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TI
NG H CASIO HIN TH BNG GLCD
NHM 2
ng Sn Tng
Hunh Nguyn Phan Sinh
Vng Tn Pht
50903185
50902251
50901922
Gio vin hng dn: V Trng Thin
MC LC
Contents
BI BO CO NG H CASIO ..................................................................................................................... 3
1.
2.
THIT K NIM...................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
M t h thng ................................................................................................................................ 3
3.
2.2.1
Vi iu khin .................................................................................................................................. 5
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
GLCD .............................................................................................................................................. 7
4.
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
Mode hn gi ................................................................................................................................. 16
3.2.4
Mode ng h th thao.................................................................................................................. 18
KT LUN ................................................................................................................................................. 19
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
BI BO CO NG H CASIO
1. THIT K NIM
1.1 Phn tch ti
Tn :
Thit k ng h Casio:
+ Vi iu khin la chn: 8951 v quen thuc vi sinh vin
+ Hin th ra GLCD
+ ng h c chc nng ging vi ng h Casio F98
Trng thi 3: Hn gi
ng h c 3 ch hin th: Ch , ngy thng v thi gian
Nt bm mt dng chuyn sang ch khc hoc tng gi
Nt bm 2 dng bt u v chuyn sang tng v tr gi pht giy
Thi gian l ch 12h ting, c am v pm
Hn ch vic chnh sai ngy (vd: 31-4 th s t ng thnh 1-5)
2. THIT K LUN L
2.1 Thit k logic ca h thng
Chng trnh: Proteus
2.2.4 GLCD
a. Chc nng: Hin th gi v nhng yu cu theo mun ca ngi lp trnh.
b. Kt ni ti cc modun khc: Kt ni n cc chn P2(chn d liu) , P3.2 P3.6 (chn
iu khin) ca 89C51.
3. HIN THC
3.1 Phn cng:
3.1.1 Graphic LCD 128x64
Graphic LCD (gi tt l GLCD) loi chm khng mu l cc loi mn hnh tinh th lng nh dng
hin th ch, s hoc hnh nh. Khc vi Text LCD, GLCD khng c chia thnh cc hin th
cc m ASCII v GLCD khng c b nh CGRAM (Character Generation RAM). GLCD 128x64 c
128 ct v 64 hng tng ng c 128x64=8192 chm (dot). Mi chm tng ng vi 1 bit d liu, v
nh th cn 8192 bits hay 1024 bytes RAM cha d liu hin th y mi 128x64 GLCD. Ty theo
loi chip iu khin, nguyn l hot ng ca GLCD c th khc nhau, trong bi ny ti gii thiu loi
GLCD c iu khin bi chip KS0108 ca Samsung, c th ni GLCD vi KS0108 l ph bin nht
trong cc loi GLCD loi ny (chm, khng mu).
Hnh 2. Kt ni GLCD.
Chn VSS c ni trc tip vi GND, chn VDD ni vi ngun +5V, mt bin tr khong 20K
c dng chia in p gia Vdd v Vee cho chn Vo, bng cch thay i gi tr bin tr chng ta
c th iu chnh tng phn ca GLCD. Cc chn iu khin RS, R/W, EN v cc ng d liu
c ni trc tip vi vi iu khin. Ring chn Reset (RST) c th ni trc tip vi ngun 5V.
EN (Enable): cho php mt qu trnh bt u, bnh thng chn EN c gi mc thp, khi
mt thc hin mt qu trnh no (c hoc ghi GLCD), cc chn iu khin khc s c ci t
sn sng, sau kch chn EN ln mc cao. Khi EN c ko ln cao, GLCD bt u lm thc hin
qu trnh c yu cu, chng ta cn ch mt khong thi gian ngn cho GLCD c hoc gi d liu.
Cui cng l ko EN xung mc thp kt thc qu trnh v cng chun b chn EN cho qu trnh
sau ny.
RS (Register Select): l chn la chn gia d liu (Data) v lnh (Instruction), v th m trong
mt s ti liu bn c th thy chn RS c gi l chn DI (Data/Instruction Select). Chn RS=1 bo
rng tn hiu trn cc ng DATA (D0:7) l d liu ghi hoc c t RAM ca GLCD. Khi RS=0, tn
hiu trn ng DATA l mt m lnh (Instruction).
RW (Read/Write Select): chn la gia vic c v ghi. Khi RW=1, chiu truy cp t GLCD ra
ngoi (GLCD->AVR). RW=0 cho php ghi vo GLCD. Giao tip vi GLCD ch yu l qu trnh ghi
(AVR ->GLCD), ch duy nht trng hp c d liu t GLCD l c bit BUSY v c d liu t
RAM. c bit BUSY th chng ta kho st cho Text LCD, bit ny bo GLCD c ang bn hay
khng, vic c ny s c dng vit hm wait_GLCD. c d liu t RAM ca GLCD l mt
kh nng mi m Text LCD khng c, bng vic c ngc t GLCD vo AVR, chng ta c th thc
hin nhiu php logic hnh (hay mt n, mask) lm cho vic hin th GLCD thm th v.
CS2 v CS1 (Chip Select): nh ti trnh by trong phn trn, mi chip KS0108 ch c kh
nng iu khin mt GLCD c kch thc 64x64, trn cc GLCD 128x64 c 2 chip KS0108 lm vic
cng nhau, mi chip m nhim mt na LCD, 2 chn CS2 v CS1 cho php chn mt chip KS0108
lm vic. Thng thng nu CS2=0, CS1=1 th na tri c kch hot, ngc li khi CS2=1,
CS1=0 th na phi c chn. Chng ta s hiu r hn cch phi hp lm vic ca 2 na GLCD trong
phn kho st b nh ca LCD.
T chc b nh
Chip KS0108 c mt loi b nh duy nht l RAM, khng c b nh cha b font hay cha m
font t to nh chip HD44780U ca Text LCD. V vy, d liu ghi vo RAM s c hin th trc tip
trn GLCD. Mi chip KS0108 c 512 bytes RAM tng ng vi 4096 chm trn mt na (64x64)
LCD. RAM ca KS0108 khng cho php truy cp tng bit m theo tng byte, iu ny c ngha l mi
ln chng ta vit mt gi tr vo mt byte no trn RAM ca GLCD, s c 8 chm b tc ng, 8
chm ny nm trn cng 1 ct. V l do ny, 64 dng GLCD thng c chia thnh 8 pages, mi
page c cao 8 bit v rng 128 ct (c 2 chip gp li). Hnh 3 m t b mt mt GLCD v cng l
cch sp xp RAM ca cc chip KS0108.
10
chuyn GLCD ln pha trn, phn d liu pha trn b che khut s cun xung pha di. Hnh 5 l
mt v d cun GLCD ln 20 dng.
- Status Read c trng thi GLCD: y l mt trong 2 lnh c t GLCD. Cng ging nh vi
Text LCD, lnh c trng thi GLCD ch yu xt bit BUSY (bit th 7) xem GLCD c ang bn
hay khng, lnh ny s c dng vit mt hm wait_GLCD ch cho n khi GLCD rnh. V y
l lnh c t GLCD nn chn RW phi c set ln mc 1 trc khi thc hin, chn RS vn mc
thp (c Instruction).
- Write Display Data ghi d liu cn hin th vo GLCD hay RAM: v y l 1 lnh ghi d liu
hin th nn chn RS cn c set ln 1 trc khi thc hin, chn RW gi mc 0. Lnh ny cho php
ghi mt byte d liu vo RAM ca KS0108 v cng l d liu s hin th ln GLCD ti v tr hin hnh
ca 2 con tr a ch X v Y. 8 bit d liu ny s tng ng vi 8 chm trn ct Y page X. Ch l
sau lnh Write Display Data, a ch ct Y t ng c tng ln 1 v v th nu c mt d liu mi
c ghi, d liu mi s khng ln d liu c. Vic tng t ng a ch Y rt c li cho vic ghi
d liu lin tip, n gip gim thi gian set li a ch ct Y. Sau khi thc hin ghi ct Y=63 (ct
cui cng trong 1 page, i vi 1 chip KS0108), Ys v 0.
- Read Display Data c d liu hin th t GLCD (cng l d liu t RAM ca KS0108): lnh
c ny mi so vi Text LCD, n cho php chng ta c ngc 1 byte d liu t RAM ca KS0108 ti
v tr hin hnh v AVR. Sau khi c c gi tr ti v tr hin hnh, chng ta c th thc hin cc
php Logic nh o bit, or hay andlm tng kh nng thao tc hnh nh. Trc khi thc hin c
chng ta cn di chuyn n v tr mun c bng 2 lnh set a ch X v Y, sau khi c gi tr a ch
page X v ct Y khng thay i, do nu c tip m khng di chuyn a ch th vn thu c gi
tr c.
Trnh t giao tip
So vi Text LCD th vic giao tip vi GLCD d hn nhiu v GLCD c t Instruction hn, GLCD
ch c mt loi b nh l RAM tng ng trc tip vi mn hnh hin th, GLCD khng c cursor nn
khng cn set cursor, GLCD ch h tr giao tip 8 bit nn khng cn bn tm chn mode, qu trnh
khi ng cho GLCD v th rt n gin bng cch gi lnh DISPLAY ON/OFF. Trong hnh 5 ti
trnh by qu trnh khi ng v s dng GLCD.
12
3.2.1
Mode hin th gi
//Bt u mode hin th bng 1 vng lp thi gian
for (thoigian = 0; thoigian <43200; thoigian++)
{
//Chuyen mode
// Dong nay dung de xoa trang man hinh
13
//Chuyen mode
SW3 = 0;
//Chuong bao = 0
");
//Chuyen mode
------------------------------------------------------------
3.2.2
Mode chnh gi
while (count == 1) {
if (SW0 == 0)
count=2;
// chuyen mode
");
count=2;
// chuyen mode
if (vitriThang == 0)
ShowChar (2, vitriNgay, '*');
else if (vitriNgay == 0)
ShowChar (0, vitriThang, '*');
if (SW0 == 0) count=2;
14
// chuyen mode
// dk cho dong ho the thao
count=2;
delay(20);
thoigian++;
if (tt == 1) dhtt = dhtt + 100;
}// End of mode Hn gi
if (thoigian/60 == hengio/60)
Buzz();
------------------------------------------------------------
3.2.3
Mode hn gi
16
// Trong mode ny ta dng bin hengio l bin thi gian chnh hin th, khng phi bin thoigian
while (count == 2) {
delay(30);
if (SW0==0) count = 3;
ShowString(0, 0, "
//Chuyen mode
");
//Chuyen mode
//Chuyen mode
if (RESET == 0) {
if (vitriNgay == 6) {
hengio = hengio + 3600;
if (hengio >= 43200) {
hengio = hengio - 43200;
mmm1 = (mmm1+1)%2;
if (mmm1 == 0) ShowString (3, 14, "AM");
else ShowString (3, 14, "PM");
ShowChar(3, 5, '0' + (hengio/36000));
ShowChar(3, 6, '0' + (hengio/3600)%10);
ShowChar(3, 8, '0' + ((hengio/60)%60)/10);
ShowChar(3, 9, '0' + ((hengio/60)%60)%10);}
}
else if (vitriNgay == 9) {
hengio = hengio + 60;
if (hengio >= 43200) {
hengio = hengio - 43200;
mmm1 = (mmm1+1)%2;
if (mmm1 == 0) ShowString (3, 14, "AM");
else ShowString (3, 14, "PM");
ShowChar(3, 5, '0' + (hengio/36000));
ShowChar(3, 6, '0' + (hengio/3600)%10);
ShowChar(3, 8, '0' + ((hengio/60)%60)/10);
ShowChar(3, 9, '0' + ((hengio/60)%60)%10);}
}
}
17
//Chuyen mode
delay(20);thoigian++;
}// End of mode Hn gi
if (thoigian/60 == hengio/60)
Buzz();
3.2.4
Mode ng h th thao
ho
if (SW0==0) count = 0;
if (RESET == 0) dhtt = 0;
ShowString (0, 0, "
");
ShowString (2, 0, "
");
ShowString (0, 0, "Dong Ho The Thao");
ShowChar (3, 5, '0' + dhtt/60000);
ShowChar (3, 6, '0' + (dhtt/6000)%10);
ShowChar (3, 8, '0' + ((dhtt%6000)/100)/10);
ShowChar (3, 9, '0' + ((dhtt%6000)/100)%10);
ShowChar (3, 11, '0' + (dhtt%100)/10);
ShowChar (3, 12, '0' + (dhtt%100)%10);
ShowString(3, 13," ");
if (START == 0) {tt = 1;aaa=150;}
// bat dau chay dong ho
if (SW0==0) count = 0;
// Chuyen mode
if (START == 0) {tt = 1;aaa=150;}
if (RESET == 0) dhtt = 0;
//maximum time = 10
phut
ShowChar (3, 5, '0' + dhtt/60000);
ShowChar (3, 6, '0' + (dhtt/6000)%10);
ShowChar (3, 8, '0' + ((dhtt%6000)/100)/10);
ShowChar (3, 9, '0' + ((dhtt%6000)/100)%10);
ShowChar (3, 11, '0' + (dhtt%100)/10);
ShowChar (3, 12, '0' + (dhtt%100)%10);
18
//--------------------------------------delay(1);
if (aaa!=0) aaa--;
if (dhtt%6 == 0) dhtt++;
//------------------------------------------if(dhtt%100==0)thoigian++;
if (RESET == 0) {dhtt = 0;}
if(aaa==0){
if (START == 0) {tt = 0;
break;} }
}
if (SW0==0) count = 0;
delay(88);thoigian++;
if (RESET == 0) dhtt = 0;
if (START == 0) {tt = 1;aaa=150; }
if (thoigian/60 == hengio/60) { // Luon check do hen gio ngay tai bat cu mode nao
Buzz();
}
}
4. KT LUN
4.1 H thng t c nhng yu cu ca bi a ra
Hin th thnh cng trn GLCD
Chc nng hin th ngy thng, gi, pht, giy
Chc nng hn gi, bo chung khi ti gi hn
Chc nng chnh gi
Chc nng bm gi th thao
4.2 Nhng iu cha hon thin
Cc nt bm i khi cn cha nhy
Cha ch nhiu ti kiu dng cng nh trang tr
S dng thm 1 nt chuyn cc mode trong khi thc t ch c 2 nt
19