/

engineer /endn(r)/

Unit 19 Diphthong /e/ Nguyn m i /e/

Introduction Cch pht m: bt u pht m m /e/ pht m m /e/ di hn bnh thng mt cht sau thm m // vo bng cch dn dn di chuyn li ln trn v ra pha sau. m // c bt ra ngn v nhanh. Lu : trong mt s sch /e/ c k hiu l //

Example Example Transcription Listen air bear pair chair square where upstairs care wear their hair stare Meaning khng kh mang vc, chu ng i, cp ci gh vung u trn gc, trn tng chm sc i, mc ca h (tnh t s hu) tc ci nhn chm chm

/e(r)/ /be(r)/ /pe(r)/ /te(r)/ /skwe(r)/ /we(r)/ /pstez/ /ke(r)/ /we(r)/ /e(r)/ /he(r)/ /ste(r)/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /e/ (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m

l /e/) 1. "a" c pht m l /e/ trong nhng t c mt m tit m tn cng bng "are" hoc trong mt m tit ca mt t khi "a" ng trc "r" Example bare care dare fare hare rare area parents prepare garish various sectarian librarian Transcription Listen Meaning trn, trn trung chm sc dm tin v th rng him c, t c vng, khu vc b m chun b le lot, sc s a dng, phong ph thuc mn phi cn b th vin ngi n chay c nh, khng thay i

/be(r)/ /ke(r)/ /de(r)/ /fe(r)/ /he(r)/ /re(r)/ /eri/ /pernts/ /prpe(r)/ /ger/ /veris/ /sekterin/ /labrerin/

vegetarian /vedterin/ invariable Ngoi l Example Transcription Listen are harem

/nveribl/

Meaning l (dng s nhiu ca to be) hu cung

/(r)/ /hrim/

2. "ai" pht m l /e/ khi ng trc "r" Example Transcription Listen air fair hair pair chair laird dairy fairy Meaning khng kh cng bng tc cp, i ci gh a ch sn xut b sa tng tng, h cu

/e(r)/ /fe(r)/ /he(r)/ /pe(r)/ /te(r)/ /led/ /deri/ /feri/

3. "ea" c pht m l /e/ Example Transcription Listen bear pear tear bearish wear swear Meaning con gu tri l nc mt hay cu gt mc, i, eo th

/be(r)/ /pe(r)/ /t(r)/ /ber/ /we(r)/ /swe(r)/

4. "ei" c th c pht m l /e/ Example Transcription Listen heir their Meaning ngi tha k ca h (t s hu)

/e(r)/ /e(r)/

Unit 20 Diphthong // Nguyn m i //

Introduction Cch pht m: pht m m // di hn mt cht v sau nng li ln trn v ra pha sau to nn m //, m // pht m nhanh v ngn

Example
Example Transcription Listen truer sewer bluer doer tour poor jury cure Meaning chnh xc hn th may xanh hn ngi thc hin cuc i chi, du lch ngo ban gim kho cha tr du lch

/tr(r)/ /s(r)/ /bl(r)/ /d(r)/ /t(r)/ /p/ /dri/ /kj(r)/

tourism /trzm/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce // (Nhn bit cc nguyn m c pht m l //) 1. "oo" c pht m l // trong nhng t c mt m tit m tn cng bng "r"
Example Transcription Listen boor moor poor spoor Meaning ngi cc mch, th l buc, ct (tu thuyn) ngo du vt

/b(r)/ /m(r)/ /p(r)/ /sp(r)/

2. "ou" c th c pht m l //
Example tour tourist bourn Transcription Listen Meaning cuc du lch s du lch dng sui nh cuc u thng trn nga

/t(r)/ /trzm/ bun/

tournament /tnmnt/

Unit 21 Consonant /p/ Ph m /p/

Introduction c tnh: l ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) m c to ra do 2 mi (bilabial), m bt (flosive) Cch pht m: u tin mi trn v di ng li sau m ming bt hi t bn trong ra to thnh m /p/, pht m nhanh gn

Example Examples part pie pen copy happy pull pet peach pier pig pin pole pencil pocket Transcriptions Listen Meanings phn, b phn bnh nng nhn ngt ci bt bn sao chp hnh phc li ko, git con vt nui trong nh qu o bn tu, cu tu con ln ghim, inh ghim cc (bc,nam) bt ch ti, v tin

/pt/ /pa/ /pen/ /kpi/ /hpi/ /pl/ /pet/ /pit/ /p(r)/ /pg/ /pn/ /pl/ /pentsl/ /pkt/

postcard

/pstkd/

bu thip hnh khch h chiu ci tha sn bay cnh st

passenger /psnd(r)/ passport spoon airport policeman Identify: Ch c ph m "p" c pht m l /p/

/pspt/ /spun/ /ept/ /plismn/

Unit 22 Consonant /b/ Ph m /b/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (Voiced consonant), m mi (bilabial) v l m bt hi Cch pht m: u tin ng cht 2 mi sau y hi t pha trong ra to thnh m, cch pht m tng t /p/.

Example
Examples bow back baby job bull bed bat beer bye better Bobby birthday about beautiful Transcriptions Listen Meanings ci cung lng, pha sau a tr cng vic con b c ci ging gy nh bng chy bia tm bit tt hn tn ngi Bobby sinh nht khong, chng p

/ba/ /bk/ /bebi/ /db/ /bl/ /bed/ /bt/ /b(r)/ /bai/ /bet(r)/ /bbi/ /bde/ /bat/ /bjutfl/

butterfly body blue brown brother

/btfla/ /bdi/ /blu/ /bran/ /br(r)/

con bm c th mu xanh nc bin mu nu anh/ em trai

Identify: Ch c ph m "b" c pht m l /b/

Unit 23 Consonant /t/ Ph m /t/

Introduction c tnh: l ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) m c to ra gia u li v rng (tipalveolar), m bt (flosive) Cch pht m: t u li ti chn rng trn, pha trong, lc ny li s chn lung hi t pha trong i ra. Sau lung hi s c p lc mnh hn, lc ny y li nhanh ra pha trc bt thnh m /t/

Example Examples top ten steak tomato tennis photo telephone pretty upstairs student potato toy tea tight button Transcriptions Listen Meanings chp, nh s mi ming c, tht nng c chua qun vt (th thao) bc nh in thoi xinh p trn gc sinh vin khoai ty chi ch, tr (buc) cht ci nt

/tp/ /ten/ /stek/ /tmt/ /tens/ /ft/ /telfn/ /prti/ /pstez/ /stjudnt/ /ptet/ /t/ /ti/ /tat/ /btn/

town time ticket title Identify:

/tan/ /tam/ /tkt/ /tat/

th trn thi gian v nhan

Ch c ph m "t" c pht m l /t/

Unit 24 Consonant /d/ Ph m /d/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (Voiced consonant), m c to ra gia u li v rng (tipalveolar), m bt (flosive) Cch pht m: tng t nh khi pht m /t/, nhng dng ging to ra m ku /d/

Example
Examples Transcriptions Listen day ladder odd die down dim door dart card ride drain drink do date Meanings ban ngy ci thang tha d cht xung, di l m, khng r rng cnh ca mi tn, mi tiu ci thip, th ci (nga) cng, rnh, mng ung lm ngy

/de/ /ld.(r)/ /d/ /da/ /dan/ /dm/ /d(r)/ /dt/ /kd/ /rad/ /dren/ /drk/ /du/ /det/

darling decide dance damage

/dl/ /dsad/ /dns/ /dmd/

ngi thn yu quyt nh nhy hy hoi

Identify: Ch c ph m "d" c pht m l /d/

Unit 25 Consonant /k/ Ph m /k/

Introduction c tnh: ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) m c to ra gia li v vm mm (xem hnh v) (back-velar), m bt (flosive) Cch pht m: nng phn li sau ln cao chm ti vm mm nh hnh v, nh vy lung hi t pha trong s b cn li. Sau p lc lung hi trong vm ming tng ln, y li i xung v ra ngoi. Thanh m khng rung.

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen key check clock school cold could coat cup coffee pocket scarf sky scooter because carpet milk look Meanings cha kha kim tra kha trng hc lnh c th o chong cc, tch c ph ti, v tin khn qung bu tri xe tay ga bi v tm thm sa nhn

/ki/ /tek/ /klk/ /skul/ /kld/ /kd/ /kt/ /kp/ /kfi/ /pkt/ /skf/ /ska/ /skut(r)/ /bkz/ /kpt/ /mlk/ /lk/

Identify the letters which are pronounced 1. "k" c pht m l /k/ Examples Transcriptions Listen look milk click check clock

/k/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /k/)

Meanings sch sa ting lch cch kim tra ng h

/lk/ /mlk/ /klk/ /tek/ /klk/

2. "c" c pht m l /k/ khi n ng trc a, o, u v r Examples Transcriptions Listen can cause cartoon carrot cake cage combat comedy curse custom class clap create crowd crude Meanings c th nguyn nhn, cn nguyn tranh bim ha c rt bnh ngt chung, ci trn u kch vui, hi kch s nguyn ra, chi ra phong tc, tc l lp hc v tay to ra ng vui nguyn, th, cha luyn

/kn/ /kz/ /ktun/ /krt/ /kek/ /ked/ /kmbt/ /kmdi/ /ks/ /kstm/ /kls/ /klp/ /kriet/ /krad/ /krud/

3. "qu" c pht m l /k/ Examples Transcriptions Listen quay queue technique antique coquette Meanings cu tu xp hng k thut c ng nh

/ki/ /kju/ /teknik/ /ntik/ /kket/

Lu : "qu" cn c pht m l /kw/ Examples Transcriptions Listen quality Meanings cht lng kh nng, nng lc cu hi yn tnh 1/4 ci nhau hy b

/kwlti/

qualification /kwlfa/ question quiet quarter quarrel quash

/kwestn/ /kwat/ /kwt(r)/ /kwrl/ /kw/

4. "x" c pht m l /ks/ v /k/ Examples Transcriptions Listen mix fax sexual sexton anxious luxury Meanings pha trn gi, truyn i bng fax gii tnh ngi trng nom nh th, ngha a lo u sang trng

/mks/ /fks/ /n.t.ks/ /sek.stn/ /za..ti/ /lk.r.i/

5. "ch" c pht m l /k/ Examples Transcriptions chaos chord choir chorus scheme school scholar Listen Meanings s ri lon dy cung i hp xng hp xng, ng ca s phi hp trng hc nh thng thi nhn vt bnh dch t ha hc ban nhc, dn nhc d dy ch qun ch

/kes/ /kd/ /kwa(r)/ /krs/ /skim/ /skul/ /skl(r)/

character /krkt(r)/ cholera chemistry orchestra stomach monarchy

/klr/ /kemstri/ /kstr/ /stmk/ /mnki/

Unit 26 Consonant /g/ Ph m /g/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant) m c to ra gia li v vm mm (xem hnh v) (back velar), m bt (flosive) Cch pht m: y l m ngn v yu, khng bt hi. nng phn li sau ln cao chm ti vm mm nh hnh v, nh vy lung hi t pha trong s b cn li. Sau p lc lung hi trong vm ming tng ln, y li i xung v ra ngoi. Thanh m rung.

Example Examples Transcriptions get ghost giggle gold good goat gate girl glass bag clog frog glue again together begin give guest Listen Meanings c c, ly c ma ting ci khc khch vng tt con d cng con gi thy tinh ci ti cn tr, tr ngi con ch keo, h dn li, lm li cng nhau bt u a cho khch

/get/ /gst/ /gg/ /gld/ /gd/ /gt/ /get/ /gl/ /gls/ /bg/ /klg/ /frg/ /glu/ /gen/ /tge(r)/ /bgn/ /gv/ /gest/

Identify: Ch c ph m "g" c pht m l /g/

Unit 27 Consonant /s/ Ph m /s/

Introduction c tnh: ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) m c to ra gia li v cht rng (bladeaveolar), m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: u tin mt li chm mt rng trn pha trong, li chuyn ng i ra pha trc, hai hm rng ng li gn hn. Khi pht m /s/ m lung hi trong ming ch xt hn cc m xt khc. Thanh m khng rung.

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen soon crease sister price piece bus sip star sand Sunday sailing sensible swim yes six Meanings sm np nhn, np gp ch, em gi gi c mnh, ming xe bus hp, nhp ngi sao ct ch nht vic i thuyn c th cm nhn c bi vng, d s 6

/sun/ /kris/ /sst(r)/ /pras/ /pis/ /bs/ /sp/ /st(r)/ /snd/ /snde/ /sel/ /sentsb/ /swm/ /jes/ /sks/

sleep say exciting

/slip/ /se/ /ksat/

ng ni hng th t thay cho bn ngoi tiu, tiu pha

expensive /kspentsv/ instead outside spend

/nsted/ /atsad/ /spend/

Identify the letters which are pronounced

/s/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /s/)

1. "c" c pht m l /s/ khi n ng trc e, i hoc y Examples Transcriptions Listen city bicycle recycle center century cigar circle citizen civilize cynic cyclist cypress Ngoi l: Examples Transcriptions Listen soccer sceptic Meanings mn tc cu hoi nghi Meanings thnh ph xe p ti sinh, ti ch trung tm th k thuc, x g vng trn cng dn lm vn minh, khai ha ngi hay ch trch ngi i xe p cy bch dip

/sti/ /baskl/ /risakl/ /sent(r)/ /sentri/ /sg(r)/ /skl/ /stzn/ /svlaz/ /snk/ /sakl/ /saprs/

/sk(r)/ /skeptk/

2. "s" c pht m l /s/ khi: - "s" ng u mt t Examples Transcriptions see sad Listen Meanings nhn thy bun

/si/ /sd/

sing song south story speaker sorry sunny Ngoi l:

/s/ /s/ /sa/ /stri/ /spik(r)/ /sri/ /sn/

ht bi ht phng nam cu truyn ngi ni xin li c nng

Examples Transcriptions Listen Meanings sure sugar

/(r)/ /g(r)/

chc chn ng n

- "s" bn trong mt t v khng gia hai nguyn m Examples Transcriptions Listen most haste describe display insult instinct translate colossal lassitude Ngoi l Examples cosmic Transcriptions Listen Meanings thuc v v tr c tnh quc t m phm mn trng ming tan ra, ha tan ci ko s hu Meanings hu ht vi vng, hp tp miu t trng by iu s nhc bn nng, linh tnh dch, phin dch v i, khng l s mi mt, chn nn

/mst/ /hest/ /dskrab/ /dsple/ /nslt/ /nstkt/ /trnslet/ /klss/ /lstjud/

/'kzmk(l)/

cosmopolitan /kzmpltn/ cosmetics dessert dissolve scissors possess

/kzmetks/ /dzt/ /dzlv/ /szz/ /pzes/

- "s" cui mt t i sau f, k, p, t v gh Examples Transcriptions Listen roofs stuffs books kicks maps taps nets streets coughs laughs Meanings mi nh vt liu sch c bn vi nc tm li ng ph ting h ci

/rufs/ /stfs/ /bks/ /kiks/ /mps/ /tps/ /nets/ /stri:ts/ /kfs/ /lfs/

Unit 28 Consonant /z/ Ph m /z/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant) m c to ra gia li v cht rng (blade aveolar), m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: y l m xt yu. u tin mt li chm mt rng trn, pha trong, li chuyn ng i ra pha trc, hai hm rng ng li gn hn khi lung hi c y ra ngoi. Thanh m rung.

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen rise zero music roses buzz zoo zip peas prize Meanings s tng ln s 0 m nhc hoa hng ting vo ve, r r vn th ting rt (nh x vi) u H Lan gii thng s ngc nhin th, l... ting n lm, thc hin lm kinh ngc, sng s nhng th, vic... ny

/raz/ /zr/ /mjuzk/ /rouz/ /bz/ /zu/ /zp/ /pz/ /praz/

surprising /spraz/ is noise does amazing these

/z/ /nz/ /dz/ /mez/ /iz/

Identify the letters which are pronounced 1. "s" c pht m l /z/

/z/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /z/)

- Khi "s" bn trong mt ch v ng gia hai nguyn m ngoi tr u, ia, io

Examples houses nose noise rise lose music closet season result

Transcriptions Listen

Meanings nh ci mi ting n tng, nng ln nh mt m nhc phng nh ma kt qu phc sinh

/hazz/ /nz/ /nz/ /raz/ /luz/ /mjuzk/ /klzt/ /sizn/ /rzlt/

resurrection /rezrekn/ Ngoi l Examples Transcriptions Listen base case basin loose

Meanings da trn, cn c trng hp chu ra mt th ra lm sng li chin dch, cuc vn ng ln

/bes/ /kes/ /besn/ /lus/

resuscitate /rsstet/ crusade

/krused/

- Khi "s" cui t mt m tit v i sau mt nguyn m (ngoi tr u) hoc sau mt ph m khng phi f, k, p, t v gh Examples Transcriptions Listen as is his pens gods coins forms doors pencils windows Meanings nh, nh l th, l... ca anh y (t s hu) bt cha, thn linh ng xu hnh thc ca bt ch ca s

/z/ /z/ /hz/ /penz/ /gdz/ /knz/ /frmz/ /dz/ /pentslz/ /'wndz/

Ngoi l: Examples us bus plus isthmus Transcriptions Listen Meanings chng ti xe byt cng vo eo t dng c, my mc cn khng hong l Ging sinh

/s/ /bs/ /pls/ /sms/

apparatus /prets/ crisis Christmas

/krass/ /krsms/

2. "x" c pht m l /z/ Examples xylophone Transcriptions Listen Meanings n phin g, mc cm tnh bi ngoi cht g xylem

/zalfn/

xenophobia /zenfbi/ xylem

/'zailem/

Lu : c trng hp "x" pht m l /gz/ Examples Transcriptions Listen Meanings exhaust exist exam

/gzst/ /g'zst/ /gzm/

mt mi hin din k thi v d

example /gzmpl/

Unit 29 Consonant // Ph m //

Introduction c tnh: ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) m c to ra gia phn mt li trc v vm ming (blade-aveolar), m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: y l m xt mnh. u tin nng cao vm ngc mm lung hi c th i qua vm ming. Mt trn li v chn rng to thnh mt khe nh hp khi lung hi i qua

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen shop sure chef ship national cash fish mash wash she shoe ash rush push shack sheet show shut Meanings ca hng chc chn u bp tu thy quc gia tin mt con c m hn n ra, git c y giy tro, tn (thuc l) s cun i y ln, lu t, tm biu din ng

/p/ /(r)/ /ef/ /p/ /nen/ /k/ /f/ /m/ /w/ /i/ /u/ // /r/ /p/ /k/ /it/ // /t/

Identify the letters which are pronounced // (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l 1. "c" c pht m l // khi ng trc ia, ie, io, iu, ea Examples Transcriptions Listen special social artificial musician physician ancient efficient Meanings c bit thuc x hi nhn to nhc s thy thuc c xa c hiu qu lng tm liu lnh, gan d i dng bit r, tnh to

//)

/spel/ /sl/ /tfl/ /mjuzn/ /fzn/ /entnt/ /fnt/

conscience /kntnts/ audacious ocean conscious

/des/ /n/ /knts/

2. "s" pht m l // Examples Transcriptions Listen ensure insure pressure insurance Persian mansion tension cession mission Meanings m bo bo him p lc, sc p s bo him ngi Ba T ta nh ln s cng thng s nhng li s mnh

/n(r)/ /n(r)/ /pre(r)/ /n(r)/ /'pn/ /mntn/ /tenn/ /'sen/ /mn/

3. "t" pht m l // khi n bn trong mt ch v ng trc ia, io Examples nation intention ambitious Transcriptions Listen Meanings quc gia nh tham vng c lng tm tim lc dn qun

/nen/ /ntend/ /mbn/

conscientious /kntients/ potential militia

/ptentl/ /ml/

4. Lu : "x" c th c pht m l /k / Examples Transcriptions Listen anxious luxury Meanings lo u bn khon

/ks/ /lkri/

5. "ch" c pht m l // Examples Transcriptions Listen machine chemise chassis chagrin Meanings my mc o lt khung, gm xe chn nn, tht vng s ci, kin nhau k s, hip s

/m'n/ /miz/ /si/ /grn/

chicanery /kenri/ chevalier

/,ev'li/

6. "sh" lun c pht m l // Examples Transcriptions Listen shake shall sharp shear sheet shop show shout lash dish push rush punish Meanings lc, r s, phi nhn xn, ta l, t ca hng trnh din ku, la ln qut, vt ci a y xng ti trng pht nm ch tr n ngi chn cu run ry du gi u

/ek/ /l/ /p/ /(r)/ /it/ /p/ // /at/ /l/ /d/ /p/ /r/ /pn/

mushroom /mrum/ shelter shepherd shiver shampoo

/elt(r)/ /epd/ /v(r)/ /mpu/

Unit 30 Consonant // Ph m //

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant) m c to ra gia phn mt li trc v vm ming (blade/front-palato-alveolar), m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: y l m xt yu v ngn. cch pht m tng t nh // nhng to ra m ku.

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen leisure Meanings lc nhn ri tivi, v tuyn lm vui lng s nhn, tm nhn gara, nh xe bin php ca ci tnh c, ngu nhin khng bnh thng s ng, va chm vt chng ngi o vng xoa bp mu xanh da tri s chim ot

/le(r)/

television /telvn/ pleasure vision garage measure treasure casual unusual collision barrage mirage

/ple(r)/ /vn/ /gr/ /me(r)/ /tre(r)/ /kjul/ /njuul/ /kln/ /br/ /mr/

massage /msd/ azure seizure

/(r)/ /si(r)/

Identify the letters which are pronounced // (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l //) 1. "g" c pht m l // Examples Transcriptions Listen Meanings massage mirage

msd/ /mr/

xoa bp o vng

2. "s" c pht m l // khi n i sau l mt t nguyn m ng trc u, ia, io Examples usual pleasure measure erasure division conclusion erosion Transcriptions Listen Meanings thng thng th vui o lng,thc o s xa b s phn chia tm li, tng kt s xi mn ting n, s n s xm lc

/juul/ /ple(r)/ /me(r)/ /'re/ /dvn/ /knklud/ /rn/

explosion /kspln/ invasion

/nven/

3. "t" c pht m l // equation

/kwen/

phng trnh

Unit 31 Consonant /t/ Ph m /t/

Introduction c tnh: ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) m c to ra gia phn mt li trc v vm ming (blade/front-palato-alveolar), m tc xt (africate) Cch pht m: y l mt m n bt u vi /t/ v kt thc vi //. u tin t u li chn hm trn v nng vm ngc mm gi lung hi trong mt thi gian ngn. H u li xung khi chn hm mt cch nh nhng lung hi trong ming thot ra ngoi, mt m xt n s c to ra ngay sau .

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen chain nature Meanings dy xch t nhin cu hi nh th trn u mu anh o mnh v r chn nn s bt, nm ly ng h cm

/ten/ /net(r)/

question /kwestn/ church match cherry chips cheap chop catch watch chin

/tt/ /mt/ /teri/ /tip/ /tip/ /tp/ /kt/ /wt/ /tn/

choose which much check cheaper lunch

/tuz/ /wt/ /mt/ /tek/ /tip/ /lnt/

chn la ci no nhiu kim tra r hn ba n tra

Identify the letters which are pronounced /t/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /t/) 1. "c" c pht m l /t/ Examples Transcriptions Listen cello Meanings n Vilngxen bn ha tu

/tel/

concerto /kntt/ 2. "t" c pht m l /t/ Examples century natural culture future lecture nurture picture miniature literature Transcriptions Listen

Meanings th k thuc t nhin vn ha tng lai bi ging s nui dng bc tranh m hnh vn chng nhit

/sentri/ /ntrl/ /klt(r)/ /'fjut(r)/ /'lekt(r)/ /nt(r)/ /pkt(r)/ /mnt(r)/ /ltrt(r)/

temperature /temprt(r)/ 3. "ch" c pht m l /t/ Examples Transcriptions Listen cheap chicken child Chinese chimney chalk

Meanings r g con a tr ngi Trung Quc ng khi phn vit

/tip/ /tkn/ /tald/ /'tai'ni:z/ /tmni/ /tk/

chat cheer chest chin choose church channel cherish chocolate

/tt/ /t(r)/ /test/ /tn/ /tuz/ /tt/ /tnl/ /ter/ /tklt/

ni chuyn phim hoan h lng ngc ci cm chn la nh th eo bin u ym s c la

Unit 32 Consonant /d/ Ph m /d/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant) m c to ra gia phn mt li trc v vm ming (blade/front-palato-alveolar), m tc xt (africate) Cch pht m: y l ph m n bt u vi /d/ v kt thc vi //. u tin u li chm vo phm vm ming pha trc ngn lung hi li mt thi gian ngn. Dn dn h li xung lung hi thot ra ngoi, mt m xt n s c to ra mt cch t nhin sau .

Example: Examples Transcriptions Listen joy gin edging soldier judge age jam jeep joke large jug June lunge Jill Jew hedge danger Meanings vui mng cm by vin, b binh s quan ta tui mt xe jp ni a rng ci bnh thng su lao ti, tn cng tn ngi Jill ngi do thi hng ro s nghuy him

/d/ /dn/ /ed/ /sld(r)/ /dd/ /ed/ /dm/ /dip/ /dk/ /ld/ /dg/ /dun/ /lnd/ /dil/ /du/ /hed/ /dend(r)/

Identify the letters which are pronounced /d/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l 1. "d" c pht m l /d/ Examples Transcriptions Listen soldier verdure schedule Meanings binh lnh s ti tt lch trnh

/d/)

/sld(r)/ /vd(r)/ /skedul/

2. "g" c pht m l // khi ng trc e, i, y v nu mt t c dng tn cng l"ge" Examples cage stage village cottage gem gentle gin ginger ginseng gigantic Transcriptions Listen Meanings lng, chung sn khu lng nh tranh vin ngc du dng cm by gng nhn sm khng l thuc th dc a cht hc

/ked/ /sted/ /vld/ /ktd/ /dem/ /dentl/ /dn/ /dnd(r)/ /dnse/ /dagntk/

gymnastic /dmnstk/ geology Ngoi l: Examples Transcriptions Listen get gear geese geyser girl gild giggle gizzard

/dildi/

Meanings t c c cu, thit b con ngng mch nc phun c gi t im ting ci khc khch diu chim

/get/ /g(r)/ /gis/ /gaiz(r)/ /gl/ /gld/ /gg/ /'gizd/

Unit 33 Consonant /f/ Ph m /f/

Introduction c tnh: ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) m mi rng, kt hp rng hm trn v mi di pht m (labio-dental). y l ph m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: t xt rng hm trn trn mi di, thi lung hi i ra qua mi, ming hi m mt cht

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen fan phone laugh fat coffee rough photo fin feel fail fine sniff half feet fill foal Meanings ci qut in thoi ci ln bo c ph x x, gh gh bc nh vy c cm thy tht bi tt ngi, ht vo mt na bn chn , lp y nga con, la con

/fn/ /fn/ /lf/ /ft/ /kfi/ /rf/ /ft/ /fn/ /fil/ /fel/ /fan/ /snf/ /hf/ /fit/ /fl/ /fl/

Identify the letters which are pronounced 1. "f" thng c pht m l /f/ Examples Transcriptions Listen fan fat coffee fin feel fail fine sniff half feet fill foal

/f/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /f/)

Meanings ci qut bo c ph vy c cm thy tht bi tt ngi, ht vo mt na bn chn , lp y nga con, la con

/fn/ /ft/ /kfi/ /fn/ /fil/ /fel/ /fan/ /snf/ /hf/ /fit/ /fl/ /fl/

2. "ph" v "gh" c pht m l /f/ trong mi trng hp Examples Transcriptions Listen phonetic photo phrase laugh cough orphan rough Meanings

/fnetk/ /ft/ /frez/ /lf/ /kf/ /fn/ /rf/

thuc ng m hc bc nh cm t ci ln ho tr m ci x x, gh gh

Unit 34 Consonant /v/ Ph m /v/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant) m mi rng, kt hp rng hm trn v mi di pht m (labio-dental). /v/ l ph m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: v tr v cch pht m tng t nh khi pht m /f/, t hm trn ln trn mi di, lung hi i ra qua mi v rng, ming hi m mt cht. Dng ging to ra ph m ku.

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen favour oven view heavy move veal vine veil leave halve vest Meanings thin , s qu mn l ( hp bnh) nhn, quan st nng chuyn ng tht b cy nho mng che mt di i chia i o gi l

/fev(r)/ /vn/ /vju/ /hevi/ /muv/ /vil/ /van/ /vel/ /liv/ /h:v/ /vest/

van vote vole visit invite victory available various

/vn/ /vt/ /vl/ /vzt/ /nvat/ /vktri/ /velb/ /veris/

tin i, qun tin phong b phiu (bu c) chut ng s thm hi, thm quan mi chin thng sn c a dng

Identify: Ch c "v" c pht m l /v/

Unit 35 Consonant /w/ Ph m /w/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant) m c to ra khi kt hp mi v vm mm. Cch pht m: ph m ny c dng m mi rng na nguyn m. N ph thuc vo nguyn m i sau, khi pht m ging nh bt u pht m m /u/ hay // ri trt n nguyn m i sau. u tin m mi trn v hp, dn dn m rng mi lung hi bn trong i ra t nhin, dng ging to nn m ku.

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen win wood wet one when queen we wheel west wine whale walk warm Meanings chin thng g m t s 1 khi no n hong chng ta bnh xe hng ty ru ci voi i b m p tuyt vi thi tit s 12 yn tnh nhanh ngt con ng

/wn/ /wd/ /wet/ /wn/ /wen/ /kwin/ /wi/ /wil/ /west/ /wan/ /wel/ /wk/ /wm/

wonderful /wndfl/ weather twelve quiet quick sweet way

/we(r)/ /twelv/ /kwat/ /kwk/ /swit/ /we/

Identify the letters which are pronounced 1. "qu" c pht m l /kw/ Examples quality qualification question quiet quarter quarrel quash Transcriptions Listen

/w/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /w/)

Meanings cht lng phm cht cu hi lng, yu tnh mt phn t s ci nhau, gy chuyn hy b, bc i

/kwlti/ /kwlfa/ /kwestn/ /kwat/ /kwt(r)/ /kwrl/ /kw/

2. w c pht m l /w/ Examples Transcriptions Listen win wood wet west wine walk warm Meanings chin thng g m t hng ty ru i b m p tuyt vi thi tit s 12 ngt

/wn/ /wd/ /wet/ /west/ /wan/ /wk/ /wm/

wonderful /wndfl/ weather twelve sweet

/we(r)/ /twelv/ /swit/

3. wh cng c pht m l /w/ Examples Transcriptions Listen why when wheel whale Meanings chin thng khi no bnh xe ci voi

/wa/ /wen/ /wil/ /wel/

4. Ngoi ra mt s t bt u bng ph m c th c pht m l /w/ one

/wn/

s 1

Unit 36 Consonant /j/ Ph m /j/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant) m c to ra vm ming pha trc (front-palatal). Cch pht m: y l m vm ming khng trn c hnh thc na nguyn m. khi pht m c v tr nh trt t m /i/ hay // ti nguyn m i sau n. y khng phi l ph m xt.

Example Examples yet your use beauty few yellow yolk yak yam yes year yesterday student onion stupid Transcriptions Listen Meanings cn, hy cn ca bn (t s hu) dng v p mt vi mu vng lng trng b Ty Tng c t, khoai m d, vng nm ngy hm qua hc sinh, sinh vin c hnh ng ngn

/jet/ /j(r)/ /juz/ /bjuti/ /fju/ /jel/ /jk/ /jk/ /jm/ /jes/ /j(r)/ /jestde/ /stjudnt/ /njn/ /stjupd/

young beautiful music produce

/j/ /bjuti/ /mjuzk/ /prdjus/

tr, tui tr ci p, v p m nhc sn xut triu ph

millionaire /mljne(r)/

Identify the letters which are pronounced 1. "y" thng c pht m l /j/ Examples Transcriptions Listen yet your yellow yolk yak yam yes year yesterday young

/j/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /j/)

Meanings cn, hy cn ca bn (t s hu) mu vng lng trng b Ty Tng c t, khoai m d, vng nm ngy hm qua tr, tui tr

/jet/ /j(r)/ /jel/ /jk/ /jk/ /jm/ /jes/ /j(r)/ /jestde/ /j/

2. "u" c th c pht m l /j/ hay /ju/ Examples Transcriptions Listen cure pure during curious furious Meanings cha tr trong sch, tinh khit trong sut (qu trnh) t m, hiu k gin gi, mnh lit

/kj(r)/ /pj(r)/ /djr/ /kjris/ /fjris/

Examples tube mute mutual humour

Transcriptions

Listen

Meanings ci ng thm lng ln nhau, qua li hi hc, hm hnh

/tjub/ /mjut/ /mjutul/ /hjum(r)/

museum bugle dubious

/mjuzim/ /bjug/ /djubis/

nh bo tng ci t v l m, khng r rng cy da chut mc, khoc o x, cng x min dch

cucumber /kjukmb(r)/ endue commune immune

/in'dju/ /kmjun/ /mjun/

3. "ui" c th c pht m l /ju/ Examples Transcriptions Listen suit suitable suitor pursuit Ngoi l Examples Transcriptions Listen tuition suicide Meanings s dy hc s t st Meanings b com l ph hp ngi cu hn, ng s truy n

/sjut/ /sjutb/ /sjut(r)/ /psjut/

/tjun/ /susad/

4. "ea" c th c pht m l /j/ Examples Transcriptions Listen beauty year beautiful Meanings v p nm ci p, v p

/bjuti/ /j(r)/ /bjuti/

Unit 37 Consonant /h/ Ph m /h/

Introduction c tnh: ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant) ph m tc thanh hu (glottal) Cch pht m: y lung hi t pha trong ra khi ming nhanh, v tr li thp.

Example
Examples Transcriptions Listen hello hot whole ahead hill heel hand hold hear high husband happen hospital horrible Meanings cho nng y , ton b trc ht ngn i gt chn bn tay cm, nm gi nghe cao ngi chng xy ra, xy n bnh vin ti t

/hel/ /ht/ /hl/ /hed/ /hl/ /hl/ /hnd/ /hld/ /h(r)/ /ha/ /hzbnd/ /hpn/ /hsptl/ /hrb/

house how hear perhaps host

/has/ /ha/ /h(r)/ /phps/ /hst/

ci nh th no nghe c l, c th ch nh

Identify the letters which are pronounced /h/ (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l /h/) "wh" v "h" thng c pht m l /h/. Lu : Trong mt s trng hp "h" khng c pht m v n c gi l "ph m cm"
Examples Transcriptions Listen hour honest honor rhythm rhubarb Meanings gi trung thc danh d, danh gi nhp iu cy i hong

/a(r)/ /nst/ /n(r)/ /rm/ /rubb/

Unit 38 Consonant // Ph m //

Introduction c tnh: ph m khng ku (voiceless consonant), m mi rng (tip-dental), ph m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: t u li gia hai hm rng pha trc. y lung hi ra ngoi qua rng v u li.

Example Examples Transcriptions Listen thief thin teeth thing author path worth thick wrath myth mouth think three thirst thread hearth Meanings k trm mng, gy rng vt tc gi ng i, qu o gi tr, xng ng (lm) dy s tc gin, phn n truyn thn thoi ming, mm ngh s 3 kht nc si ch, si dy nn, lng l si

/if/ /n/ /ti/ // /(r)/ /p/ /w/ /k/ /r/ /m/ /ma/ /k/ /ri/ /st/ /red/ /h/

Identify the letters which are pronounced // (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l //) 1. "th" c pht m l // khi: - Khi n ng u, gia hay cui t Examples Transcriptions Listen think thing thorn thumb thread through mouth month path truth bath breath cloth sooth Meanings ngh, suy ngh vt gai nhn ngn tay ci si ch, si vi xuyn qua mm, ming thng li i, ng nh s tt tm hi th vi vc s tht (t c)

/k/ // /n/ /m/ /red/ /ru/ /ma/ /mnt/ /p/ /tru/ /b/ /bre/ /kl/ /su/

- Khi "th" c thm vo mt tnh t chuyn thnh danh t Examples Transcriptions Listen width depth length strength Meanings b rng su chiu di sc mnh

/wt/ /dep/ /lek/ /stre/

- Khi "th" ch s th t Examples Transcriptions Listen Meanings fourth fifth sixth

/f/ /ff/ /sks/

s th 4 s th 5 s th 6

Lu : trong cc trng hp khc "th" cn c pht m l //

Unit 39 Consonant // Ph m //

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant), m mi rng (tip-dental), ph m xt (fricative) Cch pht m: tng t khi pht m //, dng ging to ra m rung trong vm ming.

Example Examples Transcriptions they father this other smooth feather than there those either bathe clothe Listen Meanings h cha, b ci, vt ny (ci) khc nh nhng, m m lng (chim) hn , ch nhng ci mi (trong hai) s tm ph, che

/e/ /f(r)/ /s/ /(r)/ /smu/ /fe(r)/ /n/ /e(r)/ /z/ /a(r)/ /be/ /kl/

with breathe booth scythe together another leather

/w/ /bri/ /bu/ /sa/ /tge(r)/ /n(r)/ /le(r)/

vi ht th rp, lu ci ht c cng nhau ci khc lm bng da

Identify: "th" c pht m l //

Unit 40 Consonant /m/ Ph m /m/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant), m mi (bilabial), m mi (nasal) Cch pht m: vm ngc mm h xung thp hn, hai mi ngm cht li, lung hi i ra bn mi.

Example Examples sum game more hammer bump camp lymph empty Transcriptions Listen Meanings tng tr chi hn, nhiu hn ba s va mnh cm tri bch huyt trng rng s cm d n, ti hn, gii hn thi gian ngy mai ma h gia nh c th, c l nh gia nh nh bnh xp lm, to nn

/sm/ /gem/ /m(r)/ /hm(r)/ /bmp/ /kmp/ /lmpf/ /emp(r)ti/

temptation /tempten/ come term time tomorrow summer family maybe home

/km/ /tm/ /tam/ /tmr/ /sm(r)/ /fmli/ /mebi/ /hm/

remember /rmemb(r)/ crumpet make Identify:

/krmpt/ /mek/
Ch c "m" c pht m l /m/

Unit 41 Consonant /n/ Ph m /n/

Introduction c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant), m rng mi (tip-alveolar), m mi (nasal) Cch pht m: ming hi m, li t chn rng trn ngn lung hi thot ra qua ming,lung hi t pha trong s i qua mi to nn m mi.

Example Examples Transcriptions nice know funny sun tenth anthem ant behind pensive tense hen change hinge pinch end sound friend landlord cone mane Listen Meanings p bit (cu chuyn) bun ci mt tri s th 10 bi thnh ca con kin nd sau trm ngm, bun thi ca ng t g mi thay i bn l, khp ni ci kp kt thc m thanh bn b ch t, a ch hnh nn bm s t

/nas/ /n/ /fni/ /sn/ /ten/ /ntm/ /nt/ /bhand/ /pentsv/ /tents/ /hen/ /tend/ /hnd/ /pnt/ /end/ /sand/ /frend/ /lndld/ /kn/ /men/

Identify: Ch c "n" c pht m l /n/

Unit 42 Consonant // Ph m //

c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant), m c to ra vm mm (back-velar), m mi (nasal) Cch pht m: ming hi m mt cht, tng t nh khi pht m /n/

Example
Examples Transcriptions Listen sing monkey ring anger thank length instinct thing think wrong hung fling wing pink bang strong Meanings ht con kh ci nhn s gin gi cm n b di, chiu di bn nng vt suy ngh sai, xu treo s nm, qung cnh mu hng ting n ln mnh, khe

/s/ /mki/ /r/ /g(r/ /k/ /le/ /nstkt/ // /k/ /r/ /h/ /fl/ /w/ /pk/ /b/ /str/

morning

/mn/

bui sng xy ra s ng

happening /hpn/ standing

/stnd/

Identify the letters which are pronounced // (Nhn bit cc ch c pht m l //) 1. "n" c pht m l // khi n ng trc k v g
Examples Transcriptions Listen uncle drink single angle anger ink trunk Meanings bc, ch ung n c, mt mnh gc, x s tc gin mc hm, rng

/k/ /drk/ /sg/ /g/ /g(r)/ /k/ /trk/

Ngoi l: "n" cc t sau vn pht m l /n/ v g ghp vi nguyn m pha sau to nn mt m khc v c pht m l /d/
Examples strange challenge Transcriptions Listen Meanings l lng th thch ngi l nguy him

/strend/ /tlnd/

stranger /strend(r)/ danger

/dend(r)/

Unit 43 Consonant /l/ Ph m /l/

c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant), m rng mi (tip-alveolar), m c to ra khi lung hi i qua hai cnh ca li (lateral) Cch pht m: nng cao vm mm, u li chm vo phn chn rng pha trn chn phn gia ming (nhn t bn ngoi). Lung hi t pha trong s thot ra qua hai bn ca li v vm ming. dng ging to ra ph m ku.

Example: Examples Transcriptions letter light valley feel low line jelly tell life love lecture little allow alley Listen Meanings l th sng, nh sng thung lng cm thy thp dng thch bo, k cuc sng tnh yu bi ging nh b cho php thung lng

/let(r)/ /lat/ /vli/ /fil/ /l/ /lan/ /deli/ /tel/ /laf/ /lv/ /lekt(r)/ /lt/ /la/ /li/

literature /ltrt(r)/ lunch look late

vn hc ba tra nhn mun phn nn qu chanh

/lnt/ /lk/ /let/

complain /kmplen/ lemon Identify: Ch c "l" c pht m l /l/

/lemn/

Unit 44 Consonant /r/ Ph m /r/

c tnh: ph m ku (voiced consonant), m c to ra kt hp mt li v rng, (blade-post-alveolar). Cch pht m: cong li ln to nn mt khong trng gia ming nhng li khng chm ti chn rng trn. Nng cao vm ngc mm lung hi c th thot ra gia u li v ngc m khng to thnh m xt.

Example
Examples Transcriptions Listen red rare right wrong sorry arrange road fry grass raise crack rich very pretty Meanings him c ng, bn phi sai xin li sp xp con ng dn, chin c nng, gi ln b kha giu c rt xinh p

/red/ /re(r)/ /rat/ /r/ /sri/ /rend/ /rd/ /fra/ /grs/ /rez/ /krk/ /rt/ /veri/ /prti/

proud parents

/prad/ /prnts/

kiu hnh, t khc cha m mi ngi, mi ngi nh hng ci, kt hn

everybody /evribdi/ restaurant marry

/restrnt/ /mri/

Identify: Ch c "r" c pht m l /r/ Lu : trong mt s trng hp "r" khng c pht m v n c gi l "ph m cm"
Examples Transcriptions Listen depart Meanings ra i, khi hnh bui chiu cm tuyt vi, k diu cn bo sn bay mt phn t

/dpt/

afternoon /ftnun/ forbidden

/fbdn/

wonderful /wndfl/ storm airport quarter

/stm/ /ept/ /kwt(r)/