Tai Lieu On Thi Tot Nghiep Hay 2012

CHNG 1: ESTE - CHT BO
A. L THUYT
I. CHNG 1 ESTE LIPIT
1. Khi nim
Este l g? c im cu to R - COO R.Cng thc chung este no, n chc CnH2nO2
(n1).
2. Tnh cht ha hc
Phn ng thy phn, xc tc axit :
H2SO4, t0
RCOOR' + H2O
Phn ng x phng ha :
RCOOR' + NaOH
(R-COO)3C3H5 + 3NaOH
RCOOH + R'OH
t0
RCOONa + R'OH
t0
3R-COONa + C3H5(OH)3
Phn ng hidro ha cht bo lng :

(CH3[CH2]7CH=CH[CH2]7COO)3C3H5 + 3H2
Ni, t0
(CH3[CH2]16COO)3C3H5
B. BI TP
Cu 1: S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O2 l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 2: S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 3: S ng phn n chc ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O2 l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 4: S ng phn n chc ng vi cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l
A. 6.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 5: Cho tt c cc ng phn n chc, mch h, c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2 ln
lt tc dng vi: Na, NaOH, NaHCO3. S phn ng xy ra l
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 6: Cht X c cng thc phn t C 3H6O2, l este ca axit axetic. Cng thc cu to thu gn
ca X l
A. C2H5COOH. B. HO-C2H4-CHO.
C. CH3COOCH3. D. HCOOC2H5.
Cu 7: Hp cht X c cng thc cu to: CH3CH2COOCH3. Tn gi ca X l:
A. etyl axetat.
B. metyl propionat.
C. metyl axetat. D. propyl axetat.
Cu 8: Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (c mt H2SO4 long) thu c 2 sn
phm hu c X v Y. T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y bng mt phn ng duy nht. Tn gi
ca E l:
A. metyl propionat.
B. propyl fomat. C. ancol etylic.
D. etyl axetat.
Cu 9: Este etyl axetat c cng thc l
A. CH3CH2OH. B. CH3COOH.
C. CH3COOC2H5.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 10: un nng este HCOOCH3 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm thu c
l
A. CH3COONa v C2H5OH.
B. HCOONa v CH3OH.
C. HCOONa v C2H5OH.
D. CH3COONa v CH3OH.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 11: Este etyl fomiat c cng thc l

A. CH3COOCH3. B. HCOOC2H5. C. HCOOCH=CH2.
D. HCOOCH3.
Cu 12: un nng este CH3COOC2H5 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm thu
c l
A. CH3COONa v CH3OH.
B. CH3COONa v C2H5OH.
C. HCOONa v C2H5OH.
D. C2H5COONa v CH3OH.
Cu 13: Thy phn este X trong mi trng kim, thu c natri axetat v ancol etylic. Cng
thc ca X l
A. C2H3COOC2H5.
B. CH3COOCH3.
C. C2H5COOCH3.
D. CH3COOC2H5.
Cu 14: Este metyl acrilat c cng thc l
A. CH3COOCH3. B. CH3COOCH=CH2. C. CH2=CHCOOCH3. D. HCOOCH3.
Cu 15: Este vinyl axetat c cng thc l
A. CH3COOCH3. B. CH3COOCH=CH2. C. CH2=CHCOOCH3. D. HCOOCH3.
Cu 16: un nng este CH3COOCH=CH2 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm
thu c l
A. CH2=CHCOONa v CH3OH.
B. CH3COONa v CH3CHO.
C. CH3COONa v CH2=CHOH.
Cu 17: un nng este CH2=CHCOOCH3 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm
thu c l
A. CH2=CHCOONa v CH3OH.
B. CH3COONa v CH3CHO.
C. CH3COONa v CH2=CHOH.
Cu 18: Khi t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc th s mol CO2 sinh ra bng s mol O2
phn ng. Tn gi ca este l
A. n-propyl axetat.
B. metyl axetat. C. etyl axetat.
D. metyl fomiat.
Cu 19: Hai cht hu c X1 v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60 vC. X1 c kh nng
phn ng vi: Na, NaOH, Na2CO3. X2 phn ng vi NaOH (un nng) nhng khng phn ng
Na. Cng thc cu to ca X1, X2 ln lt l:
A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COO-CH3.
B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3.
C. H-COO-CH3, CH3-COOH.
D. CH3-COOH, H-COO-CH3.
Cu 20: Cho s chuyn ha sau (mi mi tn l mt phng trnh phn ng):
Tinh bt X Y Z metyl axetat. Cc cht Y, Z trong s trn ln lt l:
A. C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH, CH3OH.
C. CH3COOH, C2H5OH.
D. C2H4, CH3COOH.
Cu 21: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thu phn trong mi trng axit thu c
axetanehit. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l
A. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2.
B. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3.
C. CH3COO-CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
Cu 22: Cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C17H35COOH v C15H31COOH, s
loi trieste c to ra ti a l
A. 6.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 23: Cho cc cht: etyl axetat, anilin, ancol etylic, axit acrylic, phenol, phenylamoni clorua,
ancol benzylic,
p-crezol. Trong cc cht ny, s cht tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 24: Khi thu phn cht bo trong mi trng kim th thu c mui ca axit bo v
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. phenol.
B. glixerol.
C. ancol n chc.
D. este n chc.
Cu 25: Khi x phng ha tristearin ta thu c sn phm l
A. C15H31COONa v etanol.
B. C17H35COOH v glixerol.
C. C15H31COOH v glixerol.
D. C17H35COONa v glixerol.
Cu 26: Khi x phng ha tripanmitin ta thu c sn phm l
C. C15H31COONa v glixerol.
Cu 27: Khi x phng ha triolein ta thu c sn phm l
C. C15H31COONa v glixerol.
Cu 28: Khi thu phn trong mi trng axit tristearin ta thu c sn phm l
C. C15H31COOH v glixerol.
Cu 29: un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H 2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn
ng t ti trng thi cn bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l
(Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16).
A. 50%
B. 62,5%
C. 55%
D. 75%
Cu 30: Cho 6 gam mt este ca axit cacboxylic no n chc v ancol no n chc phn ng
va ht vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Tn gi ca este l
A. etyl axetat.
B. propyl fomiat. C. metyl axetat. D. metyl fomiat.
Cu 31: trung ha lng axit t do c trong 14 gam mt mu cht bo cn 15ml dung dch
KOH 0,1M. Ch s axit ca mu cht bo trn l (Cho H = 1; O = 16; K = 39)
A. 4,8
B. 6,0
C. 5,5
D. 7,2
Cu 32: X phng ho hon ton 22,2 gam hn hp gm hai este HCOOC2H5 vCH3COOCH3
bng dung dch NaOH 1M (un nng). Th tch dung dch NaOH ti thiu cn dng l
A. 400 ml.
B. 300 ml.
C. 150 ml.
D. 200 ml.
Cu 33: X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn dung
dch sau phn ng thu c khi lng x phng l
A. 16,68 gam.
B. 18,38 gam.
C. 18,24 gam.
D. 17,80 gam.
Cu 34: X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l (cho H = 1, C =
12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. 3,28 gam.
B. 8,56 gam.
C. 8,2 gam.
D. 10,4 gam.
Cu 35: Cho dy cc cht: HCHO, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5, HCOOH, C2H5OH, HCOOCH3.
S cht trong dy tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 36: Cht X c cng thc phn t C2H4O2, cho cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH to ra
mui v nc. Cht X thuc loi
A. ancol no a chc.
B. axit khng no n chc.
C. este no n chc.
D. axit no n chc.
Cu 37: t chy hon ton 7,8 gam este X thu c 11,44 gam CO 2 v 4,68 gam H2O. Cng
thc phn t ca este l
A. C4H8O4
B. C4H8O2
C. C2H4O2
D. C3H6O2
Cu 38: Thu phn hon ton 11,44 gam este no, n chc, mch h X vi 100ml dung dch
NaOH 1,3M (va ) thu c 5,98 gam mt ancol Y. Tn gi ca X l
A. Etyl fomat
B. Etyl axetat
C. Etyl propionat D. Propyl axetat
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 39: Thu phn este X c CTPT C4H8O2 trong dung dch NaOH thu c hn hp hai cht
hu c Y v Z trong Y c t khi hi so vi H2 l 16. X c cng thc l
A. HCOOC3H7
B. CH3COOC2H5 C. HCOOC3H5
D. C2H5COOCH3
Cu 40: Propyl fomat c iu ch t
A. axit fomic v ancol metylic.
B. axit fomic v ancol propylic.
C. axit axetic v ancol propylic.
D. axit propionic v ancol metylic.
Cu 41: trung ho 14 gam mt cht bo cn 1,5 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Ch s axit ca cht
bo l
A. 6
B. 5
C. 7
D. 8
Cu 42: C th gi tn este (C17H33COO)3C3H5 l
A. triolein
B. tristearin
C. tripanmitin
D. stearic
Cu 43: un nng cht bo cn va 40 kg dung dch NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra
hon ton. Khi lng (kg) glixerol thu c l
A. 13,8
B. 4,6
C. 6,975
D. 9,2
Cu 44: X phng ho hon ton 37,0 gam hn hp 2 este l HCOOC 2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng
dung dch NaOH, un nng. Khi lng NaOH cn dng l
A. 8,0g
B. 20,0g
C. 16,0g
D. 12,0g
Cu 45: Hp cht Y c cng thc phn t C 4H8O2. Khi cho Y tc dng vi dung dch NaOH
sinh ra cht Z c cng thc C3H5O2Na. Cng thc cu to ca Y l
A. C2H5COOC2H5. B. CH3COOC2H5. C. C2H5COOCH3. D. HCOOC3H7.
Cu 46: X phng ho hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp 2 este l etyl axetat v metyl propionat bng
lng va v (ml) dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Gi tr v dng l
A. 200 ml.
B. 500 ml.
C. 400 ml.
D. 600 ml.
Cu 47: Trong phn t este (X) no, n chc, mch h c thnh phn oxi chim 36,36 % khi
lng. S ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
CHNG 2
GLUCOZ - SACCAROZ - TINH BT XENLULOZ
1. Cu to
a) glucozo v fructozo (C6H12O6)
Glucozo dng mch h l monoanehit v poliancol : CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO
Fructozo dng mch h l monoxeton v poliancol , c th chuyn ha thnh glucozo trong
OHmi trng bazo.
CH2OH[CHOH]3 -CO-CH2OH
CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO
b) Saccarozo (C12H22O11 hay C6H11O5 O- C6H11O5)
Phn t khng c nhm CHO, c chc poliancol
c) Tinh bt v xenlulozo (C6H10O5)n
Tinh bt : Cc mt xch glucozo lin kt vi nhau thnh mch xon l xo, phn t khng c
nhm CHO.
Xenlulozo : Cc mt xch glucozo lin kt vi nhau thnh mch ko di, phn t khng c
nhm CHO v mi mt xch c 3 nhm OH t do, nn c th vit : [C6H7O2(OH)3]n
2. Tnh cht ha hc
a) Glucozo c phn ng ca chc anehit
t0
GV: Hnh Tho-
CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO +2AgNO3+3NH3 +H2O
CH2OH[CHOH]4COONH4 +2Ag + 2NH4NO3
Fructozo cng c phn ng trng bc do trong mi trng kim, fructozo chuyn ha thnh
glucozo.
b) Glucozo, fructozo, saccarozo v xenlulozo c phn ng ca chc poliancol
Glucozo, fructozo, saccarozo phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 cho cc hp cht tan mu xanh lam
Xenlulozo tc dng vi axit nitric m c cho 0xenlulozo trinitrat:
H2SO4(c), t
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3nHNO3 (c)
[C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n + 3nH2O
c) Saccarozo, tinh bt v xenlulozo c phn ng thy phn nh xc tc axit hay enzim thch hp
C6H11O5 O- C6H11O5 + H2O
C6H12O6
+
C6H12O6
+
H
hoc
Saccarozo
glucozo
fructozo
H+ hoc
enzim
(C6H10O5)n
+
H2 O
n C6H12O6
enzim
Tinh bt hoc xenlulozo
glucozo
d) Phn ng ln men ru
C6H12O6
Enzim
30-350C
2C2H5OH
2CO2
B. BI TP
Cu 1: Trong phn t ca cacbohyrat lun c

A. nhm chc axit.
B. nhm chc xeton.
C. nhm chc ancol.
D. nhm chc anehit.
Cu 2: Cht thuc loi isaccarit l
A. glucoz.
B. saccaroz.
C. xenluloz.
D. fructoz.
Cu 3: Hai cht ng phn ca nhau l
A. glucoz v mantoz.
B. fructoz v glucoz.
C. fructoz v mantoz.
D. saccaroz v glucoz.
Cu 4: Trong iu kin thch hp glucoz ln men to thnh kh CO2 v
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 5: Saccaroz v glucoz u c
A. phn ng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng.
B. phn ng vi dung dch NaCl.
C. phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to thnh dung dch xanh lam.
D. phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit.
Cu 6: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y CH3COOH. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3CHO v CH3CH2OH.
B. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO.
C. CH3CH(OH)COOH v CH3CHO.
D. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2.
Cu 7: Cht tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. xenluloz.
B. tinh bt.
C. fructoz.
D. saccaroz.
Cu 8: Cht khng phn ng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng to thnh Ag l
A. C6H12O6 (glucoz). B. CH3COOH. C. HCHO.
D. HCOOH.
Cu 9: Dy gm cc dung dch u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 l
A. glucoz, glixerol, ancol etylic.
B. glucoz, andehit fomic, natri axetat.
C. glucoz, glixerol, axit axetic.
D. glucoz, glixerol, natri axetat.
Cu 10: chng minh trong phn t ca glucoz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung
dch glucoz phn ng vi
A. Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH, un nng.
B. AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng.
C. Cu(OH)2 nhit thng.
D. kim loi Na.
Cu 11: Khi ln men 360 gam glucoz vi hiu sut 100%, khi lng ancol etylic thu c l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. 184 gam.
B. 276 gam.
C. 92 gam.
D. 138 gam.
Cu 12: Cho m gam glucoz ln men thnh ru etylic vi hiu sut 80%. Hp th hon ton
kh CO2 sinh ra vo nc vi trong d thu c 20 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 14,4
B. 45.
C. 11,25
D. 22,5
Cu 13: un nng dung dch cha 27 gam glucoz vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 (d) th
khi lng Ag ti a thu c l
A. 16,2 gam.
B. 10,8 gam.
C. 21,6 gam.
D. 32,4 gam.
Cu 14: Cho 50ml dung dch glucoz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d AgNO 3 trong
dung dch NH3 thu
c 2,16 gam bc kt ta. Nng mol (hoc mol/l) ca dung dch glucoz dng l (Cho
Ag = 108)
A. 0,20M
B. 0,01M
C. 0,02M
D. 0,10M
Cu 15: Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 80% l
A. 2,25 gam.
B. 1,80 gam.
C. 1,82 gam.
D. 1,44 gam.
Cu 16: un nng xenluloz trong dung dch axit v c, thu c sn phm l
A. saccaroz.
B. glucoz.
C. fructoz.
D. mantoz.
Cu 17: Cho s chuyn ha sau: Tinh bt X Y axit axetic. X v Y ln lt l
A. ancol etylic, anehit axetic.
B. glucoz, ancol etylic.
C. glucoz, etyl axetat.
D. glucoz, anehit axetic.
Cu 18: Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz, mantoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng
A. ho tan Cu(OH)2.
B. trng ngng. C. trng gng. D. thy phn.
Cu 19: Mt cht khi thy phn trong mi trng axit, un nng khng to ra glucoz. Cht
l
A. protit.
B. saccaroz.
C. tinh bt.
D. xenluloz.
Cu 20: Cho dy cc cht: glucoz, xenluloz, saccaroz, tinh bt, fructoz. S cht trong dy
tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 21: Thy phn 324 gam tinh bt vi hiu sut ca phn ng l 75%, khi lng glucoz
thu c l
A. 250 gam.
B. 300 gam.
C. 360 gam.
D. 270 gam.
Cu 22: T 16,20 tn xenluloz ngi ta sn xut c m tn xenluloz trinitrat (bit hiu sut
phn ng tnh theo xenluloz l 90%). Gi tr ca m l
A. 26,73.
B. 33,00.
C. 25,46.
D. 29,70.
Cu 23: Cho cc cht: ancol etylic, glixerol, glucoz, imetyl ete v axit fomic. S cht tc
dng c vi Cu(OH)2 l:
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 24: Mun c 2610 gam glucoz th khi lng saccaroz cn em thu phn hon ton l
A. 4595 gam.
B. 4468 gam.
C. 4959 gam.
D. 4995 gam.
Cu 25: Thuc th phn bit glucoz v fructoz l
A. Cu(OH)2
B. dung dch brom. C. [Ag(NH3)2] NO3 D. Na
Cu 26: un nng 37,5 gam dung dch glucoz vi lng AgNO 3/dung dch NH3 d, thu c
6,48 gam bc. Nng % ca dung dch glucoz l
A. 11,4 %
B. 14,4 %
C. 13,4 %
D. 12,4 %
Cu 27: Phn t khi trung bnh ca xenluloz l 1620 000. Gi tr n trong cng thc
(C6H10O5)n l
A. 10000
B. 8000
C. 9000
D. 7000
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 28: Trng bc hon ton m gam glucoz thu c 86,4 gam Ag. Nu ln men hon ton m
gam glucoz ri cho kh CO2 thu c hp th vo nc vi trong d th lng kt ta thu c
l
A. 60g.
B. 20g.
C. 40g.
D. 80g.
Cu 29: Trong cc cht sau: axit axetic, glixerol, glucoz, ancol etylic, xenluloz. S cht ha
tan c Cu(OH)2 nhit thng l
A. 3
B. 5
C. 1
D. 4
Cu 30: Ln men 41,4 gam glucoz vi hiu sut 80%, lng kh thu c cho hp th hon
ton vo dung dch nc vi trong d th lng kt ta thu c l
A. 18,4
B. 28,75g
C. 36,8g
D. 23g.
Cu 31: Cho m gam glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic. Kh sinh ra cho vo nuc vi trong d
thu c 120 gam kt ta, bit hiu sut qu trnh ln men t 60%. Gi tr m l
A. 225 gam.
B. 112,5 gam.
C. 120 gam.
D. 180 gam.
Cu 32: Cho cc dung dch sau: saccaroz, glucoz, anehit axetic, glixerol, ancol etylic,
axetilen, fructoz. S lng dung dch c th tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Cu 33: Khi thy phn saccaroz th thu c
A. ancol etylic. B. glucoz v fructoz. C. glucoz.
D. fructoz.
Cu 34: Cng thc no sau y l ca xenluloz?
A. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n. B. [C6H8O2(OH)3]n. C. [C6H7O3(OH)3]n. D. [C6H5O2(OH)3]n.
Cu 35: Dy cc cht no sau y u c phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit?
A. Tinh bt, xenluloz, glucoz.
B. Tinh bt, xenluloz, fructoz.
C. Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz.
D. Tinh bt, saccaroz, fructoz
CHNG 3: AMIN - AMINOAXIT - PEPTIT - PROTEIN
Tc nhn
H2O
Axit HCl
Bazo tan
(NaOH)
Ancol
ROH/HCl
Br2/H2O
Xt , t0
Amin bc I
RNH2
C6H5NH2
To dung
dch bazo
To mui
To mui
Tnh cht ha hc
Amino axit
Protein
1
...NH-CH(R )-CO-NH-CH(R2)-CO...
y(H2N)-R-(COOH)x
To mui
To mui
To mui hoc b thy phn khi un

nng
Thy phn khi un nng
To este
To kt ta
trng
v amino
axit tham gia phn
ng trng ngng
Cu(OH)2
To hp cht mu tm
B. BI TP
AMIN - ANILIN
Cu 1: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C2H7N l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
A. 5.
B. 7.
C. 6.
D. 8.
Cu 4: S ng phn amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C3H9N l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 5: S ng phn amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C4H11N l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 6: C bao nhiu amin cha vng benzen c cng cng thc phn t C7H9N ?
A. 3 amin.
B. 5 amin.
C. 6 amin.
D. 7 amin.
Cu 7: Anilin c cng thc l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C6H5OH.
C. C6H5NH2.
D. CH3OH.
Cu 8: Trong cc cht sau, cht no l amin bc 2?
A. H2N-[CH2]6NH2 B. CH3CH(CH3)NH2 C. CH3NHCH3 D. C6H5NH2
Cu 9: C bao nhiu amin bc hai c cng cng thc phn t C5H13N ?
A. 4 amin.
B. 5 amin.
C. 6 amin.
D. 7 amin.
Cu 10: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht CH3CH(CH3)NH2?
A. Metyletylamin.
B. Etylmetylamin.
C. Isopropanamin.
D. Isopropylamin.
Cu 11: Trong cc tn gi di y, cht no c lc baz mnh nht ?
A. NH3
B. C6H5CH2NH2
C. C6H5NH2
D. (CH3)2NH
Cu 12: Trong cc tn gi di y, cht no c lc baz yu nht ?
A. C6H5NH2
B. C6H5CH2NH2
C. (C6H5)2NH
D. NH3
Cu 13: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht C6H5-CH2-NH2?
A. Phenylamin.
B. Benzylamin.
C. Anilin.
D. Phenylmetylamin.
Cu 14: Trong cc cht di y, cht no c tnh baz mnh nht ?
A. C6H5NH2.
B. (C6H5)2NH
C. p-CH3-C6H4-NH2. D. C6H5-CH2-NH2
Cu 15: Cht khng c kh nng lm xanh nc qu tm l
A. Anilin
B. Natri hiroxit. C. Natri axetat.
D. Amoniac.
Cu 16: Cht khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH l
A. C6H5NH3Cl.
B. C6H5CH2OH. C. p-CH3C6H4OH. D. C6H5OH.
Cu 17: tch ring tng cht t hn hp benzen, anilin, phenol ta ch cn dng cc ho cht
(dng c,iu kin th nghim y ) l
A. dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl, kh CO2.
B. dung dch Br2, dung dch HCl, kh CO2.
C. dung dch Br2, dung dch NaOH, kh CO2.
D. dung dch NaOH, dung dch NaCl, kh CO2.
Cu 18: Dy gm cc cht u lm giy qu tm m chuyn sang mu xanh l:
A. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac.
B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hiroxit.
C. anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit.
D. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat.
Cu 19: Kt ta xut hin khi nh dung dch brom vo
A. ancol etylic.
B. benzen.
C. anilin.
D. axit axetic.
Cu 20: Cht lm giy qu tm m chuyn thnh mu xanh l
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3NH2.
C. C6H5NH2.
Cu 21: Anilin (C6H5NH2) phn ng vi dung dch
D. NaCl.
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. NaOH.
B. HCl.
C. Na2CO3.
D. NaCl.
Cu 22: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn. Thuc th
phn bit 3 cht lng trn l
A. dung dch phenolphtalein. B. nc brom.
C. dung dch NaOH.
D. giy qu tm.
Cu 23: Anilin (C6H5NH2) v phenol (C6H5OH) u c phn ng vi
A. dung dch NaCl.
B. dung dch HCl.
C. nc Br2. D. dung dch NaOH.
Cu 24: Dung dch metylamin trong nc lm
A. qu tm khng i mu.
B. qu tm ha xanh.
C. phenolphtalein ho xanh.
D. phenolphtalein khng i mu.
Cu 25: Cht c tnh baz l
A. CH3NH2.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH3CHO.
D. C6H5OH.
Cu 26: Cho 500 gam benzen phn ng vi HNO3 (c) c mt H2SO4 c, sn phm thu
c em kh thnh anilin. Nu hiu sut chung ca qu trnh l 78% th khi lng anilin thu
c l
A. 456 gam.
B. 564 gam.
C. 465 gam.
D. 546 gam.
Cu 27: Cho 9,3 gam anilin (C6H5NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu
c l
A. 11,95 gam.
B. 12,95 gam.
C. 12,59 gam.
D. 11,85 gam.
Cu 28: Cho 5,9 gam etylamin (C3H7NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui
(C3H7NH3Cl) thu c l (Cho H = 1, C = 12, N = 14)
A. 8,15 gam.
B. 9,65 gam.
C. 8,10 gam.
D. 9,55 gam.
Cu 29: Cho 4,5 gam etylamin (C2H5NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu
c l
A. 7,65 gam.
B. 8,15 gam.
C. 8,10 gam.
D. 0,85 gam.
Cu 30: Cho anilin tc dng va vi dung dch HCl thu c 38,85 gam mui. Khi lng
anilin phn ng l
A. 18,6g
B. 9,3g
C. 37,2g
D. 27,9g.
Cu 31: Trung ha 11,8 gam mt amin n chc cn 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cng thc
phn t ca X l
A. C2H5N
B. CH5N
C. C3H9N
D. C3H7N
Cu 32: Cho lng d anilin phn ng hon ton vi dung dch cha 0,05 mol H 2SO4 long.
Khi lng mui thu c bng bao nhiu gam?
A. 7,1g.
B. 14,2g.
C. 19,1g.
D. 28,4g.
Cu 33: trung ha 20 gam dung dch ca mt amin n chc X nng 22,5% cn dng
100ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cng thc phn t ca X l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; N = 14)
A. C2H7N
B. CH5N
C. C3H5N
D. C3H7N
Cu 34: Cho 10 gam amin n chc X phn ng hon ton vi HCl (d), thu c 15 gam
mui. S ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 8.
B. 7.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 35: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol metylamin (CH 3NH2), sinh ra V lt kh N 2 ( ktc). Gi tr
ca V l
A. 4,48.
B. 1,12.
C. 2,24.
D. 3,36.
Cu 36: t chy hon ton m gam metylamin (CH3NH2), sinh ra 2,24 lt kh N2 ( ktc). Gi tr
ca m l
A. 3,1 gam.
B. 6,2 gam.
C. 5,4 gam.
D. 2,6 gam.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 37: Th tch nc brom 3% (d = 1,3g/ml) cn dng iu ch 4,4 gam kt ta 2,4,6

tribrom anilin l
A. 164,1ml.
B. 49,23ml.
C 146,1ml.
D. 16,41ml.
Cu 38: t chy hon ton amin no n chc X, thu c 16,8 lt CO2 ; 2,8 lt N2 (ktc) v
20,25 g H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H9N.
B. C3H7N.
C. C2H7N.
D. C3H9N.
Cu 39: Mt amin n chc c cha 31,111%N v khi lng. Cng thc phn t v s ng
phn ca amin tng ng l
A. CH5N; 1 ng phn.
B. C2H7N; 2 ng phn.
C. C3H9N; 4 ng phn.
D. C4H11N; 8 ng phn.
Cu 40: Cho 11,25 gam C2H5NH2 tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch HCl x(M). Sau khi phn ng
xong thu c dung dch c cha 22,2 gam cht tan. Gi tr ca x l
A. 1,3M
B. 1,25M
C. 1,36M
D. 1,5M
Cu 41: t chy hon ton mt amin no, n chc, mch h thu c t l khi lng ca CO 2
so vi nc l 44 : 27. Cng thc phn t ca amin l
A. C3H7N
B. C3H9N
C. C4H9N
D. C4H11N
Cu 42: Cho m gam Anilin tc dng ht vi dung dch Br 2 thu c 9,9 gam kt ta. Gi tr m
dng l
A. 0,93 gam
B. 2,79 gam
C. 1,86 gam
D. 3,72 gam
Cu 43: Ba cht lng: C2H5OH, CH3COOH, CH3NH2 ng trong ba l ring bit. Thuc th
dng phn bit ba cht trn l
A. qu tm.
B. kim loi Na.
C. dung dch Br2. D. dung dch NaOH.
Cu 44. Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu tnh baz gim dn t tri sang phi l
A. CH3NH2, NH3, C6H5NH2.
B. CH3NH2, C6H5NH2, NH3.
C. C6H5NH2, NH3, CH3NH2.
D. NH3, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2.
Cu 45: Cho dy cc cht: phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat, etanol. S cht
trong dy phn ng c vi NaOH (trong dung dch) l:
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 4.
AMINOAXIT PEPTIT - PROTEIN
Cu 1: Amino axit l hp cht hu c trong phn t
A. cha nhm cacboxyl v nhm amino.
B. ch cha nhm amino.
C. ch cha nhm cacboxyl.
D. ch cha nit hoc cacbon.
Cu 2: C4H9O2N c my ng phn amino axit c nhm amino v tr ?
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 3: C bao nhiu amino axit c cng cng thc phn t C4H9O2N?
A. 3 cht.
B. 4 cht.
C. 5 cht.
D. 6 cht.
Cu 4: C bao nhiu amino axit c cng cng thc phn t C3H7O2N?
A. 3 cht.
B. 4 cht.
C. 2 cht.
D. 1 cht.
Cu 5: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no khng ph hp vi cht CH3CH(NH2)COOH ?
A. Axit 2-aminopropanoic.
B. Axit -aminopropionic.
C. Anilin.
D. Alanin.
Cu 6: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no khng ph hp vi cht CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(NH2)COOH?
A. Axit 3-metyl-2-aminobutanoic.
B. Valin.
C. Axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic.
D. Axit -aminoisovaleric.
Cu 7: Trong cc cht di y, cht no l glixin?
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. H2N-CH2-COOH
B. CH3CH(NH2)COOH
C. HOOC-CH2CH(NH2)COOH
D. H2NCH2-CH2COOH
Cu 8: Dung dch ca cht no sau y khng lm i mu qu tm :
A. Glixin (CH2NH2-COOH)
B.Lizin (H2NCH2-[CH2]3CH(NH2)-COOH)
C. Axit glutamic (HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH)
D. Natriphenolat (C6H5ONa)
Cu 9: Cht X va tc dng c vi axit, va tc dng c vi baz. Cht X l
A. CH3COOH.
B. H2NCH2COOH.
C. CH3CHO.
D. CH3NH2.
Cu 10: Cht no sau y va tc dng c vi H2NCH2COOH, va tc dng c vi
CH3NH2?
A. NaCl.
B. HCl.
C. CH3OH.
D. NaOH.
Cu 11: Cht rn khng mu, d tan trong nc, kt tinh iu kin thng l
A. C6H5NH2.
B. C2H5OH.
C. H2NCH2COOH.
D. CH3NH2.
Cu 12: Cht tham gia phn ng trng ngng l
A. C2H5OH. B. CH2 = CHCOOH.
C. H2NCH2COOH.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 13: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH,
CH3CH2CH2NH2, C6H5OH (phenol). S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 14: chng minh aminoaxit l hp cht lng tnh ta c th dng phn ng ca cht ny
ln lt vi
A. dung dch KOH v dung dch HCl.
B. dung dch NaOH v dung dch NH3.
C. dung dch HCl v dung dch Na2SO4 .
D. dung dch KOH v CuO.
Cu 15: Cht phn ng c vi cc dung dch: NaOH, HCl l
A. C2H6.
B. H2N-CH2-COOH.
C. CH3COOH.
D. C2H5OH.
Cu 16: Axit aminoaxetic (H2NCH2COOH) tc dng c vi dung dch
A. NaNO3.
B. NaCl.
C. NaOH.
D. Na2SO4.
Cu 17: Dung dch ca cht no trong cc cht di y khng lm i mu qu tm ?
A. CH3NH2.
B. NH2CH2COOH
C. HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH.
D. CH3COONa.
Cu 18: phn bit 3 dung dch H2NCH2COOH, CH3COOH v C2H5NH2 ch cn dng mt
thuc th l
A. dung dch NaOH. B. dung dch HCl. C. natri kim loi. D. qu tm.
Cu 19: C cc dung dch ring bit sau: C6H5-NH3Cl (phenylamoni clorua), H2N-CH2-CH2CH(NH2)-COOH, ClH3N-CH2-COOH, HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, H2N-CH2-COONa.
S lng cc dung dch c pH < 7 l
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 20: Glixin khng tc dng vi
A. H2SO4 long. B. CaCO3.
C. C2H5OH.
D. NaCl.
Cu 21: Cho 7,5 gam axit aminoaxetic (H2N-CH2-COOH) phn ng ht vi dung dch HCl. Sau
phn ng, khi lng mui thu c l (Cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Cl = 35, 5)
A. 43,00 gam.
B. 44,00 gam.
C. 11,05 gam.
D. 11,15 gam.
Cu 22: Cho 7,5 gam axit aminoaxetic (H2N-CH2-COOH) phn ng ht vi dung dch NaOH.
Sau phn ng, khi lng mui thu c l (Cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. 9,9 gam.
B. 9,8 gam.
C. 7,9 gam.
D. 9,7 gam.
Cu 23: Cho m gam alanin phn ng ht vi dung dch NaOH. Sau phn ng, khi lng mui
thu c 11,1 gam. Gi tr m dng l (Cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. 9,9 gam.
B. 9,8 gam.
C. 8,9 gam.
D. 7,5 gam.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 24: Trong phn t aminoaxit X c mt nhm amino v mt nhm cacboxyl. Cho 15,0 gam
X tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 19,4 gam
mui khan. Cng thc ca X l
A. H2NC3H6COOH.
B. H2NCH2COOH.
C. H2NC2H4COOH.
D. H2NC4H8COOH.
Cu 25: 1 mol - amino axit X tc dng va ht vi 1 mol HCl to ra mui Y c hm lng
clo l 28,287% Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3-CH(NH2)COOH
B. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH
C. H2N-CH2-COOH
D. H2N-CH2-CH(NH2 )-COOH
Cu 26: Khi trng ngng 13,1 g axit - aminocaproic vi hiu sut 80%, ngoi aminoaxit cn
d ngi ta thu c m gam polime v 1,44 g nc. Gi tr m l
A. 10,41
B. 9,04
C. 11,02
D. 8,43
Cu 27: Este A c iu ch t ancol metylic v amino axit no B(cha mt nhm amino v
mt nhm cacboxyl). T khi hi ca A so vi oxi l 2,78125. Amino axit B l
A. axit amino fomic.
B. axit aminoaxetic.
C. axit glutamic.
D. axit -amino propionic.
Cu 28: C 0,01 mol aminoaxit (A) phn ng va vi 40 ml dung dch NaOH 0,25M. Mt
khc 1,5 gam aminoaxit (A) phn ng va vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH 0,25M. Khi lng
phn t ca A l
A. 150.
B. 75.
C. 105.
D. 89.
Cu 29: 0,01 mol aminoaxit (A) tc dng va vi 50 ml dung dch HCl 0,2M. C cn dung
dch sau phn ng c 1,835 gam mui khan. Khi lng phn t ca A l
A. 89.
B. 103.
C. 117.
D. 147.
Cu 30: Mt - amino axit X ch cha 1 nhm amino v 1 nhm cacboxyl. Cho 10,68 gam X
tc dng vi HCl d thu c 15,06 gam mui. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit glutamic.
B. valin.
C. alanin.
D. glixin
Cu 31: Este A c iu ch t -amino axit v ancol metylic. T khi hi ca A so vi hidro
bng 44,5. Cng thc cu to ca A l:
A. CH3CH(NH2)COOCH3.
B. H2N-CH2CH2-COOH
C. H2NCH2COOCH3.
D. H2NCH2CH(NH2)COOCH3.
Cu 32: A l mt aminoaxit. Cho bit 1 mol A phn ng va vi 1 mol HCl, hm lng
clo trong mui thu c l 19,346%. Cng thc ca A l :
A. HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH
B. HOOCCH2CH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH
C. CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH
D. CH3CH(NH2)COOH
Cu 33: Tri peptit l hp cht
A. m mi phn t c 3 lin kt peptit.
B. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit ging nhau.
C. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit khc nhau.
D. c 2 lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc -amino axit.
Cu 34: C bao nhiu tripeptit m phn t cha 3 gc amino axit khc nhau?
A. 3 cht.
B. 5 cht.
C. 6 cht.
D. 8 cht.
Cu 35: Trong cc cht di y, cht no l ipeptit ?
A. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-CH2-COOH.
B. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH.
GV: Hnh Tho-
C. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH.
D. H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH
Cu 36: T glyxin (Gly) v alanin (Ala) c th to ra my cht ipeptit ?
A. 1 cht.
B. 2 cht.
C. 3 cht.
D. 4 cht.
Cu 37: S ng phn tripeptit to thnh t 1 phn t glyxin v 2 phn t alanin l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 38: S ng phn tripeptit c cha gc ca c glyxin v alanin l
A. 6.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 39: Sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh thy phn cc protein n gin nh cht xc tc
thch hp l
A. -aminoaxit. B. -aminoaxit. C. axit cacboxylic.
D. este.
Cu 40: S ng phn ipeptit to thnh t 1 phn t glyxin v 1 phn t alanin l
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 4.
CHNG 4
POLIME - VT LIU POLIME
Cu 1: Polivinyl clorua c cng thc l
A. (-CH2-CHCl-)2. B. (-CH2-CH2-)n. C. (-CH2-CHBr-)n.
D. (-CH2-CHF-)n.
Cu 2: Cht khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l
A. stiren.
B. isopren.
C. propen.
D. toluen.
Cu 3: Cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l
A. propan.
B. propen.
C. etan.
D. toluen.
Cu 4: Qu trnh nhiu phn t nh (monome) kt hp vi nhau thnh phn t ln (polime)
ng thi gii phng nhng phn t nc gi l phn ng
A. nhit phn.
B. trao i.
C. trng hp.
D. trng ngng.
Cu 5: Qu trnh nhiu phn t nh (monome) kt hp vi nhau thnh phn t ln (polime)
ng thi gii phng nhng phn t nc c gi l phn ng
A. trao i.
B. nhit phn.
C. trng hp.
D. trng ngng.
Cu 6: Tn gi ca polime c cng thc (-CH2-CH2-)n l
A. polivinyl clorua.
B. polietilen.
C. polimetyl metacrylat. D. polistiren.
Cu 7: T monome nao sau y co th iu ch c poli(vinyl ancol)?
A. CH2=CH-COOCH3.
B. CH2=CH-OCOCH3.
C. CH2=CH-COOC2H5.
D. CH2=CH-CH2OH.
Cu 8: Cht tham gia phn ng trng hp to ra polime l
A. CH3-CH2-Cl. B. CH3-CH3.
C. CH2=CH-CH3. D. CH3-CH2-CH3.
Cu 9: Monome c dng iu ch polietilen l
A. CH2=CH-CH3. B. CH2=CH2.
C. CHCH.
D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
Cu 10: Dy gm cc cht c dng tng hp cao su Buna-S l:
A. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2.
B. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2.
C. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, lu hunh.
D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, CH3-CH=CH2.
Cu 11: Cho cc polime sau: (-CH2 CH2-)n ; (- CH2- CH=CH- CH2-)n ; (- NH-CH2 -CO-)n
Cng thc ca cc monome khi trng hp hoc trng ngng to ra cc polime trn ln lt
l:
A. CH2=CHCl, CH3-CH=CH-CH3, CH3- CH(NH2)- COOH.
GV: Hnh Tho-
B. CH2=CH2, CH2=CH-CH= CH2, NH2- CH2- COOH.

C. CH2=CH2, CH3- CH=C= CH2, NH2- CH2- COOH.
D. CH2=CH2, CH3- CH=CH-CH3, NH2- CH2- CH2- COOH.
Cu 12: Trong s cc loi t sau:
(1) [-NH-(CH2)6-NH-OC-(CH2)4-CO-]n 2) [-NH-(CH2)5-CO-]n ,(3) [C6H7O2(OOC-CH3)3]n .
T nilon-6,6 l
A. (1).
B. (1), (2), (3).
C. (3).
D. (2).
Cu 13: Nha phenolfomandehit c iu ch bng cch un nng phenol (d) vi dung dch
A. HCOOH trong mi trng axit.
B. CH3CHO trong mi trng axit.
C. CH3COOH trong mi trng axit.
D. HCHO trong mi trng axit.
Cu 14: Polivinyl axetat (hoc poli(vinyl axetat)) l polime c iu ch bng phn ng trng
hp
A. C2H5COO-CH=CH2.
B. CH2=CH-COO-C2H5.
C. CH3COO-CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
Cu 15: Nilon6,6 l mt loi
A. t axetat.
B. t poliamit.
C. polieste.
D. t visco.
Cu 16: Polime dng ch to thu tinh hu c (plexiglas) c iu ch bng phn ng
trng hp
A. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3.
B. CH2 =CHCOOCH3.
C. C6H5CH=CH2.
D. CH3COOCH=CH2.
Cu 17: Polivinyl clorua (PVC) iu ch t vinyl clorua bng phn ng
A. trao i.
B. oxi ho - kh. C. trng hp.
D. trng ngng.
Cu 18: Cng thc cu to ca polibutaien l
A. (-CF2-CF2-)n. B. (-CH2-CHCl-)n. C. (-CH2-CH2-)n. D. (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n.
Cu 19: T c sn xut t xenluloz l
A. t tm.
B. t capron.
C. t nilon-6,6.
D. t visco.
Cu 20: Monome c dng iu ch polipropilen l
A. CH2=CH-CH3. B. CH2=CH2.
C. CHCH.
D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
Cu 21: T c sn xut t xenluloz l
A. t visco.
B. t nilon-6,6.
C. t tm.
D. t capron.
Cu 22: T lapsan thuc loai
A. t poliamit.
B. t visco.
C. t polieste.
D. t axetat.
Cu 23: T capron thuc loai
A. t poliamit.
B. t visco.
C. t polieste.
D. t axetat.
Cu 24: T nilon - 6,6 c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng
A. HOOC-(CH2)2-CH(NH2)-COOH.
B. HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH v HO-(CH2)2-OH.
C. HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH v H2N-(CH2)6-NH2.
D. H2N-(CH2)5-COOH.
Cu 25: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y Cao su Buna. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO.
B. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2.
C. CH2CH2OH v CH3-CH=CH-CH3.
D. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
Cu 26: Cao su buna c to thnh t buta-1,3-ien bng phn ng
A. trng hp
B. trng ngng
C. cng hp
D. phn ng th
Cu 27: Cng thc phn t ca cao su thin nhin
A. ( C5H8)n
B. ( C4H8)n
C. ( C4H6)n
D. ( C2H4)n
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 28: Cht khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng ngng l :

A. glyxin.
B. axit terephtaric.
C. axit axetic.
D. etylen glycol.
Cu 29: T nilon -6,6 thuc loi
A. t nhn to.
B. t bn tng hp. C. t thin nhin.
D. t tng hp.
Cu 30: T visco khng thuc loi
A. t ha hc.
B. t tng hp.
C. t bn tng hp. D. t nhn to.
Cu 31. Trong cc loi t di y, t nhn to l
A. t visco.
B. t capron.
C. t nilon -6,6.
D. t tm.
Cu 32. Teflon l tn ca mt polime c dng lm
A. cht do.
B. t tng hp.
C. cao su tng hp.
D. keo dn.
Cu 33: Polime c cu trc mng khng gian (mng li) l
A. PVC.
B. nha bakelit. C. PE.
D. amilopectin.
Cu 34: T nilon-6,6 c tng hp t phn ng
A. trng hp gia axit aipic v hexametylen i amin
B. trng hp t caprolactan
C. trng ngng gia axit aipic v hexametylen i amin
D. trng ngng t caprolactan
Cu 35: T 4 tn C2H4 c cha 30% tp cht c th iu ch bao nhiu tn PE ? (Bit hiu sut
phn ng l 90%) A. 2,55
B. 2,8
C. 2,52
D.3,6
Cu 36: Phn t khi trung bnh ca PVC l 750000. H s polime ho ca PVC l
A. 12.000
B. 15.000
C. 24.000
D. 25.000
Cu 37: Phn t khi trung bnh ca polietilen X l 420000. H s polime ho ca PE l
A. 12.000
B. 13.000
C. 15.000
D. 17.000
Cu 38: Khi lng ca mt on mch t nilon-6,6 l 27346 vC v ca mt on mch t
capron l 17176 vC. S lng mt xch trong on mch nilon-6,6 v capron nu trn ln lt
l
A. 113 v 152.
B. 121 v 114.
C. 121 v 152.
D. 113 v 114.
CHNG 5
I CNG KIM LOI - V TR CA KIM LOI TRONG HTTH

TNH CHT CA KIM LOI DY IN HA CA KIM LOI
I./ Tnh cht vt l:
Kim loi c nhng tnh cht vt l chung :Tnh do - Tnh dn in - Tnh dn nhit - nh kim
Tnh cht vt l chung ca kim loi gy nn bi s c mt ca cc electron t do trong
mng tinh th kim loi.
II./ Tnh cht ha hc:
Tnh cht ha hc chung ca kim loi l tnh kh (d b oxi ha)
M ---> Mn+ + ne (n=1,2 hoc 3e)
1./ Tc dng vi phi kim:
Th d:
2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3
Cu + Cl2 CuCl2
4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3
Fe + S FeS
Hg + S ------> HgS
2./ Tc dng vi dung dch axit:
to
to
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
a./ Vi dung dch axit HCl , H2SO4 long: (tr cc kim loi Cu , Ag , Hg , Au khng c
phn ng) sn phm l mui v kh H2.
Th d: Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
b./ Vi dung dch HNO3 , H2SO4 c: (tr Pt , Au khng phn ng) sn phm l mui +
sn phm kh + nc.
Th d: 3Cu + 8HNO3 (long) 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
Fe + 4HNO3 (long) Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
Cu + 2H2SO4 (c) CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
Ch : HNO3 , H2SO4 c ngui khng phn ng vi cc kim loi Al , Fe, Cr
3./ Tc dng vi nc: cc kim loi Li , K , Ba , Ca , Na phn ng c vi nc nhit
thng to baz v kh H2
Th d: 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2
4./ Tc dng vi dung dch mui: kim loi mnh hn kh ion ca kim loi yu hn trong dung
dch mui thnh kim loi t do.
Th d: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu
iu kin kim loi A y kim loi B ra khi mui : A + Bn+
+ Kim loi A ng trc kim loi B trong dy hot ng ha hc
+Kim loi A khng tan trong nc
+Mui to thnh phi tan
III./ Dy in ha ca kim loi:
1./ Dy in ha ca kim loi:
K+ Na+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Al3+ Zn2+ Fe2+ Ni2+ Sn2+ Pb2+ H Cu2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Ag+ Pt2+ Au3+
to
to
to
K Na
Tnh oxi ha ca ion kim loi tng dn

Ca Mg Al Zn
Fe Ni
Sn Pb
H2 Cu Fe2+ Hg Ag
Pt
Au
Tnh kh ca kim loi gim dn

2./ ngha ca dy in ha:
D on chiu ca phn ng gia 2 cp oxi ha kh xy ra theo chiu: cht oxi ha mnh
hn s oxi ha cht kh mnh hn sinh ra cht oxi ha yu hn v cht kh yu hn.
Th d: phn ng gia 2 cp Fe2+/Fe v Cu2+/Cu l:
Cu2+ +
Fe
Fe2+ +
Cu
Oxh mnh kh mnh oxh yu
kh yu
Fe2+
Cu2+
Fe
Cu
Fe + Cu2+ Fe2+ + Cu
Tong quat: Gia s co 2 cap oxi hoa kh Xx+/X va Yy+/Y (cap Xx+/X ng
trc cap Yy+/Y).
Xx+
Yy+
Phng trnh phn ng : Yy+ + X Xx+ + Y

S N MN KIM LOI
I./ Khi nim:

GV: Hnh Tho-
S n mn kim loi l s ph hy kim loi hoc hp kim do tc dng ca cc cht trong mi

trng xung quanh.
M ----> Mn+ + ne
II./ Cc dng n mn kim loi:
1./ n mn ha hc: l qu trnh oxi ha - kh, trong cc electron ca kim loi c chuyn
trc tip n cc cht trong mi trng.
2./ n mn in ha hc:
a./ Khi nim: n mn in ha l qu trnh oxi ha kh, trong kim loi b n mn do
tc dng ca dung dch cht in li v to nn dng electron chuyn di t cc m n cc
dng.
b./ C ch:
+ Cc m: kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn b oxi ha.
+ Cc dng: kim loi c tnh kh yu hn.
III./ Chng n mn kim loi:
a./ Phng php bo v b mt:
b./ Phng php in ha:
Ni kim loi cn bo v vi mt kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn. Th d: bo v v tu
bin lm bng thp ngi ta gn vo nhng mt ngoi ca v tu (phn chm di nc) nhng
l km (Zn).
IU CH KIM LOI
I./Nguyn tc:
Kh ion kim loi thnh nguyn t.
Mn+ + ne ----> M
II./ Phng php:
1./ Phng php nhit luyn: dng iu ch nhng kim loi (sau Al) nh: Zn , Fe , Sn , Pb ,
Cu , Hg
Dng cc cht kh mnh nh: C , CO , H2 hoc Al kh cc ion kim loi trong oxit nhit
cao.
Th d: PbO + H2 Pb + H2O
Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
2./ phng php thy luyn: dng iu ch nhng kim loi Cu , Ag , Hg
Dng kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn kh ion kim loi trong dung dch mui
Th d: Fe + CuSO4 ---> Cu + FeSO4
3./ Phng php in phn:
a./ in phn nng chy: iu ch nhng kim loi K , Na , Ca , Mg , Al.
in phn nng chy cc hp cht (mui, oxit, baz) ca chng.
2Na + Cl2
Th d: 2NaCl pnc
pnc
MgCl2 Mg + Cl2
4Al + 3O2
2Al2O3 pnc
b./ in phn dung dch: iu ch kim loi ng sau Al.
Cu + Cl2
Th d: CuCl2 pdd
4Ag + O2 + 4HNO3
4AgNO3 + 2H2O pdd
pdd
CuSO4 + 2H2O 2Cu + 2H2SO4 + O2
to
to
c./Tnh lng cht thu c cc in cc

m=
AIt
96500n
GV: Hnh Tho-
m: Khi lng cht thu c cc in cc

A: Khi lng mol nguyn t (hay M)
I: Cng dng in (ampe0
t : Thi gian (giy)
n : s electron m nguyn t hay ion cho hoc nhn
B. BI TP
Cu 1: S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IIA l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 2: S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IA l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 3: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc nhm IA l
A. R2O3.
B. RO2.
C. R2O.
D. RO.
Cu 4: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc nhm IIA l
A. R2O3.
B. RO2.
C. R2O.
D. RO.
Cu 5: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z =11) l
A. 1s22s2 2p6 3s2. B. 1s22s2 2p6.
C. 1s22s22p63s1. D. 1s22s22p6 3s23p1.
Cu 6: Hai kim loi u thuc nhm IIA trong bng tun hon l
A. Sr, K.
B. Na, Ba.
C. Be, Al.
D. Ca, Ba.
Cu 7: Hai kim loi u thuc nhm IA trong bng tun hon l
A. Sr, K.
B. Na, K.
C. Be, Al.
D. Ca, Ba.
Cu 8: Nguyn t Fe c Z = 26, cu hnh e ca Fe l
A. [Ar ] 3d6 4s2.
B. [Ar ] 4s13d7.
C. [Ar ] 3d7 4s1.
D. [Ar ] 4s23d6.
Cu 9: Nguyn t Cu c Z = 29, cu hnh e ca Cu l
A. [Ar ] 3d9 4s2.
B. [Ar ] 4s23d9.
C. [Ar ] 3d10 4s1.
D. [Ar ] 4s13d10.
Cu 10: Nguyn t Cr c Z = 24, cu hnh e ca Cr l
A. [Ar ] 3d4 4s2.
B. [Ar ] 4s23d4.
C. [Ar ] 3d5 4s1.
D. [Ar ] 4s13d5.
Cu 11: Nguyn t Al c Z = 13, cu hnh e ca Al l
A. 1s22s22p63s23p1. B. 1s22s22p63s3. C. 1s22s22p63s23p3. D. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
Cu 12: Cation M+ c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng 2s22p6 l
A. Rb+.
B. Na+.
C. Li+.
D. K+.
TNH CHT CA KIM LOI DY IN HA CA KIM LOI
Cu 13: Kim loi no sau y c tnh dn in tt nht trong tt c cc kim loi?
A. Vng.
B. Bc.
C. ng.
D. Nhm.
Cu 14: Kim loi no sau y do nht trong tt c cc kim loi?
A. Vng.
B. Bc.
C. ng.
D. Nhm.
Cu 15: Kim loi no sau y c cng ln nht trong tt c cc kim loi?
A. Vonfam.
B. Crom
C. St
D. ng
Cu 16: Kim loi no sau y l kim loi mm nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?
A. Liti.
B. Xesi.
C. Natri.
D. Kali.
Cu 17: Kim loi no sau y c nhit nng chy cao nht trong tt c cc kim loi?
A. Vonfam.
B. St.
C. ng.
D. Km.
Cu 18: Kim loi no sau y nh nht ( c khi lng ring nh nht ) trong tt c cc kim loi
?
A. Natri
B. Liti
C. Kali
D. Rubidi
Cu 19: Tnh cht ha hc c trng ca kim loi l
A. tnh baz.
B. tnh oxi ha.
C. tnh axit.
D. tnh kh.
Cu 20: Hai kim loi u phn ng vi dung dch Cu(NO3)2 gii phng kim loi Cu l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. Al v Fe.
B. Fe v Au.
C. Al v Ag.
D. Fe v Ag.
Cu 21: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng l
A. Fe + Cu(NO3)2. B. Cu + AgNO3. C. Zn + Fe(NO3)2.
D. Ag + Cu(NO3)2.
Cu 22: Hai kim loi Al v Cu u phn ng c vi dung dch
A. NaCl long.
B. H2SO4 long. C. HNO3 long. D. NaOH long
Cu 23: Kim loi Cu phn ng c vi dung dch
A. FeSO4.
B. AgNO3.
C. KNO3.
D. HCl.
Cu 24: Dung dch FeSO4 v dung dch CuSO4 u tc dng c vi
A. Ag.
B. Fe.
C. Cu.
D. Zn.
Cu 25: ho tan hon ton hn hp gm hai kim loi Cu v Zn, ta c th dng mt lng d
dung dch
A. HCl.
B. AlCl3.
C. AgNO3.
D. CuSO4.
Cu 26: Hai dung dch u tc dng c vi Fe l
A. CuSO4 v HCl.
B. CuSO4 v ZnCl2. C. HCl v CaCl2. D. MgCl2 v FeCl3.
Cu 27: Cho cc kim loi: Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn; s kim loi tc dng vi dung dch Pb(NO3)2 l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 28: Dung dch mui no sau y tc dng c vi c Ni v Pb?
A. Pb(NO3)2.
B. Cu(NO3)2.
C. Fe(NO3)2.
D. Ni(NO3)2.
Cu 29: Tt c cc kim loi Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag u tc dng c vi dung dch
A. HCl.
B. H2SO4 long. C. HNO3 long. D. KOH.
Cu 30: Cho cc kim loi: Na, Mg, Fe, Al; kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht l
A. Al.
B. Na.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
Cu 31: Cho phn ng: aAl + bHNO3
cAl(NO3)3 + dNO + eH2O.
H s a, b, c, d, e l cc s nguyn, ti gin. Tng (a + b) bng
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 7.
D. 6.
Cu 32: Dy no sau y ch gm cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng
c vi dung dch AgNO3 ?
A. Zn, Cu, Mg
B. Al, Fe, CuO
C. Fe, Ni, Sn
D. Hg, Na, Ca
Cu 33: Cho phn ng ha hc: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu. Trong phn ng trn xy ra
A. s kh Fe2+ v s oxi ha Cu.
B. s kh Fe2+ v s kh Cu2+.
C. s oxi ha Fe v s oxi ha Cu.
D. s oxi ha Fe v s kh Cu2+.
Cu 34: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l
A. Cu + dung dch FeCl3.
B. Fe + dung dch HCl.
C. Fe + dung dch FeCl3.
D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2.
Cu 35: Cho kim loi M tc dng vi Cl 2 c mui X; cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch
HCl c mui Y. Nu cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch mui X ta cng c mui Y.
Kim loi M c th l
A. Mg
B. Al
C. Zn
D. Fe
2+
Cu 36: kh ion Cu trong dung dch CuSO4 c th dng kim loi
A. K
B. Na
C. Ba
D. Fe
3+
2+
Cu 37: kh ion Fe trong dung dch thnh ion Fe c th dng mt lng d
A. Kim loi Mg B. Kim loi Ba
C. Kim loi Cu
D. Kim loi Ag
Cu 38: Th t mt s cp oxi ha - kh trong dy in ha nh sau : Fe 2+/Fe; Cu2+/Cu;
Fe3+/Fe2+. Cp cht khng phn ng vi nhau l
A. Cu v dung dch FeCl3
B. Fe v dung dch CuCl2
GV: Hnh Tho-
C. Fe v dung dch FeCl3

D. dung dch FeCl2 v dung dch CuCl2
Cu 39: X l kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 long, Y l kim loi tc dng c
vi dung dch Fe(NO3)3. Hai kim loi X, Y ln lt l (bit th t trong dy th in ho:
Fe3+/Fe2+ ng trc Ag+/Ag)
A. Fe, Cu.
B. Cu, Fe.
C. Ag, Mg.
D. Mg, Ag.
Cu 40: Dy gm cc kim loi c xp theo th t tnh kh tng dn t tri sang phi l
A. Mg, Fe, Al.
B. Fe, Mg, Al.
C. Fe, Al, Mg.
D. Al, Mg, Fe.
Cu 41: Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi nc nhit thng to ra dung dch c
mi trng kim l:
A. Na, Ba, K.
B. Be, Na, Ca.
C. Na, Fe, K.
D. Na, Cr, K.
2+
Cu 42: Trong dung dch CuSO4, ion Cu khng b kh bi kim loi
A. Fe.
B. Ag.
C. Mg.
D. Zn.
Cu 43: Cho dy cc kim loi: Fe, Na, K, Ca. S kim loi trong dy tc dng c vi nc
nhit thng l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Cu 44: Kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 long l
A. Ag.
B. Au.
C. Cu.
D. Al.
Cu 45: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Cu, Fe, Ag, Zn. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi
dung dch HCl l
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 46: ng (Cu) tc dng c vi dung dch
A. H2SO4 c, nng.
B. H2SO4 long. C. FeSO4.
D. HCl.
Cu 47: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Cu, Fe, Zn. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi dung
dch HCl l
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 48: Cho dy cc kim loi: K, Mg, Na, Al. Kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht trong dy l
A. Na.
B. Mg.
C. Al.
D. K.
S N MN KIM LOI
Cu 49: Mt s ho cht c trn ngn t c khung bng kim loi. Sau 1 thi gian, ngi ta
thy khung kim loi b g. Ho cht no di y c kh nng gy ra hin tng trn?
A. Ancol etylic. B. Dy nhm.
C. Du ho.
D. Axit clohydric.
2+
Cu 50: Bit rng ion Pb trong dung dch oxi ha c Sn. Khi nhng hai thanh kim loi Pb
v Sn c ni vi nhau bng dy dn in vo mt dung dch cht in li th
A. c Pb v Sn u b n mn in ho.
B. c Pb v Sn u khng b n mn in ho.
C. ch c Pb b n mn in ho.
D. ch c Sn b n mn in ho.
Cu 51: Cho cc cp kim loi nguyn cht tip xc trc tip vi nhau : Fe v Pb; Fe v Zn; Fe
v Sn; Fe v Ni. Khi nhng cc cp kim loi trn vo dung dch axit, s cp kim loi trong Fe
b ph hy trc l
A. 4
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Cu 52: Khi lu trong khng kh m mt vt bng st ty (st trng thic) b sy st su ti
lp st bn trong, s xy ra qu trnh:
A. Sn b n mn in ha.
B. Fe b n mn in ha.
C. Fe b n mn ha hc.
D. Sn b n mn ha hc.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 53: bo v v tu bin lm bng thp ngi ta thng gn vo v tu (phn ngm di

nc) nhng tm kim loi
A. Cu.
B. Zn.
C. Sn.
D. Pb.
Cu 54: C 4 dung dch ring bit: a) HCl, b) CuCl2, c) FeCl3, d) HCl c ln CuCl2. Nhng vo
mi dung dch mt thanh Fe nguyn cht. S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 0.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 55: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn-Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi
dung dch cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l:
A. I, II v III.
B. I, II v IV.
C. I, III v IV.
D. II, III v IV.
IU CH KIM LOI
Cu 56: Khi iu ch kim loi, cc ion kim loi ng vai tr l cht
A. b kh.
B. nhn proton. C. b oxi ho.
D. cho proton.
Cu 57: loi b kim loi Cu ra khi hn hp bt gm Ag v Cu, ngi ta ngm hn hp kim
loi trn vo lng d dung dch
A. AgNO3.
B. HNO3.
C. Cu(NO3)2.
D. Fe(NO3)2.
Cu 58: Cht khng kh c st oxit ( nhit cao) l
A. Cu.
B. Al.
C. CO.
D. H2.
Cu 59: Hai kim loi c th iu ch bng phng php nhit luyn l
A. Ca v Fe.
B. Mg v Zn.
C. Na v Cu.
D. Fe v Cu.
Cu 60: Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Ca t CaCl2 l
A. nhit phn CaCl2.
B. in phn CaCl2 nng chy.
2+
C. dng Na kh Ca trong dung dch CaCl2.
D. in phn dung dch CaCl2.
Cu 61: Oxit d b H2 kh nhit cao to thnh kim loi l
A. Na2O.
B. CaO.
C. CuO.
D. K2O.
Cu 62: Phng trnh ho hc no sau y th hin cch iu ch Cu theo phng php thu
luyn ?
A. Zn + CuSO4 Cu + ZnSO4
B. H2 + CuO Cu + H2O
C. CuCl2 Cu + Cl2
D. 2CuSO4 + 2H2O 2Cu + 2H2SO4 + O2
Cu 63: Phng trnh ha hc no sau y biu din cch iu ch Ag t AgNO 3 theo phng
php thu luyn ?
A. 2AgNO3 + Zn 2Ag + Zn(NO3)2
B. 2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2
C. 4AgNO3 + 2H2O 4Ag + 4HNO3 + O2 D. Ag2O + CO 2Ag + CO2.
Cu 64: Trong phng php thu luyn, iu ch Cu t dung dch CuSO 4 c th dng kim
loi no lm cht kh?
A. K.
B. Ca.
C. Zn.
D. Ag.
Cu 65: Cho kh CO d i qua hn hp gm CuO, Al 2O3, MgO (nung nng). Khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton thu c cht rn gm
A. Cu, Al, Mg.
B. Cu, Al, MgO.
C. Cu, Al2O3, Mg.
D. Cu, Al2O3, MgO.
Cu 66: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit
cao. Sau phn ng hn hp rn cn li l:
A. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO.
B. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg.
C. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO.
D. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO.
Cu 67: Hai kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l
A. Al v Mg.
B. Na v Fe.
C. Cu v Ag.
D. Mg v Zn.
GV: Hnh Tho-

Cu 69: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch
mui ca chng l:
A. Ba, Ag, Au.
B. Fe, Cu, Ag.
C. Al, Fe, Cr.
D. Mg, Zn, Cu.
A. Al v Mg.
B. Na v Fe.
C. Cu v Ag.
D. Mg v Zn.
Cu 71: Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (in cc tr), ti catt xy ra
A. s kh ion Cl-. B. s oxi ho ion Cl-. C. s oxi ho ion Na+. D. s kh ion Na+.
Cu 72: Oxit d b H2 kh nhit cao to thnh kim loi l
A. Na2O.
B. CaO.
C. CuO.
D. K2O.
Cu 73: Trong cng nghip, kim loi c iu ch bng phng php in phn hp cht nng
chy ca kim loi l
A. Na.
B. Ag.
C. Fe.
D. Cu.
Cu 74: Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Mg t MgCl2 l
A. in phn dung dch MgCl2.
B. in phn MgCl2 nng chy.
C. nhit phn MgCl2.
D. dng K kh Mg2+ trong dung dch MgCl2.
KIM LOI KIM V HP CHT
A./ Kim loi kim:
I./ V tr trong bng tun hon, cu hnh electron:
Kim loi kim gm: Liti (Li) , Natri (Na) , Kali (K) , Rubii (Rb) , Xesi (Cs) , Franxi (Fr).
Thuc nhm IA
Cu hnh electron: ns1
Li (Z=3) 1s22s1 hay [He]2s1
Na (Z=11) 1s22s22p63s1 hay [Ne]3s1
K (Z=19) 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 hay [Ar]4s1
u c 1e lp ngoi cng
II./ Tnh cht vt l :
+ ton/c, tosi, thp (gim t Li n Cs)
+ Khi lng ring nh (tng t Li n Cs, do bn knh nguyn t tng, cu trc km c kht)
+ cng thp (do lc lin kt nguyn t yu)
III./ Tnh cht ha hc:
C tnh kh mnh: M ---> M+ + e
Th d: 4Na + O2 ---> 2Na2O
2Na + Cl2 ---> 2NaCl
2./ Tc dng vi axit (HCl , H2SO4 long): to mui v H2
Th d: 2Na + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + H2
3./ Tc dng vi nc: to dung dch kim v H2
Th d: 2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2
IV./ iu ch:
1./ Nguyn tc: kh ion kim loi kim thnh nguyn t.
2./ Phng php: in phn nng chy mui halogen hoc hidroxit ca chng.
Th d: iu ch Na bng cch in phn nng chy NaCl v NaOH
2Na + Cl2
PTP: 2NaCl pnc
4Na + 2H2O + O2
4NaOH pnc
B./ Mt s hp cht quan trng ca kim loi kim:
GV: Hnh Tho-
I./ Natri hidroxit NaOH

+ Tc dng vi axit: to v nc
Th d: NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H2O
+ Tc dng vi oxit axit:
CO2 +2 NaOH ---> Na2CO3 + H2O (1)
CO2 + NaOH ---> NaHCO3 (2)
n
NaOH
Lp t l : f = n
CO
1 : NaHCO3
2
1 f :2
NaHCO3 & Na2CO3
* 2 f : Na2CO3
* NaOH (d) + CO2 Na2CO3 + H2O
* NaOH + CO2 (d) NaHCO3
Th d: 2NaOH + CO2 ---> Na2CO3 + H2O
+ Tc dng vi dung dch mui:
Th d: 2NaOH + CuSO4 ---> Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
II./ Natri hidrocacbonat NaHCO3
1./ phn ng phn hy:
Th d: 2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
2./ Tnh lng tnh:
+ Tc dng vi axit:
NaHCO3 + HCl ---> NaCl + CO2 + H2O
+ Tc dng vi dung dch baz:
NaHCO3 + NaOH ---> Na2CO3 + H2O
III./ Natri cacbonat Na2CO3
+ Tc dng vi dung dch axit mnh:
Th d: Na2CO3 + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
Mui cacbonat ca kim loi kim trong nc cho mi trng kim
IV./ Kali nitrat: KNO3
Tnh cht: c phn ng nhit phn
Th d: 2KNO3 ---> 2KNO2 + O2
B. BI TP
Cu 1: S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IA l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 2: Nu M l nguyn t nhm IA th oxit ca n c cng thc l :
A. MO2
B. M2O3
C. MO
D. M2O
Cu 3: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z =11) l
A. 1s22s2 2p6 3s2. B. 1s22s2 2p6.
C. 1s22s2 2p6 3s1. D. 1s22s2 2p6 3s23p1.
Cu 4: Cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH to kt ta l
A. KNO3.
B. FeCl3.
C. BaCl2.
D. K2SO4.
Cu 5: Dung dch lm qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh l
A. NaCl.
B. Na2SO4.
C. NaOH.
D. NaNO3.
Cu 6: Sn phm to thnh c cht kt ta khi dung dch Na2CO3 tc dng vi dung dch
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. KCl.
B. KOH.
C. NaNO3.
D. CaCl2.
Cu 7: Khi nhit phn hon ton NaHCO3 th sn phm ca phn ng nhit phn l
A. NaOH, CO2, H2.
B. Na2O, CO2, H2O.
C. Na2CO3, CO2, H2O.
D. NaOH, CO2, H2O.
Cu 8: bo qun natri, ngi ta phi ngm natri trong
A. nc.
B. ru etylic.
C. du ha.
D. phenol lng.
Cu 9: Mt mui khi tan vo nc to thnh dung dch c mi trng kim, mui l
A. Na2CO3.
B. MgCl2.
C. KHSO4.
D. NaCl.
Cu 10: C th dng NaOH ( th rn) lm kh cc cht kh
A. NH3, O2, N2, CH4, H2
B. N2, Cl2, O2, CO2, H2
C. NH3, SO2, CO, Cl2
D. N2, NO2, CO2, CH4, H2
Cu 11: Trong cng nghip, natri hiroxit c sn xut bng phng php
A. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc.
B. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc
C. in phn dung dch NaNO3 , khng c mn ngn in cc
D. in phn NaCl nng chy
Cu 12: Cho dy cc cht: FeCl2, CuSO4, BaCl2, KNO3. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi
dung dch NaOH l
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 13: Phn ng nhit phn khng ng l
A. 2KNO3 2KNO2 + O2.
B. NaHCO3 NaOH + CO2.
C. NH4Cl NH3 + HCl.
D. NH4NO2 N2 + 2H2O.
+
Cu 14: Qu trnh no sau y, ion Na khng b kh thnh Na?
A. in phn NaCl nng chy.
B. in phn dung dch NaCl trong nc
C. in phn NaOH nng chy.
D. in phn Na2O nng chy
+
Cu 15: Qu trnh no sau y, ion Na b kh thnh Na?
A. Dung dch NaOH tc dng vi dung dch HCl.
B. in phn NaCl nng chy.
C. Dung dch Na2CO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl.
D. Dung dch NaCl tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3.
Cu 16: Trong qu trnh in phn dung dch NaCl, cc m xy ra:
A. s kh ion Na+.
B. S oxi ho ion Na+.
C. S kh phn t nc.
D. S oxi ho phn t nc
Cu 17: Trong qu trnh in phn dung dch KBr, phn ng no sau y xy ra cc dng?
A. Ion Br b oxi ho.
B. ion Br b kh.
C. Ion K+ b oxi ho.
D. Ion K+ b kh.
Cu 18: Nhng c im no sau y khng l chung cho cc kim loi kim?
A. s oxiho ca nguyn t trong hp cht. B. s lp electron.
C. s electron ngoi cng ca nguyn t.
D. cu to n cht kim loi.
Cu 19: in phn NaCl nng chy vi in cc tr, catt thu c
A. Na.
B. NaOH.
C. Cl2.
D. HCl.
Cu 20: Trng hp khng xy ra phn ng vi NaHCO3 khi :
A. tc dng vi kim.
B. tc dng vi CO2.
C. un nng. D. tc dng vi axit.
Na2CO3 + H2O. X l hp cht
Cu 21: Cho s phn ng: NaHCO3 + X
A. KOH
B. NaOH
C. K2CO3
D. HCl
t0
t0
t0
t0
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 22: Cho 0,02 mol Na2CO3 tc dng vi lng d dung dch HCl th th tch kh CO2 thot
ra ( ktc) l
A. 0,672 lt.
B. 0,224 lt.
C. 0,336 lt.
D. 0,448 lt.
Cu 23: Trung ho V ml dung dch NaOH 1M bng 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 400.
B. 200.
C. 100.
D. 300.
Cu 24: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo dung dch cha 8 gam NaOH, thu
c dung dch X. Khi lng mui tan c trong dung dch X l (Cho C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. 10,6 gam.
B. 5,3 gam.
C. 21,2 gam.
D. 15,9 gam.
Cu 25: in phn mui clorua kim loi kim nng chy thu c 1,792 lt kh (ktc) anot v
6,24 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc ho hc ca mui em in phn l
A. LiCl.
B. NaCl.
C. KCl.
,D. RbCl.
Cu 26: Cho 0,69 gam mt kim loi kim tc dng vi nc (d) thu c 0,336 lt kh hiro (
ktc). Kim loi kim l (Cho Li = 7, Na = 23, K = 39, Rb = 85)
A. Rb.
B. Li.
C. Na.
D. K.
Cu 27: tc dng ht vi dung dch cha 0,01 mol KCl v 0,02 mol NaCl th th tch dung
dch AgNO3 1M cn dng l
A. 40 ml.
B. 20 ml.
C. 10 ml.
D. 30 ml.
Cu 28: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh SO2 ( ktc) vo dung dch cha 16 gam NaOH thu
c dung dch X. Khi lng mui tan thu c trong dung dch X l (Cho H = 1, O = 16, Na
= 23, S = 32)
A. 20,8 gam.
B. 23,0 gam.
C. 25,2 gam.
D. 18,9 gam.
Cu 29: Cho 6,08 gam hn hp NaOH v KOH tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl to ra 8,30 gam
hn hp mui clorua. S gam mi hidroxit trong hn hp ln lt l:
A. 2,4 gam v 3,68 gam.
B. 1,6 gam v 4,48 gam.
C. 3,2 gam v 2,88 gam.
D. 0,8 gam v 5,28 gam.
Cu 30: Cho 100 gam CaCO3 tc dng vi axit HCl d. Kh thot ra hp th bng 200 gam
dung dch NaOH 30%. Lng mui Natri trong dung dch thu c l
A. 10,6 gam Na2CO3
B. 53 gam Na2CO3 v 42 gam NaHCO3
C. 16,8 gam NaHCO3
D. 79,5 gam Na2CO3 v 21 gam NaHCO3
Cu 31: Cho 6 lt hn hp CO2 v N2 (ktc) i qua dung dch KOH to ra 2,07 gam K2CO3 v 6
gam KHCO3. Thnh phn % th tch ca CO2 trong hn hp l
A. 42%.
B. 56%.
C. 28%.
D. 50%.
Cu 32: Thm t t tng git dung dch cha 0,07 mol HCl vo dung dch cha 0,06 mol
Na2CO3. Th tch kh CO2 (ktc) thu c bng:
A. 0,784 lt.
B. 0,560 lt.
C. 0,224 lt.
D. 1,344 lt.
Cu 33: Cho hn hp cc kim loi kim Na, K ha tan ht vo nc c dung dch A v 0,672
lt kh H2 (ktc). Th tch dung dch HCl 0,1M cn trung ha ht mt phn ba dung dch A l
A. 100 ml.
B. 200 ml.
C. 300 ml.
D. 600 ml.
Cu 34: Thm t t n ht dung dch cha 0,02 mol K 2CO3 vo dung dch cha 0,03 mol HCl.
Lng kh CO2 thu c (ktc) bng :
A. 0,448 lt
B. 0,224 lt.
C. 0,336 lt.
D. 0,112 lt.
Cu 35: Dn kh CO2 iu ch c bng cch cho 10 gam CaCO 3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl
d i vo dung dch c cha 8 gam NaOH. Khi lng mui Natri iu ch c (cho Ca = 40,
C=12, O =16)
A. 5,3 gam.
B. 9,5 gam.
C. 10,6 gam.
D. 8,4 gam.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 36: Cho 1,15 gam mt kim loi kim X tan ht vo nc. trung ho dung dch thu c
cn 50 gam dung dch HCl 3,65%. X l kim loi no sau y?
A. K.
B. Na.
C. Cs.
D. Li.
Cu 37: Nng phn trm ca dung dch thu c khi cho 3,9 gam Kali tc dng vi 108,2
gam H2O l
A. 5,00%
B. 6,00%
C. 4,99%.
D. 4,00%
Cu 38: Ho tan m gam Na kim loi vo nc thu c dung dch X. Trung ho dung dch X
cn 100ml dung dch H2SO4 1M. Gi tr m dng l
A. 6,9 gam.
B. 4,6 gam.
C. 9,2 gam.
D. 2,3 gam.
Cu 39: Cho 5,6 lit CO2 (ktc) hp th hon ton vo 1 lit dung dch NaOH 0,6M, s mol cc
cht trong dung dch sau phn ng l
A. 0,25 mol Na2CO3; 0,1 mol NaHCO3.
B. 0,25 mol Na2CO3; 0,1 mol NaOH.
C. 0,5 mol Na2CO3; 0,1 mol NaOH.
D. 0,5 mol Na2CO3; 0,5 mol NaHCO3.
Cu 40: Nung 13,4 gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi ha tr 2, thu c 6,8 gam
cht rn v kh X. Lng kh X sinh ra cho hp th vo 75 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, khi lng
mui khan thu c sau phn ng l
A. 5,8 gam.
B. 6,5 gam.
C. 4,2 gam.
D. 6,3 gam.
Cu 41. Kim loi kim c nhit nng chy thp v mm l do yu t no sau y?
A. Khi lng ring nh
B. Th tch nguyn t ln v khi lng nguyn t nh
C. in tch ca ion nh (+1), mt electron thp, lin kt kim loi km bn
D. Tnh kh mnh hn cc kim loi khc
Cu 42. bo qun cc kim loi kim cn phi lm g?
A. Ngm chng vo nc
B. Gi chng trong l c np y kn
C. Ngm chng trong ru nguyn cht
D. Ngm chng trong du ho
Cu 43. Hin tng no xy ra khi cho Na kim loi vo dung dch CuSO4?
A. Si bt khng mu v c kt ta mu xanh
B. B mt kim loi c mu , dung dch nht mu
C. Si bt kh khng mu v c kt ta mu
D. B mt kim loi c mu v c kt ta mu xanh
Cu 44. Nu M l nguyn t nhm IA th hioxit ca n c cng thc l :
A. MOH
B. M(OH)2
C. M(OH)3
D. M2O
KIM LOI KIM TH V HP CHT
A./ Kim loi kim th
I./ V tr cu hnh electron:
Thuc nhm IIA gm cc nguyn t sau: beri (Be) , magie (Mg) , canxi (Ca) , stronti (Sr) , bari
(Ba).
Cu hnh electron:
Be (Z=4) 1s22s2 hay [He]2s2
Mg (Z=12) 1s22s22p63s2 hay [Ne]3s2
Ca (Z= 20) 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 hay [Ar]4s2
u c 2e lp ngoi cng
II./ Tnh cht vt l :
+ ton/c, tosi, tng i thp (tr Ba)
+ Khi lng ring nh, nh hn nhm
+ cng cao hn kim loi kim nhng thp hn nhm
GV: Hnh Tho-
(ton/c, tosi, khi lng ring bin i khng theo quy lut nh kim loi kim vi kiu mng tinh th
khng ging nhau)
C tnh kh mnh (nhng yu hn kim loi kim)
M ---> M2+ + 2e
Th d: Ca + Cl2 ---> CaCl2
2Mg + O2 ---> 2MgO
2./ Tc dng vi dung dch axit:
a./ Vi axit HCl , H2SO4 long: to mui v gii phng H2
Th d: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2
b./ Vi axit HNO3 , H2SO4 c: to mui + sn phm kh + H2O
Th d: 4Mg + 10HNO3 ( long) ---> 4Mg(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O
4Mg + 5H2SO4 (c) ---> 4MgSO4 + H2S + 4H2O
3./ Tc dng vi nc: nhit thng: Ca , Sr , Ba phn ng to baz v H2.
Th d: Ca + 2H2O ---> Ca(OH)2 + H2
4./ iu ch: in phn mui clorua nng chy
pnc
RCl2 ---> R + Cl2

B./ Mt s hp cht quan trng ca canxi:
I./ Canxi hidroxit Ca(OH)2:
+ Tc dng vi axit:
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl ---> CaCl2 + 2H2O
+ Tc dng vi oxit axit: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ---> CaCO3 + H2O (nhn bit kh CO2)
+ Tc dng vi dung dch mui:
Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3 ---> CaCO3 + 2NaOH
II./ Canxi cacbonat CaCO3:
+ Phn ng phn hy:
CaCO3 CaO + CO2
+ Phn ng vi axit mnh:
CaCO3 + 2HCl ---> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
+ Phn ng vi nc c CO2:
CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 ---> Ca(HCO3)2
III./ Canxi sunfat:
Thch cao sng: CaSO4.2H2O
Thch cao nung: CaSO4.H2O
Thch cao khan: CaSO4
C./ Nc cng:
1./ Khi nim: nc c cha nhiu ion Ca2+ v Mg2+ c gi l nc cng.
Phn loi:
a./ Tnh cng tm thi: gy nn bi cc mui Ca(HCO3)2 v Mg(HCO3)2
b./ Tnh cng vnh cu: gy nn bi cc mui CaSO4 , MgSO4 , CaCl2 , MgCl2
c./ Tnh cng ton phn: gm c tnh cng tm thi v vnh cu.
2./ Cch lm mm nc cng:
Nguyn tc: l lm gim nng cc ion Ca2+ , Mg2+ trong nc cng.
a./ phng php kt ta:
* i vi nc c tnh cng tm thi:
+ un si , lc b kt ta.
Th d:
Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
+ Dng Ca(OH)2 , lc b kt ta:
Th d:
Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 ---> 2CaCO3 + 2H2O
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
+ Dng Na2CO3 ( hoc Na3PO4):

Th d: Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 ---> CaCO3 + 2NaHCO3
* i vi nc c tnh cng vnh cu v ton phn: dng Na2CO3 (hoc Na3PO4)
Th d: CaSO4 + Na2CO3 ---> CaCO3 + Na2SO4
b./ Phng php trao i ion:
3./ Nhn bit ion Ca2+ , Mg2+ trong dung dch:
Thuc th: dung dch cha CO32- (nh Na2CO3 )
B. BAI TAP
Cu 1: S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IIA l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 2: Trong bng tun hon, Mg l kim loi thuc nhm
A. IIA.
B. IVA.
C. IIIA.
D. IA.
Cu 3: Khi un nng dung dch canxi hirocacbonat th c kt ta xut hin. Tng cc h s t
lng trong phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
Cu 4: Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi nc nhit thng to ra dung dch c mi
trng kim l
A. Be, Na, Ca.
B. Na, Ba, K.
C. Na, Fe, K.
D. Na, Cr, K.
Cu 5: phn bit hai dung dch KNO3 v Zn(NO3)2 ng trong hai l ring bit, ta c th
dng dung dch
A. HCl.
B. NaOH.
C. NaCl.
D. MgCl2.
Cu 6: Kim loi khng phn ng vi nc nhit thng l
A. Fe.
B. Na.
C. Ba.
D. K.
Cu 7: Hai kim loi u thuc nhm IIA trong bng tun hon l
A. Sr, K.
B. Na, Ba.
C. Be, Al.
D. Ca, Ba.
Cu 8: Cht c th dng lm mm nc cng tm thi l
A. NaCl.
B. NaHSO4.
C. Ca(OH)2.
D. HCl.
Cu 9: Kim loi khng phn ng vi nc nhit thng l
A. Na.
B. Ba.
C. Be.
D. Ca.
Cu 10: Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Ca t CaCl2 l
A. nhit phn CaCl2.
B. dng Na kh Ca2+ trong dung dch CaCl2.
C. in phn dung dch CaCl2.
D. in phn CaCl2 nng chy.
Cu 11: Cht phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 to ra kt ta l
A. NaOH.
B. Na2CO3.
C. BaCl2.
D. NaCl.
Cu 12: Nc cng l nc c cha nhiu cc ion
A. Cu2+, Fe3+.
B. Al3+, Fe3+.
C. Na+, K+.
D. Ca2+, Mg2+.
Cu 13: Hai cht c dng lm mm nc cng vnh cu l
A. Na2CO3 v HCl.
B. Na2CO3 v Na3PO4.
C. Na2CO3 v Ca(OH)2.
D. NaCl v Ca(OH)2.
Cu 14: Nc cng khng gy ra tc hi no di y?
A. Gy ng c nc ung.
B. Lm mt tnh ty ra ca x phng, lm h hi qun o.
C. Lm hng cc dung dch pha ch. Lm thc phm lu chn v gim mi v thc phm.
D. Gy hao tn nhin liu v khng an ton cho cc ni hi, lm tc cc ng ng dn nc.
Cu 15: Cho cc hiroxit: NaOH, Mg(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3. Hiroxit c tnh baz mnh
nht l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. NaOH.
B. Mg(OH)2.
C. Fe(OH)3.
D. Al(OH)3.
A. Na2O v H2O.
B. dung dch NaNO3 v dung dch MgCl2.
C. dung dch AgNO3 v dung dch KCl.
D. dung dch NaOH v Al2O3.
Cu 17: Khi cho dung dch Ca(OH)2 vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 thy c
A. bt kh v kt ta trng.
B. bt kh bay ra.
C. kt ta trng xut hin.
D. kt ta trng sau kt ta tan dn.
Cu 18: Khi dn t t kh CO2 n d vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 thy c
A. bt kh v kt ta trng.
B. bt kh bay ra.
C. kt ta trng xut hin.
D. kt ta trng, sau kt ta tan dn.
Cu 19: Cho dy cc kim loi: Fe, Na, K, Ca. S kim loi trong dy tc dng c vi nc
nhit thng l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 20: Sn phm to thnh c cht kt ta khi dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 tc dng vi dung dch
A. HNO3.
B. HCl.
C. Na2CO3.
D. KNO3.
Cu 21: Cho 10 gam mt kim loi kim th tc dng ht vi nc thot ra 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Tn
ca kim loi kim th l
A. Ba.
B. Mg.
C. Ca.
D. Sr.
Cu 22: Cho 10 lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm CO2 v 68,64% CO v th tch i qua 100 gam dung
dch Ca(OH)2 7,4% thy tch ra m gam kt ta. Tr s ca m bng
A. 10 gam.
B. 8 gam.
C. 6 gam.
D. 12 gam.
Cu 23: Cho 10 ml dung dch mui Canxi tc dng vi dung dch Na2CO3 d tch ra mt kt
ta, lc v em nung kt tu n lng khng i cn li 0,28 gam cht rn. Khi lng ion
Ca2+ trong 1 lt dung dch u l
A. 10 gam
B. 20 gam.
C. 30 gam.
D. 40 gam.
Cu 24: Ho tan 8,2 gam hn hp bt CaCO3 v MgCO3 trong nc cn 2,016 lt kh CO2
(ktc). S gam mi mui ban u l
A. 2,0 gam v 6,2 gam
B. 6,1 gam v 2,1 gam
C. 4,0 gam v 4,2 gam
D. 1,48 gam v 6,72 gam
Cu 29: Thi V lt (ktc) kh CO2 vo 300 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M th thu c 0,2 gam
kt ta. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 44,8 ml hoc 89,6 ml
B. 224 ml
C. 44,8 ml hoc 224 ml
D. 44,8 ml
Cu 25: Dn 17,6 gam CO2 vo 500 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,6M. Phn ng kt thc thu c
bao nhiu gam kt ta?
A. 20 gam.
B. 30 gam.
C. 40 gam.
D. 25 gam.
Cu 26: Dn V lit CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 thu c 25 gam kt ta v dung dch X,
un nng dung dch li thu thm c 5 gam kt ta na. Gi tr ca V l
A. 7,84 lit
B. 11,2 lit
C. 6,72 lit
D. 5,6 lit
Cu 27: Khi trn ln dung dch cha 0,15 mol NaHCO 3 vi dung dch cha 0,10 mol Ba(OH)2,
sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta trng. Gi tr m l (Cho C = 12, O = 16, Na = , Ba = 137)
A. 39,40 gam.
B. 19,70 gam.
C. 39,40 gam.
D. 29,55 gam.
Cu 28: Ho tan hon ton 8,4 gam mui cacbonat ca kim loi M (MCO3) bng dung dch
H2SO4 long va , thu c mt cht kh v dung dch G1. C cn G1, c 12,0 gam mui
sunfat trung ho, khan. Cng thc ho hc ca mui cacbonat l (Cho C = 12, O = 16, Mg = 24,
Ca = 40, Fe = 56, Ba = 137)
A. CaCO3.
B. MgCO3.
C. BaCO3.
D. FeCO3.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 29: Ho tan ht 5,00 gam hn hp gm mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi kim v mt mui
cacbonat ca kim loi kim th bng dung dch HCl thu c 1,68 lt CO 2(kc). C cn dung
dch sau phn ng s thu c mt hn hp mui khan nng
A. 7,800 gam.
B. 5,825 gam.
C. 11,100 gam.
D. 8,900 gam.
Cu 30: Cho mt mu hp kim Na-Ba tc dng vi nc (d) thu c dung dch X v 3,36 lt
H2 ( ktc). Th tch dung dch axit H2SO4 2M cn dng trung ha dung dch X l
A. 150 ml
B. 60 ml
C. 75 ml
D. 30 ml
Cu 31: Hp th hon ton 2,688 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 2,5 lt dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng a
mol/l, thu c 15,76 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a l (cho C = 12, O = 16, Ba = 137)
A. 0,032.
B. 0,04.
C. 0,048.
D. 0,06.
NHM V HP CHT CA NHM
A./ Nhm:
Nhm IIIA , chu k 3 , th 13.
Cu hnh electron: Al (Z=13): 1s22s22p63s23p1 hay [Ne]3s23p1 Al3+: 1s22s22p6
II./ Tnh cht vt l:
+ Mu trng bc, nng chy 660oc
+ Nh bng 1/3 Cu, do, d dt mng.
+ dn in bng 2/3 Cu, dn nhit gp 3 ln Fe
III./ Tnh cht ha hc: C tnh kh mnh (yu hn kim loi kim, kim th)
Al --> Al3+ + 3e
Th d: 2Al + 3Cl2 ---> 2AlCl3
4Al + 3O2 ---> 2Al2O3
2./ Tc dng vi axit:
a./ Vi axit HCl , H2SO4 long:
Th d: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b./ Vi axit HNO3 , H2SO4 c:
Th d: Al + 4HNO3 (long) ---> Al(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
2Al + 6H2SO4 (c) Al2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
Ch : Al khng tc dng vi HNO3 c ngui v H2SO4 c ngui
3./ Tc dng vi oxit kim loi:
Th d: 2Al + Fe2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe
4./ Tc dng vi nc:
Nhm khng tc dng vi nc d nhit cao v trn b mt ca Al ph kin mt lp
Al2O3 rt mng, bn v mn khng cho nc v kh thm qua.
5./ Tc dng vi dung dch kim:
Th d: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O ---> 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
IV./ Sn xut nhm:
1./ nguyn liu: qung boxit (Al2O3.2H2O)
2./ Phng php: in phn nhm oxit nng chy
4Al + 3O2
Th d: 2Al2O3 pnc
B./ Mt s hp cht ca nhm
I./ Nhm oxit A2O3: Al2O3 l oxit lng tnh
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
Tc dng vi axit:
Al2O3 + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
Tc dng vi dung dch kim: Al2O3 + 2NaOH ---> 2NaAlO2 + H2O
II./ Nhm hidroxit Al(OH)3: Al(OH)3 l hidroxit lng tnh.
Tc dng vi axit:
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl ---> AlCl3 + 3H2O
Tc dng vi dung dch kim: Al(OH)3 + NaOH ---> NaAlO2 + 2H2O
Al(OH)3 km bn vi nhit:
Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + H2O
Mui NaAlO2 c th tc dng vi axit to kt ta nhm hiroxit
NaAlO2 + CO2 + H2O ---> Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3
iu ch Al(OH)3:
AlCl3 + 3NH3 + 3H2O ---> Al(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl
Hay: AlCl3 + 3NaOH ---> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
- Mt s hp kim quan trng ca nhm: uyara, silumin, almelec, electron.
III./ Nhm sunfat:
Quan trng l phn chua, cng thc: K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O hay KAl(SO4)2.12H2O
IV./ Cch nhn bit ion Al3+ trong dung dch:
+ Thuc th: dung dch NaOH d
+ Hin tng: kt ta keo trng xut hin sau tan trong NaOH d
B. BAI TAP
Cu 1: S electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Al l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 2: Al2O3 phn ng c vi c hai dung dch:
A. Na2SO4, KOH. B. NaOH, HCl.
C. KCl, NaNO3. D. NaCl, H2SO4.
Cu 3: M t no di y khng ph hp vi nhm?
A. th 13, chu k 2, nhm IIIA.
B. Cu hnh electron [Ne] 3s2 3p1.
C. Tinh th cu to lp phng tm din.
D. Mc oxi ha c trng +3.
Cu 4: Kim loi Al khng phn ng vi dung dch
A. NaOH long. B. H2SO4 c, ngui.
C. H2SO4 c, nng.
D. H2SO4 long.
Cu 5: nhit thng, kim loi Al tc dng c vi dung dch
A. Mg(NO3)2.
B. Ca(NO3)2.
C. KNO3.
D. Cu(NO3)2.
Cu 6: Cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. Mg(OH)2.
B. Ca(OH)2.
C. KOH.
D. Al(OH)3.
Cu 7: phn bit dung dch AlCl3 v dung dch KCl ta dng dung dch
A. NaOH.
B. HCl.
C. NaNO3.
D. H2SO4.
Cu 8: Nguyn liu chnh dng sn xut nhm l
A. qung pirit.
B. qung boxit.
C. qung manhetit.
D. qung lmit.
Cu 9: Ch dng dung dch KOH phn bit c cc cht ring bit trong nhm no sau y?
A. Zn, Al2O3, Al. B. Mg, K, Na.
C. Mg, Al2O3, Al. D. Fe, Al2O3, Mg.
Cu 10: Kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. Ag.
B. Cu.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
Cu 11: Cht c tnh cht lng tnh l
A. NaCl.
B. Al(OH)3.
C. AlCl3.
D. NaOH.
Cu 12: Cho phn ng: aAl + bHNO3
cAl(NO3)3 + dNO + eH2O.
H s a, b, c, d, e l cc s nguyn, ti gin. Tng (a + b) bng
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 7.
D. 6.
Cu 13: Kim loi Al khng phn ng vi dung dch
A. H2SO4 c, ngui. B. Cu(NO3)2.
C. HCl.
D. NaOH.
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 14: Cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l

A. Al2O3.
B. MgO.
C. KOH.
D. CuO.
Cu 15: Cht khng c tnh cht lng tnh l
A. NaHCO3.
B. AlCl3.
C. Al(OH)3.
D. Al2O3.
Cu 16: Phn ng ha hc xy ra trong trng hp no di y khng thuc loi phn ng
nhit nhm?
A. Al tc dng vi Fe2O3 nung nng
B. Al tc dng vi CuO nung nng.
C. Al tc dng vi Fe3O4 nung nng
D. Al tc dng vi axit H2SO4 c nng
Cu 17: Al2O3 phn ng c vi c hai dung dch:
A. KCl, NaNO3. B. Na2SO4, KOH. C. NaCl, H2SO4. D. NaOH, HCl.
Cu 18: Nh t t cho n d dung dch NaOH vo dung dch AlCl3. Hin tng xy ra l
A. c kt ta keo trng v c kh bay ln.
B. c kt ta keo trng, sau kt ta tan.
C. ch c kt ta keo trng.
D. khng c kt ta, c kh bay ln.
Cu 19: Sc kh CO2 n d vo dung dch NaAlO2. Hin tng xy ra l
A. c kt ta nu .
B. c kt ta keo trng, sau kt ta li tan.
C. c kt ta keo trng.
D. dung dch vn trong sut.
Cu 20: Nhm hidroxit thu c t cch no sau y?
A. Cho d dung dch HCl vo dung dch natri aluminat.
B. Thi kh CO2 vo dung dch natri aluminat.
C. Cho d dung dch NaOH vo dung dch AlCl3.
D. Cho Al2O3 tc dng vi nc
Cu 21: Cc dung dch MgCl2 v AlCl3 u khng mu. phn bit 2 dung dch ny c th
dng dung dch ca cht no sau y?
A. NaOH.
B. HNO3.
C. HCl.
D. NaCl.
Cu 22: Cho 2,7 gam Al tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH d. Sau khi phn ng kt
thc, th tch kh H2 ( ktc) thot ra l (Cho Al = 27)
A. 3,36 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
Cu 23: Cho bt nhm tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) thu c 6,72 lt kh H2 ( ktc).
Khi lng bt nhm phn ng l (Cho Al = 27)
A. 2,7 gam.
B. 10,4 gam.
C. 5,4 gam.
D. 16,2 gam.
Cu 24: Cho 5,4 gam bt nhm tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton thu c V lt kh hiro ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l (Cho H = 1, Al = 27)
A. 0,336 lt.
B. 0,672 lt.
C. 0,448 lt.
D. 0,224 lt.
Cu 25: Ho tan m gam Al vo dung dch HNO3 rt long ch thu c hn hp kh gm 0,015
mol N2O v 0,01 mol NO. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,1 gam.
B. 1,53 gam.
C. 1,35 gam.
D. 13,5 gam.
Cu 26: kh hon ton m gam hn hp CuO v PbO cn 8,1 gam kim loi nhm, sau phn
ng thu c 50,2 gam hn hp 2 kim loi. Gi tr ca m l
A. 54,4 gam.
B. 53,4 gam.
C. 56,4 gam.
D. 57,4 gam.
Cu 27: Ha tan ht m gam hn hp Al v Fe trong lng d dung dch H2SO4 long thot ra
0,4 mol kh, cn
trong lng d dung dch NaOH th thu c 0,3 mol kh. Gi tr m dng l
A. 11,00 gam.
B. 12,28 gam.
C. 13,70 gam.
D. 19,50 gam.
Cu 28: Cho m gam hn hp bt Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thot ra 6,72 lt kh
(ktc). Nu cho m gam hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thot ra 8,96 lt kh
(ktc). Khi lng ca Al v Fe trong hn hp u l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. 10,8 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe.

B. 5,4 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe.
C. 5,4 gam Al v 8,4 gam Fe.
D. 5,4 gam Al v 2,8 gam Fe.
Cu 29: 31,2 gam hn hp bt Al v Al2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thot ra 13,44 lt
kh (ktc). Khi lng mi cht trong hn hp u l
A. 21,6 gam Al v 9,6 gam Al2O3
B. 5,4 gam Al v 25,8 gam Al2O3
C. 16,2 gam Al v 15,0 gam Al2O3
D. 10,8 gam Al v 20,4 gam Al2O3
Cu 30: X l 9 gam hp kim nhm bng dung dch NaOH c, nng (d) thot ra 10,08 lt kh
(ktc), cn cc thnh phn khc ca hp kim khng phn ng. Thnh phn % ca Al trong hp
kim l
A. 75%.
B. 80%.
C. 90%.
D. 60%.
Cu 31: Ha tan hon ton hp kim Al - Mg trong dung dch HCl, thu c 8,96 lt kh H 2
(ktc). Nu cng cho mt lng hp kim nh trn tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c
6,72 lt kh H2 (ktc). Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Al trong hp kim l
A. 69,2%.
B. 65,4%.
C. 80,2%.
D. 75,4%.
Cu 32. Cho dung dch cha 2,8 gam NaOH tc dng vi dung dch cha 3,42 gam Al2(SO4)3.
Sau phn ng khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 3,12 gam.
B. 2,34 gam.
C. 1,56 gam.
D. 0,78 gam.
Cu 33: Cho 200 ml dung dch AlCl3 1,5M tc dng vi V lt dung dch NaOH 0,5M, lng kt
ta thu c l 15,6 gam. Gi tr ln nht ca V l (cho H = 1, O = 16, Al = 27)
A. 1,2.
B. 1,8.
C. 2,4.
D. 2.
ST v HP CHT
St th 26, nhm VIIIB, chu k 4
Cu hnh electron: Fe (Z=26): 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2
hay [Ar]3d64s2
Fe2+: [Ar]3d6
Fe3+: [Ar]3d5
II./Tnh cht vt l :
St c tnh nhim t kh b nam chm ht.Dn in km v gim dn :Ag>Cu>Au>Al>Fe
C tnh kh trung bnh
Fe ---> Fe+2 + 2e
Fe ---> Fe+3 + 3e
Th d: Fe + S FeS
3Fe + 2O2 Fe3O4
2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3
2./ Tc dng vi axit:
a./ Vi dung dch HCl, H2SO4 long: to mui Fe (II) v H2
Th d: Fe + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
b./ Vi dung dch HNO3 v H2SO4 c nng: to mui Fe (III)
Th d: Fe + 4 HNO3 (long) Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
to
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
2Fe + 6H2SO4 (c) Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O

Ch : Fe khng tc dng vi axit HNO3 c ngui v H2SO4 c ngui
3. Tc dng vi dung dch mui: Fe kh c ion ca cc kim loi ng sau n.
Th d: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu
4./ Tc dng vi nc:
nhit thng st khng kh nc
nhit cao:
Th d: 3Fe + 4H2O Fe3O4 + 4H2
Fe + H2O FeO + H2
to
t o < 570o
t o > 570o
HP CHT CA ST
I./Hp cht st (II)
Tnh cht ha hc c trng ca hp cht st (II) l tnh kh (d b oxi ha)
1./ St (II) oxit: FeO
Th d: 3FeO + 10HNO3 (long) 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 5H2O
Fe2O3 + CO 2FeO + CO2
2./ St (II) hidroxit: Fe(OH)2
Th d: 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O ---> 4Fe(OH)3
3./ Mui st (II):
Th d: 2FeCl2 + Cl2 ---> 2FeCl3
Ch : FeO , Fe(OH)2 khi tc dng vi HCl hay H2SO4 long to mui st (II)
Th d: FeO + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
Fe(OH)2 + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + 2H2O
II./ Hp cht st (III):
Hp cht st (III) c tnh oxi ha.
1./ St (III) oxit: Fe2O3
L oxit baz: tc dng vi axit to mui st (III) v nc.
Th d: Fe2O3 + 6HCl ---> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 6HNO3 ---> 2Fe(NO3)3 + 2H2O
B CO, H2 , Al kh thnh Fe nhit cao:
Th d: Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
iu ch: phn hy Fe(OH)3 nhit cao.
Th d: 2Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 + 3H2O
2./ St (III) hidroxit: Fe(OH)3
Tc dng vi axit: to mui v nc
Th d: Fe(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 ---> Fe2(SO4)3 + 6H2O
iu ch: cho dung dch kim tc dng vi mui st (III).
Th d: FeCl3 + 3NaOH ---> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl
3./ Mui st (III):
C tnh oxi ha (d b kh)
Th d: Fe + 2FeCl3 ---> 3FeCl2
Cu + 2FeCl3 ---> 2FeCl2 + CuCl2
B. BAI TAP
Cu 1: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca nguyn t Fe?
A. [Ar] 4s23d6.
B. [Ar]3d64s2.
C. [Ar]3d8.
D. [Ar]3d74s1.
Cu 2: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca ion Fe2+?
A. [Ar]3d6.
B. [Ar]3d5.
C. [Ar]3d4.
D. [Ar]3d3.
to
to
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 3: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca ion Fe3+?

A. [Ar]3d6.
B. [Ar]3d5.
C. [Ar]3d4.
D. [Ar]3d3.
Cu 4: Cho phng trnh ho hc: aAl + bFe3O4 cFe + dAl2O3 (a, b, c, d l cc s nguyn, ti
gin). Tng cc h s a, b, c, d l
A. 25.
B. 24.
C. 27.
D. 26.
Cu 5: Trong cc loi qung st, qung c hm lng st cao nht l
A. hematit nu.
B. manhetit.
C. xierit.
D. hematit .
Cu 6: Hai dung dch u phn ng c vi kim loi Fe l
A. CuSO4 v ZnCl2.
B. CuSO4 v HCl. C. ZnCl2 v FeCl3.
D. HCl v AlCl3.
Cu 7: Cho st phn ng vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng thu c mt cht kh mu nu .
Cht kh l
A. NO2.
B. N2O.
C. NH3.
D. N2.
Cu 8: Ho tan m gam Fe trong dung dch HCl d, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 4,48 lt
kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l (Cho Fe = 56, H = 1, Cl = 35,5)
A. 2,8.
B. 1,4.
C. 5,6.
D. 11,2.
Cu 9: Ho tan hon ton m gam Fe trong dung dch HNO3 long d, sau khi phn ng kt thc
thu c 0,448 lt kh NO duy nht ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l (Cho Fe = 56, H = 1, Cl = 35,5)
A. 11,2.
B. 0,56.
C. 5,60.
D. 1,12.
Cu 10. Bao nhiu gam clo tc dng va kim loi st to ra 32,5 gam FeCl3?
A. 21,3 gam
B. 14,2 gam.
C. 13,2 gam.
D. 23,1 gam.
Cu 11: Cho 2,52 gam mt kim loi tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 long, thu c 6,84
gam mui sunfat. Kim loi l:
A. Mg.
B. Zn.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
Cu 12: Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng 50 gam trong dung dch HCl. Sau khi thu c
336 ml kh H2 (ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 1,68%. Kim loi l
A. Zn.
B. Fe.
C. Al.
D. Ni.
Cu 13: Cho mt t bt st nguyn cht tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 long thu c 560
ml mt cht kh ( ktc). Nu cho mt lng gp i bt st ni trn tc dng ht vi dung dch
CuSO4 th thu c m gam mt cht rn. Gi tr m l
A. 1,4 gam.
B. 4,2 gam.
C. 2,3 gam.
D. 3,2 gam.
Cu 14: Hn hp X gm Cu v Fe, trong Cu chim 43,24% khi lng. Cho 14,8 gam X tc
dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c V lt kh (ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 3,36 lt.
Cu 15: Nhng thanh st vo dung dch CuSO4, sau mt thi gian ly thanh st ra ra sch, sy
kh thy khi lng tng 1,2 gam. Khi lng Cu bm vo thanh st l
A. 9,3 gam.
B. 9,4 gam.
C. 9,5 gam.
D. 9,6 gam.
Cu 16: Cho st tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long thu c V lt H2 (ktc), dung dch thu
c cho bay hi c tinh th FeSO4.7H2O c khi lng l 55,6 gam. Th tch kh H2 (ktc)
c gii phng l
A. 8,19 lt.
B. 7,33 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,23 lt.
Cu 17: Ngm mt inh st nng 4 gam trong dung dch CuSO4, sau mt thi gian ly inh st
ra, sy kh, cn nng 4,2857 gam. Khi lng st tham gia phn ng l
A. 1,9990 gam.
B. 1,9999 gam.
C. 0,3999 gam.
D. 2,1000 gam
Cu 18: Ho tan 58 gam mui CuSO4.5H2O vo nc c 500 ml dung dch A. Cho dn dn
bt st vo 50 ml dung dch A, khuy nh cho ti khi dung dch ht mu xanh. Khi lng st
tham gian phn ng l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. 1,9922 gam.
B. 1,2992 gam.
C. 1,2299 gam.
D. 2,1992 gam.
Cu 19. Mt hn hp gm 13 gam km v 5,6 gam st tc dng vi dung dch axit sunfuric
long d. Th tch kh hidro (ktc) c gii phng sau phn ng l.
A. 2,24 lit.
B. 4,48 lit.
C. 6,72 lit.
D. 67,2 lit.
Cu 20: Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dung dch HNO 3 long (d), sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phm
kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
A. 6,72.
B. 4,48.
C. 2,24.
D. 3,36.
Cu 21: Cho 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d). Sau
phn ng thu c 2,24 lt kh hiro ( ktc), dung dch X v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr
ca m l (Cho H = 1, Fe = 56, Cu = 64)
A. 6,4 gam.
B. 3,4 gam.
C. 5,6 gam.
D. 4,4 gam.
Cu 22: Cho 20 gam hn hp bt Mg v Fe tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c 1 gam kh
H2 bay ra. Lng mui clorua to ra trong dung dch l bao nhiu gam ?
A. 40,5 gam.
B. 45,5 gam.
C. 55,5 gam.
D. 60,5 gam.
Cu 23. Cho m gam Fe vo dung dch HNO3 ly d ta thu c 8,96 lit(kc) hn hp kh X
gm 2 kh NO v NO2 c t khi hi hn hp X so vi oxi bng 1,3125. Gi tr ca m l
A. 0,56 gam.
B. 1,12 gam.
C. 11,2 gam.
D. 5,6 gam.
Cu 24: Phn hy Fe(OH)3 nhit cao n khi lng khng i, thu c cht rn l
A. FeO.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. Fe(OH)2.
Cu 25: Sn phm to thnh c cht kt ta khi dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 tc dng vi dung dch
A. NaOH.
B. Na2SO4.
C. NaCl.
D. CuSO4.
Cu 26: Dy gm hai cht ch c tnh oxi ho l
A. Fe(NO3)2, FeCl3.
B. Fe(OH)2, FeO. C. Fe2O3, Fe2(SO4)3.
D. FeO, Fe2O3.
Y
Cu 27: Cho s chuyn ho: Fe X FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 (mi mi tn ng vi mt phn ng). Hai
cht X, Y ln lt l
A. HCl, NaOH. B. HCl, Al(OH)3. C. NaCl, Cu(OH)2.
D. Cl2, NaOH.
Cu 28: Hp cht st (II) sunfat c cng thc l
A. FeSO4.
B. Fe(OH)3.
C. Fe2O3.
D. Fe2(SO4)3.
Cu 29: St c th tan trong dung dch no sau y?
A. FeCl2 .
B. FeCl3.
C. MgCl2.
D. AlCl3.
Cu 30: Hp cht no sau y ca st va c tnh oxi ha, va c tnh kh?
A. FeO.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe(OH)3.
D. Fe(NO3)3.
Cu 31: Nhn nh no sau y sai?
A. St tan c trong dung dch CuSO4.
B. St tan c trong dung dch FeCl3.
C. St tan c trong dung dch FeCl2.
D. ng tan c trong dung dch FeCl3.
Cu 32: Cht c tnh oxi ho nhng khng c tnh kh l
A. Fe.
B. Fe2O3.
C. FeCl2.
D. FeO.
Cu 33: Cht phn ng vi dung dch FeCl3 cho kt ta l
A. CH3COOCH3. B. CH3OH.
C. CH3NH2.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 34: Cho phn ng: a Fe + b HNO3 c Fe(NO3)3 + d NO + e H2O
Cc h s a, b, c, d, e l nhng s nguyn, n gin nht. Th tng (a+b) bng
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 35: Cho dy cc cht: FeCl2, CuSO4, BaCl2, KNO3. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi
dung dch NaOH l
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 36: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Cu, Fe, Ag, Zn. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi
dung dch HCl l
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 37: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi
dung dch cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l:
A. I, II v III.
B. I, II v IV.
C. I, III v IV.
D. II, III v IV.
Cu 38: Nung 21,4 gam Fe(OH)3 nhit cao n khi lng khng i, thu c m gam
mt oxit. Gi tr ca m l (Cho H = 1, O = 16, Fe = 56)
A. 16.
B. 14.
C. 8.
D. 12.
Cu 39: Cho kh CO kh hon ton n Fe mt hn hp gm: FeO, Fe 2O3, Fe3O4 thy c 4,48
lt CO2 (ktc) thot ra. Th tch CO (ktc) tham gia phn ng l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 40: kh hon ton 30 gam hn hp CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MgO cn dng 5,6 lt kh
CO ( ktc). Khi lng cht rn sau phn ng l
A. 28 gam.
B. 26 gam.
C. 22 gam.
D. 24 gam.
Cu 41: Kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 cn 2,24 lt CO ( ktc). Khi
lng st thu c l
A. 5,6 gam.
B. 6,72 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 8,0 gam.
Cu 42: Hn hp A gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Trong hn hp A, mi oxit u c 0,5 mol. Khi
lng ca hn hp A l
A. 231 gam.
B. 232 gam.
C. 233 gam.
D. 234 gam.
Cu 43: Kh hon ton 16 gam Fe2O3 bng kh CO nhit cao. Kh i ra sau phn ng c
dn vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 15 gam
B. 20 gam.
C. 25 gam.
D. 30 gam.
o
Cu 44: Kh hon ton m gam hn hp X gm FeO v Fe 2O3 bng H2 (t ), kt thc th nghim
thu c 9 gam H2O v 22,4 gam cht rn. % s mol ca FeO c trong hn hp X l:
A. 66,67%.
B. 20%.
C. 67,67%.
D. 40%.
Cu 45: Nung mt mu thp thng c khi lng 10 gam trong O2 d thu c 0,1568 lt kh
CO2 (ktc). Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca cacbon trong mu thp l
A. 0,82%.
B. 0,84%.
C. 0,85%.
D. 0,86%.
Cu 46: Ho tan hon ton 2,81 gam hn hp gm Fe2O3, MgO, ZnO trong 500 ml axit
H2SO4 0,1M (va ). Sau phn ng, hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c khi c cn dung dch
c khi lng l
A. 3,81 gam.
B. 4,81 gam.
C. 5,81 gam.
D. 6,81 gam.
Cu 47: Cho 32 gam hn hp gm MgO, Fe2O3, CuO tc dng va vi 300ml dung dch
H2SO4 2M. Khi lng mui thu c l
A. 60 gam.
B. 80 gam.
C. 85 gam.
D. 90 gam.
Cu 48: Ha tn 10 gam hn hp bt Fe v Fe2O3 bng dd HCl thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) v
dung dch A. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi NaOH d, thu c kt ta. Nung kt ta trong
khng kh n khi lng khng i c cht rn c khi lng l:
A. 11,2 gam.
B. 12,4 gam.
C. 15,2 gam.
D. 10,9 gam.
Cu 49: Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu c dung dch X. Dung
dch X phn ng va vi V ml dung dch KMnO4 0,5M. Gi tr ca V l (cho Fe = 56)
A. 40.
B. 80.
C. 60.
D. 20.
CRM v HP CHT
GV: Hnh Tho-
th 24, thuc nhm VIB, chu k 4

Cu hnh electron: Cr (Z=24): 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1
hay [Ar]3d54s1
II./ Tnh cht ha hc:
Crom c tnh kh mnh hn st, cc s oxi ha thng gp ca crom l: +2 , +3 , +6
1./ Tc dng vi phi kim: to hp cht crom (III)
Th d: 4Cr + 3O2 2Cr2O3
2Cr + 3Cl2 2CrCl3
2Cr + 3S Cr2S3
2./ Tc dng vi nc:
Crom (Cr) khng tc dng vi nc bt k nhit no
3./ Tc dng vi axit:HCl v H2SO4 to mui Cr+2
Th d: Cr + 2HCl ---> CrCl2 + H2
Cr + H2SO4 ---> CrSO4 + H2
Ch : Cr khng tc dng vi HNO3 c ngui v H2SO4 c ngui.
III./ Hp cht ca crom:
1./ Hp cht crom (III):
a./ Crom (III) oxit: (Cr2O3) l oxit lng tnh
Th d: Cr2O3 + 2NaOH ---> 2NaCrO2 + H2O
Cr2O3 + 6HCl ---> 2CrCl3 + 3H2O
b./ Crom (III) hidroxit: (Cr(OH)3) l mt hidroxit lng tnh.
Th d: Cr(OH)3 + NaOH ---> NaCrO2 + 2H2O
Cr(OH)3 + 3HCl ---> CrCl3 + 3H2O
Ch : mui crom (III) va c tnh oxi ha va c tnh kh.
Th d: 2CrCl3 + Zn ---> 2CrCl2 + ZnCl2
2NaCrO2 + 3Br2 + 8NaOH ---> 2Na2CrO4 + 6NaBr + 4H2O
2./ Hp cht crom (VI):
a./ Crom (VI) oxit: CrO3 L oxit axit.
C tnh oxi ha mnh: S , P , C , C2H5OH bc chy khi tip xc vi CrO3
b./ Mui crom (VI):
C tnh oxi ha mnh
Th d: K2Cr2O7 + 6FeSO4 + 7H2SO4 ---> 3Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 7H2O
B. BAI TAP
3+
Cu 1: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cr l:
A. [Ar]3d5.
B. [Ar]3d4.
C. [Ar]3d3.
D. [Ar]3d2.
Cu 2: Cc s oxi ho c trng ca crom l:
A. +2; +4, +6.
B. +2, +3, +6.
C. +1, +2, +4, +6. D. +3, +4, +6.
Cu 3: Nh t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo dung dch K2CrO4 th mu ca dung dch chuyn
t
A. khng mu sang mu vng.
B. mu da cam sang mu vng.
C. khng mu sang mu da cam.
D. mu vng sang mu da cam.
Cu 4: Oxit lng tnh l
A. Cr2O3.
B. MgO.
C. CrO.
D. CaO.
Cu 5: Cho phan ng : NaCrO2 + Br2 + NaOH Na2CrO4 + NaBr + H2O

Khi cn bng phan ng trn, h s cua NaCrO2 la
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 6: Cp kim loai no sau y bn trong khng khi va nc do co mang oxit bao v?
to
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. Fe va Al.
B. Fe va Cr.
C. Mn va Cr.
D. Al va Cr.
Cu 7: Suc khi Cl2 vao dung dich CrCl3 trong mi trng NaOH. San phm thu c la
A. Na2Cr2O7, NaCl, H2O.
B. Na2CrO4, NaClO3, H2O.
C. Na[Cr(OH)4], NaCl, NaClO, H2O.
D. Na2CrO4, NaCl, H2O.
Cu 8: Khi so snh trong cng mt iu kin th Cr l kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn
A. Fe.
B. K.
C. Na.
D. Ca.
Cu 9: Khi lung K2Cr2O7 cn dng oxi ho ht 0,6 mol FeSO 4 trong dung dch c H2SO4
long lm mi
trng l (Cho O = 16, K = 39, Cr = 52)
A. 29,4 gam
B. 59,2 gam.
C. 24,9 gam.
D. 29,6 gam
Cu 10: Mun iu ch 6,72 lit khi clo (kc) thi khi lung K 2Cr2O7 ti thiu cn dng tac
dung vi dung dch HCl c, d la (Cho O = 16, K = 39, Cr = 52)
A. 29,4 gam
B. 27,4 gam.
C. 24,9 gam.
D. 26,4 gam
Cu 11: oxi ha hon ton 0,01 mol CrCl3 thnh K2CrO4 bng Cl2 khi c mt KOH, lng
ti thiu Cl2 v KOH tng ng l
A. 0,015 mol v 0,04 mol.
B. 0,015 mol v 0,08 mol.
C. 0,03 mol v 0,08 mol.
D. 0,03 mol v 0,04 mol.
Cu 12: Khi lng bt nhm cn dung thu c 78 gam crom t Cr2O3 bng phan ng nhit
nhm (gia s hiu sut phan ng la 100%) la
A. 13,5 gam
B. 27,0 gam.
C. 54,0 gam.
D. 40,5 gam
Cu 13: Nung hn hp bt gm 15,2 gam Cr 2O3 v m gam Al nhit cao. Sau khi phn ng
hon ton, thu c 23,3 gam hn hp rn X. Cho ton b hn hp X phn ng vi axit HCl
(d) thot ra V lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l (cho O = 16, Al = 27, Cr = 52)
A. 7,84.
B. 4,48.
C. 3,36.
D. 10,08.
Cu 14: Cho 13,5 gam hn hp cc kim loi Al, Cr, Fe tc dng vi lng d dung dch
H2SO4 long nng (trong iu kin khng c khng kh), thu c dung dch X v 7,84 lt kh
H2 ( ktc). C cn dung dch X (trong iu kin khng c khng kh) c m gam mui khan.
Gi tr ca m l
A. 42,6.
B. 45,5.
C. 48,8.
D. 47,1.
NG, KM v HP CHT
th 29, thuc nhm IB, chu k 4.
Cu hnh electron: Cu (Z=29) 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1
hay [Ar]3d104s1
II./ Tnh cht ha hc:
L kim loi km hot ng, c tnh kh yu.
Th d: 2Cu + O2 2CuO
Cu + Cl2 CuCl2
2./ Tc dng vi axit:
a./ Vi axit HCl v H2SO4 long: Cu khng phn ng
b./ Vi axit HNO3 , H2SO4 c, nng:
Th d: Cu + 2H2SO4 (c) CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O
Cu + 4HNO3 (c) Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
3Cu + 8HNO3 (long) 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
III./ Hp cht ca ng:
1./ ng (II) oxit:
to
to
to
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
L oxit baz: tc dung vi axit v oxit axit.

Th d: CuO + H2SO4 ---> CuSO4 + H2O
C tnh oxi ha: d b H2 , CO , C kh thnh Cu kim loi.
Th d: CuO + H2 Cu + H2O
2./ ng (II) hidroxit:
L mt baz: tc dng vi axit to mui v nc.
Th d: Cu(OH)2 + 2HCl ---> CuCl2 + 2H2O
D b nhit phn: Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O
B. BAI TAP
Cu 1: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu l
A. [Ar]4s13d10.
B. [Ar]4s23d9.
C. [Ar]3d104s1.
D. [Ar]3d94s2.
Cu 2: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu2+ l
A. [Ar]3d7.
B. [Ar]3d8.
C. [Ar]3d9.
D. [Ar]3d10.
Cu 3: Cho Cu tc dng vi dung dch hn hp gm NaNO3 v H2SO4 long s gii phng kh
no sau y?
A. NO2.
B. NO.
C. N2O.
D. NH3.
Cu 4: Tng h s (cc s nguyn, ti gin) ca tt c cc cht trong phng trnh phn ng
gia Cu vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng l
A. 10.
B. 8.
C. 9.
D. 11.
Cu 5: C 4 dung dch mui ring bit: CuCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. Nu thm dung dch
KOH (d) vo 4 dung dch trn th s cht kt ta thu c l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 6: Hai kim loi u phn ng vi dung dch Cu(NO3)2 gii phng kim loi Cu l
A. Al v Fe.
B. Fe v Au.
C. Al v Ag.
D. Fe v Ag.
A. Fe + Cu(NO3)2. B. Cu + AgNO3. C. Zn + Fe(NO3)2. D. Ag + Cu(NO3)2.
Cu 8: Dung dch FeSO4 v dung dch CuSO4 u tc dng c vi
A. Ag.
B. Fe.
C. Cu.
D. Zn.
Cu 9: Kim loi Cu phn ng c vi dung dch
A. FeSO4.
B. AgNO3.
C. KNO3.
D. HCl.
Cu 10: Hai kim loi c th iu ch bng phng php nhit luyn l
A. Ca v Fe.
B. Mg v Zn.
C. Na v Cu.
D. Fe v Cu.
Cu 11: Cht khng kh c st oxit ( nhit cao) l
A. Cu.
B. Al.
C. CO.
D. H2.
Cu 12: Dung dch mui no sau y tc dng c vi c Ni v Pb?
A. Pb(NO3)2.
B. Cu(NO3)2.
C. Fe(NO3)2.
D. Ni(NO3)2.
Cu 13: loi b kim loi Cu ra khi hn hp bt gm Ag v Cu, ngi ta ngm hn hp kim
loi trn vo lng d dung dch
A. AgNO3.
B. HNO3.
C. Cu(NO3)2.
D. Fe(NO3)2.
Cu 14: Tt c cc kim loi Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag u tc dng c vi dung dch
A. HCl.
B. H2SO4 long. C. HNO3 long. D. KOH.
Cu 15: Mt kim loi phn ng vi dung dch CuSO4 to ra Cu. Kim loi l
A. Fe.
B. Ag.
C. Cu.
D. Na.
Cu 16: ng (Cu) tc dng c vi dung dch
A. H2SO4 c, nng.
B. H2SO4 long. C. FeSO4.
D. HCl.
Cu 17: Kim loi M phn ng c vi: dung dch HCl, dung dch Cu(NO3)2, dung dch
HNO3 (c, ngui). Kim loi M l
to
to
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. Al.
B. Zn.
C. Fe.
D. Ag.
Cu 18: Khi cho Cu tc dng vi dung dch cha H2SO4 long v NaNO3, vai tr ca NaNO3
trong phn ng l
A. cht xc tc. B. cht oxi ho. C. mi trng.
D. cht kh.
Cu 19: Trng hp xy ra phn ng l
A. Cu + Pb(NO3)2 (long)
B. Cu + HCl (long)
C. Cu + HCl (long) + O2
D. Cu + H2SO4 (long)
Cu 20: Hp cht no sau y khng c tnh lng tnh?
A. ZnO.
B. Zn(OH)2.
C. ZnSO4.
D. Zn(HCO3)2.
Cu 21: Cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch mui sunfat ca mt kim loi c ho tr II thy
sinh ra kt ta tan trong dung dch NaOH d. Mui sunfat l mui no sau y?
A. MgSO4.
B. CaSO4.
C. MnSO4.
D. ZnSO4.
Cu 22: Dy no sau y sp xp cc kim loi ng theo th t tnh kh tng dn?
A. Pb, Ni, Sn, Zn. B. Pb, Sn, Ni, Zn. C. Ni, Sn, Zn, Pb. D. Ni, Zn, Pb, Sn.
Cu 23: St ty l st c ph ln b mt bi kim loi no sau y?
A. Zn.
B. Ni.
C. Sn.
D. Cr.
Cu 24: Cho 19,2 gam kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c 4,48 lt kh
duy nht NO (ktc). Kim loi M l
A. Mg.
B. Cu.
C. Fe.
D. Zn.
A. Al v Mg.
B. Na v Fe.
C. Cu v Ag.
D. Mg v Zn.
Cu 27: Cho 7,68 gam Cu tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 long thy c kh NO thot ra.
Khi lng mui nitrat sinh ra trong dung dch l
A. 21, 56 gam.
B. 21,65 gam.
C. 22,56 gam.
D. 22,65 gam.
Cu 28: t 12,8 gam Cu trong khng kh. Ho tan cht rn thu c vo dung dch HNO3
0,5M thy thot ra 448 ml kh NO duy nht (ktc). Th tch ti thiu dung dch HNO3 cn dng
ho tan cht rn l
A. 0,84 lt.
B. 0,48 lt.
C. 0,16 lt.
D. 0,42 lt.
Cu 29: Kh m gam bt CuO bng kh H2 nhit cao thu c hn hp cht rn X. ho
tan ht X cn va 1 lt dung dch HNO3 1M, thu c 4,48 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc). Hiu
sut ca phn ng kh CuO l
A. 70%.
B. 75%.
C. 80%.
D. 85%.
PHN BIT MT S CHT V C
I./ Nhn bit mt s cation trong dung dch:
1./ Nhn bit cation Na+:
Phng php: th mu ngn la
2./ Nhn bit cation NH4+:
Dng dung dch NaOH hoc KOH : to kh NH3 c mi khai.
3./ Nhn bit cation Ba2+:
Dng dung dch H2SO4 long: to kt ta BaSO4 trng
4./ Nhn bit cation Al3+:
Dng dung dch NaOH hoc KOH: to kt ta keo trng tan trong kim d
5./ Nhn bit cc cation Fe2+ , Fe3+ , Cu2+:
GV: Hnh Tho-
a./ Nhn bit cation Fe3+:

Dng dung dch NaOH , KOH hoc NH3: to kt ta Fe(OH)3 mu nu
b./ Nhn bit cation Fe2+:
Dng dung dch NaOH , KOH hoc NH3: to kt ta Fe(OH)2 c mu trng hi xanh.
c./ Nhn bit cation Cu2+:
Dng dung dch NaOH , KOH hoc NH3: to kt ta xanh tan trong NH3 d.
II./ Nhn bit mt s anion trong dung dch:
1./ Nhn bit anion NO3-:
Dng kim loi Cu trong dung dch H2SO4 long: to dung dch mu xanh, kh NO khng mu
ha nu trong khng kh.
2./ Nhn bit anion SO42-:
Dng dung dch BaCl2: to kt ta BaSO4 khng tan.
3./ Nhn bit anion Cl-:
Dng dung dch AgNO3: tao kt ta AgCl trng
4./ Nhn bit anion CO32-:
Dng dung dch HCl hay H2SO4 long: si bt kh khng mu lm c nc vi trong.
NHN BIT MT S CHT KH
1./ Nhn bit kh CO2:
Dng dung dch Ca(OH)2 hay Ba(OH)2: to kt ta trng
2./ Nhn bit kh SO2:
Dng dung dch nc brom: lm nht mu dung dch brom
Ch : SO2 cng to kt ta trng vi Ca(OH)2 v Ba(OH)2.
3./ Nhn bit kh H2S:
Dng dung dch Pb(NO3)2 hay Cu(NO3)2: to kt ta en.
4./ Nhn bit kh NH3:
Dng giy qu tm thm t: qu tm chuyn thnh mu xanh.
A. NHN BIT CHT KH
Kh
SO2
NH3
CO2
H2S
Thuc th
- Qu tm m
Hin tng
Ha hng
- dd Br2,
dd KMnO4
Mt mu
- nc vi
Lm c
trong
- Qu tm m
Ha xanh
- kh HCl
To khi trng
- nc vi
Lm c
trong
- qu tm m
Ha hng
- khng duy tr s chy
- Qu tm m
Ha hng
Kt ta vng
- O2
Cl2
SO2
FeCl3
KMnO4
Phn ng
SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O 2HBr + H2SO4
SO2 + 2KMnO4 + 2H2O 2H2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4
SO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO3 + H2O
NH3 + HCl NH4Cl
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
2H2S + O2 2S + 2H2O
H2S + Cl2 S + 2HCl
2H2S + SO2 3S + 2H2O
H2S + 2FeCl3 2FeCl2 + S + 2HCl
3H2S+2KMnO42MnO2+3S+2KOH+2H2O
GV: Hnh Tho-
5H2S+2KMnO4+3H2SO42MnSO4+5S+K2SO4+8H2O
- PbCl2
H2S + Pb(NO3)2 PbS+ 2HNO3
Kt ta en
B. NHN BIT ION DNG (CATION)

Ion
Thuc th
t
trn ngn la
v sc
Na+
Hin tng
Phn ng
Ngn la mu vng ti
Ba2+
dd SO24 , dd CO23
trng
Ba2+ + SO24 BaSO4 ;Ba2+ + CO23

BaCO3
Cu2+
dd NH3
xanh, tan trong dd NH3

d
Cu(OH)2 + 4NH3 [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2
Mg2+
trng
Mg2+ +
Fe2+
trng hi xanh ,
ha nu ngoi khng kh
Fe2+ +
2OH Fe(OH)2
2Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 2Fe(OH)3
Fe3+
nu
Fe3+
Al
keo trng
tan trong kim d
Al3+ +
3OH Al(OH)3
Al(OH)3 + OH AlO2 + 2H2O
Cu2+
xanh
Cu2+
NH3
NH+4
dd Kim
3+
NH 4
2OH Mn(OH)2
3OH Fe(OH)3
2OH Cu(OH)2
+ OH NH3 + H2O
C. NHN BIT ION M (ANION)

Ion
Thuc th
Hin tng
Phn ng
trng
Cl + Ag+ AgCl (ha en ngoi nh sng)
trng
CO32 + Ba2+ BaCO3 (tan trong HCl)
trng
SO23 + Ba2+ BaSO3 (tan trong HCl)
trng
SO24 + Ba2+ BaSO4 (khng tan trong

HCl)
en
S2 + Pb2+
Si bt kh
CO32 + 2H+ CO2 + H2O (khng mi)
Si bt kh
SO23 + 2H+
SO2 + H2O (mi hc)
S2
Si bt kh
S2 + 2H+
H2S (mi trng thi)
HC O23
Si bt kh
t
2 HCO3
CO2 + CO32 + H2O
C l
AgNO3
C O23
SO23
BaCl2
SO24
S2
Pb(NO3)2
C O23
SO23
HCl
un nng
HSO3
NO3
Vn Cu, H2SO4
Si bt kh mi
hc
Dung dch mu
xanh v kh khng
PbS
t
2 HSO3
SO2 + SO23 + H2O
NO3 + H+
HNO3
3Cu + 8HNO3 2Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO+4H2O
GV: Hnh Tho-
mu ha nu trong
khng kh
2NO + O2
2NO2
B. BAI TAP
Cu 1: Ch dng dung dch KOH phn bit c cc cht ring bit trong nhm no sau y?
A. Zn, Al2O3, Al. B. Mg, K, Na.
C. Mg, Al2O3, Al. D. Fe, Al2O3, Mg.
Cu 2: phn bit CO2 v SO2 ch cn dng thuc th l
A. dung dch Ba(OH)2. B. CaO.
C. dung dch NaOH.
D. nc brom.
+
Cu 3: C 5 dung dch ring r, mi dung dch cha mt cation sau y: NH4 , Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+,
Al3+ (nng khong 0,1M). Dng dung dch NaOH cho ln lt vo tng dung dch trn, c
th nhn bit ti a c my dung dch?
A. 2 dung dch.
B. 3 dung dch.
C. 1 dung dch.
D. 5 dung dch.
Cu 4: C 5 l cha ho cht mt nhn, mi l ng mt trong cc dung dch cha cation sau
(nng mi dung dch khong 0,01M): Fe2+, Cu2+, Ag+, Al3+, Fe3+. Ch dng mt dung dch
thuc th KOH c th nhn bit c ti a my dung dch?
A. 2 dung dch.
B. 3 dung dch.
C. 1 dung dch.
D. 5 dung dch.
Cu 5: C 5 dung dch ho cht khng nhn, mi dung dch nng khong 0,1M ca mt trong
cc mui sau: KCl, Ba(HCO3)2, K2CO3, K2S, K2SO3. Ch dng mt dung dch thuc th l dung
dch H2SO4 long nh trc tip vo mi dung dch th c th phn bit ti a my dung dch?
A. 1 dung dch.
B. 2 dung dch.
C. 3 dung dch.
D. 5 dung dch.
Cu 6: Kh CO2 c ln tp cht l kh HCl. loi tr tp cht HCl nn cho kh CO2 i qua
dung dch no sau y l tt nht?
A. Dung dch NaOH d.
B. Dung dch NaHCO3 bo ho d.
C. Dung dch Na2CO3 d.
D. Dung dch AgNO3 d.
Cu 7: C cc l dung dch ho cht khng nhn, mi l ng dung dch khng mu ca cc
mui sau: Na2SO4, Na3PO4, Na2CO3, Na2S, Na2SO3. Ch dng thuc th l dung dch H2SO4
long nh trc tip vo mi dung dch th c th c cc dung dch
A. Na2CO3, Na2S, Na2SO3.
B. Na2CO3, Na2S.
C. Na3PO4, Na2CO3, Na2S.
D. Na2SO4, Na3PO4, Na2CO3, Na2S, Na2SO3.
Cu 8: C 4 ng nghim khng nhn, mi ng ng mt trong cc dung dch khng mu
sau(nng khong 0,01M): NaCl, Na2CO3, KHSO4 v CH3NH2. Ch dng giy qu tm ln lt
nhng vo tng dung dch, quan st s i mu ca n c th nhn bit c dy cc dung dch
no?
A. Hai dung dch NaCl v KHSO4.
B. Hai dung dch CH3NH2 v KHSO4.
C. Dung dch NaCl.
D. Ba dung dch NaCl, Na2CO3 v KHSO4.
Cu 9: phn bit dung dch Cr2(SO4)3 v dung dch FeCl2 ngi ta dng lng d dung dch
A. K2SO4.
B. KNO3.
C. NaNO3.
D. NaOH.
Cu 10: C 4 mu kim loi l Na, Ca, Al, Fe. Ch dng thm nc lm thuc th c th nhn
bit c ti a
A. 2 cht.
B. 3 cht.
C. 1 cht.
D. 4 cht.
Cu 11: nhn bit ion NO3 ngi ta thng dng Cu v dung dch H2SO4 long v un nng,
bi v:
A. to ra kh c mu nu.
B. to ra dung dch c mu vng.
C. to ra kt ta c mu vng.
D. to ra kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh.
Cu 12: C 4 dung dch l: NaOH, H2SO4, HCl, Na2CO3. Ch dng mt ha cht nhn bit th
dng cht no trong s cc cht cho di y?
A. Dung dch HNO3
B. Dung dch KOH.
GV: Hnh Tho-
C. Dung dch BaCl2

D. Dung dch NaCl.
Cu 13: Sc mt kh vo nc brom, thy nc brom b nht mu. Kh l
A. CO2.
B. CO.
C. HCl.
D. SO2.
Cu 14: Kh no sau c trong khng kh lm cho cc dng bng bc lu ngy b xm en?
A. CO2.
B. O2.
C. H2S.
D. SO2.
Cu 15: Hn hp kh no sau ay tn ti bt k iu kin no?
A. H2 v Cl2.
B. N2 v O2.
C. HCl v CO2. D. H2 v O2.
HA HC V VN MI TRNG
Cu 1: Hi thu ngn rt c, bi vy khi lm v nhit k thu ngn th cht bt c dng
rc ln thu ngn ri gom li l
A. vi sng.
B. ct.
C. lu hunh.
D. mui n.
Cu 2: Hin tng tri t nng ln do hiu ng nh knh ch yu l do cht no sau y?
A. Kh cacbonic. B. Kh clo.
C. Kh hidroclorua.
D. Kh cacbon oxit.
Cu 3: T l s ngi cht v bnh phi do ht thuc l gp hng chc ln s ngi khng ht
thuc l. Cht gy nghin v gy ung th c trong thuc l l
A. nicotin.
B. aspirin.
C. cafein.
D. moocphin.
Cu 4: Tc nhn ch yu gy ma axit l
A. CO v CH4.
B. CH4 v NH3. C. SO2 v NO2. D. CO v CO2.
Cu 5: Khng kh trong phng th nghim b nhim bn bi kh clo. kh c, c th xt vo
khng kh dung dch no sau y?
A. Dung dch HCl.
B. Dung dch NH3.
C. Dung dch H2SO4.
D. Dung dch NaCl.
Cu 6: Dn khng kh b nhim i qua giy lc tm dung dch Pb(NO3)2 thy dung dch xut
hin mu en. Khng kh b nhim bn kh no sau y?
A. Cl2.
B. H2S.
C. SO2.
D. NO2.
Cu 7: Dy gm cc cht v thuc u c th gy nghin cho con ngi l
A. penixilin, paradol, cocain.
B. heroin, seduxen, erythromixin
C. cocain, seduxen, cafein.
D. ampixilin, erythromixin, cafein.
Cu 8: Trong kh thi cng nghip thng cha cc kh: SO2, NO2, HF. C th dng cht no
(r tin) sau y loi cc kh ?
A. NaOH.
B. Ca(OH)2.
C. HCl.
D. NH3.
CC DNG BI TP PHN I CNG KIM LOI
DNG 1: KIM LOI TC DNG VI PHI KIM
Cu 1. Bao nhiu gam clo tc dng va kim loi nhm to ra 26,7 gam AlCl3?
A. 21,3 gam
B. 12,3 gam.
C. 13,2 gam.
D. 23,1 gam.
Cu 2: t chy bt Al trong bnh kh Clo d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton khi lng
cht rn trong bnh
tng 4,26 gam. Khi lng Al phn ng l
A. 1,08 gam.
B. 2,16 gam.
C. 1,62 gam.
D. 3,24 gam.
Cu 3. Bao nhiu gam Cu tc dng va vi clo to ra 27 gam CuCl2?
A. 12,4 gam
B. 12,8 gam.
C. 6,4 gam.
D. 25,6 gam.
Cu 4. Cho m gam 3 kim loi Fe, Al, Cu vo mt bnh kn cha 0,9 mol oxi. Nung nng bnh 1
thi gian cho n khi s mol O2 trong bnh ch cn 0,865 mol v cht rn trong bnh c khi
lng 2,12 gam. Gi tr m dng l:
A. 1,2 gam.
B. 0,2 gam.
C. 0,1 gam.
D. 1,0 gam.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 5: t 1 lng nhm(Al) trong 6,72 lt O2. Cht rn thu c sau phn ng cho ho tan
hon ton vo dung dch HCl thy bay ra 6,72 lt H2 (cc th tch kh o kc). Khi lng
nhm dng l
A. 8,1gam.
B. 16,2gam.
C. 18,4gam.
D. 24,3gam.
DNG 2: KIM LOI TC DNG VI DUNG DCH AXIT
Cu 1. Cho 10 gam hn hp cc kim loi Mg v Cu tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl long d
thu c 3,733 lit H2(kc). Thnh phn % ca Mg trong hn hp l:
A. 50%.
B. 35%.
C. 20%.
D. 40%.
Cu 2. Mt hn hp gm 13 gam km v 5,6 gam st tc dng vi dung dch axit sunfuric long
d. Th tch kh hidro (ktc) c gii phng sau phn ng l.
A. 2,24 lit.
B. 4,48 lit.
C. 6,72 lit.
D. 67,2 lit.
Cu 3. Cho 4,05 gam Al tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 thu V lt N2O (kc) duy nht. Gi tr V
l
A. 2,52 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 1,26 lt.
Cu 4: Hn hp X gm Fe v Cu, trong Cu chim 43,24% khi lng. Cho 14,8 gam X tc
dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c V lt kh (ktc) bay ra. Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 5: Ho tan hon ton 1,5 gam hn hp bt Al v Mg vo dung dch HCl thu c 1,68 lt
H2 (kc). Phn % khi lng ca Al trong hn hp l
A. 60%.
B. 40%.
C. 30%.
D. 80%.
Cu 6: Ho tan m gam Fe trong dung dch HCl d, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 4,48 lt
kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l (Cho Fe = 56, H = 1, Cl = 35,5)
A. 2,8.
B. 1,4.
C. 5,6.
D. 11,2.
Cu 7: Ha tan 6,5 gam Zn trong dung dch axit HCl d, sau phn ng c cn dung dch th s
gam mui khan thu c l (Cho H = 1, Zn = 65, Cl = 35,5)
A. 20,7 gam.
B. 13,6 gam.
C. 14,96 gam.
D. 27,2 gam.
Cu 8: Ho tan 6,4 gam Cu bng axit H2SO4 c, nng (d), sinh ra V lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh
duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48.
B. 6,72.
C. 3,36.
D. 2,24.
Cu 9: Ho tan m gam Al bng dung dch HCl (d), thu c 3,36 lt H 2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m
l
A. 4,05.
B. 2,70.
C. 5,40.
D. 1,35.
Cu 10: Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dung dch HNO 3 long (d), sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phm
kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 6,72.
B. 4,48.
C. 2,24.
D. 3,36.
Cu 11: Cho 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d). Sau
phn ng thu c 2,24 lt kh hiro ( ktc), dung dch X v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr
ca m l (Cho H = 1, Fe = 56, Cu = 64)
A. 6,4 gam.
B. 3,4 gam.
C. 5,6 gam.
D. 4,4 gam.
Cu 12: Cho 20 gam hn hp bt Mg v Fe tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c 1 gam kh
H2 bay ra. Lng
mui clorua to ra trong dung dch l bao nhiu gam ?
A. 40,5g.
B. 45,5g.
C. 55,5g.
D. 60,5g.
Cu 13: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Al, Cu vo dung dch HCl (d), sau khi kt thc phn ng
sinh ra 3,36 lt kh ( ktc). Nu cho m gam hn hp X trn vo mt lng d axit nitric (c,
GV: Hnh Tho-
ngui), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 6,72 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi
tr ca m l
A. 15,6.
B. 10,5.
C. 11,5.
D. 12,3.
Cu 14: Trong hp kim Al Mg, c c 9 mol Al th c 1 mol Mg. Thnh phn phn % khi
lng ca hp kim l
A. 80% Al v 20% Mg.
B. 81% Al v 19% Mg.
C. 91% Al v 9% Mg.
D. 83% Al v 17% Mg.
Cu 15: Ho tan 6 gam hp kim Cu, Fe v Al trong axit HCl d thy thot ra 3,024 lt kh (kc)
v 1,86 gam cht rn khng tan. Thnh phn phn % ca hp kim l
A. 40% Fe, 28% Al 32% Cu.
B. 41% Fe, 29% Al, 30% Cu.
C. 42% Fe, 27% Al, 31% Cu.
D. 43% Fe, 26% Al, 31% Cu.
Cu 16. Ho tan hon ton 7,8 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al trong dung dch HCl d thy to ra
8,96 lt kh H2 (kc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m
l
A. 18,1 gam.
B. 36,2 gam.
C. 54,3 gam.
D. 63,2 gam.
Cu 17. Cho 11,9 gam hn hp gm Zn, Al tan hon ton trong dung dch H2SO4 long d thy
c 8,96 lit kh (kc) thot ra. Khi lng hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c l:
A. 44,9 gam.
B. 74,1 gam.
C. 50,3 gam.
D. 24,7 gam.
Cu 18. Cho m gam Fe vo dung dch HNO3 ly d ta thu c 8,96 lit(kc) hn hp kh X
gm 2 kh NO v NO2 c t khi hi hn hp X so vi oxi bng 1,3125. Gi tr ca m l
A. 0,56 gam.
B. 1,12 gam.
C. 11,2 gam.
D. 5,6 gam.
Cu 19. Cho 60 gam hn hp Cu v CuO tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long d thu c
13,44 lit kh NO (kc, sn phm kh duy nht). Phn % v khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp l:
A. 69%.
B. 96%.
C. 44%
D. 56%.
Cu 20. Cho 2,8 gam hn hp bt kim loi bc v ng tc dng vi dung dch HNO 3 c, d
th thu c 0,896 lt kh NO2 duy nht ( ktc). Thnh phn phn trm ca bc v ng trong
hn hp ln lt l:
A. 73% ; 27%.
B. 77,14% ; 22,86% C. 50%; 50%.
D. 44% ; 56%
Cu 21. Cho 8,3 gam hn hp Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c
45,5 gam mui nitrat khan. Th tch kh NO (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) thot ra l:
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 6,72 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 3,36 lt.
Cu 22. Cho 1,86 gam hn hp Al v Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c
560 ml lt kh N2O (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) bay ra. Khi lng mui nitrat to ra trong
dung dch l:
A. 40,5 gam.
B. 14,62 gam.
C. 24,16 gam.
D. 14,26 gam.
Cu 23. Cho 5 gam hn hp bt Cu v Al vo dung dch HCl d thu 3,36 lt H2 ktc. Phn
trm Al theo khi lng hn hp u l
A. 27%.
B. 51%.
C. 64%.
D. 54%.
Cu 24: Ho tan hon ton 1,23 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Al vo dung dch HNO 3 c, nng
thu c 1,344 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Phn trm v khi lng ca Cu
trong hn hp X l
A. 21,95%.
B. 78,05%.
C. 68,05%.
D. 29,15%.
Cu 25. Cho a gam bt Al tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 long thu c dung dch A
ch cha mt mui duy nht v 0,1792 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO, N2 c t khi hi so H2 l
14,25. Tnh a ?
A. 0,459 gam.
B. 0,594 gam.
C. 5,94 gam.
D. 0,954 gam.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 26. Ho tan hon ton 7,8 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al trong dung dch HCl d. Sau phn
ng thy khi lng dung dch tng thm 7 gam. Khi lng ca Al c trong hn hp ban u
l
A. 2,7 gam.
B. 5,4 gam.
C. 4,5 gam.
D. 2,4 gam.
Cu 27: Cho hn hp A gm Cu v Mg vo dung dch HCl d thu c 5,6 lt kh (kc) khng
mu v mt cht rn khng tan B. Dng dung dch H2SO4 c, nng ho tan cht rn B thu
c 2,24 lt kh SO2 (kc). Khi
lng hn hp A ban u l:
A. 6,4 gam.
B. 12,4 gam.
C. 6,0 gam.
D. 8,0 gam.
Cu 28: Ho tan hon ton 1,5 gam hn hp bt Al v Mg vo dung dch HCl thu c 1,68 lt
H2 (kc). Phn % khi lng ca Al trong hn hp l
A. 60%.
B. 40%.
C. 30%.
D. 80%.
DNG 3 : XC NH CNG THC

Cu 1. Ho tan 2,52 gam mt kim loi bng dung dch H2SO4 long d, c cn dung dch thu
c 6,84 gam mui khan. Kim loi l:
A. Mg.
B. Al.
C. Zn.
D. Fe.
Cu 2. Ho tan ht m gam kim loi M bng dung dch H2SO4 long, ri c cn dung dch sau
phn ng thu c 5m gam mui khan. Kim loi M l:
A. Al.
B. Mg.
C. Zn.
D. Fe.
Cu 3: Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng 50 gam trong dung dch HCl. Sau khi thu c 336
ml kh H2 (ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 1,68%. Kim loi l
A. Zn.
B. Fe.
C. Ni.
D. Al.
Cu 4. Nhit phn hon ton 3,5 gam mt mui cacbonat kim loi ho tr 2 thu c 1,96 gam
cht rn. Mui cacbonat ca kim loi dng l:
A. FeCO3.
B. BaCO3.
C. MgCO3.
D. CaCO3.
Cu 5. Ho tan hon ton 0,575 gam mt kim loi km vo nc. trung ho dung dch thu
c cn 25 gam dung dch HCl 3,65%. Kim loi ho tan l:
A. Li.
B. K.
C. Na.
D. Rb.
Cu 6. Cho 9,1 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat trung ho ca 2 kim loi kim 2 chu k lin
tip tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt CO2(ktc). Hai kim loi l:
A. K v Cs.
B. Na v K.
C. Li v Na.
D. Rb v Cs.
Cu 7. Ho tan 1,3 gam mt kim loi M trong 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,3M. trung ho
lng axit d cn 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Xc nh kim loi M?
A. Al.
B. Fe.
C. Zn.
D. Mg.
Cu 8. Lng kh clo sinh ra khi cho dung dch HCl c d tc dng vi 6,96 gam MnO2
oxi ho kim loi M (thuc nhm IIA), to ra 7,6 gam mui khan. Kim loi M l:
A. Ba.
B. Mg.
C. Ca.
D. Be.
Cu 9. Ho tan hon ton 2 gam kim loi thuc nhm IIA vo dung dch HCl v sau c cn
dung dch ngi ta thu c 5,55 gam mui khan. Kim loi nhm IIA l:
A. Be.
B. Ba.
C. Ca.
D. Mg.
Cu 10: Cho 1,67 gam hn hp gm hai kim loi 2 chu k lin tip thuc nhm IIA tc dng
ht vi dung dch HCl (d), thot ra 0,672 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Hai kim loi l (Mg= 24, Ca=
40, Sr= 87, Ba = 137)
A. Be v Mg.
B. Mg v Ca.
C. Sr v Ba.
D. Ca v Sr.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 11. Khi in phn mui clorua kim loi nng chy, ngi ta thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc)
anot v 3,12 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc mui clorua in phn l
A. NaCl.
B. CaCl2.
C. KCl.
D. MgCl2.
Cu 12. Cho 19,2 gam kim loi (M) tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO3 long th thu c
4,48 lt kh NO (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht). Kim loi (M) l:
A. Cu.
B. Zn.
C. Fe.
D. Mg.
DNG 4: KIM LOI TC DNG VI DUNG DCH MUI
Cu 1. Ho tan 58 gam CuSO4. 5H2O vo nc c 500ml dung dch CuSO4. Cho dn dn mt
st vo 50 ml dung dch trn, khuy nh cho ti khi dung dch ht mu xanh th lng mt st
dng l:
A. 0,65g.
B. 1,2992g.
C. 1,36g.
D. 12,99g.
Cu 2. Ngm mt inh st sch trong 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 sau khi phn ng kt thc, ly
inh st ra khi dung dch ra nh lm kh nhn thy khi lng inh st tng thm 0,8 gam.
Nng mol/lt ca dung dch CuSO4 dng l:
A. 0,25M.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,3M.
D. 0,5M.
Cu 3. Ngm mt l km vo dung dch c ho tan 8,32 gam CdSO4. Phn ng xong ly l km
ra khi dung dch, ra nh, lm kh th thy khi lng l km tng thm 2,35% so vi khi
lng l km trc phn ng. Khi lng l km trc phn ng l:
A. 80gam
B. 60gam
C. 20gam
D. 40gam
Cu 4. Nhng mt inh st c khi lng 8 gam vo 500ml dung dch CuSO4 2M. Sau mt thi
gian ly inh st ra cn li thy nng 8,8 gam. Nng mol/l ca CuSO4 trong dung dch sau
phn ng l:
A. 0,27M
B. 1,36M
C. 1,8M
D. 2,3M
Cu 5: Ngm l km trong dung dch cha 0,1 mol CuSO 4. Phn ng xong thy khi lng l
km:
A. tng 0,1 gam. B. tng 0,01 gam. C. gim 0,1 gam. D. khng thay i.
Cu 6: Ho tan hon ton 28 gam bt Fe vo dung dch AgNO3 d th khi lng cht rn thu c
A. 108 gam.
B. 162 gam.
C. 216 gam.
D. 154 gam.
Cu 7: Nhng 1 thanh nhm nng 50 gam vo 400ml dung dch CuSO4 0,5M. Sau mt thi gian
ly thanh nhm ra cn nng 51,38 gam. Hi khi lng Cu thot ra l bao nhiu?
A. 0,64gam.
B. 1,28gam.
C. 1,92gam.
D. 2,56gam.
Cu 8: Ngm mt l Fe trong dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi gian phn ng ly l Fe ra ra nh
lm kh, em cn thy khi lng tng thm 1,6 gam. Khi lng Cu bm trn l Fe l bao
nhiu gam?
A. 12,8 gam.
B. 8,2 gam.
C. 6,4 gam.
D. 9,6 gam.
Cu 9: Ngm mt l km trong 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,1M. Khi phn ng kt thc, khi
lng l km tng thm
A. 0,65 gam.
B. 1,51 gam.
C. 0,755 gam.
D. 1,3 gam.
DNG 5: NHIT LUYN
Cu 1: Cho V lt hn hp kh ( ktc) gm CO v H2 phn ng vi mt lng d hn hp rn
gm CuO v Fe3O4 nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng hn hp rn
gim 0,32 gam. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,448.
B. 0,112.
C. 0,224.
D. 0,560.
Cu 2: Dn t t V lt kh CO ( ktc) i qua mt ng s ng lng d hn hp rn gm CuO,
Fe2O3 ( nhit cao). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c kh X. Dn ton b
kh X trn vo lng d dung dch Ca(OH)2 th to thnh 4 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,120.
B. 0,896.
C. 0,448.
D. 0,224.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 3: Cho kh CO kh hon ton n Fe mt hn hp gm: FeO, Fe 2O3, Fe3O4 thy c 4,48 lt

CO2 (ktc) thot ra. Th tch CO (ktc) tham gia phn ng l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 4: Thi mt lung kh CO i qua ng s ng m gam hn hp Fe 3O4 v CuO nung nng
thu c 2,32 gam hn hp rn. Ton b kh thot ra cho hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch
Ca(OH)2 d thu c 5 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 3,22 gam.
B. 3,12 gam.
C. 4,0 gam.
D. 4,2 gam.
Cu 5: kh hon ton 30 gam hn hp CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MgO cn dng 5,6 lt kh
CO ( ktc). Khi lng cht rn sau phn ng l
A. 28 gam.
B. 26 gam.
C. 22 gam.
D. 24 gam.
Cu 6: Kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe 2O3 cn 2,24 lt CO ( ktc). Khi
lng st thu c l
A. 5,6 gam.
B. 6,72 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 8,0 gam.
Cu 7: Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al 2O3 nung nng n khi
phn ng hon ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l
A. 0,8 gam.
B. 8,3 gam.
C. 2,0 gam.
D. 4,0 gam.
Cu 8. Cho dng kh CO d i qua hn hp (X) cha 31,9 gam gm Al 2O3, ZnO, FeO v CaO
th thu c 28,7 gam hn hp cht rn (Y). Cho ton b hn hp cht rn (Y) tc dng vi
dung dch HCl d thu c V lt H2 (kc). Gi tr V l
A. 5,60 lt.
B. 4,48 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 2,24 lt.
Cu 9. kh hon ton 45 gam hn hp gm CuO, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe v MgO cn dng va
8,4 lt CO (ktc). Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l:
A. 39g
B. 38g
C. 24g
D. 42g
DNG 6: IN PHN
Cu 1. Khi cho dng in mt chiu I=2A qua dung dch CuCl 2 trong 10 pht. Khi lng ng
thot ra catod l
A. 40 gam.
B. 0,4 gam.
C. 0,2 gam.
D. 4 gam.
Cu 2. in phn n ht 0,1 mol Cu(NO 3)2 trong dung dch vi in cc tr, th sau in phn
khi lng dung dch gim bao nhiu gam?
A. 1,6 gam.
B. 6,4 gam.
C. 8,0 gam.
D. 18,8 gam.
Cu 3. in phn dng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat kim loi ho tr 2 vi cng dng
in 3A. Sau 1930 giy thy khi lng catot tng 1,92 gam. Mui sunfat in phn l
A. CuSO4.
B. NiSO4.
C. MgSO4.
D. ZnSO4.
Cu 4. in phn hon ton 1 lt dung dch AgNO3 vi 2 in cc tr thu c mt dung dch
c pH= 2. Xem th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k th lng Ag bm catod l:
A. 0,54 gam.
B. 0,108 gam.
C. 1,08 gam.
D. 0,216 gam.
Cu 5: in phn 200 ml dung dch mui CuSO4 trong thi gian, thy khi lng dung dch
gim 8 gam. Dung dch sau in phn cho tc dng vi dd H2S d thu c 9,6g kt ta en.
Nng mol ca dung dch CuSO4 ban u l
A. 1M.
B.0,5M.
C. 2M.
D. 1,125M.
Cu 6: in phn dung dch AgNO3 (in cc tr) trong thi gian 15 pht, thu c 0,432 gam
Ag catot. Sau lm kt ta ht ion Ag+ cn li trong dung dch sau in phn cn dng 25
ml dung dch NaCl 0,4M. Cng dng in v khi lng AgNO3 ban u l (Ag=108)
A. 0,429 A v 2,38 gam.
B. 0,492 A v 3,28 gam.
C. 0,429 A v 3,82 gam.
D. 0,249 A v 2,38 gam.
Cu 7: in phn 200 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,4M (in cc tr) trong thi gian 4 gi, cng
dng in l 0,402A. Nng mol/l cc cht c trong dung dch sau in phn l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. AgNO3 0,15M v HNO3 0,3M.

B. AgNO3 0,1M v HNO3 0,3M.
C. AgNO3 0,1M
D. HNO3 0,3M
Cu 8: Sau mt thi gian in phn 200 ml dung dch CuCl2 thu c 1,12 lt kh X ( ktc).
Ngm inh st vo dung dch sau in phn, khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thy khi lng
inh st tng thm 1,2 gam. Nng mol ca CuCl2 ban u l
A. 1M.
B. 1,5M.
C. 1,2M.
D. 2M.
Cu 9: in phn bng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat ca kim loi ho tr II vi dng in
c cng 6A. Sau 29 pht in phn thy khi lng catot tng ln 3,45 gam. Kim loi l:
A. Zn.
B. Cu.
C. Ni.
D. Sn.
Cu 10: in phn 400 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2M vi cng dng in 10A trong 1 thi
gian thu c 0,224 lt kh (kc) anot. Bit in cc dng l in cc tr v hiu sut in
phn l 100%. Khi lng catot tng l
A. 1,28 gam.
B. 0,32 gam.
C. 0,64 gam.
D. 3,2 gam.
CC CNG THC GII NHANH TRC NGHIM HO HC
I.PHN V C:
1. Tnh lng kt ta xut hin khi hp th ht lng CO2 vo dd Ca(OH)2 hoc Ba(OH)2:
nkt ta=nOH- nCO2
(k:nkta<nCO2)
2. Tnh lng kt ta xut hin khi hp th ht lng CO 2 vo dd cha hn hp NaOH v

Ca(OH)2 hoc Ba(OH)2:
nCO3- = nOH- nCO2
(k:nCO3-<nCO2)
So snh vi nBa2+ hoc nCa2+ xem cht no phn ng
3. Tnh VCO2 cn hp th ht
ht
vo dd Ca(OH)2 hoc Ba(OH)2
thu c lng kt ta theo yu cu: phi c 2 kt qu

+) nCO2 = nkta
+) nCO2 = nOH- nkta
4. Tnh Vdd NaOH cn cho vo dd Al3+ xut hin lng kt ta theo yu cu: phi c 2 kt qu
+) nOH- = 3nkta
+) nOH- = 4n Al3+ nkta
5. Tnh Vdd HCl cn cho vo dd Na[Al(OH)]4 (hoc NaAlO2) xut hin lng kt ta theo yu
cu:phi c 2 kt qu
+) nH+ = nkta
+) nH+ = 4nNa[Al(OH)]4- 3nkta
6.Tnh Vdd NaOH cn cho vo dd Zn2+ xut hin lng kt ta theo yu cu:phi c 2 kt qu
+) nOH- = 2nkta
+) nOH- = 4nZn2+ 2nkta
GV: Hnh Tho-
7. Tnh khi lng mui sunfat thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp kim loi bng H 2SO4 long
gii phng H2:
msunfat = mh2 + 96nH2
8. Tnh khi lng mui clorua thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp kim loi bng dd HCl gii
phng H2:
m clorua = mh2 +71nH2
9. Tnh khi lng mui sunfat thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp oxit kim loi bng H 2SO4
long:
msunfat = mh2 + 80nH2SO4
10.Tnh khi lng mui clorua thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp oxit kim loi bng dd HCl:
m clorua = mh2 +27,5nHCl
11. Tnh khi lng mui clorua thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp kim loi bng dd HCl va
:
m clorua = mh2 +35,5nHCl
12. Tnh khi lng mui sunfat thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp cc kim loi bng H 2SO4
c,nng gii phng kh SO2 :
mMui= mkl +96nSO2
13. Tnh khi lng mui sunfat thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp cc kim loi bng H 2SO4
c,nng gii phng kh SO2 , S, H2S:
mMui= mkl + 96(nSO2 + 3nS+4nH2S)
14. Tnh s mol HNO3 cn dng ha tan hn hp cc kim loi:
Lu :
nHNO3 = 4nNO + 2nNO2 + 10nN2O +12nN2 +10nNH4NO3

+) Khng to ra kh no th s mol kh bng 0.
+) Gi tr nHNO3 khng ph thuc vo s kim loi trong hn hp.
+)Ch khi tc dng vi Fe3+ v Fe kh Fe3+ v Fe2+ nn s mol HNO3 dng
ho tan hn hp kim loi nh hn so vi tnh theo cng thc trn. V th phi ni r HNO3 d
bao nhiu %.
15. Tnh s mol H2 SO4 c,nng cn dng ho tan 1 hn hp kim loi da theo SO2 duy
nht:
nH2SO4 = 2nSO2
16. Tnh khi lng mui nitrat kim loi thu c khi cho hn hp cc kim loi tc dng HNO3(
khng c s to thnh NH4NO3):
GV: Hnh Tho-
Lu :
mmui = mkl + 62( 3nNO + nNO2 + 8nN2O +10nN2)

+) Khng to ra kh no th s mol kh bng 0.
+) Nu c s to thnh NH 4NO3 th cng thm vo mNH4NO3 c trong dd sau phn
ng. Khi nn gii theo cch cho nhn electron.

+) Ch khi tc dng vi Fe3+,HNO3 phi d.
17. Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi cho hn hp st v cc oxit st tc dng vi HNO 3 d
gii phng kh NO:
mMui= (mh2 + 24nNO)
18. Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp gm Fe,FeO, Fe 2O3,Fe3O4 bng
HNO3 c,nng,d gii phng kh NO2:
mMui= (mh2 + 8nNO2)
Lu : Dng ton ny, HNO3 phi d mui thu c l Fe(III).Khng c ni HNO 3
v Fe d s kh Fe3+ v Fe2+ :
Nu gii phng hn hp NO v NO2 th cng thc l:
mMui= (mh2 + 8nNO2 +24nNO)
19. Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi ho tan ht hn hp gm Fe,FeO, Fe 2O3,Fe3O4 bng
H2SO4 c,nng,d gii phng kh SO2:
mMui= (mh2 + 16nSO2)
20. Tnh khi lng st dng ban u, bit oxi ho lng st ny bng oxi c hn hp rn
X. Ho tan ht rn X trong HNO3 long d c NO:
mFe= (mh2 + 24nNO)
21. Tnh khi lng st dng ban u, bit oxi ho lng st ny bng oxi c hn hp rn
X. Ho tan ht rn X trong HNO3 long d c NO2:
mFe= (mh2 + 8nNO2)
22.Tnh VNO( hoc NO2) thu c khi cho hn hp sn phm sau phn ng nhit nhm(hon
ton hoc khng hon ton) tc dng vi HNO3:
nNO = [3nAl + (3x -2y)nFexOy
nNO2 = 3nAl + (3x -2y)nFexOy
23. Tnh pH ca dd axit yu HA:
GV: Hnh Tho-
pH = (log Ka + logCa) hoc pH = log( Ca)
(Vi l in li ca axit trong dung
dch.)
Lu : cng thc ny ng khi Ca khng qu nh (Ca > 0,01M)
24. Tnh pH ca dd hn hp gm axit yu HA v mui NaA:
pH = (log Ka + log )
( Dd trn c gi l dd m)
25. Tnh pH ca dd axit yu BOH:

pH = 14 + (log Kb + logCb)
26. Tnh hiu sut phn ng tng hp NH3 :
(Tng hp NH3 t hn hp gm N2 v H2 vi t l mol tng ng l 1:3)
H% = 2 2
(Vi X l t khi ban u v Y l t khi sau)
Lu : % VNH3 trong Y c tnh:
%VNH3 = 1
27. Xc nh kim loi M c hiroxit lng tnh da vo phn ng dd Mn+ vi dd kim.
D M l kim loi no trong cc kim loi c hiroxit lng tnh (Zn,Cr,Sn,Pb, Be) th s mol
OH- dng Mn+ kt ta ton b sau tan va ht cng c tnh l :
nOH- = 4nMn+ = 4nM
28. Xc nh kim loi M c hiroxit lng tnh da vo phn ng dd M n+ vi dd MO2n-4 (hay
[M(OH)4] n-4) vi dd axit:
D M l kim loi no trong cc kim loi c hiroxit lng tnh (Zn,Cr,Sn,Pb, Be) th s mol H +
dng kt ta M(OH)n xut hin ti a sau tan va ht cng c tnh l :
nH+ = 4nMO2n-4 = 4n[M(OH)4] n-4
29.Tnh m gam Fe3O4 khi dn kh CO qua,nung nng mt thi gian, ri ho tan ht hn hp rn
sau phn ng bng HNO3 long d c kh NO l duy nht:
m = ( mx + 24nNO)
Lu : Khi lng Fe2O3 khi dn kh CO qua,nung nng mt thi gian, ri ho tan ht hn
hp rn sau phn ng bng HNO3 long d c kh NO l duy nht:
m = ( mx + 24nNO)
30. Tnh m gam Fe3O4 khi dn kh CO qua,nung nng mt thi gian, ri ho tan ht hn hp rn
sau phn ng bng H2SO4 c, nng, d c kh SO2 l duy nht:
m = ( mx + 16nSO2)
GV: Hnh Tho-
Lu : Khi lng Fe2O3 khi dn kh CO qua,nung nng mt thi gian, ri ho tan ht hn

hp rn sau phn ng bng H2SO4 c, nng, d c kh SO2 l duy nht:
m = ( mx + 16nSO2)
II.PHN HU C:
31. Tnh hiu sut phn ng hiro ho nken:
Tin hnh phn ng hiro ha anken CnH2n t hn hp X gm anken CnH2n v H2 (t l 1:1) c
hn hp Y th hiu sut hiro ho l:
H% = 2 2
32. Tnh hiu sut phn ng hiro ha anehit n chc no:
Tin hnh phn ng hiro ha anehit n chc no C nH2nO t hn hp hi X gm anehit
CnH2nO v H2 (t l 1:1) c hn hp hi Y th hiu sut hiro ho l:
H% = 2 2
33. Tnh % ankan A tham gia phn ng tch(bao gm phn ng hiro ho ankan v phn ng
cracking ankan:
Tin hnh phn ng tch ankan A,cng thc C2H2n+2 c hn hp X gm H2 v cc
hirocacbon th % ankan A phn ng l:
A% = 1
34. Xc nh cng thc phn t ankan A da vo phn ng tch ca A:
Tin hnh phn ng tch V(l) hi ankan A,cng thc C 2H2n+2 c V hi hn hp X gm H 2 v
cc hirocacbon th ta c:
MA = MX
35.Tnh s ng phn ancol n chc no:
S ng phn ancol CnH2n+2O = 2n-2
(1<n < 6)
36.Tnh s ng phn anehit n chc no:

S ng phn anehit CnH2nO = 2n-3
(2< n < 7)
GV: Hnh Tho-
37.Tnh s ng phn axit cacboxylic n chc no:

(2
S ng phn axit CnH2nO2 = 2n-3

<n < 7)
38.Tnh s ng phn este n chc no:
(1 <n < 5)
S ng phn este CnH2nO2 = 2n-2

39. Tnh s ete n chc no:
S ng phn ete CnH2nO = (n 1)( n 2)
(2 <n < 6)
40. Tnh s ng phn xeton n chc no:

S ng phn xeton CnH2nO = (n 2)( n
(2 <n < 7)
3)
41. Tnh s ng phn amin n chc no:

(n <
S ng phn amin CnH2n +3N =2n -1

5)
42. Tnh s C ca ancol no hoc ankan da vo phn ng chy:
s C ca ancol no hoc ankan =

43.Tm cng thc phn t ancol no, mch h da vo t l mol gia ancol v O 2 trong phn ng
chy:
Gi s t chy hon ton 1 mol ancol no, mch h A, cng thc CnH2n +2Ox cn k mol th ta c:
n=
(xn)
44. Tnh khi lng ancol n chc no( hoc hn hp ancol n chc no )theo khi lng CO 2
v khi lng H2O:
GV: Hnh Tho-
mancol = mH2O
Lu : Khi lng ancol n chc( hoc hn hp ancol n chc no ) cn c tnh:
mancol = 18nH2O 4nCO2
45. Tnh s i, tri, tetra , n peptit ti a to bi hn hp gm x amino axit khc nhau:
S n peptitmax = xn
46. Tnh s trigilxerit to bi gilxerol vi cc axit cacboxylic bo:
S trieste =
47. Tnh s ete to bi hn hp n ancol n chc:
S ete =
48. Tnh khi lung amino axit A ( cha n nhm NH 2 v m nhm COOH ) khi cho amino axit
ny vo dung dch cha a mol HCl, sau cho dung dch sau phn ng tc dng va vi b
mol NaOH:
mA =
(NH2)nR(COOH)m
Lu : ( A): Amino axit (NH2)nR(COOH)m.

+) HCl (1:n) mui c M = MA + 36,5x.
+) NaOH (1:m) mui c M = MA + 22x.
49. Tnh khi lung amino axit A ( cha n nhm NH 2 v m nhm COOH ) khi cho amino axit
ny vo dung dch cha a mol NaOH, sau cho dung dch sau phn ng tc dng va vi b
mol HCl:
mA =
Lu :
(NH2)nR(COOH)m
+) Lysin: NH2(CH2)4CH(NH2)COOH.
+) Axit glutamic: H2NC3H5(COOH)2.
50. Tnh s lin kt ca hp cht hu c mch h A, cng thc C xHy hoc CxHyOz da vo
mi lin quan gia s mol CO2; H2O thu c khi t chy A:
A l CxHy hoc CxHyOz mch h,chy cho nCO2 nH2O = k.nA th A c s
= k +1
Lu : Hp cht CxHyOzNtClu c s max = .
GV: Hnh Tho-
51. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca mt anken da vo phn t khi ca hn hp anken v H 2

trc v sau khi dn qua bt Ni nung nng: (Phn ng hiro ho)
n=
Lu :
+ M1 l phn t khi hn hp anken v H2 ban u.

+ M2 l phn t khi hn hp sau phn ng, khng lm mt mu dd Br2.
+ Cng thc ca ankin da vo phn ng hiro ho l:
n=
THI MINH HA
B GIO DC V O TO
K THI TT NGHIP THPT 2007
Cu 1. Cho cc kim loi: Fe, Al, Mg, Cu, Zn, Ag. S kim loi tc dng c vi dd H2SO4
long l:
A. 5.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 6
Cu 2. Khi cho 12 gam hn hp Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), th tch kh H2 sinh
ra l 2,24 lt ( ktc). Phn kim loi khng tan c khi lng l
(Cho H
= 1, Fe = 56, Cu = 64).
A. 5,6 gam.
B. 2,8 gam.
C. 3,2 gam.
D. 6,4 gam.
Cu 3. Kim loi khng tc dng vi H2O nhit thng l
A. Na.
B. Fe.
C. Ba.
D. K.
Cu 4. S hp cht este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l:
A. 5. B. 3. C. 4. D. 2.
Cu 5. S hp cht hu c n chc, c cng thc phn t C2H4O2 v tc dng c vi dung
dch NaOH l: A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 6. lm mt tnh cng ca nc, c th dng:
A. NaHSO4.
B. Na2SO4.
C. NaNO3.
D. Na2CO3
Cu 7. Cp cht no sau y c th phn ng c vi nhau?
A. CH3COOC2H5 v dung dch NaOH.
B. Dung dch CH3COOH v dd NaCl.
C. CH3CH2OH v dung dch NaNO3.
D. C2H6 v CH3CHO.
Cu 8. Th tch kh H2 thu c ( ktc) khi cho 0,46 gam Na phn ng ht vi ru etylic l:
A. 0,672 lt.
B. 0,112 lt.
C. 0,560 lt.
D. 0,224 lt.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 9. Khi lu trong khng kh m mt vt lm bng st ty (st trng thic) b sy st su

ti lp st bn trong s xy ra qu trnh:
A. Fe b n mn in ha.
B. Sn b n mn in ha.
C. Fe b n mn ha hc.
D. Fe v Sn u b n mn in ha.
Cu 10.Cht no di y c th tc dng vi nc brom?
A. Axit axetic.
B. Axit acrylic.
C. Axit clohyric.
D. Benzen.
Cu 11. Khi cho andehit no, n chc, mch h phn ng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng) thu
c
A. Axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h. B. Ru no, n chc, mch h, bc 1.
C. Ru no, n chc, mch h, bc 3.
D. Ru no, n chc, mch h, bc 2.
Cu 12. Cng thc chung ca cc oxit kim loi nhm IA l:
A. RO2.
B. R2O.
C. RO.
D. R2O3.
Cu 13. Phenol lng v ancol etylic u phn ng c vi
A. Kim loi Na.
B. Dung dch Na2CO3.
C. Dung dch Br2.
D. DD NaOH.
Cu 14. Este X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, un nng to ra ru metylic v natri axetat.
Cng thc cu to ca X l:
A. HCOOCH3. B. CH3COOC2H5.
C. CH3COOCH3. D. C2H5COOCH3.
Cu 15. Glucoz khng phn ng c vi
A. C2H5OH iu kin thng.
B. H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng).
C. Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng.
D. Ag2O trong dung dch NH3, un nng.
Cu 16. phn bit dung dch anehit fomic v ancol etylic c th dng
A. Dung dch NaOH.
B. Ag2O trong dung dch NH3, un nng.
C. Dung dch HCl.
D. Giy qu tm.
Cu 17. Cho cc cht glixerol, natri axetat, dung dch glucoz, ru etylic. S cht c th phn
ng c vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng l :A. 2.
B. 4. C. 3.
D. 1.
Cu 18. tch c Fe2O3 ra khi hn hp vi Al2O3 c th cho hn hp tc dng l
A. Dung dch NaOH (d).
B. Dung dch HNO3 (d).
C. Dung dch HCl (d).
D. Dung dch NH3 (d).
Cu 19. Kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch st (II) clorua l
A. Cu.
B. Pb.
C. Zn.
D. Fe.
Cu 20.
Trong cng nghip, NaOH c iu ch bng phng php
A. in phn dung dch NaCl bo ha, c mng ngn xp ngn 2 in cc.
B. in phn NaCl nng chy.
C. cho Na phn ng vi nc.
D. cho ntri oxit tc dng vi nc.
Cu 21. Nguyn t ca nguyn t Mg (Z =12) c cu hnh electron l
A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 3p2. B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3p2.
C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2.
D. 1s2 2p6 3s2 3p2.
Cu 22. Trong cng nghip, kim loi nhm c iu ch bng cch
A. Nhit phn Al2O3.
B. in phn Al2O3 nng chy.
C. Nhit phn AlCl3 nng chy.
D. in phn dung dch AlCl3 .
Cu 23. Hai cht u c th tham gia phn ng trng ngng l
A. H2N[CH2]6NH2 v H2N[CH2]5COOH.
B. C6H5CH=CH2 v H2NCH2COOH.
C. H2N[CH2]5COOH v CH2=CHCOOH. D. C6H5CH=CH2 v H2N[CH2]6NH2.
Cu 24. Polietilen c tng hp t monome c cng thc cu to
A. CH2=CHCH=CH2 B. CH2=CHCl.
C. CH2=CH2.
D. CH2=CHCH3.
GV: Hnh Tho-
Cu 25. Kim loi khng b ha tan trong dung dch axit HNO3 c, ngui nhng tan c trong
dung dch NaOH l: A. Mg.
B. Al.
C. Pb.
D. Fe.
Cu 26. Th tch kh clo ( ktc) cn dung phn ng hon ton vi 5,4 gam Al l (Cho Al =
27, Cl = 35,5)
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 8,96 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
Cu 27. Dung dch Na2CO3 phn ng c vi
A. CH3COOK.
B. C3H5(OH)3.
C. CH3COOH.
D. C2H5OH.
Cu 28. Khi cho 3,75 gam axit aminoaxetic (H2NCH2COOH) tc dng ht vi dung dch
NaOH, khi lng mui to thnh l (Cho H=1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. 9,70 gam.
B. 4,50 gam.
C. 10,00 gam.
D. 4,85 gam.
2+
2+
Cu 29. C cn dung dch X cha cc ion Mg , Ca v HCO3 , thu c cht rn Y. Nung Y
nhit cao n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn Z gm
A. MgO v CaCO3.
B. MgCO3 v CaCO3. C. MgO v CaO.
D. MgCO3 v CaO.
Cu 30. Th tch kh NO (gi s l sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) sinh ra khi cho 1,92 gam
bt Cu tc dng vi axit HNO3 long (d) l (Cho N = 14, O = 16, Cu = 64).
A. 0,672 lt.
B. 0,224 lt.
C. 1,120 lt.
D. 0,448 lt.
Cu 31. Cho bn dung dch mui: Fe(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3, Pb(NO3)2. Kim loi no di
y tc dng c vi c 4 dung dch mui trn?
A. Fe.
B. Pb.
C. Zn.
D. Cu.
Cu 32. Th tch kh CO ( ktc) cn dung kh hon ton 16 gam bt Fe2O3 thnh Fe l
(Cho C = 12, O =16, Fe = 56)
A. 3,36 lt.
B. 7,84 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 2,24 lt.
Cu 33. phn bit 3 dung dch long NaCl, MgCl2, AlCl3 c th dng
A. dung dch NaOH B. dung dch H2SO4. C. dung dch Na2SO4.
D. dd NaNO3.
Cu 34. Cho phng trnh ha hc ca 2 phn ng sau:
2Al(OH)3 +
3H2SO4
= Al2(SO4)3 +
6H2O
Al(OH)3
+
KOH
= KAlO2 +
2H2O
Hai phn ng trn chng t Al(OH)3 l cht
A. C tnh baz v tnh kh.
B. Va c tnh oxi ha, va c tnh kh
C. C tnh axit v tnh kh.
D. C tnh lng tnh.
Cu 35. t chy hon ton cht hu c X no, n chc, mch h (cha C, H, O) thu c s
mol nc ln hn s mol CO2. X thuc loi:
A. Este no, n chc, mch h.
B. Ru no, n chc, mch h.
C. Axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h.
D. Anehit no, n chc, mch h.
Cu 36. Hai cht hu c n chc X, Y u c cng thc phn t C2H4O2 . X tc dng vi Na
v NaOH. Y tc dng NaOH.. Vy Y c th l:
A. Axit axetic.
B. Metyl fomat.
C. Axit fomic.
D. etyl axetat.
Cu 37. Glucoz c th phn ng c vi:
A. Na2SO4.
B. H2O.
C. Cu(OH)2.
D. NaOH.
Cu 38. Cho 3,7 gam este no, n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi dung dch KOH, thu c
mui v 2,3 gam ancol etylic. Cng thc ca este l (Cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. CH3COOC2H5.
B. C2H5COOC2H5.
C. C2H5COOCH3.
D. HCOOC2H5.
Cu 39. Khi cho bt Fe3O4 tc dng vi lng d dung dch H2SO4 c, nng thu c dung
dch cha
A. Fe2(SO4)3 v H2SO4.
B. Fe2(SO4)3, FeSO4 v H2SO4.
GV: Hnh Tho-
C. FeSO4 v H2SO4.
D. Fe2(SO4)3.
Cu 40. Cho 8,8 gam mt este, no, n chc, mch h tc dng hon ton vi dd NaOH thu
c 6,2 gam mui khan. Este c cng thc (Cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Ag = 108)
A. CH3COOC2H5.
B. HCOOC2H5.
C. CH3COOCH3.
D. HCOOC3H7.
K THI TT NGHIP TRUNG HC PH THNG NM 2010
Mn thi : HA HC - Gio dc trung hc ph thng
Cho bit nguyn t khi (theo u) ca cc nguyn t : H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23;
Al = 27; Cl=35,5; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Ag = 108
I. Phn chung cho tt c th sinh (32 cu, t cu 1 n cu 32)
Cu 1 : Qung boxit l nguyn liu dng iu ch kim loi
A. ng
B. natri
C. nhm
D. ch
Cu 2 : Kim loi khng phn ng c vi nc nhit thng l
A. Li
B. Ca
C. K
D. Be
Cu 3 : Cht lm mm nc c tnh cng ton phn l
A. CaSO4
B. NaCl
C. Na2CO3
D. CaCO3
Cu 4 : Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim th l
A. ns2np2
B. ns2np1
C. ns1
D. ns2
Cu 5 : Protein phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to sn phm c mu c trng l
A. mu da cam
B. mu tm
C. mu vng
D. mu
Cu 6 : Cho m gam glucoz phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3
(un nng), thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 16,2
B. 9,0
C. 36,0
D. 18,0
Cu 7 : Cho dy cc kim loi : K, Mg, Cu, Al. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi dung
dch HCl l
A. 3
B. 1
C. 2
D. 4
Cu 8 : phn ng hon ton vi dung dch cha 7,5 gam H2NCH2COOH cn va V ml
dung dch NaOH 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 100
B. 200
C. 50
D. 150
Cu 9 : Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 thy
A. c kt ta trng v bt kh
B. khng c hin tng g
C. c kt ta trng
D. c bt kh thot ra
Cu 10 : Hai cht no sau y u l hiroxit lng tnh ?
A. Ba(OH)2 v Fe(OH)3
B. Cr(OH)3 v Al(OH)3
C. NaOH v Al(OH)3
D. Ca(OH)2 v Cr(OH)3
Cu 11 : Vinyl axetat c cng thc l
A. CH3COOCH3
B. C2H5COOCH3
C. HCOOC2H5
D. CH3COOCH=CH2
Cu 12 : Cht no sau y va phn ng c vi dung dch KOH, va phn ng c vi
dung dch HCl?
A. C6H5NH2 B. H2NCH(CH3)COOH C. CH3COOH
D. C2H5OH
Cu 13 : Cht c tnh lng tnh l
A. NaOH
B. KNO3
C. NaHCO3
D. NaCl
Cu 14 : Kim loi Al khng phn ng c vi dung dch
A. H2SO4 (c, ngui) B. KOH
C. NaOH
D. H2SO4 (long)
Cu 15 : Cho dy cc kim loi : Mg, Cr, Na, Fe. Kim loi cng nht trong dy l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. Fe
B. Mg
C. Cr
D. Na
Cu 16 : Cho 15 gam hn hp bt kim loi Zn v Cu vo dung dch HCl (d). Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 (kc) v m gam kim loi khng tan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,0
B. 6,4
C. 8,5
D. 2,2
Cu 17 : X phng ha hon ton 17,6 gam CH3COOC2H5 trong dung dch NaOH (va ), thu
c dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 16,4
B. 19,2
C. 9,6
D. 8,2
Cu 18 : kh hon ton 8,0 gam bt Fe2O3 bng bt Al ( nhit cao, trong iu kin
khng c khng kh) th khi lng bt nhm cn dng l
A. 8,1 gam
B. 1,35 gam
C. 5,4 gam
D. 2,7 gam
Cu 19 : Cht no sau y khng tham gia phn ng thy phn?
A. Protein
B. Saccaroz
C. Glucoz
D. Tinh bt
Cu 20 : Dung dch lm qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh l
A. C2H5OH
B. H2NCH2COOH C. CH3COOH
D. CH3NH2
Cu 21 : Cho dy cc cht: CH2=CHCl, CH2=CH2, CH2=CH-CH=CH2, H2NCH2COOH. S cht
trong dy c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l
A. 1
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
Cu 22 : Trong t nhin,canxi sunfat tn ti di dng mui ngm nc (CaSO4.2H2O) c
gi l
A. Thch cao sng B. vi
C. Thch cao khan
D. Thch cao nung
Cu 23 : iu ch kim loi K bng phng php
A. dng kh CO kh ion K+ trong K2O nhit cao
B. in phn dung dch KCl c mng ngn
C. in phn KCl nng chy
D. in phn dung dch KCl khng c mng ngn
Cu 24 : Cht thuc loi cacbohirat l
A. xenluloz
B. protein
C. poli(vinyl clorua)
D. glixerol
Cu 25 : Kim loi Fe phn ng c vi dung dch
A. CuSO4
B. Na2CO3
C. CaCl2
D. KNO3
Cu 26: Ha tan hon ton 2,7 gam Al bng dung dch HNO3 (long, d), thu c V lt kh
NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24.
B. 4,48.
C. 3,36.
D. 1,12.
Cu 27: Cho dy cc cht : CH3COOCH3, C2H5OH, H2NCH2COOH, CH3NH2. S cht trong
dy phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 28: Cng thc ha hc ca st (III) hiroxit l
A. Fe2O3.
B. FeO.
C. Fe(OH)3.
D. Fe(OH)2
Cu 29: Cho dy cc kim loi kim: Na, K, Rb, Cs. Kim loi trong dy c nhit nng chy
thp nht l
A. Na.
B. K.
C. Rb.
D. Cs.
Cu 30: Cho dy cc dung dch: glucoz, saccaroz, etanol, glixerol. S dung dch trong dy
phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam l
A. 1.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Cu 31: Dy cc kim loi c xp theo chiu gim dn tnh kh l:
A. Zn, Cu, K.
B. K, Zn, Cu.
C. K, Cu, Zn.
D. Cu, K, Zn.
Cu 32: Cht khng phi axit bo l
GV: Hnh Tho-
A. axit axetic.
B. axit stearic.
C. axit oleic.
D. axit panmitic.
II. PHN RING - PHN T CHN (8 cu)
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (8 cu, t cu 33 n cu 40)
Cu 33: phn bit dung dch Na2SO4 vi dung dch NaCl, ngi ta dng dung dch
A. NaOH.
B. BaCl2.
C. KNO3.
D. HCl.
Cu 34: Dy gm cc hp cht c sp xp theo th t tng dn lc baz l:
A. CH3NH2, C6H5NH2 (anilin), NH3.
B. NH3, C6H5NH2 (anilin), CH3NH2.
C. C6H5NH2 (anilin), CH3NH2, NH3.
D. C6H5NH2 (anilin), NH3, CH3NH2.
Cu 35: Polime c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng l
A. nilon-6,6.
B. poli(metyl metacrylat).
C. poli(vinyl clorua).
D. polietilen.
Cu 36: Kim loi Fe phn ng c vi dung dch no sau y to thnh mui st (III)?
A. Dung dch HNO3 (long, d). B. Dung dch H2SO4 (long).
C. Dung dch HCl.
D. Dung dch CuSO4.
Cu 37: S oxi ha ca crom trong hp cht Cr2O3 l
A. +4.
B. +6.
C. +2.
D. +3.
Cu 38: Oxit kim loi b kh bi kh CO nhit cao l
A. Al2O3.
B. CuO.
C. K2O.
D. MgO.
Cu 39: Tinh bt thuc loi
A. monosaccarit.
B. polisaccarit.
C. isaccarit.
D. lipit.
Cu 40: Cho CH3COOCH3 vo dung dch NaOH (un nng), sinh ra cc sn phm l
A. CH3COONa v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COONa v CH3OH.
C. CH3COOH v CH3ONa.
D. CH3OH v CH3COOH.
B. Theo chng trnh nng cao (8 cu, t cu 41 n cu 48)
Cu 41: Phn ng gia C2H5OH vi CH3COOH (xc tc H2SO4 c, un nng) l phn ng
A. trng hp. B. este ha. C. x phng ha. D. trng ngng.
Cu 42: Dung dch c pH > 7 l
A. K2SO4.
B. FeCl3.
C. Al2(SO4)3.
D. Na2CO3.
Cu 43: Oxit no di y thuc loi oxit baz?
A. CO.
B. Cr2O3.
C. CuO.
D. CrO3.
Cu 44: T no sau y thuc loi t bn tng hp (t nhn to)?
A. Bng.
B. T visco.
C. T nilon-6,6.
D. T tm.
o
2+
o
2+
Cu 45: Cho E (Zn /Zn) = 0,76V; E (Sn /Sn) = 0,14V. Sut in ng chun ca pin in
ha ZnSn l
A. 0,90V.
B. 0,62V.
C. 0,62V.
D. 0,90V.
Cu 46: S ng phn cu to amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C3H9N l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 47: ng phn ca saccaroz l
A. xenluloz. B. glucoz.
C. fructoz.
D. mantoz.
Cu 48: Khi in phn dung dch CuCl2 iu ch kim loi Cu, qu trnh xy ra catot (cc
m) l
A. Cu Cu2+ + 2e. B. 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e.
C. Cl2 + 2e 2Cl-. D. Cu2+ + 2e Cu.
GV: Hnh Tho-

Tai Lieu On Thi Tot Nghiep Hay 2012

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CHNG 1: ESTE - CHT BO

Phn ng hidro ha cht bo lng :

Cu 11: Este etyl fomiat c cng thc l

CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO +2AgNO3+3NH3 +H2O

CH2OH[CHOH]4COONH4 +2Ag + 2NH4NO3

Cu 1: Trong phn t ca cacbohyrat lun c

To mui hoc b thy phn khi un

Cu 37: Th tch nc brom 3% (d = 1,3g/ml) cn dng iu ch 4,4 gam kt ta 2,4,6

B. CH2=CH2, CH2=CH-CH= CH2, NH2- CH2- COOH.

Cu 28: Cht khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng ngng l :

I CNG KIM LOI - V TR CA KIM LOI TRONG HTTH

GV: Hnh Tho-

Tnh oxi ha ca ion kim loi tng dn

Tnh kh ca kim loi gim dn

Phng trnh phn ng : Yy+ + X Xx+ + Y

I./ Khi nim:

S n mn kim loi l s ph hy kim loi hoc hp kim do tc dng ca cc cht trong mi

c./Tnh lng cht thu c cc in cc

GV: Hnh Tho-

m: Khi lng cht thu c cc in cc

C. Fe v dung dch FeCl3

Cu 53: bo v v tu bin lm bng thp ngi ta thng gn vo v tu (phn ngm di

C. Fe + dung dch FeCl3.

I./ Natri hidroxit NaOH

NaHCO3 & Na2CO3

GV: Hnh Tho-

GV: Hnh Tho-

RCl2 ---> R + Cl2

GV: Hnh Tho-

+ Dng Na2CO3 ( hoc Na3PO4):

GV: Hnh Tho-

GV: Hnh Tho-

Cu 14: Cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l

A. 10,8 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe.

GV: Hnh Tho-

2Fe + 6H2SO4 (c) Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O

GV: Hnh Tho-

Cu 3: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca ion Fe3+?

th 24, thuc nhm VIB, chu k 4

Cu 5: Cho phan ng : NaCrO2 + Br2 + NaOH Na2CrO4 + NaBr + H2O

GV: Hnh Tho-

GV: Hnh Tho-

L oxit baz: tc dung vi axit v oxit axit.

GV: Hnh Tho-

a./ Nhn bit cation Fe3+:

H2S + Pb(NO3)2 PbS+ 2HNO3

B. NHN BIT ION DNG (CATION)

Ba2+ + SO24 BaSO4 ;Ba2+ + CO23

xanh, tan trong dd NH3

Cu(OH)2 + 4NH3 [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2

C. NHN BIT ION M (ANION)

Cl + Ag+ AgCl (ha en ngoi nh sng)

CO32 + Ba2+ BaCO3 (tan trong HCl)

SO23 + Ba2+ BaSO3 (tan trong HCl)

SO24 + Ba2+ BaSO4 (khng tan trong

CO32 + 2H+ CO2 + H2O (khng mi)

SO2 + H2O (mi hc)

H2S (mi trng thi)

C. Dung dch BaCl2

DNG 3 : XC NH CNG THC

Cu 3: Cho kh CO kh hon ton n Fe mt hn hp gm: FeO, Fe 2O3, Fe3O4 thy c 4,48 lt

A. AgNO3 0,15M v HNO3 0,3M.

2. Tnh lng kt ta xut hin khi hp th ht lng CO 2 vo dd cha hn hp NaOH v