Mc lc

I. Tng quan................................................................................................................................2
1. Tng cng ty bia Si Gn...................................................................................................2
a. Lch s hnh thnh.......................................................................................................2
b. Cc giai on pht trin ca nh my........................................................................3
2. Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi...........................................................................................4
a. Lch s hnh thnh.......................................................................................................4
b. T chc........................................................................................................................5
II. Nguyn liu............................................................................................................................7
1. Nc...................................................................................................................................7
2. Malt.....................................................................................................................................7
3. Hoa houblon........................................................................................................................9
4. Go.....................................................................................................................................9
5. Men.....................................................................................................................................9
III. Quy trnh cng ngh.............................................................................................................9
1. Quy trnh sn xut..............................................................................................................9
2. Gii thch quy trnh...........................................................................................................11
a. Chun b nguyn liu................................................................................................11
b. Nghin.......................................................................................................................11
c. Nu dch nha..............................................................................................................11
d. Lc dch nha - Ra b...............................................................................................12
e. un si vi hoa houblon............................................................................................12
f. Tch b hoa houblon...................................................................................................13
g. Lm lnh v np O2 vo dch nha............................................................................13
h. Chun b men............................................................................................................13
i. Ln men chnh.............................................................................................................14
j. Ln men ph...............................................................................................................14
k. Lm trong bia............................................................................................................15
l. Bo ha CO2...............................................................................................................15
m. Chit v thanh trng bia...........................................................................................15
3. V sinh nh xng...........................................................................................................16
a. V sinh xng nu....................................................................................................16
b. V sinh xng ln men.............................................................................................16
c. V sinh xng chit - ng gi................................................................................16
IV. Sn phm...........................................................................................................................16
1. Ch tiu cht lng..........................................................................................................16
2. Sn phm..........................................................................................................................17
a. Si Gn Lager (Si Gn xanh 450ml)........................................................................17
b. Si Gn Export (Si Gn 355ml).........................................................................17

I. Tng quan
1. Tng cng ty bia Si Gn
a. Lch s hnh thnh
- Nh my bia Si Gn c xy dng t nm 1875 pha Ty Si Gn - Ch Ln, nhng
n nm 1910 mi chnh thc i vo hot ng, tnh n nay nh my h n 130 tu i.
Trc y, nh my l mt phn xng trc thuc h thng cng ty BGI c a Php do
Victor Lavue sng lp, sn xut bia, nc ngt, cy.
- Nhng ngy u thnh lp xng lm bia rt th s, nh lp ngi thp, l hi t bng
ci, phng tin vn chuyn bng xe b ko, bia nu theo cng ngh min Nam nc
Php. Thi k u xng ch sn xut bia, n nm 1910 xng sn xu t thm n c ng t
v nc .
- Nm 1927, cng vi vic m rng th trng thuc a ca Php, nh my c st
nhp vo hng BGI - mt hng ni ting chuyn sn xut bia, nc ngt ca Php t i
ng Dng v cc nc thuc a. Sn lng thi k ny khong hn 20 triu lt/nm.
- n nhng nm 50, nh my c u t nng cp thit b, s dng loi l t b ng
du FO, sn lng thi k ny tng ln 25 - 30 triu lt/nm. Trong giai on ny, cc c s
sn xut nc , nc ngt ln lt tch ra lp cc nh my c lp: Nh my bia Ch
Ln, Nh my nc Si Gn, Nh my nc ngt Chng Dng

- Nm 1964, dy chuyn sn xut t ng, sn lng bia tng ln 100 triu lt/nm. Nh
my s dng rt nhiu lao ng phc v cho 3 ca sn xut, nhng cc chc v quan trng
u do ngi Php nm gi. n nm 1976 - mt nm sau gii phng - Nh nc mua
li v pht trin cho n nay thnh mt nh my dn u v cht lng bia trong c nc.
b. Cc giai on pht trin ca nh my
Lch s pht trin ca SABECO gn lin vi qu trnh pht trin mnh m v b n
vng ca thng hiu bia Si Gn, thng hiu dn u ca Vit Nam.
Giai on 1977 - 1988:
- Ngy 01/06/1977, Cng ty Ru Bia Min Nam chnh thc tip nhn v qun l Nh
my Bia Ch Ln t hng BGI v hnh thnh nn Nh my Bia Si Gn. S n l ng bia nm
1977 t 2,5 triu lt/nm.
- Nm 1978, nh my y mnh sn xut, tng cht lng sn phm, chuyn s n xu t
bia hi sang bia lon to ra mt bc tin mi, sn lng t khong 30,5 triu lt/nm.
- Nm 1981, X nghip Lin hip Ru Bia NGK II c chuyn i t Cng ty R u
Bia Min Nam.
- Nm 1988, Nh my Bia Si Gn tr thnh n v hch ton c lp tr c thu c X
nghip Lin hip Ru Bia NGK II.
Giai on 1988 - 1993:
- T nm 1989 - 1993, h thng tiu th vi 20 chi nhnh trn c nc.
- Nm 1993, Nh my Bia Si Gn pht trin thnh Cng ty Bia Si Gn v i cc thnh
vin mi:
Nh my Nc Si Gn
Nh my C kh Ru Bia
Nh my Nc khong aKai
Cng ty Lin doanh Carnaud Metalbox Si Gn sn xut lon
Cng ty Lin doanh Thy Tinh Malaya Vit Nam sn xut chai thy tinh
Giai on 1994 - 1998:
- Nm 1994 - 1998, h thng tiu th t 31 chi nhnh trn c nc
- Nm1995, Cng ty Bia Si Gn thnh lp thnh vin mi X Nghip Vn Ti
- Nm 1996, tip nhn thnh vin mi Cng ty Ru Bnh Ty
- T nm 1996 - 1998 , thnh lp cc cng ty lin kt sn xut Bia Si Gn v i cc thnh
vin :
Nh my Bia Ph Yn
Nh my Bia Cn Th
Giai on 1999 - 2002:
- Nm 2000, h thng Qun l Cht lng ca BVQI - ISO 9002:1994
- Nm 2001, h thng Qun l Cht lng ca BVQI - ISO 9001:2000. Thnh l p cc
cng ty lin kt sn xut bia :
Nm 2001: Cng ty Bia Sc Trng, Nh my Bia Henninger, Nh my Bia Hng
Sen.
Nm 2002: Cng Ty Lin doanh Bia Cn Th, Nh my Bia H Tnh.
- Thnh lp Tng kho ti Nha Trang, Cn Th v Nng.
Giai on 2002 - hin nay:
- Nm 2003, thnh lp Tng cng ty Bia - Ru - NGK Si Gn SABECO trn c s
Cng ty Bia Si Sn v tip nhn cc thnh vin mi:
Cng ty Ru Bnh Ty.
3

 Cng ty Nc gii kht Chng Dng.

Nh my Thy tinh Ph Th.
Cng ty Thng mi Dch v Bia - Ru - NGK Si Gn.
- Nm 2004, thnh lp Tng cng ty Bia - Ru - NGK Si Gn SABECO chuyn sang
t chc v hot ng theo m hnh Cng ty m - cng ty con theo quyt nh s
37/2004/Q-BCN ca B trng B Cng nghip.
- Nm 2006, hon chnh h thng phn phi trn ton quc vi 8 Cng ty CPTM
SABECO khu vc
- Nm 2007, Tng cng ty Bia - Ru - NGK Si Gn SABECO lin tc pht trin l n
mnh vi ch o l sn xut, kinh doanh cc sn phm Bia Si Gn v u t mi trn
nhiu lnh vc, sn phm khc.
- Hin nay Tng cng ty Bia - Ru - NGK Si Gn SABECO c t ng c ng 28 thnh
vin, khng nh c tn tui ca mnh trong c nc, tin ti chinh phc th trng
th gii.
2. Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi
a. Lch s hnh thnh
- Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi trc thuc tng cng ty Bia Ru NGK Si Gn
SABECO. Nh my c xy dng ti Khu cng nghip Ty Bc C Chi trn din tch 50
ha, hin ti t thc s dng l 25 ha. c khnh thnh:
Giai on 1 vo thng 9/2007.
Giai on 2 vo ngy 1/3/2008.
- Nh my c dy chuyn thit b cng ngh 100% t ng, hin i nht ng Nam
hin nay; c cng sut 200 triu lt/nm (giai on 1: 100 triu lt/nm, giai on 2 cng
sut 200 triu lt/nm) v c th nng ln 300 triu lt/nm. Nh my c h th ng x l
nc thi 3.000 m3/ngy m, c h thng x l khi bi theo tiu chun A. Khun vin
nh my c thit k mng cy xanh, thm c, vn hoa hi ha vi cnh quan thin
nhin, theo m hnh tin tin nh my - cng vin. Tng s vn u t ln ti gn 2.000 t
ng.
- D n c ph duyt t nm 2004. Thi gian thi cng t ngy 01/12/2005 n
01/12/2007 . n thng 8 nm 2007, Nh my sn xut thnh cng m bia th ng mi
u tin ca giai on 1 l 100 triu lt. n thng 4 nm 2008, nng cng su t giai o n 2
ln 200 triu lt/nm. Nm 2008, mc d Nh my ch sn xut c 8 thng, nhng t
sn lng 180 triu lt. n nm 2009, Nh my sn xut c 204 tri u lt, v t 4
triu lt so vi thit k ban u. Nm 2010, d kin s t sn lng 226 triu lt, sau khi
chuyn 6 tng t Nh my Bia Si Gn - Nguyn Ch Thanh v , doanh thu d ki n t
2.178 t ng, li nhun trc thu 390 t, cha c mt s chi ph nh marketing, chi ph
qun l vn phong. Theo k hoch, cui nm 2011 sn lng s c nng ln 264 tri u
lt, v tng lai sn lng s l 500 triu lt/nm.
- Theo thit k, Nh my Bia Si Gn - C Chi s sn xu t hai lo i bia chai. Trong ,
60% l bia chai Si Gn xanh 450ml v 40% bia chai Si Gn 355ml, tng lai s s n
xut c bia lon. Trong nm 2009, do nhu cu ca th trng, nn Nh my sn xut v i
t l gn 70% bia chai Si Gn , ch khong t 32-33% l bia chai Si Gn xanh y l
4

iu rt ng mng. Sn phm sn xut ra n u l tiu th h t n . V v y, thu

nhp ca ngi lao ng n nh v tng i cao. Bnh qun thu nhp ca ngi lao
ng khong t 7 triu 8 triu ng/mt ngi/thng, nn CBCNV rt phn khi v
hng say lm vic.

Hnh 1. Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi

-

b. T chc
S lng cng nhn vin ca nh my khong 300 ngi.

BAN GIM C

Phng hnh
chnh - nhn
s

Phng k
ton - thng
k

Phng kim
nghim cht
lng

Phng k
hoch - cung
tiu

Xng Nu Ln men

Xng chit
- ng gi

Xng ng
lc - c in

Hnh 2. S t chc Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi

II. Nguyn liu

1. Nc
- Nc c vai tr quan trng, nh hng ln n cht lng bia, chim 88 - 90% tr ng
lng bia. Nc cung cp cho nh my sn xut c cha mt phn nh cc khong cht, cht
hu c cng nh mt phn cc cht kh ha tan trong n. Thnh phn nc a vo sn xut
b s cn li trong bia thnh phm, v vy ta cn quan tm nhiu n n c nh m p ng yu
cu v cng ngh v cc ch tiu cht lng ca sn phm.
Ch tiu ca nc dng trong sn xut bia
Trong nh my s dng h thng nc ging: cung cp nc dng lm v sinh ng
ng v thit b.
Hm lng cc cht rn trong nc, tc phn cn sau khi lm bay hi v sy kh
nhit 1050C n hm lng khng i i vi nc nu bia l nh hn 600mg/l. Ch s
quan trng l: cng, oxy ha v vi sinh vt. Mt s tiu chun ca nc nu bia:
- Mi v: khng mu, khng mi, khng v.
- pH: 6,8 - 7,2.
- mn: 11,7 mg/l.
- cng tm thi: 0,72 mg ng lng/l.
- cng vnh cu
: 0,26 - 0,72 mg ng lng/l.
- Hm lng mui cacbonat : <50 mg/l.
- Hm lng mui Mg : <100 mg/l
- Hm lng mui Clorua: 75 150 mg/l
- Hm lng mui CaSO4: 130 200 mg/l
- Hm lng Fe2+: <0,3 mg/l
- Kh NH3 : khng c
- Cc mui NO3-, NO2- : khng c
- Kh NH3 : khng c.
- Vi sinh vt
: < 100 t bo/ml
- Ch s E.Coli : <3 t bo/l.
2. Malt
- Bng cch ngm ht la mch vo trong nc, cho php chng ny mm n mt giai
on nht nh v sau lm kh ht ny mm trong cc l s y thu c h t ng c c
mch nha ha (malt). Mc tiu ch yu ca quy trnh ny gip hot ho, tch lu v khi
lng v hot lc ca h enzin trong i mch. H enzym ny gip chuyn ha tinh b t trong
ht thnh ng ho tan bn vng vo nc tham gia vo qu trnh ln men. Thi gian v
nhit sy khc nhau c p dng to ra cc mu malt khc nhau t cng mt loi ng
cc. Cc loi mch nha sm mu hn s sn xut ra bia sm mu hn.

Bng 1. Thnh phn ha hc ca malt v bia

Ch tiu cht lng ca malt

Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi ch sn xut bia vng nn ngun malt s dng l malt
vng nhp khu t c, c, Php mang li li ch kinh t cng nh m bo v mt k
thut.
Ch tiu cm quan
- Mu sc: mu vng rm, kch thc hnh dng gn ging ht i mch kh. V malt ng
nh.
- Kch thc, hnh dng: tng t ht i mch.
- Mi: khng c mi chua, mc hay c mi v l.
- V: c v ngt du.
- Sch khng c ln tp cht, lng ht v ti a l 0,5%, lng ht khng ny mm ti a
l 5%. Lng ht bnh ti a l 1%.
Ch tiu ha l
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Ch tiu kim tra

m
ha tan trn cht kh
Chnh lch xay nhuyn/th
Protein tng
Hot lc
C ht >2,5 mm
C ht <2,2 mm
trong
Thi gian ng ha
Tc lc
mu
pH
Protein ha tan
Ch s Kolbach

n v
%
%
%
%
0
WK
%
0

EBC
pht

EBC
%

Yu cu
5,0
80
1,8
9,5 - 11,5
260 - 350
85,0
1,5
5,0
15
Bnh thng
3,0 - 4,5
5,6 - 6,0
4,0 - 4,7
38 - 43
8

3. Hoa houblon
- y l thnh phn rt quan trng v khng th thay th c trong quy trnh s n xu t bia,
gip mang li hng thm rt c trng, lm tng kh nng to v gi bt, lm tng bn
keo v n nh thnh phn sinh hc ca sn phm.
- Cy hoa bia c trng bi nng dn trn khp th gii vi nhiu ging khc nhau, nhng
n ch c s dng trong sn xut bia l ch yu. Hoa houblon c th c em dng
dng ti, nhng bo qun c lu v d vn chuyn, houblon phi sy kh v ch bin
gia tng thi gian bo qun v s dng.
- Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi s dng houblon di dng: hoa vin (cha 8% acid
ng) v cao hoa (cha 30% acid ng) nhp t c, c, mi ln nhp kho ng 10 t n hoa.
Nh my c kho lnh ln bo qun hoa houblon, nhit kho lnh khong 150C.
4. Go
- y l loi ht c hm lng tinh bt kh cao c th c s dng xn xu t c cc
loi bia c cht lng ho hng. Go c a vo ch bin di dng bt nghin mn
d tan trong qu trnh h ho, sau c phi trn cng vi bt malt sau khi ng ho.
Cn ch , ht trng trong khc ht trng c bi hm lng protein. Do , trong sn xu t
bia, cc nh sn xut thng chn loi ht go c trng c cao hn.
- Nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi s dng go thay th mt phn malt (khong 20 - 25%).
Nc ta c truyn thng nng nghip lu i, l nc xut khu go th 2 th gii v vy
chn go lm th liu l hp l.
Ch tiu cht lng ca go
STT
Ch tiu kim tra
n v
Yu cu
1
m
%
14,5
2
Tp cht
%
0,05
Ngoi quan (mc, su mt,
3
%
Khng
mi l)
5. Men
- Men bia l cc vi sinh vt c tc dng ln men ng. Cc ging men bia c th c l a
chn sn xut cc loi bia khc nhau, Men bia s chuyn ho ng thu c t ht ng
cc v to ra cn v carbon ioxit (CO2). Bia Si Gn, vi cng ngh sn xut hin i hin
s dng loi men c nui cy c tinh khit cao, m bo s n nh v ng b trong
sn phm ca mnh.
- Cc loi nm men s dng trong nh my bia Si Gn - C Chi: Saccharomyces
carlsbergensi.
Ch tiu cht lng ca nm men
- Nm men thun chng.
- T l men cht di 2%.
- T l ny chi t 5 - 10%.
- Khi cy vo phi t 10 - 20 triu t bo/ml.
- Kh nng sinh trng, kh nng kt lng v lc ln men cao.
III. Quy trnh cng ngh
1. Quy trnh sn xut

Mal
t

Gao

San
g

San
g

Can

Can

Nghie
n

Nghie
n

N
c

Pha bot
malt

Pha bot
gao

N
c

CaCl2

am
hoa

Ho hoa

H2SO4

Tp
cht

Nau dch
nha
N
c
Houblon
ZnCl2
Carame
n

Loc va ra
ba
Nau vi hoa
Houblon
Tach ba
houblon

Tp
cht

Malt
lot

Ba
hem

Ba
houblon

Lam lanh

Khong
kh

Vo
trung

Bo sung O2

Nam
men

Nhan
giong

Len men
chnh
Len men phu

Ba
men

CO2
C n
men

Lam
lanh
X l lam trong
bia
Nam
men

C n
men

Bao hoa CO2,

tang tr
Chiet chai/lon
Thanh trung

San
pham
10

2. Gii thch quy trnh

a. Chun b nguyn liu
Mc ch: chun b: tch tp cht nh bi bn, ht gy dp hoc mt phn r st li
trong qu trnh tch r
Thit b:
Go v malt sau khi qua kim tra ngoi quan nhp vo trong kho cha.
Hai my sng dnh ring cho malt v go nhm mc ch tch rc c kch thc ln ra
khi nguyn liu.
Hai my tch sn dnh ring cho malt v dng tch ht sn, nh ln trong nguyn
liu.
b. Nghin
Mc ch: chun b cho qu trnh nu dch nha tip theo. Gim kch thc nguyn liu,
ph v cu trc tinh bt ca ht, nghin ht thnh nhiu mnh nh tng b mt ti p xc
vi nc, gip cho s xm nhp ca nc vo cc thnh phn cht ca n i nh nhanh h n,
thc y qu trnh ng ha v cc qu trnh thy phn khc nhanh v trit hn.
Cc bin i ca nguyn liu:
Nguyn liu gim kch thc lm din tch b mt tng.
Nhit nguyn liu tng.
Thit b: 2 my nghin ba nghin malt v go; trc khi vo my nghin, nguyn liu i
qua cn nh lng.
Phng php thc hin: chn phng php nghin malt l nghin t. Do phng php
ny rt ngn c thi gian lc b khong 10-20%. Tuy nhin mt phn ni nh dnh vo v
khng th tch ra ht c.
Thng s cng ngh:
Go: nghin mn hn malt, ng u, kch thc nh hn 0,5mm.
Malt: thnh phn malt sau khi nghin:
+ Bt malt: 40 - 45%.
+ Tm b: 30 - 35%.
+ Tm ln: 12 - 15%.
+ V tru: 9 - 12%.
c. Nu dch nha
Mc ch:
Khai thc: trch ly cc cht chit t malt i mch v th liu vo nc.
Chun b: thy phn mt s cht phn t lng ln thnh nhng cht c phn t
lng nh, cht dinh dng cho nm men.
Cc bin i ca nguyn liu:
Ha l: S ha tan v trch ly cc cht c phn t lng thp vo n c ( ng, acid
amin, mt s vitamin, khong). S kt lng v bin tnh protein.
Ha sinh v ha hc:
+ Thy phn protein: sn phm polypeptide v peptide (endoenzyme), acid amin
(exo-enzyme).

11

+ Thy phn tinh bt: sn phm dextrin, oligosaccharide ( -amylasa) v maltose

(-amylasa).
+ Thy phn hemicellulose: sn phm -glucan mch ngn.
+ S to thnh melanoid.
+ Thy phn mt s hp cht hu c c cha acid phosphoric: gii phng acid
phosphoric.
Thit b:
Ni nu malt dung tch 555 hl.
Ni nu go dung tch 400 hl.
Thc hin: nguyn liu trc khi vo ni nu c qua cn nh lng, cn chnh xc
lng cn nu trong mi m, thng thng l 2500 kg go, 7500 kg malt. Tin hnh nu ni
go ring, malt ring.
Ni go: thc hin h ha, dch ha tinh bt.
Ni malt: thc hin m ha tinh bt.
Thng s cng ngh:
Thnh phn cho vo ni nu go:
+ Go: 2500kg.
+ Nc: 60kl (1hl = 100l).
+ H2SO4: 0,32kg.
+ Malt lt ln 1: 140kg.
Nhit : thch hp cho nhit enzyme hot ng: protease: 50 0C, -amylase:
60650C, -amylase: 70750C.
pH.
Nng c cht.
d. Lc dch nha - Ra b
Mc ch: Chun b cho cc qu trnh tip theo:
Tch b b malt.
Ra b malt chit rt tt c nhng cht dinh dng cn st li.
Lc dch nha:
Thit b: my lc khung bn: mng lc - coton.
Thng s cng ngh:
+ Mc nghin malt: Nu nguyn liu nghin th, phn b to ra mt lp l c
ph xp. Nu nguyn liu nghin mn qu dn n s tc cc mao dn, gim tc lc.
+ Nhit .
+ nht.
Ra b:
Nhit : 760C, pH 6,5.
Thi im kt thc qu trnh ra: ra n nng cht kh ha tan 0,8%.
e. un si vi hoa houblon
Mc ch:
Khai thc: trch ly cc thnh phn ha tan trong houblon.
12

 Chun b: tiu dit vi sinh vt bt li, chun b cho qu trnh ln men.

Cc bin i:
Vt l: s thay i nhit , nht, t trng v cng mu ca dch ng.
Ha hc: xy ra phn ng Maillar, phn ng ng phn ha -acid thnh iso -acid,
phn ng phn hy ng v acid amin.
Sinh hc: vi sinh vt b c ch v tiu dit.
Ha l: s trch ly cht chit t hoa houblon vo dch ng, s ng t protein, s
bay hi ca nc v cc cu t d bay hi, s kt ta ca phc gia protein v polyphenol.
Thng s cng ngh:
Nhit : 981020C.
Thi gian: 1,5 gi.
f. Tch b hoa houblon
Mc ch: hon thin.
Cc bin i:
Vt l: nhit gim, nht tng.
Ha l: xy ra hin tng tch pha lng rn, s bay hi ca hi nc v cc c u t
hng.
Thit b: thng lng xoy (whirlpool). Thng lng c thn hnh tr (chiu cao gp 1,2
1,3 ln ng knh), y cn, bn trong thng c h thng ng xon bm nc lnh lm
ngui dch ng.
Dch ng c bm vo thit b theo phng tip tuyn vi din tch hnh trn c a
thit b. Cc cu t rn chuyn ng theo qu o ng xon c v lng xung phn y
cn. Phn dch trong nm pha trn sau c tip tc bm qua cng on lm lnh nhanh.
Thng s cng ngh:
Thi gian lng: 2030 pht.
Nhit dch ng sau lng: 980C.
g. Lm lnh v np O2 vo dch nha
Mc ch
H nhit dch nha chun b cho qu trnh ln men.
Cung cp lng oxy cn thit cho s sinh trng ca nm men.
Phng php lm ngui:
Thit b trao i nhit bn mng.
Tc nhn trao i nhit: nc v glycol.
Nhit ra khi h thng 8100C.
Phng php np oxy vo dch nha
Yu cu: oxy v trng, lng oxy 6,77 mg/l dch nha.
h. Chun b men
Nhn men mi
Quy trnh nhn men gm 2 giai on: nhn ging trong phng th nghim, sau chuyn
xung xng ln men.
Ti xng ln men, nm men c cy vo bn nh khong 20 kg men v 300kg d ch
nha, thi gian 2 ngy, Sau dch men c chuyn sang bn l n, ti p t c nhn gi ng trong 2
13

ngy. Sau 2 ngy, ng gim cn 7 80plato, 1 phn dch men c chuyn tr li bn

nh thc hin li quy trnh nhn ging cho nhng m tip theo, phn cn li s chuyn vo
cc tank ln men chnh.
Men thu hi
Men qua s dng c thu hi, s ln ti s dng ty thuc vo mnh yu c a
men, trung bnh t 89 i ln men. Sau khi ln men chnh, men c ry loi t bo cht
vo cc cht kt ta, cn nh lng ri phn phi vo cc thng cha, ly mu kim tra t
l t bo cht, m c ca men. Trn c s tnh lng men cn cho m mi, mt
nm men khong 20 triu t bo/ml dch nha.
i. Ln men chnh
Mc ch: ch bin: chuyn ha dch nha thnh bia.
Cc bin i
Sinh hc: nm men sinh trng v trao i cht.
Ha sinh v ha hc: trong iu kin ym kh, ng c chuyn ha thnh ethanol
v CO2. Ngoi ra, c rt nhiu sn phm ph c sinh ra trong qu trnh ln men nh
aldehyde, ru cao phn t, acid hu c, pH dch ng gim t 5,5 xung 4,5. Hm lng
cht kh ha tan gim dn.
Ha l: protein ng t do pH dch ln men gim v do nhit thp, kh CO 2 do nm
men sinh ra ha tan vo dch ln men.
Vt l: nhit dch ln men tng do hot ng trao i cht c a nm men, t tr ng
ca dch ln men thay i.
Thit b: s dng tank outdoor.
Thng s cng ngh:
Nhit ln men: 80C.
Thi gian ln men: 7 - 12 ngy.
Ln men chnh kt thc khi ng khong 30plato. pH 4,34,4.
j. Ln men ph
Mc ch: hon thin: n nh cu bia, bo ha CO 2 to hng v thm ngon cho bia, tng
kh nng to bt, c ch vi sinh vt gy hi.
Cc bin i:
Ha sinh v ha hc: xy ra phn ng kh diacetyl thnh acetoin v phn ng ester ha
gia ru v acid.
Ha l: s kt lng ca mt s phn t protein v polyphenol, s ha tan ca kh CO 2
vo bia.
Sinh hc: hot ng trao i cht ca nm men gim, xy ra hin tng t phn ca mt s
t bo nm men, t bo nm men kt lng.
Thit b: tank kn, t trong cc hm lnh.
Thng s cng ngh trong qu trnh ln men ph:
Nhit : 0 50C.
p sut: 0,81 bar.
Thi gian: 721 ngy.
Hm lng diacetyl: 0,40,6 mg/l.
14

 Hm lng acetoin: 0,81,2 mg/l.

k. Lm trong bia
Mc ch: tng trong, bn keo v bn sinh hc cho sn phm.
Cc bin i:
Vt l: t trng thay i.
Ha hc: hm lng CO2 gim, hm lng cht keo gim.
Ha l: CO2 thot khi bia.
Thit b: h thng lc bia
H2O Bia

Diatomite
My pha
bia

PVPP
Lc ng

Tank TBF

Vicant
Lc da

Np CO2

Lc ch

n nh p lc

Hnh 3. S h thng lc bia

l. Bo ha CO2
Mc ch
Bo qun: bo ha CO2 c ch hot ng vi sinh vt.
Hon thin: Chun ha hm lng CO2 cho sn phm bia chai. ( hm lng 0,5%)
Thit b: thit b bo ha, thit b np CO2, thit b cha bia thnh phm.
Thng s cng ngh:
CO2: 5,5 g/l.
p sut: 11,5 bar.
Nhit : 250C.
m. Chit v thanh trng bia
Mc ch
Ko di thi gian bo qun sn phm.
D vn chuyn v s dng.
Bao b:
Chai thy tinh.
Lon.
Rt bia
Nguyn tc ng p.
Bia t TBF chuyn qua phi t 2 0C qu trnh chit bia khng b bt. Sau khi chit
bia c ng np ngay v chuyn qua thit b thanh trng.
Thanh trng
Phng php thanh trng Pasteur: s dng my hp c 8 vng nhit khc nhau.
Nhit cao nht 650C, thi gian thanh trng: 45 pht.

15

3. V sinh nh xng
a. V sinh xng nu
- Mi tun 1 ln, khi kt thc m nu.
- Cc my sng, nghin, cn nh lng s c tho ra v sinh.
- Cc ni nu s cho NaOH vo un si sau mt thi gian x ht NaOH, ra nhiu ln bng
nc sch.
- My lc khung bn ra bng soude, trung ha bng acid v ra li nhiu ln b ng n c
sch.
b. V sinh xng ln men
- Khu APV:

Dng nc nng 851000C ui nc nha trn ton b h thng.

Chy desi vi nng 0,20,7% trong 8 pht.

Dng nc hi desi, chy nc nng 851000C trong 1015 pht.

Chy soude nng 22,5%, 70900C, trong 8 pht. Dng nc ui soude.

Chy xen k gia soude v oxonia 0,5%.

Chy acid 0,51%, trong 812 pht. Dng nc i acid.

- Bn nhn men chnh, tank ln men chnh, tank ln men ph: tng t nh trn, ra
ncNaOHncchy oxoniara nckim tra vi sinh.
Khu lc: ra ncNaOHncHNO3nc.
c. V sinh xng chit - ng gi
- V sinh nh k mi tun 1 ln, trong khi vn chuyn chai trn bng chuyn trnh ma
st, ngi ta dng x phng bi trn, v th phi ngng hot ng ton h thng tin hnh
xt ra bng ti, my mc, thit b bng nc sch.
IV. Sn phm
1. Ch tiu cht lng
Ch tiu ha l
-

STT

Ch tiu kim tra

1
2
3
4

Alcohol
ha tan nguyn thy
ha tan biu kin
mu

chua

Hm lng CO2 ha tan

n v
%v/v
0
plato
0
plato
0
EBC
ml NaOH
0,1N/10 ml mu
g/l

Bia chai 450ml Bia chai 355ml

4,0
10,0
2
5,08,0

4,6
11,0
6,08,0

1,21,6

1,31,7

4,0

4,0

Ch tiu cm quan
Mu sc : vng rm sng
trong : trong sut khng c tp cht
bt
: bt trng, c, dy, mn
Mi
: thm c trng ca bia sn xut t malt v houblon.
16

- V
: ng du c trng ca malt v hoa houblon.
Ch tiu vi sinh
- Nm mc (khun lc/ml bia)
: 10
-

Vi khun hiu kh (khun lc/ml bia)

Vi khun k kh
Vi khun E. Coli

: 10
: khng c
: khng c

2. Sn phm
a. Si Gn Lager (Si Gn xanh 450ml)

b. Si Gn Export (Si Gn 355ml)

17