K THUT TRUYN S LIU

ti 03:

Tm hiu & So snh TDMA , FDMA. S kt hp ca 2 phng thc ny vo mng in thoi GSM
NGUYN C HIN NGUYN TH XUN HNH TRN DUY THI NGUYN TUN PHAN VN TUN HUNH VN V NGUYN THNH TRUNG

Sinh vin thc hin:

Lp :

D16TMT

GII THIU TDMA,FDMA

-Nguyn l a truy nhp(Multiple Access): S dng lp tn s cho cc ngun pht ti cc khong cch ln trong khng gian chng khng gy nhiu cho nhau. Phng php ny thng c gi l phng php ti s dng tn s. +Khong cch cn thit cc ngun pht cng tn s khng gy nhiu cho nhau c gi l khong cch ti s dng tn s.

- TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access ) : l cng ngh a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian, thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn thng tin chia lm nhiu khung, mi khung chia lm nhiu khe, mi khe cho php 1 user lm vic. - K thut TDMA cp pht cc knh bi trn cng tn s trong mt h truyn v tuyn, nh h in thoi di ng hay h truyn thng v tinh c dng ch yu trong cc h in thoi di ng, n cho php nhiu ngi dng truy cp cng tn s radio hn l cc h di ng c. Mi ngi dng c mt rnh thi gian trong knh v rnh ny l c nh i vi ngi dng trong sut cuc gi. Ngay c khi thit b khng c g truyn, rnh thi gian ny vn c dnh.

GII THIU CHUNG TDMA,FDMA

- FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access ) : l cng ngh a truy nhp phn chia theo tn s, Cng ngh FDMA c s dng ln u tin trong cc h thng thng tin tng t .Trong k thut ny ,bng tn tng c phn chia thnh nhiu bng tn nh .Mi thu bao MS c php truyn lin tc theo thi gian trn mt bng tn nh c cp pht cho MS ,do s khng b trng .Mi bng tn bao gm bng tn ti thiu cho vic truyn d liu v hai di tn phng v hai bn chng nhiu xuyn knh . - c im ca FDMA l thu bao MS s c cp pht mt knh i lin lc sut thi gian thng tuyn .Nhiu giao thoa do tn s cc knh ln cn nhau l ng k .Trm gc BS phi c b thu pht ring lm vic vi mi thu bao MS trong h thng di ng thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn thng tin chia lm nhiu khung, mi khung chia lm nhiu khe, mi khe cho php 1 user lm vic.

NGUYN L HOT NG CA TDMA , FDMA

TDMA: - Cc my u cui v tuyn pht khng lin tc trong thi gian TB. S truyn dn ny c gi l cm. S pht i mt cm c a vo mt cu trc thi gian di hn c gi l chu k khung, tt c cc my u cui v tuyn phi pht theo cu trc ny. Mi sng mang th hin mt cm s chim ton b rng ca knh v tuyn c mang bi tn s sng mang fi.

NGUYN L HOT NG CA TDMA

-Qu trnh hot ng: +To cm: My pht ca trm gc nhn thng tin dng lung c s hai lin tc c tc bit Rb t giao tip ngi s dng. Thng tin ny phi c lu gi cc b nh m v c ghp thm thng tin iu khin b sung to thnh mt cm bao gm thng tin ca ngi s dng v thng tin iu khin b sung.

+Thu cm: B pht hin t duy nht xc nh mi tng quan gia cc chui bit u ra ca b pht hin bit ca my thu, chui ny c cng di nh t duy nht v l mu ca t duy nht c lu gi b nh ca b tng quan. Ch c cc chui thu to ra cc nh tng quan ln hn mt ngng th c gi li nh l cc t duy nht.
+ng b: TDMA vn ng b rt quan trng. ng b cho php xc nh ng v tr ca cm cn ly ra my thu hay cn pht i my pht tng ng.

NGUYN L HOT NG CA TDMA

C 2 phng php TDMA: + TDMA/FDD : cc tn hiu a truy nhp theo thi gian c pht i t cc my u cui n trm gc, cn ng xung (t trm gc n my u cui) l tn hiu ghp knh theo thi gian c pht i t trm gc cho cc my u cui. + TDMA/TDD : c hai ng ln v ng xung u s dng chung mt tn s, tuy nhin phn chia ng pht v ng thu cc khe thi gian pht v thu c pht i cc khang thi gian khc nhau.

NGUYN L HOT NG CA FDMA

FDMA: - Trong phng php a truy nhp ny rng bng tn cp pht cho h thng B Mhz c chia thnh n bng tn con, mi bng tn con c n nh cho mt knh ring c rng bng tn l B/n MHz.Trong mi knh c cp pht mt tn s c nh. - m bo FDMA tt tn s phi c phn chia v quy hoch thng nht trn ton th gii.

NGUYN L HOT NG CA FDMA

C 2 phng php FDMA: + FDMA/FDD(ghp song cng theo tn s) : bng tn dnh cho h thng c chia thnh hai na: mt na thp (Lower Half Band) v mt na cao (Upper Half Band). Trong mi na bng tn ngi ta b tr cc tn s cho cc knh. Mi knh bao gm mt cp tn s: mt tn s bng tn thp v mt tn s bng tn cao m bo thu pht song cng. + TDMA/TDD(ghp song cng theo thi gian) : c my thu v my pht c th s dng chung mt tn s (nhng phn chia theo thi gian) khi ny bng tn ch l mt v mi knh c th chn mt tn s bt k trong bng tn.Knh v tuyn gi trm gc v my u cui ch s dng mt tn s fi cho c pht v thu..

NGUYN L HOT NG CA FDMA

Nhiu giao thoa ln cn: -Ta thy rng ca knh b chim dng bi mt s sng mang cc tn s khc nhau. My thu ca cc my v tuyn u cui phi lc ra cc sng mang tng ng vi chng, vic lc s c thc hin d dng hn khi ph ca cc sng mang c phn cch vi nhau bi mt bng tn bo v rng. -Tuy nhin vic s dng bng tn bo v rng s dn n vic s dng khng hu qu rng bng tn ca knh. V th phi thc hin s dung ha gia k thut v tit kim ph tn. D c chn mt gii php dung ha no i na th mt phn cng sut ca sng mang ln cn vi mt sng mang cho trc s b thu bi my thu c iu hng n tn s ca sng mang cho trc ni trn. iu ny dn n nhiu do s giao thoa c gi l nhiu knh ln cn (ACI: Adjacent Channel Interference).

SO SNH TDMA & FDMA

SO SNH TDMA & FDMA

TDMA u im:

FDMA

Hiu qu vic s dng tn s cao do c Khng cn ng b. th s dng li tn s. Dung lng tng i. Vic chuyn knh d dng v linh hot.

Nhc im: Cn ng b. bo mt cha cao.

- Bng tn gii hn do s knh b hn ch. - Tn km. - Nhiu giao thoa gia cc knh ln cn, ng thi cng khng th trnh khi cc loi nhiu khc nh nhiu xuyn m v b nh hng ca cc tp m do dy truyn ti thng lm bng dy trn.

SO SNH TDMA & FDMA

- FDMA: khi yu cu mt cuc gi th mt knh a v tuyn c ch nh. - TDMA: th knh v tuyn c chia li theo nhng khe thi gian tun hon v khi yu cu mt cuc gi th n s ch nh khe no ca mt knh v tuyn no s c s dng.

SO SNH TDMA & FDMA

- TDMA v FDMA: to ra tn s knh bng hp c gc th phi s dng b tng hp. - TDMA: trm di ng cn phi c chc nng pht v thu tn hiu theo khe thi gian c gn bi v n khng c cha chc nng a phn chia.

S KT HP TDMA & FDMA TRONG MNG IN THOI GSM

GSM(Global System for Mobile Communication) Mng GSM c chia thnh 04 phn chnh : -Mobile Station : trm Mobile lin kt vi thu bao -Base Station Subsystem : iu khin nhng lin kt Radio vi Mobile Station . -Network v Switching Subsystem : thnh phn chnh c nhng dch v Mobile v Trung tm chuyn mch (Switching Center) thc hin kt ni nhng cuc gi gia Mobile v thit b c nh hoc Mobile ca ngi s dng , mc ch ca phn ny theo di v qun l cc cuc gi . -Operation v Support Subsystem : phn ny thit lp v gim st ton mng .

S KT HP TDMA & FDMA TRONG MNG IN THOI GSM

Ti sao phi kt hp TDMA v FDMA trong GSM? - Do di ph Radio l hn ch trong khi s thit b GSM c s lng v cng ln nn phi phn chia gii thng ny mt cch hp l . Phng php la chn GSM l s kt hp ca FDMA v TDMA . - FDMA chia tn s ca bng thng 25MHz thnh 124 tn s sng mang v mi sng mn c di thng 200KHz . Mi mt Base Station c th c mt hoc nhiu tn s sng mang . - Trong TDMA mi mt sng mang c phn chia theo thi gian thnh 08 khe thi gian . Mi mt khe thi gian c s dng truyn t Mobile v mt khe khc c dng nhn . Do chng phn chia thi gian nn nhng thit b Mobile khng nhn v truyn cng mt thi gian nn khi s thu bao trong mt cell tng, s sng mang cn thit s phi tng v th phi kt hp thm phng php FDMA - Ngha l ngi ta cng chia bng tn c cp php thnh cc bng tn hp hn. Trn mi bng tn hp th mi my di ng s c s dng trong mt khong thi gian nht nh.

KT THUC