DISEO DE UNA ZAPATA AISLADA

Disear la zapata mostrada en la fig: Si la Columna de 70 x 50 lleva 12 fierros de 3/4" y transmite

las cargas PD = 85 tn y PL = 50 tn . La capacidad portante admisible del suelo es qa = 2.31 kg/cm2
; ademas Fy = 4200kg/cm2 , f'c = 280 kg/cm2 en la columna y f'c = 210 kg/cm2 en la zapata

DATOS:
Zapata
210 kg/cm
Columna
f ' c = 210 kg/cm
b=
50 cm
t=
70 cm
f'c=

S/C =
PD =
PL =

Otros
500 kg/m
50 Tn
30 Tn

Suelo
Df =
2=
qa =
db =
Lv =

Acero
Fy = 4200 kg/cm

2
1870
2.91
1.91
150

m
kg/m
kg/cm
cm
cm

MD,ML

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA

PD, PL

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

Ld=

0 . 08 .

d .F
b

Reemplazo los valores que tenemos:

Ld = 44.29 cm

ht

f'c

Tomar

Ld = 44.29 cm

Df

Lv

(Del problema se emplean varillas de 3/4") b ( 3/4") = 1.91 cm

r.e. =
7.50 cm
(recubrimiento)
hc =
53.70 cm
Tomar
hc =
70.00 cm
hc = Ld + r.e + b
ht = Df - hc
ht = 130.00 cm

hc
T

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qm = 2.45 kg/cm

qm=qa g htg chc-s/c

t
t

Clculo del rea de la zapata ( Az )

P
qm
(t1-t2 )
T= Az+
2
(t1-t2 )
S = Az
2
Azap=

Azap =
T =
B =

32,653.06
191.00
171.00

cm
cm
cm

Donde:
P = Carga de servicio
Lv = Volados iguales sin
excentricidad

2.- DETERMINACIN DE LA REACCIN AMPLIFICADA ( qmu )

Pu
Wnu=
Azap

1.4 x 180000 + 1.7 x 100000

350 x 370

3.70

kg/cm2

Donde:
Pu = Carga Ultima

3.- VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( = 0.85 )

Por Flexin:

T t
Lv=
2
Vdu=( WnuxB)(Lv-d )
Vc=0 .53 f'c bd
Vc Vdu

Lv =
r.e =
b ( 3/4") =
d=
Vdu =
=
Vc =

60.50
7.50
1.91
60.59
-57.02
0.85
79,576.09

cm
cm
cm
cm
kg

(Suponiendo varillas 3/4")

( d = hc - b - r.e. )
(Coef. De reduccion por corte)

kg

Vc = 67,639.68
Vc > Vdu OK!

kg

Por Punzonamiento:

[ ]

Vc=0 . 27 2+

Vu=Pu-Wnu x mn
kg

Vc = 0.27 * 2 + 4
c
Vc =
Vc =

(perimetro de los
planos de falla)
* f 'c^.5 * bo * d = 1.06 * f 'c^.5 * bo * d

555,426.41

448,939.43 Kg

kg
Vc=
472,112.45 kg
Vc=
Vc > Vdu
OK!
c = lado mayor columna ( t )
c = 1.4
lado menor columna ( b )
m=t+d
n=t+b
bo = 2*m + 2*n
Vu = vc OK !

2m +2n

381,598.52

Kg

d/2
d/2

m = 130.59
n = 110.59
Vu = 1.1 x f'c x bo x d
Vu = 448,939.43
kg
vc = 381,598.52
kg

bo = 2 x ( t + d ) + 2 x ( b + d ) =
bo = 482.36
cm

Dmayor
c = Dmenor ,
c 2 Vc=1. 06 f ' c bo d
VuVc; =0 . 85

d+b = n

67,496.56

f ' c bo d

Vu =

t
m = t+d
T

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO LONGITUDINAL ( = 0.90 )

Direccin Mayor:

( Wnu x B ) Lv 2
2
Mu
As=
a
Fy( d- )
2
As . Fy
a=
0. 85f'cb
Mu=

Lv =
60.50
Mu = 1,159,398.56
B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!

cm
cm2 2
(Valor Asumido)
cm
2
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
cm
# Varilla ( n ) =
cm
2
Espaciam =
2 3/4" @
cm2

2.85
2
154.09
154.09 cm

Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
8 3/4" @

2.85
8
22.01
22.01 cm

171.00

60.59
3.89
5.23
0.72

As = 5.09
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

cm
ree = 7.50
kg-cm b ( 3/4") = 1.91

As mn = 21.55 cm2
As

>

T=
B=
d=
a=

191
171
60.59
5.01

ASUMIR As mn !!
As mn

Direccin Menor:
As tranv = As * T
B
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!

cm2

2.85 cm2
2
174.09
174.09cm

Asmin = 44.69 cm2

Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
16 3/4" @

2.85
16
11.61
11.61 cm

As transv = 5.69
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

As transv
Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )
<

Lv1

ree = 7.50 cm
1.91 2cm

b ( 3/4") =

(Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
2 3/4" @

Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab

ld = b * fy *

cm
2cm2
cm

>

As mnASUMIR As mn !!

3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
(+1)
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1

=
=
=
=

1.00
0.80
1.00
1.00

b (3/4") =
r.e.e =
fy =
f'c =

C = 8.50
ktr = 0

1.91
7.50
4200
210

2.5

Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

Lv1 = 142.50 cm
Ld = 50.04 cm
Ld < Lv1

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
q= 10.41
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

OK !!

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo

Asc = 5.69
45 cm
3xh

390 cm

cm2

> 174.09 OK !!

5.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN COLUMNA - ZAPATA ( = 0.70 )

Para la seccin A colum = 70*50 = 3500 cm ( COLUMNA )
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
Ab
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 121000 kg
A1 = 3500
cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 437325 kg
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

# Varilla ( n ) =

OK !!

As mn = 17.50 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
USAR : As1 = 17.50 cm2
OK !!
As col > As min

Para la seccin A zapata = 350*370 = 129500 cm ( ZAPATA )

Pu < x 0.85 x f 'c x A2/A1 x A1

x 0.85 x f 'c x A2/A1 x A1 =

Pu = 121000 kg
A1 = 3500 cm2
A2 = 32661 cm2
874650 kg

OK !!

A2/A1 =

###

Pgina 4 de 41

DISEO DE ZAPATA COMBINADA

Disear la zapata combinada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura. La capacidad portante del suelo es
qa = 2 kg/cm2Considere fy = 4200 kg/cm2 y f'c = 210 kg/cm2 para la cimentacion . F'c = 280 kg/cm2 en las columnas.
COL:
C1
C2

SECCION
50 X 50
40 X 50
b x t

REF.
9 3/4"
9 3/4"
Acero

PD
20
40
tn

PL
15
24
tn

PL1

PL2
S/C = 500 kg/m

t1

hc = 54.00

t2
4.55

Df = 1.60
m = 1800
qa = 2.00

h t = 101.00

2b

1b

1.40

m
Otros
kg/m3
S/C = 500 kg/m
kg/cm2 d(eje-eje)= 4.3 m

Columna
f ' c = ### kg/cm

f'c=
fy =

Zapata
175 kg/cm
4200 kg/cm

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA ( Az = S*T )

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )
ld = 0.08 * b * Fy
raiz(f 'c)

b ( 3/4" ) =
0.08 x b x fy / f c =

1.91
49

cm
cm

32

cm

ld =

49

cm

r.e =
hc=
ht=

7.50
59.00
101.00

cm
cm
cm

ht =

101.00

cm

qm =

1.63

.004*b*fy =

OK !!

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy
Tomar
hc = ld + r.e + b
hm = Df - hc

Tomar

Longitud de desarrollo en compresin

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qm = qa - m*hm -c*hc - s/c

kg/cm

Clculo del rea de la zapata ( Az )

P1s =

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + P2L
Rs = P1s + P2s
20

+ Mo = 0

35

Tn

P2s = 64 Tn

20

30

Rs * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

Xo
455.00
Rs =

Lz / 2
e = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e < Lz/6
q1,2 = Rs * 1 6 * e
Lz
Lz

30

P1s =
P2s =
Rs =
Xo =

35
64
99
301.21

Tn
Tn
Tn
cm

Lz =
Lz / 2 =
e=
Lz / 6=

625.00
312.50
11.29
104

cm
cm
cm
cm

170.00
99

Tn

cm

Pgina 5 de 41

L = 2 x Xo
B =(P1s +P2s)
qn x L

L=
602
cm
B=
101
cm
tomamos B =
85 cm

Como S/C = 500 kg/cm, Verificamos las presiones del suelo - ADICIONAL ( q 1,2 )
Ps1 = P1D + 50%P1L
Ps2 = P2D + P2L
R1s = P1s + P2s

P1s =

+ Mo = 0

20

R1s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

27.5 Tn

P2s =

20

30

30

0
Xo
455.00

e = Xo1 - Xo
q = Ps + Mc = Ps + Ps x e
Az I
Az
I

64 Tn

P1s =
P2s =
R1s =
Xo1 =

27.5
64
91.5
324.26

Tn
Tn
Tn
cm

170.00

R1s = 91.5

e=

23.05

cm

Tn
I = ( B x L^3 )/12
I = 1454767.9167 cm4

cm

AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B
q=
44.56
kg/cm2
q < qm cumple " OK "
q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"

150 cm
Aumentamos el Ancho hc =
Un nuevo calculo
Ps = 91500 kg
q = 1.41 kg/cm2
e = 23.05 cm
B = 265
cm
I = 74531250
cm4

OK !!

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + 50%P2L
R2s = P1s + P2s

P1s =

+ Mo = 0

20

R2s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

35 Tn

P2s =

20

30

30

0
Xo
470.00

Lz / 2
e2 = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e2 < Lz/6
q1,2 = R2s * 1 6 * e2
Lz*BBLz

52 Tn

P1s =
P2s =
R2s =
Xo =

35
52
87
288.97

Tn
Tn
Tn
cm

1.40

R2s =

q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"

q < qm cumple " OK "

87 Tn

e=

12.24

cm

q=

1.62

kg/cm2

2.- DISEO EN SENTIDO LONGITUDINAL

P1s =

I = ( B x L^3 )/12
I=
74531250

cm4

OK !!

35 Tn

P2s =

64 Tn

Clculo de la presin neta por unidad de longitud ( qm )

qm
0.2

qn = P1s + P2s
Az
qn = 6205.7293 kg/m
Por unidad de Longitud
qm = qm1*B

4.50

( No amplificada )

Por Unidad de LONGITUD

qm =

6205.73

kg/m

140.00 m

cm3

Pgina 6 de 41

55311.978 kg

V
1241.15 kg

+
-

1.6297

-8688.022 kg
-33758.85 kg
kg - m
-27385.1
M

+
124.12

kg - m
kg - m

6081.62
Encontramos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes verificamos el corte por Flexion:
d = -ree + hc
1.50 x Vu =
67050.27
d = 141.00
cm
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) =
44700.18 kg
Aporte del Concreto :

Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =
0.85 x Vc = 222678.77 kg
Aumentamos el Peralte a h =
150 cm.

Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) =
Aporte del Concreto :

261975.02 kg
OK !!
d=
h- ree
d=
### cm

kg

ya que : F = ( 1.4 x D + 1.7 x L )/( D + L )

F=

Vu < 0 x Vc

1.5

Cumple !!

44700.18 kg

Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =
0.85 x Vc = 222678.77 kg

261975.02 kg
Vu < 0 x Vc Cumple !!
Vu < O x Vc
CUMPLE !!

VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( = 0.85 )

COLUMNA EXTERIOR :
Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) =
31075.805 kg
Vu = 31075.80549 kg
c=
El aporte del Concreto :
1
bo = ( b + ,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) =

Vc = 0.27 x 2 +

422 cm

4 x f 'c x bo x d
c

Vc = 1396870.757 kg
Vc = 1187340.143 kg
Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d =
Vc = 948492.49 kg
Vc = 806218.62 kg
CUMPLE !!
Vu < Vc

COLUMNA INTERIOR :
Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) =
Vu =
75697.49
kg
c = 1.25
El aporte del Concreto :

75697.49

bo = ( b + 0,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) = 493 cm

Vc = 0.27 x 2 +

4 x f 'c x bo x d
c

Vc = 1412870 kg
Vc = 1200939 kg
948492.49 kg

Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d =
Vc = 1106949 kg
Vc = 940906.79 kg
CUMPLE !!
Vu < Vc

###

kg

kg

Pgina 7 de 41

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO EN EL TRAMO CENTRAL

X x qn - P1 = 0
X=

P1
qn
Calculo de As :

X = 5.64 m
m
m

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

Mu =

Mu =

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

qn x X^2
2

91699.11
r .e .e =

265 cm2
141 cm2
2.77 cm
26.06 cm2
2.78 cm

P1 x X

Mu = -91699.11 kg - m

kg - m
8cm

db =1.91
c

(Valor Asumido)
m
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
2.85
2
cm2
# Varilla ( n ) =
9
Espaciam =31 cm
9 3/4" @
31 cm

As = 26.06 cm2

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 24
Espaciam =11 cm
As mn = 67.26 cm2
24 3/4" @
11 cm
As

>

As mn ASUMIR As mn !!

5.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO POR DEBAJO DE LA COLUMNA INTERIOR

Mu =

qn x ( L )^2
2

Mu =

6081.61

L=

1.91

Calculo de As :

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

kg - m
m

1.4

Mu =

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

265
141
0.18
1.71
0.18

cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm

As = 1.71 cm2

14 5/8"@ 22cm

6081.61
r .e .e =

kg - m
8cm

db =1.91

c
(Valor Asumido)
m
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
2.85
2
cm2
# Varilla ( n ) =
1
Espaciam =#DIV/0!
cm
1 3/4" @
#DIV/0!
cm

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 25
Espaciam =10 cm
As mn = 71.55 cm2
25 3/4" @
10 cm
As

>

As mn

ASUMIR As mn !!

Disear en sentido transversal a cada columna le corresponde una porcion de Zapata

d/2

1.205

d/2

d/2

1.91

Pgina 8 de 41

ZAPATA EXTERIOR

ZAPATA INTERIOR

Pgina 9 de 41

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

120.5 cm2 r .e .e = 8 cm
db = 1.59 cm2
141 cm2
0.52
(Valor Asumido)
cm
2.20
cm2
0.52
cm

As = 2.2

qn =

cm2

As mn = 32.54 cm2

1.68

kg/cm2

Mu = 1169724

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 11
Espaciam = 10.00 cm
11 3/4" @ 10 cm

qn = 1.91 kg/cm2

Mu =
r .e .e = 8 cm

191
141
0.64
4.34
0.64

cm
cm2

As = 4.34

cm2

db =

1.59 cm2

(Valor Asumido)

cm
cm2
cm

As mn = 51.57

###

Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
### 3/4" @

cm2

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( = 0.70 )

Para la seccin A columna = 50*50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 53500 kg
A1 = 2500 cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 312375 kg

As mn = 12.50cm2

Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

As col > As min

CUMPLE !!

OK !!

Para la seccin B columna = 40*50 = 2000 cm ( COLUMNA )

* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 96800 kg
A1 = 2000 cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 249900 kg
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

As mn = 10.00cm2
As col > As min

CUMPLE !!

OK !!

Detalle de refuerzos en la Zapata Combinada verificamos primero el espaciamiento maximo

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo
45 cm
3xh=
450 cm

>
450

d/2

OK !!

d/2

d/2

24 3/4"@ 11cm

18 3/4"@ 10cm
11 3/4"@ 10cm

25 3/4"@ 10cm

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy * <
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

Lv1
Ld =

71 cm

Ld1 = 46 cm

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
(+1)
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1
Calculo del refuerzo minimo :
As mn = 71.55 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
25 3/4" @

2.85 cm2
25
10.00 cm
10 cm

b (3/4") = 1.91
= 1.00
b (5/8") = 1.59
= 0.80
r.e.e = 7.50
= 1.00
fy = 4200
= 1.30
f'c = ###
1 = 1.00
Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

C = 6.50
ktr = 0

2.5

q=

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
8.41

q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!

q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

Lv1 = 132.50
Ld < Lv1
Ld = 71.26 cm
Refuerzo montaje en forma de Garrido

OK !!

3/8" para refuerzo principal =< 3/4"

1/2" para refuerzo principal > 3/4"
con espaciamiento maximo de 45 cm.
0.2

2.85 cm2
18
10.00 cm
10 cm

Pgina 10 de 41

DISEO DE ZAPATA CONECTADA

Disear la zapata conectada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura . La capacidad portante
admisible del suelo es qa = 2.0 kg/cm2 . Considere Fy = 4200 kg/cm2 , f'c = 175 kg/cm2 para la
cimentacion

DATOS:
Zapata
f ' c = 175 kg/cm
Columna
f ' c = 210 kg/cm
b1 = 50 cm
t1 = 50 cm
b2 = 40 cm
t2 = 50 cm
COL
1
2

fy=
Df =
m=
c=
qa =
db =

SECCION REFUERZO
50 X
50
9 3/4"
40 X
50
9 3/4"

Acero
4200
Suelo
1.60
1800
2400
2.00
1.91
PD (tn)
50
40

kg/cm

S/C = 500 kg/m

m
kg/m
kg/m
kg/cm
cm

Lc = 550 cm
db = 1.91 cm

PL (tn)
30
24

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA Y VIGA DE CIMENTACION

ZAPATA EXTERIOR:

Ld =

Ld = 0.08x1,91x4200/(175^(1/2)) =
Ld = 49 cm

0.08xdbxfy

f 'c

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy

Ld >= 0.004x1.91x4200 =
Ld = 32 cm

48.51 cm

hc = Ld + r.ee + b
hm = Df - hc

32.09 cm

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

hc = 59 cm
hc = Ld + 10 =
ht = 101 cm

ht = Df - hc =

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qn = qa - m*hm - gc*hc - s/c

qn = 2.4-(1800xE^-06)x(101)-(2400xE^06)x(59)-(500xE^04) =
1.63 kg/cm2
qn =

CALCULO DE P'2 : Tanteo e =

( PD + PL ) x e

P'2 = 9249.49kg
Ps
Az =
qn
A = 2 x( b )^2 =
nuevo e =

Az =

( 50 + 30 ) x 1000 x 57
550 - 57

P1 + P' 2
qn

54868.44

b -t
2 2

Lc - e

= 54868.437

b = 166

t=2b

cm2

9431
54980
b = 166
b= 165
t= 330

----->

A = 165 x 330

e = 57 cm

9249.49

cm
P'1 =
P'2 =

e = 58
A = 2 x( b )^2 = 54980

Tomamos b = 165 cm

=
=

P1xe

P'2 =

57 cm

tomamos

Pgina 11 de 41

ZAPATA EXTERIOR:

Ld =

49

Ld = 0.08x1.91x4200/(175^(1/2)) =
Ld = 49 cm

0.08xdbxfy

f 'c

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy

hc = Ld + r.ee + b
hm = Df - hc

cm

32 cm

Ld >= 0.004x1.91x4200 =
Ld = 32 cm

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

hc = 60 cm
hc = Ld + 10 =
ht = 100 cm

ht = Df - hc =

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qn = qa - m*hm - gc*hc - s/c

qn = 2.4-(1700xE^-06)x(120)-(2400xE-06)x(60)-(500xE-04) =
qn =

CALCULO DE P'2 : Tanteo e =

P1xe

( PD + PL ) x e

P'2 = 9486.00kg
Ps
Az =
qn
A = ( b )^2 =

71 cm

Lc - e
Az =

( 40 + 24 ) x 1000 x 50
550 - 50

P2 + P' 2
qn

36743.00

b = 192

b -t
2 2

nuevo e =

36743

P'1 =
P'2 =

e = 71

150

= 9486

cm2

usamos b = 250 cm
155 cm

A = 2 x( b )^2 = 44743

b=

P'2 =

2.00 kg/cm2

9486
44743
b = 150

A2 = ( 150 x 150 )

VIGAS DE CIMENTACION
h=
b=

Lc
7

550
7

P1
31 x Lc

h = 79 cm

SECCION
50 x 80

b = 47 cm

DISEO DE LA VIGA DE CONEXIN

Wv = b x h x c =

9.6

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As x fy / ( 0.85 x f 'c x b )
As mn = 0.8 x (f ' c ^0.5) x B * d/ fy
As > As mn OK !!
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

kg/m

Mu = P' 2 x L + Wv x ( L^2 )/2=

7250000
Mu = 7250000 kg-cm
b ( 3/4") =
ree = 7.50
1.91
B = 50
cm
d = 79.00 2cm2
a = 5.00 cm2(Valor Asumido)
As = 25.07 cm2
Ab ( 1" ) =
a = 14.16 cm
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
As = 26.67 cm2
11 1" @

2.54 cm2
11
3 cm
3 cm

Pgina 12 de 41

As mn = 9.95

cm2

As > Asmin

11

1" @
OK !!

cm

Pgina 13 de 41

VERIFICACION POR CORTE

Vu = P' 2 + Wv x L
L

APORTE DEL CONCRETO

Vu =

21982 KG
Vu < Vc

23540

Vc = 0.53 x (f ' c ^0.5) x b x d =

OK !!

DISEO DE LA ZAPATA EXTERIOR

ZAPATA EXTERIOR

ZAPATA INTERIOR

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

qn =

150 cm2
41 cm2
5.00
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

cm2
cm2
cm

As = #DIV/0!cm2
As mn = 13.5
###

#DIV/0!

Mu =

kg/cm2

#DIV/0!

r .e .e = 7.5 cm
db = 1.59 cm2
(Valor Asumido)

Ab ( 5/8" ) = 1.98 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = #DIV/0!
Espaciam = #DIV/0!
cm
cm2

5/8" @

Pu
Az

qn =

Mu =
L=
B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

#DIV/0!

qnu x B x (L^2)
2
100 cm
r .e .e =
250 cm2
51
5 cm
( Valor Asumido )
#DIV/0!cm2
#DIV/0!
cm

As = #DIV/0!cm2
#Varilla n = 14
Espaciam. = 17.88
Asmin = 27 cm2

#DIV/0!
cm

14

5/8" @

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( = 0.70 )

Columna Exterior
Para la seccin A columna = 50 x 50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 121000 kg
A1 = 2500 cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 312375 kg
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

# Varilla ( n ) =

OK !!

As mn = 12.50 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
USAR :
As1 = 12.50 cm2
OK !!
Columna Interior
As col > As min
Para la seccin B columna = 50 x 50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
Pu = 96800 kg
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A1 = 2000 cm2
A colum = b *t
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 249900 kg
# Varilla ( n ) =
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
As mn = 0.005 * A1
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1
USAR :
As1 =
OK !!
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As mn = 10.00 cm2
OK !!
As col. > As mn OK !!
As col > As min

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy *
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

<

Lv1

Pgina 14 de 41

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
(+1)
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1

=
=
=
=

1.00
0.80
1.00
1.00

b (5/8") =
r.e.e =
fy =
f'c =

1.59
7.50
4200
175

C = 8.50
ktr = 0
2.5

Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

Lv1 = 38.13 cm
Ld = 46 cm
AUMENTAR EL T !!
Ld < Lv1

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
q=
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo

45 cm
3xh

0 cm

As1 =
>

OK !!

6 1"@ 7cm

14 5/8"@ 22cm
12 5/8"@ 12cm

d/2
d/2

14 5/8"@ 18cm

Pgina 15 de 41

Pgina 16 de 41

cm2

3
3

Pgina 17 de 41

Pgina 18 de 41

kg

#DIV/0! kg
8 cm
( Valor Asumido )

18 cm

4
2.85
cm2
10.00 cm2

OK !!

Pgina 19 de 41

8.50

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
10.09
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

DISEO DE LOSA DE CIMENTACION

S/C= 450

m1=

1700

KS
0.9

Y'
A

D
0.2

4.5

Y
9.8
4

6
X

H
4.5

J
0.2

0.6

5.4

X'

5.4

0.6

11.6
DATOS
COLUMNA

PD (ton)

PL (ton)

Pu

45

25

70

60

30

90

60

30

90

4
5

60
100

30
40

90
140

6
7
8
9

70
60
70
60
585

30
30
30
30
275

100
90
100
90
860

1.- CALCULO DEL ESPESOR DE LA PLACA

METODO DE DISEO ASUMIENDO

3Ks

F'c =
Fy =

210
4200

kg/cm2
kg/cm2

2400

kg/m3

qa =

1.4

kg/cm2

Ks =

1
450

kg/cm3
Kg/m2

1700

kg/m3

c=

S/C=

m1=

t=

50

cm.

E=15000*F'c

Et3
=

0.003242 m-1

0.003240

m-1

1.75

5.401

Lc= 5.4
Lc= 4.5

Se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin:

1.75/ <Lc
METODO RIGIDO
AREA DE LOSA
113.68 m2

A= B * L =

B=
L=

11.6
9.8

m.
m.

Df=

90

cm.

ht=

40

cm.

PRESIONES DEL SUELO

qn=qa - * ht - c * hc - S/C
qn=

1.167

kg/cm2

2.-PRESION POR DEBAJO DE PUNTOS PERIMETRALES

X'= PiXi

ex= X' - B/2

Pi
X'=

578.84

cm.

Y'= PiYi

X =

579

cm.

ex =

-1

cm.

Y '=

494

cm.

ey =

cm.

Pi
Y'=

494.30

cm.

ey= Y' - L/2

Entonces :

q = ( Pu/a ) + - ( MyX / Iy ) + - ( MxY / Ix )

Donde :
Pu=

1286500

kg.

Ix= BL3/12

909.8189333

Ix=

909.8189 m4

Iy= LB3/12

1274.731733

Iy=

1274.7317 m4

ENTONCES:
q=

q=

1286500 + - 1286500x + - 5146000y

(980)(1160)
1.275*1011 9.098*1010
1.132 + - 0.00001x + - 0.00006y

Pu/A = 1.1317

Pu/A = 1.132

3.-PROCESAMOS LA TABLA
PUNTO

Pu/A

X(cm.)

0.00001X

Y(cm.)

0.00006y

q(kg/cm2)

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L

1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132

-580
-290
250
580
-580
580
-580
580
-580
-290
250
580

0.006
0.003
-0.003
-0.006
0.006
-0.006
0.006
-0.006
0.006
0.003
-0.003
-0.006

490
490
490
490
245
245
-205
-205
-490
-490
-490
-490

0.029
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.015
0.015
-0.012
-0.012
-0.029
-0.029
-0.029
-0.029

1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

4.-COMPARAMOS LAS PRESIONES CALCULADAS CON LA PRESION NETA DEL SUELO

q<=qn

SI CUMPLE

5.-CALCULAMOS EL PERALTE DE LA LOSA A PARTIR DEL CORTE POR PUNZONAMIENTO

COLUMNA 5

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)

n= 40 + d

d/2

m = 40 + d
Vu= 1.4*100000 +1.7*40000 -1.167*(40+d)*(40+d)
Vu=

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d

Vu = Vc

Igualamos :
Vc=1.1210*4(40+d)
Vc=

n = 40 +d/2

COLUMNA 2

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)
Vu= 1.4*60000 +1.7*30000 -1.167*(40+d)*(40+d/2)

m = 40 +d

COLUMNA 1

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)

Vc=1.1210*(120+2d)d
Vc=
Vu=Vc

Igualamos

n=40 +d/2

m = 40 +d/2

Vu= 1.4*45000 +1.7*25000 -1.167*(40+d/2)*(40+d/2)

Vu=

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d
Vc=1.1210*2(40+d/2)d
Vc= 1083.95d +13.55d2
Vu=Vc

Igualamos

13.83d2 + 1130.63d - 103633 =0

Si

d = 55
ht = 65

VERIFICAMOS LA CONDICION DE DISEO

=

3Ks

E=15000*F'c

Et3
=

0.002663 m-1

0.002660 m-1

1.75
6.579
m.

Se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin:

1.75/ <Lc

Lc= 5.4
Lc= 4.5

METODO RIGIDO

6.-CALCULAMOS EL FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE CARGA F PARA CADA FRANJA

FRANJA

q prom.

CP

A
B
C
D
E
F
E
F
H
G
G
H
I
J
K
L
A
B
J
I
G
E
B
C
J
K
C
D
F
H
K
L

1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.153
1.141
1.114
1.126
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097
1.167
1.164
1.106
1.108
1.126
1.153
1.164
1.159
1.106
1.100
1.159
1.156
1.141
1.114
1.100
1.097

1.1566

245

1160

P1
P2
P3

375500.0

352098

0.938
1

1.1332

450

1160

P4
P5
P6

492000.00 541765.2

1.101

1.1084

285

1160

P7
P8
P9

419000.00

392713

0.937
1

1.1372

290

980

P1
P4
P7

375500.00

349351

0.930
1

1.1322

540

980

P2
P5
P8

492000.00

545580

1.109

1.1277

330

980

P3
P6
P9

419000.00

391849

0.935

Efectuamos el diseo de la losa considerando por cuestiones academicas una sola franja central EFGH, en primer lugar
determinamos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes y momentos flectores a partir del modelo estructural.

1.2 P4

1.2 P5

1.2 P6

q1 = b x (qe + qg)
2

0.2

5.4

5.4

0.6

q1 = 450 x ( 1.153 + 1.126 ) = 513

2
q2 = b x ( qf + qh )
2
q2 = 450 x ( 1.141 + 1.114 ) = 507
2
q = 510

149400
123600

1.2 x P4 =
1.2 x P5 =

1.2 x(1.4x60000+1.7x30000) =
1.2 x(1.4x100000+1.7x40000) =

162000
249600

10200

1.2 x P6 =

1.2 x(1.4x70000+1.7x30000) =

178800

Verificacion por Flexion

Vu = 151800 - 510*(20 + 56 ) =

113040

Vc = 0.53 x( 210 ^.5 ) x b x d =

126000

29400

151800

Vc =164515
Vu < Vc

OK

Refuerzo superior :
22489412

20614568
Mu =
a=

(-)

102000

22489412 kg -cm
5
cm

(-)

7512000

918000

AS =
111.21
a=
5.81
AS = 112.06
( 23 1" @ 20 cm )
Asmin = 0.0018 x b x h =

Refuerzo Inferior :
Mu =
a=

7512000 kg -cm
1.94
cm

AS =
36.11
a=
5.81
AS = 37.43
Asmin = 0.0018 x b x h =
( 19 3/4" @ 25 cm )

cm2
cm
cm2
52.65 cm2

cm2
cm
cm2

52.65 cm2

Disear la losa de cimentacin mostrada considerando un suelo de capacidad portante admisible

qa = 1,2 kg/cm. Todas las columnas son cuadradas de 50 cm x 50 cm. La profundidad de cimentacin
es de 1,10 m., el peso especfico del suelo es g = 1650 kg/m y la sobrecarga s/c = 500 kg/m ,
fy = 4200 kg/cm , f'c = 210 kg/cm y ks = 8 kg/cm.

4
5.05m

8
4.80m

10

11

12

20.00m
4.80m

13

14

15

16
4.80m

17

18

19

20
0.55m

5.75m

5.50m
17.45m

CUADRO DE CARGAS
Toneladas
COLUMNA
PD
PL
1
40
15
2-3
60
30
4
50
25
5 - 9 - 13
70
30
6 - 7 140
70
10 - 11 160
75
14 - 15 160
85
8 - 12 - 16
90
40
17
80
35
18 - 19
85
40
20 100
45

5.50m

0.70m

SOLUCION
s =

0.00165 kg/cm

50 cm

s/c =

0.05 kg/cm

tcol =

50 cm

fy =

4200 kg/cm

Df =

110 cm

f'c =

210 kg/cm

qa =

1.2 kg/cm

bcol =

Ks =

8 kg/cm

E=

217371 kg/cm

c =

0.25
0.0024 kg/cm

CALCULO DEL AREA DE LA LOSA Y EL ESPESOR

A=

20.00*17.45 m2

A=

349.00

m2

Mtodo a usar

3 x Ks

Lc =

550
480

Lc

<

1.75

METODO RIGIDO

Lc

>

1.75

METODO
FLEXIBLE

Si

E x t

cm
cm

Tabulando :
t

10
20
30
40
50
60
70

0.018228569
0.010838772
0.007996715
0.006444772
0.005451614
0.004754875
0.004235738

1,75/

96
161
219
272
321
368
413

METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE

CALCULO DE LA PRESION NETA

Asumiendo
t=

50.00 cm

qn =

qa - t x ht - c x hc - s/c

qn =

1,2 - 1650E-6 (110 - 50) - 2400E-6 (50) - 500E-4

qn =

0.931 kg/cm

Verificacin por punzonamiento

Vu =

Pu - qn x m x n

Vc =

1,1 f'c x bo x d

FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE

COLUMNA 1
50

50 + d/2
50

50 + d/2

Vu = 1,4 x 40000 + 1,7 x 15000 - 0,931 x (50 + d/2) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

81500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 50 d + 0,25 d )

()

Vc = 1,10 210 x 2 (50 + d/2) d

Vc =

31.881 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )

Vc =

27.099 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

27.099 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )
1354,94 d + 13,55 d

81500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 50 d + 0,25 d )

81500 - 2327,50 - 46,55 d - 0,23 d

d + 101,70 d - 5745,46 = 0

d=

40.43 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 2 - 3
50

50 + d/2
50

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 60000 + 1,7 x 30000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

135000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

()

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

= 135000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

=

135000 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 4813,25 = 0

d=

41.03 cm

COLUMNA 4

50

50 + d/2
50

50 + d

NO OK !

Vu =

1,4 x 50000 + 1,7 x 25000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

112500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

()

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

112500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

112500 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 3996,97 = 0

d=

35.7 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 5 - 9 - 13
50

50

50 + d/2

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 70000 + 1,7 x 30000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

149000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

()

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

=
=

149000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

149000 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 5321,16 = 0

d=

44.18 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 6 - 7

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 140000 + 1,7 x 70000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

315000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

()

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

315000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

315000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 5671,86 = 0

d=

54.07 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 10 - 11

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 75000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

351500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

()

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

351500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

351500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 6333,97 = 0

d=

58.13 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 14 - 15

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 85000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

368500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

()

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

368500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

368500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 6642,34 = 0

d=

59.95 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 8 - 12 - 16

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 90000 + 1,7 x 40000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

194000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

()

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

194000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

194000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3476,93 = 0

d=

38.79 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 17

50

50

50 + d/2

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 80000 + 1,7 x 35000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

171500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

()

Vc = 1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

=
=

171500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

171500 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 6137,44 = 0

d=

49.00 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 18 - 19

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 85000 + 1,7 x 40000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

187000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

()

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

187000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

187000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3349,95 = 0

d=

37.79 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 20

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 100000 + 1,7 x 45000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

216500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

()

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

()

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

216500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

216500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3885,07 = 0

d=

41.89 cm

t=

70 cm

qn =

NO OK !

1,2 - 1650E-6 (110 - 70) - 2400E-6 (70) - 500E-4

qn =

0.916 kg/cm

COLUMNA 14 - 15

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 85000 - 0,916 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

368500 - 0,916 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

()

 Vc =

()

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Igualando () y (), tenemos:

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

368500 - 0,916 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

368500 - 2290 - 91,60 d - 0,916 d

d + 50,83 d - 6644,83 = 0

d=

59.97 cm

t=

OK !

70.00 cm.

3.-PROCESAMOS LA TABLA
PUNTO
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L

Pu/A
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132

X(cm.)
-580
-290
250
580
-580
580
-580
580
-580
-290
250
580

0.00001 Y(cm.) 0.00006y

0.006
490
0.029
0.003
490
0.029
-0.003
490
0.029
-0.006
490
0.029
0.006
245
0.015
-0.006
245
0.015
0.006
-205
-0.012
-0.006
-205
-0.012
0.006
-490
-0.029
0.003
-490
-0.029
-0.003
-490
-0.029
-0.006
-490
-0.029

q(kg/cm2)
1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

6.-CALCULAMOS EL FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE CARGA F PARA CADA FRANJA

FRANJA
A
B
C
D
E
F
E
F
H
G
G
H
I
J
K
L

q
1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.153
1.141
1.114
1.126
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

q prom.
1.1566

b
245

L
1160

P
P1
P2
P3

P
626450000.0

1.1332

450

1160

P4
P5
P6

626450000.00 313520765.2

0.500
1

1.1084

285

1160

P7
P8
P9

626450000.00 313408213

0.500
1

CP
313389348

F
0.500
1

A
B
J
I
G
E
B
C
J
K
C
D
F
H
K
L

1.167
1.164
1.106
1.108
1.126
1.153
1.164
1.159
1.106
1.100
1.159
1.156
1.141
1.114
1.100
1.097

1.1372

290

980

P1
P4
P7

0.00

161600.8567

0.500
1

1.1322

540

980

P2
P5
P8

626450000.00 313524580

0.500

1.1277

330

980

P3
P6
P9

626450000.00 313407349

0.500

DISEO DE PILOTES
Una columna de 30 x 60 , que lleva de refuerzo 8 3/4" transmite las cargas PD = 80 tn PL = 40 tn .
En una edificacion a la estratigrafia mostrada en la figura. Disear los elementos a considerar en la cimentacion
que permita transmitir la carga de la columna al estrato duro . Considere f ' c =210 kg/cm2 y fy = 4200kg/cm2.

S/C

kg/m2

300

Arena suelta

ht=

#REF!

Datos
24

Columna

cm

30

60

Cargas
tn

PD
80

PL
40

f ' c = 210
Fy = 4200

db

1.91

1500

c =

1800
Df =
650

2 =

hc= 0.00 m.

2400

Estracto Duro

1.- Clculo del peralte de la zapata:

ld = 0 . 08 *db*

Fy
F'c

Ld = 0.004 x db x fy

La longitud del Pilote es :

Ld =

44

cm

hc = Ld + 15

hc =

Se toma hc =
Ld =

32

cm

L = Df - ( b + t )+ 1

L=

660

cm

Usamos Pilotes de C A Prefabricado cuadrados de 40 x 40 . Calculamos su capacidad de carga.

Qu = Qf + Qp

Para suelos granulares

Qf1 = k x x tan x p x D x ( 15 x L - 112.5 x D )

Qf2 = k x c x tan 1 x p x ( Z2^2 - Z1^2 )/2
Qp = x L x( Nq - 1) x Ap

k=
1
p = 1.6
12165 kg

D = 0.4
L = 5.6
Z1 = 5.6
Ap =0.09

5708.189 kg
F.S =
Qp =

49572 kg
Pu =

Qu =

67445.19 kg

Calculamos el N de Pilotes :

Qa = Qu/F.S

Qa = 22481.7 kg

Dimensiones de la Zapata

N = Pu/ Qa

N = 8.01

Entonces N1 = 9

Az =

3.60

3.60

Verificamos el numero de Pilotes a usar :

N = P'u /Qa =( Pu + Az x ( t x + c + S/C) )/Qa
N = 9.27

Entonces :

N < N1 No Cumple AUMENTAR SECCION !!

Aumentamos (Pilote o la seccion del Pilote a 0.45 x 0.45

0.45
0.45
Recalculamos la seccion :

Qu = Qf + Qp

Para suelos granulares

k=
1
p = 1.8
13176 kg

Qf1 = k x x tan x p x D x ( 15 x L - 112.5 x D )

Qf2 = k x c x tan 1 x p x ( Z2^2 - Z1^2 )/2

D = 0.45
L = 5.6
Z1 = 5.6
Ap =0.11

6422 kg
F.S =

Qp = x L x( Nq - 1) x Ap

Qp =

59982 kg
Pu =

Qu =

79580 kg

Qa = Qu/F.S

Calculamos el N de Pilotes :
N = Pu/ Qa

Qa =

26527

kg

Dimensiones de la Zapata
N = 6.79

Az =

Entonces N1 = 9

4.1

4.1

Verificamos el numero de Pilotes a usar :

N = P'u /Qa =( Pu + Az x ( t x + c + S/C) )/Qa
N = 8.17

Entonces :

P' u = 216726 tn
Cumple ,OK !!

Calculamos la capacidad de carca del grupo de Pilotes :

Q = Ef

Qf +

Qp

Ef = (1 - tan ^ - 1 x ( D/d ) ) x( ( n^3 -1 ) x m^3 + (m^3 - 1 ) x n^3)/ (90 x m^3 x n^3) =

Qf =
Qp =

176382 kg
539838 kg

Qga = Qgu/F.S.

entonces

Qga = 238740

Qgu = 0.73 x Qf + Qp
Qgu =
716221
entonces :

Qga > P'u

Cumple !!

D = 80 tn PL = 40 tn .
a considerar en la cimentacion
10 kg/cm2 y fy = 4200kg/cm2.

Datos
kg/m3
kg/m2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/m2
cm

59

cm

60

cm

su capacidad de carga.
Tan =
Tan 1=
Z2 =
Nq =

0.324919696
0.476975533
6.6
55

180000 kg

Tan =
Tan 1=
Z2 =
Nq =

180000

0.324919696
0.476975533
6.6
55

Qga > P'u

0.73

Cumple !!