TUYN TP 100 BI TP HA

HAY V KH
Tp 1: HA V C


5/14/2013
GSTT GROUP


Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
LI NI U

Cc em thn mn,
Th l ch cn 1,5 thng na k thi i hc s chnh thc din ra. y l mt trong nhng giai on v cng
kh khn i vi cc em. Cc anh ch GSTT cng ang chun b n thi cui k. Tuy nhin so vi cc em, s
cng thng v p lc s khng th bng c. Giai on ny, chng ta cn phi cht chiu trit thi gian
c th tp trung nhiu nht cho vic hc. Vy nn, gip cc em c th chun b tt nht cho k thi quan
trng ca cuc i ny, anh ch s ln k hoch gip cc em tit kim thi gian trong vic lc cc bi tp hay
v kh rn gia thm. Vic tip cn vi nhng bi tp ny s gip cc em c s nhanh nhy trong x l cc
bi tp phc tp. Chui tuyn tp bi tp hay v kh bao gm cc ti liu sau:
1. Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh (2 tp) ( ra mt tp 1- v c)
2. Tuyn tp 200 cu hi l thuyt ha hay v kh (2 tp) (d kin ra mt 20/05)
3. Tuyn tp 500 bi ton in hnh trong thi i hc (10 tp) (d kin ra mt tp 1,2 25/05)
4. Tuyn tp 123 bi tp vt l hay v kh (d kin ra mt 16/05)
Do bin son trong thi gian gp rt nn khng th trnh khi sai st. Mong cc em thng cm v gi nhng
gp v cho anh ch qua hm th: gstt.vn@gmail.com. Ngoi ra, nhng vn lin quan ti kin thc cc em
c th gi ln h thng website v fan page ca GSTT GROUP. Anh ch s c gng tr li mi thc mc ca
cc em. C th nh sau:
1. Website: http://gstt.vn/diendan/forum.php
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Anh ch mong rng, cht vic lm nho nh ny s gip cc em c s chun b tt hn trong k thi.
Chc cc em mi iu tt p v mong sm nhn c tin vui t cc em!
Thn i,

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
PHN 1: BI


Cu 1: Hn hp X gm Al, Fe2O3 c khi lng 21,67 gam. Tin h{nh phn ng nhit nhm hn hp X
trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Ha tan ho{n to{n hn hp cht rn sau phn ng bng dung dch
NaOH d thu c 2,016 lt H2 (ktc) v{ 12,4 gam cht rn khng tan. Hiu sut ca phn ng nhit
nhm l:
A. 80% B. 75% C. 60% D. 71,43%
Cu 2: Hn hp X gm Al, FexOy. Tin h{nh phn ng nhit nhm ho{n to{n m gam hn hp X trong iu
kin khng c khng kh thu c hn hp Y. Chia Y th{nh 2 phn.
Phn 1 cho t|c dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 1,008 lt H2 (ktc) v{ cn li 5,04g cht rn khng
tan.
Phn 2 c khi lng 29,79gam, cho t|c dng vi dung dch HNO3 lo~ng d thu c 8,064 lt NO (ktc,
l{ sn phm kh duy nht). Gi| tr ca m v{ cng thc ca oxit st l{:
A. 39,72 gam v FeO B. 39,72 gam v Fe3O4
C. 38,91 gam v FeO D. 36,48 gam v Fe3O4
Cu 3: Hp th hon ton V lt CO2 t vo l un h NOH M th thu n h Cho
t t v hu u l un h HCl M vo thu un h v lt h t Cho t
n vi COH2 xut hin t t nh
A. 1M. B. 1,5M. C. 0,75M. D. 2M.
Cu 4: Ha tan ho{n to{n 31,25 gam hn hp X gm Mg, Al v{ Zn trong dung dch HNO3, sau phn ng ho{n to{n
thu c dung dch Y v{ hn hp gm 0,1 mol N2O v{ 0,1 mol NO. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 157,05
gam hn hp mui. Vy s mol HNO3 ~ b kh trong phn ng trn l{:
A. 0,45 mol B. 0,5 mol C. 0,30 mol D. 0,40 mol
Cu 5: Ha tan 15,84 gam hn hp gm mt oxit kim loi kim v{ mt oxit kim loi kim th bng dung
dch HCl d c dung dch X. C cn dung dch X, ly mui khan em in ph}n nng chy ho{n to{n
th thu c 6,048 lt kh (o ktc) anot v{ a (gam) hn hp kim loi catot. Gi| tr ca a l{:
A. 7,2. B. 11,52. C. 3,33. D. 13,68.
Cu 6: Chi 68 hn hp L FeO Fe3O4, Fe2O3 thnh hi phn bn nhu Cho phn th nht
t n ht vi un h HCl ui hn Phn th hi t n v vi un
h M l hn hp HCl H2SO4 lon thu 679 ui hn S ol HCl tron un h M l
A. 1,75 mol B. 1,50 mol C. 1,80 mol D. 1,00 mol
Cu 7: L K ho t n vi l un h HNO3 thu un h M v thot r 6 lt
hn hp N t h v Cho th vo M un h KOH th th thot r lt h
it rn qu trnh h HNO3 h to t sn ph u nht nh
A. 3,12 gam. B. 7,8 gam. C. 12,48 gam. D. 6,63 gam.
Cu 8: Cho 12,25 gam KClO3 v{o dung dch HCl c d, kh Cl2 tho|t ra cho t|c dng ht vi kim loi M
thu c 38,10 gam hn hp cht rn X. Cho X v{o dung dch AgNO3 d, thu c 118,5 gam kt ta. C|c
phn ng u xy ra ho{n to{n. Vy kim loi M l{:
A. Zn B. Mg C. Fe D. Cu
Cu 9:Cho 100ml dung dch cha NaOH 1M, KOH 1M v{ Ba(OH)21,2M v{o 100ml dung dch AlCl3 xM th
thu c 9,36 gam kt ta. Vy nu cho 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1,2M v{o 100 ml dung dch AlCl3 xM th
khi lng kt ta thu c v{ gi| tr ca x l{ (bit c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n)
A. 11,70 gam v 1,6. B. 9,36 gam v 2,4. C. 6,24 gam v 1,4. D. 7,80 gam v 1,0.
Cu 10: X l{ dung dch AlCl3, Y l dung dch NaOH 2M. Thm 150 ml dung dch Y v{o cc cha 100ml
dung dch X, khuy u n phn ng ho{n to{n thy trong cc c 7,8 gam kt ta. Thm tip v{o cc
100 ml dung dch Y, khuy u n phn ng ho{n to{n thy trong cc c 10,92 gam kt ta. Nng
mol/l ca dung dch X bng
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
A. 3,2 M. B. 2,0 M. C. 1,6 M. D. 1,0 M.
Cu 11: Cho 8,4 gam Fe vo dung dch HNO

long. Sau khi phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n thu c 2,688

lt NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v{ dung dch X. Khi lng FeNO

trong dung dch X l :

A. 14,52 gam B. 36,3 gam C. 16,2 gam D. 30,72 gam
Cu 12: Cho t t 100 ml dung dch HCl 1,5M vo 0,4 lt dung dch X gm N

CO

v KHCO

thu c
1,008 lt CO

(ktc) v{ dung dch Y. Thm dung dch OH

d v{o dung dch Y thu c 29,55 gam

kt ta. Nng mol/lit ca N

CO

v KHCO

trong dung dch X ln lt l

A. 0,0375 v 0,05 B. 0,2625 v 0,225 C. 0,1125 v 0,225 D.0,2625 v 0,1225
Cu 13:Nhng thanh Mg v{o dung dch cha 0,1 mol mui sunphat ca mt kim loi M, sau phn ng
ho{n to{n ly thanh Mg ra thy khi lng thanh Mg tng 4,0 gam. C bao nhiu mui tho m~n?
A. 2 B. 0 C. 3 D. 1
Cu 14: C 500 ml dung dch X cha Na
+
, NH

, CO

v SO

. Ly 100 ml dung dch X t|c dng vi lng

d dung dch HCl thu c 2,24 lt kh. Ly 100 ml dung dch X cho t|c dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl2
thu c 43 gam kt ta. Ly 200 ml dung dch X t|c dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH thu c 8,96 lt
kh NH3. C|c phn ng ho{n to{n, c|c th tch kh u o ktc. Tnh tng khi lng mui c trong 300 ml
dung dch X ?
A. 23,8 gam. B. 86,2 gam. C. 71,4 gam. D. 119 gam.
Cu 15: Cho Cu (d) t|c dng vi dung dch Fe(NO3)3 c dung dch X. Cho AgNO3 d t|c dng vi X
c dung dch Y. Cho Fe (d) t|c dng vi Y c hn hp kim loi Z. S phng trnh phn ng xy ra
l?
A. 5. B. 6. C. 4. D. 7.
Cu 16: Ho a tan hoa n toa n ho n h p X go m 0,11 mol Al va 0,15 mol Cu va o dung dich HNO3 th thu c
1,568 lt (ktc) ho n h p Y go m 2 kh (trong o co 1 kh kho ng ma u ho a na u ngoa i kho ng kh) va dung
dich Z ch a 2 muoi. Xa c inh so mol HNO3 a tham gia pha n ng
A. 0,63 mol. B. 0,7 mol. C. 0,77 mol. D. 0,76 mol.
Cu 17: Cho 3,76 gam hn hp X gm Mg v{ MgO c t l mol tng ng l{ 14:1 t|c dng ht vi dung
dch HNO3 th thu c 0,448 lt mt kh duy nht (o ktc) v{ dung dch Y. C cn cn thn dung dch
Y thu c 23 gam cht rn khan T. X|c nh s mol HNO3 ~ phn ng.
A. 0,28 B. 0,36 C. 0,32 D. 0,34
Cu 18: phn ng ht a mol kim loi M cn 1,25a mol H2SO4 v sinh ra kh X (sn phm kh duy
nht). Ha tan ht 19,2 gam kim loi M v{o dung dch H2SO4 to ra 4,48 lt kh X (sn phm kh duy
nht, ktc). Kim loi M l{:
A. Fe. B. Cu. C. Mg. D. Al.
Cu 19: Hn hp X gm: Fe2O3, Cr2O3, Al2O3. Cho 20,7 gam X v{o dung dch NaOH c (d), sau khi kt
thc phn ng thu c 8 gam cht rn. Mt kh|c kh ho{n to{n 20,7 gam X cn 5,4 gam Al. Khi
lng Cr2O3 trong 20,7 gam X l?
A. 11,4 gam. B. 15,2 gam. C. 7,6 gam. D. 2,28 gam.
Cu 20: Cho m gam hn hp B gm CuO, Na2O, Al2O3 ho{ tan ht v{o nc thu c 400ml dung dch D
ch cha mt cht tan duy nht c nng 0,5M v{ cht rn G ch gm mt cht. Lc t|ch G, cho lung
kh H2 d qua G nung nng thu c cht rn F. Ho{ tan ht F trong dung dch HNO3 thu c 0,448 lt
(ktc) hn hp kh gm NO2 v{ NO c t khi so vi oxi bng 1,0625. Bit c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n.
Tnh m.
A. 18g B. 26g C. 34,8g D. 18,4g
Cu 21: in ph}n 100 ml dung dch cha hn hp CuSO4 0,1M v NaCl 0,1 M trong bnh in ph}n c
m{ng ngn vi hai in cc tr, cng dng in bng 0,5A. Sau mt thi gian, thu c dung dch
c pH=2 ( gi s th tch dung dch khng i. Thi gian ( gi}y) in ph}n v{ khi lng ( gam) Cu thu
c catot ln lt l
A. 1930 v 0,176 B. 2123 v 0,352 C. 1737 v 0,176 D. 1939 v 0,352
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Cu 22: Ha tan ht hn hp A gm x mol Fe v{ y mol Ag bng dung dch hn hp HNO3 v H2SO4, c
0,062 mol kh NO v 0,047 mol SO2 tho|t ra. em c cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c 22,164
gam hn hp c|c `mui khan (khng c mui amoni). Tr s ca x v{ y l{:
A. x = 0,12; y = 0,02 B. x = 0,08; y = 0,03 C. x = 0,07; y = 0,02 D. x = 0,09; y = 0,01
Cu 23: Cho m gam hn hp gm Fe v{ Cu t|c dng vi dung dch HNO3 sau khi phn ng kt thc th
ch thu c 4,48 lt hn hp kh NO, NO2 l{ 2 sn phm kh (ktc) v{ cn li 13,2 gam rn gm 2 kim
loi. Gi| tr ca m l{
A. 17,12 gam B. 24,96 gam C. 30 gam D. 16 gam
Cu 24: Cho 200 ml dung dch X gm OH

M v NlO

(hay NlOH

M. Thm t t
dung dch H

SO

M vo dung dch X cho n khi kt ta tan tr li 1 phn, thu c kt ta Y. em

nung kt ta Y n{y n khi lng khng i thu c 24,32 gam cht rn Z. Th tch dung dch
H

SO

M ~ dng l{
A. 1,1 lt. B. 0,67 lt. C. 0,55 lt. D. 1,34 lt.
Cu 25: Cho 6,9 gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc (Y v Z) tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,68 lt
H2(ktc). Cn khi oxi ho 6,9 gam hn hp X bi CuO d, nung nng thu c hn hp T gm 2 sn
phm hu c tng ng vi Y v Z. Cho T tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu
c 43,2 gam Ag. Cng thc hai ancol trong axit l:
A. CH3CH2OH v CH3CH2CH3OH B. CH3OH v CH3CH(OH)CH3
C. CH3OH v CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH D. CH3OH v CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
Cu 26: Mt loi kh than cha ng thi N2, CO v H2. t ch|y 4,48 lt (ktc) hn hp kh ny bng
lng O2 va ri dn sn phm ch|y v{o nc vi trong (d) thy tch ra 10 gam kt ta, thu c
dung dch X v c 0,56 lt N2(ktc) tho|t ra. Khi lng dung dch X thay i so vi khi lng dung dch
nc vi trong ban u l
A. gim 8,65 gam B. gim 4,25 gam C. tng 6 gam D. tng 7,25 gam
Cu 27: Cho 100ml dung dch H

PO

1M tc dng vi 21,875 mol dung dch NaOH 25% (d = 1,28

gam/ml) sau em lo~ng bng nc ct thu c 250 ml dung dch X. Hi trong X c nhng hp cht
no ca photpho v{ nng mol bao nhiu (b qua s thy phn ca cc mui)?
N

PO

M C.NH

PO

M
NH

PO

M v N

HPO

M D.N

HPO

M v N

PO

Cu 28: Cho 13,12 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 vo dung dch HNO3 lo~ng, d thu c sn
phm kh gm hai kh NO, N2O c th tch V lt (ktc) v{ c t khi so vi H2 l 18,5. Mt khc nu cho
cng lng X trn tc dng vi CO d th sau khi phn ng ho{n to{n thu c 9,8 gam Fe. Gi tr V l
A. 3,136. B. 3,36. C. 2,24. D. 0,448.
Cu 29: Tin h{nh chun 100ml dung dch HCl 0,100M bng dung dch NaOH 0,100M. Khi thm
99,9ml v{ 100,1ml dung dch NaOH va o dung dich HCl th o che nh le ch gia tri pH ta i 2 th i iem cuoi la
A. 2,0 B. 5,4 C. 4,3 D. 9,7
Cu 30: Khi in ph}n dung dch hn hp MgCl2, FeCl3, CuCl2 th th t b kh ti catt l{?
A. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
, Mg
2+
B. Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, Mg
2+
, H2O
C. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
, H2O D. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Mg
2+
, H2O
Cu 31: Trong bnh kn cha 0,5 mol CO v{ m gam Fe3O4. un nng bnh cho ti khi phn ng xy ra ho{n
to{n thy kh trong bnh c t khi so vi kh CO lc u l{ 1,457. Gi| tr ca m l{?
A. 21,5. B. 23,2. C. 16,8. D. 22,8.
Cu 32: Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm cc kim loi Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag vo dung dch HNO3 long
(d), thu c dung dch X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c kt ta Y. em Y t|c
dng vi dung dch NH3 (d), n phn ng ho{n to{n thu c kt ta Z. S hiroxit c trong Y v{ Z ln
lt l
A. 7; 4. B. 3; 2. C. 5; 2. D. 4; 2.
Cu 33: Cho 0,5 mol Mg v 0,2 mol Mg(NO3)2 vo bnh kn khng c oxi ri nung nhit cao n
phn ng ho{n to{n thu c hn hp cht rn X. Hn hp cht rn X tc dng vi nhiu nht 500 ml
dung dch Fe(NO3)3 c nng aM. Gi tr ca a l
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
A. 0,667. B. 2. C. 0,4. D. 1,2.
Cu 34: Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm (trong iu kin khng c khng kh, hiu sut 100%) vi 9,66
gam hn hp X gm Al v{ mt oxit st, thu c hn hp rn Y. Ha tan Y bng dung dch NaOH d, sau
khi c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n thu c dung dch Z, cht khng tan T v{ 0,03 mol kh. Sc CO2 n
d v{o dung dch Z, lc ly kt ta nung n khi lng khng i c 5,1 gam mt cht rn. Cng thc
ca oxit st v{ khi lng ca n trong hn hp X trn l{
A. FeO v 7,20 gam. B. Fe3O4 v 6,96 gam. C. Fe3O4 v 2,76 gam. D. Fe2O3 v 8,00 gam.
Cu 35: Hn hp X gm Al, Cr v Na. Chia 16 gam X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tc dng vi nc
d, sau khi c|c phn ng xy ra hon ton, sinh ra 4,48 lt H

(ktc). Cho phn 2 phn ng vi dung dch

NaOH lo~ng d, kt thc cc phn ng thu c 6,16 lt H

(ktc). Khi lng ca Cr c trong 16 gam X

l
A. 1,65 gam. B. 3,30 gam. C. 5,20 gam. D. 2,60 gam.
Cu 36: Ha tan 51,1 gam hn hp X gm NaCl v CuSO

v{o nc c dung dch Y. in phn dung

dch Y vi in tr m{ng ngn xp n khi nc bt u b in phn 2 in cc th dng li, th th
tch kh anot sinh ra gp 1,5 ln th tch kh sinh ra catot (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit ,
p sut). Phn trm khi lng ca CuSO

trong hn hp X l
A. 94,25%. B. 73,22%. C. 68,69%. D. 31,31%.
Cu 37: Ly 19,2 gam Cu v m gam Fe(NO3)2 cho vo 2 lt dung dch H2SO4 long aM khuy u thy to
ra sn phm kh NO duy nht v dung dch X ch cha 2 mui. X|c nh m v a?
A. 18 gam v 0,2 M. B. 18 gam va 0,2M hoa c 21,6 gam va 0,24M.
C. 21,6 gam v 0,24M. D. 18 gam v 0,24M hoc 27 gam v 0,28M.
Cu 38: Chia 14,8 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Cu thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tc dng vi dung dch
H

SO

lo~ng d, kt thc phn ng thu c 1,68 lt H

(ktc). Cho phn 2 vo 350 ml dung dch NO

1M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton sinh ra m gam kim loi. Gi tr ca m l
A. 37,8. B. 27,0 C. 35,1. D. 21,6.
Cu 39: Dung dch cha cc ion Na
+
, Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, H
+
, Cl

. Phi dng dung dch cht n{o sau }y

loi b ht cc ion Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, H
+
ra khi dung dch ban u?
A. Na2SO4. B. K2CO3. C. NaOH. D. AgNO3.
Cu 40. Hn hp bt X gm CO

FeOH

lOH

CuO MCO

. Nung X trong khng kh n khi

lng khng i c hn hp rn

Cho

v{o nc d khuy u c dung dch B cha 2 cht tan

v{ phn khng tan C

. Cho kh CO d qua bnh cha C

nung nng c hn hp rn E (Cho c|c phn

ng xy ra ho{n to{n). E cha ti a:
A. 2 n cht v{ 2 hp cht B. 1 n cht v{ 2 hp cht.
C. 2 n cht v{ 1 hp cht D. 3 n cht
Cu 41: Mt bnh kn dung tch 22,4 lt cha y hn hp kh gm N

v H

( ktc),c t khi so vi H2
l{ 3,6. Trong bnh cha sn cht xc t|c (th tch chim khng |ng k), un nng bnh mt thi gian ri
a v nhit ban u th |p sut trong bnh khi ch bng 80% |p sut ban u. Hiu sut ca phn
ng tng hp NH

l:
A. 40% B. 65% C. 50% . D. 80%.
Cu 42: Cho phng trnh phn ng: Mg + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + NO + N2O + H2O. T khi ca hn hp NO
v N2O i vi H2 l 19,2. T l s phn t b kh v b oxi ha trong phn ng trn l:
A. 8 : 15 B. 6 : 11 C. 11 : 28 D. 38 : 15
Cu 43: Nung nng AgNO3 c cht rn X v{ kh Y. Dn kh Y v{o cc nc c dung dch Z. Cho to{n
b X v{o Z thy X tan mt phn v{ tho|t ra kh NO duy nht. Gi thit c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n.
Phn trm khi lng ca X khng tan trong Z l{
A. 25%. B. 30%. C. 20%. D. 40%.
Cu 44: Ho{ tan ht m gam l

SO

v{o nc c dung dch X. Cho 360 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v{o

X, thu c 2a gam kt ta. Mc kh|c, nu cho 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v{o X th thu c a gam kt
ta. C|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n, gi| tr ca m l{:
A. 20,520. B. 19,665 C. 15,390. D. 18,810.
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Cu 45: Mt hn hp X c khi lng m gam gm Ba v{ Al. Cho m gam X t|c dng vi nc d, thu
c 8,96 lt kh H2. Cho m gam X t|c dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 22,4 lt kh H2 (c|c phn
ng u xy ra ho{n to{n, c|c th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun). m c gi| tr l{
A. 16,8 gam. B. 27,2 gam. C. 24,6 gam. D. 29,9 gam.


Cu 46: C cc bnh mt nh~n cha c|c kh sau: CO2, SO2, C2H4, C2H2, SO3. H~y cho bit c th s dng
d~y c|c thuc th n{o nhn bit c|c kh :
A. dd Na0H, dd H2SO4, dd Ca(OH)2 v AgNO3/NH3
B. dd HCl, dd Na2SO4, nc brom v{ AgNO3 /NH3
C. dd Ba(OH)2, dd Na2SO4, nc brom v AgNO3 /NH3
D. dd Ba(OH)2, dd H2SO4, nc brom v{ AgNO3 /NH3
Cu 47: Nung mt lng mui CuNO

sau mt thi gian dng li ,thy khi lng gim i 5,4gam.

Kh tho|t ra hp th ho{n to{n v{o 100ml H
2
O thu c dung dch X (th tch coi nh khng i). Nng
mol/l ca dd X l{:
A. 0,5mol/l B. 1mol/l C. 2 mol/l D. 0,1mol/l
Cu 48: Nung hn hp X gm m gam Al v 15,2 gam Cr

trong iu kin khng c khng kh, phn

ng ho{n to{n thu c 23,3 gam cht rn Y. Dng dung dch HCl d (khng c mt oxi) ha tan hon
ton cht rn Y to ra V lt kh ktc. Gi| tr ca V l:
A. 4,48 lt B. 3,36 lt C. 7,84 lt D. 10,08 lt
Cu 49: Nung nng m gam hn hp gm Al v{ Fe

trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sauk hi phn

ng xy ra ho{n to{n, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X t|c dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) thu c dung
dch Y, cht rn Z v{ 3,36 lt kh H

( ktc). Sc kh CO

(d) v{o dung dch Y, thu c 39 gam kt ta.

Gi| tr ca m l{
A. 48,3. B. 57,0. C. 45,6. D. 36,7.
Cu 50: Nh t t 3V1 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 (dung dch X) v{o V1 ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 (dung dch Y)
th phn ng va v{ ta thu c kt ta ln nht l{ m gam. Nu trn V2 ml dung dch X trn v{o V1
ml dung dch Y th kt ta thu c c khi lng bng 0,9m gam. T l V2 / V1 l
A. V2 / V1 = 2,7 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,55. B. V2 / V1 = 1,7 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,75.
C. V2 / V1 = 2,5 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,25. D. V2 / V1 = 2,5 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,55.

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

PHN 2: LI GII CHI TIT


Cu 1: |p |n B
2Al + Fe2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe.
Mol: 2z z z 2z.
Gi x, y l s mol Al, Fe2O3 ban u v z l s mol Fe2O3 phn ng
27x + 160y = 21,67(g) (1)
Sau phn ng: Al (d): x-2z mol; y-z mol Fe2O3 v 2z mol Fe; z mol Al2O3.
n
Al
(d)
2
2
= n
H
3
x - 2z = 0,06 (2).
mrn =
2 3
m +m
Fe Fe O
(d) 160(y-z) + 56.2z = 12,4 160y - 48z = 12,4 (3).
T (1),(2),(3) x 7ol
Hiu sut:
0, 075
H%= .100%=75%
0,1
(hiu sut tnh theo Fe2O3).
Cu 2: |p |n B
Ta thy: khi phn ng nhit nhm, sn phm to thnh c cha Al (theo phn 1: Y phn ng vi
NaOH to kh) m phn ng xy ra hon ton nn Fe

ht su r Fe l v l

+) Phn 1: Cho Y tc dng vi NaOH th Fe khng tan, Al v l

tan
l NOH H

O NlO

NOH NlO

nn n

9 ol n

+) Phn 2: n

6 ol n

6 8 ol
Nn n

nn t n

x v n

x theo bo ton ol eletron

n

n

x x x x

9 (mol)
Nn phn 2 c 9 ol l v 7 ol Fe

979

o n

ol n

6
V n

7 6 nn oxit st l Fe

Ta thy s mol Al phn 2 gp 3 ln s mol Al phn 1 nn

97
Cu 3: p n D
Ta c CT 2 mui sunfat l:
2 4
M SO V
4
NSO
Gi cng thc chung 2 mui l
4
XSO :
4 2 4 2
XSO +BaCl BaSO +XCl
2-
4
4 4
BaSO
SO trong mu
N = N = N = 0,1
XSO
mol
4
XSO
M =
12
120
0,1
=
Suy ra X= 24 v M,N thuc 2 chu k lin tip. Ta xt 2 trng hp:
TH 1: Chn M >12 (V trong cng thc mui l
2 4
M SO . Th N < 24. M N < 24 th ch c th l Be
M l Na
TH 2: Chn M < 12 th N bt buc > 24 . M M < 12 th ch c th l Li
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
N l Mg (loi) v
Mg
M = 24
Vy ch c trng hp 1 l tha mn.
Ch : Vi nhng bi ton bt tm nhiu cht vi nhiu phn ng th chng ta nn quy v 1 cht trung
bnh bi ton ngn gn hn
Cu 4: |p |n D
+) Trng hp 1: Sn phm kh ch c NO v N2O
-S mol NO

trong mui:
mmui = mkim loi +

= 31,25 + 1,1.62 = 99,45 (g) < 157,05(g) loi.

+) Trng hp 2: Phn ng sinh ra mui NH4NO3: x mol
S mol NO

trong mui kim loi:

mmui = mkim loi + + = 31.25 + (1,1 + 8x).62 + 80x = 157,05 x = 0,1 (mol)
S mol HNO3 b kh bng: (mol)
Cu 5: |p |n B
Cl

Cl

Theo nh lut bo to{n in tch:

(g).
Cu 6: p n C
th t O th Cl
M 6
68

V n

M
8 ol
o

x 96 679 v x 8 x 8
Cu 7: |p |n D
Gi x v y ln lt s mol K phn ng vi
3
HNO .v
2
H O. K phn ng vi
3
HNO to sn phm
kh duy nht l{
4 3
NH NO v hn hp kh N gm 2 kh:
3
NH v
2
H . PTHH:
3 3 4 3 2
8K+10HNO 8KNO + NH NO +3H O.
x x / 8

2 2
1
K + H O KOH+ H
2
y
2
y

4 3 3 3 2
KOH+ NH NO KNO + NH + H O
yy y

V khi cho thm vo M dung dch KOH d th thy thot ra 0,01 mol
3
NH trong M c
4 3
NH NO
:
4 3 3 3 2
KOH+ NH NO KNO + NH + H O
0, 01 0, 01

S mol hn hp kh N l :
y 0, 336
y + = = 0, 015mol y = 0, 01mol
2 22, 4
.
4 3
NH NO
n sinh ra do K phn ng vi
3
HNO l :

6mol.


6 9 66
Cu 8: |p |n C
KClO3 + 6HCl KCl + 3Cl2 + H2O
-
2
3
n = 8n +3n =1.1(mol)
N O NO
NO

-
2 4 3
3
n = 8n +3n +8n =1,1+8x(mol)
N O NO NH NO
NO
-
NO
3
m
4 3
NH NO
m
3 2 4 3
HNO N O NO NH NO
n = 2n +n +n = 0, 4
2-
2
n = n = 0, 27(mol) m = m +m m = m - m =15,84- 0, 27.16 =11,52
Cl oxit kl O kl oxit O
O

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Mol: 0,1 0,3
M tc dng vi Cl

to ra hn hp X nn X gm mui (ha tr cao nht) ca MX v kim loi M d.

n

ol n

6 ol

86
Suy ra kt ta cha Ag,

ol
n

n

9 ol

68
68
9
n M M
6

n n M 6 Fe
Cu 9: |p |n C
. V nn kt ta b ha tan mt phn.
p dng cng thc tnh nhanh:
3
NaOH
Al
n 0,2.1,2 0,24; n 0,16(mol)
+
= = =
.
.
Cu 10: |p |n C
*) Cch 1: Kt ta l{ lOH

3
3
+0,3 (mol) NaOH 0,1 (mol) Al(OH)
X
+0,5 (mol) NaOH 0,14 (mol) Al(OH)

OH

cn li trong qu| trnh 2 tn ti di dng Na[Al(OH)4].

o ton OH

ol
o ton nun t l n

6 ol
*) Cch 2: D thy qu| trnh 2 xy ra c 2 phng trnh sau:

3+ +
3
3 4
3NaOH+Al Al(OH) +3Na (1)
NaOH+Al(OH) Na[Al(OH) ] (2)

n

n

n


p dng v{o b{i to|n ta tnh c kt qu cn tm
Ch : Ngc li vi bi ton trn l bi ton cho

tc dng vi

. Cch lm hon ton

tng t ta c:

Cu 11. |p |n A
*) Cch 1: Fe

ol n

ol Fe li phn n Fe Fe

Fe

n

6 ol
*) Cch 2:
Khi cha bit Fe phn ng ht hay cn d, gi s sn phm to th{nh sau phn ng c c Fe
2+
v
Fe
3+

n

x ol n

ol (x hoc y c th bng 0 nu sn phm to ra ch c mt mui)

x
Bo to{n electron ta c n

x 6
x = 0,06 (mol); y = 0,09 (mol)
Ch : Khi gii bi ton trc nghim, c bit vi cc bi ton phc tp hn, kh xc nh c
phn ng l ht hay cn d ta nn s dng cch th 2.
Cu 12: |p |n B
n

ol n

ol n

ol
Dung dch Y ch c K
+
, Na
+
, HCO

,Cl
-
.
3
n = 0,12(mol)
Al(OH)
-
3
1
n < n
Al(OH)
OH 3
- 3+
3
n = 4n - n 0, 44 = 0, 4x- 0,12 x = 0, 4(M)
Al(OH)
OH Al

3+
3 3
1
n < 3n n = n = 0,08 m = 0,08.78 = 6, 24(g)
NaOH Al(OH) NaOH Al(OH)
Al 3

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Khi thm Ba(OH)2 d v{o dung dch Y: OH

HCO

CO

O
Sau :CO

CO

.
n

9
97
ol n

ol
(s dng bo to{n C, to{n b C trong dung dch Y chuyn v ht trong kt ta).
Ngoi ra do cn HCO

d trong Y nn HCl ht
n

ol
n

ol n

ol)
Ta p dng bo ton nguyn t C: n

n

n

n

9ol n

9 9ol .
Ch : Khi cho t t

vo dung dch hn hp gm c

th xy ra theo th t cc
phn ng sau:
(1)

(2)

Cu 13: |p |n A
}y l{ phn ng kim loi mnh y kim loi yu ra khi mui ca n.
Trong b{i n{y, Mg y M ra khi mui ca n, kim loi M tho|t ra b|m v{o thanh Mg l{m khi
lng thanh tng thm 4g.
Cng thc mui sunfat ca kim loi M c th c dng M

SO

ho MSO

+) Khi cng thc ca mui l MSO

th n

M 6 l Cu
+) Khi cng thc ca mui l{ M

SO

th n

C nM M

SO

nMSO

M Khi n

n

n
Do

n M

n {
M

6
n
M l Fe
Cu 14: |p |n C
+) 0,1 (lt) X + HCl d 0,1 mol kh CO2 2
3
CO
n = 0,1(mol)

+) 0,1 (lt) X + BaCl2 d 43 (g) kt ta gm BaCO3 v BaSO4
2 2
3 4
3 4
BaCO BaSO
CO SO
n =n =0,1(mol) n =0,1(mol)=n


+) 0,2 (lt) X + NaOH 0,4 mol NH3 +
4
NH
n = 0, 4(mol) trong 0,1(lt) X c
+
4
NH
n = 0, 2(mol)
Bo to{n in tch ta tnh c:
+
Na
n =0, 2(mol)
T tnh c tng khi lng mui bng tng khi lng cc ion.
Cu 15: |p |n A
C|c PT ion xy ra l{:
3+ 2+ 2+
Cu +2Fe Cu +2Fe

( ) 1

Trong X c
2+ 2+
Cu ; Fe

+ 2+ 3+
Ag +Fe Fe +Ag

( ) 2

Trong Y c
+ 3+ 2+
Ag ; Fe ;Cu
.
3+ 2+
Fe +2Fe 3Fe
( ) 3

2+ 2+
Fe +Cu Fe +Cu

( ) 4

+ 2+
Fe +2Ag Fe +2Ag
( ) 5

C tt c 5 phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
Ch :
+
Ag
c tnh oxi ho mnh hn
3+
Fe
nn Ag c th oxi ho c
2+
Fe
thnh
3+
Fe
nn ta c phn
ng
( ) 2
xy ra.
Cu 16: |p |n D
S mol hn hp kh Y l{ :
1, 568
= 0, 07mol
22, 4
. Qu| trnh nhng e :
0 3+
Al - 3e Al ;
0 2+
Cu - 2e Cu .
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
0,11 0,33 0,15 0,3
Tng s mol e nhng l{: 0.3 + 0,33= 0,63 mol.
p dng nh lut b{o to{n e: tng s mol e nhng = tng s mol e nhn n

6 ol Hn
hp kh Y c kh ho| n}u trong khng kh chnh l{ kh NO. S mol e nhn trung bnh ca hn hp kh
Y l :
0.63
0, 07
=9 e. M{ Y c kh NO nhn 3e th Y phi c kh nhn nhiu hn 9e chnh l{ kh
2
N . Qu
trnh nhn e l:
+5 +2
N - 3e N ;
+5 0
2
2N -10e N
3a a 10b b.
Gi s mol kh NO v{
2
N ln lt l{ a ,b
Ta c h PT:
a + b = 0, 07 a = 0, 01mol
3a +10b = 0, 63 b = 0, 06mol

p dng LBT nguyn t N. Ta c s mol
3
HNO phn ng l:
2
N Cu NO Al
3n +2n +n +2n = 0, 63+0, 01+0,12 = 0, 76 mol.

Cu 17: |p n B

M{ khi lng mui thu c sau phn ng = 23 (g)
c mui NH4NO3

Gi s e nhn to ra 1 ph}n t kh l{ x:
Bo to{n electron ta c:
Kh to th{nh l{ N2
Bo to{n nguyn t N ta c:
Ch : Vi cc bi ton cho kim loi c tnh kh mnh nh Mg, Al, Zn tc dng vi HNO3 ta cn ch
xem c to thnh mui NH4NO3 hay khng.
Cu 18: |p |n C
Phn ng vi a (mol) kim loi cn 1,25a (mol) H2SO4 }y l{ phn ng vi H2SO4 c nng v
nu kim loi phn ng vi H

bnh thng th s mol H2SO4 ch c th bng 1 hoc 1,5 ln s mol

kim loi (C|c cht trong |p |n) Kh X l SO2 hoc H2S
Gi s mol e nhng ca 1 nguyn t kim loi l{ x; kim loi l M mui to th{nh sau phn ng
l M2(SO4)x
TH1: X l SO2
o ton e t x n

n

Bo to{n nguyn t S ta c:
(loi)
TH2: X l H2S. L{m tng t ta c: (tha m~n)
Khi ho 9 i loi vo HSO n

n

8 M
Ch : Khi ta tm ra kh l H2S v kim loi l Mg l ng vi kin thc l thuyt. ra sn phm kh
l H2S, kim lai phi c tnh kh mnh. Cc kim loi trung bnh, yu ch ra sn phm l SO2
Cu 19: p n C
Mg MgO
n = 0,14(mol); n = 0, 01(mol)
3 2 3 2
Mg(NO ) Mg(NO )
=> n = 0,15(mol) m = 22, 2(g)
4 3 4 3
NH NO NH NO
m = 0,8(g) n = 0, 01(mol)
4 3
Mg NH NO -
2n = 8n + x.n 2.0,14 = 8.0, 01+0, 02.x x =10
3 2 3 2 4 3
HNO N Mg(NO ) NH NO
n = 2n +2n +2n = 0, 36(mol)
x 2 4 2 2 4
H SO SO M (SO )
a x.a
n = x.n +n 1, 25a = x. + x =1, 25
2 2

2
H S
x.a xa x.a
n = 1, 25a = + x = 2
8 2 8

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Khi cho hn hp X t|c dng vi dung dch NaOH c d th
2 3 2 3
Al O ;Cr O
l cc oxit lng tnh nn tan
trong dung dch NaOH c.Cn
2 3
Fe O
khng tan ,chnh l{ cht rn thu c sau phn ng:
2 3
Fe O
8
n = = 0, 05mol
160

Pthh :
2 3 2 3
2Al +Fe O 2Fe +Al O

0,1 0,05

2 3 2 3
2Al +Cr O 2Cr +Al O

0,1 0,05
Khi lng ca
2 3
Cr O
trong 20,7gam X l: 0,05. 152 =7,6 gam
Cu 20:|p |n D
V dung dch D ch cha mt cht tan duy nht v{ cht rn G ch gm mt cht nn dung dch D
cha NaAlO2 v{ G cha CuO.
Do n

i {
n

b
{
b
6 b

6
{

b

n

Vy

8
Cu 21: |p |n B
n

V dung dch thu c sau in phn c pH nn H

do n

C|c phng trnh in phn:
CuSO

NCl

Cu Cl

SO

Mol 0,005 0,01 0,005
CuSO

Cu

SO

Mol 0,0005 0,0005 0,0005
Do n

nn

6
n


t
96
t
96

s
Cu 22: |p |n D
Khi kim loi hoc hn hp kim loi phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng ta c s lng gc
SO

to mui vi kim loi tng ng vi cc sn phm kh nh sau:

- 1 mol SO2 tng ng vi 1 mol gc SO

to mui vi kim loi.

- 1 mol S tng ng vi 3 mol gc SO

to mui vi kim loi.

- 1 mol H2S tng ng vi 4 mol gc SO

to mui vi kim loi.

p dng iu ny v quy lut bi 6 ta c cch gii nh sau:
V n

n

nn x 6 7 8 (1)
S mol NO

v SO

to mui vi kim loi ln lt l 0,186 v 0,047

6
Do 6x 8 6 (2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra x 9 v
Cu 23: |p |n B
Do cn d kim loi nn ta coi ch c cc qu trnh:
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Fe

Fe

e
Cu

Cu

e
N

e N

e N

n

n


nn

6 88
n

n




6 6
Do 88

6
Cu 24: |p |n D
Lu l{ c hai loi kt ta c to ra, SO

v lOH

V kt ta ~ b tan mt phn nn
SO

to ra l ti a (axit d). n

Nung kt ta th ch lOH

(g)
nn n

ol n

ol M{ ban u ta c ol NlO

nn s mol mui
l

c to ra l: 8 ol
Bo ton nguyn t S:
n

67ol
V

l
Cu 25: |p |n D
n

7 ol n

ol
Phng trnh ha hc ca ancol n chc phn ng vi Na: OH N ON H

Do n

ol
Khi M

69

6
Do hn hp X phi c 1 ancol c khi lng mol nh hn 46, l{ CH

OH. Gi s Y l CH

OH
th ta cn tm cng thc ca ancol cn li l Z.
+) TH1: Ch c sn phm oxi ha ca CH

OH c phn ng tr|ng gng

Khi n

ol n

ol
M

69

7 l CH

CHOHCH

CH

+) TH2: Sn phm oxi ha ca 2 ancol u c phn ng tr|ng gng. Khi anehit tng ng
vi Z phn ng tr|ng gng theo t l 1:2
Gi s mol ca Y v Z ln lt l a v b
C {
b
b
{

b
M

69

(loi v khi lng mol ca ancol no, n chc lun l s chn)
Ch : Trong qu trnh lm trc nghim nhng bi tng t m khng c p n no bao gm 2
p n khc hoc 1 p n c 2 kt qu th khi xt TH1 c p n ng th ta dng li, kt lun lun
p n ng.
Cu 26: |p |n B
t chy 0,2 mol hn hp kh ban u bng oxi va thu c hn hp kh gm: CO

O v
N

trong CO

v H

O b hp th bi dung dch nc vi trong.

n

=0,1 mol; n

ol n

7
C

nn khi lng dung dch X gim 4,25g so vi khi lng dung

dch nc vi trong ban u
Cu 27: |p |n B
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
3 4
NaOH
H PO
n 0,175
1< 1, 75 < 2
n 0,1
= =
phn ng to ra 2 mui NaH2PO4 v Na2HPO4 vi s mol tng ng l{ x, y.
Bo to{n c|c nguyn t Na v{ P ta c:
{
x 7
x
{
x
7

Vy [NaH2PO4]=
0, 025
0,1
0, 25
=
(M) v [Na2HPO4]=
0, 075
0,3
0, 25
=
(M).
Cu 28: |p |n D
CO

98 Fe

98 n

7 ol.
M n

7 ol.
Fe cho 3e; O nhn 2e S mol e Fe cho NO N

O l: n

7 7 ol.
t n

Bo to{n mol electron x 8
S dng phng ph|p ng cho ta tnh c: x ol V 8 lit

Cu 29: |p |n C
n

ol.
+
H
n = 0, 01mol
TH 1: khi chun dung dch HCl bng 99,99 ml dung dch NaOH:
NaOH
n = 0,09999 0,1 =
3
9, 999 10

mol. Pthh:
2
NaOH+HCl NaCl +H O
S mol HCl d sau khi phn ng l: 0,01 -
3
9, 999 10

=
6
1 10

mol.
pH ca dung dch thu c l : - Log
6
1 10
0,1 0, 099

| |
|
+
\ .
~5,3.
TH 2: Khi chun dung dch HCl bng 100,1ml dung dch NaOH. Suy ra:
NaOH
n = 0,1001 0,1=
0,01001 mol.
Pthh:
2
NaOH+HCl NaCl +H O
S mol NaOH d sau khi phn ng l : 0,01001-0,01 =
5
1 10

mol.
PH ca dung dch thu c l: 14 - (-Log
5
1 10
0,1 0,1001

| |
|
+
\ .
) ~9,7 (v
2
TH c mi trng baz)
Vy chnh lch gi tr PH ta 2 thi im cui l : 9,7 -5,3 =4,4.
Cu 30: |p |n C
L thuyt : Quy tc in ph}n catt l{: nhng ion kim loi n{o c tnh oxi ho| c{ng mnh
Th s b in ph}n trc v{ c|c cation kim loi t Li Al th khng b in ph}n. Khi in ph}n dung
dch cha
2 3 2
MgCl ; FeCl ;CuCl th th t b kh ti catt l{:
3+ 2+ 2+
2
Fe ;Cu ; Fe ; H O.
Ch : Ring vi Fe th
3+
Fe b kh trc tin s to ra
2+
Fe .nhng v tnh oxh ca
2+ 2+
Cu > Fe nn
2+
Cu
s b kh trc.
Cu 31: |p |n B
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
S phn ng:
3 4 2
Fe O +4CO 3Fe +4CO (1)
0,1 0,4
Hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng gm c
2
CO v{ kh CO. Gi t l s mol ca
2
CO
v CO l a: b. Theo gt:
44a +28b
=1, 457. 28 = 40,8
a +b
a : b = 4 : 1. S mol ca
2
CO trong hn hp
kh l :
4
0, 5 0, 4
5
= mol. T ( ) 1 khi lng
3 4
Fe O l : 0,1 232 = 23,2g.
Cu 32: |p |n C
Cho cc kim loi vo HNO

to ra X l hn hp cc mui nitrat. Cho X tc dng vi NaOH d, v Al

v Zn l kim loi c tnh cht lng tnh nn to NlO

v N

nO

nn c 5 hiroxit trong Y. Y
tc dng vi NH

d th CuOH

v NiOH

OH to phc tan, ch cn MOH

v FeOH

Cu 33: |p |n D
CaCO3 + 2HNO3 Ca(NO3)2 + H2O + CO2
x x
3FeCO3 + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 3CO2 + 5H2O
y y/3 y
Hn hp kh cha x ol CO

v ol NO
Theo bi ra ta c:
3
y
44(x+ y) +30.
y 3x
3
= 2.20, 6 y = 3x %n = = = 75%
FeCO
y
x+ y x+3x
x+ y+
3

Cu 34: |p |n B
l Fe

xFe
Y + NaOH cho H2 suy ra Y cha Al d, Fe, v{ Al2O3 (v phn ng xy ra hon ton)
Y + NaOH: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 ; Al2O3 + 2NaOH 2NaAlO2 + H2O
heo phn trnh h h n

ol
Dung dch Z gm NaOH d v{ NaAlO2
Dung dch Z + CO2: NaAlO2 + CO2 + H2O Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3.
2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3H2O (2)
n

n

ol

966 7 696
Da v{o c|c phng |n tr li ta c |p |n B tha mn
Ch : tm oxit st ta lm nh sau:

)
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng :

9 .

Cu 35: |p |n B
n

v n

7
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Ta thy Al tan trong NaOH m s mol H2 sinh ra ln th hai ln hn ln th nht nn phn 1 Na
ht, Al d. Gi s n

x v n

x to NlO

Theo nh lut bo ton mol electron c: n

nn x x x
Phn 2 c Al v{ Na u phn ng ht nn:
n

Vy trong X c 0,2 mol Na v 0,3 mol Al

Cu 36: |p |n D
Gi x l{ s mol Cl2 sinh ra s mol H2 to ra K l{
2x
3
(mol).
C|c qu| trnh nhng-nhn electron:
K(-): Cu

e Cu H

O e OH

A(+): Cl

Cl

e

x
3

2x
3

4x
3

2x
3

2x x 2x
V c kh sinh ra catot nn Cu
2+
v Cl
-
u hthn hp cha
x
3
mol CuSO4 v 2x mol NaCl.
Khi ln ht tn 6
x
3
8x x ol
Vy: %CuSO4=
0,1.160
.100%=31,31%
51,1
.
Cu 37: |p |n B .
Pthh :
+ - 2+
3 2
3Cu +8H +2NO 3Cu +2NO+4H O
0,3 0,8 0,2
Dung dch thu c gm 2 mui l
2+
Cu v
2+
Fe cc cht tham gia phn ng va .

( )
-
3 3
2
Fe NO NO
1
n = n = 0,1 mol m = 0,1.180 =18g.
2


+
2 4
H SO
H
1
n = n = 0, 4 mol a = 0, 4 / 2 = 0, 2M.
2


Cu 38: |p |n C
n

7 Cu hn phn n vi H

SO

n

n

Cho phn 2 vo dung dch NO

vi n

Fe NO

FeNO

Cu NO

CuNO

Ta thy n

nn x r phn n
FeNO

NO

FeNO

V n

7 n

nn n

7
o n

Cu 39: |p |n B
loi b ht cc ion
2+ 2+ 2+ +
Ca ; Mg ; Ba ; H ra khi dung dch th phi dng dung dch
2 3
K CO . V khi
c cc phn ng xy ra ,c th loi b c kt ta hoc khi bay ln.
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
2+ 2-
3 3
Ca +CO CaCO +;
2+ 2-
3 3
Mg +CO MgCO + ;
+ 2-
3 2 2
2H +CO CO +H O | ;
2+ 2-
3 3
Ba +CO BaCO +
Ch : Vi nhng bi ton nh th ny th chng ta c th lm bng pp loi tr .
Vi
2 4
Na SO th chng ta khng lai b c
+
H
Vi NaOH th chng ta khng loi b c
2+
Ba .
Vi
3
AgNO th chng ta khng loi b c
2+
Ba ;
+
H ;
2+
Ca .
Cu 40: |p |n D

CO

FeOH

lOH

CuO
MCO

O
Fe

CuO
MO

{
lO

OH

{
Fe

CuO
MO

{
Fe
Cu
MO

Cu 41: |p |n C
i {
n

b
{
b
8 b 7
{

b 8

Xt c}n bng N

NH

Mol ban u 8
Mol phn ng x x x
Mol c}n bng x8 x x
o
p

8 x V H

Cu 42: |p |n A
Chn 1 mol hn hp kh NO v N

O
i {
n

b
{
b
b 9
{

b 6

heo nh lut bo ton ol eletron n

8n

p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t cho nit c: n

6
Vy t l s phn t b kh v b oxi ha trong phn ng l: n

6 8
Cu 43: |p |n A
NO

NO

NO

O HNO

HNO

NO

NO H

O
Chn n

th n

n




Cu 44: |p |n D
n

6ol n

ol
H

h nhi u lOH

h b h tn n

ol
n

6 ol
N

th lOH

b h tn
Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
n

8n

olhn th n
H

lOH

b tnt phn phn n

i {
n

x
n

{
8x 6
8x
{

x
88
Cu 45: |p |n D
Ta c: n

TH1 Al cha tan ht.

Gi x, y l{ s mol Ba v{ Al c trong m (g) hn hp.
+TH1: X + H2O.
Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2 2Al + Ba(OH)2 + H2O Ba(AlO2)2 + 3H2
Mol: x x x x 3x
n

x
896

x ol
+TH2: X + Ba(OH)2 d.
Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2 2Al + Ba(OH)2 + H2O Ba(AlO2)2 + 3H2
Mol: x x y 1,5y
n

ol 6 ol
Vy:

67 7 99(g).


Cu 46: |p |n D
CO2 SO2 C2H4 C2H2 SO3
Ba(OH)2
Kt ta
trng
Kt ta trng - - Kt ta trng
H2SO4 (cho
v{o kt ta
bn trn)
Kt ta tan Kt ta tan
Kt ta khng
tan
Nc brom - Mt m{u Mt m{u Mt m{u
AgNO3/NH3 Kt ta v{ng
Cu 47: |p |n B
2Cu(NO3)2 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2
Mol: 4x x
Khi lng cht rn gim bng khi lng kh sinh ra:
Suy ra : 6x x V x ol
Hp th hn hp kh v{o nc: 4NO2 + O2 +2H2O 4HNO3
Mol: 0,1 0,1
Vy [HNO3]=
0,1
=1 (M)
0,1
.
Cu 48: |p |n C
Bo to{n khi lng ta c

2 3
X Y Al Cr O
m =m m=23,3-15, 2=8,1 (g) n =0,3 (mol);n =0,1 (mol)
2 3 2 3
2Al +Cr O Al O +2Cr
Do Al d. Y gm 0,1 mol Al; 0,1 mol Al2O3 v 0,2 mol Cr.
Vy
2
H Al Cr
3
n = n +n =0,35 (mol) V =7, 84 (l)
2

Cu 49: |p |n A
{
l
Fe

{
l

Fe
l

Fe {
NlO

NOH

ol lOH

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE
Phng trnh nhit nhm: 8l Fe

9Fe
i {
n

9
n

b
{
b
n

b
{

b

8
Cu 50: |p |n A
Phn ng: OH

SO

SO

lOH

Khi thu c m gam kt ta th t l th tch dung dch ca X v{ Y l{ 3:1 ng bng t l mol ca
OH

v l

SO

theo phng trnh. Do X v{ Y c nng mol bng nhau.

Khi t l th tch bng t l s mol cht trong 2 dung dch.
Chn V

ng vi 1 mol l

SO

th kt ta ti a gm 3 mol SO

v 2 mol lOH

78 8 9 769
Gi s mol OH

ng vi V

l dung dch X l a mol.

+) TH1: Sau phn ng l

SO

cn d
Khi t t ol SO

ol lOH

78

769 7 o V

7
+) TH2: lOH

b ha tan mt phn
OH

SO

SO

lOH

Mol
lOH

OH

lO

O
Mol
Khi kt ta gm 3 mol SO

v 8 ol lOH

788 769 o V

Ht ---