Ni dung

Cho hi

Hiu bit ho hc Ho hc k th
Khn gi cng chi

V ch

Ni dung
Cho hi

Hiu bit ho hc Ho hc k th
Khn gi cng chi

V ch

* Cc i bc thm la chn phn thi ca mnh. * Hiu bit Ho Hc mi i 5 cu mi cu 10 im thi gian suy ngh cho mi cu l 10 giy, tr li mt lt 5 cu. * Nu i no khng tr li c m i khc tr li c th i khng tr li c b tr 5 im, i tr li c c cng thm 5 im * Ht thi gian suy ngh 10 giy, nu khng c cu tr li ca 3 i chi th dnh cho khn gi.

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2 3

1. Ti sao thng N2 iu nhit kin thng tr v mt ha t hc? Nit tn ti dng phn hai nguyn t

c lin kt 3 bn vng. tham gia phn ng ho hc cn phi cung cp nng lng ln ph v lin kt . nhit cao nit kh hot ng v mt ho hc.

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

2. Cc nguyn t nhm halogen nguyn t c my e lp ngoi Cu hnh e lp ngoi cng ca cng? cc nguyn t halogen l: ns2np5. Nn lp ngoi cng cc halogen c 7 electron.

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

3. Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch NaOH long nhit nhit thng phm l nc Javen. thng ta sn s thu c sn Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl phm g?+ NaClO + H2O

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

4. Nguyn t ph bin nht Nguyn t oxi. trong v tri t? khong 50% khi lng v tri t, 60% khi lng c th con ngi, 89% khi lng nc, 20% th tch khng kh.

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

5. Sc t t kh CO2 Ban u xut hin ta, tng dn n cc i n d kt vo dung dch sau kt ta tan2dn n htl khi d CO2. Ca(OH) hin tng CO2 + Ca(OH) g? 2 CaCO3 + H2O CO2 + CaCO3 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

1. Nguyn t Li, Na, K c gi chung l cc nguyn t g?

Nguyn t kim loi kim (thuc nhm IA trong bng tun hon)

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

2. Nguyn t m tn ca n c ngha l mt tri? Nguyn t Heli. Ting Hi lp Heli c ngha l mt tri

Ht gi 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4 7

3. Lin kt trong phn t Brom thuc loi lin kt g?

Lin kt cng ho tr. Mi nguyn t Brm a ra 1 elctron dng chung to lin kt cng ho tr khng c cc.

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

4. Hin tng xy ra khi nh t t dung dch HCl Ban u khng c hin tng, n d vo dung dch sau khi HCl d thy c bt kh thot ra. Na2CO3? 2Ban u: CO3 + H+ HCO3Khi d H+: HCO3- + H+ H2O + CO2

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

V phn t CO2 c kt gia vi O 5. lin Ti sao khC CO 2 l lin cng ho tr c cc tkt tan trong nc? nhng CO2 (O=C=O) c cu to thng nn phn cc lin kt i C=O trit tiu nhau, kt qu l ton b phn t khng c cc, H2O l phn t c cc v vy CO2 t tan trong nc

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

Thng hoa, 1. un nng I2 rn v I2 c iu kin thng tn ti c hin tng g? mng tinh th phn t. Lc lin kt gia cc phn t l rt yu nn d thng hoa (t trng thi rn di tc dng ca nhit chuyn thnh trng thi hi, nu lm lnh li tr v trng thi rn m khng qua trng thi lng)

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

2. Nh t t dung dch NH3 nxut d vo dch Lc u hindung kt ta mu xanh CuCl thta c tan hin tng sau khi d g NH3 2 kt 2NH3 + Cu2+ +xy 2H2ra? O Cu(OH)2 + 2NH4 4NH3 + Cu(OH)2 [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

3. Nguyn t c m in ln nht?

Nguyn t Flo.

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

4. iu kin thng P trng - P trng c cu trc mng tinh th phn t, hay P hot ng hn? V cc nt mng l cc phn t hnh t din P4. sao? Cc phn t P4 lin kt vi nhau bng lc lin kt yu. - P C cu trc plime nn bn hn

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

5. Cho hn hp X cha Na2O, NH4Cl, NaHCO3, BaCl2 c s molDung mi cht nhau. Cho dchbng thu c ch cha NaCl. X vo nc, un nng thu2NaOH c Na O + H O 2 2 dung dch cha nhng cht + OH + NH4 NH3 + H2O no? OH- + HCO3- H2O + CO32CO 2- + Ba2+ BaCO
3 3

Ht gi 2 10 1 6 5 8 3 9 4

Phn chi c 3 cu hi. Cc i s bt thm chn cu hi ca i mnh. Th t tr li theo th t ca cu hi

Cu 1. Hy quan st, nu hin tng v gii thch th nghim sau:

Cu 2. Cho 4 ng nghim mt nhn gm: (NH4)2SO4, CuCl2, AlCl3, Na2CO3 Ch dng mt thuc th duy nht hy nhn bit.

Cu 3. Hy quan st, nu hin tng v gii thch th nghim sau:

Ngi ta thng chuyn ch dung dch H2SO4 m c bng thng lm bng cht liu g ? V sao?

Dung dch H2SO4 m c c tnh oxi ho rt mnh. Tuy nhin, mt s kim loi nh Al, Fe, Cr li b th ng trong dung dch H2SO4 m c ngui. Li dng tnh cht ny ngi ta dng cc bnh bng thp chuyn ch H2SO4 c v thnh phn chnh ca thp chnh l Fe.

V sao sau cn ma ging khng kh li tr nn trong lnh ?

C 2 nguyn nhn: Nc ma ra ht bi bn trong khng kh. Sm st bin mt lng nh oxi trong khng kh thnh ozon. V ozon c tnh oxi ha mnh, c tnh dit khun, gy cho ngi ta cm gic sng khoi, mt m.

Hy gii thch cu ca dao sau: La chim lp l u b H nghe ting sm pht c m ln.

Khi c ting sm th N2 + O2 NO NO + O2 NO2 NO2 + H2O HNO3. HNO3 i km vi nc ma ri xung t, kt hp vi cc ion trong t to thnh cc loi phn m c tc dng tt cho cy trng.

V sao clo, thuc tm li c kh nng dit khun?

Kh clo v dung dch KMnO4 u c tnh oxi ha mnh nn c kh nng dit vi khun. V d: ngi ta dng nc clo kh trng nc,...

V sao cng un lu ngy bng than, ci, du,... lp nh ni bn ngoi cng dy ?

i a s cht chy u l hp cht hu c (c cha cacbon) Khi chy c khng kh th cacbon s chy ht v to thnh CO2. Khi khng c khng kh th cacbon chy khng ht v to thnh cc ht bay trong khng kh, bm vo ni nn lm cho nh ni ngy cng dy thm.

Phn chi gm 5 cu hi, mi cu 10 im. Sau khi ngi dn chng trnh c xong cu hi, i no pht c nhanh nht i ginh c quyn tr li. Tr li sai hai i cn li c quyn tr li tip (Nu sai khng b tr im)

Cu 1: m chy kim loi nh Mg, Al c th cha chy bng CO2 hay khng? Ti sao?

Khng. V Mg, Al c tnh kh mnh xi ho Mg, Al... CO2 + Mg MgO + CO Nn m chy cng mnh hn.

Cu 2: Trong mt n bo him chng ht phi kh c ngi ta dng ha cht no?

Dng C hot tnh (than bt) v c kh nng hp th tt.

Cu 3: Trong cng nghip thc phm, cht no c dng lm bt n, gii thch?

NH4HCO3 V di tc dng ca nhit NH4HCO3 NH3 + H2O + CO2 c kh nng lm xp.

Cu 4: Loi m no bn cho cy trng khng lm nh hng n chua ca t?

m ure (NH2)2CO V khi tan trong nc (NH2)2CO + H2O (NH4)2CO3 l mui ca axit yu v baz yu c mi trng gn nh trung tnh nn khng lm chua t.

Cu 5: hm xng c thnh phn chnh l Ca3(PO4)2 cho mau nh ngi ta thng cho thm g vo?

Nhng cht c tnh axit nh gim, chanh, kh... V Ca3(PO4)2 l mui ca axit yu vi baz mnh c mi trng baz, cho cht c tnh axit vo trung ho.