Sng kin kinh nghim s 1

Trng THPT Tn Yn

LI NI U
Gii nhanh bi tp ho hc l cch tt nht gip th sinh hon thnh tt bi thi ca mnh. Qua thc tin ging !"# t$i %t %a m&t s 'inh nghi(m gii ton ho hc )i *+i !ng bi tp *, nh$m * h-p cht ca nh$m tc .ng *+i ung /ch 'i,m. 0" *ng %1ng nh2ng 3 'i4n n" s5 gip ch cho cc 6m hc sinh t%ong 7u t%nh hc tp * ti4t 'i(m th8i gian 'hi lm cc bi thi * 'i9m t%a. :%ong 7u t%nh thc hi(n ), ti# t$i ;in t%<n t%ng cm =n >an gim hi(u nh t%?8ng# t@ chu"An m$n# cc )Bng nghi(p * cc 6m hc sinh l+p CDEF )G gip )H t$i hon thnh ), ti n". I<" chJ l nh2ng 3 'i4n ch 7uan ca bn th<n t$i %t %a )?-c t%ong 7u t%nh ging !". :$i %t mong )?-c s )Kng gKp 3 'i4n ca >an gim hi(u# h&i )Bng 'hoa hc nh t%?8ng * cc )Bng nghi(p gip t$i cK )?-c ph?=ng php !" hc phLn n" tt h=n n2a. Ti xin chn trng cm n. :c gi

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

MC LC Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

1

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1 MN )Lu E. O= sN l3 lun ca ), ti >. P&i ung chnh ca ), ti

Trng THPT Tn Yn :%ang C C C D D T T F C_ CC CT CT

Q. :nh cht ho hc ca nh$m * h-p cht ca nh$m CR ElDST * ElUS0RT l cht l?Hng tnh DR Vhn Wng ca nh$m *+i ung /ch 'i,m TR Mui nh$m tc .ng *+i ung /ch 'i,m QQ. M&t s )/nh lut )?-c sX .ng QQQ. M&t s !ng bi tp c. th9 C. Y!ng bi mui ElTZ tc .ng *+i ung /ch S0[ D. Y!ng bi cho 0Z tc .ng *+i ung /ch ElSD[ T. Oho h\n h=p gBm El * C 'im lo!i 'i,m UPa# ]R ho^c 'im lo!i 'i,m th@ UOa# >aR tc .ng *+i n?+c. M&t s bi tp tham 'ho O. :hc nghi(m Y. ]4t lun * ), ;ut

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1

Trng THPT Tn Yn

A. C S

L! LU"N C#A $ T%I

`+i hnh thWc thi t%ac nghi(m 'hch 7uan )bi hci hc sinh t%ong m&t th8i gian %t ngan Ut%ung bnh C#d )4n C#F pht e c<uR phi lm ;ong m&t bi tp. ` *"# hc sinh phi nam 'i4n thWc m&t cch nhuLn nhu"n# *n .ng m&t cch linh ho!t )9 t%ong th8i gian ngan nht cK th9 tm %a )p n ca bi ton. Mun lm )?-c )i,u n" th gio *iAn ging !" )Kng m&t *ai t%b h4t sWc 7uan t%ng t%ong *i(c h?+ng fn hc sinh nhn !ng# ph<n lo!i * cK cch gii phg h-p *+i m\i bi ton. Qua thc t4 ging !" N m&t s l+p CD# t$i nhn th" nhi,u 6m hc sinh *fn cbn %t lng tng t%ong *i(c gii cc bi tp *, nh$m * h-p cht ca nh$m *+i ung /ch 'i,m. Oc 6m th?8ng sX .ng cch gii t%u",n thng l *i4t * tnh th6o ph?=ng t%nh ho hc# nh? *" s5 mt %t nhi,u th8i gian )9 gii 7u"4t m&t bi ton. ` *"# *+i th8i l?-ng t%ung bnh C#d )4n C#F phtec<u th cc 6m 'h$ng th9 hon thnh )?-c bi tp. I9 gip cc 6m cK th9 gii nhanh )?-c cc bi tp phLn n"# t$i ), ;ut ph?=ng php gii gip ti4t 'i(m th8i gian 'hi lm bi thi t%ac nghi(m. IK l h &h'ng (h)( gii nh*nh +,i t-( nhm ., h/( ch0t c1* nhm t)c 23ng .4i 25ng 26ch 7i8mi 9. N:I ;UN< C=!N= C#A $ T%I I. T>nh ch0t h?) hc c1* nhm ., h/( ch0t c1* nhm 1) Al2O3 v Al(OH)3 l cht lng tnh @T)c 23ng .4i *xitA ElDST Z j0Z DElTZ Z T0DS ElUS0RT Z T0Z ElTZ Z T0DS @T)c 23ng .4i 25ng 26ch +*B ZR ho^c ElDST Z DS0[ Z T0DS D kElUS0Rlm[ ElDST Z DS0[ D ElSD[ Z 0DS
3

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1 ZR ElUS0RT Z S0[ kElUS0Rlm[ ho^c ElUS0RT Z S0[ ElSD[ Z D0DS

Trng THPT Tn Yn

2) Phn ng c a nh!" v#$ %ung %&ch '$(" `, ngu"An tac# nh$m ng )n" hi)%o %a 'hci n?+c. Ph?ng thc t4# * b/ mng o;it bo *( nAn *t b1ng nh$m 'h$ng tc .ng *+i n?+c 'hi ngu&i * 'hi )un nKng kCm. :u" nhiAn# nh2ng *t b1ng nh$m n" b/ ho tan t%ong ung /ch 'i,m nh? PaS0# OaUS0RD .... 0i(n t?-ng n" )?-c gi thch nh? sauo :%?+c h4t# mng bo *( l ElDST b/ ph hup t%ong ung /ch 'i,mo ElDST Z DPaS0 Z T0DS DPakElUS0Rlm UCR ho^c ElDST Z DPaS0 DPaElSD Z 0DS DEl Z j0DS DElUS0RT Z T0D Mng ElUS0RT b/ ph hup t%ong ung /ch baq=o ElUS0RT Z PaS0 PakElUS0Rlm ho^c ElUS0RT Z PaS0 PaElSD Z D0DS UTR UDR

:i4p )4n# 'im lo!i nh$m 'hX n?+co

Oc phn Wng UDR * UTR ;" %a lu<n phiAn nhau cho )4n 'hi nh$m b/ tan h4t. ` *" cK th9 *i4t g&p l!io DEl Z DPaS0 Z j0DS DPakElUS0Rlm Z T0D 0o^co DEl Z DPaS0 Z D0DS DPaElSD Z T0D ElTZ Z TS0[ ElUS0RT ]hi S0[ ?o ElUS0RT Z S0[ kElUS0Rlm[ tan 0i(n t?-ng 7uan st )?-c 'hi nhc tr tr ung /ch baq= *o ung /ch El TZ l ban )Lu th" ;ut hi(n '4t ta '6o t%ang# '4t ta tsng )4n cc )!i sau tan Ln )4n h4t t!o ung /ch t%ong sut. kDm

3) )u*$ nh!" t+c %,ng v#$ %ung %&ch '$("

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

Sng kin kinh nghim Trng THPT Tn Yn s 1 :u" nhiAn# ElUS0RT cK tnh a;it %t "4u nAn b/ a;it m!nh )n" %a 'hci mui. kElUS0Rl m[ Z 0Z ElUS0RT Z 0DS ]hi 0Z ?o ElUS0RT Z T0Z ElTZ Z T0DS 0i(n t?-ng 7uan st )?-c 'hi nhc tr tr ung /ch 0 Z )4n ? *o ung /ch ElSD[ l ban )Lu th" ;ut hi(n '4t ta '6o t%ang# '4t ta tsng )4n cc )!i sau tan Ln )4n h4t t!o ung /ch t%ong sut. ElUS0RT cK tnh a;it "4u h=n c 0 DOST nAn n4u s.c 'h OS D *o ung /ch PaElSD th ;" %a phn Wngo PaElSD Z OSD Z D0DS ElUS0RT Z Pa0OST 0i(n t?-ng 7uan st )?-c 'hi s.c OSD )4n ? *o ung /ch ElSD[ l th" ;ut hi(n '4t ta '6o t%ang. Pam *2ng )?-c nh2ng phn Wng n" l )i,u 'i(n cLn )9 gii 7u"4t tt cc bi tp !ng t%An )<". M\i !ng bi c. th9 ta l!i cK nh2ng mto nhc %iAng )9 gii 7u"4t nK. II. MCt DE F6nh G5-t F'/c DH 23ng 0c sinh cLn *n .ng linh ho!t cc )/nh lut th?8ng gng t%ong ho hc# )^c bi(t l )/nh lut bo ton ngu"An to u mol trng ngu"An t t%?+c * sau phn Wng 'h$ng )@i. III. MCt DE 2Ing +,i t-( c3 thJ 1- ./ng 0$ "u*$ Al31 t+c %,ng v#$ %ung %&ch OH2 ElTZ Z TS0[ ElUS0RT ]hi S0[ ?o 34+ch l"5 I^t
T= nOH nAlT+ !

UlR

ElUS0RT Z S0[ kElUS0Rlm[ tan ElTZ Z lS0[ kElUS0Rlm[ UdR

*K 9,i t?)n th5-nA Oho bi4t s mol ca ElTZ * S0[# "Au cLu tnh l?-ng '4t ta.

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

Sng kin kinh nghim Trng THPT Tn Yn s 1 ZR P4u : v To OhJ ;" %a UlR * chJ t!o ElUS0RT . UElTZ ? n4u : w TR ]hi )K
nAl UOH RT = nOH T

U:h6o bo ton S0[R

ZR P4u T w : w lo x" %a UlR * UdR. :!o h\n h-p ElUS0R T * kElUS0Rlm[. UO ElTZ * S0[ ),u h4tR ]hi )Ko I^t s mol ElUS0RT l ; u mol kElUS0Rlm[ l " 0( ph?=ng t%nho ; Z " y nAl
T+

T; Z l" y nOH I^c bi(t T =

n T+ T+ l = T#d th nAl UOH RT = nkAl UOH R m = Al l D D

ZR P4u : z lo OhJ ;" %a UdR * chJ t!o kElUS0Rlm[ US0[ ? n4u : { lR ]hi )Ko nAl U OH R = nAl
l T+

L;M. |Kt C__ ml ung /ch PaS0 T#dM *o C__ ml ung /ch ElOl T CM thu )?-c m gam '4t ta. :nh m} <ii :a cKo nPaS0 y _#Td mol#
nAlClT y _#C mol

:a gii bi tp n" th6o D cch )9 so snh. 4+ch 15 L" th67 c+ch t8uy(n th*ng ElOlT Z T PaS0 ElUS0RT Z T PaOl >an )Luo Vhn Wngo _#C _#Td _#C _#C _#T _#T _#_d _#C _#T

uau phn Wngo _

` PaS0 cbn ? nAn cK ti4p phn Wngo ElUS0RT Z PaS0 PakElUS0Rlm >an )Luo Vhn Wngo _#C _#_d _#_d _#_d _#_d _#_d _

uau phn Wngo _#_d

`" sau 'hi cc phn Wng ;" %a hon ton thu )?-co Nguyn Nh Lan Phng
"

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1 _#_d mol ElUS0RT _#_d mol PakElUS0Rlm 4+ch 25 9:n %,ng t; l< =
nOH = _#Td mol# T= nOH nAlT+ nAl T+ = _#C mol

Trng THPT Tn Yn

m y _#_d . ~F y T# g

y T#d :!o h\n h-p ElUS0RTo ; mol kElUS0Rlm[o " mol

0(o ; Z " y _#C T; Z l" y _#Td m y _#_d . ~F y T# g

; y _#_d " y _#_d

ho^c : y T#d nAn nAl U OH R = nkAl UOH R m =

T l

nAlT+ D

y _#_d mol

uo snh D cch gii t%An ta th" cch D gii nhanh h=n %t nhi,u# gip cc 6m ti4t 'i(m th8i gian * c$ng sWc. `i(c lp h( ph?=ng t%nh l!i %t )=n gin# cc 6m chJ cLn nh+ c$ng thWc ca sn phnm l cK th9 gii 7u"4t tt bi ton !ng n". L; NA Oho ld_ ml ung /ch ]S0 DM tc .ng *+i C__ ml ung /ch El DUuSlRT CM )?-c ung /ch x. :nh nBng )& molel cc cht t%ong ung /ch x} <ii
nOH = _# mol# T= nOH nAlT+ nAl T+ = _#D mol

y l#d { l :!o kElUS0Rlm[ * S0[ ?

l T+

Yung /ch x cK nAl UOH R = nAl y _#D mol OM U]kElUS0RlmR y _# ld + _#C _#TjM OMU]S0R y _# ld + _#C _#CFM
_#C _# D

nOH du = _# _#D . l y _#C mol

L; OA Yung /ch E chWa Cj#Fg PaS0 cho tc .ng *+i ung /ch chWa Fg 6DUuSlRT. :hAm ti4p *o )K CT#jFg ElDUuSlRT thu )?-c d__ml ung /ch > * m gam '4t ta. :nh OM cc cht t%ong > * m} Nguyn Nh Lan Phng
#

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1 nPaS0 y _#lD mol

n

<ii
nFe D U SOl R T = _#_D mol

Trng THPT Tn Yn

nAl D U SOl R T = _#_l mol

OH :a cKo n = C_#d :!o 6US0RT * 6TZ h4t# S0[ ? Fe

T+

nFe UOH R T = nFeT+ = _#_l mol nAl T+ = _#_F mol n

nOH du = _#lD _#_l . T y _#T mol

OH T = n y T#~d t!o h\n h-p ElUS0RT o ; mol Al

T+

* kElUS0Rl m[o " mol

:a cK h(o

; Z " y _#_F T; Z l" y _#T

; y _#_D " y _#_j _#_j mol OM UPaDuSlmR y _#TjM

`" 'hi l?-ng '4t ta lo m y C#djg Yung /ch > gBm PakElUS0Rl mo OM UPakElUS0Rl mR y _#CDM +K 9,i t?)n ng'/c >?c @$A"5 >i4t s mol ca C t%ong D cht tham gia phn Wng * s mol '4t ta. Au cLu tnh s mol ca cht tham gia phn Wng cbn l!i. 3B$Au 15 >i4t s mol ElUS0RT# s mol ElTZ . :nh l?-ng S0[. C)ch G,mA

PaDuSlo U_#lD _#_jReD y _#CF mol

P4u s mol ElUS0RT y s mol ElTZo c D cht phn Wng *ra ) *+i nhau t!o ElUS0RT. ]hi )Ko nOH = TnAl UOH R
T

P4u nAl UOH R < nAl th cK D t%?8ng h-po

T T+

ZR Oh?a cK hi(n t?-ng ho tan '4t ta ha" El TZ cbn ?. ]hi )K sn phnm chJ cK ElUS0RT * nOH = TnAl UOH R .
T

ZR OK hi(n t?-ng ho tan '4t ta ha" El TZ h4t. ]hi )K sn phnm cK ElUS0RT * kElUS0Rl m[ o :a cKo
nk Al U OH R
lm

= nAl T+ nAl U OH RT
lm

nOH = TnAl UOH RT + lnkAl U OH R

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

Sng kin kinh nghim Trng THPT Tn Yn s 1 L;MA Oho _#d lt ung /ch PaS0 tc .ng *+i T__ml ung /ch El DUuSlRT _#DM thu )?-c C#djg '4t ta. :nh nBng )& molelt ca ung /ch PaS0. >i4t cc phn Wng ;" %a hon ton. <ii u mol ElTZ y _#CD mol. u mol ElUS0RT y _#_D mol w s mol ElTZ nAn cK D t%?8ng h-p ;" %a. PT=MA ElTZ ? OhJ t!o ElUS0RT nAn s mol S0[ y T . _#_D y _#_j mol. OMUPaS0R y _#CDM PT=NA ElTZ h4t t!o ElUS0RTo _#_D mol kElUS0Rl m[o _#CD _#_D y _#C mol u mol S0[ y T . _#_D Z l . _#C y _#lj mol OMUPaS0R y _#DM L;NA Oho ` lt ung /ch PaS0 _#lM tc .ng *+i dF#Clg El DUuSlRT thu )?-c DT#lg '4t ta. :m gi t%/ l+n nht ca `} <ii u mol ElTZ y _#Tl mol. u mol ElUS0RT y _#T mol w s mol ElTZ nAn cK D t%?8ng h-p ;" %a. PT=MA ElTZ ? OhJ t!o ElUS0RT nAn s mol S0[ y T . _#T y _# mol. `U PaS0R y D#Dd lt y `min ElUS0RTo _#T mol kElUS0Rl m[o _#Tl _#T y _#_l mol u mol S0[ y T . _#T Z l . _#_l y C#_j mol `U PaS0R y D#jd lt y `ma;.

PT=NA ElTZ h4t t!o

3B$Au 25 >i4t s mol S0[# s mol '4t ta ElUS0RT. :nh s mol ElTZ. C)ch G,mA uo snh s mol S0[ ca bi cho *+i s mol S0[ t%ong '4t ta. P4u s mol S0[ ca bi cho l+n h=n s mol S0[ t%ong '4t ta th )G cK hi(n t?-ng ho tan '4t ta. un phnm ca bi cK ElUS0RT * kElUS0Rl m[

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1

nkAl U OH R
T+ lm

Trng THPT Tn Yn

=
T

nOH bai Tn Al UOH RT l

l

U:h6o bo ton nhKm S0[R

nAl = nAl U OH R + nkAl UOH R m

P4u t%ong bi cK nhi,u lLn thAm S0 [ liAn ti4p th bc 7ua cc giai )o!n t%ung gian# ta chJ tnh t@ng s mol S0[ 7ua cc lLn thAm *o %Bi so snh *+i l?-ng S0 [ t%ong '4t ta thu )?-c N lLn cui cgng ca bi. L;A :hAm _#j mol PaS0 *o chWa ; mol ElOl T thu )?-c _#D mol ElUS0RT. :hAm ti4p _# mol PaS0 th" s mol ca ElUS0R T l _#d. :hAm ti4p C#D mol PaS0 n2a th" s mol ElUS0RT *fn l _#d mol. :nh ;} <ii

OH

= _# j + _# + C# D = D# ~ mol

nAl UOH RT = _#d

u mol S0[ t%ong '4t ta l C#d mol w D#~ mol cK t!o kElUS0Rl m[
nkAl U OH R
lm

nOH bai Tn Al UOH RT l

T l

y _#T mol

nAl = nAl U OH R + nkAl U OH R m y _#F mol

T+

3B$Au 35 P4u cho cgng m&t l?-ng ElTZ tc .ng *+i l?-ng S0[ 'hc nhau m l?-ng '4t ta 'h$ng tha" )@i ho^c tha" )@i 'h$ng t?=ng Wng *+i s tha" )@i S0 [# chng h!n nh?o :PCo a mol ElTZ tc .ng *+i b mol S0[ t!o ; mol '4t ta. :PDo a mol ElTZ tc .ng *+i Tb mol S0[ t!o ; mol '4t ta ho^c D; mol '4t ta. ]hi )K# ta '4t luno :PCo ElTZ cbn ? * S0[ h4t.
nAl UOH RT = nOH T

y ;.

:PDo O ElTZ * S0[ ),u h4t * )G cK hi(n t?-ng ho tan '4t ta.
nkAl U OH R
lm

= nAl T+ nAl UOH RT UTN DR =

nOH UTN DR TnAl U OH RT UTN DR l

L;A :PCo Oho a mol ElDUuSlRT tc .ng *+i d__ml ung /ch PaS0 C#DM )?-c m gam '4t ta. :PDo Ong a mol ElDUuSlRT tc .ng *+i ~d_ml ung /ch PaS0 C#DM thu )?-c m gam '4t ta. Nguyn Nh Lan Phng
1&

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1 :nh a * m}

Trng THPT Tn Yn

<ii ` l?-ng S0[ N D th nghi(m 'hc nhau m l?-ng '4t ta 'h$ng tha" )@i nAno :PCo ElTZ ?# S0[ h4t. u mol S0[ y _#j mol nAl UOH R =
T

nOH T

y _#D mol m y Cd#j g

:PDo ElTZ * S0[ ),u h4t * cK hi(n t?-ng ho tan '4t ta. u mol S0[ y _# mol :!o ElUS0RTo _#D mol kElUS0Rl m[o _#_~d mol

Al T+

= _#D Z _#_~d y _#D~d mol

u mol ElDUuSlRT y _#CT~d mol y a. 2- ./ng 0$ ch7 H1 t+c %,ng v#$ %ung %&ch AlO22 hay CAl(OH)D E25 >i4t s mol ElUS0RT# s mol kElUS0Rl m[ . :nh l?-ng 0Z.

P4u s mol ElUS0RT y s mol kElUS0Rl m[ o c D cht phn Wng *ra ) *+i nhau t!o ElUS0RT. ]hi )Ko nH = nAl U OH R y s mol S0[ b/ mt tr kElUS0Rl m[
+ T

P4u nAl U OH R < nkAl UOH R m th cK D t%?8ng h-po

T l

ZR Oh?a cK hi(n t?-ng ho tan '4t ta ha" kElUS0R l m[ cbn ?. ]hi )K sn phnm chJ cK ElUS0RT * nH = nAl U OH R y s mol S0[ b/ mt tr kElUS0Rl m[ .
+ T

ZR OK hi(n t?-ng ho tan '4t ta ha" kElUS0R l m[ h4t. ]hi )K sn phnm cK ElUS0RT * ElTZ o :a cKo
nAl T+ = nk Al UOH R
lm

nAl U OH RT

nH + = nAl U OH RT + ln AlT+ y s mol S0[ b/ mt tr kElUS0Rl m[

U:r kElUS0Rl m[ ElUS0RTo mt C S0[ nAn cLn C 0Z. :r kElUS0Rl m[ ElTZo mt l S0[ nAn cLn l 0Z.R L;OA Oho C lt ung /ch 0Ol tc .ng *+i d__ml ung /ch h\n h-p gBm PaS0 CM * PaElSD C#dM thu )?-c TC#Dg '4t ta. :nh nBng )& molelt ca ung /ch 0Ol. <ii Yo cK t!o '4t ta ElUS0RT nAn S0[ )G phn Wng h4t. Nguyn Nh Lan Phng
11

Sng kin kinh nghim Trng THPT Tn Yn s 1 u mol S0[ y _#d mol u mol 0Z phn Wng *+i S0[ y _#d mol u mol ElSD[ y _#~d mol ha" s mol ca kElUS0Rl m[ y _#~d u mol ElUS0RT y _#l mol w s mol ElSD[ nAn cK D t%?8ng h-p ;" %a. T=MA kElUS0Rl m[ ?. ]hi )Ko nH = nAl UOH R y _#l mol
+ T

:@ng s mol 0Z )G gng l _#d Z _#l y _# mol `" OMU0OlR y _#M T=NA kElUS0Rl m[ h4t ]hi )Ko un phnm cK ElUS0RTo _#l mol ElTZo _#~d _#l y _#Td mol nH = nAl UOH R + lnAl y C#F mol
+ T T+

:@ng s mol 0Z )G gng lo _#d Z C#F y D#T mol `" OMU0OlR y D#TM ]4t luno OMU0OlR y _#M ho^c D#TM 3- 4h7 hFn hG gH" Al v 1 '$" l7/$ '$(" (NaI B) h7?c '$" l7/$ '$(" thJ (4aI Ka) t+c %,ng v#$ n#c- kTm :hW t phn Wng nh? sauo :%?+c h4to M U'im lo!i 'i,mR Z 0DS MS0 Z 0D uau )Ko El Z MS0 Z 0DS MElSD Z TeD 0D :r s mol ca M cng l s mol ca MS0 * s mol ca El ta bi(n lun )9 bi4t El tan h4t ha" ch?a. ZP4u nM y nMS0 z nEl El tan h4t ZP4u nM y nMS0 w nEl El chJ tan m&t phLn. ZP4u ch?a bi4t s mol ca M * ca El# l!i 'h$ng cK 2 'i(n no )9 'hng )/nh El ta h4t ha" ch?a th phi ;t hai t%?8ng h-po ? MS0 nAn El tan h4t ho^c thi4u MS0 nAn El chJ tan m&t phLn. Ii *+i m\i t%?8ng h-p ta lp h( ph?=ng t%nh )!i s )9 gii.

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

12

Sng kin kinh nghim Trng THPT Tn Yn s 1 P4u bi cho h\n h-p El * Oa ho^c >a th 7u" *, h\n h-p 'im lo!i 'i,m * El b1ng ccho COa DPa t%An. L;A 0o tan h\n h-p x gBm Pa * El *o n?+c ? thu )?-c ` lt 'h. Ong ho tan m gam h\n h-p x t%An *o ung /ch PaS0 ? th thu )?-c UmR m\i 'im lo!i t%ong h\n h-p ban )Lu. <ii ]hi ho tan h\n h-p x *o ung /ch PaS0 ? )?-c th9 tch 'h l+n h=n 'hi ho tan *o n?+c nAn 'hi ho tan *o n?+c El cbn ?. I^t ` y l . DD#l lt u mol ca Pa l ; mol ca El l " mol ]hi ho tan *o n?+co DPa 0D ; :@ng s mol 0D y D; y l ; y D. ]hi ho tan *o ung /ch PaS0 ?o DPa 0D ; _#d; :@ng s mol 0D y _#d; Z C#d" y ~ ;yD"yl `" h\n h-p x cK D mol Pa l mol El UmR Pa y D#F~ UmREl y ~_#CT MCt DE +,i t-( th*m 7h? C5 M. M&t h\n h-p gBm Pa# El cK tp l( s mol l Co D. Oho h\n h-p n" *o n?+c. uau 'hi '4t thc phn Wng thu )?-c F#j lt 0 DU)'tcR * cht %an 'h$ng tan. ]hi l?-ng cht %an lo E. d#jg >. d#dg O. d#lg Y. C_#Fg
13 ~ ` lt 'h. :nh l

C>a DPa

%Bi ;t cc t%?8ng h-p nh?

DEl T0D ; C#d;

_#d;

DEl T0D " C#d"

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Sng kin kinh nghim Trng THPT Tn Yn s 1 C5 N. :%&n m&t ung /ch chWa a mol PaElS D *+i m&t ung /ch chWa b mol 0Ol. I9 cK '4t ta sau 'hi t%&n tho E. a y b C5 O. >. a y Db O. b w la Y. b w da Oho ` lt ung /ch PaS0 DM *o ung /ch chWa _#C mol ElDUuSlRT *

_#C mol 0DuSl )4n 'hi phn Wng hon ton# thu )?-c ~#F gam '4t ta. Gi t%/ l+n nht ca ` )9 thu )?-c l?-ng '4t ta t%An l E. _#_d. C5 Q. >. _#ld. O. _#Dd. Y. _#Td. E Oho h\n h-p x gBm D 'im lo!i 'i,m * C 'im lo!i 'i,m th@ tan h4t E. :hAm _#D mol El DUuSlRT *o >. Cl#dj lt Y. ]4t 7u 'hc ElDUuSlRT *+i CD_ ml PaS0. c l" '4t ta

*o n?+c ? thu )?-c ` lt 0 D U)'tcR * th )?-c _#T mol ElUS0RT. :nh `} E. C_#_F lt O. C_#_F lt ho^c Cl#dj lt C5 R. :PCo :%&n C__ ml * nung )4n hon ton )?-c D#_lg cht %an. :PDo :%&n C__ ml PaS0 N t%An. E. CM * _#TM O. _#TM * CM C5 S. *o C5 T. Oho a mol ElOlT *o >. _#D ElDUuSlRT *+i D__ ml

PaS0. c l" '4t ta * nung )4n El DUuSlRT *

'hi l?-ng 'h$ng )@i )?-c D#_lg cht %an. :nh nBng )& ca cc >. CM * CM Y. _#dM * CM

chWa _#j mol PaS0# cng cho a mol ElOlT O. O E * > Y. ]4t 7u 'hc

chWa _# mol PaS0 th th" l?-ng '4t ta t!o %a b1ng nhau. :nh a} E. _#D~d Oho D__ ml ung /ch PaS0 *o D__ ml ung /ch D__ ml ung /ch

ElOlT DM# thu )?-c m&t '4t ta# nung '4t ta )4n 'hi l?-ng 'h$ng )@i )?-c d#C gam cht %an. PBng )& molelt ca ung /ch PaS0 lo E. C#d M * ~#d M O. CM * C#d M C5 U. >. C#d M * TM Y. DM * lM

:hAm Cd_ ml ung /ch PaS0 DM *o cc )ng C__ ml ung /ch

ElOlT ; molel 'hu" ),u )4n 'hi phn Wng ;" %a hon ton th" cK _#C mol '4t

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Sng kin kinh nghim Trng THPT Tn Yn s 1 ta. :hAm ti4p C__ ml ung /ch PaS0 DM *o cc 'hu" ),u )4n 'hi phn Wng ;" %a hon ton th" t%ong cc cK _#Cl mol '4t ta. Gi t%/ ca ; b1ngo A. D 9. C#j C. _#F ;. C C5 V. :hAm PaS0 *o ung /ch chWa h\n h-p _#_C mol 0Ol * _#_C mol ElOlT. ]4t ta thu )?-c l+n nht * nhc nht Wng *+i s mol PaS0 lLn l?-t b1ngo A. _#_C mol * _#_D mol C. _#_l mol * _#_d mol C5 MW. E. CC#dg 9. _#_D mol * _#_T mol ;. _#_T mol * _#_l mol

Oho m gam h\n h-p x gBm El * Pa *o 0 DS thu )?-c d__ ml >. j#~Dg O. CF#Ddg Y. Cd#Cg

chWa D cht tan cK nBng )& ),u b1ng _#dM. Gi t%/ ca m lo

C. T=XC N<=IYM :$i )G ti4n hnh thc nghi(m *+i hc sinh ca l+p CD EF Ul+p thc nghi(mR * CD Ed Ul+p )i chWngR t%?8ng :0V: :<n An s C *+i C_ c<u hci t%ac nghi(m t%ong th8i gian CF pht t%?+c * sau 'hi h?+ng fn cc 6m cch gii n". ]4t 7u nh? sauo U" thang )i9m C_R iJm Gicio [ C_ ]ho ~ F :>o d j MN AR ZG4( FEi ch[ngK SE =S ~ Cl C ^ Cl#DF DF#d~ TF#~F MN AU ZG4( th\c nghi]mK SE =S C_ CF Cl ^ DC#DF TF#T_ D#~
1!

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Sng kin kinh nghim s 1 4u# 'mo w d

CF#T~

Trng THPT Tn Yn d C_#jT

= l

= C__

= l~

= C__

@)nh gi) 7_t `5 th\c nghi]m :$i cK tham 'ho 3 'i4n ca cc 6m hc sinh *, cch gii bi N hai l+p. `+i l+p CD Ed U+p )i chWngR# )a s cc 6m gii th6o cch th$ng th?8ng l *i4t * tnh th6o ph?=ng t%nh nAn mt nhi,u th8i gian# t%ong CF pht )K cc 6m 'h$ng hon thnh )?-c bi m cK nhi,u c<u cc 6m phi chn ngfu nhiAn m&t ph?=ng n. `+i l+p CD EF Ul+p thc nghi(mR sau 'hi )?-c gio *iAn h?+ng fn th6o cch n" th cc 6m )G ti4t 'i(m th8i gian cho m\i c<u hci * gii bi chnh ;c h=n# nhi,u 6m )G hon thnh )?-c bi t%ong th8i gian CF pht * )!t '4t 7u cao. ;. abT LU"N L% $ cUdT :%An )<" t$i )G t%nh b" m&t s 'inh nghi(m ca bn th<n 'hi ging !" *, phLn 'im lo!i nh$m# )^c bi(t l phn Wng ca nh$m * h-p cht ca nh$m *+i ung /ch 'i,m. M\i !ng bi t$i )G l" m&t *i * . minh ho!# )G so snh cch gii th$ng th?8ng *+i cch gii m+i n"# )G ti4n hnh ging !" t%c ti4p *+i hc sinh * th" hc sinh %t phn 'hNi# ho hWng ti4p thu cch gii n"# ti4t 'i(m th8i gian m *fn cK '4t 7u chnh ;c 'hi lm bi thi ha" 'i9m t%a. :$i %t h" *ng %1ng *n ), n" s5 ti4p t.c )?-c cc nh s? ph!m# cc thL" c$ gio * cc )Bng nghi(p 7uan t<m# tm tbi# sng t!o )9 n<ng cao cht l?-ng !" * hc b& m$n ho hc. T%I LIYU T=AM a=ef kCm 0ong Ph<m 0o hc *$ c= tp D UD__DR t%ang Fj kDm A xu<n :%ng 0o hc CD n<ng cao UD__R t%ang C~l. kTm Oao O Gic [ 0?+ng fn gii nhanh bi tp ho hc UD__DR t%ang CdF. Pgu"n Vh?+c 0o :<n Vh?=ng php gii ton ho hc. :i li(u bBi ?Hng th?8ng ;u"An gio *iAn :0V: chu ' QQQ UD__l D__~R. Pg$ Pgc En Td_ bi tp ho hc * chn lc * n<ng cao l+p CD tp D.

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

1"

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1

Trng THPT Tn Yn

&= LC M. )nh gi)g x_( G?Ii c1* =Ci Fhng 7h?* hc c0( tr'ing

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

1#

Sng kin kinh nghim s 1

Trng THPT Tn Yn

N. )nh gi)g x_( G?Ii c1* =Ci Fhng 7h?* hc c0( ng,nh
.

Nguyn Nh Lan Phng

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