PHNG GD&T TAM DNG

THI GIAO LU HC SINH GII LP 8

Nm hc: 2012-2013
Mn: Ha Hc 8
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
thi ny gm 01 trang

CHNH THC

Cu 1. (2,0 im)
1) Ch dng dung dch H2SO4 long hy nhn bit cc cht rn ng trong cc l mt
nhn: MgO, CuO, BaO, Fe2O3.
2) Chn cc cht thch hp in vo ch trng v hon thnh cc phn ng ha hc sau:
a) Ba + H2O
......+ ......
b) Fe3O4 + H2SO4(long)
...... + ....... + H2O
c) MxOy + HCl
........+ H2O
d) Al + HNO3
.....+ NaOb + ....
Cu 2. (2,0 im)
1) Tng s ht proton (P), ntron (N) v electron (E) ca mt nguyn t nguyn t X
l 13. Xc nh nguyn t X?
2) Cho 27,4 gam Ba tc dng vi 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 9,8%.
a) Tnh th tch kh thot ra (ktc).
b) Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch sau phn ng.
Cu 3. (2,25 im)
1) Cho m gam CaS tc dng va vi m 1 gam dung dch axit HBr 9,72% thu c
m2 gam dung dch mui x% v 672 ml kh H2S (ktc). Tnh m, m1, m2, x.
2) Cho V (lt) CO2 (ktc) hp th hon ton vo 400 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 1,5M, sau
phn ng thu c 98,5 gam kt ta. Tnh V?
Cu 4. (1,5 im)
Cho hn hp kh A gm CO2 v O2 c t l th tch tng ng l 5:1.
a) Tnh t khi ca hn hp kh A i vi khng kh.
b) Tnh th tch (ktc) ca 10,5 gam kh A.
Cu 5. (2,25 im)
1) Nhit phn 66,2 gam Pb(NO3)2 thu c 55,4 gam cht rn. Tnh hiu sut ca phn
ng nhit phn. Bit rng Pb(NO3)2 b nhit phn theo phn ng:
Pb(NO3)2

PbO + NO2

+ O2

2) Ha tan hon ton 11,2 gam Fe vo dung dch HNO 3 d, thu c dung dch A v
6,72 lt (ktc) hn hp kh B gm NO v mt kh X vi t l th tch l 1:1. Xc nh kh
X.
(Th sinh c s dng bng h thng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc)
----------------HT----------------Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm.
H tn th sinh..........................................................................SBD:.....................

UBND HUYN TAM DNG

PHNG GD&T

K THI GIAO LU HSG LP 8 NM HC 2012-2013

HNG DN CHM MN: Ha hc 8
(HDC ny gm 03 trang)

CHNH THC
Cu 1: (2 im)
Phn
Ni dung trnh by
Mi cht nhn bit ng c 0,25 im
1)
Cho dung dch H2SO4 long vo cc cht rn:
- Nu thy tan v to dung dch mu xanh l CuO:
1
CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O
- Nu thy tan v to dung dch mu nu l Fe2O3:
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
- Nu thy tan v to kt ta mu trng l BaO:
BaO + H2SO4 BaSO4 + H2O
- Cn li l MgO
MgO + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2O
2)
Ba(OH)2 + H2
a) Ba + 2H2O
1,0
FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + 4H2O
b) Fe3O4 + 4H2SO4(long)
MCl 2y
c) MxOy + 2yHCl
+ yH2O
x

im
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

d) (5a2b)Al + (18a6b)HNO3
(5a2b)Al(NO3)3+ 3NaOb +(9a3b)H2O
Cu 2: ( 2,0 im)
Phn
Ni dung trnh by
1)
- Trong ht nhn nguyn t lun c:
P N 1,5 P (I)
Theo
bi
ra:
P
+
N
+
E
=
13
0,75
Hay 2P + N = 13 (do s P = s E ). Suy ra N = 13 2P thay vo (I)
ta c: P 13 2P 1,5 P
+ Vi P 13 - 2p th P 4,3
+ Vi 13 - 2P 1,5 P th P 3,7
=> 3,7 P 4,3 m P l s nguyn nn P = 4. Vy X l Beri (Be).
2)
27, 4
9,8
= 0, 2 (mol) ; n H2SO4 =
= 0,1(mol)
a) n Ba =
137
98
1,25
BaSO4 + H2
PTHH:
Ba + H2SO4
Trc phn ng:
0,2
0,1
(mol)
Phn ng:
0,1
0,1
0,1
0,1
(mol)
Sau phn ng:
0,1
0
0,1
0,1
(mol)
Sau phn ng cn d 0,1 mol Ba nn Ba s tip tc phn ng vi H2O
trong dung dch:

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
im
0,25
0,25
0,25

0,25

Ba + 2H2O
Ba(OH)2 + H2
0,1

0,1

0,1

(mol)

Tng s mol H2 thu c sau 2 phn ng: n H2 = 0,1 + 0,1 = 0, 2 (mol)

Th tch kh thu c (ktc): VH2 = 0, 2 22, 4 = 4, 48(lt)

0,25

b) Dung dch thu c sau phn ng l dung dch Ba(OH)2.

Khi lng Ba(OH)2 thu c l: m Ba (OH)2 = 0,1171 =17,1(g) .
Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng:

0,25

m dd = 27, 4 + 100 m BaSO4 m H 2 = 27, 4 + 100 0,1 233 0, 2 2 =103, 7 (g)

Nng dung dch sau phn ng:
C%dd Ba(OH)2

0,25

17,1
=
100% 16, 49%
103, 7

Cu 3: (2,25 im)
Phn
1)
1

n H 2S

0,25

Ni dung trnh by
0, 672
=
= 0, 03 ( mol )
22, 4

CaS + 2HBr

CaBr2

im

+ H2S

Theo phng trnh:

n CaS = n CaBr2 = n H2S = 0, 03(mol); n HBr = 0, 06 mol; m HBr = 0, 06 81 = 4,86(g)

m = m CaS = 0, 03 72 = 2,16 (gam); m CaBr2 = 0, 03 200 = 6 (gam)
m1 =

4,86 100
= 50 (gam)
9, 72

m 2 = m ddCaBr2 = 50 + 2,16 34 0, 03 = 51,14 (gam)

n Ba (OH)2

6 100
x = C% CaBr2 =
11, 73(%)
51,14
98,5
= 0, 4 1,5 = 0, 6 (mol) ; n BaCO3 =
= 0,5(mol)
197

0,25

Trng hp 1: Xy ra 1 phn ng (Ba(OH)2 d)

CO2 + Ba(OH)2
BaCO3 + H2O
0,5

0,5

n Ba (OH)(d)
2

0,5

0,25

(mol)

= 0, 6 0,5 = 0,1(mol)
0,25

VCO2 = 0,5 22, 4 =11, 2 (lt)

0,25
0,25

p dng LBTKL:

2)
1,25

0,25

Trng hp 2: Xy ra 2 phn ng (Ba(OH)2 ht)

CO2 + Ba(OH)2
BaCO3 + H2O
0,6

0,6

0,6

0,25

(mol)

V sau phn ng thu c 0,5 mol kt ta nn sau phn ng ny kt ta phi

tan i 0,1 mol theo phn ng:
CO2 + BaCO3 + H2O
Ba(HCO3)2
0,1

0,1

VCO2 = (0, 6 + 0,1) 22, 4 =15, 68(lt)

Cu 4: (1,5 im)
Phn
Ni dung trnh by
a) Gi s mol O2 c trong hn hp A l x (mol)
S mol CO2 c trong A l 5x (mol).
Khi lng mol trung bnh ca hn hp kh A:

0,25
(mol)
0,25
im
0,25

M=

44.5x + 32.x 252x

=
= 42 (g)
6x
6x

0,25

42
1, 45
29
b) ktc: 42 g (tng ng 1mol) hn hp kh A c th tch 22,4 lt.
T khi ca hn hp kh A i vi khng kh: d A / kk =

10,5 22, 4
= 5, 6 (lt)
42

10,5 g hn hp kh A c th tch:
Cu 5: (2,25 im)
Phn
1)
0,75

0,25
0,25
0,5

Ni dung trnh by
66, 2
n Pb( NO3 )2 =
= 0, 2 (mol)
331

im

3 2

Gi s mol Pb(NO ) b nhit phn l a (mol).

o

3 2

2Pb(NO )

2PbO + 4NO

a mol

+ O

a mol

0,25

0,25
3 2

Sau phn ng cht rn gm: (0,2 a) mol Pb(NO ) (d) v a mol PbO

0,25

Theo bi ta c: 331.(0,2 a) + 223a = 55,4

Gii phng trnh tm c: a = 0,1 (mol).

0,1 100%
= 50 (%)
0, 2
6, 72
n hh khi =
= 0,3(mol)
22, 4
H=

2)
1,5

n Fe =

11, 2
= 0, 2 (mol);
56
x

0,25

Gi cng thc kh X l N O .
Theo bi ra th t l s mol hai kh l 1 : 1 nn:

n NO = n N x O y =

0,25

0,3
= 0,15 (mol)
2
0,25

Ta c cc qu trnh cho v nhn e sau:

+3

Fe

Fe

+ 3e

0,2 mol

0,6 mol

+5

3e

+2

0,45 mol

0,15 mol

0,25
0,25
0,25

+5

xN

+ (5x 2y)

NO

0,15.(5x 2y)

0,15 mol

p dng LBT e ta c: 0,45 + 0,15.(5x 2y) = 0,6

5x 2y = 1

x = 1; y = 2 l ph hp. Vy X l NO .

Gim kho ch :
- HDC ch l mt cch gii. HS c th gii theo cch khc, gim kho cn c vo bi
lm c th ca HS cho im.
- im cc phn, cc cu khng lm trn. im ton l tng im ca cc cu thnh
phn.