Tích phân hàm lượng giác 1

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With n = 4: ..............................................................................................................................35
Check the result: .....................................................................................................................35
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*/ ..........................................................................................................................................38
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* / I = ∫ tan ( x ) dx

I = ∫ tan x.dx = ∫
(
tan x. 1 + tan 2 x ) dx
( 1 + tan 2 x )
dat u = tan x ⇒ u 2 = tan x ⇒ 2u.du = 1 + tan 2 x dx ( )
⇒I=∫ =
2 2
(
2 u u + 2.u + 1 − u u − 2.u + 1
2u 2 du
.∫ du
) ( )
1+ u 4 2 2 2
(
u − 2.u + 1 u + 2.u + 1 )( )
( ) ( )( )
2
1 + u4 = u2 + 1 − 2u 2 = u 2 − 2.u + 1 u 2 + 2.u + 1

I=

2 
. ∫
u u 2 + 2.u + 1 ( du − ∫
) 2.u + 1 
du 
u ( u2 − )
2  2
( 2
 u − 2.u + 1 u + 2.u + 1 )(2 2
)
u − 2.u + 1 u + 2.u + 1

 ( )( )
  
2  u u
= . ∫ du − ∫ du 
2 
 u(2
− 2.u + 1 ) u 2
+ 2.u + (
1

 )
 
2  2u 2u
= . ∫ du − ∫ du 
(
4  u 2 − 2.u + 1
 ) u 2 + 2.u + 1( 
 )
 
2  2u − 2 2u + 2
= . ∫ du − ∫ du 
4 
(2
 u − 2.u + 1 ) 2
u + 2.u + 1 ( 
 )
 
1 1 1
+ ∫ du + ∫ du 
2 
 u(2
− 2.u + 1 )u 2
+ 2.u + 1 ( 
 )

=

. ∫
2
(
2  d u − 2.u + 1
−∫
)
d u 2 + 2.u + 1 
 ( )
4  2
(
 u − 2.u + 1
2
)
u + 2.u + 1 

 ( )
 
 
1 1 1
+ ∫ du + ∫ du 
2  2 2 2 2
 u− 1  + 1  
u+
1   1 
+ 
        
2  2  2  2

 
 
2  u2 − 2.u + 1  1  1 1
= .ln   + ∫ du + ∫ du 
4  u2 + 2.u + 1  2   2 2 2 2
 1   1   1   1  
u−  + u +  +
  2  2

 2  2
 
  1   1 
  u −   u + 
2  u2 − 2.u + 1  1 2 2
= .ln   + . 2 arctan   + arctan   + C
4  u2 + 2.u + 1  2   1   1 
    
  2   2  
2  u 2 − 2.u + 1 
=
4
. ln  +
2
 u 2 + 2.u + 1  2 
arctan ( )
2.u − 1 + arctan ( )
2.u + 1  + C

 

π
* I = ∫ 1 − sin 2x.dx = 2 2
0
I = ∫ 1 − sin 2xdx = ∫ sin 2 x + cos 2 x − 2sin x.cos xdx

=∫ ( sin x + cos x ) 2 dx = ∫ sin x + cos x dx

π π π π
 π
* I = ∫ 1 − sin 2x.dx = ∫ sin x + cos x dx = ∫ sin x + cos x dx = 2 ∫ cos  x −  dx
0 0 0 0  4
 π π π
cos  x −  ≥ 0 ⇒ k2π ≤ x − ≤ k2π +
 4 4 2
 π π π 3π 5π
cos  x −  ≤ 0 ⇒ ≤ x − ≤ π ⇒ ≤x≤
 4 2 4 4 4
π π π  π
0≤x≤ ⇒ − ≤ x − ≤ 0 ⇒ cos  x −  ≥ 0
4 4 4  4

 3π 
π
π  4 π
π
π 
  
⇒ I = 2 ∫ cos  x −  dx = 2  ∫ cos  x −  dx + ∫ cos  x −  dx 
 4  0  4 3π  4 
0
 
 4 
 3π   3π
 4 π  π 
 π   π    π   4   π   
= 2  ∫ cos  x −  dx − ∫ cos  x −  dx  = 2  sin  x −   +  − sin  x −   
 0  4 3π  4     4 0   4   3π 
   4 
 4 
 π  π 3π π  2 2 
= 2  sin − sin  −  − sin + sin  = 2  1 + − + 1 = 2 2
 2  4 4 2  2 2 

n π
 2i.π 
* lim
n →+∞
∑n. 1 − sin 
 n 
 =2 2
i =1
π i.π
* Dat f ( x i ) = 1 − sin 2x i , x i ∈ [ 0, π] , ∆x = , xi =
n n
n π n π
 2i.π 
⇒ lim I = lim ∑ . 1 − sin   = lim ∑ f ( x i ) .∆x = ∫ 1 − sin 2x.dx = 2 2,
n →+∞ n →+∞ i =1 n  n  n →+∞ i =1 0

1  cos ( a − b ) x  cos ( a + b ) x  

* / I = ∫ sin ( ax ) .cos ( bx ) dx = − .  + 
2  ( a − b) ( a + b ) 
 1
I = ∫ sin ( ax ) .cos ( bx ) dx =
2∫
(
sin ( a − b ) x  + sin ( a + b ) x  dx)
1  cos ( a − b ) x  cos ( a + b ) x  
= − . + 
2  ( a − b) ( a + b ) 

1 + sin x x sin x.e x

*/ I = ∫ .e .dx =
1 + cos x 1 + cos x

1 + sin x x 1 + sin x
* I=∫ .e .dx Put u = , dv = e x .dx
1 + cos x 1 + cos x
( 1 + sin x ) ' ( 1 + cos x ) − ( 1 + sin x ) ( 1 + cos x ) '
⇒ du = dx
2
( 1 + cos x )
cos x ( 1 + cos x ) − ( 1 + sin x ) ( − sin x )
= dx
2
( 1 + cos x )
cos x + cos 2 x + sin x + sin 2 x 1 + cos x + sin x
= dx = dx, v = ∫ e x .dx = e x
2 2
( 1 + cos x ) ( 1 + cos x )
1 + sin x x 1 + cos x + sin x x
⇒I= .e − ∫ .e .dx
1 + cos x ( 1 + cos x ) 2

1 + sin x x ( 1 + cos x ) .e x .dx sin x.ex .dx

= .e − ∫ −∫
1 + cos x ( 1 + cos x ) 2
( 1 + cos x ) 2
1 + sin x x ex .dx sin x.ex .dx
.e − ∫
( 1 + cos x ) ∫ ( 1 + cos x ) 2
= −
1 + cos x

sin x.e x .dx sin x.dx

Tính I1 = − ∫ dat u = e x ⇒ du = e x dx, dv =
( 1 + cos x ) 2 ( 1 + cos x ) 2
sin x.dx d ( 1 + cos x )
1 ex e x dx
⇒v=∫ = −∫ = ⇒ I1 = − +∫
2 2 ( 1 + cos x ) ( + ) ( 1 + cos x )
( 1 + cos x ) ( 1 + cos x ) 1 cos x

1 + sin x x e x .dx sin x.e x .dx

.e − ∫
( 1 + cos x ) ∫ ( 1 + cos x ) 2
⇒I= −
1 + cos x
 1 + sin x x e x .dx ex e x dx
= .e − ∫ − +∫
1 + cos x ( 1 + cos x ) ( 1 + cos x ) ( 1 + cos x )
π π
π
1 + sin x x sin x.e x 2 1 + sin x  sin x.e  2
x
⇒I=∫ .e .dx = , ⇒ I1 = ∫ .e x .dx =   = e2
1 + cos x 1 + cos x 1 + cos x 1 + cos x 
0 0

 i.π   i.π  π
1 + sin     2 1 + sin x π
π n  2n   2n 
* lim ∑ π
.e =∫
+
x
.e .dx = e 2
i =1 1 + cos  
n →+∞ 2n i. 1 cos x
 0
 
2n

1 + sin x i xi  π π i.π
Dat f ( x i ) = .e , x i ∈ 0,  , ∆x = , xi =
1 + cos x i  2 2n 2n
 i.π 
n 1 + sin    i.π  n
π  2n  .e 2n  = lim
⇒ lim I = lim
n →+∞
∑
n →+∞ 2n i =1  i.π 
∑ f ( xi ) .∆x
n →+∞ i =1
1 + cos  
 2n 
π π
π
2 1 + sin x
x
 sin x.e x  2
= ∫ 1 + cos x .e .dx =  
1 + cos x  0
= e2
0

n 1 sin nx 
* In = ∫ ( cos x ) .cos nx.dx =  In −1 + 
2 n.cos n x 

* In = ∫ cos n x.cos nx.dx

Because : cos n x.cos nx = ( cos x ) ( cos ( n − 1) x  − sin nx.sin x )

n −1

( cos ( n − 1) x  = cos ( nx − x ) = cos nx.cos x + sin nx.sin x )

⇒ In = ∫ cos n −1 x.cos ( n − 1) x.dx − ∫ cos n −1 x.sin nx.sin x.dx

= In −1 − ∫ cos n −1 x.sin nx.sin x.dx dat u = sin nx, dv = cosn −1 x.sin x.dx

n −1 n −1 − cos n x
⇒ du = n.cos nx.dx, v = ∫ cos x.sin x.dx = − ∫ cos x.d ( cos x ) =
n
n −1 − n.cos nx.cos n xdx
sin nx
⇒ − ∫ cos x.sin nx.sin x.dx = +∫
n.cos n x n
 1
sin nx sin nx 
⇒ In = I n −1 + − In ⇒ In =  In −1 + 
n.cos n x 2 n.cos n x 
1 
b b
n sin nx  = 1 lim In −1 + 0
⇒ lim ∫ cos x.cos nx.dx = lim I n −1 + lim
n →∞ 2  n →∞ n →∞ n.cos n x a  2 n →∞
a  
I
⇒ lim I n = lim o = 0
n →∞ n →∞ 2n
π
1 
π
n
* In = ∫ cos x.cos nx.dx = I n −1 +
sin nx  = I n −1
0
2
 n.cos n x 0  2
π
Io 1 π
⇒ In = = .∫ dx =
2n 2n 0 2n

dx
* I=∫
sin 2 x + cos x

dx x 2dt
* I=∫ dat t = tan ⇒ x = 2 arctan t ⇒ dx =
sin 2 x + cos x 2 1 + t2
4t 2 1 − t2
sin 2 x = , cos x =
( )
2
1 + t2 1 + t2

( 1 + t 2 ) dt
2dt
2 dt
⇒I=∫ 1+ t = 2∫ = 2∫
4t 2 + ( 1 − t 2 ) ( 1 + t 2 )
2 2
4t 1− t 4t 2 2
+ +1− t
( 1+ t 2 2
) 1 + t2 ( 1 + t2 )

= 2∫
( 1 + t 2 ) dt = −2 ∫
( 1 + t 2 ) dt
2 4
4t + 1 − t t 4 − 4t 2 − 1

) (( )( )
2
t 4 − 4t 2 − 1 = t 2 − 2 − 5 = t 2 − 2 − 5 t 2 − 2 + 5

⇒ I = −2 ∫
( 1 + t 2 ) dt

( t2 − ( 2 + 5 ) ) ( t2 − ( 2 − 5 ) )
 1
1 + t2 =  −
3  2
 t − 2+ 5
2 2 5
( ( ) ) +  12 + 2 35  ( t 2 − ( 2 − 5 ) )
( ) ( 5 ) 3  − t + ( 2 + 5 ) + t − ( 2 − 5 ) 
2 2
t2 − 2 + 5 + t2 − 2 −
= +
2 2 5
2t 2 − 4 3.2 5
= + = t2 − 2 + 3 = t2 + 1
2 2 5
1
2−

3  2 1
 t − 2+ 5 +2 +
2 5 
( ( 3  2
2 5
 t − 2− 5 )) ( ( ))
⇒ I = −2 ∫ dt
( (
t2 − 2 + 5 t2 − 2 − 5 ))( ( ))
 
1 3  dt 1 3  dt
= −2  − ∫ + + ∫


 2 2 5 

t2 + 5 − 2 ( ( ))

 2 2 5  t2 − 2 + 5 
( ( ))
3− 5  1  t  3+ 5  1 t+ 5+2
= . .arctg  − . .ln +C
 5  5−2  
5−2  5  2 5+2 t− 5+2

 x  x
3− 5   tan + tan 5+2
=
1 2  −  3 + 5 . 1 2 +C
. .arctg     .ln
 5  5−2 5−2  5  2 5+2 x
 tan − 5+2
  2

dx 1 a.tan 2 x − b
* I=∫ = .ln +C
2 2 2 ab 2
a sin x − b cos x a.tan x + b

dx dx dx
* I=∫ =∫ ( a, b > 0 ) dat t = tan 2 x ⇒ dt =
a sin 2 x − b cos 2 x (
cos 2 x a.tan 2 x − b ) cos 2 x

b
t−
dt 1 dt 1 a = 1 .ln a.t − b
⇒I=∫ = ∫ = .ln
( a.t 2 − b )a  2 b
 t −  2a.
 a
b
a
t+
b
a
2 ab a.t + b
 dx 1 a.tan 2 x − b
⇒I=∫ = .ln
a sin 2 x − b cos 2 x 2 ab a.tan 2 x + b
π
π /2 
dx 1 a.tan 2 x − ln1 b 2
 π 
⇒J= ∫ = . ln  = = 0  tan = +∞ 
2 2
0 a sin x − b cos x 2 ab  a.tan 2 x + b  2 ab  2 
0

dx 1  tan 2 x. a 
* I=∫ = .arctan  
a sin 2 x + b cos 2 x ab  b 
 

dx dx dx
* I=∫ =∫ ( a, b > 0 ) dat t = tan 2 x ⇒ dt =
a sin 2 x + b cos 2 x (
cos 2 x a.tan 2 x + b ) cos 2 x

dt 1 dt 1 t a 
⇒I=∫
a ∫ 2 b
= = .arctan  
( a.t 2 + b )  t +  a.
 a
b
a
 b 

dx 1  tan 2 x. a 
⇒I=∫ = .arctan  
a sin 2 x + b cos 2 x ab  b 
 
π π
2 dx 1   tan x. a   2
2
1
⇒J= ∫ a sin 2 x + b cos2 x = .  arctan   = .arctan ( +∞ )
ab   b  ab
0  0
1 π  π 
= .  tan = +∞ 
ab 2  2 

π /2
sin 2n x.dx
* ∫ =0
( a sin 2 x − b cos2 x )
n +1
0

π /2 π /2
dx ( −1) .sin 2 x.dx
J( a) = ∫ = 0 ⇒ J ( a) = '
∫ =0
( a sin 2 x − b cos2 x )
2 2 2
0 a sin x − b cos x 0

π /2 π /2
( n) = ( −1) n .n!.sin 2n x.dx sin 2n x.dx
⇒  J ( a )  ∫ =0⇒ ∫ =0
( a sin 2 x − b cos2 x ) ( a sin 2 x − b cos2 x )
n +1 n +1
0 0
 dx
* I=∫ divide two sides for cos2 x :
2 2
a sin x + b cos x + c sin x.cos x + d
dx d ( tan x )
I=∫ =∫
(
cos 2 x a tan 2 x + b + c tan x + d tan 2 x + 1 ( )) ( a + d ) tan 2 x + c tan x + b + d
dt
dat tan x = t ⇒ I = ∫
( a + d ) t 2 + c.t + b + d
n −1
n − cos x. ( sin x ) + ( n − 1) .I n −2
* In = ∫ ( sin x ) .dx =
n

n n −1 n −2
* In = ∫ ( sin x ) .dx dat u = ( sin x ) ⇒ du = ( n − 1) ( sin x ) .cos x
n −1 n −2
dv = sin x.dx ⇒ v = − cos x ⇒ In = − cos x ( sin x ) + ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin x ) .cos2 x

* ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin x )
n −2
.cos 2 x.dx = ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin x )
n −2
(
. 1 − sin 2 x .dx )
(
= ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin x )
n −2
− ( sin x )
n
) .dx = ( n − 1) ( I n − 2 − In )
n −1
⇒ In = − cos x ( sin x ) + ( n − 1) ( I n −2 − In )
n −1
⇒ n.I n = − cos x ( sin x ) + ( n − 1) I n −2

π /2 π /2
2n 2n ( 2n − 1) !! π
* J 2n = ∫ ( sin x ) .dx = ∫ ( cos x ) .dx = 2n!! 2
,
0 0
π /2
2n +1 2n!!
J 2n +1 = ∫ ( sin x ) .dx = ( 2n + 1) !!
0

π /2
π/2  − cos x ( sin x ) n −1  ( n − 1) J n −2 ( n − 1) J n −2
n
J n = ∫ ( sin x ) .dx =   + =
 n  n n
0  0
π /2
π J π 3J ( 2n − 3) .J 2n −4 ( 2n − 1) J n −2
Jo = ∫ dx = , J 2 = 1 = , J 4 = 2 ,..., J 2n −2 = , J 2n =
0
2 2 4 4 ( 2n − 2 ) 2n
 ( 2n − 1) ( 2n − 3) ...3.1 π ( 2n − 1) !! π
⇒ J 2n = . = .
2n. ( 2n − 2 ) ...4.2 2 2n!! 2
π /2
π /2 2.J1 ( 2n − 2 ) .J 2n −3 2n.J 2n −1
J1 = ∫ sin x.dx = [ cos x ] 0 = 1, J3 = ,..., J 2n −1 = , J 2n +1 =
0
3 ( 2n − 1) ( 2n + 1)
2n. ( 2n − 2 ) ...4.2 2n!!
⇒ J 2n +1 = =
( 2n + 1) ( 2n − 1) ...3.1 ( 2n + 1) !!
π /2
n π π π
Jn = ∫ ( sin x ) .dx, dat t =
2
− x ⇒ dt = −dx, when x → ⇒ t → 0, when x → 0 ⇒ t →
2 2
0
0 n π /2 π /2
  π  n n
⇒ J n = − ∫  sin  − t   .dt = ∫ ( cos t ) .dt = ∫ ( cos x ) .dx
π /2   2  0 0
( because the integral dont depend on variable )
π /2
2n +1 ( 2n ) !!
* J 2n +1 = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = ,
a ( 2n + 1) !!
0
π /2
2n ( 2n − 1) !! π
J 2n = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = . ( with a nguyên )
0
( 2n ) !! 2

n n −1 n −2
* In = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx dat u = ( sin ax ) ⇒ du = a ( n − 1) ( sin ax ) .cos ax
− cos ax
dv = sin ax.dx ⇒ v =
a
n −1
− cos ax ( sin ax ) n −2
⇒ In = + ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin ax ) .cos 2 ax
a
* ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin ax )
n −2 2
. ( cos ax ) .dx = ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin ax )
n −2
( )
. 1 − sin 2 ax .dx

(
= ( n − 1) ∫ ( sin ax )
n −2
− ( sin ax )
n
) .dx
n −1
− cos ax ( sin ax )
= ( n − 1) ( I n −2 − I n ) ⇒ In = + ( n − 1) ( In −2 − In )
a
 n −1
− cos ax ( sin ax )
⇒ n.I n = + ( n − 1) I n −2
a
n −1
n − cos ax ( sin ax ) + a ( n − 1) I n −2
⇒ In = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx =
a.n
π /2
π /2  − cos ax ( sin ax ) n −1  ( n − 1) J n −2
n
⇒ J n = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx =   +
 a.n  n
0  0
π /2 π /2
( n − 1) J n −2 − cos ax 
( with a nguyên ) , J1 = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = 
1 2
= = , J3 = .J1 ,...,
n
0  a  0 a 3

π /2
( 2n − 2 ) J 2n −3 ( 2n ) J 2n −1 2n +1 ( 2n ) !!
J 2n −1 = , J 2n +1 = ⇒ J 2n +1 = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = ,
( 2n − 1) ( 2n + 1) 0
a ( 2n + 1) !!
π /2
0 π Jo ( 2n − 1) .J 2n −2
J0 = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = 2 , J 2 = 2
,..., J 2n =
2n
0
π /2
2n ( 2n − 1) !! π
⇒ J 2n = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = .
0
( 2n ) !! 2

π /2 n −1 
n −i −1 ( 2n ) !  π 2i+1  n
* / I 2n = ∫ x 2n
.sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . . 
( 2i + 1) !  2  
+ ( −1) . ( 2n ) !
0 i =0 

π /2
In = ∫ x n .sin x.dx, Put u = x n ⇒ du = n.x n −1.dx, dv = sin x.dx ⇒ v = − cos x
0
π /2 π /2 π /2
n −1
= −  x n .cos x  + n. ∫ x .cos x.dx = n. ∫ x n −1.cos x.dx = n.J n −1
 0
0 0
π /2
J n −1 = ∫ x n −1.cos x.dx, Put u = x n −1 ⇒ du = ( n − 1) .x n − 2 .dx, dv = cos x.dx ⇒ v = sin x
0
π /2 π /2
=  x n −1.sin x  − ( n − 1) ∫ x n −2 .sin x.dx
 0
0
n −1 π /2 n −1
π n −2 π
=  − ( n − 1) ∫ x .sin x.dx =   − ( n − 1) .I n −2
2 0 2
 n −1 π /2
π π /2
⇒ In = n.   − n ( n − 1) .In −2 , I0 = ∫ sin x.dx = − [ cos x ] 0 =1
2 0
3 3
π π π π 2
⇒ I2 = 2   − 2!, I 4 = 4   − 4.3.I 2 = 4   + ( −1) 4.3.2   + ( −1) 4!
2 2 2 2
5 5 3
π π 6!  π  2 π 3
I6 = 6   − 6.5.I4 = 6   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) 6!  + ( −1) 6!
2 2 3!  2  2
7 7 5 3
π π π 2 8!  π  3 π 4
I8 = 8   − 8.7.I6 = 8   + ( −1) 8.7.6   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) 8!  + ( −1) 8!
2 2 2 3!  2  2
π /2 n −1  2i +1 
n −i −1 ( 2n ) !  π  n
⇒ I2n = ∫ x .sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1)
2n
. .   + ( −1) . ( 2n ) !
0 i =0  ( 2i + 1) !  2  

π /2
2n +1
n
n −i ( 2n + 1) !  π 2i
* I2n +1 = ∫ x .sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . .
( 2i ) !  2 
0 i =0

n −1
π
In = n.   − n ( n − 1) .I n −2 ,
2
π /2 π /2
π /2 π /2
I1 = ∫ x.sin x.dx = − [ x.cos x ] 0 + ∫ cos x.dx = 0 + [ sin x ] 0 =1
0 0
2 4 4 2
π π π π 2
⇒ I3 = 3   − 3.2.I1 , I5 = 5   − 5.4.I3 = 5   + ( −1) .5.4.3   + ( −1) .5!
2 2 2 2
6 6 4 2
 π  π 7!  π  2 7!  π  3
I7 = 7   − 7.6.I5 = 7   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) .7!
2 2 4!  2  2!  2 
π /2
2n +1
n
n −i ( 2n + 1) !  π 2i
⇒ I2n +1 = ∫ x .sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . .
( 2i ) !  2 
0 i =0

π /2 n
n −i ( 2n ) !  π 2i
* / I 2n = ∫ x 2n
.cos x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . .
( 2i ) !  2 
0 i =0
 π /2
In = ∫ x n .cos x.dx, Put u = x n ⇒ du = n.x n −1.dx, dv = cos x.dx ⇒ v = sin x
0
π /2 π /2 n π /2 n
−  π  −  π 
=  x .sin x 
n n 1
∫
n 1
− n. x .sin x.dx =   − n. x .sin x.dx =   − n.J n −1 ∫
 0 2 2
0 0
π /2
J n −1 = x n −1.sin x.dx, Put u = x n −1 ⇒ du = ( n − 1) .x n − 2 .dx, dv = sin x.dx ⇒ v = − cos x
∫
0
π /2 π /2
n −1

= − x .cos x  + ( n − 1) x n −2 .cos x.dx = ( n − 1) .I n −2
∫
 0
0

n n
π π
⇒ In =   + n.J n −1 =   − n. ( n − 1) .In −2
2 2
π /2 2
π /2 π
I0 = ∫ cos x.dx = [ sin x ] 0 = 1, I 2 =   − 2!,
0 2
4 4 2
π π π 2
I4 =   − 4.3.I 2 =   + ( −1) .4.3.   + ( −1) 4!
2 2 2
6 6 4 2
π π 6!  π  2 6!  π  3
I6 =   − 6.5.I 4 =   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) .6!
2 2 4!  2  2!  2 
π /2 n
n −i ( 2n ) !  π 2i
⇒ I2n = ∫ x 2n
.cos x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . .
( 2i ) !  2 
0 i =0

π /2
2n +1
n
n −i ( 2n + 1) !  π 2i+1 n +1
* I2n +1 = ∫ x .cos x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . . 
( 2i + 1) !  2 
+ ( −1) ( 2n + 1) !
0 i =0

n
π
⇒ In =   − n. ( n − 1) .I n −2 ,
2
π /2
I1 = ∫ x.cos x.dx, Put u = x ⇒ du = dx, v = cos x.dx ⇒ v = sin x
0
π /2 3
π /2 π π /2 π π π 
I1 = [ x.sin x ] 0 − ∫ sin x.dx = 2 + [ cos x ] 0 = 2 − 1, I3 =  2  + ( −1) 3! 2 − 1 ,
0
5 5 3
π π π 2 π 
I5 =   + ( −1) .5.4.I3 =   + ( −1) .5.4.   + ( −1) .5! − 1
2 2 2 2 
 7 7 5 3
π  π 7!  π  2 7!  π  3 π 
I7 =   + ( −1) .7.6.I5 =   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) . .   + ( −1) .7! − 1
2 2 5!  2  3!  2  2 
π /2
2n +1
n
n −i ( 2n + 1) !  π 2i+1 n +1
⇒ I2n +1 = ∫ x .cos x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . . 
( 2i + 1) !  2 
+ ( −1) ( 2n + 1) !
0 i =0

π n
n −i ( 2n ) ! 2i n
*/ I 2n = ∫ x 2n .sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . .π + 2. ( −1) . ( 2n ) !
0 i =1 ( 2i ) !
π
In = ∫ x n .sin x.dx, Put u = x n ⇒ du = n.x n −1.dx, dv = sin x.dx ⇒ v = − cos x
0
π π π
= −  x .cos x  + n. x .cos x.dx = π + n. x n −1.cos x.dx = πn + n.J n −1
n n −1
∫
n
∫
 0
0 0
π
J n −1 = x n −1.cos x.dx, Put u = x n −1 ⇒ du = ( n − 1) .x n − 2 .dx, dv = cos x.dx ⇒ v = sin x
∫
0
π π
= x .sin x − ( n − 1) x n −2 .sin x.dx = 0 − ( n − 1) .I n −2
 n −1 
∫
 0
0

π
⇒ In = ∫ x n .sin x.dx = πn − n ( n − 1) .I n −2
0
π
π
I0 = ∫ sin x.dx = − [ cos x ] 0 = 2, I2 = π2 − 2!.2, I4 = π4 − 4.3.I2 = π4 + ( −1) 4.3π2 + ( −1) 4!.2
2

0
6! 4 2 6! 2 3
I6 = π6 − 6.5.I4 = π6 + ( −1) .π + ( −1) π + 2 ( −1) 6!
4! 2!
π n
n −i ( 2n ) ! 2i n
⇒ I2n = ∫ x 2n
.sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . .π + 2. ( −1) . ( 2n ) !
0 i =1 ( 2i ) !

π π π π
I2 = ∫ x .sin x.dx = −  x 2 .cos x  + 2 ∫ x.cos x.dx = π2 + 2 ∫ x.cos x.dx
2
 0
0 0 0
π π
π π
∫ x.cos x.dx = [ x.sin x ] 0 − sin x.dx = 0 + [ cos x ] 0 = −2 ⇒ I2 = π2 − 2!.2
∫
0 0
 π
2n +1
n
n −i ( 2n + 1) ! 2i+1
*/ I 2n +1 = ∫ x .sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1) .
( 2i + 1) !
.π
0 i =0

π
In = ∫ x n .sin x.dx = πn − n ( n − 1) .In −2
0
π π
π π
I1 = x.sin x.dx = − [ x.cos x ] 0 + cos x.dx = π + [ sin x ] 0 = π
∫ ∫
0 0
5! 3 2
I3 = π3 − 3!.π, I5 = π5 − 5.4.I3 = π5 + ( −1) π + ( −1) 5!.π
3!
7! 2 7! 3 3
I7 = π7 − 7.6.I 4 = π7 + ( −1) .π5 + ( −1) π + ( −1) 7!.π
5! 3!
π
2n +1
n
n −i ( 2n + 1) ! 2i +1
⇒ I2n +1 = ∫ x .sin x.dx = ∑ ( −1) .
( 2i + 1) !
.π
0 i =0

π
In = ∫ x n .cos x.dx, Put u = x n ⇒ du = n.x n −1.dx, dv = cos x.dx ⇒ v = sin x
0
π π π
=  x n .sin x  − n.∫ x n −1.sin x.dx = − n.∫ x n −1.sin x.dx = − n.J n −1
 0
0 0
π
J n −1 = ∫ x n −1.sin x.dx, Put u = x n −1 ⇒ du = ( n − 1) .x n − 2 .dx, dv = sin x.dx ⇒ v = − cos x
0
π π
n −1 n −2
 
= − x .cos x + ( n − 1) ∫x .cos x.dx = πn −1 + ( n − 1) .In −2
 0
0

π
⇒ In = ∫ x n .cos x.dx = −n.πn −1 − n ( n − 1) .I n − 2
0
π
π
I0 = ∫ cos x.dx = [ sin x ] 0 = 0, I 2 = −2π − 2!.0, I 4 = −4π3 + ( −1) .4.3.2π
2

0
2 6! 3 3
I6 = −6π5 + ( −1) 6.5.I 4 = −6 π5 + ( −1) . .π + ( −1) .6! π
3!
 2 8! 5 3 8! 4
I8 = −8π7 + ( −1) 8.7.I6 = −8π7 + ( −1) π + ( −1) . .π3 + ( −1) .8!π
5! 3!
π
n −i ( 2n ) ! 2i +1
n −1
⇒ I2n = ∫ x 2n
.cos x.dx = ∑ ( −1) ( 2i ) !
.π
0 i =0

π n
n −i +1 ( 2n + 1) ! 2i
*/ I 2n +1 = ∫ x 2n +1.cos x.dx = ∑ ( −1) . .π
0 i =0 ( 2i ) !
π
In = ∫ x n .cos x.dx = −n.πn −1 − n ( n − 1) .In −2
0
π π
π π
I1 = x.cos x.dx = [ x.sin x ] 0 − sin x.dx = [ cos x ] 0 = −2
∫ ∫
0 0
2 2 5! 2 3
I3 = −3π2 + ( −1) .3!.2, I5 = −5π4 + ( −1) .5.4.I3 = −5π4 + ( −1) .π + ( −1) .5!.2
2!
π
2n +1
n
n −i +1 ( 2n + 1) ! 2i
⇒ I2n +1 = ∫ x .cos x.dx = ∑ ( −1) .
( 2i ) !
.π
0 i =0

π /2
2n ( −1) ( 2n ) !! π/2 2n −1
* ∫ x. ( sin ax ) .cos ax.dx = a 2 2n − 1 !! , ∫ x.( sin ax ) .cos ax.dx = 0
0 ( ) 0

'
π π 
2 ( 2n ) !! 2 
2n +1 2n +1
* J 2n +1 ( a ) = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = , ⇒ J '2n +1 ( a ) =  ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx 
a ( 2n + 1) !! 0 
0
 
 a
π
'
2
2n  ( 2n ) !!  ( −1) ( 2n ) !!
= ( 2n + 1) ∫ x. ( sin ax ) .cos ax.dx =   = 2
0  a ( 2n + 1) !! a a ( 2n + 1) !!
π
2
2n ( −1) ( 2n ) !!
⇒ ∫ x. ( sin ax ) .cos ax.dx = ,
0 a 2 ( 2n − 1) !!
 π
2
2n ( 2n − 1) !! π
J 2n = ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx = .
( 2n ) !! 2
( with a nguyên )
0
'
π  π
2  2
2n 2n −1
⇒ J '2n ( a ) =  ∫ ( sin ax ) .dx  = ( 2n ) ∫ x.( sin ax ) .cos ax.dx = 0
0  0
 
 a

n −1
n sin x ( cos x ) + ( n − 1) I n −2
* In = ∫ ( cos x ) .dx =
n

n n −1 n −2
* In = ∫ ( cos x ) .dx dat u = ( cos x ) ⇒ du = ( n − 1) ( cos x ) . ( − sin x )
dv = cos x.dx ⇒ v = ∫ cos x.dx = sin x
n −1 n −2
⇒ In = sin x ( cos x ) + ( n − 1) ∫ ( cos x ) .sin 2 x

( n − 1) ∫ ( cos x ) n −2 .sin 2 x.dx = ( n − 1) ∫ ( cos x ) n −2 .( 1 − cos2 x ) .dx

(
= ( n − 1) ∫ ( cos x )
n −2
− ( cos x )
n
) .dx = ( n − 1) ( I n −2 − In )
n −1
⇒ In = sin x ( cos x ) + ( n − 1) ( In −2 − I n )
n −1
sin x ( cos x ) + ( n − 1) In −2
⇒ In =
n

n ( tan x ) n −1 π
2n +1
π
2n n
* In = ∫ ( tan x ) .dx = − In −2 , ∫ ( tan x ) .dx = 0, ∫ ( tan x ) .dx = ( −1) π
n −1
0 0

n
* In = ∫ ( tan x ) .dx = ∫ ( tan x ) ( n −2
( tan2 x + 1) − ( tan x ) n−2 ) .dx
n −2 ( tan x ) n −1
= ∫ ( tan x ) .d ( tan x ) − In −2 = − In −2
n −1
sin x.dx −d ( cos x )
I1 = ∫ tan x.dx = ∫ =∫ = − ln cos x ,
cos x cos x
(
I2 = ∫ tan 2 x.dx = ∫ tan 2 x + 1 − 1 .dx = tan x − x + C )
π
π
⇒ J1 = ∫ tan x.dx = −  ln cos x  = − ( ln1 − ln1) = 0,
0
0
 π
2 π
J 2 = ∫ ( tan x ) .dx = [ tan x − x ] 0 = −π
0
π
π  ( tan x ) 2n 
2n +1
⇒ J 2n +1 = ∫ ( tan x ) .dx =   − I2n −1 = 0,
 2n 
0  0
π
π  ( tan x ) 3 
4  − J 2 = ( −1) 2 .π,
J 4 = ∫ ( tan x ) .dx = 
 3 
0  0
π
 ( tan x ) 2n −1 
π
3 2n  − I 2n −2 = ( −1) n π
J 6 = −J 4 = ( −1) .π ⇒ J 2n = ∫ ( tan x ) .dx = 
 2n − 1 
0  0

n
* In = ∫ ( cot gx ) .dx = ∫ ( cot gx ) ( n −2
( cot g2 x + 1) − ( cot gx ) n−2 ) .dx
n −2 ( cot gx ) n −1
= − ∫ ( cot gx ) .d ( cot gx ) − I n −2 = − − In −2
n −1
cos x.dx d ( sin x )
I1 = ∫ cot x.dx = ∫ =∫ = ln ( sin x ) ,
sin x sin x

( )
I2 = ∫ cot 2 x.dx = ∫ cot 2 x + 1 − 1 .dx = − cot x − x + C
π
π
2 π   −π  

⇒ J1 = ( cot x ) .dx =  ln ( sin x )  2 π = ln  sin  − ln  sin 
∫   = ln1 − ln ( −1) ,
π −  2    2 
− 2
2

π
π
2
2
J2 = ∫ ( cot x ) .dx = − [ cot x + x ] 2 π = −π
π −
− 2
2
π π
2  ( cot gx ) 3 2
4  − I2 = ( −1) 2 .π, J 6 = −J 4 = ( −1) 3 .π
J4 = ∫( cot x ) .dx = − 
 3  π
π  −
−
2 2
π π
2  ( cot x ) 2n −1  2
2n  − I 2n −2 = ( −1) n π
J 2n = ∫ ( cot x ) .dx = − 
π  2n − 1  π
−  −
2 2
 π
dx − cos x ( n − 2 ) .In −2 2dx
* In = ∫ = + , ∫ =0
( sin x ) n
( n − 1) ( sin x ) n −1 ( n − 1) 0 ( sin x )
2n

dx sin x.dx 1 − ( n + 1) cos x.dx

* In = ∫ =∫ dat u = ⇒ du =
( sin x ) n ( sin x ) n +1 ( sin x ) n +1 ( sin x ) n + 2
dv = sin x.dx ⇒ v = ∫ sin x.dx = − cos x
− cos x − ( n + 1) cos x ( − cos x ) .dx
⇒ In = u.v − ∫ v.du = −∫
( sin x ) n +1 ( sin x ) n +2
− cos x ( n + 1) ( 1 − sin 2 x ) .dx
= −∫
n +1
( sin x ) ( sin x ) n + 2
− cos x cos x
⇒ In = − ( n + 1) I n + 2 + ( n + 1) I n ⇒ n.I n = + ( n + 1) In + 2
n +1 n +1
( sin x ) ( sin x )
− cos x n.I n − cos x ( n − 2 ) .In −2
⇒ In + 2 = + ⇒ In = +
( n + 1) ( sin x ) n +1 ( n + 1) ( n − 1) ( sin x ) n −1 ( n − 1)

π
π /2 π /2
dx   x  2
dx π /2
⇒ J1 = ∫ = ln tan    = 0, J 2 = ∫ = − [ cot x ] −π/2 = 0
sin x   2  − π 2
−π /2 −π /2 sin x
2
π /2
π /2
dx  − cos x  ( n − 2 ) .J n −2
Jn = ∫ =  + =0
−π /2 ( sin x )
n 
 ( n − 1) ( sin x )
n −1 
 −π/2
( n − 1 )

dx n−2 sin x
* In = ∫ = In −2 +
( cos x ) n n −1 ( n − 1) ( cos x ) n −1
* In = ∫
dx
( cos x ) n
=∫
cos x.dx
( cos x ) n +1
dat u =
( cos x )
1
n +1 (
⇒ du = ( cos x ) ) dx
− n −1 '

−n −2
= − ( n + 1) ( cos x ) ( − sin x ) = ( n + 1) ( cos x ) −n −2 sin x
dv = cos xdx ⇒ v = ∫ cos xdx = sin x ⇒ I = uv − ∫ v.du

sin x ( n + 1) sin 2 x.dx sin x ( n + 1) ( 1 − cos2 x ) .dx

n +1 ∫ n +1 ∫
= − = −
n +2
( cos x ) ( cos x ) ( cos x ) ( cos x ) n + 2
sin x ( n + 1) .dx ( n + 1) .dx sin x
= −∫ +∫ ⇒ In = − ( n + 1) In + 2 + ( n + 1) In
n +1 n +2 n n +1
( cos x ) ( cos x ) ( cos x ) ( cos x )
sin x dx n sin x
⇒ n.I n = ( n + 1) In + 2 − ⇒ In + 2 = ∫ = In +
( cos x ) n +1 ( cos x ) n +2 n +1 ( n + 1) ( cos x ) n +1
dx n−2 sin x
⇒ In = ∫ = In −2 +
( cos x ) n n −1 ( n − 1) ( cos x ) n −1
dx −1
* In + 2 = ∫ = − In
n+2 n +1
( tan x ) ( n + 1) ( tan x )

* In = ∫
dx
=∫
( tan 2 x + 1 − 1) dx = d ( tan x ) dx
∫ −∫
( tan x ) n ( tan x ) n + 2 ( tan x ) n + 2 ( tan x ) n + 2
−1 dx −1
⇒ In = − In + 2 ⇒ In + 2 = ∫ = − In
n +1 n+2 n +1
( n + 1) ( tan x ) ( tan x ) ( n + 1) ( tan x )
−n −2 x − n −1 −1
∫x .dx = =
−n − 1 ( n + 1) x n +1

I1 = ∫
dx
tan x
= ∫ cot x.dx = − cot 2 x + 1 = −( 1
sin 2 x
)
I2 = ∫
dx
2
tan x
(
= ∫ cot 2 x.dx = ∫ cot 2 x + 1 − 1 .dx = − cot x − x + C )
(
because d ( cot x ) = − cot 2 x + 1 dx )
dx n −1 C k ( tan x ) 2k +1
n −1
* I=∫ = ∑ 2k + 1
cos 2n x k =0
 ( ) ( )
dx n n −1
* I=∫ = ∫ tan 2 x + 1 .dx = ∫ tan 2 x + 1 .d ( tan x )
cos 2n x
n −1 n −1 Ck ( tan x ) 2k +1
2k n −1
=∫ ∑ Ckn −1 ( tan x ) .d ( tan x ) = ∑
k =0 k =0 2k + 1

dx cos x.dx
* I=∫ =∫ Put u = cos x ⇒ du = − sin x.dx,
2n +1 2n + 2
( cos x ) ( cos x )
( ) ( )
dx n +1 n
dv = ⇒ v = ∫ tan 2 x + 1 .dx = ∫ tan 2 x + 1 .d ( tan x )
( cos x ) 2n + 2
n n Ck tan 2k +1 x
v=∫ ∑ Ckn tan 2k x.d ( tan x ) = ∑ n
( False )
k =0 k =0 2k + 1

dx n −1 Ck ( cot x ) 2k +1
n −1
* I=∫ =−∑
sin 2n x k =0 2k + 1

( ) ( ) ( )
dx n n −1
* I=∫ = ∫ cot 2 x + 1 dx = − ∫ cot 2 x + 1 d ( cot x ) d ( cot x ) = − cot 2 x + 1
sin 2n x
n −1 n −1 C k ( cot x ) 2k +1
2k n −1
= −∫ ∑ Ckn −1 ( cot x ) .d ( cot x ) = − ∑
k =0 k =0 2k + 1

* I = ∫ cos 3x.cos 2x.cos x.dx

1
* I = ∫ cos 3x.cos 2x.cos x.dx = ( cos 4x + cos 2x ) cos 2x.dx
2∫
1
2
( 1
)
= ∫ cos 4x.cos 2x + cos 2 2x .dx = ∫ ( cos 6x + cos 2x + 1 + cos 4x ) dx
4
1  sin 6x sin 4x sin 2x 
=  + + + x + C
4 6 4 2 

* I = ∫ sin 4 x.dx và J = ∫ cos 4 x.dx

 2
4  1 − cos 2x 
* ∫ sin x.dx = ∫ 
 2
1 2
(
 .dx = ∫ cos 2x − 2.cos 2x + 1 dx
 4
)
1 1 x 1 1 + cos 4x sin 2x x
= ∫ cos 2 2xdx − ∫ cos 2xdx + = ∫ dx − +
4 2 4 4 2 4 4
1 sin 4x  sin 2x x sin 4x sin 2x 3x
= x + − + = − + +C
8 4  4 4 32 4 8
2
4  1 + cos 2x 
* ∫ cos x.dx = ∫ 
 2
1 2
(
 .dx = ∫ cos 2x + 2.cos 2x + 1 dx
 4
)
1 1 x 1 1 + cos 4x sin 2x x
= ∫ cos 2 2xdx + ∫ cos 2xdx + = ∫ dx + +
4 2 4 4 2 4 4
1 sin 4x  sin 2x x sin 4x sin 2x 3x
= x + + + = + + +C
8 4  4 4 32 4 8

* I = ∫ cos 5x.tgx.dx
* I = ∫ cos 5x.tgx.dx = ∫ ( ( cos 5x + cos 3x ) − ( cos 3x + cos x ) + cos x ) .tgx.dx
sin x
= ∫ ( 2cos 4x.cos x − 2 cos 2x.cos x + cos x ) . .dx
cos x
= ∫ ( 2cos 4x.sin x − 2 cos 2x.sin x + sin x ) dx
= ∫ ( sin 5x − sin 3x − ( sin 3x − sin x ) + sin x ) .dx = ∫ ( sin 5x − 2sin 3x + 2sin x ) .dx
− cos5x 2 cos 3x
⇒ I = ∫ cos 5x.tgx.dx = + − 2cos x + C
5 3

π /3
dx
* I= ∫ 4 3 5
π /4 sin x cos x

π
π /3 x=
⇒ t =1
dx dx 4
* I= ∫ dat t = tgx ⇒ dt =
4 3
π /4 sin x cos x
5 cos 2 x x = π ⇒ t = 3
3
dx dx dx
π /3 2 π /3 2 π /3 2 3 3 −3
cos x cos x dt
Vay I = ∫ = ∫ = ∫ cos x = ∫ = ∫ t 4 dt
4 3 5 3 5 4 3 4 3
π /4 sin x cos x π /4 4 sin x cos x π /4 tg x 1 t 1
cos 2 x cos8 x
 3
 − 3 +1 

( ) (
t 4 
)
3
=  =  4.4 t  = 4 4 3 −1 = 4 8 3 −1
3
 − + 1  1
 4 1

1
* I = ∫ sin π x dx ( )
0

1
* I = ∫ sin π x dx ( ) Dat t = x ⇔ x = t 2 ⇔ dx = 2tdt.
0
1
x =0⇒ t =0
Vay I = ∫ sin ( πt ) 2tdt
x =1⇒ t =1
0
du = 2dt
u = 2t 
dat  ⇒ 1
dv = sin ( πt ) dt  v = ∫ sin ( πt ) dt = − π cos ( πt )

1 1
 2  2 2 2 1 2
I =  − t cos ( πt )  + ∫ cos ( πt ) dt = + sin ( πt )  =
 π 0 π 0 π π2 0 π

π /2
* I= ∫ cos5 x cos 7xdx
0

π /2
* I= ∫ cos5 x.cos 7x.dx
0
π /2 π /2 π/2
I= ∫ cos x.cos ( 6x + x ) .dx =
5
∫
5
cos 6x.cos x.cos x.dx − ∫ sin 6x.cos5 x.sin x.dx = J − K
0 0 0
du = −6sin x.cos5 x.dx
u = cos6 x 
Tính J : dat  ⇒ 1
dv = cos 6x.dx  v = ∫ cos 6x.dx = sin 6x
 6
π /2 π /2
1 
J =  sin 6x.cos6 x  + ∫ sin 6x.cos5 x.sin x.dx = K Vay I = J − K = 0
6 0 0
 π /2 3
cot x. sin 3 x − sin xdx
* I= ∫ sin 3 x
π /3

sin 3 x − sin x
π /2 3 3
cot x. sin x − sin xdx
π /2 cot x.
3
3
sin x (
π /2 cot x.3 1 − 1 + cot 2 x ) dx
* I= ∫ sin 3 x
= ∫ sin 2 x
dx = ∫ sin 2 x
π /3 π /3 π /3
π 1
π /2 3 x= ⇒t=
cot x. − cot 2 x −dx 3 3
= ∫ sin 2 x
dx dat t = cot x ⇒ dt =
sin 2 x π
π /3 x= ⇒t=0
2
1
0 1/ 3 5  33 t 8  3 39
3 2 33 1
A= t − t ( −dt ) =
∫ 
− t dt = −
3
∫  =− =−
 8  8 81 24
1/ 3 0  0

* I = ∫ sin ( ln x ) dx, J = ∫ cos ( ln x ) dx

* I = ∫ sin ( ln x ) dx, J = ∫ cos ( ln x ) dx

cos ( ln x )
I = ∫ sin ( ln x ) dx dat u = sin ( ln x ) , dv = dx ⇒ du = ,v=x
x
⇒ I = ∫ sin ( ln x ) dx = x.sin ( ln x ) − ∫ cos ( ln x ) dx = x.sin ( ln x ) − J
J = ∫ cos ( ln x ) dx = x.cos ( ln x ) + I
x
I + J = x.sin ( ln x ) + x.cos ( ln x ) − J + I ⇒ J = ∫ cos ( ln x ) dx =
2
( sin ( ln x ) + cos ( ln x ) )
x
I = ∫ sin ( ln x ) dx =
2
( sin ( ln x ) − cos ( ln x ) )

a.sin x + b.cos x
* I=∫ dx
c.sin x + d.cos x

a.sin x + b.cos x
* I=∫ dx
c.sin x + d.cos x
 Put a.sin x + b.cos x = A ( c.sin x + d.cos x ) + B ( c.sin x + d.cos x ) '

 = A ( c.sin x + d.cos x ) + B ( c.cos x − d.sin x )
= sin x ( Ac − Bd ) + cos x ( Ad + Bc ) = a.sin x + b.cos x
  Ac − Bd = a ⇒ Ac2 − Bcd = ac
⇒
 Ad + Bc = b ⇒ Ad 2 + Bcd = bd
⇒ A c2 + d 2 = ac + bd ⇔ A = (
ac + bd
c2 + d 2
)
Acd − Bd 2 = ad, Acd + Bc2 = bc ⇒ B c2 + d 2 = bc − ad ⇒ B = (
bc − ad
c2 + d 2
)
'
A ( c.sin x + d.cos x ) + B ( c.sin x + d.cos x )
⇒I=∫ dx = A.x + B.ln c.sin x + d.cos x
c.sin x + d.cos x
a.sin x + b.cos x  ac + bd   bc − ad 
⇒I=∫ dx =   x + .ln c.sin x + d.cos x
c.sin x + d.cos x 2 2 2 2
c +d  c +d 

n 2m +1
* I = ∫ ( sin x ) . ( cos x ) dx

( )
n 2m +1 n m
* I = ∫ ( sin x ) . ( cos x ) dx = ∫ ( sin x ) . 1 − sin 2 x d ( sin x )

( )
m m
n 2 k k 2k + n
= ∫ ( sin x ) . Cm − sin x .d ( sin x ) = . Ckm ( −1) ( sin x )
∑ k
∫∑ .d ( sin x )
k =0 k =0
m C k ( −1) k 2k + n +1
( sin x )
= ∑ m
2k + n + 1
k =0

( )
n 2m +1 n m
* I = ∫ ( cos x ) . ( sin x ) dx = − ∫ ( cos x ) . 1 − cos2 x d ( cos x )

( )
m m
2 k k +1
= ∫ ( cos x )
n
. Cm − cos x .d ( cos x ) = . Ckm ( −1)
∑ k
( cos x ) 2k +n .d ( cos x )
∫∑
k =0 k =0
m C k ( −1) k +1 2k + n +1
( cos x )
= ∑ m
2k + n + 1
k =0

n + m −1 Ck 2k − 2n +1 
dx + − . ( tan x )
* I=∫ = ∑  n m 1 
k =0  2k − 2n + 1 
2n 2m
( sin x ) . ( cos x ) 
 dx tan 2 x 1
* I=∫ sin 2 x = tan 2 x.cos 2 x = , cos 2 x =
( sin x ) 2n . ( cos x ) 2m 1 + tan 2 x 1 + tan 2 x

( )
n + m −1
dx d ( tan x ) t2 + 1 dt
set tan x = t ⇒ dt = ⇒I=∫ =∫
2 n
cos x  tan 2 x   1 
m −1 t 2n
  . 
 1 + tan 2 x   1 + tan 2 x 
 

n + m −1
∑ Ckn + m−1t 2k .dt
n + m −1 n + m −1  C k .t 2k −2n +1 
=∫ k =0
t 2n
=∫ ∑
k =0
( Ckn + m −1t 2k −2n .dt = ) ∑
k =0 


n + m −1
2k − 2n + 1



n + m −1 Ck 2k − 2n +1 
dx + − . ( tan x )
⇒I=∫ = ∑  n m 1 
k =0  2k − 2n + 1 
2n 2m
( sin x ) . ( cos x ) 

n + m  Ck 2k − 2n 
dx + ( tan x )
* I=∫
2n +1 2m +1
= ∑  n m 
( sin x ) . ( cos x ) k =0  2k − 2n 

dx
* I=∫
( sin x ) 2n +1 .( cos x ) 2m+1
2 2 2 tan 2 x 1 dx
sin x = tan x.cos x = , cos 2 x = set tan x = t ⇒ dt =
1 + tan 2 x 1 + tan 2 x cos 2 x
dx d ( tan x )
⇒I=∫ =∫
( sin x ) 2n +1 .( cos x ) 2m−1 .cos2 x  tan 2 x 
n+
1
2 
m−
1
1  2
  . 
 1 + tan 2 x   1 + tan 2 x 
 

n +m

( ) ∑ Ckn + m .t 2k .dt
n+m
t2 + 1 dt n +m n + m  Ck ( tan x )
2k − 2n 
+
=∫ =∫ k =0 =∫ ∑ Ckn + m t 2k −2n −1.dt = ∑  n m 
2n +1 2n +1
t t k =0 k =0  2k − 2n 

n +m  Ck 2k − 2n 
dx + ( tan x )
⇒I=∫
2n +1 2m +1
= ∑ n m 
( sin x ) . ( cos x ) k =0  2k − 2n 


1
dx a
*I= ∫ 2
= ( 0 < a < π)
2
−1 x − 2x.cos a + 1
 1
dx a
*I= ∫ 2
= ( 0 < a < π)
2
−1 x − 2x.cos a + 1
1
Vì 0 < a < π nen hàm so f ( x ) = lien tuc trong [−1,1]
2
x − 2x.cos a + 1
2
doi bien : t = x − cos a, dt = dx, x 2 − 2x.cos a + 1 = ( t + cos a ) − 2cos a ( t + cos a ) + 1 =
= t 2 + 2t.cos a + cos 2 a − 2t.cos a − 2 cos 2 a + 1 = t 2 + sin 2 a

1−cos a 1−cos a
 1
dt  t 
I= ∫ t 2 + sin 2 a =  sin a .arctan  sin a 
−1−cos a −1−cos a
1   1 − cos a   1 + cos a  
=  arctan   + arctan  
sin a   sin a   sin a  
  a
2sin 2
 dx 1 x 1 − cos a 2 = tan a
∫ 2 = .arctg because =
(
 x +a

2 a
) a 

sin a 2sin
a
2
.cos
a
2
2

 1 − cos a   a a
⇒ arctan   = arctan  tan =
 sin a   2 2

a
2 cos 2
1 + cos a a 2  1 + cos a   a π a
= = cot ⇒ arctan   = arctan  cot  = −
sin a a a 2  sin a   2 2 2
2sin .cos
2 2
1 a π a π
⇒I=  + − =
sin a  2 2 2  2sin a

1
π
* / ∫ log x.arcsin x.dx = − +1
2
0

Intergrating by part, noting that : ∫ log x.dx = x. ( log x − 1) + C

x
u = arcsin x ⇒ du = , dv = ∫ log x.dx ⇒ v = x. ( log x − 1)
2
1− x
x ( log x − 1)
I = x ( log x − 1) .arcsin x − ∫ .dx
2
1− x
− x.dx
Make the substitution u = 1 − x 2 ⇒ du =
1 − x2
I = x. ( log x − 1) .arcsin x + ∫  log 1 − u 2 − 1 .du
 
1
I = x. ( log x − 1) .arcsin x − u + ∫ ( log ( 1 − u ) + log ( 1 + u ) ) .du
2
1 1
= x. ( log x − 1) .arcsin x − 1 − x 2 − ( 1 − u ) . ( log ( 1 − u ) − 1) + ( 1 + u ) . ( log ( 1 + u ) + 1) + C
2 2
I = ∫ log x.arcsin x.dx = x. ( log x − 1) .arcsin x − 1 − x 2
1   1  
−  1 − 1 − x 2   log  1 − 1 − x 2  − 1 +  1 + 1 − x 2   log  1 + 1 − x 2  − 1 + C
2     2    
1 1
 2 π
⇒ ∫ log x.arcsin x.dx = − arcsin1 − 1 − x = − +1
 0 2
0

 π 
*/ I = ∫
dx
=
x + 1− x 2
1
( 1− x − x −) 1
2 2
1
log  tan  θ +   + C
 2 4 

Use the substitution x = sin 2 θ so that dx = 2cos θ.sin θ.dθ = sin 2θ.dθ
sin 2θ
⇒I=∫ .dθ, Now (sin θ + cos θ)2 = 1 + 2sin 2θ
sin θ + cos θ
1  1  1 1 1
⇒ I = ∫  sin θ + cos θ −  .dθ = ( cos θ − sin θ ) − ∫ .dθ
2  sin θ + cos θ  2 2 2 sin  θ + π 
 
 4

x = sin 2 θ ⇒ sin θ = x ⇒ θ = arcsin ( x)

cos θ = 1 − sin 2 θ = 1 − sin 2 ( arcsin ( x ) ) = 1− x

 π 
I=
1
2
( )
1− x − x −
1
2 2
1
log  tan  θ +   + C
 2 4 

*/ I = ∫
1+ x
x 1+ x
.dx = 4(u − tanh −1 u) = 4 ( 1 + x − tanh −1 1 + x + C )
( a + x ) .dx =
'
dx
Use the substitution u = a + x so that du =
2 a+ x 4 x a+ x
a + x(u) u2  a 
⇒ I = 4∫ .du = 4 ∫ .du = 4 ∫  1 +  .du
x(u) u2 − a  u2 − a 

(
I = 4 u − a. tanh −1 u = 4) ( a + x − a. tanh −1 a + x )
 sin x 1 sin x − 1 2 2 sin x − 1
*/ I = ∫ dx = ln − ln +C
sin 4x 8 sin x + 1 8 2 sin x + 1

sin x 1 sin x 1 dx
*/ I = ∫ dx = ∫ dx = ∫
sin 4x 2 sin 2x.cos 2x 4 cos x cos 2x

1
= ∫
sin 2 x + cos2 x
2 2
1 2 cos x − cos x − sin x
dx = ∫
2
dx
( )
(
4 cos x cos2 x − sin 2 x 4 )
cos x cos2 x − sin 2 x ( )
1 cos x 1 dx 1 cos x 1 cos x
2 ∫ cos2 x − sin 2 x 4 ∫ cos x 2 ∫ 1 − 2sin 2 x 4 ∫ cos2 x
= dx − = dx − dx

1 cos x 1 cos x 1 d ( sin x ) 2 d 2 sin x ( )

2∫ 4 ∫ sin 2 x − 1 4 ∫ sin 2 x − 1 4 ∫ 2 sin x 2 − 1
=− dx + dx = −
( ) ( )
2
2 sin x −1

1 sin x − 1 2 2 sin x − 1
= ln − ln + C.
8 sin x + 1 8 2 sin x + 1

* / I = ∫ tan −1 x − 1.dx = ∫ arctan ( x − 1 .dx )

'
4 1 −4. ( cos θ ) 4.sin θ
Put x = sec θ = ⇒ dx = = = 4sec4θ.tanθ.dθ
cos4 θ cos5 θ cos5 θ

arctan ( )
x − 1 = arctan
1
cos2 θ
− 1 = arctan
sin 2 θ
cos2 θ
= arctan ( tan θ ) = θ

I = ∫ 4θ.sec4θ.tanθ.dθ

Put tan θ = t ⇒ θ = arctan t,

dθ
cos2 θ
2 2
(
= ( sec θ ) .dθ = dt, ( sec θ ) = 1 + tan 2 θ = 1 + t 2 ) ( )
( )
I = 4 ∫ t. 1 + t 2 .arctan t.dt = 4 ∫ t + t 3 .arctan t.dt ( )
Using Integration by parts: u = arctan t, dv = t + t 3 .dt ( )
 t2 t4 
⇒ du =
dt
1 + t2
,v=∫ ( 3
)
t + t .dt =  + 
2 4
 
  t2 t4  1  t2 t4   2 t 2+t 2
( 2
) .dt
I = 4  arctan t.  +  − ∫

    
2
.  +  dt  = t 2 + t . arctan t − ∫
 2 4  1 + t2  2 4   1 + t2
( )


Let I1 = ∫
(
t2 2 + t2 ) .dt = ( 1 + 1 + t2 ) t2 .dt = t2 2
1+ t 2 ∫ 1+ t 2 ∫ 1 + t 2 .dt + ∫ t .dt

dt  2 t3 
I1 = ∫ 1.dt − ∫ + ∫ t .dt =  t − arctan t + 
1 + t2  3 


(
t2 2 + t2 ) .dt = t2 2 + t2 . arctan t −  t − arctan t + t3  + C
⇒I=t 2
( 2 + t ) . arctan t − ∫
2
1 + t2
( ) 
 3 

t3
2
( 2
)
= t 2 + t . arctan t + arctan t − − t + C
3
Resubstituing t = tan θ
tan 3θ
(
⇒ I = θ.tan 2θ. tan 2θ + 2 + θ − tanθ − ) 3
+C

( )
Now put θ = sec−1 x1/4 , x1/4 = sec θ =
1
cos θ
, θ = 0 ⇒ sec θ = x = 1

π
θ = π ⇒ sec θ = x1/4 = −1 = i 2 ⇒ x = i8 , θ = ⇒ sec θ = x1/4 = 2 ⇒ x = 4
4
i8 π
 tan 3θ 
⇒I= ∫ tan
−1 2 2
(
x − 1.dx = θ.tan θ. tan θ + 2 + θ − tanθ −
 3
 =π
 0
)
1
4 π /4
 tan 3θ 
I = ∫ tan −1 x − 1.dx =  θ.tan 2 θ. tan 2 θ + 2 + θ − tanθ −

 3
( 
 0
)
1
3π π 1 4
= + −1 − = π −
4 4 3 3
 x x x  sin ( x / 2 )   x
2
Let tan = t, sin x = 2sin .cos = 2   /  cos 
2 2 2  cos ( x / 2 )   2
'
 x  x
= 2  tan  /  1 + tan 2  =
2t  x  x
, dt =  tan  .dx = 1 + tan 2  .dx = 1 + t 2 .dx ( )
 2  2  1 + t2  ( 2 ) 2

−4 −4
   2
( )
( ) ( ) +
dx −1 1 + 2t  − 1  t 1 
⇒I=∫ =∫ 1 + t2 .dt = ∫ 1 + t2 .dt
( 1 + sin x ) 4 


1 + t2( ) 



(
 1 + t2 
 ) 


( ) ( )
4 3
 1 + t2  1 + t2
=∫ ( 1+ t )
2 −1 


2
 ( t + 1) 
.dt = ∫
( t + 1) 8
.dt
 

 16 48 72 64 36 12 2 
=∫  − + − + − + .dt
 ( t + 1) 8 ( t + 1) 7 ( t + 1) 6 ( t + 1) 5 ( t + 1) 4 ( t + 1) 3 ( t + 1) 2 
 
16 8 72 16
=− + − +
7 6 5 4
 x   x   x   x 
7  tan + 1  tan + 1 5  tan + 1  tan + 1
 2   2   2   2 
12 6 2
− + − +C
3 2 x
 x   x  tan + 1
 tan + 1  tan + 1 2
 2   2 

1 3 1 3 3
* / I = ∫ 3 tan x.dx = − ln tan 2 x + 1 + ln tan 4 x − tan 2 x + 1
2 4

3  23 tan 2 x − 1 
+ .arctan  +C
2  3 
 

* / I = ∫ 3 tan x.dx

( )
tan x = t 3/2 , x = arctan t 3/2 , dx =
3 t.dt
2 t3 + 1
⇒ ∫ 3 tan x.dx = ∫
3 t.dt
2 t3 + 1
t
=
t
=
A
+
Bt + C
⇔ t = t 2 − t + 1 A + ( t + 1) ( Bt + C ) ( )
1+ t 3 2
( 2
)
( t + 1) t − t + 1 t + 1 t − t + 1
1 1 1
t = −1: −1 = 3A ⇔ A = − ; t = 0 : 0 = A + C = − + C ⇔ C = ;
3 3 3
 1  1 1
t = 1: 1 = A + 2 ( B + C ) = − + 2  B +  ⇔ B =
3  3 3
3 t.dt 1 dt 1 t +1 1 1 2t − 1 + 3
2 ∫ t3 + 1 2 ∫ 1 + t 2 ∫ t2 − t + 1 4 ∫ t2 − t + 1
= − + dt = − ln 1 + t + dt
2
1 1 dt
= − ln 1 + t + ln t 2 − t + 1 + 3∫
2 4 4t 2 − 4t + 1 + 3

−1
1 1   2t − 1 2 
2
= − ln 1 + t + ln t − t + 1 + ∫   + 1 .dt
2 4   3  
 
 2t − 1 
d 
1 1 2 3  3 
2 ∫  2t − 1 2
= − ln 1 + t + ln t − t + 1 +
2 4
  +1
 3 
1 1 3  2t − 1 
= − ln 1 + t + ln t 2 − t + 1 + .arctan  +C
2 4 2  3 
1 3 1 3 3  2 3 tan 2 x − 1 
2 4 3 2
= − ln tan x + 1 + ln tan x − tan x + 1 + .arctan  +C
2 4 2  3 
 

dx
*/ I = ∫
xn − an

 2π+ 2kπ 
i 
dx  n 
x n − a n = 0 ⇒ x = a n .1 = a. e2πi = a.e
n n
I=∫
xn − an
 2kπ 
i 
 n   2kπ 2kπ 
= a.e ⇒ x k = a  cos + i.sin 
 n n 
n
With k :1..n ( replace k by 1 to n ) ⇒ 1 + x n = ∏ ( x − x k )
k =1
wn = z z = r.eiθ w = p.eiϕ ⇒ p n .einϕ = r.e ⇒ pn = r va nϕ = θ + k2π ( k ∈ Z )
iθ

 θ+ 2kπ 
i 
So the nth root of z is the n complex values : w k = n r.e  n  , k = 0, 1, 2, 3...n − 1
With n r is the unique real root.
 1 Ak  n  n  xn − an 
We find the expression in form : = ∑  ⇒ 1 = ∑ Ak . 
x n − a n k =1 x − x k  
k =1  x − x k 
For calculating A k with k :1..n, we regard x → x k and then:
xn − an  0 
lim = n.x nk −1 '
 form , using LHospital 
x →x k x − x k  0 
n  xn − an  1
n −1
⇒ lim ∑  A k .  = A k .n.x k = 1 ⇒ A k = voi k :1..n
x → x k k =1  x − x k  n.x nk −1
The other coefficients = 0 because x k is the solution of equation x n − a n = 0
Sustituing the cofficients into the expression, we get:
Thế các hệ số vào biểu thức, ta có
n  A n  
1
= ∑ k = 1 
 x k = a cos 
2kπ   2kπ  
 ∑   + i.sin  
x n + a n k =1 x − x k  k =1 n.x nk −1 ( x − x k )    n   n 

1   ( 1 − n ) ( 2kπ )   ( 1 − n ) ( 2kπ )  
⇒ = x k1−n = a1−n  cos   + i.sin  
x k n −1   n   n  
  ( n − 1) ( 2kπ )   ( n − 1) ( 2kπ ) 
= a1−n  cos   − i.sin  
  n   n  

 2kπ ( n − 1)   n2kπ 2kπ 

cos   = cos  − 
 n   n n 
 2kπ   2kπ   2kπ 
= cos ( 2kπ ) .cos   + sin ( 2kπ ) .sin   = cos  
 n   n   n 
( cos ( 2kπ) = 1, sin ( 2kπ ) = 0 )
 2kπ ( n − 1)   n2kπ 2kπ 
sin   = sin  − 
 n   n n 
 2kπ   2kπ   2kπ 
= sin ( 2kπ ) .cos   − cos ( 2kπ ) .sin   = − sin  
 n   n   n 
 1   2kπ   2kπ  
⇒ = a1−n  cos   + i.sin  
x k n −1   n   n 
 1− n   2kπ   2kπ   
n   n  a cos
  n  + i.sin   
1 1
= ∑     n  
⇒ = ∑
x n − a n k =1 n.x nk −1 ( x − x k )  k =1    2kπ   2kπ    
 
n x − a cos
  n  + i.sin    
      n    
   2kπ   2kπ   
  cos   + i.sin    
dx a1−n n    n   n  dx
⇒∫ = ∫ ∑
n k =1 
xn − an   2kπ   2kπ    
  x − a cos   + i.sin     
   n   n   

n 
1  2kπ   2kπ     2kπ   2kπ  
n −1 ∑ 
= cos   + i.sin   .ln x − a  cos   + i.sin  
n.a k =1   n   n    n   n 
n
1  2i.kπ   2i.kπ 
n −1 ∑
= exp  .ln x − a.exp  
n.a k =1  n   n 

With n = 4:
dx 1 4   2kπ   2kπ     2kπ   2kπ  
I=∫ = ∑ cos
   + i.sin   .ln x − a cos
  4  + i.sin  
x 4 − a 4 4.a 3 k =1   4   4      4 
i.π
 2π   2π   4π   4π 
cos   + i.sin   = e 2 = i, cos   + i.sin   = ei.π = −1,
 4   4   4   4 
i.π
 6π   6π   8π   8π 
cos   + i.sin   = e3π/2 = −i, cos   + i.sin   = e 2 = 1
 4   4   4   4 
dx 1
⇒I=∫ = i.ln x − a.i − i.ln x + a.i + ln x − a − ln x + a 
3 3 3
x −a 4a
1  x − a.i x−a 
=  i.ln + ln
4a 3  x + a.i x + a 

Check the result:

 '
 1  x − a.i x − a  i 1
 = 3 ( ln x − a.i − ln x + a.i ) + 3 ( ln x − a − ln x + a )
' '
 3 i.ln + ln 
 4a  x + a.i x + a   4a 4a
i  1 1  1  1 1  i 2a.i 1 2a
=  −  +  −  = . + .
4a 3  x − a.i x + a.i  4a 3  x − a x + a  4a 3 x 2 + a 2 4a 3 x 2 − a 2
1  1 1  1
=  −  =
2a 2  x 2 − a 2 x 2 + a 2  x 4 − a 4

4 
dx 1  2kπ   2kπ   1/4   2kπ   2kπ  
3/4 ∑ 
I=∫ = cos   + i.sin   .ln x − i  cos   + i.sin  
x 4 − i 4.i k =1   4   4    4   4 
dx 1 
⇒I=∫ = i.ln x − i1/4 .i − i.ln x + i1/4 .i + ln x − i1/4 − ln x + i1/4 
x 4 − i 4.i3/4  
  5i.π   i.π  
 x − exp   x − exp  
1  x − i5/4 x − i1/ 4  1  8   8 
= i.ln + ln =  i.ln + ln
4.i3/4  x + i5/4 x + i1/4  4.exp  3i.π    5i.π 
x + exp 
 i.π  
x + exp   
  
 8   8   8 
π π  i.π   i.π 
i = cos + i.sin = exp   ⇒ i1/4 = exp  
2 2  2   8 

 x − ( −i )
5/4
x − ( −i )
1/4 
dx dx 1  
I=∫ =∫ = i.ln + ln
4
x +i x − ( −i ) 4. ( −i )
4 3/4 
 x + ( −i )
5/4
x + ( −i )
1/4 

  5i.π   i.π  
 x − exp  −  x − exp  −  
1  8  + ln  8 
= i.ln
 3i.π    5i.π   i.π  
4.exp  −  x + exp  −  x + exp  −  
 8   8   8 
  5i.π   i.π  
 x.exp   − 1 x.exp   − 1 
1  3i.π    8   8  
= exp   i.ln + ln
4  8    5i.π   i.π  
 x.exp   + 1 x.exp   + 1 
  8   8  
 π  π  i.π   i.π 
−i = cos  −  + i.sin  −  = exp  −  ⇒ i1/4 = exp  − 
 2  2  2   8 
  4 tan x − exp  5i.π  4 tan x − exp  i.π  
1     
4
* / I = ∫ tan x.dx =  i.ln  8 
+ ln  8 
 3i.π   4 tan x + exp  5i.π  4 tan x + exp  i.π  
2.exp      
 8   8   8 
 4 tan x .exp  5i.π  − 1 4 tan x .exp  i.π  − 1 
     
1  3i.π    8   8  
+ exp   i.ln + ln
2  8  4 tan x .exp  5i.π  4 tan x .exp  i.π  
   +1   +1 
  8   8  

* / I = ∫ 4 tan x.dx

4t 3 .dt t 4 .dt
4
tan x = t , x = arctan t ( ) , dx = t8 + 1
4 4
∫
⇒ tan x.dx = 4 ∫t
8
+1
t4 t4
= =
A
+
B
( ) (
⇔ t4 = A t4 − i + B t4 + i )
8
t +1 ( 4
t +i t −i )( 4
) 4
t +i 4
t −i

1
⇒ A + B = 1, − A + B = 0 ⇒ A = B =
2

t 4 .dt 1 dt 1 dt 
⇒ I = 4∫ = 4 ∫ + ∫ 
t8 + 1  2 t4 + i 2 t4 − i 
  5i.π   i.π  
 t − exp   t − exp   
2  8  + ln  8 
= i.ln
 3i.π    5i.π   i.π  
4.exp   t + exp   t + exp   
 8   8   8 
  5i.π   i.π  
 t.exp   −1 t.exp   − 1 
2  3i.π    8   8  
+ exp   i.ln + ln
4  8   5i.π   
i.π 
 t.exp   +1 t.exp   + 1 
  8   8  

 4 tan x − exp  5i.π  4 tan x − exp  i.π  

1     
4
⇒ I = ∫ tan x.dx = i.ln  8  + ln  8 
 3i.π   4 tan x + exp  5i.π  4 tan x + exp  i.π  
2.exp      
 8   8   8 
 4 tan x .exp  5i.π  − 1 4 tan x .exp  i.π  − 1 
     
1  3i.π    8   8  
+ exp   i.ln + ln
2  8  4 tan x .exp  5i.π  4 tan x .exp  i.π  
   +1   +1 
  8   8  
x = pi/2;
y1 = log ([ (tan(x))^(1/4) - exp(5i*pi/8) ] / [ (tan(x))^(1/4) + exp(5i*pi/8) ])
y2 = log ( [ (tan(x))^(1/4) - exp(i*pi/8) ] / [ (tan(x))^(1/4) + exp(i*pi/8) ] )
y3 = (1/2)*[ 1/exp(3i*pi/8) ]*(i*y1 +y2)
y4 = log ([ (tan(x))^(1/4) * exp(5i*pi/8) - 1] / [ (tan(x))^(1/4) * exp(5i*pi/8) + 1 ])
y5 = log ( [ (tan(x))^(1/4) * exp(i*pi/8) - 1] / [ (tan(x))^(1/4) * exp(i*pi/8) + 1 ] )
y6 = (1/2)*[ exp(3i*pi/8) ]*(i*y4 +y5)
y7 = y3 + y6

π /2
1/4
∫ ( tan x ) .dx = 0
0

2
*/ I = ∫ tan x.dx = ln ( tan x ) + 1

* / I = ∫ tan x.dx
dt t.dt
tan x = t, x = arctan t , dx = ⇒ ∫ tan x.dx = ∫
t2 + 1 t2 + 1
= ln t 2 + 1 = ln tan 2 x + 1

cos 7x − cos8x
*/ I = ∫ .dx
1 + 2 cos 5x
cos 7x − cos8x
I=∫ .dx
1 + 2 cos 5x
sin 5x(cos 7x − cos8x)
Multiply and divide by sin 5x = ∫ .dx
sin 5x + sin10x
 5x   5x  15x x
2sin   .cos   2sin .sin 
 2   2  2 2  5x  x
=∫ .dx = 2 ∫ sin   .sin   dx
 15x   5x   2  2
2sin   .cos  
 2   2 
sin 2x sin 3x
= ∫ ( cos 2x − cos 3x ) .dx = −
2 3

x3
*/ I = ∫
x 2 + 2x + 5
.dx =
1 2
6
( )  x +1
x + 2x + 5. 2x 2 − 5x − 5 + 5.arg sinh 
 2 

 x3
*/ I = ∫ .dx
2
x + 2x + 5
eu − e − u
Let x + 1 = 2sinh u ⇒ dx = 2 cosh u.du, sinh u =
2
1  1
( ) ( ) ( )
2 1 2
⇒ sinh 2 u + 1 =  eu − e− u + 4  = e2u − 2 + e−2u + 4 = eu + e− u = cosh 2 u
4  4 4
 eu − e−u  eu + e− u
∫ sinh u.du = ∫  2  .du =
 2
= cosh u
 
1  e2u e−2u  1
2
∫ sinh u.du =
1
4∫
( 2u
e +e −2u
)
− 2 .du = 
4  2
−
2
− 2u  = ( sinh 2u − 2u )
 4


( x + 1 − 1) 3 ( 2sinh u − 1) 3 .2 cosh u.du ( 2sinh u − 1) 3 .2cosh u.du

I=∫ .dx = ∫ =∫
2 2 2cosh u
( x + 1) +4 4sinh u + 4

( )
3 3
= ∫ ( 2sinh u − 1) .du = ∫ 8sinh 3 u − 3 ⋅ 2sinh u ( 2sinh u − 1) − 1 .du

( ( ) )
3
= ∫ 8sinh u. sinh 2 u + 1 − 1 − 12sinh 2 u + 6sinh u − 1 .du

( )
3
= ∫ 8sinh u.cosh 2 u − 12sinh 2 u + 6sinh u − 8sinh u − 1 .du
8
= .cosh 3 u − 3. ( sinh 2u − 2u ) − 2 cosh u − u
3
( sinh 2 u + 1 = cosh 2 u )
8
= . cosh 3 u − 3.sinh 2u − 2 cosh u + 5u
3

 x +1
x + 1 = 2sinh u ⇒ u = arg sinh  
 2 
  x + 1 2  2
3 2
(
cosh u = cosh u.cosh u = 1 + sinh u . 1 + sinh u = 1 + 
  2  
2
)  x +1
. 1 + 


2 
2

 
1
(
= x 2 + 2x + 5 .
4
1 2
2
x + 2x + 5 )
1 1
(
sinh 2u = 2sinh u.cosh u = e x − e− x e x + e− x = e2x − e−2x
2 2
)( ) ( )
2
 x +1 1
sinh 2u = 2sinh u. 1 + sinh u = ( x + 1) . 1 +  2
 = ( x + 1) . x + 2x + 5
2
 2  2
 8
⇒ I = .cosh 3 u − 3.sinh 2u − 2 cosh u + 2u
3
1
( ) 3  x +1
= x 2 + 2x + 5 . x 2 + 2x + 5 − ( x + 1) . x 2 + 2x + 5 − x 2 + 2x + 5 + 5.arg sinh 
3 2  2 


=
1 2
6
( )  x +1
x + 2x + 5. 2x 2 + 4x + 10 − 9x − 9 − 6 + 5.arg sinh 
 2 


x 2 + 2x + 5. ( 2x 2 − 5x − 5 ) + 5.arg sinh 
1  x +1
= 
6  2 

' 1
* ( arg sinh x ) = dat y ( x ) = sinh x ⇒ y' ( x ) = cosh x
1 + x2
1 1 1 1 ' 1
⇒ x' ( y) = = = = ⇒ ( arg sinh x ) =
y' ( x ) cosh x 1 + sinh 2 x 1 + y2 1 + x2
dat y ( x ) = cosh x ⇒ y' ( x ) = sinh x
1 1 1 1 ' 1
⇒ x' ( y) = = = = ⇒ ( arg cosh x ) =
y' ( x ) sinh x 2
cosh x − 1 y2 − 1 x2 − 1