Trc tin bn phi hiu BroadCast l g ? V ti sao phi c Broadcast trn ci i ny .

BroadCast (BC) l 1 gi tin ca 1 CLient gi n tt c cc Client khc trong cng 1 m ng . V trong 1 thi im v d 10 Client v c 10 u tung BroadCast th mng chng ta s chu 10x10=100 gi tin 1 lc . Vy BroadCast c hi qu i ch , sao khng dp n cho ri cn pht minh ra lm g . BroadCast c ng dng trong nhng trung hp khc . V d cng 1 mng th my ny lm sao bit c my kia , n phi dng BC tm ra nhau . V d my c Computername tn l CD01 mang IP 192.168.1.1 . Bn Ping 192.168.1.1 th bn s c n Reply v bn Ping CD01 th bn cng c n Reply nhng hnh ng Ping Cd01 tc l hnh ng to BroadCast v n s la lng ln cho tt c cc my trong mng rng " Ai l CD01 tr li tui dm ci " . T BC ng dng trong rt rt nhiu trung hp , v d : Chat . Bn ni 1 cu l tt c cng nghe , dng cho hi tho meeting v.v.. SW v R ng nhin cng c to BC nhn ra nhau . l Mng th phi c BC v n khng th thiu trong Networking , nh Protein l 1 phn ca s sng vy . Xung t th cng c ch khng phi khng , nhng thung rt nh khng ng k u bn . Nghe BC th hi lm nhng cng phi trn 1000 clients m i c vn xy ra v trong thc t th chng ai khng m dng 1 Network c 1000 Clients , ngui ta chia nh ra nhiu Net con c die th cng die 1 vng nh ch ko t lit ton b c .

Collision domain : Min xung t c nh ngha l cc on mng Ethernet hay Fast Ethernet nm gia mt cp Bridge hay cc thit b lp 2 khc. V l do ton b lu lng chia s chung ng tuyn kt ni n thit b lp 2. Trong min xung t mt thit b gi tn hiu n Hub (b tp trung) th tt c cc thit b khc u nhn c. Cc Hub m rng Collision domain, trong khi cc Bridge v Switch to ra cc Collision domain. Broadcast domain: Gi l min qung b, n l mt vng trong thng tin c gi ti tt c cc thit b c kt ni. Thit b gii hn min qung b l cc Router. V cng chnh Router to ra cc min qung b. Nh vy mi mt giao din ca Router l mt Broadcast domain. Mt Broadcast domain c th gm nhiuCollision domain . V d Ethernet LAN (Local Area Network) l cc min qung b, mi thit b kt ni vo mng LAN u c th gi thng tin ti cc thit b khc trong mng. Ngoi ra cc thit b nh Repeater, Hub chng m rng mng LAN tc l m rng min qung b. Cc thit b nh Bridge, Switch lm nhim v kt ni cc LAN vi nhau nn ch m rng min qung b ch khng ngn c cc bn tin pht qung b

Collision domain: collision l s ng , c ngha l tn hiu in xy ra mt s xung t. Bn hnh dung s c 2 hoc nhiu lung tn hiu in chy trn cng mt mi trng truyn dn. Khi , chng s b xung t ln nhau. Vng ng , l tp hp tt c cc thit b trong cng mt khu vc c kh nng xy ra hin tng xung t ny. Broadcast domain: broadcast l gi qung b. Khi mt my tnh gi d liu theo kiu qung b, tt c cc my tnh khc s nhn c d liu.

Hai vng ny khc nhau. Vng ng th d liu b li, my tnh ang i nhn d liu khng x l c d liu . Vng qung b th tt c cc my tnh u nhn c d liu, v tt c u phi x l d liu .

Thit b phn lp mng

Hub,Switch,Router l chnh l thit b phn lp mng. xc nh vng broadcast v cng collision bn nn nh:

Hub: Khng phn chia Collision domain v Broadcast domain. Tt c my tnh ni vo Hub th thuc cng mt Collision domain, cng mt Broadcast Domain. Switch: Chia Collision domain, khng chia broadcast domain. Tt c nhng my tnh ni vo cng mt interface (port) ca Switch th thuc mt collision, c bao nhiu interface (port) th c by nhiu collision domain. Nhng chng c chung mt broadcast domain. Router: Phn chia Collision, phn chia Broadcast. C bao nhiu interface (port) trn router th c by nhiu vng collision v broadcast. Xt theo th t trn, trong phn lp mng d hiu nht l: Ni cc PC vo Hub, ri ni cc Hub v Switch, ni cc Switch v PC. By gi bn bit th no l Broadcast v th no l Collision domain ri ch?. Chng ta s cng lm mt vi v d in hnh trong thi CCNA bn hiu r hn.

Ex1: How many broadcast domains are there in this topology?

1. 3 2. 5 3. 7 4. 9 5. 11 Cu hi l c bao nhiu vng broadcast domain. Bn nh l rng ch c router mi phn chia c vng broadcast. Nhng vy c bao nhiu interface ni qua cc router th c by nhiu vng broadcast. S th t trn hnh l do ti t thm vo bn thy r cc vng broadcast .

Ex3: What two facts can be determined about the exhibited topology? (Choose two.)

1. A single broadcast domain is present 2. Two logical address ranges are required. 3. Three broadcast domains are shown. 4. Four networks are needed. 5. Five collision domains exist. y khng c router, nn ch c duy nht mt vng broadcast. 5 collision domain c ti nh du nh trn hnh v.

How many collision and broadcast domains are in the network shown below?

4 collision domains and 3 broadcast domains

7 collision domains and 2 broadcast domains

8 collision domains and 1 broadcast domain

6 collision domains and 2 broadcast domains

There are 7 collision domains and 2 broadcast domains. They are labeled as shown below. Each router interface makes a broadcast domain and each switch interface creates a collision domain. The hub interfaces do neither.