I CNG V HP CHT HU C

Bi 1:t chy hon ton 0,295g hp cht A sinh ra 0,44g CO 2 v 0,225g H2O. Trong mt th nghim
khc mt khi lng cht A nh trn cho 55,8cm3 N2 (kc). T khi hi ca A i vi khng kh l 2,05.
Xc nh CTPT cu A? s:C2H5ON
Bi 2:Xc nh CTPT cho mi cht theo s liu sau:
a/85,8%C ; 14,2%H ;M=56
b/51,3%C ; 9,4%H ; 12%N; 27,3%O ;t khi hi so vi khng kh l 4,05
c/ 54,5%C; 9,1%H; 36,4%%O ; 0,88g hi chim th tch 224 ml (o ktc)
Bi 3: Tm CTPT cht hu c trong mi trng hp sau:
a/t chy hon ton 10g hp cht sinh ra 33,85g CO 2 v 6,94g H2O. T khi hi i vi khng
kh l 2,69.
b/t chy 0,282g hp cht v cho cc sn phm i qua cc bnh ng CaCl 2 v KOH thy
bnh CaCl2 tng thm 0,194g, cn bnh KOH tng 0,8g. Mt khc t 0,186g cht sinh ra 22,4 ml
Nit ( ktc). Phn t cht ch cha 1 nguyn t Nit? s: a/C6H6 b/C6H7N
Bi 4: Phn tch 1 hp cht hu c ta thy : c 2,1 phn khi lng C li c 2,8 phn khi lng oxi v
0,35 phn khi lng hiro.Hy xc nh CTPT ca cht hu c ni trn bit 1g hi cht ktc
chim th tch 37,3cm3? s: C2H4O2
Bi 5: Hy xc nh CTPT ca 1 hp cht hu c c khi lng phn t l 26 : bit rng sn phm ca
s t chy hp cht l kh cacbonnic v hi nc. s: C2H2
Bi 6: t chy hon ton 0,9g mt cht hu c c thnh phn : C,H,O ta c 1,32g CO2 v 0,54g
H2O. Khi lng phn t cht l 180.Xc nh CTPT ca cht hu c trn? s: C6H12O6
Bi 7: Khi t 1(l) kh A cn 5(l) kh oxi sau phn ng thu c 3(l) CO2 v 4(l) hI nc .Xc nh
CTPT phn t A;bit th tch cc kh o cng ktc v nhit v p sut. s: C3H8
Bi 8: Cho 400ml mt hn hp gm nit v 1 cht hu c th kh cha cacbon v hiro vo 900 ml
oxi (d) ri t .Th tch hn hp thu c sau khi t l 1,4(l) .Sau khi cho nc ngng t th cn 800ml
hn hp .Ta cho li qua dd KOH thy cn 400ml kh .Xc nh CTPT ca hp cht trn ;bit rng cc
th tch kh o cng k v nhit v p sut.
s: C2H6
Bi 9: t chy hon ton 10,4g hp cht hu c A ri cho sn phm ln lt qua bnh 1 cha
H2SO4m c ,bnh 2 cha nc vi trong c d ,thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 3,6g ; bnh 2 thu c
30g kt ta .Khi ha hi 5,2g A thu c th tch ng bng th tch ca 1,6g oxi cng iu kin
nhit v p sut .Xc nh CTPT ca A. s: C3H4O4
Bi 10: t 0,366g mt cht hu c A thu c 0,792g CO2v 0,234g H2O.Mt khc phn hy 0,549g
cht thu c 37,42cm3nit (o 270C v 750mmHg).Tm CTPT ca A bit rng trong phn t
ca n ch c 1 nguyn t nit. s: C9H13O3N
Bi 11: t chy hon ton 0,01mol cht X bng lng oxi va l 0,616(l) ,thu c 1,344(l) hn hp
CO2, N2 v hi nc. Sau khi lm ngng t hi nc ,hn hp kh cn li chim th tch 0,56(l) v c t
khi i vi hiro l 20,4 .Xc nh CTPT ca X ,bit rng th tch kh c o ktc. s:C2H7O2N
Bi 12: Khi t 18g mt hp cht hu c phi dng 16,8(l) oxi (o ktc) v thu c kh CO2 v hi nc vi t l th tch l VCO2 : VH 2O = 3 : 2 .T khi hi ca hp cht hu c i vi hiro l 36. Hy xc
nh CTPT ca hp cht . s: C3H4O2
Bi 13: t chy hon ton 100ml hi cht A cn 250ml xi to ra 200ml CO 2 v 200ml hI nc (cc
th tch kh c o cng iu kin nhit p sut).Tm CTPT ca A? s:C 2H4O
Bi 14. t chy hon ton 3 gam HCHC A thu c 4,4 gam CO2 v 1,8 gam H2O. X CTGN ca A v
thnh phn % cc nguyn t trong A?
Bit t khi hi ca HCHC A so vi He l 7,5. Hy X CTPT ca A?
Bi 15. t chy hon ton 1,72 gam HCHC A thu c 3,52 gam CO2 v 1,8 gam H2O. Mt khc,
phn tch 1,29 gan A thu c 336 ml kh N 2 ( ktc). Tm CTPT ca A bit kh ho hi 1,29 gam A
c th tch ng bng th tch ca 0,96 gam oxi trong cn g iu kin.
Bi 16. Phn tch HCHC A cha C, H, O ta c t l khi lng mC : mH : mO = 2,24 : 0,375: 2
a) Lp CTGN cu A?
TRNG THPT TN CHU

BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11

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b) Xc nh CTPT ca A. Bit 1 gam A khi lm bay hi c th tch 1,2108 lt 0 oC v 0,25

atm.
Bi 17. t chy hon ton cht hu c A cn va 6,72 lt O 2 ktc thu c 13,2 gam CO2 v 5,4
gam H2O. XCTPT A. Bit t khi hi A so vi He l 7,5.
Bi 20. t chy hon ton a gam mt hirocacbon A th thu c 0,05 mol CO2 v 1,08 gam H2O.
a) Tnh A?
b) XCTPT A. Bit t khi hi A so vi H2 l 36.
Bi 18. t chy hon ton mt HCHC A cn 7,392 lt O 2 ( o 1atm, 27,30C). Khi cho ton b sn
phm to thnh ( ch gm CO2 v H2O) vo mt lng nc vi trong thu c 10g kt ta v 200 ml dung
dch mui c nng 0,5M; dung dch ny nng hn lng nc vi dng l 8,6 (g).
Tm cng thc n gin nht ca cht A. Thnh phn % khi lng cc nguyn t.
Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A. Bit dA/He = 7,5
Bi 19. t chy hon ton 10,4g cht hu c A ri cho sn phm ln lt qua bnh (1) cha H2SO4
m c v bnh (2) cha nc vi trong d, thy khi lng bnh (1) tng 3,6(g); bnh (2) thu c 30g
kt ta. Khi ho hi 5,2(g) A , thu c mt th tch ng bng th tch ca 1,6g oxi cng iu
kin.
Xc nh CTPT (A)
Bi 20. t chy hon ton ag mt hirocacbon A. Sn phm chy c dn qua 1 bnh cha nc vi
trong c d O0 C, ngi ta thu c 3g mt cht kt ta, ng thi bnh cha nng thm 1,68g. Tnh
a ? Xc nh CTPT A. Bit t khi hi ca A i vi metan l 2,5.
Bi 21. t chy hon ton 1,08g cht hu c X ri cho ton b sn phm vo dung dch Ba(OH) 2
thy bnh nng thm 4,6g ng thi to thnh 6,475g mui axit v 5,91g mui trung ho. T khi hi o
ca X i vi Heli l 13,5.
a/ Xc nh CTPT ca X.
b/ Vit v gi tn cc ng phn mch h ca X.
Bi 22. t chy ht 1,152 mt hirocacbon X mch h, ri cho sn phm qua dung dch Ba(OH) 2 thu
c 3,94g kt ta v dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y ri nung n khi lng khng i thu c
4,59g cht rn.
a/ Tm CTPT hirocacbon.
b/ Tnh th tch kh CO2 thu c khi c cn dung dch Y ktc.
Bi 23. t chy hon ton 1,12g cht hu c A ri cho hp ton b sn phm chy trong dung dch
Ba(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh cha tng thm 3,36g. Bit rng nCO2= 1,5nH2O
Tm CTPT (A). Bit t khi hi ca A i vi H2 nh hn 30.
Bi 24. t chy cht hu c A ( cha C, H, O ) phi dng mt lng oxi bng 8 ln lng oxi c trong A v
thu c lng kh CO2 v H2O theo t l khi lng mCO2 : mH2O = 22:9
a/ Tm CTG nht ca A.
b/ Tm CTPT A bit th tch khi ho hi 2,9g A ng bng th tch ca 0,2g He trong cng
iu kin.
Bi 25. Oxi ho hon ton 0,366g cht hu c A, ngi ta thu c 0,792g cht CO2 v 0,234g H2O.
Mt khc phn tch 0,549 g cht o bng phng php Dumas ngi ta thu c 37,42 ml N2 ( o
270C v 750 mmHg)
Xc nh cng thc nguyn v cng thc phn t A. Bit t khi hi ca (A) vi N(IV) oxit l
3,978.
Bi 26. t chy ht 0,75g cht hu c A. Hi sn phm chy c dn ton b qua bnh ng dung
dch nc vi trong c d O0C. Khi lng bnh dung dch tng thm 1,33g. Trong lc tch c 2(g)
mt cht kt ta
Mt khc phn tch 0,15g A bng phng php Kjel-dahl, kh NH3 sinh ra c dn vo 18ml dung
dch H2SO4 0,1M. Lng axit d c trung ho va ng bng 4ml dung dch NaOH 0,4M. Xc nh
CTPT A bit 1 lt hi A ktc nng 3,35g
Bi 27. t chy hon ton 0,4524g cht hu c A sinh ra 0,3318g CO 2 v 0,2714g H2O
un nng 0,3682g cht A vi vi ti xt ( hn hp rn gm NaOH v CaO) chuyn tt c nito trong
A thnh NH3 ri dn kh NH3 vo 20ml dung dch H2SO4 0,5M. trung ho axit cn d (sau khi
phn ng vi NH3), cn dng 7,7 ml dung dch NaOH 1M.
a/ Tnh thnh phn % cc nguyn t trong A.
TRNG THPT TN CHU
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b/ Xc nh CTPT (A) bit t khi hi ca n i vi kh nit l 2,143

Bi 28. t chy hon ton m(g) cht hu c (A) cha C, H, O khi lng sn phm chy l P(g). Cho
ton b sn phm ny qua dung dch nc vi trong c d th sau cng thu c t (g) kt ta. Bit P =
0,71t v t = m/1,02
Xc nh CTPT (a). Vit CTCT v gi tn (A)
Bi 29. t chy hon ton m(g) cht hu c A ch thu c a(g) CO2 v b(g) H2O. Bit 3a = 11b v
7m = 3(a + b). Xc nh CTPT (A), bit t khi hi ca (A) i vi khng kh : d A/KK < 3
22a
Bi 30. t chy hon ton ag cht hu c A cha C, H, O thu c p(g) CO2 v q(g) H2O. Cho p =
15
3a
v q =
. Tm cng thc phn t ca A. Bit rng 3,6g hi A c th tch bng th tch ca
5
1,76g CO2 cng iu kin.

ankan-parafin
Bi 1:c tn - vit cng thc cu to - ng phn
a/Vit CTCT cc cht sau:
1/ 4-Etyl-3,3-imetylhexan
2/ 5-Etyl-3-Metyl-Octan
b/c tn quc t cc cht sau:
1/CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
2/CH3-CH2-C(CH3)3
c/Vit CTCT v c li tn ng (nu c)
1/ 3-Metylbutan
2/ 2,3,3-Trimetylbutan
d/Vit CTCT cc ng phn v c tn quc t ca cc cht c CTPT sau y:
1/C5H12
2/C 6H14
3/C 7H16
4/C 3H7Cl
5/C3H6Cl2
e/Xc nh CTPT v vit CTCT c th c v gi tn theo danh php quc t cc ankan sau:
1/T khi hi ca A so vi H2 bng 36
2/Cng thc n gin nht ca B l C2H5
3/t chy hon ton 1 lt ankan sinh ra 2 lt CO2. Cc th tch kh o cng iu kin
Bi 2:Xc nh CTPT v vit CTCT ca cc hirocacbon trong mi trng hp sau y:
a/t chy hon ton 1 hidrocacbon (A) thu c 17,6g CO2 v 0,6 mol H2O
b/t chy hon ton 1 ankan (B) vi lng O2 va th thy tng s mol cc cht trc phn ng
bng tng s mol cc cht sau phn ng .Xc nh CTPT ca (B)
c/Mt ankan (B) c khi lng ring 2,32g /lit o 300C ; 750mmHg
d/Ha hi 12g ankan (D) n chim 1 th tch bng th tch ca 5g etan o cng iu kin
e/Mt ankan (E) c C%=80%
f/Mt ankan (F) c H%=25%
g/t chy hon ton 0,86g ankan (G) cn va 3,04g oxi
Bi 3:Pentan no khi tc dng vi clo theo t l mol 1:1 th
-Ch cho mt sn phm hu c
-Cho 4 sn phm hu c
Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha
Bi 4:B tc phn ng
a/ Al2O3 Al4C3 mtan mtylclorua clorofom tetraclomtan
b/Axt axtic natriaxtat mtan mtylclorua tan tilen
c/butan tan tylclorua butan prpen prpan
Bi 5:Vit phng trnh phn ng ca butan:
a/Tc dng vi clo theo t l mol 1:1;
b/Tch mt phn t hiro
c/Crackinh
Bi 6:T khi ca mt hn hp kh gm mtan v etan so vi khng kh bng 0,6. Hi phi dng bao
nhiu lt kh Oxi t chy hon ton 3 lt hn hp . Tnh khi lng mi sn phm sinh ra. Th
tch cc kh o kc?
s:V=6,45lt;
6,482g CO2; 5,062g H2O
TRNG THPT TN CHU
BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11
GV: MAI VN HI

Bi 7:t chy 13,7 ml hn hp A gm CH4, C3H8, CO ta thu c 25,7 ml kh CO2 cng iu kin
a/Tnh % th tch propan trong hn hp A?
b/Hn hp A nh hay nng hn nit? s:nng hn
Bi 8:T khi hi ca hn hp gm H2, CH4, CO so vi hiro bng 7,8. t chy t chy hon ton
mt th tch hn hp ny cn 1,4 th tch Oxi. Xc nh thnh phn % v th tch ca hn hp
Bi 9:Tnh th tch kh metan sinh ra (kc) trong cc trng hp sau
a/Cho 50g natri axetat khan tc dng vi mt lng d vi trn NaOH
b/Cho 29,2 g nhm cacbua tc dng vi nc d?
s:13,658 lt;
13,627lt
Bi 10:Kh CO2 sinh ra khi t 33,6 lt hn hp propan v butan c dn vo dung dch NaOH to ra
286,2 g Na2CO3 v 252g NaHCO3. Hy xc nh thnh phn % th tch ca hn hp hai hirocacbon
trn. Cc th tch kh o kc? s:nng hn
Bi 11:Trn hai th tch bng nhau ca C 3H8 v Oxi ri t chy hn hp sau a bnh v nhit
ban u (hI nc ngng t). Hi th tch hn hp sn phm phn ng thay i th no so vi hn
hp ban u s:gim=3/10
Bi 12:Trong bnh kn 150 0C cha nhng th tch bng nhau ca C 3H8 v Oxi ri t chy hn hp
sau a bnh v nhit ban u. Hi p sut trong bnh thay i th no?
s:
tng 10%
Bi 13:t chy hon ton 19,2g hn hp hai ankan k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c 14,56
lt CO2 (o 00C, 2 atm).
a/Tnh th tch ca hn hp hai ankan?
b/Xc nh CTPT v vit CTCT ca hai ankan?
s:11,2lt; C 2H6 v
C3H8
Bi 14:Mt hn hp A gm hai ankan l ng ng k tip nhau c khi lng 10,2 g. t chy hon
ton hn hp A cn 36,8 g Oxi
a/Tnh khi lng CO2 v H2O to thnh?
b/Tm CTPT ca hai ankan?
s:30,8g CO 2; 16,2g H2O; C3H8 v
C4H10
Bi 15:t chy hon ton 29,2g hn hp hai ankan. Hp th ton b sn phm vo bnh Ba(OH) 2
thy khi lng bnh tng 134,8g
a/Tnh khi lng CO2 v H2O?
b/Nu hai ankan l ng ng k tip tm CTPT hai ankan?
s:88g CO 2 46,8g H2O;
C3H8; C4H10
Bi 16:t chy 3 lt hn hp hai ankan k tip nhau trong dy ng ng dn sn phm ln l t qua
bnh (1) ng CaCl2 khan ri bnh (2) ng dung dch KOH. Sau th nghim khi lng bnh (1) tng
6,43g bnh (2) tng 9,82g. Lp CTPT ca hai ankan v tnh % theo th tch ca hai ankan trong
hn hp cc th tch kh o kc? s:CH4 (33,3%); C2H6(66,7%)
Bi 17:Hn hp X gm hai ankan A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng ng c t khi hi so vi He l
16,6. Xc nh CTPT ca A , B v % th tch ca chng trong hn hp?
s:C 4H10
(40%); C5H12(60%)
Bi 18Mt ankan c thnh phn nguyn t : %C=84,21, %H=15,79 t khi hi i vi khng kh
bng 3,93
a/Xc nh CTPT ca ankan?
b/Cho bit l ankan mch thng hy vit CTCT v
gi tn
c/Tnh thnh phn th tch ca hn hp gm hi ankan v khng kh c kh nng n
mnh nht
d/Nu cho n 100 lt hn hp trn th c bao nhiu lt CO2 .Cc th tch kh c o cng
iu kin
s:a/ C8H18 c/ 2:125 d/12,6lt
Bi 19:Cho hn hp ankan A v O2 (trong A chim 1/10 th tch ) vo bnh kn th p sut trong
bnh l 2 atm. t chy hn hp kh sau phn ng ngng t hi nc ri a bnh v nhit ban u
th p sut cn l 1,4 atm. Xc nh CTPT ca A?
TRNG THPT TN CHU

BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11

GV: MAI VN HI

Bi 20:Khi cho mt hirocacbon no tc dng vi Brom ch thu c mt dn sut cha Brom c t khi
hi i vi khng kh bng 5,207. Xc nh CTPT ca hirocacbon v vit CTCT cc ng phn.
Cho bit ng phn no l CTCT ng c tn?
Bi 21:Khi t hon ton 0,72g mt hp cht hu c ngi ta c 1,12 lt CO2 (kc) v 1,08gam H2O.
Khi lng phn t ca hp cht bng 72. Hy xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca hp cht bit rng khi tc
dng vi clo (c nh ng khuch tn) sinh ra 4 sn phm th ch cha 1 nguyn t
clo?.........................................................
Bi 22:t chy hon ton 0,72 gam mt ankan ri dn ton b kh CO 2 sinh ra qua bnh ng dung
dch Ba(OH)2 th thu c 1,97 gam mui trung ha v 5,18 gam mui axit. Xc nh CTPT v CTCT
ca ankan
s:C5H12
Bi 23:t chy hon ton hn hp A gm hai hirocacbon ( th kh ) khi lng phn t hn km
nhau 28 gam. Sn phm to thnh cho i qua bnh ng P 2O5 v bnh ng CaO th bnh (1) tng 9
gam bnh (2) tng 3,2 gam
a/Cc hirocacbon thuc dy ng ng no?
b/Xc nh cng thc ca hai hirocacbon?
c/Tnh th tch kh Oxi (kc) cn t chy hn hp?
s:CH 4 v C3H8
12,32(lt)
Bi 24:t chy hon ton 29,2 gam hn hp gm hai ankan ( th kh trong kc) hp th ton b
sn phm vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 thy khi lng bnh tng 134,8 gam
a/Tnh khi lng mi sn phm chy
b/Tm CTPT 2 ankan bit s nguyn t cacbon trong cht ny gp i s nguyn t cacbon trong
cht kia
c/Cho hn hp 2 ankan trn vo bnh kn ri t chy hon ton 2 ankan sau a bnh v
nhit ban u hi p sut trong bnh tng gim bao nhiu so vi trc.
s:88g; 46,8g;
C2H6; C4H10; P2=4,33P1
Bi 25:2,36 gam hn hp 2 ankan A v B l ng ng lin tip c t chy hon ton thu c 3,96g
H2O. Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A v B? s:C2H6 v C3H8
Bi 26:Khi clo ha 96 gam mt hirocacbon no to ra sn phm th ln lt cha 1, 2 v 3 nguyn t
clo .T l th tch cc sn phm kh v hi l 1:2:3. T khi hi ca sn phm th cha 2 nguyn
t clo i vi hiro l 42,5. Tm thnh phn % theo khi lng ca hn hp sn phm

anken-olfin
Bi 1:Vit CTCT v gi tn cc ng phn ca: C4H8 v C5H10
Bi 2:Nhng hp cht no trong s cc hp cht sau y c ng phn cis-trans
a/2-brom-3-clobut-2-en
b/1-brom-1-clo-2-metylprop-1-en
c/CH3CH=CH2
d/CH3CH=CHCl
Bi 3:Vit phn ng trng hp ca cc cht cho di y:
a/CH2=CH2
b/CH2=C(CH3)2
c/CH2=CHCl
d/CF2=CF2
e/CH(CH3)=CH(CH3)
f/CH(CH2Br)=CH(CH2Br)
g/CH2=CH(CH=CH2)
Bi 4:Vit phng trnh biu din bin ha sau:
a/hecxan butan etilen etylclorua etilen PE
b/C3H7OH C3H6 C3H8 C2H4 C2H4(OH)2
c/ vi vi sng canxicacbua axetilen etilen etanol
H 2 SO4
H 2 / Ni
d/C2H5OH
A
(B)
+Cl2, askt
HCl

(C)
Bi 5:Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng v gi tn cc sn phm to thnh:
a/CH2=CH2+HBr ..
b/CH2=CH2+.. CH3CH2-OH
TRNG THPT TN CHU
BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11
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c/CH3-CH=CH2+HI .

2
4
.
d/CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
1800 C

H SO

H 2 SO4
H 2 SO4
..

e/CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-CH3
f/(CH3)3C-OH
1800 C
1800 C
Bi 6:Cho etilen vo bnh cha brom lng to ra 1,2-ibrom-etan
1/Tnh th tch etilen (kc) tc dng vi brom bit rng sau khi cn li thy bnh brom tng
thm 14g
2/Tnh khi lng brom c th kt hp vi 3,36 lt etilen (kc)
s:11,2
lt; 24g
Bi 7:Khi t mt th tch hirocacbon A cn 6 th tch Oxi v sinh ra 4 th tch CO 2, A c th
lm mt mu nc Brom v kt hp vi hiro to ra mt hirocacbon no mch nhnh. Xc nh CTCT
ca A v vit cc phng trnh phn ngs: C4H8
Bi 8:Cho 3 lt hn hp etan v etilen (kc) sc vo dung dch brom ngi ta thu c 4,7g 1,2ibrometan
a/Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra
b/Tnh thnh phn hn hp theo khi lng v theo th tch gi thit rng phn ng xy ra hon
ton
Bi 9:a/Mun iu ch n-pentan CH 3(CH2)3CH3 ta c th hiro ha nhng anken no? Vit CTCT
ca chng
b/Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch cc hp cht sau y t nhng anken thch hp
1/CH3CHBr-CHBrCH3
2/CH3CHBr-CBr(CH3)2
3/CH3CHBr-CH(CH3)2
Bi 10:Cho hai hrocacbon A v B u th kh. A c cng thc C 2xHy; B c cng thc CxH2x (tr
s x trong hai cng thc bng nhau). Lp CTPT ca A v B; bit rng t khi ca A i vi khng kh
bng 2 v t khi ca B i vi A l 0,482. Vit CTCT cc ng phn ca A v B v gi tn chng?
B:C2H4; A:C4H10
Bi 11: hiro ha hon ton 0,7 g mt olfin cn dng 246,4 cm 3 hiro ( 27,30C v 1 atm). Xc
nh CTPT v CTCT bit rng olfin c cu to mch thng? s:C 5H10
Bi 12:Cho 2,24 lt hn hp kh A (kc) gm etan, propan, propilen sc qua dung dch Brom d thy
khi lng bnh tng thm 2,1g .Nu t chy kh cn li s thu c mt lng CO2 v 3,24g H2O
a/Tnh thnh phn % th tch mi kh
b/Dn lng CO2 ni trn vo bnh ng 200ml dung dch KOH 2,6M. Hy xc nh nng
mol/lt cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng?
s:C 2H6(20%); C3H8(30%); K2CO3
0,65M; KOH1,3M
Bi 13:Ngi ta mun iu ch 21 g etilen:
a/Tnh khi lng ru etylic nguyn cht phi dng nu hiu sut 100%
b/Tnh th tch etan (kc) phi dng nu hiu sut l 80%?s:34,5g; 21 lt
Bi 14:Sau khi tch hiro hn hp etan v propan to thnh hn hp etilen v propilen. Khi l ng phn
t trung bnh ca hn hp etilen v propilen nh hn khi lng phn t trung bnh ca hn hp u l
6,55%. Hy xc nh thnh phn % theo th tch ca hn hp u?
s:C 2H6(96,18%);
C3H8(3,82%)
Bi 15:t chy hon ton 0,25 mol kh A thu c 33g CO2 v 13,4g H2O
a/Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A bit rng iu kin chun khi lng ring ca A l 1,875g/l
b/Tm lng dung dch KMnO4 40% c th b mt mu va bi lng cht A trn? s:C3H6
Bi 16:C mt ng ng ca etilen 0,21 hirocacbon kt hp c vi 0,8g brom. Xc nh
CTCT ca
hirocacbon v cho bit nu thay brom bng clo th phi dng ht bao nhiu cm 3
clo (kc)
Bi 17:Mt hn hp X gm hai lfin ng ng k tip nhau c th tch 17,92 lt (o 0 0C v 2,5
atm) sc qua bnh ng KMnO4 d khi lng bnh tng 70g
a/Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra?
b/Xc nh CTPT , CTCT ca hai lfin ?
c/t chy hon ton th tch trn ca hn hp X ri cho sn phm vo 5 lt dung dch NaOH
1,8M s thu c mui g ? bao nhiu gam?
s:C2H4; C3H6; 84g NaHCO3;
424g Na2CO3
Bi 18:A v B l hai anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho 13,44 lt hn hp trn qua mt
bnh ng dung dch brom d thy bnh tng thm 28g
a/Xc nh CTPT vit CTCT ca hai anken (c th c)
TRNG THPT TN CHU
BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11
GV: MAI VN HI

b/Cho hn hp hai anken tc dng vi HCl th thu c ti a 3 sn phm. Xc nh CTCT ca hai

anken
v
gi
tn
ca
chng
s:propen; buten-2
Bi 19:Cho 3,36 lt hn hp gm mt ankan v mt anken i qua nc brom thy c 8g brom tham gia
phn ng. Khi lng ca 6,72 lt hn hp l 13 gam
a/Xc nh CTPT ca hai hirocacbon
b/t chy 3,36 lt hn hp th thu c bao nhiu lt kh CO2 v bao nhiu gam nc
s:a/c 3 cp: C7H14 v CH4; C5H10 v C2H6; C3H6 v C3H8 b/10,08g CO2 v 9,9g H2O
Bi 20:Mt hn hp mtan v olfin A c th tch l 10,8 lt (kc) cho qua mt bnh ng dung dch
brom d thu c mt kh, em t chy hon ton thu c 5,5g CO2. Bnh ng brom tng 10g
a/Tnh thnh phn % th tch cc kh trong hn hp u?
b/Tm CTPT ca A
c/Tnh lng cht to thnh trong dung dch brom khi cho hn hp i qua ?
s:25,93% CH4; 74,07% A; b/ C2H4 c/67,14g
Bi 21:Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca tt c cc ng phn ca cc anken X, Y, Z, T bit rng:
a/10,5 g X phn ng va vi 150 g dung dch Br 2 40%
b/Hir ha hon ton 1,4 gam Y cn dng va 492,8 cm 3 H2 (o 27,30C v 1atm)
c/1,05 gam Z phn ng va vi dung dch KMnO 4 cho 1,9 gam ru 2 chc
d/12,6 gam T phn ng va vi 75,84gam dung dch KMnO 4 25%
s:X:C2H4; Y:C5H10; Z:C3H6; T:C5H10
Bi 22:Cho 0,74g hn hp A gm mtan v mt anken li t t qua bnh nc brom d thy khi lng
bnh tng thm 0,42g ng thi th tch hn hp kh A gim 1/3
a/Xc nh CTPT anken?
b/Tnh t khi ca hn hp A i vi khng kh
s:a/C 3H6 b/0,85
Bi 23:t chy 8,96 lt hn hp X gm hai olfin A v B ng ng k tip th thy khi l ng CO2 ln
hn khi lng H2O l 39 gam
a/Xc nh CTPT ca A v B
b/Tnh % theo th tch hn hp X
s:A:C 3H6(25%); B:C4H8(75%)
Bi 24:2,36 gam hn hp 2 ankan A v B l ng ng k tip nhau c t chy hon ton thu c
3,96g H2O
a/Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A v B
b/Cho 31,36 lt hn hp (kc) gm A v B v etilen i qua bnh cha dung dch nc brom d thy
tng khi lng ca bnh l 7,84g. t chy sn phm sau khi sau khi qua bnh brom dn kh sinh
ra qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 thu c 120g mui trung tnh v 140,94g mui axit
1/Tnh thnh phn % th tch ca hn hp u
2/Tnh t khi hi ca hn hp ban u i vi nit? s:A:C 2H6(30%); B:C3H8(50%);1,307
Bi 25:t chy hon ton 2,24lt kh C 2H4 (kc) ri hp th ton b sn phm vo dung dch cha
11,1 gam Ca(OH)2. Hi sau khi hp th khi lng phn dung dch tng hay gim bao nhiu gam?
s:tng 2,4 gam
Bi 26:t chy hon 1 hirocacbon A sinh ra 16,8 lt CO 2 (kc) v 13,5 gam H 2O. 1g kh A c cng
th tch vi 0,761 gam Oxi trong cng iu kin
a/Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca A bit A c cu to mch h
b/Cho 1 lt hn hp gm hirocacbon trn v hiro qua bt Ni nung nng. Hn hp kh sn phm
sau khi dn qua bnh cha dung dch brom d th cn li mt hirocacbon duy nht ng thi bnh
cha dung dch nng thm 0,21g. Tnh thnh phn % ca hn hp hai cht u? s:C 3H6(55,6%)
H2(44,4%)
Bi 27:Hn hp A v B l hai anken c khi lng 12,6g trn theo t l 1:1 v s mol tc dng va
vi 32g brom Nu trn hn hp trn theo t l 1:1 v khi lng th 16,8g hn hp tc dng va vi
0,6g H2 . Tm CTPT ca A v B bit MA<MB ? s:A:C3H6; B:C6H12

ankaien
Bi 1:a/Vit CTCT cc ankaien sau: Hexaien -1,3; Octaien-1,4
b/Vit phng trnh biu din chui bin ha sau:
Tinh bt Glucoz Ru etylic Butaien-1.3 Cao su buna
TRNG THPT TN CHU

BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11

GV: MAI VN HI

 vi vi sng Canxicacbua Axtilen Vinyl axtilen Butaien-1,3 cao su

c/Vit phng trnh phn ng gia cc cht sau y theo t l s mol 1:1
a/Butaien-1,3 v clo
b/ Butaien-1,3 v HBr
c/Isopren v Brom
Bi 2:t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X th kh thu c 0,14 mol CO2 v 1,89g H2O
a/Tm CTPT v CTCT ca X bit X c th trng hp to thnh cao su
b/Vit phng trnh phn ng ca X vi HBr theo t l mol 1:1 v gi tn sn phm
Bi 3:Tnh khi lng butaien thu c khi cho 240 lt ru etylic 960 (khi lng ring ca ru etylic nguyn
cht l 0,8g/ml) i qua cht xc tc (ZnO + MgO) 500 0C. hiu sut phn ng l 90%
s:97,38kg
Bi 4:Mt hn hp kh A c th tch l 21,504 lt (kc) gm mt anken X v mt ankaien Y chia l
hai phn bng nhau:
*Phn 1:t chy hon ton thu c 1,92 mol CO2. Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca X v Y bit
rng X v Y u i ng. Gi tn X, Y
*Phn 2:Cho tc dng hon ton va vi 134,4 gam Brom
+/Tnh phn % th tch ca X, Y trong hn hp A
+/Vit phng trnh phn ng trng hp X, Y
+/Vit phng trnh iu ch X t Y v ngc li? s:X:C4H8(25%); Y:C4H6(75%)
Bi 5:t chy 10cm3 mt hirocacbon bng 80cm3 Oxi ly d. Sn phm thu c sau khi cho H2O ngng t cn 65 cm3 trong c 25cm3 l Oxi. Cc th tch kh o ktc
a/Xc nh CTPT ca hirocacbon v tnh t khi ca n so vi khng kh
b/Tnh lng Brom ti a c th tc dng vi lng hirocacbon ni trn bit rng l hp cht
mch h
c/Hrocacbon c th trng hp thnh Polime. Vit CTCT ca hirocacbon v phn ng trng
hp? s:C4H6; d=1,862; b/0,14
Bi 6:Mt hirocacbon A th kh c th tch l 4,48 lt (kc) tc dng va vi 4 lt dung dch
Brom 0,1M thu c sn phm B cha 85,562% Br
a/Tm CTPT vit CTCT c th c ca A v B bit rng A mch h
b/Xc nh CTCT ng ca A bit rng A trng hp to thnh cao su. Vit ph ng trnh phn
ng?
s:A:C4H6
Bi 7:Ngi ta c th iu ch cao su butaien t g theo s cc qa trnh chuyn ha sau:
35%
G
C6H12O6
80%
C6H12O6

2C2H5OH + 2CO2
60%
2C2H5OH
C4H6 + 2H2O + H2
100%
nC4H6
(C4H6)n
Tnh lng g cn sn xut 1 tn cao su? s:17,86 tn
Bi 8:Mt hn hp gm mt ankaien A v Oxi c d (Oxi chim 9/10 th tch hn hp) np y vo
bnh th p sut trong bnh l 2atm. t chy hon ton A ri a bnh v nhit ban u cho hi
1
nc ngng t ht th p sut gim
so vi p sut ban u
4
a/Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca A
b/Ha tan hon ton 3,36 lt A (kc) trong 1,5 lt dung dch Brom 0,1M thu c hn hp sn
phm B
-Vit phng trnh phn ng
-Dung dch Brom c mt mu hon ton khng
s:C 4H6; mt mu hon ton
Bi 9:Hn hp X gm hai hirocacbon A v B vi M A M B = 24 . Cho d A / B = 1,8 . t chy hon ton V
lt hn hp trn thu c 11,2lt CO2 v 8,1 gam H2O
a/Tnh V bit cc kh o kc
b/Cn phi dng bao nhiu gam ru etylic iu ch lng hn hp hirocacbon ban u bit B
l 1 ankaien? s:V=3,36 lt m=11,5g

ankin
TRNG THPT TN CHU

BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11

GV: MAI VN HI

Bi 1:Vit v gi tn cc ng phn ca cc ankin sau:C4H6 , C5H8 , C6H10

Bi 3:Thc hin chui phn ng sau:
a/ CaCO3 CaO CaC2 C2H2 Bc axetilua C2H2 etilen PE
b/Butan etan etylclorua etan ru etylic ivinyl butan metan etin
benzen
c/iu ch PVC t vi v than
d/Propan metan axetilen vinylaxetilen butan etilen etilen glicol
Bi 4:B tc cn bng v gi tn cc cht
15000 C
(A)
(B) + (C)
(B) + dd AgNO3/NH3 (E) + (D)
(D) + (F) (B) + (G)
??
2(B)
( H)
(H) + (C) (I)
??
n(I)
(I)n
Bi 5:Nhn bit cc ha cht sau:
a/metan, etilen v axetilen
b/Butin-1 v Butin-2
c/Butan, Buten-1, Butin-1 v Butin-2
d/Butaien, axetilen v etan
Bi 6:Mt hn hp gm axetilen, propilen v metan
-t chy hon ton 11g hn hp th thu c 12,6g H2O
-Mt khc 5,6 lt hn hp (kc) phn ng va vi ung dch cha 50g Brom
Xc nh thnh phn % th tch ca hn hp?
s:C 2H2 50%; CH4 v
C3H6 25%
Bi 7:Cho canxi cacbua k thut (cha 80% CaC 2 nguyn cht) vo mt lng nc c d th c 8,96 lt
kh (kc).
a/Tnh khi lng canxi cacbua k thut dng
b/Tnh th tch kh Oxi cn t chy hon ton lng kh sinh ra? s:25,6g; 22,4lt
Bi 8:t chy 22,4 dm3 hn hp etan v axetilen thu c 35,84 dm3 CO2
a/Tnh s mol metan v axetin c trong 22,4 dm3 hn hp
b/Tnh s gam Oxi cn thit t chy hon ton 22,4 dm 3 hn hp
c/Tnh t khi hi ca hn hp kh i vi khng kh. Cc th tch kh o ktc
s:0,4mol; 0,6mol; 73,6g;
0,76
Bi 9:Cht do PVC c iu ch t kh thin nhin theo s sau (hs: hiu sut)
hs:15%
hs:95%
hs:90%
CH4
C2H2
CH2=CH-Cl
PVC
3
Hi cn bao nhiu m kh thin nhin (kc) iu ch c 1 tn PVC (bit CH4 chim 95%
th tch kh thin nhin) s:5883 m3
Bi 10:Mt bnh kn dung tch 17,92 lt ng hn hp kh H 2 v C2H2 ( 00C v 1atm) v mt t bt
Ni. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian sau lm lnh n 0 0C
a/Nu cho lng kh trong bnh sau khi nung i qua dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d s to ra 2,4 gam kt
ta vng. Tnh khi lng C2H2 cn li sau khi nung
b/Nu cho lng kh trong bnh sau khi nung qua dung dch Brom ta thy khi lng dung dch
Brom 0,82g. Tnh khi lng etilen to thnh trong bnh
c/Tnh th tch kh etan sinh ra v th tch H 2 cn li sau phn ng bit rng t khi hi ca
hn hp u so vi Hiro bng 4?
s:a/0,26g; b/0,56g;
c/3,508 lt v 5,376 lt
Bi 11:Cho 100g canxi cacbua tc dng vi nc ly d thu c 37 dm3 C2H2 ( 200C v 740 mHg)
a/Tnh tinh khit ca canxi cacbua
b/Tnh th tch Oxi (kc) cn t chy hon ton lng axetilen
c/Nu lng axetilen ni trn i qua ng cha than nung nng ti 600 0C ngi ta thu c 36g benzen.
Tnh hiu sut phn ng?
s:96%; 84 dm 3; 92,3%
TRNG THPT TN CHU

BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11

GV: MAI VN HI

Bi 12:t chy hon ton 0,25 mol hn hp gm ankin (A) v anken (B) thu sn phm ln lt cho
qua bnh I ng P2O5 d bnh II ng KOH d th thy bnh I khi lng tng 11,7g bnh II khi lng tng
30,8g. Xc nh CTPT ca A v B bit rng A km hn B mt nguyn t C? s:A:C 2H2; B:C3H6
Bi 13:t chy 30 cm3 hn hp hai ankin A, B hn km nhau 1 nguyn t C trong phn t to thnh
110 cm3 CO2. Bit cc th tch kh o cng iu kin v MA>MB
a/Tm CTPT ca A v B v tnh % th tch hn hp u
b/Ly 3,36 lt hn hp trn (kc) cho li qua bnh ng dd AgNO 3/NH3 thu c 7,35 g kt ta. Xc
nh CTCT ca B?
s:A:C 3H4 (33,33%); B:C4H6 (66,67%);
B:butin -2
Bi 14:Mt hn hp gm 1 ankan, 1 ankin em t chy hon ton cn ng 36,8g Oxi v thu c
12,6g H2O. S mol CO2 sinh ra bng 8/3 s mol hn hp u
a/Tnh tng s mol ca hn hp
b/Xc nh CTCT c th c ca ankan v ankin
c/Tnh t khi hi ca hn hp so vi H 2
s:a/ 0,3mol; b/C 2H6 v C3H4 hoc C4H10 v
C2H2; 18,33
Bi 15:Mt hn hp gm hiro, mt ankan v mt ankin. Hai hirocacbon ny c cung s nguyn t C.
t chy 100 cm3 hn hp trn thu c 210 cm3 kh CO2. Nu un nng 100 cm3 hn hp vi bt Ni th
ch cn 70 cm3 mt hirocacbon duy nht. Cc th tch cc kh o cng iu kin
a/Tm CTPT ca hai hirocacbon trn v thnh phn % theo th tch ca hn hp u
b/Tnh th tch kh Oxi t chy 100 cm 3 hn hp?
s:C 3H8(55%); C3H4(15%);
3
350 cm
Bi 16:t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c A cn 12,8g Oxi. Sau phn ng thu c 16,8 lt hn
hp hi ( 136,50C 1 atm) gm CO2 v hi nc. Hn hp ny c t khi so vi CH4 l 2,1
a/Xc nh CTPT ca A. Vit CTCT c th c ca A
b/Xc nh CTCT ca A v gi tn A bit rng A to kt ta vng khi cho tc dng vi AgNO 3/NH3.
Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c khi dng 0,1 mol A vi hiu sut phn ng l 90%?s:A:C 3H4
Bi 17:1/t chy hon ton 0,672 lt Hirocacbon A thu c 3,96g kh CO2 v 10,8g H2O. Cho bit
A c th tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 to thnh kt ta mu vng. Lp phng trnh t chy v xc nh
CTCT ca A
2/Vit y cc phng trnh phn ng to thnh cao su Buna theo s sau:
CaO CaC2 C2H2 C2H4 C2H5OH C4H6 Cao su buna
Bi 18:Mt hn hp kh gm H 2 v 2 hirocacbon c cng s nguyn t C trong phn t (1 cht c ni
i v 1 cht c ni 3). t chy hon ton 90ml hn hp y th thu c 120ml CO2. Mt khc nu
un nng 90ml hn hp trn vi bt Ni n khi phn ng hon ton th ch cn li 40ml hirocacbon
no duy nht
a/Tm CTPT ca 2 hirocacbon
b/Tnh thnh phn % v th tch ca hn hp ban u
s:H 2(55,56%); C3H6(33,33%);
C3H4(11,11%)
Bi 19:Hn hp B gm C2H6; C2H4 v C3H4. Cho 12,24 gam hn hp B v dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 c d
sau phn ng thu c 14,7 gam kt ta. Mt khc 4,256 lt kh B (kc) phn ng va vi 140ml
dung dch Brom 1M. Tnh khi lng mi cht trong 12,24 gam B ban u. Cho bit cc phn ng xy
ra hon ton
s: C2H6 (6g); C2H4 (2,24g) v C3H4
(4g)
Bi 20:Nung nng hn hp kh X gm H 2, C2H2, C2H4 c Ni xc tc thu c 5,6 lt (kc) hn hp kh Y
c t khi hi i vi H2 bng 12,2. t chy hon ton hn hp X ri hp th ton b sn phm chy
vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d to ra kt ta. Tnh khi lng kt ta to thnh bit rng cc phn ng xy
ra hon ton
s:m=40gam
Bi 21:Hn hp Z gm 0,15 mol CH4; 0,09 mol C2H2 v 0,2 mol H2 . Nung nng hn hp Z vi cht xc
tc Ni thu c hn hp Y. Cho Y qua dung dch Brom d thu c hn hp kh A c phn t lng trung
bnh l 16. tng khi lng dung dch brom l 0,82 gam. Tnh s mol mi cht trong A
s: 0,15 mol CH4; 0,06 mol C2H6 v 0,06 mol H2
Bi 22:Cho mt lng hn hp CaC2 v Al4C3 tc dng vi H2O d c hn hp kh A. Bnh B c dung tch
5,6 lt 27,30C cha lng Oxi va t chy ht A c p sut 1,43 atm. Cho A vo bnh B
TRNG THPT TN CHU
BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11
GV: MAI VN HI

nht ny p sut trong bnh l p. Bt tia la in t chy hon ton A ri a bnh v 00C hi nc
ha rn hon ton chim th tch khng ng k p sut lc ny l 0,86 atm. Tnh % khi lng
CaC2
v
Al4C3
trong
hn
hp
ban
u
v
tnh
p
sut
p?
s:
Bi 23:t chy hon ton mt th tch hirocacbon A cn 7 th tch Oxi v to ra 5 th tch CO 2
(cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit v p sut). Xc nh CTPT vit CTCT ca cc
ng phn mch nhnh ca A. Trong s cc ng phn cht no c s dng iu ch cao
su. Vit phn ng ? s:Isopren
Bi 24:Hn hp kh A gm Hiro, etan v axetilen. Cho t t 6 lt A qua Ni nung nng th thu c 3
lt mt cht kh duy nht. Tnh t khi hi ca A so vi hiro. Bit rng cc kh o kc
s:7,5
Bi25:t chy 1 hidrocacbon A mch h c d A / kk <1,5 cn 8,96(l) Oxi phn ng to ra 6,72(l) CO2
a/Xc nh dy ng ng ca A CTPT,CTCT ca A
b/Mt hn hp X gm 2,24 lit A v 4,48 lit hidrocacbon mch h B .t chy ht X thu c 20,16(l)
CO2 v 14,4 g H 2O . Xc nh dy ng ng v CTPT ca B
c/Phi dng bao nhiu lit H 2 phn ng va lng hn hp X trn ,cc th tch kh o
ktc.
s:A: C3 H 4 ;V = 8,96l
Bi 26:t chy hh X gm 2 hidrocacbon A,B thuc cng dy ng ng thu c 19,712 lit CO2 (kc)
v 10,08g H 2O
a/Xc nh dy ng ng ca A,B (ch c th l ankan,anken ,ankin)
b/Xc nh CTPT v CTCT c th c ca A,B bit rng A,B u th kh
c/Tnh th tch Oxi ding t chy ht lng hn hp X bng hai phng php khc nhau
d/Chn CTCT ng ca A,B bit rng khi cho lng X tc dng vi AgNO3 / NH 3 thu c 48g kt ta.
s:A: A : C2 H 2 ; B : C4 H 6 (ankin2)
Bi 27:Mt cht A c cng thc l C7 H 8 cho A tc dng vi Ag 2O d trong NH 3 c kt ta B .Khi lng
phn t ca B ln hn khi lng phn t ca A l 214 v.C .Vit cc CTCT c th c ca A
Bi 28:Mt hn hp X gm 2 hidrocacbon A,B thuc cng dy ng ng u th kh ktc
t chy ht X cn 0,16(l) O2 thu c 7,2g H 2O .
a/Xc nh dy ng ng ca A,B cc CTPT c th c ca A,B (ch c th l ankan, anken,
ankin)
b/Xc nh CTCT ng ca A,B bit rng khi cho X tc dng vi AgNO3 / NH 3 d thu c 62,7g kt
ta
c/Mt hn hp Y gm A,B v 1 hidrocacbon D c dY / H 2 =15,17. t chy ht Y thu c 57,2g CO2 v
23,4g H 2O . Chng minh D thuc h ankan v nD = nA + nB .Xc nh CTPT ca D (D c cng s
nguyn t cacbon vi A hoc B) s:A: C2 H 2 ;B: C3 H 4 ;D: C2 H 6
Bi 28:Cho 4,96 g Ca; CaC2 tc dng vi H 2O thu c 2,24(l) hn hp X
a/Tnh % khi lng CaC2 trong hn hp u
b/un nng X c mt cht xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp Y chia Y thnh hai phn bng nhau
*Phn 1 cho li qua bnh dng nc Br thy cn li 0,448(l) hn hp Z c d Z / H 2 =4,5.Hi bnh tng
bao nhiu g?
*Phn 2 trn vi 1,68(l) Oxi v cho vo bnh kn dung tch 4(l) sau t chy gi nhit ca
bnh 109, 20 C . Tnh p sut ca bnh nhit ny cc th tch kh o ktc?
s:51,6%;0,4g;p=0,784atm
Bi 29: Mt hn hp X gm 1 ankan, 1 anken, 1 ankin c th tch 1,792(l) kc chia lm 2 phn
bng nhau:
*Phn 1 cho qua dd AgNO3/NH3 to ra 0,735g kt ta v th tch hn hp gim 12,5%
TRNG THPT TN CHU

BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11

GV: MAI VN HI

*Phn 2 t chy hon ton ri cho sn phm vo 9,2(l) dd Ca(OH) 2 0,0125 thu c 11g kt ta
Xc nh CTPT ca cc hidrocacbon
s:
Bi 30:Cho 8g mu canxi cacbua (c ln tp cht tr) tc dng vi nc thu c 2,24(l) C2 H 2 (kc)
a/Tnh % CaC2 trong mu
b/Chia lng C2 H 2 trn thnh hai phn khng bng nhau
*Phn 1 tc dng vi dd AgNO3 / NH 3 to ra 9,6g kt ta
*Phn 2 trn vi 0,24g H 2 to ra hn hp X nung X vi Ni xc tc c hn hp Y chia Y thnh hai
phn bng nhau
-Phn 1 cho qua bnh ng Brom d cn li 784ml kh thot ra
-Phn 2 cho qua dd AgNO3 / NH 3 d to ra m(g) kt ta. Tnh m bit rng % C2 H 2
chuyn ha thnh C2 H 6 =1,5 ln % C2 H 2 chuyn ha thnh C2 H 4 , tnh thnh phn hn hp Y tng
khi lng ca
bnh ng nc Brom? s:80%;m=1,2g;0,41g
Bi 31:a/t chy my hidrocacbon A thu c CO2 ; H 2O vi t l s mol l 2:1. Bit rng lng Oxi dng
t chy A nhiu hn 20% lng Oxi cn thit th hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng (nc ngng t)
bng 2,5 ln th tch ca A (kc). Xc nh CTPT ca A
b/Gi X l hn hp gm A v 1 hidrocacbon B cng h vi A VX = 17,92l (kc) mX = 29, 2 g . Cho X qua
dd AgNO3 / NH 3 d thu c 120g kt ta .Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca B
c/Gi Y l hn hp gm 17,92 lit X c thm H 2 .Cho Y vo 1 bnh V=11,2(l) c cha Ni th p sut
p=5,6atm ( 00 C ). Nung bnh mt thi gian sau tr v 00 C th p sut gim 4/7 sovi p sut ban
u .Phn ng cng c hon ton hay khng gi Z l hn hp kh sau phn ng tnh dY / Z ?
Bi9:Mt hn hp X gm 2 ankin v H 2 c V=35,84 lt (kc). Chia X ra 2 phn bng nhau.
*Phn 1 c nung vi Ni xc tc thu c hn hp Y khng lm mt mu nc Brom, v th tch gim
50% so vi th tch ban u. t chy hon ton Y ri cho sn phm chy tc dng vi ddNaOH thu c 2 mui cacbonat. Thm Ca (OH ) 2 d vo dd 2 mui ny thu c 70g kt ta
*Phn 2 cho qua dd AgNO3 / NH 3 d thu c 14,7 g kt ta. Cho bit hai ankin ny u th kh
ktc v c th tch bng nhau
a/Xc nh CTCT ca hai ankin
bTnh t khi ca Y so vi khng kh? s: C3 H 4 ; C4 H 6 ;d=0,914
Bi10:Hn hp X gm H 2 v mt hidrocacbon A th kh ktc. xc nh CTPT ca A ngi ta
dng 3 cch sau y
a/t chy hon ton a(g) X c 13,2g CO2 . Mt khc a(g) X tc dng vi ti a 4,48(l) H 2 (kc)
b/T khi d X / H 2 =6,7. Cho qua X qua Ni nung nng (A phn ng ht )thu c Y c dY / H 2 =16,75
c/Hn hp Z gm CO2 v O2 c M Z = 100 / 3 .Ly 20,16(l) Z (kc) trn vi 1 lng A c hn hp M c
M = 35 . t chy M cho nc ngng t c hn hp M trong A cn 33,33% so vi lng A ban u v .
Xc nh CTPT ca A theo 3 cch trn v tnh th tch A dng khi tin hnh theo 3 cch trn
s: C3 H 4 V=6,72l

ANCOL
Cu 1. Cho 50 ml dd ancol etylic( dd X) tc dng vi Na d th thu c 15,68 lt H2 ( ktc). Bit khi lng ring ca ancol nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml. Xc nh ancol v nng mol ca dd X?
Cu 2. Cho natri phn ng hon ton vi 18,8g hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng sinh ra 5,6 lt kh hiro (ktc). Xc nh cng thc phn t hai ancol?
Cu 3. Hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho
3,35 g hh X phn ng vi Na th thu c 0,56 lt H2 (ktc) . Xc nh CTCT thu gn ca A, B?
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Cu 4. Cho Na phn ng hon ton vi 18,8 g hh 2 ancol k tip nhau trong dy ng ng ca

ancol etylic thy sinh ra 5,6 lt H2(ktc). Xc nh CTPT 2 ancol?
Cu 5. Cho hh gm 1,6 g ancol A v 2,3 g ancol B l 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng tc dng vi Na c 1,12 lt H2 ( ktc). Xc nh CTPT 2 ancol?
Cu 6. Cho 15,6 g hh 2 ancol n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2g Na
thu c 24,5g cht rn. Xc nh hai ancol ?
Cu 7. Cho 20ml cn tc dng vi Na d th thu c 0,76 g H2 ( khi lng ring ca ancol etylic l 0,8
g/ml). ru trong loi cn trn l bao nhiu?
Cu 8. Cho Na d vo 100 ml cn 460 ( khi lng ring ca ancol etylic l 0,8 g/ml) . Tnh th tch H 2
ktc?
Cu 9. Cho 1 lt cn 950 tc dng vi Na d . Bit rng ancol nguyn cht c d=0,8g/ml. Tnh th
tch H2 to ra ktc?
Cu 10. Hp cht hu c X cha cc nguyn t C, H, O. Khi ho hi 0,93 g X thu c th tch hi
ng bng th tch ca 0,48 g O 2 o cng iu kin. Mt khc, cng 0,93 g X tc dng ht vi Na
to ra 336 ml H2(ktc). Xc nh CTCT ca X?
Cu 11. Tm cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca cc ancol sau
a) Cho 3,8 g mt iol tc dng vi mt lng Na d thu c 0,56 l kh H2 ( 2 atm, O0C)?
b) Cho 2,3g mt ancol no ( M = 92) tc dng ht vi kali thu c 0,84 l H2 ( o ktc)
Cu 12. cho 2,84 gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol n chc , l ng ng k tip nhau tc dng va vi Na to
ra 4,6 gam cht rn v V lt kh H2 (ktc). Xc nh gi tr ca V v CTPT ca hai ancol?
Cu 13. cho 1,52 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc l ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi Na va , sau phn
ng thu c 2,18 gam cht rn. X cng thc phn t ca hai ancol?
Cu 14: Cho 11g hn hp gm hn hp gm hai ancol no n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy
ng ng tc dng ht vi Na thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (kc). Vit CTPT v CTCT ca hai
ancoltrn? s:CH3OH; C2H5OH
Cu 15: Cho 28,2g hn hp hai ancol no n chc, mch h k nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng
ht vi Na (ly d), sinh ra 8,4 lt kh H2 (kc). Vit CTCT ca hai ancol v tnh thnh phn % v
khi lng ca chng trong hn hp, bit phn ng xy ra hon ton?
s:CH 3OH
(51,06%); C2H5OH (48,94%)
Cu 16:T khi hi i vi khng kh ca mt ancol no bng 2,13. Khi cho 3,1g ru tc dng ht
vi Na thy thot ra 1,12lt H2 (kc). Hi ancol l n chc hay a chc, vit CTCT ca ancol
Cu 17: T khi hi i vi Nit ca mt ancol no A bng 2,214. Khi cho 3,1g A tc dng ht vi Na
thy thot ra 1,2218(l) H2 ( 250C, 1atm).
a/Vit CTCT ca A
b/T ancol etylic v cc cht v c cn thit, vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch A?
s:C2H4(OH)2
Cu 18: Cho phn ng ht 4,6 gam Na vi ancol etylic v 4,6gam Na vi nc tnh th tch kh
H2(ktc) thot ra trong tng trng hp. Tnh khi lng natri etylat v natri hiroxit to thnh? s:2,24lt
Cu 19: Cho 6 gam mt ancol no, n chc, mch h A tc dng vi Na thu c 1,12lt kh H2(ktc)
a/Xc nh CTPT ca A
b/Xc nh CTCT ng ca A v gi tn A, bit rng oxi ha A bng oxi c (Cu xc tc) to ra
anehit
c/T A, vit phng trnh phn ng to ra C (l ng phn ca ancol A) s:Propanol-1
Cu 20: Cho 28,2gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng
tc dng ht vi Na thu c 8,4 lt H2(ktc). Vit CTCT ca hai ancol trn v tnh thnh phn % khi
lng ca chng, bit phn ng xy ra hon ton? s: 51,06%CH 3OH; 48.94%C2H5OH
Cu 21: Cho 25,8gam hn hp hai ancol no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng
ht vi Na d thu c 5,6 lt H2(ktc). Vit CTPT ca hai ru trn v tnh thnh phn % khi lng ca
chng ?
Cu 22: Hn hp A cha Glixerol v mt ancol no, n chc, mch h. Cho 20,3 gam A tc dng vi
Na d thu c 5,04lt H2 (ktc) mt khc 8,12gam A ha tan va ht 1,96gam Cu(OH) 2. Hy xc nh
CTPT v % khi lng ca ancol trong hn hp A? s:C4H9OH(54,95%)
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Cu 23: T khi hi i vi khng kh ca mt ancol no bng 2,13. Khi cho 3,1g ancol tc dng
ht vi Na thy thot ra 1,12lt H 2 (kc). Hi ancol l n chc hay a chc, vit CTCT ca
ancol ?
Cu 24: t chy 23g mt hp cht hu c A thu c 44g CO2 v 27g H2O.
a/Chng minh rng A l mt hp cht no c cha Oxi.
b/Xc nh CTCT ca A bit rng A tc dng vi Na to ra kh H 2 .
c/Mt hn hp X gm A v mt hp cht B thuc cng dy ng ng vi A, khi lng ca X l
18,8g. X tc dng vi Na d to ra 5,6lt H2 (kc). Xc inh B v thnh phn hn hp X?
s:C2H5OH(0,2mol); CH3OH(0,3mol).
Cu 25: Cho 16,6 gam hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol propylic phn ng ht vi Na d thu c 3,36
lt H2(ktc). Tnh thnh phn % khi lng cc ru c trong hn hp?
s:
27,7%C2H5OH
Bi 1. un nng 7,8 gam mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h vi H 2SO4 c 1400C
thu c 6 gam hh Y gm 3 ete. Bit 3 ete c s mol bng nhau v phn ng xy ra hon ton. Xc
nh CTPT ca 2 ancol?
Bi 2. Cho 11g hn hp 2 ancol n chc vo bnh ng Na (d) thy thot ra 3,36 lt H 2 ( ktc).
Nu cho hh ancol vo dung dch H 2SO4 c 1400C thu c mg ete ( hiu sut phn ng t
80%). Gi tr ca m?
Bi 3. un nng 7,8 gam mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h vi H 2SO4 c 1400C
thu c 6 gam hh Y gm 3 ete. Bit 3 ete c s mol bng nhau v phn ng xy ra hon ton. CTPT
ca 2 ancol?
Bi 4: un nng mt hn hp gm hai ancol no n, mch h chc vi H 2SO4 c 1400C thu c
21,6g H2O v 72g hn hp 3 ete. Xc nh CTCT ca hai ancol trn bit 3 ete thu c c s mol bng
nhau v phn ng xy ra hon ton?s:CH 3OH; C2H5OH
Bi 5: Mt ancol no A c t khi hi i vi khng kh l 2,57. Ngi ta ly 3,7gam ancol cho tc
dng ht vi Na thu c 0,56lt H2 (ktc)
a/Tm CTPT ca A
b/Xc nh CTCT ca A bit rng khi un nng 180 0C c H2SO4 c ta thu c 2 olefin ?
s:C4H9OH
Bi 6. un 1,66 hn hp hai ancol vi H 2SO4 c, thu c hai anken ng ng k tip ca nhau.
Hiu sut gi thit l 100 %. Nu t hn hp anken cn dng 2,688 lt kh O 2 (ktc). Tm cng
thc cu to 2 ancol?
Bi 7: iu ch etylen ngi ta un nng ancol etylic 95 0 vi axit H2SO4 c 1700C. Tnh th
tch ancol 950 cn a vo phn ng thu c 2 lt etylen (ktc). Bit hiu sut phn ng t
60%, khi lng ring ca etylic l 0,8g/ml. Tnh lng ete sinh ra khi un nng mt th tich ancol nh trn
1400C vi axit H2SO4 c. Bit hiu sut cng t 60% ? s:8,99ml; 3,3g
Bi 8: Kh nc hon ton hn hp hai ancol ta thu c hn hp 2 anken ng ng lin tip co t khi
hi i vi H2 l 23,8
a/Tm CTPT vit CTCT v tnh % khi lng ca hai ancol trong hn hp
b/Tnh khi lng CO2 v hi nc to thnh khi t chy han 6,56g hn hp hai ancol trn ?
Bi 9: um m gam hn hp A gm ancol etylic v propylic vi H 2SO4 c ta c hn hp olefin kh X.
Ton b X lm mt mu 1lt dung dch brom 0,5M (va ). Bit t khi hi ca X so vi H 2 l 16,8.
a/Tnh gi tr ca m
b/Tnh th tch oxi (ktc) cn t chy 1/10 hn hp A ni trn? s:m=25,8g; 4,032lt
Bi 10: un nng mt ancol n chc vi H 2SO4 ta thu hircacbon c cu to i xng, 14g
hircacbon tc dng va vi 40g Br2. Xc nh CTCT ca ancol ban u? s:C2H5OH
Bi 11: Cho p(g) hn hp hai ancol tc dng vi Na thy thot ra x(l) H 2. .Nu un p(g) hn hp ancol
vi axit H2SO4 1800C th thu c V(l) hn hp hai Olfin ng ng lin tip. t cc Olfin ny c
y(l) CO2
a/Vit cc phng trnh phn ng di dng tng qut (dng cng thc chung) lp cc biu thc
tnh x, y theo p v V.
b/Cho p=4,48g; V=1,568(l); hy xc nh CTCT v tnh % ca mi ru trong hn hp, bit rng
hiu sut cc phn ng l 100%? s:67%;63%
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Bi 12:un nng hn hp 3 ancol X, Y, Z (u c s nguyn t C ln hn 1) vi H 2SO4 c 1700C thu

c hn hp 2 Olfin l ng ng lin tip. Ly 2 trong s 3 ancol trn un vi H 2SO4 c 1400C
c 1,32g hn hp 3 ete. Mt khc lm bay hi 1,32g 3 ete ny c th tch ng bng th tch ca
0,48 g Oxi (o cng iu kin)
a/Xc nh CTCT ca ba ancol X, Y, Z.
b/t chy hon ton 1,32g 3 ete ni trn ri cho ton b kh CO 2 sinh ra hp th ht vo 250ml
Ba(OH)2 c nng x (mol/l) th thu c 9,85g kt ta. Tnh x?
s:C 2H5OH;
C3H7OH; x=0,2M
Bi 13:Hn hp kh X gm hai anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t chy hon ton 5(l) hn
hp X cn va 18(l) oxi (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit p sut ).
1/Xc nh CTPT ca hai anken.
2/Hirat ha hon ton mt th tch X vi iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp ru Y, trong t
l v khi cc ru bc 1 so vi ru bc 2 l 28:15
a/Xc nh % khi lng mi ru trong hn hp ru Y
b/Cho hn hp ru Y th hi qua Cu un nng, nhng ru no b oxi ha thnh anhit? Vit
phng trnh phn ng?
s:C 2H4 v C3H6 %1-C3H7OH=34,88% ;%C2H5OH=53,49%; %nC3H7OH=11,63%
Bi 14. Mt ancol n chc A tc dng vi HBr cho hp cht B cha 54,8% Br v khi l ng. Nu un
nng A vi H2SO4 c thu c 3 anken. Vit CTCT ca A, B v cc anken?
Bi 15. un 2,72 gam hn hp hai ancol vi H 2SO4 c n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c
hai anken lin tip. Trn hai anken ny vi 24,64 lt khng kh nhit 0 0C, p sut 1atm thu c
hn hp X. t chy hon ton hn hp X trong bnh kn thu c hn hp Y. Sau khi ngng t ht hi nc
trong Y thu c hn hp Z c th tch l15,009 lt 27 oC v 1,6974 atm. Tm CTPT v khi lng ca
cc ancol trong hn hp? Bit O2 chim 20% th tch khng kh?
Bi 16. cho t t hp hai ancol no n chc mch h c cng s nguyn t C vo H 2SO4 c nhit
thch hp thu c 3 olfin( hn hp X). t chy hon ton 2,24 lt hn hp X ktc thu c 17,6
gam CO2. XCTCT ca 3 olfin v 2 ancol?
Bi 17. Thc hin phn ng tch nc mt ancol n chc A iu kin thch hp, sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton thu c cht hu c B. T khi ca B so vi A bng 1,7. xc nh CTCT ca A?
Bi 18. un nng hn hp ancol 2 n chc mch h vi H 2SO4 c c hn hp cc este. Ly mt
trong cc este em t chy hon ton ta c n x:nCO2 : nH2O = 0,25:1:1. Xc nh cng thc ca cc
ancol.
Bi 19. Cho Vl (ktc) hh kh gm 2 olefin lin tip nhau trong dy ng ng hp n c ( c H2SO4 long
xc nh) thu c 6,45g hh gm 3 ancol ( hh A ). em un hh A trong H 2SO4c 1400C thu c
5,325g hh B gm 6 este khan. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca cc olefin cc ancol v cc este. ( Bit
hiu sut phn ng 100% ).
Bi 20. un nng 132,8g hh B gm 3 ancol no, n chc mch h AOH, BOH, ROH vi H 2SO4 c
1400C thu c 111,2g hh 6 este c s mol bng nhau. Mt khc un nng hn hp B vi H 2SO4 c
thu c hh kh ch gm 2 anken.
a) Xc nh cng thc phn t , vit cng thc cu to ca cc ancol?
b) Tnh % khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp B?
c) Tnh % khi lng mi anken trong hh ca chng?
Bi 21. khi un nng m gam ancol no n chc mch h X vi H 2SO4 c lm xc tc nhit
thch hp thu c m2 gam hp cht hu c B. T khi hi ca B so vi X l 0,7. X CTCT ca X?
Cu 1. Chia a gam hn hp 2 acol no, n chc, mch h thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt
mang t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Phn hai tch nc hon ton thu c hn hp 2
anken. t chy hon ton 2 anken ny c m gam H2O, xc nh gi tr ca m?
Cu 2. t chy hon ton m gam 2 ancol l ng ng k tip ca nhau thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v
7,65 g H2O. Mt khc nu cho m gam hn hp 2 ancol trn tc dng vi Na th thu c 2,8 lt kh H2
(ktc). Xc nh CTPT vit CTCT ca hai ancol trn?
Cu 3. Chia m gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol A v B thnh 2 phn bng nhau :
Phn 1 : Cho tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,68 lt H2 (ktc)
Phn 2 : t chy hon ton thu c 9,9 gam CO2 v 6,75 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m ?
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Cu 4. t chy hon ton mt ancol X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th tch
kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO 2 thu c ( cng iu kin ). Cng
thc phn t ca X?
Cu 5. Khi t chy hon ton 6,44g mt ancol no mch h A th thu c 9,24g CO2 . Mt khc khi
cho 1 mol A tc dng vi K thu c 33,6l H2 ( ktc). Tm cng thc phn t vit cng thc cu to ca
A?
Cu 6. X l ancol no mch h khi t chy hon ton 1 mol X cn va 3,5 mol O 2. Xc nh cng
thc cu to ca X?
Cu 7. t chy hn hp 2 ancol n chc k tip trong cng dy ng ng thu c CO2 v hi nc
theo t l th tch VCO2 : VH2O = 7 : 10. Tm cng thc cu to v % s mol ca cc ancol ?
Cu 8. Cho hn hp X gm 0,05 mol ancol no n chc mch h v 0,1 mol ancol n chc mch h
cha mt lin kt i.
a) Xc nh CTPT ca cc ancol, bit khi t chy hon ton hh X thu c 10,08 l CO2 ( ktc)?
b) Vit CTCT ca cc ng phn ca cc ancol. T xc nh CTCT ca cc ancol trong hh
X. Bit chng u khng tham gia phn ng tch nc ( H2SO4 , 1700C ).
Cu 9. t chy hon ton 0,5 mol mt ancol no a chc X thu c 33,6l CO2 ktc. Xc nh CTPT,
vit CTCT ca X bit MX = 92.
Cu 10. Mt hn hp gm C2H5OH v ankanol A ( MA > 46 ). t chy cng s mol mi ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Nu un hh vi H 2SO4 c 1800C th
ch thu c hai olefin . Xc nh CTPT vit CTCT ca cc ancol ?
Cu 11. t chy hon ton a(g) hh X gm 3 ancol n chc A, B, C thuc cng dy ng ng th
thu c 4,4 g CO2 v 2,7g H2O
a) Xc nh dy ng ng ca 3 ancol trn v vit CTTQ ca chng?
b) Cho 2,3 g hh X tc dng vi Na d. Tnh th tch H2 thu c ktc?
Cu 12: Tm CTPT, CTCT ca cc ankanol cha
a/52,1739% C b/50% Oxi
c/13,33 Hiro? s:a/C 2H5OH; b/CH3OH; c/C3H7OH
Cu 12. Cho 7,6gam hn hp C2H5OH v C3H7OH tc dng ht vi Na ngi ta thu c 1,68 lt H2(ktc)
a/Xc nh khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp
b/ t chy ht 15,2gam hn hp trn cn bao nhiu lt kh oxi (o 1atm v 25 0C)
c/Dn ton b sn phm t chy trn vo 1050ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Tnh khi l ng mui
to thnh? s:a/ C2H5OH(4,6g); C3H7OH(3g); b/25,67lt; c/NaHCO3(29,4g); Na2CO3(37,1g)
Cu 13. Cho 10ml ancol etylic 960 tc dng vi Na d
a/Vit phng trnh phn ng v tnh khi lng ancol nguyn cht tham gia phn ng, bit D ru =0,8g/ml
b/Ly 100ml ru 960 trn c th pha c bao nhiu lt ancol 400
c/Ly 50ml ru trn th iu ch c bao nhiu gam dung dch axit axetic 5%. Bit hiu sut
phn ng t 90%? s:a/7,68g; b/240ml; c/ 901,8g
Cu 14. Mt hn hp A gm hai ancol lin tip thuc dy ng ng ca ancol etylic. Nu ly 5,3g
hn hp A cho tc dng vi Na d ri dn kh thot ra cho qua CuO d nung nng thu c 0,9g nc .Nu
t chy han ton 1,06g hn hp A cho kh thot ra vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d th c 5 gam kt ta
a/Tm CTPT, CTCT ca hai ancol?
b/Tnh % theo khi lng ca hai ancol trong hn hp A ?
s:C 2H5OH (43,4%) v
C3H7OH(56,6%)
Cu 15. Oxi ha hon ton 0,88g mt ancol no, n chc, mch h A bng mt lng CuO d nung
nng. Sau th nghim thy khi lng bt ng oxit gim 2,4gam ng thi thu c m gam hn hp
CO2 v H2O
a/Tnh m
b/Tm CTPT ca A
c/Vit CTCT v gi tn cc ng phn c phn ng vi Na ?
s: m=3,28g; C5H12O
Cu 16. t chy hon ton a (g) hn hp hai ancol thuc dy ng ng ca ru etylic thu c 70,4g
CO2 v 39,6g H2O. Tnh gi tri a v thnh phn % v khi lng ca hai ancol trong hn hp, bit t
khi hi ca mi ru so vi Oxi u nh hn 2? s: C2H5OH (27,71%); C3H7OH (72,29%)
TRNG THPT TN CHU

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Cu 17. Mt hn hp C2H5OH v ankanol A. t chy cng s mol mi ancol th lng H2O sinh ra t ru
ny bng 5/3 lng H2O sinh ra t ancol kia. Nu un nng hn hp vi H 2SO4 c ch thu c 2 olefin.
xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca A?
s:C 4H9OH
Cu 18. t chy hon ton 1,8g mt cht hu c X thu c 3,96g CO2 v 2,16g H2O. T khi X so vi
khng kh bng 2,069
a/Xc nh CTPT ca X
b/X tc dng vi Na, b oxi ha bi Oxi khi Cu xc tc to thnh anhit. Vit CTCT gi tn X
c/Trn 120g X vi 180g axit axtic v un nng khi c H 2SO4 c th to ra bao nhiu g sn
phm (cht hu c) nu hiu sut phn ng l 68% ? s:C 3H7OH; 138,72g
Cu 19. Chia hn hp A gm ancol metylic v 1 ru ng ng thnh 3 phn bng nhau :
-Cho phn th nht tc dng ht vi Na thy bay ra 336ml H 2 (kc) .
-Oxi ha phn th 2 bng Cu thnh anhit (hiu sut 100%), sau cho tc dng vi AgNO 3
trong NH3 d th thu c 10,8g Ag
-Cho phn th 3 bay hi v trn vi mt lng d oxi th thu c 5,824(l) kh ( 136,5 0C v
0,75atm).Sau khi bt tia la in t chy ht ru th thu c 5,375(l) kh ( 136,50C v 1 atm).
a/Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra
b/Xc nh CTPT ca ru ng ng. s:C4H9OH
Cu 20. t chy hon ton a (g) hn hp hai ancol thuc dy ng ng ca ancol etylic thu c
70,4g CO2 v 39,6g H2O. Tnh gi tri a v thnh phn % v khi lng ca hai ru trong hn hp, bit t
khi hi ca mi ancol so vi Oxi u nh hn 2?
s:C 2H5OH (27,71%);
C3H7OH (72,29%)
Cu 21t chy 23g mt hp cht hu c A thu c 44g CO2 v 27g H2O.
a/Chng minh rng A l mt hp cht no c cha Oxi.
b/Xc nh CTCT ca A bit rng A tc dng vi Na to ra kh H 2 .
c/Mt hn hp X gm A v mt hp cht B thuc cng dy ng ng vi A, khi lng ca X l
18,8g. X tc dng vi Na d to ra 5,6lt H2 (kc). Xc inh B v thnh phn hn hp X?
s:C2H5OH(0,2mol);CH3OH(0,3mol)
Cu 22. t chy 1,06g hn hp hai ancol ng ng lin tip ca ancol mtylic ri cho kh to thnh
i qua l(lt) dung dch NaOH 2M sau phn ng nng NaOH cn 0,1M. mt khc ly 1 l ng ancol
nh th cho tc dng vi Na, ly kh bay ra trn vi 154ml axtilen sau cho hn hp kh qua bt Ni
t nng th thu c 1 hn hp kh mi trong c 70ml etan hiu sut cc phn ng l 100% .Xc
nh CTPT ca cc ancol? s:C2H5OH; C3H7OH
Cu 23. t chy hon ton 1,8g mt cht hu c X thu c 3,96g CO2 v 2,16g H2O. T khi X so vi
khng kh bng 2,069
a/Xc nh CTPT ca X
b/X tc dng vi Na, b oxi ha bi Oxi khi Cu xc tc to thnh anhit. Vit CTCT gi tn X
c/Trn 120g X vi 180g axit axtic v un nng khi c H 2SO4 c th to ra bao nhiu g sn phm
(cht hu c) nu hiu sut phn ng l 68%?
s:C 3H7OH;
138,72g
Cu 24. Trong mt bnh kn dung tch 16(l) cha hn hp hi ca 3 ancol n chc, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng. Gi nhit bnh 136,5 0C ri bm thm 17,9g Oxi vo bnh thy p sut
bnh t n 1,68atm. Bt tia la in t chy ht hn hp. Sn phm chy cho qua bnh ng
dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 22,92g ng thi sut hin 30g kt ta
a/Nu sau khi bt tia la in t chy ht hn hp ancol gi bnh 273 0C th p sut kh
trong bnh l bao nhiu.
b/Xc nh cng thc ca 3 ancol.
s:p=2,658atm; CH 3OH
Cu 25. a/t chy hon ton mt lng ancol n chc A thu c 13,2g CO2 v 8,1g H2O. Xc nh
CTCT ca A
b/Hn hp X gm A, B l ng ng ca nhau. Khi cho 18,8g hn hp X tc dng vi Na d thu c
5,6(l) H2 (kc). Xc nh CTCT ca B v s mol ca mi ancol trong X
c/t chy hon ton hn hp X trn ri cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng nc vi trong d thu c
35g kt ta tnh khi lng em t chy.

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GV: MAI VN HI

d/Oxi ha m(g) hn hp X trn bng Oxi c bt Cu xc tc thu c hn hp Y cho hn hp Y tc dng

vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 d thu c 8,64g kt ta. Tnh m? s:A:C 2H5OH, B:CH3OH ;0,2(mol) v
0,3( mol) ;c/9,4g; d/m=0,94g
Cu 26. Chia hn hp A gm metylic v 1 ru ng ng thnh 3 phn bng nhau :
-Cho phn th nht tc dng ht vi Na thy bay ra 336ml H 2 (kc) .
-Oxi ha phn th 2 bng Cu thnh anhit (hiu sut 100%), sau cho tc dng vi AgNO 3
trong NH3 d th thu c 10,8g Ag
-Cho phn th 3 bay hi v trn vi mt lng d oxi th thu c 5,824(l) kh ( 136,5 0C v
0,75atm).Sau khi bt tia la in t chy ht ru th thu c 5,375(l) kh ( 136,50C v 1 atm).
a/Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra
b/Xc nh CTPT ca ancol ng ng. s:C 4H9OH
Cu 27. t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp hai ancol no n chc mch h ri cho sn phm thu c
vo bnh th nht ng P2O5 v vo bnh th hai ng NaOH d. Sau th nghim khi lng bnh th
nht tng 12,6g v bnh th hai tng 22g .
a/ Xc nh gi tr m v CTPT ca hai ancol ni trn. Bit phn t ca chng hn km nhau mt
nhm CH2
b/Oxi ha m(g) hn hp hai ancol trn Cu t nng. Sau ly sn phm em thc hin phn
ng trng gng th thu c Ag khng ln hn 21,6g. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc.Tnh khi
lng ca mi ru v vit CTCT ca chng?
s:m=10,6g; C 2H5OH(4,6g);
C3H7OH(6g)
Cu 28. Ha hi hon ton 6,42g hn hp X gm hai ancol no A v B ( 81,9 0C v 1,3atm) c mt
hn hp hi ca hai ancol c th tch 2,352(l). Cho cng lng hn hp ru X ny tc dng vi Kali d thu
c 1,848(l) kh H2 (kc).Mt khc t chy hon ton cng lng hn hp X thu c 11,2g kh CO2. Xc
nh CTPT v khi lng ancol, bit rng s nhm chc trong B nhiu hn trong A mt n v?
s:A:C3H7OH(2,7g);B:C2H4(OH)2(3,72g)
Cu 29. t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp X gm hai ancol A v B thuc cng dy ng ng c
6,72(l) CO2 v 7,65g H2O. Mt khc m(g) X tc dng ht vi Na c 2,8(l) H2 (kc)
a/Xc nh CTCT ca A v B. Bit t khi hi ca mi cht trong hn hp X so vi H 2 u nh
hn 46.
b/Tnh % v khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp X.
s:m=8,45g C 2H4(OH)2(55%) v
C3H6(OH)2(45%) hoc C2H4(OH)2(73,37%) v C4H8(OH)2(26,63%)
Cu 30+)Th nghim 1:Trn 0,015mol ancol no A vi 0,02mol ancol no B ri cho hn hp tc dng ht
vi Na c 1,008(l) H2 (kc)
+)Th nghim 2: Trn 0,02 mol A vi 0,015mol B ri cho hn hp tc dng ht vi Na c 0,952(l) H2
(kc)
+)Th nghim 3: t chy hon ton 1 lng hn hp ancol nh trong th nghim 1 ri cho tt c sn
phm chy I qua bnh ng CaO mi nung d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21g .
a/Tm CTPT v CTCT gi tn cc ancol?
b/Cho 1 lng hn hp ancol nh th nghim 2 tham gia phn ng este ha vi 6 g axt axtic. Tnh
khi lng mi este thu c gi s hiu sut phn ng este ha l 100% ?
s:A:Etylenglycol ; B:Glixrol 2,92g v 3,27g

PHENOL
Bi 1:Cho 62,4g dung dch gm phenol, ru etylic c ln nc tc dng vi Na kim loi th thu c 11,2
lt kh (ktc) . Mt khc, nu cho lng hn hp ny tc dng vi 200ml dung dch NaOH 2M th
va . Tm thnh phn % v khi lng ca hn hp
s:%C 6H5OH=60,256;
%C2H5OH=36,859; %H2O=2,885
Bi 2:a/Dung dch Natri phenolat b vn c khi thi kh CO 2 vo .Vit pt phn ng v gii thch
hin tng
b/Cho nc brom d v dung dch phenol thu c 6,62g kt ta trng. Tnh khi lng phenol c
trong dung dch?s:1,88g
TRNG THPT TN CHU

BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11

GV: MAI VN HI

Bi 3:Mt dung dch cha 6,1g cht ng ng ca phenol n chc. Cho dung dch trn tc dng
vi nc brom d thu c 17,95g hp cht cha ba nguyn t brom trong phn t .Xc nh CTPT ca
cht s:C8H10O
Bi 4:Mt hn hp gm ru metylic, ru etylic v phenol c khi lng 28,9g. Chia hn hp thnh hai phn
bng nhau. Phn 1 cho phn ng hon ton vi Na cho 2,806(l) H 2 ( 270C, 750mm Hg). Phn 2 cho
phn ng va ht vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M
a/Vit cc phn ng xy ra
b/Tnh thnh phn % cc cht trong hn hp?
s:%CH 3OH=11,07;
%C2H5OH=23,88
Bi 5 :t chy 5,8g cht hu c Ata thu c 2,65g Na2CO3, 2,25g H2O v 12,1g CO2
a/ Xc nh C.T.P.T. ca A, bit 1 phn t A ch cha 1 nguyn t oxi
b/ Cho kh CO2 sc vo dung dch ca A thu c cht B l mt dn xut ca benzen . trung
ha a(g) hn hp gm B v mt ng ng tip theo C ca B cn dng 200(g) dung dch NaOH
nng (6a/31)%. Tnh t l s mol ca B v C trong hn hp X
s:n B:nC=12
Bi 6 : a/Xc nh thnh phn % khi lng hn hp (A) gm benzen, phenol v ru etylic, bit rng :
* 71,1(g) (A)trung ha va 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,25M
* 142,2(g) (A) tc dng vi Na d gii phng 14,784lt H2 (o 27,3 C , 1 atm)
b/ Tch phenol ra khi 71,1(g) hn hp (A) trn ri cho lng phenol ny tc dng vi 630 (g) HNO3
Phn ng hon ton cho ra 1 sn phm th duy nht cha 18,34% N . Tnh s mol HNO 3 cn
li
s:%C6H5OH=66,1; %C2H5OH=6,47; b/ 8,5mol
Bi 7: a/ Axit picric(tc 2,4,6_trintophenol) c iu ch bng cch cho phenol tc dng vi hn hp
gm axit nitric c v axit sunfuric c(lm cht xc tc). Vit phng trnh phn ng
b/ Cho 47g phenol tc dng vi hn hp gm 200g HNO 3 68% v 250g H2SO4 96%. Ga s phn
ng xy ra hon ton, hy tnh: Khi lng axit picric sinh ra v nng % HNO 3 cn d sau khi tch
ht axit picric ra khi hn hp?
s:m=114,5g; C%HNO 3 d=10,85
Bi 8:a/ C 2 ng nghim khng nhn cha tng cht ring bit : ru n_butylic, phenol (lng). Bng
phng php ha hc, hy nhn bit xem ng nghim no ng cht g ? Vit phng trnh phn ng.
b/ Cho 1 hn hp gm ru n_butylic v phenol. Bng phng php ha hc , hy tch 2 cht ra
khi nhau . Vit phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 9:Tm CTPT v CTCT cc cht trong mi trng hp sau:
a/0,54g mt ng ng ca phenol (n chc) trung ha va bi 10ml NaOH 0,5M
b/t chy hon ton 1,22g mt ru thm n chc thu c 3,52 g CO2
Bi 10:1/i t cht ban u l metan, cc cht v c v iu kin phn ng cn thit hy vit phng
trnh iu ch:
a/Nha phenolfomanehit
b/Anehit benzoic
2/Cho Na ln lt vo ru etylic; axit axetic; phenol. Trng hp no xy ra phn ng? Nu thay bng
dung dch NaOH; Na2CO3 th kt qu th no. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng
Bi 11:Bng phng php ha hc hy phn bit cc cht lng:
a/Benzen; phenol; ru benzylic; stiren; toluen
b/Phenol; ru n-propylic; glixerin
Bi 12:t chy hon ton 0,324g hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O). Sn phm chy c dn qua
bnh cha
380ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,05ml ta thy kt ta b tan mt phn ng thi khi lng
bnh tng ln 1,14g.
Cn nu sn phm chy dn qua 220ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,1M th kt ta
cc i.
Tm CTPT ca X bit rng t khi hi ca X so vi He l 27
Bi 13:Hn hp gm axit benzoic v phenol lm mt mu va 1,5kg nc Brom 3,2%. trung ha
cc cht sau th nghim phi dng 180,2ml dung dch NaOH 10% (D=1,11 g/ml). Xc nh thnh
phn hn hp
Bi 14:a/T vi v cc cht v c cn thit hy iu ch phenol v axit picric
b/Axit benzylic t phenol v ngc li

ANEHiT
TRNG THPT TN CHU

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Bai 1:Cho 0,87(g) mt anhit no n chc phn ng hon ton vi Ag 2O trong dd NH3 sinh ra
3,24(g)Ag
a/ Vit C.T.C.T ca anhit
b/ Cho 11,6(g) anhit trn phn ng vi H 2(Ni xc tc) .Tnh VH2 (kc) phn ng v khi lng
sn phm thu c gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton?
s:C 2H5CHO; V=4,48(l); m=12g
Bi 2:a/ Mt hn hp gm 2 anhit A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng ng ca anhit no n chc.
Cho1,02(g) hn hp trn phn ng vi Ag 2O trong dd NH3 thu c 4,32(g) Ag .Vit C.T.C.T ca A, B
bit phn ng xy ra hon ton? s:A:CH3CHO; B:C2H5CHO
b/ Cho 0,92(g) hn hp axetilen v anhit axtic phn ng vi dd AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu c
5,64(g) hn hp rn . Tnh % cc cht trong hn hp u? s:%C 2H2=28,26%;
Bi 3: 0,01 mol ca 1 cht hu c A c t khi hi so vi etilen l 2,5 phn ng hon ton vi 100ml
dung dch AgNO3 0,3M trong NH3 sinh ra Ag . Sau phn ng phi dng 50ml NaCl 0,2M tc
dng ht vi lng AgNO3 cn tha .Mt khc 3,5(g) cht A phn ng va vi 1,12(l) H 2 (0 C, 2 atm)
khi c Ni xc tc cho ta 1 sn phm duy nht B
a/ Xc nh C.T.P.T v vit C.T.C.T c th c ca A
b/ Cho ton b cht B phn ng vi 3,6(g) axit axetic khi c H 2SO4 nu hiu sut l 80% .Hy
tnh khi lng ca cht to thnh?
s:
C3H5CHO; 4,64g
Bi 5 : (Vin i hc M HN) : Trong 1 bnh kn dung tch 10(l) cha hn hp 3 anhit n chc A,
B, D (phn t khng cha lin kt 3) v 16g oxi (d) .un nng bnh n 136,5 C cho anehit
bay hi hon ton , p sut trong bnh lc l 2,016 atm. Bt tia la in t chy hon ton
hn hp sau a nhit bnh v 273 p sut trong bnh l P . Cho ton b sn phm chy
ln lt i qua 2 bnh : bnh (1) ng H 2SO4 c, bnh (2) ng dung dch cha 0,1mol Ba(OH) 2,
khi lng bnh (1) tng 2,34(g) bnh (2) thu c 1,82(g) kt ta .un nng bnh (2) li thu c thm
m(g) kt ta na
a/Tnh m v P
b/ Tm C.T.P.T ,C.T.C.T ca A, B, D bit rn B, D c cng s nguyn t C s mol A gp 4 ln
tng s mol B v D?
s: m=7,88g P=1,9
atm ,C2H5CHO, C3H4CHO
Bi 6 : Hn hp A gm 1 anhit l ng ng ca anhit fomic v 1 axit no n chc . Lng Ag thu
c khi oxi ha hon ton lng anhit trong A bng phn ng trng gng , cho tc dng vi HNO 3 d thu
c 0,2016(l) NO .Lng axit trong A tc dng vi Na 2CO3 d thu c 0,336(l) CO2 .t chy ton b hn
hp A ,lng CO2 to thnh cho hp th hon ton vo 435ml dd NaOH 0,5M c dd B .Cho B tc dng
vi CaCl2 d c 10,05(g) kt ta .Tm C.T.C.T v tnh khi lng mi cht trong A ( cc th tch kh
o ktc)s: CH3CHO; C2H5COOH
Bi 7 : (H Hng Hi ): Hn hp X gm 2 anehit no Av B . Cho 2,04g X tc dng va vi dd
AgNO3 c s tham gia ca NH3 . Sau phn ng thu c 12,96g Ag .M t khc em 2,04g X ha hi
hon ton th thu c 0,896(l) hi ( 136,5 C , 1,5 at m)
a/ Xc nh C.T.P. T v C.T.C.T c th c ca A, B bit rng s mol ca A v B trong X l
bng nhau
b/ Cho hn hp X tc dng vi vi lng d AgNO3 c s tham gia ca NH3 .Sau khi phn ng xong ta
thm t t dd H2SO4 long vo dd trn th thy c 1 cht kh bay ra . Hy vit C.T.C.T ng ca Av B
s:HCHO;
C3H7CHO
Bi 7 (H Cn Th): Cho 1 cht hu c mch h c 3 ngyun t (C, H ,O) Nhm chc trong X ch c
ru hoc anehit hoc c 2 .Khi t chy 1 mol hircacbon c C.T.P.T ging nh gc hiroccbon
ca X th thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. T khi hi ca X so vi mtan l 4,625. Xc nh
C.T.C.T
c
th
c
ca
X?
s: HO-C2H4-CHO
Bi 8 : (H Ti Chnh ) : Mt hp cht hu c A (gm C,H,O) ch cha 1 loi nhm chc . Cho 1 mol
A tc dng vi lng d ddAgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c 4 mol Ag . Xc nh C.T.C.T ca A. Bit rng oxi
chim
37,21%
v
khi
lng
trong
phn
t
ca
A
s : C2H4(CHO)2
TRNG THPT TN CHU

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GV: MAI VN HI

Bi 9 ( Hc Vin CNBC) : Hp cht hu c X ( ch cha C,H,O) . T khi ca X so vi H 2 bng 30. X

khng tc dng vi Na gii phng H 2 , X tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dd NH3 gii phng Ag . vit
C.T.C.T ca X v cc ng phn ca X .Cho bit tnh cht ha hc c trng ca cc ng phn
ny
Bi 10(H Kinh T ) : Cho 2,2g hp cht X n chc cha C,H,O phn ng ht vi Ag 2O trong NH3
to ra 10,8g Ag
1/ Vit C.T.C.T thu gn v gi tn X
2/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi iu ch X t ankan tng ng
3 T X v cc cht v c cn thit hy vit cc phng trnh c dng iu ch
a/ Etyl axetat
b/Etylen glycol
4/dng 1 thuc th hy tm cch phn bit X vi cc cht va c iu ch trn
s:X:CH3CHO
Bi 11: (H Dn lp Vn Lang ): Mt hp cht hu c c C.T.P.T C 3H6O2 . i tm hiu C. T.C.T ngi
ta ln lt lm cc th nghim :
* Cho tc dng vi Na c kh thot ra
* Cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 / NH3 c kt ta bc
* Cho tc dng vi H2 c Ni xc tc c 1 cht c kh nng ha tan Cu(OH)2
Lp lun vit C.T.C.T ca cht hu c . Vit cc phn ng nu trn
Bi 12( H Lut) : Cho 10,5g mt anehit mch thng X c cng thc R(CHO) n thc hin phn ng
trng gng (hiu sut 100%) Ly lng Ag thu c ha tan trong H2SO4 ,n thu c kh Y. Cho kh Y
hp th hon ton trong dd NaOH th thu c 12,6g mui trung ha v 5,2g mui axit
1/Xc nh C.T.P.T ca X bit khi lng phn t ca X nh hn 130 v.C
2/Ly 14g X chuyn ha thnh axit tng ng chia lng axit ny thnh 2 phn bng nhau
-Phn 1 ha tan ht vo m(g) nc c dd A cho K d vo A sau phn ng thu c 64 (l) H2
(69,80C;
1,12 atm ). Tnh khi lng m
- Phn 2 cho tc dng vi mt lng ru n chc thu c mt este E. t chy ht E th cn 16,8
(l) O2 (kc). Sn phm chy gm CO2 v hi nc c t l th tch tng ng l 6:5. Xc nh CTPT
ca E
s:C3H5CHO; m=90g; E:C3H5COOC2H5
Bi 13: Cho 6,16g 1 andehit A l ng ng ca andehit fomic tc dng ht vi Cu(OH) 2 trong dd
NaOH thu c 20,16g kt ta gch
a/Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra
b/
Tm
cng
thc
ca
A
s:CH3CHO
Bi 14: Hp cht hu c A cha C,H,O trong phn t A ch cha 1 loi nhm nh chc .Khi cho
1mol A tc dng Vi AgNO 3 trong NH3 d th thu c 4 mol Ag .Xc nh cng thc ca A .Bit phn t
A c 37,21% oxi v khi lng? s:C2H4(CHO)2
Bi 15: Cho 7,2 mt andehit no A tc dng vi dd AgNO 3 trong NH3 d sinh ra Ag lc ra ri ha tan
hon ton Ag trong HNO 3m c thu c 4,48(l) kh mu nu (ktc) .Nu cho A tc dng vi H 2 ta
c ru n chc B c mch nhnh .Xc nh C.T.C.T ca A v B? s:C 3H7CHO
Bi 16: t chy hon ton 0,175g cht hu c A (C,H,O) thu c 0,224(l) CO2(ktc) v 0,135g
H2O.T khi hi ca A so ci hiro bng 35
a/Xc nh CTPT ca A
b/Cho 0,35g A tc dng vi Hidro (c bt Ni xc tc )ta thu c 0,296g ru iso butylic .Vit CTCT v
gi tn A .Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng to thnh ru?
s:C 3H5CHO;
80%
Bi 17:Ngi ta iu ch andehit axetic bng cch cho 48g ru etylic tc dng vi hn hp gm K 2Cr2O7
v
H2SO4 .Sn phm sinh ra c tch ngay ra khi mi trng phn ng bng cch trng ct v dn
vao dd
AgNO3 trong NH3 d .Sau phn ng ngi ta ly bc kim loi ra ,sy kh v cn c 123,8g
a/Vit phng trnh phn ng oxi ha ru tylic ni trn ,bit rng rong phn ng K 2Cr2O7 c
chuyn
TRNG THPT TN CHU
BI TP T LUN HA HU C 11
GV: MAI VN HI

thnh Cr2(SO4)3 v K2SO4

b/Gii thch ti sao phi tch ngay andehit ra khi mi trng phn ng
c/Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ha? s:54,93%
Bi 18:Oxi ha m(g) ru n chc bc 1 A bng CuO c anhit B. Hn hp kh v hi thu c sau
phn ng c chia lm 3 phn bng nhau:
-Phn 1 cho tc dng vi Na d c 5,6(l) H2 (kc)
-Phn 2 cho tc dung vi AgNO3 /NH3 c 64,8 g Ag
-Phn 3 em t chy hon ton bng oxi c 33,6(l) CO2 (kc) v 27g H2O
a/Tnh hiu sut phn ng oxi ha ru thnh anhit
b/Xc nh CTCT ca A v B?
s:60%; C 3H5OH; C2H3CHO
Bi 19:Cho hn hp B gm 2 anhit no, n chc mch thng k tip nhau trong dy ng ng.
Khi cho 3,32 g hn hp B tc dng vi dd AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c 10,8g Ag. Mt khc nu cho 3,32 g hn
hp B tc dng H2 d c xc tc Ni nung nng thu c hn hp hai ru chia hn hp ru ny thnh hai phn
bng nhau
-Phn 1 cho tc dng vi Na d sinh ra V1 (l) H2 ( 27,30C, 1 atm)
-Phn 2 cho tc dng vi CH3COOH d thu c b(g) hn hp hai este.
a/Tm CTPT v s mol ca mi anhit trong B
b/Tm V1 v b
s:C2H5CHO; C3H7CHO; 0,03; 0,02; 0,308(l); 2,76g
Bi 20:Chia 23,6g hn hp 2 ankanal A, B lm hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho tc dng va
3,36(l) H2 ( 00C v 2 atm). Phn 2 cho tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d
a/Xc nh A v B bit rng B hn A 2 nguyn t cacbon
b/Tnh khi lng Ag thu c phn 2? s:HCHO;108g

AXIT cacboxylic
Bi 1: trung ha 20ml dung dch ca mt axit hu c no n chc cn dng 30ml dung dch
NaOH 0,5M
a/Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch axit
b/C cn dung dch trung ha thu c 1,44g mui khan. Xc nh CTPT, CTCT v gi tn axit
s:0,75M;
Propanoic
Bi 2: trung ha hon ton 7,4g hn hp hai axit hu c l ng ng ca axit fomic c s mol
bng nhau th cn 200ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M
a/Xc nh CTCT ca 2 axit
b/Nu c cn dung dch trung ha th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan .
s:CH3COOH; C3H7COOH;
9,6g
Bi 3:Cho 3,15g mt hn hp gm axit acrylic, axetic, propionic lm mt mu hon ton dung dch
cha 3,2 g brom. trung ha hon ton 3,15 g cng hn hp trn cn 90ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M.
Tnh
khi
lng
ca
tng
axit
trong
hn
hp?
s:1,44g; 0,6g; 1,11g
Bi 4:Ha tan 26,8g hn hp gm 2 axit cacboxylic no n chc vo nc .Chia dung dch thnh 2
phn bng nhau. Cho phn 1 phn ng hon ton vi AgNO 3/NH3 ly d thu c 21,6g bc kim loi
.Phn 2 c trung ha hon ton bi 200ml dung dch NaOH 1M Xc nh CTCT ca 2 axit v tnh
khi lng ca chng c trong hn hp?
s:HCOOH
(9,2g);C3H7COOH(17,6)
Bi 5: Cho 6,6g hn hp gm axit axetic v 1 axit n chc B tc dng ht vi dung dch KOH thu c 10,4 g hn hp 2 mui
a/ Tnh tng s mol 2 axit dng
b/ Cho bit s mol 2 axit bng nhau .Xc ng CTCT ca B
c/Khi nung nng hn hp mui trn vi KOH d ta thu c hn hp kh .Tnh t khi hi ca hn hp
kh i vi H2
s: a/0,1mol b/CH 2=CH-COOH
c/1,1
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Bi 6:Oxi ha ru no n chc A thnh axit B tng ng. Ly 3,42g hn hp A v B cho tc dng vi Na

d sinh ra 0,56 lt H2 (kc)
a/Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A v B
b/un 3,42 g hn hp trn c H 2SO4 c lm xc tc tnh khi lng cht hu c C sinh ra nu
hiu sut l 80%?
s:C 3H7OH; C2H5COOH;
1,856g
Bi 7:Cho 100 g dung dch 23% ca mt axit hu c no n chc A. Thm vo 30g mt axit k
tip B thu c dung dch D. Ly 1/10 dung dch D trung ha bng dung dch NaOH 2M cn ng
50ml dung dch NaOH.
a/Tnh nng % ca cc axit trong dung dch D
bXc nh CTPT ca A v B
c/Tnh khi lng mi mui khan thu c khi trung ha
s:A(17,69%); B(23,1%) HCOOH; CH3COOH; 75g
Bi 8:Cho 10g hn hp A gm axit fomic v axetic tc dng vi 392,8ml dung dch NaHCO 3 0,5M. Sau
phn ng phi dng 100ml dung dch HCl 0,36M tc dng ht vi lng NaHCO3 cn tha
a/Vit phn ng xy ra. Tnh % khi lng mi axit trong hn hp
b/Cho 10g hn A tc dng vi 23 g ru etylic c H2SO4 lm xc tc. Tnh lng sn phm hu c thu
c nu hiu sut l 90% ?
s:51,52%; 48,48%; 13,85856g
Bi 9:t chy 4,3g cht hu c X cha C, H, O cho sn phm chy qua bnh cha dung dch
Ba(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 11,5g v c 39,4g kt ta. Khi ha hi 1,72g cht X th th tch
hi thu c bng th tch ca 0,56g N2 cng iu kin
a/Xc nh CTCT v gi tn X (bit X c cu to mch nhnh v tc dng vi Na 2CO3 gii phng
kh CO2)
b/Vit phn ng iu ch thy tinh hu c t X v mt ru thch hp
c/Dung dch X c nng 0,1M to ra mi trng c pH=3. Tnh in li ca X trong dung
dch
s:C3H5COOH; 1%
Bi 10:1/t chy hon ton 1,2g cht hu c A c 1,76g CO2 v 0,72g H2O. Xc nh CTPT ca A
v vit CTCT ca A bit A l axit n chc
2/Trung ha 100ml dung dch hn hp hai axit hu c gm CH 3COOH v ng ng k tip
cn 200ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Xc nh nng mol/l ca mi axit bit t s mol ca hai axit
trong hn hp l 2/3
3/Lm bay hi nc v nung hn hp mui sn phm ca qu trnh trung ha trn vi NaOH v vi
ti thu c hn hp kh vi hiu sut l 80%. Xc nh th tch hn hp kh thu c (kc) v t khi
so vi N2
s:CH3COOH; 0,4M; 0,6M; 1,792lt;
0,871
Bi 11:Cho hn hp gm 2 axit cacboxylic no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Ha tan
a(g) A vo nc ri em trung ha bng lng va dung dch NaOH sau em c cn dung dch
c 4,52g mui khan. Mt khc em t chy hon ton a(g) hn hp A ri cho ton b sn phm qua
bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c v bnh 2 ng lng d NaOH. Sau th nghim thy tng khi lng bnh
2 ln hn bnh 1 l 3,38g. Hy xc nh CTPT v tnh % khi lng mi axit trong A?
s:CH3COOH(35,1%); C2H5COOH(64,9%)
Bi 12:Trung ha 19,4g hn hp 2 axit cacboxylic no n chc bng mt lng va c cn c 30,8 g
hn hp mui
a/Tm tng s mol axit c trong 19,4g hn hp
b/Cn bao nhiu (l) O2 (kc) t chy ht 19,4g hn hp 2 axit trn
c/Bit hai axit k tip nhau trong dy ng ng xc nh CTCT ca tng axit. Tm khi l ng
ca tng axit trong hn hp?
s:16,8(l); CH 3COOH(7,4g);
C2H5COOH(12g)
Bi 13:A l hn hp anehit fomic v anehit axetic
1/Oxi ha m(g) hn hp A bng oxi thu c hn hp hai axit tng ng (hn hp B). Gi thit hiu
sut 100%. T khi hi ca B so vi A l a
a/Tm khong bin thin ca a
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b/Cho a=145/97. Tnh % khi lng mi anehit trong A

2/Oxi ha m gam hn hp A bng oxi c xc tc thu c m+1,6 gam hn hp B (hiu sut 100%).
Cn nu cho m gam hn hp A tc dng vi AgNO 3 /NH3 d th thu c 25,92g Ag. Tnh % khi lng
ca 2 axit trong B.
s:1,36<a<1,53; 77,3%; 22,7%; 16,08%;
83,92%
Bi 14:1/Cho Y l hn hp ca hai axit hu co no n chc, cho Y tc dng tht chm vi 500ml dung
dch Na2CO3 1M khng c kh thot ra. Phi thm ng 350ml dung dch axit HCl 2M vo phn
hy ht lng mui cacbonat trong dung dch thu c
2/t chy hon ton m(g) Y cho ton b sn phm qua bnh 1 ng H 2SO4 c bnh 2 ng
KOH d. Sau khi th nghim khi lng bnh 2 tng nhiu hn bnh 1l 36,4(g). Hi?
a/Tng s mol hn hp axit c trong m(g) Y
b/Xc nh CTPT ca hai axit bit chng k tip nhau trong dy ng ng
c/Tnh thnh phn % khi lng tng axit trong Y?
s:0,3mol; C 4H8O2; C5H10O2; 30,14%;
69,86%
Bi 15:Cho dung dch cha axit hu c mch thng v mui kim loi kim ca n chia dung dch
thnh hai phn bng nhau . Cho 120 ml dung dch NaHCO 3 1M (d) vo phn 1, lng NaHCO3 d cho
tc dng vi HCl thu c 0,896 lt CO2 (kc). C cn dung dch c hn hp hai mui khan c khi lng
l 17,66 g. Phn 2 cho tc dng va vi 30ml dung dch H 2SO4 2M
1/Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra
2/Xc nh CTPT, CTCT ca axit hu c v mui ca kim loi kim ca n? s:HOOC-COOH;
Kali
Bi 16:1/Cho m(g) ru A un vi H2SO4 1700C th thu c 2,688(l) kh ca mt anken (kc). Mt
khc t chy hon ton m(g) ru A ri cho ton b sn phm hp th ht vo bnh cha NaOH d th
khi lng bnh tng 17,04(g). Xc nh CTPT ca A v tnh m
2/B1 v B2 l hai axit no n chc lin tip. Ly B 1 v B2 ln lt cho phn ng vi cng 1 lng ru A
(cng theo t l mol 1:1 )vi xc tc H 2SO4 th rhu c 12,32g C1 v 14,28g C2 ( C1,C2l cc este tng
ng). Hn hp sau mi phn ng (sau khi loi H 2SO4 xc tc )u phn ng va vi 160ml dd
NaOH 1M Xc nh CTPT ca B1 B2 v tnh hiu sut phn ng este ha (bit rng hiu sut phn
ng este ha bng nhau)
s: A:C2H5OH B1: CH3COOH B2:C2H5COOH h=87,5%
Bi 17 : Mt hp cht hu c A(C,H,O)t chy cho nCO 2=nH2O .9gam A cho tc dng vi lng d dung
dch NaHCO3 thot ra 2,24(l) kh KTC 0,1 mol A+K d thot ra 2,24(l) kh (kc) .Tm cu to ca A
Bi 18: Hai axit cacboxylic Av B .Nu cho hn hp Av B tc dng ht vi Na thu c s mol H2
bng 1/2 tng s mol ca A v B trong hn hp .Nu trn 20g dung dch 23% ca A vi 50g dd
20,64% ca B c dd D. trung ha hon ton dd D cn 200ml dd NaOH 1,1 M.Tm CTCT ca
A,B
s:
Bi 19 :Cho m(g) hn hp 2 axit cacboxylic no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng A,B tc
dng vi 75ml dd NaOH 0,2M.Sau phi dng 25ml dd HCl 0,2M trung ha NaOH cn d .em c
cn dd nhn c sau trung ha n kh , thu c 1,0425g hn hp cc mui khan .Gi s cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton.
a/Xc nh CTPT ; CTCT ca 2 axit A B
b/Tnh gi tr m
s: a/ A(CH 2O2) B(C2H4O2)
b/0,53g
Bi 20 :Hn hp A gm 2 axit cacboxylic .Lm bay hi m(g) A c VA=V ca 8,4g N2 m gam Atc dng
Mg d cho 3,36(l) kh KTC v thu c 22,5g hn hp mui .Nu bt i 1 na mt trong 2 axit m
gam hn hp A ri cho phn cn li phn ng vi NaOH d th thu c 17,6g mui .Tm CTCT ca 2
axit bit rng A khng trng gng?
s:
Bi 21:Mt axit cacboxylic A mch thng c khi lng 7,2g phn ng vi dd Ca(OH) 2d to ra 9,1g
mui. Tm cu to ca A? s:

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