Bi 30:

LU HUNH

Bi 30:

LU HUNH

I/ V TR, CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T II/ TRNG THI T NHIN V TNH CHT VT L III/ TNH CHT HO HC IV/ NG DNG V SN XUT

I/ V TR, CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T

- Cu hnh e ca 8O: .. 1s22s22p4 - V tr trong bng tun hon: - Cu hnh e ca 16S:

1s22s22p63s23p4 ..
- V tr trong bng tun hon: STT : 16 Chu k: 3 Nhm:. VIA VIA Ck2

8 STT : 2 Chu k:

VIA Nhm:.

Ck3

O S

Lu hunh xp di Oxi , thuc cng mt nhm trong bng tun hon.

Bi 30:

LU HUNH

I/ V TR, CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T II/ TRNG THI T NHIN V TNH CHT VT L III/ TNH CHT HO HC IV/ NG DNG V SN XUT

II. Trng thi t nhin v tnh cht vt l

Lu hunh trong t nhin

95,5oC

lu hunh t phng (S)

lu hunh n t (S)

lu hunh t phng (S) v lu hunh n t (S) l hai dng th hnh ca nhau.

II/ TNH CHT VT L

1/ Hai dng th hnh ca lu hunh

Cu to tinh th v tnh cht vt l Lu hunh t phng (S) Lu hunh n t (S) Kt lun

Cu to tinh th Khc nhau

Khi lng ring Nhit nng chy Nhit bn

2,07g/cm3 1130C < 95,50C

1,96g/cm3

Khc nhau

1190C
95,50C 1190 C

Khc nhau
Khc nhau

95,5oC

lu hunh t phng (S)

lu hunh n t (S)

=> Chng khc nhau v cu to tinh th v mt s i lng vt l, nhng tnh cht ha hc ging nhau

II. Trng thi t nhin v tnh cht vt l: 2.nh hng ca nhit i vi cu to ca phn t S

Vy khi nung nng lu hynh nhit cao c xy ra s bin i g khng?

II/ TNH CHT VT L

2/ nh hng ca nhit n tnh cht vt l

Quan st th nghim sau, ghi

nhn s bin i mu sc v
trng thi ca lu hunh trong qu trnh nng chy ?

II/ TNH CHT VT L

2/ nh hng ca nhit n tnh cht vt l

II. Trng thi t nhin v tnh cht vt l: 2. nh hng ca nhit i vi cu to ca phn t S

200C

1190C

1870C

4450C

nh hng cua nhiet o oi vi cau tao phan t

va tnh chat vat l:

N.o <1130 1190

Trang thai Ran Long

Mau Vang Vang

Cau tao phan t S8, m. vong tinh th S - S S8, m. vong linh ong. S8 vong chuoi S8 Sn S6,S4 S2 S

>1870
>4450 14000 17000

Quanh
Hi Hi Hi

Nau o
Da cam

II/ TNH CHT VT L

2/ nh hng ca nhit n tnh cht vt l

Gii thch

S hi t0 > 1870C
Phn t S8 c cu to vng

n gin, ta dng k hiu S thay cho cng thc phn t S8

Chui c 8 ng/t S : S8

S2 hi
Phn t ln c n ng/t S : Sn

Bi 30:

LU HUNH

I/ V TR, CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T II/ TRNG THI T NHIN V TNH CHT VT L

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

IV/ NG DNG V SN XUT

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

Hy xc nh s oxi ha ca S trong cc cht sau:

-2 0 +4 +6 +6

H2S S SO2 SO3 H2SO4

-2

+4

+6

S l cht oxi ha S l cht kh

=> Lu huynh va co tinh oxi hoa, va co tinh kh.

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

1. TC DNG VI KIM LOI

Lu hunh tc dng vi kim loi ( tr :Au, Pt, Ag)

S tc dng vi Fe :

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

1. TC DNG VI KIM LOI

a. Lu hunh tc dng vi kim loi ( tr :Au, Pt, Ag)

Fe

+ S
o

to to

Al +

St (II) Sunfua -2

FeS

-2

Thu ngn Sunfua => Dng S thu hi thy ngn ri vi

Hg

Nhm Sunfua -2 t0 thng

Al2S3

HgS

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

2. TC DNG VI HIDRO

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

2. TC DNG VI HIDRO

H2

to

H2S

-2

Hiro Sunfua

Fe

III/ TNH CHT HO HC -2 o to

FeS

Al +

S
o

to

Al2S3

-2

Hg
H2

+
+
0

S
S
-2

t0 thng
to

HgS
H 2S
-2

-2

=> Lu hynh c tnh oxi ha

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

3. TC DNG VI PHI KIM

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

3. TC DNG VI PHI KIM

Lu hunh tc dng vi phi kim ( Tr N2, I2 )

S
S
0

+
+

O2
F2

t0 t0

+4
+6

Lu hunh ioxit

SO2

SF6

III/ TNH CHT HO HC

S
0

+
+
0

O2
F2
+4

t0

+4
+6

SO2
SF6

S
S

t0

+6

=> Lu hynh c tnh kh

 Khi cho S tc dng vi cc nguyn t c m in nh hn

th S th hin tnh : Oxi

ha

Khi cho S tc dng vi cc nguyn t c m in ln hn th S th hin tnh : Kh

-2 0 +4 +6

S l cht oxi ha S l cht kh

=> Lu huynh va co tinh oxi hoa, va co tinh kh.

Bi 30:

LU HUNH

I/ V TR, CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T II/ TRNG THI T NHIN V TNH CHT VT L III/ TNH CHT HO HC IV/ NG DNG V SN XUT

IV/ NG DNG

IV/ NG DNG

III. ng dng ca lu hunh

Cc ng dng: - Sn xut H2SO4

90%

10%

-Lu ho cao su
-Ty trng bt giy

-Ch to dim
-Sn xut cht do Ebonit

sn xut axit sunfuric cc ng dng khc

-Ch m cha bnh ngoi da

-Sn xut thuc tr su ..v.v

IV/ NG DNG V SN XUT

KHAI THC LU HUNH TRONG LNG T

Bt lu hunh nng chy

Khng kh Nc 170oC

Nc nng Nc nng nng nng Lu hunh nng chy

Hnh 6.10: Thit bi khai thc lu hunh (phng php Frasch)

V/ TRNG THI T NHIN V SN XUT

SN XUT LU HUNH T HP CHT t H2S trong iu kin thiu khng kh

2H2S

O2

2S

2 H2O

Dng H2S kh SO2

2H2S

SO2

3S

2H2O

BI TP CNG C
Bi1 Cho cc cht : O3, O2, F2, Cl2, S. Hy chn p n ng cho cc sau: Cht ch c tnh oxiho l: A/ S, Cl2 B/ O3, O2 C/ O3, O2, F2 D/ F2, Cl2, S

Cht va c tnh kh, va c tnh oxiho l: A/ S, Cl2 B/ O3, O2 C/ O3, O2, F2 D/ F2, Cl2, S

Hon thnh cc PTP sau v cho bit vai tr ca lu hunh trong mi p?

1> S + Fe
2> S + Hg 3> S + H2 4> S + O2 5> S +3 F2
0 0

t0

FeS

-2 -2

0 -2

HgS
t0 t0 t0

S c tnh oxiho
+4 ; +6 0

H2S
+4 +6

-2

SO2

S c tnh kh

SF6

Cm n qu Thy, c n d.

Chc cc em hc tt!