- Hoa Hoe* - Hoang cm* - Hng hoa*

- Artis* - Ru meo* - Cuc gai*

- Bach qua*
- Dy mt*

- Cc Citrus*
- Dip c

- T mc

Trinh bay c 1. c im thc vt hoc

2. B phn dung Cch ch bin

3. Thanh phn hoa hoc chinh

4. inh tinh inh lng hoat cht

5. Tc dung Cng dung cua 10 dc liu trong chng trinh.

PHN B TRNG TROT - Moc nhiu Trung quc, Han, Nht, - cung thy chu u. - Vit Nam cung co trng (t canh, hat) - Cy 3 tui se cho hoa (hoa Hoe)

- Ct chum hoa, tut ly hoa, phi/sy ngay

- hoa cha n (Hoe m) >> hoa a n (Hoe hoa)

> 90%

< 10%
6

trn 90% la nu hoa cha n (DVN III)

8

1. Hoa hoe

a. Flavonoid : chu yu la Rutin

DVN III : Rutin 20% ! b. Triterpenoid (betulin, sophoradiol)

2. Cc b phn khc a. L : b. vo qua : Flavonoid (6.6%) # 4.7% Rutin Flavonoid (10.5%) # 4.3% Rutin

c. g, thn, hat : Flavonoid (it, khng quan trong)

9

OH HO O O OH O Rutinose OH

= Rutoside
(C27H30O16 = 610.51)

u tin: t Ruta graveolens. Hin nay: chu yu t - nu Hoe - Bach an (Sophora japonica). (E. macrorhyncha).

Cung co / Lua mach ba goc (Polygonum fagopyrum),

To ta (Zizyphus jujuba), Ich mu (Leonurus spp.)
10

- Bt tinh th hinh kim nho, vang luc, khng mui vi, - sy 96OC : ngm 3H2O; 110OC 12h/10 mmHg khan - Di nh sng va khng khi - Rutin khan : 125OC se 196OC se bi oxy-hoa nu. mau nu, hoa deo; huy 215OC

- UV (MeOH, max) : 259, 359.0 nm (266 sh, 299 sh).

- UV (EtOH, max): 258, 362.5 nm.

- D = +13O82 (EtOH), 39O43 (pyridin)
11

trong d.mi MeOH EtOH nc

tO ngui 1/350 1/650 1/8000

tO si 1/7 1/60 1/200

- d tan /

kim loang, pyridin, formamid,

- tan chm / aceton, EtOAc,

- khng tan / Bz, CS2, CHCl3, Et2O, d.dich acid.

12

- tng mau vang / dung dich kim loang, - cho mau o m vi phan ng cyanidin, - cho mau xanh luc (ri nu) vi dung dich FeCl3, - pht quang vang cam hi nu / UV 366 nm.
OH HO O O OH O Rutinose
13

OH

3. hat phn co 3 l ny mm

1,2. Lng che ch n & a bao

4. biu bi cnh hoa

6. mach vach, mach xon

5. biu bi ai hoa + l khi

14

1. Phan ng mau

bt hoa Hoe
EtOH 95%, un, loc

dich chit cn
NaOH loang FeCl3 loang Mg* / HCl

tng mau vang

xanh luc nu

mau o m
15

2. SKLM : Ban silica gel G / F254

- dung mi :
EtOAc ForOH H2O (8 : 1 : 1)

EtOAc MeOH H2O

n-BuOH AcOH H2O - hin mau :

(100 : 17 : 13)
(4 : 1 : 5; )

AlCl3 1% / MeOH, EtOH / UV 365 nm hi NH3 (rutin cho mau vang)

UV 365 (rutin pht quang mau nu)

So snh vi Rutin chun
16

1. Phng php UV-Vis Bit = 362.5 nm; Rutin co 2. Phng php so mau - sau phan ng Cyanidin (Vis) - sau phan ng vi AlCl3 (UV 365 nm) 3. Phng php cn - chit rutin = EtOH nong, thuy phn vi H2SO4
1% E 1cm

= 325

- thu tua aglycon (quercetin); suy ra [rutin]

4. Phng php HPLC : thng dung
17

Abs.

(PHNG PHP UV-Vis) Tai = 362.5 nm; vi cuvet 1 cm

258 362.5

A1

325

- dd.C1 rutin / MeOH : Abs = A1

- dd.1% rutin/MeOH : Abs = 325 - dd.C2 rutin / MeOH : Abs = A2

A2

200

250

300

350

400 nm

bit An

Cn
18

nu hoa Hoe
HCl 0.5% EtOH 95%

(PHNG PHP CN)

dich chit cn
thu hi cn

+ H2SO4 2%

dich thuy phn

lam lanh, lng, loc thu tua

tua quercetin
cn

quercetin %

rutin %
19

1 quercetin (M = 302.24) # 2,02 rutin (M = 610.51)

(PHNG PHP HPLC)

Ct:
Pha ng: Detector: Ct :

Silica RP-18 Lichrosphere 250 x 4.6 mm; 5 m

AcOH 0.28% MeOH AcCN (7 : 1 : 2) 20 l; 1.5 ml/min. UV 350 nm. Silica RP-18 Lichrosphere 250 x 4.6 mm; 5 m

Pha ng:
Detector:

AcCN H2O (20 : 80) (40 : 60);

m pH 2.5 (TFA); 20 l; 1 ml / phut UV 365 nm
20

Detector UV 365 nm

10

15

20

25 phut

(1) rutin,

(2) quercetin-3-glc,

(3) quercitrin,

(4) myricetin,
(7) apigenin,

(5) luteolin,
(8) kaempferol

(6) quercetin,
(9) isorhamnetin.
21

PH IR (KBr) CUA RUTIN

2984
OH HO O O OH O Rutinose OH

1466

1493
1656 1605 1202 1360 1295 22

3418

303

H+

465

quercetin

glc

rha
146

611 = [M+H]+

(162+146)

S phn manh / khi ph cua rutin (M = 610)

[M+H]+- Rha - Glc 100% 303 [M+H]+ 611

146

[quercetin+H]+
50%

[M+H]+- Rha 465

162

303

100

200

300

400

500

600

m/z

23

Ph

13C-NMR

cua Rutin
HO O

OH OH O Rutinose

3 5 4 4

quercetin (15 C)
6

OH

10

2 C/rutinose

5 2 6 8

rutinose

ppm

24

- lam bn va giam tinh thm cua mao mach, hng cu - chng co tht, giam trng lc c tim. - phong chng x va ng mach, - tri xut huyt (chay mu cam, bng huyt, ho ra mu). - tri cc ri loan v vn mach (tri, chn nng, di cam u chi, au nhc chi, phu chi,

m xut huyt di da, ri loan tun hoan vong mac...).

- tri cc thng tn ngoai da do bc xa, giup mau lanh seo.
25

T Rutin cc d tan co tc dung tri liu hn: - trihydroxyethyl-rutosid (Troxerutin*, Solurutin*), - morpholylethyl-rutosid, sulforutin, ethoxazo-rutosid...

C2H4OH O O O OH O

O O Rutinose

C2H4OH C2H4OH

trihydroxyethyl-rutosid
26

Artichaut
27

28

B phn dung: L / cum hoa

a phi / sy
29

San lng Artis toan cu

Chu My :

# 1.000.000 tn (2005)
Arg. 100.000 tn (10%)

Chu u : 85%. Trong o, Italia 500.000 tn (50%) Spain 300.000 tn (30%) Php 50.000 tn (05%).

VN, chu yu trng Sapa, Lm ng (v tinh).

Dung lam thc phm va lam thuc

(cao c, cao long, tra thuc, vin bao ng)
Food Chemistry, 4/2007
30

Trng bng chi non. Thu hoach l sau khi hi cum hoa
(nhng khi cha ra hoa, thu hoach l tt nht). L mong nc : Trnh u ng. Cn loai bo sng l, ch gi phin l (l non tt hn l gia). Sau o:

- Chit cao hay bt ng kh Artis ngay, hoc

- Bao quan l ti nhit lanh 4OC, hoc

- Dit men oxydase + phi kh nhanh (hoc sy < 40OC)

bao quan
31

1. Cc acid (#11 hp cht) acid 1,5-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid 1,3-dicaffeoyl-quinic = (1 tin cht * cua cynarin) = cynarin ** (0.5%)

acid 3-caffeoyl-quinic
acid 4-caffeoyl-quinic acid 5-caffeoyl-quinic

= acid chlorogenic ** (1%)

= acid iso-chlorogenic = acid neo-chlorogenic

acid 1-caffeoyl-quinic, acid caffeic, acid cichoric

32

2. Cc Flavonoid (# 8 hp cht)

- Cynarosid
- Scolymosid

(Luteolin 7-O-glc)
(Luteolin 7-O-rut)

- Cynarotriosid (Luteolin 7-O-rut; 4-O-glc) - Narirutin 3. Cc thanh phn khc - phytosterol (-sitosterol, stigmasterol) - triterpenoid (taraxerol, cynarogenin)

- cht ng (cynaropicrin)
33

HO
5

3 OH 6

2 1 COOH

OH

OH

acid quinic

3 4 HO 5 OH

COOH 1

OH

6 OH

Caffeoyl
4

Caffeoyl
HO COOH

HO
5

3 O 6

COOH
1

HO

OH

Caffeoyl

cynarin

acid caffeic (C6 C3)

= acid 1,3-dicaffeoyl-quinic
34

Caffeoyl
4

HO
5

3 O 6

COOH
1

OH

Caffeoyl

cynarin
OH OH

dy ni depsid
CO
4

HO
5

3 O 6

COOH
1

OH

OH CO OH
35

dy ni depsid

Dich cn nc

thu hi cn

Dich nc
lc EtOAc

cn - nc

L a x

Dich EtOAc
ng kh

dit men

L Artis (4oC)

Cn EtOAc
sc k

37% la polyphenol (HPLC) trong o # 1/2 la cynarin

cc Polyphenol
36

Phng php Fratianni (2007) (Dung chun bi mu inh lng, mu th sinh hoc) L Artis ng lanh c ngm 1 gi vi 5 V dung mi

Me2CO EtOH MeOH (70 : 15 : 15) 4OC.

C thu hi dung mi, lc vi 5 V EtOAc 4OC.

C dich EtOAc n kh, hoa vao MeOH ( mu th )

37

Cao c t l Artis trn thi trng cha khoang

2.5% - 5% cynarin
15% acid chlorogenic tinh theo acid chlorogenic (HPLC) Thng bi trn ng mach nha hay maltose Trn thc t, ngoai cc tiu chun / DVN; cao Artis thng c b sung tiu chun inh tinh bng HPLC. Sc mu th phai cho cc peak # cc cht chun 13% - 18% acid caffeyolquinic

(cynarin, acid chlorogenic, acid caffeic )

38

L Artis kh (50 g)
MetOH 70% (2 x 1000 ml)

Dich chit cn **
lc vi CHCl3 Ly lp nc

Dich chit nc
SKC RP-18, thu 50 ph.oan

Ph.oan (02)

P. (03 16)

Phn oan (21 38)

SKC Si-gel NP

P. (44 - 46)

1-caffeoyl quinic acid

acid chlorogenic

luteolin 7-rutosid

cynarosid

cynarin
39

 manh biu bi phin l gm nhng t bao a gic, mang l khi & rt nhiu lng che ch nhiu khi nha nu, kich thc thay i

cn cn 96% +

NaNO2 10% HCl

(10OC x 20 phut)

NaOH 10%
mau hng cnh sen
40

Phan ng xc inh polyphenol

polyphenol +

thth Folin-Ciocalteu ddich Na2CO3

mau xanh (760 nm)

polyphenol +

FeCl3 1%
kali fericyanid 1% (thth Barton)

mau xanh

41

Thnh phn thuc th Folin-Ciocalteu

SODIUM TUNGSTATE, DIHYDRATE 10213102 SODIUM MOLYBDATE 7631950 LITHIUM SULFATE, MONOHYDRATE 10102257 HYDROCHLORIC ACID 7647010 PHOSPHORIC ACID 7664382 BROMINE 7726956 Water 7732185 10% 3 15 12 9 50

42

Ban mong Dung mi Pht hin

: Si-gel F 254 / Si-gel G : BuOAc ForOH H2O (14 : 5 : 5) : NaNO2 / NaOH (cynarin mau hng)

So snh vi cynarin chun.

Dung mi Pht hin Cynarin

: HCl 0.1N; chiu khai trin: : thuc th Barton : Rf ~ 0.30-0.35 (mau xanh)
43

inh lng ortho-dihydroxyphenol / Artis (DVN III)

ao Ar is
dd. acetat

a ph c
AcOH + H2SO4

dung

ch
MeOH

cynarin / MeOH o Abs. 325 nm; A1 = 616

1
44

 inh lng polyphenol toan phn Dung ph.php Folin-Ciocalteu, tao mau xanh, so mau, tinh theo quercetin hay catechin.

inh lng tng hp cht ring bit (cynarin )

Dung phng php HPLC RP-18 (250 x 4 mm, 5 m)

Pha ng: MeCN-nc /m phosphoric (pH 2.6)

Detector PDA (210 va 330 nm) So snh (Rt, S) vi cc cht chun
45

inh lng polyphenol toan phn (Folin Ciocalteu) Trn (800 l nc) + (50 l th.th FC) + (10-50 l mu) Sau 1 va trc 8, thm 100 l dung dich Na2CO3 20%, b sung nc va u 1 ml. Trn u. U 2 gi, o Abs. 760 nm. Lam 3 ln lp lai. So snh vi ng cong chun cua quercetin / catechin.

Polyphenol toan phn trong l # 1.2%

46

acid caftaric acid chlorogenic acid caffeic

inh lng bng HPLC

cynarin echinacosid acid cichoric acteosid

rutin

Caftaric acid Caffeic acid Cichoric acid Rutin

7.73 19.57 37.23 53.36

Chlorogenic acid Cynarin Echinacosid Acteosid

15.63 29.34 42.41 57.07

47

Tc dung chinh
li mt, thng mt; tr tiu ho

antioxidant; giai c gan, phuc hi chc nng gan-mt

ha cholesterol/mu; nga x va ng mach

li tiu; tri phu thung, soi tit niu

Thng dung dang tra thuc, nc sc, cao mm. Con co dang vin bao ng (BAR, Chophytol )
48

49

50

R a phi hay sy kh cua cy Hoang cm (Scutellaria baicalensis). - Kh cm (r gia) - iu cm (r con)

51

Ngm nc, u mm, xt lt ri phi hay sy kh. Con ch thanh: T u hoang cm : tm ru, sao qua, phi sy kh Hoang cm thn : sao chy xem, phun nc, phi sy kh

baicalein,
Chu yu la cc Flavonoid

baicalin

scutellarein, scutellarin wogonin . . . (~ 40 cht)

ngoai ra con co tannin pyrocatechic.

52

scutellarein
HO HO OH O O

baicalein
OH HO HO OH O
OH
OH OMe HO

wogonin
O

glcA

O HO OH

glcA

O HO

OH

scutellarin

baicalin
53

 Dich chit EtOH + dd. Chi acetat Dich chit EtOH + Mg** / HCl

tua vang mau o

Cn Et2O / EtOH + dd. FeCl3

luc xm
nu tia

54

Dc in Trung quc, DVN III: Dung phng php quang ph UV-Vis : Dich chit MeOH / EtOH, o quang 279 1 nm tinh theo baicalin (E 1 = 673) 1

Hoang cm phai cha 4% baicalin

55

 Khng khun, ha nhit Tng co bop, lam chm nhip tim. Giam co tht c trn rut.

Cha cao huyt p, nhc u, mt ngu Baicalin ester phosphat : khng di ng

56

B phn dung Toan cy tr r. Thu hi khi cy bt u ra hoa

57

Thn con non

Thn gia
59

1. Cc Flavonoid
Chu yu: sinensetin, eupatorin, tetramethyl-scutellarein (~ 10 cht thuc nhom polymethoxy-flavon (PMF) Ngoai ra con cc glycosid cua kaempferol, quercetin

2. Cc dn cht cua acid caffeic

Chu yu : acid rosmarinic, acid cichoric . . .

(nhom nay c goi la cc tannin cua ho Lamiaceae)
60

3. Cc diterpenoid (> 50 cht) - cc orthosiphol, neo-orthosiphol, seco-orthosiphol - cc orthosiphonon, neo-orthosiphonon - cc staminol, nor-staminol, nor-staminon - cc staminolacton, nor-staminolacton - cc siphonol 4. Cc nhom hp cht khc - triterpenoid (acid oleanolic, ursolic, betunilic)

- phytosterol, (-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol)

- carotenoid, coumarin (esculetin) . . .
61

OMe MeO MeO OH O O OH

MeO MeO OMe O O

OMe OMe
MeO MeO OMe O O

OMe

eupatorin
Lu :

sinensetin

tetramethyl-scutellarein

Cc polymethoxy-flavonoid thng KHNG CHO mau o vi

ph.ng cyanidin (Mg* + HCl ) nh nhiu Flavonoid khc.
62

Mu th Ban mong Dung mi Hin mau

: dich CHCl3 cua cy Ru meo : Si-gel G (sy 120OC x 1 h) : toluen ethyl acetat aceton acid formic (5 : 2 : 2 : 1) : ac. boric 10% ac. oxalic 10% (2 : 1) +

Kt qua

: co 6 vt co mau
hng vang
366 nm

xanh l hng

hng tim nu nhat

pht quang xanh l ma sng

63

bt cy Ru meo

5 vt mau hng tim /VS

Dich nc m c

SKLM / CHCl3-MeOH (9:1)

Dich n-BuOH

Cn n-BuOH / MeOH
64

DVN III, 2002: khng co ch tiu inh lng hoat cht / cy Ru meo ch co ch tiu ham lng cht chit c trong 2 dmi :

- trong nc : CC khng di 20%.

- trong EtOH : CC khng di 10%. Nhiu tai liu hin s dung HPLC vi chun la sinensetin, eupatorin, tetramethoxyflavon hay acid rosmarinic.
65

 Ru meo co tc dung li tiu, thng mt. Dung tri cc chng bnh

v thn (soi thn !),

Dung tri chng soi mt,

vim tui mt.

66

67

Dc liu la cnh hoa; ang t mau vang chuyn sang o,

c phi hay sy kh. Mau o ti, mm mai.
68

Ngm Hng hoa trong nc : nc nhum mau vang

69

Sc t o

: carthamin, carthamon (tan trong kim)

Sc t vang : safflor yellow A, B; safflomin A (tan / nc)

Hoat huyt, tri chng huyt khi (nghen mach), Tri chng au tht ngc, hep mach vanh. Lam tng co bop c trn (t cung . . .) K thai !!! Lam thuc iu kinh; cha chng b kinh, au kinh
70

OH

O HO

glc O

OH

glc

OH

7-glucosid luteolin
HO HO glc

carthamon** (chalcon)
glc O HO OH OH OH

OH

carthamin** (bis-chalcon)

71

Dy leo ln, dai # 10 m, thng moc thanh bui ln. L kep lng chim le, phin l ln, khi non: mm, vang luc

Hoa nho, mau hng tim. Qua kiu u, dai 4-8 cm

Moc hoang / Chu . Hin c trng kh nhiu / N Trng bng cch gim canh (sau khi thu hoach r). B phn dung: Toan b r. Con dung thn gia
73

Chu yu la cc isoflavonoid thuc phn nhom Rotenoid deguelin toxicarol tephrosin

8 9 10

O
12

A
11

D
1

O5

rotenon*
4 3

sumatrol elliptinol

B
2

O E

D
O
1

OMe OMe

rotenon (4 8% / r)

74

 Rotenon la 1 isoflavonoid kem phn cc : tan / dmhc kpc > EtOH > nc (/nc : T = 1.6 ppm) Rotenon kem bn / nh sng, khng khi. Rotenon rt kem bn / kim, d.dich Oxy-ho (KMnO4) rotenon H2SO4 vang cam bt NaNO2 mau tim xanh kO bn

(rotenon/aceton) + HNO3 loang

NH4OH

Co th inh tinh ho m vi phan ng tao mau xanh (sau)

75

Bt r Thuc c CHCl3 Cn CHCl3 CCl4 phc [Rotenon CCl4] EtOH 96% si Rotenon / EtOH lanh, thu tinh th Rotenon : cn tinh R%
76

 Xc inh nng ti thiu lam cho c mt thng bng. Xc inh % rui bi cht khi tip xuc vi dd. Rotenon

Rotenon khng c / ng vt mu nong khi tip xuc.

Khi ung, tim : c (cht vi lit h hp)

Dy thuc c & Rotenon chu yu c dung

- dit cn trung (phun ln cy, trn vao t, 250 ppm)

- dit c tap (trong h nui tm): Rotenon 0.02 ppm !
77

Xut x

: Vin Ung th Quc gia Hoa K

(National Cancer Institute NCI)

Phng php : Xc inh LD50 (pha loang) Muc ich Quy m Dung cu Sinh vt th : Tim cht c /v u trung thuc : Sang loc lu lng cao (High Throughput Screening HTS) : Khay 96 ging : u trung Artemia salina (Brine Shrimp)

Mi trng

: Nc bin nhn tao

78

Artemia salina

Artemia salina
79

Artemia salina

80

Khay 96 ging, dung cho th nghim Artemia salina

1 A B C D E F G H 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 A B C D E F G H

81

82

 Cy Cuc gai (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) co 1-2 nm, cao 0.2 1.5 m, moc hoang va trng nhiu chu u, t lu a c dung lam thuc bao v gan. a di thc vao VN (2000, Trai dc liu Lm ng). B phn dung : Qua (Semen Silibi). Hoat cht chinh : Silymarin = hn hp 3 flavolignan (silybin + silychrystin + silydianin) Silymarin: antioxidant, bao v gan, phuc hi gan, cha cc chng bnh v gan mt (LEGALON !)
83

Tinh cht cua Silymarin

Silymarin = (Silybin + Silychrystin + Silydianin )
HO O O C H2OH

O OH

Silybin

OH

(C25H22O10.H2O; M = 500)
OMe OH

- Silymarin : bt v inh hinh, vang vang nu,

mui thm diu c bit

- khng tan / nc; kho tan / MeOH.
84

85

86

87

 c thc vt, la loai duy nht / Ginkgoaceae con sot lai c coi la hoa thach sng. cy ln; cy c & ci ring bit l co 2 thuy c bit (biloba) cy ci mi cho qua (Ngn hanh, Bach qua) moc nhiu Trung quc, Nht, chu u.

Vit Nam : mi di thc (vung Ty Bc)

B phn dung: Hat, L
88

- cht beo (# 1.7%)

- acid phenol (acid ginkgolic, hydroginkgolic, ginkgol)

- sesquiterpen lacton
- diterpen lacton

(bilobalid)
(cc ginkgolid A, B, C, M, J)

- flavonoid

(t kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin)

- biflavonoid (amentoflavon, bilobetin, ginkgetin...)

- tannin

(gallocatechin, epigallocatechin)
89

PHNG PHP HPLC

ct Pha ng : RP-18. : AcCN acid formic 0.3% (1 : 4)

Cht chun : rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol va isorhamnetin Detector : PDA (350 nm).

90

19.88 quercetin quercitrin 14.13

rutin 8.94

kaempferol 28.21 isorhamnetin 31.62

91

Hat Bach qua va l Bach qua co tc dung - antioxidant; bao v gan, phuc hi chc nng gan - tri thiu nng tun hoan nao, ri loan tp tinh / ngi gia - lam bn thanh mach; cha tri

- ngn chn tinh trang phu nao.

Cc ch phm : TANAKAN, GINKOR FORT, OP-CAN

92

93

Citrus grandis Osbeck

Rutaceae

94

95

96

97

Citrus sinensis Osbeck

Rutaceae

98

99

Citrus reticulata Blanco

Rutaceae

100

101

Citrus aurantifolia Swingle

Rutaceae

102

103

Fortunella japonica (Thunb.) Swingle

Rutaceae

104

105

 nc ta cc cy thuc chi Citrus c trng cc ia phng sau: Phu tho, Ha giang, Ha tinh, Hu, Bin hoa, My tho, Cn th, Bn tre, Trn th gii, Citrus c trng cc nc chu : Trung quc, Nht, Han quc, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thi

lan; cc nc chu u: Php, c, ,...; cc nc chu

My: My, Canada, Brazil, Mehico, Ngoai ra con co Australia, cc nc chu Phi va Trung ng.
106

Dich qua, vo qua ngoai, vo qua gia, hat, l

Ngoai tinh du/vo qua ngoai (vi limonen la thanh phn chinh), carotenoid, coumarin, vitamin C, acid hu c (a. citric) va pectin, vo qua va dich qua Citrus con cha nhiu

flavonoid.
Phn ln cc flavonoid cua chi Citrus thuc nhom flavanon:

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Bi:
@. Flavanon glycosid
Naringin (naringenin-7-O-neohesperidosid) Naringin4'glucosid

Naringin6"malonat
Neoeriocitrin (eriodictyol7Oneohesperidiosid) Neohesperidin (hesperetin7Oneohesperidiosid) Hesperidin (hesperetin7Orutinosid) Poncerin (isosakuranetin7Oneohesperidiosid)

@. Flavon glycosid
Luteolin7Oneohesperidosid Rhoifolin (apigenin7Oneohesperidosid)
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Cam
@. Flavanon glycosid
Hesperidin (hesperetin7Orutinosid) Didymin (isosakuranetin7Orutinosid) Eriocitrin (eriodictyol7Orutinosid) Narirutin (naringenin7Orutinosid)

@. Flavon aglycon 5ODesmethylnobiletin

3,5,6,7,8,3',4'Heptamethoxyflavon Nobiletin (3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8-hexamethoxyflavon) Tangeritin (4, 5, 6, 7, 8-pentamethoxyflavon) Sinensetin (3,4, 5, 6, 7-pentamethoxyflavon)

@. Flavon glycosid
Diosmin (diosmetin7Orutinosid) Isorhoifolin (apiginin7Orutinosid) Rutin (quercetin3Orutinosid)

@. Cglycosylflavon
Diosmetin8glucosid Vitexin2"xylosid
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Qut
@. Flavanon aglycon
Citromitin 5ODesmethylcitromitin

@. Flavanon glycosid
Hesperidin, Didymin, Narirutin, Neoeriocitrin, Neohesperidin

@. Flavon aglycon
Auranetin 5ODesmethylnobiletin 5,4'Dihydroxy6,7,8,3'tetramethoxyflavon 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'Heptamethoxyflavon 5Hydroxyauranetin Nobiletin, Tangeritin, sinensetin, Xanthomicrol

@. Flavon glycosid
Diosmin, Isorhoifolin, Rhoifolin
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Chanh
Eriocitrin (eriodictyol7Orutinosid)

Hesperidin (hesperetin7Orutinosid)
Diosmin (diosmetin7Orutinosid)

Tc
3,5-Di-C--glucopyranosylphloretin Tangeretin, Nobiletin

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Dang flavonoid toan phn phi hp vi vit. C co tc dung lam bn thanh mach, chng xut huyt di da. Diosmin + hesperidin (= Daflon) c dung cha ri loan tun hoan tinh mach, gian tinh mach, tri. Naringin c dung trong nhan khoa cha sung huyt kt mac, ri loan tun hoan vong mac. Naringenin c dung cha loet da day. Cc polymethoxyflavon (tangeretin, nobiletin,) co tc dung khng vim va khng ung th kh manh trn cc m hinh thc nghim.

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* The grapefruit flavonoid naringenin as a Hepatitis C virus therapy : efficacy, mechanism and delivery

* Product Name: Naringenin

Naringenin is a flavonoid that contributes to the taste of grapefruit and has a bioactive effect as an antioxidant, antiinflammatory, carbohydrate metabolism promoter, free radical scavenger and an immune system builder. In addition to being useful in lowering LDL and vLTL (the bad cholesterols, Naringenin has also been shown to reduce the production of the Hepatitis C Virus in infected hepatocytes (liver cells).
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* A study published in the journal Hepatology in June, 2008, reported that Stimulation with naringenin reduces HCV secretion in infected cells by 80% by inhibiting the secretion of vLDL.
* Citrus unshiu peel and its active ingredient nobiletin exhibit anti-hepatitis C activity.

* Citrus unshiu pericarpium is a good candidate for the

treatment on high cholesterol diet-induced blood circulatory disorders, obesity and hyperlipidemia. * Grapefruit Compound (naringenin) may help combat Hepatitis C infection
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* Grapefruit fights hepatitis C * Naringenin compound in Grapefruit Inhibits HCV Replication in Laboratory Study * HCV is bound to very low-density lipoprotein (vLDL, a socalled bad cholesterol) when it is secreted from liver cells and that the viral secretion required to pass infection to other cells may be blocked by the common flavonoid naringenin. * The hepatitis C virus is infected patients while lipoprotein (vLDL). The could be used to block circulating viral titer. actively secreted by the liver of bound to very low density grapefruit flavonoid naringenin vLDL secretion and lower the
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