S GD-T QUNG BNH

CHNH THC
S BD:..

K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 11 THPT

Ngy 27 3 2013
Mn: Ha
Thi gian 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Bi 1 (2,25 im)
1. Vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng xy ra trong cc th nghim sau (nu c):
a) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch FeSO4.
b) Sc kh etilen vo dung dch KMnO4.
c) Sc kh H2S vo dung dch nc brom.
d) Sc kh O3 vo dung dch KI.
e) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch Fe2(SO4)3.
f) Nung hn hp qung photphorit, ct v than cc 1200oC trong l in.
2. Hon thnh phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng sau (nu c):
to
a) Fe2O3 + HNO3 (c)
b) Cl2O6 + NaOH (d)

c) Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 (long)

d) PCl3 + H2O

CH3COOH

e) Naphtalen + Br2
f) CH3-CCH + HBr (d)

1:1
t
g) C2H5ONa + H2O
h) Etylbenzen + KMnO4

Bi 2 (1,75 im)
1. Ha tan ht 31,89 gam hn hp A gm 2 kim loi Al v Mg trong lng d dung dch HNO 3 long, thu c
10,08 lt (ktc) hn hp kh X (gm NO v N2O) v dung dch Y. T khi hi ca X so vi kh hiro l 59/3. C
cn dung dch Y thu c 220,11 gam mui khan. Tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp A.
2. Trong t nhin Bo c 2 ng v: 10B v 11B. Bit thnh phn % v khi lng ca ng v 11B trong H3BO3
l 14,407%. Tnh % s nguyn t ca mi ng v Bo trong t nhin.
Bi 3 (1,5 im)
1. Vit tt c cc ng phn cu to ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O.
2. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc thc hin chuyn ha sau (bit A, B, C, D l cc sn phm chnh):
H2SO4
c
H 2O
Cl 2 , H 2O
KOH / ancol
H2SO4
c, 170oC
2-brom-2-metylbutan
C
D
A
B
A
Bi 4 (2,0 im)
1. Cht A c cng thc phn t l C7H8. Cho A tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch amoniac d c cht B
kt ta. Phn t khi ca B ln hn ca A l 214. Vit cc cng thc cu to c th c ca A.
2. Hn hp kh X gm 2 anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t chy hon ton 5 lt hn hp X cn
va 18 lt kh oxi (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut).
a) Xc nh cng thc phn t ca 2 anken.
b) Hirat ha hon ton mt th tch X vi iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp ancol Y, trong t l v khi
lng cc ancol bc mt so vi ancol bc hai l 28:15. Xc nh % khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp ancol Y.
Bi 5 (2,5 im)
1. Cho phn ng: C2H6 (k) + 3,5O2 (k)
(1)
2CO2 (k) + 3H2O (l)
Da vo 2 bng s liu sau:
Cht
C2H6 (k)
O2 (k)
CO2 (k)
H2O (l)
0
-1
84,7
0
394
- 285,8
Hs (kJ.mol )
o

Lin kt
Elk (kJ.mol-1)

C-H
C-C
O=O
C=O
H-O
413,82
326,04
493,24
702,24
459,80
-1
Nhit ha hi ca nc l 44 kJ.mol
hy tnh hiu ng nhit ca phn ng (1) theo 2 cch.
2. Haber l mt trong s cc nh ho hc c ng gp quan trng vo phn ng tng hp NH3 t kh H2 v N2.
Trong th nghim 1 ti 472oC, Haber v cng s thu c [H2] = 0,1207M; [N2] = 0,0402M; [NH3] =
0,00272M khi h phn ng t n cn bng. Trong th nghim 2 ti 500 oC, ngi ta thu c hn hp cn
bng c p sut ring phn ca H2 l 0,733 atm; ca N2 l 0,527 atm v ca NH3 l 1,73.10-3 atm.
Phn ng thun: 3H2(k) + N2(k) 2NH3 (k) l phn ng ta nhit hay thu nhit? Ti sao?
3. Hy tnh pH ca dung dch A gm KCN 0,120M; NH3 0,150M v KOH 0,005M. Cho bit pKa ca HCN l
9,35; ca NH +4 l 9,24.
--------------- Ht ---------------

S GD-T QUNG BNH

K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 11 THPT

Ngy 27 - 3 2013
Mn: Ha
HNG DN CHM

Bi 1 (2,25 im)
1. (1,0 im)
a) 3Cl2 + 6FeSO4 2Fe2(SO4)3 + 2FeCl3
b) 3C2H4 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O 3CH2OH-CH2OH + 2MnO2 + 2KOH
c) H2S + Br2 S + 2HBr
d) O3 + 2KI + H2O O2 + I2 + 2KOH
e) SO2 + Fe2(SO4)3 + 2H2O 2FeSO4 + 2H2SO4
1200 C
f) Ca3(PO4)2 + 3SiO2 + 5C
3CaSiO3 + 5CO + 2P
2. (1,25 im)
t
a) Fe2O3 + 6HNO3 (c)
2Fe(NO3)3 + 3H2O
b) Cl2O6 + 2NaOH
NaClO3 + NaClO4 + H2O
c) Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 (long)
Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O
d) PCl3 + 3H2O
H3PO3 + 3HCl
Br
o

(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)

e)

+ Br2

CH3COOH

(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)

+ HBr

(0,25 im)
f) CH3-CCH + 2HBr (d)
CH3-CBr2-CH3
g) C2H5ONa + H2O
C2H5OH + NaOH
h)

CH2CH3

+ 4KMnO4

to

(0,25 im)
COOK

+ K2CO3 + 4MnO2 + KOH + 2H2O

(0,25 im)
Bi 2 (1,75 im)
1. (1,25 im)
t s mol ca NO v N2O ln lt l a v b, ta c:
10,08

a+b=
= 0,45

a = 0,15
22,4

b = 0,3
30a + 44b = 59 .2.0,45 = 17,7

3
t s mol ca Al v Mg ln lt l x v y, ta c: 27x + 24y = 31,89 (1)
Khi cho hn hp A tc dng vi dung dch HNO3:
Al Al3+ + 3e
x
x
3x
2+
Mg Mg + 2e
y
y
2y
+5
N
+ 3e N+2
0,45
0,15
+5
N
+ 4e N+1
2,4
0,6
Nu sn phm kh ch c NO v N2O th:
mmui = 31,89 + 62(0,45 + 2,4) = 208,59 gam < 220,11 gam: V l

(0,25 im)

(0,25 im)

 c mui NH4NO3 to thnh trong dung dch Y.

(0,25 im)
+5
-3
N + 8e N
8z
z
Ta c: 3x +2y = 0,45 + 2,4 + 8z hay 3x + 2y - 8z = 2,85
(2)
Mc khc: 213x + 148y + 80z = 220,11
(3)
Gii h (1), (2), (3) ta c: x = 0,47; y = 0,8; z = 0,02
(0,25 im)
Vy:
0, 47.27.100%
%Al =
= 39,79%
31,89
%Mg = 100% - 39,79% = 60,21%.
(0,25 im)
2. (0,5 im)
Goi % s nguyn t cua ng vi 11B la x % s nguyn t cua ng vi 10B la (1-x).
Ta co: M B = 11x + 10(1-x) = x + 10
11x
14,407
=
Theo bai ra ta co:
(0,25 im)
3 + 16.3 + 10 + x
100
Giai phng trinh trn c x = 0,81.
Vy, trong t nhin:
%11B = 81%
%10B = 100% - 81% = 19%
(0,25 im)
Bi 3 (1,5 im)
1. (0,75 im)
CH2=CH-CH2OH
CH3-CH2-CHO
OH

CH2=CH-OCH3
CH3COCH3
O

(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)

2. (0,75 im)
Cc cht: A: (CH3)2C=CH-CH3, B: (CH3)2C(OSO3H)-CH2-CH3
C: (CH3)2C(OH)-CH2-CH3 v D: (CH3)2C(OH)-CHCl-CH3
ancol
(CH3)2C(Br)-CH2-CH3 + KOH
(CH3)2C=CH-CH3 + KBr + H2O
(CH3)2C=CH-CH3 + HOSO3H (c)
(CH3)2C(OSO3H)-CH2-CH3
(CH3)2C(OSO3H)-CH2-CH3 + H2O
(CH3)2C(OH)-CH2-CH3 + H2SO4
H SO
c, 170 C
(CH3)2C(OH)-CH2-CH3 (CH3)2C=CH-CH3 + H2O
(CH3)2C=CH-CH3 + H2O + Cl2
(CH3)2C(OH)-CHCl-CH3 + HCl
2

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)

Bi 4 (2,0 im)
1. (0,75 im)

Hp cht A (C7H8) tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, l hirocacbon c lin kt
ba u mch c dng R(CCH)x
R(CCH)x + xAgNO3 + xNH3
R(CCAg)x + xNH4NO3
R + 25x
R + 132x
MB MA = (R + 132x) - (R + 25x) = 107x = 214 x = 2
Vy A c dng: HCC-C3H6-CCH
Cc cng thc cu to c th c ca A:

(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)

CH C-CH2-CH2-CH2-C

CH

CH C-CH2-CH-C CH
CH3
CH3

CH C-CH-C

CH

CH C-C-C

CH2CH3

CH

CH3

(0,25 im)
2. (1,25 im)
t cng thc chung ca 2 anken l C n H 2n ( n l s cacbon trung bnh ca 2 anken)
o

t
(1)
2 C n H 2n + 3n O 2
2n CO 2 + 2n H 2O
3n 18
n = 2, 4
=
Ta c:
2
5
Anken duy nht c s nguyn t cacbon < 2,4 l C2H4 v anken k tip l C3H6.
CH2 = CH2 + HOH CH3CH2OH
(2)
CH3CH = CH2 + HOH CH3CH(OH)CH3
(3)
CH3CH = CH2 + HOH CH3CH2CH2OH
(4)
15
%i-C3H 7OH =
= 34,88%
28+15
Gi a, b ln lt l s mol ca C2H4 v C3H6.
Ta c: 2a + 3b = 2,4(a+b) a = 1,5b
Theo cc phn ng (2), (3), (4): s mol H2O = s mol anken = 2,5b
Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:
Khi lng hn hp ancol Y = khi lng hn hp anken X + khi lng nc
= 28.1,5b + 42b + 18.2,5b = 129b gam
1,5b.46
%C 2 H 5OH =
= 53,49%
129b
%n-C3H 7 OH = 100% - 34,88% - 53,49% = 11,63%

(0,25 im)

(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)

(0,25 im)

(0,25 im)

Bi 5 (2,5 im)
1. (0,5 im)
0
0
0
0
H0p- = 2 Hs(CO
+ 3 Hs(H
Hs(C
3,5 Hs(O
2 ,k)
2O,l)
2 H 6 ,k)
2 ,k)
H0p- = 2(394) + 3(285,8) (84,7) 3,5.0 = 1560,7 (kJ)

(0,25 im)

Mt khc: H0p- = 6EC-H + EC-C + 3,5EO=O 4EC=O 6 EO-H 3 H hh

H0p- = 6(413,82) + 326,04 + 3,5(493,24) 4(702,24) 6(459,8) 3(44) = 1164,46 (kJ)

(0,25 im)
2. (1,0 im)
Ti 472 C: K c =
o

[NH 3 ]2
(0,00272) 2
=
= 0,105
[H 2 ]3 .[N 2 ] (0,1207)3 .(0,0402)

K p = K c (RT) n = 0,105[0,082.(472 + 273)]2 = 2,81.10-5

Ti 500 C: K p =
o

p 2NH3
p3H 2 .p N 2

(1,73.10-3 ) 2
= 1,44.10-5 < 2,81.10-5
3
(0,733) .(0,527)

(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)
(0,25 im)

Nhit tng, K p gim phn ng thun l phn ng ta nhit (theo nguyn l ca L Satlie).
(0,25 im)

3. (1,0 im)

HCN + OHCN- + H2O

Kb1 = 10- 4,65

(1)

NH +4 + OHNH3 + H2O
Kb2 = 10- 4,76
(2)

H+ + OHH2O
KW = 10-14
(3)

So snh (1) (3), tnh pH theo KP p dng cho (1) v (2):

[OH-] = CKOH + [HCN] + [ NH +4 ]

(0,25 im)

K [NH3 ]
K b1[CN - ]
-3

t [OH ] = x
x = 5.10 +
+ b2
x
x
x2 - 5.10-3x - (Kb1[CN-] + Kb2[NH3]) = 0
Chp nhn: [CN-] = CCN- = 0,12M ; [NH3] = C NH3 = 0,15M.
Ta c: x2 - 5.10-3x - 5,29.10-6 = 0 x = [OH-] = 5,9.10-3M = 10-2,23M
[H+] = 10-11,77M
-

9,35

(0,25 im)

(0,25 im)

9,24

10
10
0,12 M; [NH3] = 0,15 9,24
0,15 M
11,77
10
+ 10
10
+ 1011,77
Vy cch gii gn ng trn c th chp nhn c pH = 11,77.
(0,25 im)

Kim tra: [CN-] = 0,12

9,35

Lu :
- Th sinh c th gii nhiu cch, nu ng vn c im ti a ty theo im ca tng cu.
- Nu th sinh gii ng trn kt qu ca mt theo yu cu ra th cho im trn m khng cn
tnh im tng bc nh, nu tng gii khng hon chnh, c th cho mt phn ca tng im ti
a dnh cho , im chit phi c t thng nht; im ton bi chnh xc n 0,25 im.