PHNG GD & T QU SN

T BD HSG HA 9

KIM TRA NH K
HC SINH GII LP 9 CP HUYN (Ln 2)
NM HC 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Cho bit nguyn t khi: H=1; C=12; O=16; Na=23; Mg=24; Al=27; S=32; Cl=35,5; K=39; Ca=40;
Mn=55; Fe=56; Cu=64; Zn=65; Ba=137; Br = 80.
Cu 1. (2,0 im) Cho cc dung dch sau: Ba(NO3)2, K2CO3, MgCl2, KHSO4 v Al2(SO4)3. Nhng cp dung
dch no phn ng c vi nhau? Vit phng trnh ha hc minh ha.
Cu 2. (2,0 im) Cho 10 gam oxit ca kim loi M c ha tr II tc dng va vi dung dch H 2SO4 24,5%
thu c dung dch mui c nng 33,33% (dung dch A). Lm lnh dung dch A thy c 15,625 gam cht
rn X tch ra, phn dung dch bo ha c nng 22,54% (dung dch B). Xc nh kim loi M v cng thc
cht rn X.
Cu 3. (2,0 im) Cho cc kim loi sau: Ba, Mg, Al, Ag. Ch dng mt dung dch axit, hy trnh by phng
php ha hc phn bit cc kim loi trn? Vit phng trnh ha hc minh ha.
Cu 4. (23,0 im) Cho 16 gam hn hp X cha Mg v kim loi M vo dung dch HCl d, sau khi phn ng
kt thc thu c 8,96 lt kh H2 (ktc). Cng 16 gam hn hp X trn tan hon ton trong dung dch H 2SO4
c nng d thu c dung dch Y v 11,2 lt kh SO 2 (ktc) duy nht. Vit phng trnh ha hc xy ra v
xc nh kim loi M.
Cu 5. (2,0 im) Nung nng hn hp gm CuO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, CaO v cacbon d nhit cao (trong
chn khng) n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c cht rn A v kh B duy nht. Cho cht rn A
vo dung dch HCl d thu c cht rn X, dung dch Y v kh H 2. Cho cht rn X vo dung dch H 2SO4
c, nng, d thy X tan ht. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra.
Cu 6. (2,0 im) t chy ht m gam cacbon trong oxi thu c hn hp kh A gm CO v CO 2. Cho hn
hp kh A i t t qua ng s ng 23,2 gam Fe 3O4 nung nng n phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn B
cha 3 cht (Fe, FeO, Fe3O4) v kh D duy nht. Hp th hon ton kh D bi dung dch Ba(OH) 2 thu c
19,7 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un nng dung dch X thu thm 14,775 gam kt ta na th kt thc phn
ng. Cho ton b cht rn B vo dung dch CuSO 4 d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th lng CuSO 4
phn ng l 0,03 mol; ng thi thu c 21,84 gam cht rn E.
1. Vit phng trnh ha hc xy ra.
2. Tnh m v t khi ca A so vi H2.
Cu 7. (2,0 im)
1. A v B l hai hp cht hu c cha vng benzen c cng thc phn t ln lt l C8H10 v C8H8.
a. Vit cng thc cu to c th c ca A v B.
b. Vit phng trnh ha hc di dng cng thc cu to xy ra (nu c) khi cho A v B ln lt tc
dng vi H2 d (Ni, to); dung dch brom.
2. Hn hp kh A gm 0,2 mol axetilen; 0,6 mol hiro; 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen (CH C-CH=CH 2, c tnh
cht tng t axetilen v etilen). Nung nng hn hp A mt thi gian vi xc tc Ni, thu c hn hp B c
t khi hi so vi hn hp A l 1,5. Nu cho 0,15 mol hn hp B sc t t vo dung dch brom (d) th c m
gam brom tham gia phn ng. Tnh gi tr ca m.
Cu 8. (2,0 im) Hn hp A gm hai hirocacbon mch h: C nH2n (n 2) v CmH2m-2 (m 2).
1. Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo s mol mi cht trong hn hp A, bit rng 100 ml hn hp ny phn
ng ti a vi 160 ml H2 (Ni, t0). Cc kh o cng iu kin v nhit v p sut.
2. Nu em t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp A ri hp th ton b sn phm chy bng nc vi
trong, thu c 50 gam kt ta v mt dung dch c khi lng gim 9,12 gam so vi dung dch nc vi
trong ban u v khi thm vo dung dch ny mt lng dung dch NaOH d li thu c thm 10 gam kt ta
na. Tm cng thc phn t v vit cng thc cu to ca hai hirocacbon trong hn hp A.
Cu 9. (2,0 im) Cho ba hidrocacbon X, Y, Z. Trong MX< MY < Mz v khi lng mol ca X nh hn khi
lng mol ca Y 14 n v cacbon, khi lng mol ca Y nh hn khi lng mol ca Z 14 n v cacbon. M Z =
2 Mx. t chy hon ton 2,24 lt Y (kc) ri dn sn phm chy vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d, tnh khi lng kt
ta thu c.
Cu 10. (2,0 im) Hn hp B gm axetilen, etilen, mt hirocacbon X. t chy hon ton V lt kh B (ktc)
thu c hn hp CO2 v hi nc c t l th tch l 1:1. Nu dn V lt kh B ( ktc) qua dung dch brom d
thy khi lng bnh tng thm 0,82 (gam). Kh cn li sau khi i qua bnh brom em t chy hon ton thu
c 1,32 gam CO2 v 0,72 gam H2O.
1. Vit phng trnh phn ng, cho bit X thuc loi hirocacbon no?
2. Tm cng thc phn t ca X, tnh V v % th tch cc kh trong B.

PHNG GD & T QU SN
T BD HSG HA 9

HNG DN CHM
KIM TRA NH K
HC SINH GII LP 9 CP HUYN (Ln 2)
NM HC 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Cu

Cu 1
(2,0)

Ni dung
- Cc cp dung dch phn ng c vi nhau l :
Ba(NO3)2 v K2CO3;
Ba(NO3)2 v KHSO4;
Ba(NO3)2 v Al2(SO4)3;
K2CO3 v MgCl2;
K2CO3 v KHSO4;
K2CO3 v Al2(SO4)3.
- Cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra :
Ba(NO3)2 + K2CO3 BaCO3 + 2KNO3
Ba(NO3)2 + KHSO4 BaSO4 + HNO3 + KNO3
(hoc Ba(NO3)2 + 2KHSO4 BaSO4 + 2HNO3 + K2SO4)
3Ba(NO3)2 + Al2(SO4)3 3BaSO4 + 2Al(NO3)3
K2CO3 + MgCl2 MgCO3 + 2KCl
K2CO3 + 2KHSO4 2K2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
(hoc K2CO3 + KHSO4 K2SO4 + KHCO3)
3K2CO3 + Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3K2SO4 + 3CO2

im

0,5 im

1,5 im

Xc nh M
t s mol ca oxit ca kim loi M (MO) l x mol.
MO + H2SO4 MSO4 + H2O
mol
x
x
x
Khi lng dung dch H2SO4 l :

98 x.100
= 400 x (gam)
24,5

Theo bo ton khi lng : moxit + mddaxit = mddA

mddA = 10 + 400x (gam)
Nng % ca dung dch mui: C% =
Cu 2
(2,0)

( M + 96) x
.100% =33,33% (1)
(10 + 400 x )

Theo bi ra, ta c: (M +16)x = 10 (2)

Gii h (1) v (2), ta c: x = 0,125 v M = 64 v kim loi cn tm l Cu.
Xc nh cht rn X
- Gi cng thc ca cht rn X l: CuSO4.nH2O, s mol tng ng l a.
- Khi lng CuSO4 trong dd A l: 0,125.160 = 20 (gam)
- Khi lng dd A l: mddA = 10 + 400.0,125 = 60 (gam)
- Khi lng dd B l: mddB = mddA mX = 60 15,625 = 44,375 (gam)
20 160a
Ta c: C%(ddB) = 44,375 .100% = 22,54%

a 0,0625 0,0625(160 + 18n) = 15,625 n= 5

Vy cng thc ca X l: CuSO4.5H2O
Cu 3
(2,0)

0,5 im

0,5 im

0,5 im

0,5 im

Ly mt lng nh mi kim loi cho vo 4 ng nghim c sn dung dch

H2SO4 long.
0,5 im
- Kim loi khng phn ng l Ag
- Kim loi phn ng to kt ta trng v c bt kh thot ra l Ba
0,5 im
Ba + H2SO4 BaSO4 + H2
- Kim loi phn ng to kh v khng to kt ta trng l Mg, Al
Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2
2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Thu ly 2 dung dch mui tng ng l : MgSO4 v Al2(SO4)3
Cho Ba vo dung dch H2SO4 long n khi kt ta khng tng them, ta tip
tc cho thm 1 lng Ba xay ra phn ng : Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2
Lc b kt ta thu c dung dch Ba(OH)2.
Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo cc dung dch mui MgSO4 v Al2(SO4)3
+ Xut hin kt ta trng tan mt phn trong dung dch Ba(OH) 2 d l dung
dch Al2(SO4)3, suy ra kim loi tng ng l Al.

PHNG GD & T QU SN
T BD HSG HA 9

HNG DN CHM
KIM TRA NH K
HC SINH GII LP 9 CP HUYN (Ln 2)
NM HC 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

3Ba(OH)2 + Al2(SO4)3 3BaSO4 + 2Al(OH)3

Ba(OH)2 + 2Al(OH)3 Ba(AlO2)2 + 4H2O
+ Xut hin kt ta trng khng tan trong dung dch Ba(OH) 2 d l dung dch
MgSO4, suy ra kim loi tng ng l Mg.
Ba(OH)2 + MgSO4 BaSO4 + Mg(OH)2
1,0 im
t s mol ca Mg v kim loi M ln lt l : x v y
Cc phng trnh ha hc:
Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
mol
x
x
2M + 2nHCl 2MCln + nH2 (c th c)
mol

ny
2

mol

Mg + 2H2SO4 MgSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O

x
x
2M + 2mH2SO4 M2(SO4)m + mSO2 + 2mH2O

mol

my
2

S mol ca H2 l : 8,96 : 22,4 = 0,4 mol

S mol ca SO2 l : 11,2 : 22,4 = 0,5 mol
Trng hp 1. Kim loi M khng phn ng vi dung dch HCl.
Theo bi ra v cc phng trnh trn ta c :
24x + My = 16 (1)
x
= 0,4 (2)
Cu 4
(2,0)

x +

my
= 0,5 (3)
2

T (1), (2), (3) ta c : M = 32m

Nu m = 1 M = 32 (loi)
Nu m = 2 M = 64 (Cu)
Nu m = 3 M = 96 (loi)
Vy kim loi M l Cu
Trng hp 2. Kim loi M phn ng vi dung dch HCl.
Theo bi ra v cc phng trnh trn ta c :
24x + My
= 16 (4)
ny
= 0,4 (5)
2
my
x +
= 0,5 (6)
2

1 im

0,5 im

0,5 im

x +

Theo (5) v (6) thy m > n

n
1
m
2
3
x
0,3
0,35
y
0,2
0,1
M
44 (loi) 76 (loi)
Vy kim loi M l Fe

0,5 im
2
3
0,2
0,2
56 (Fe)
0,5 im

Cu 5
(2,0)

Phng trnh ha hc :
- Nung nng hn hp gm CuO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3, CaO v cacbon d nhit
cao :
t0
Cu + CO
CuO + Cd
t0
3Fe + 4CO
Fe3O4 + 4Cd

PHNG GD & T QU SN
T BD HSG HA 9

HNG DN CHM
KIM TRA NH K
HC SINH GII LP 9 CP HUYN (Ln 2)
NM HC 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
0

2Fe + 3CO
0
t
CaC2 + CO
CaO + 3Cd
Cht rn A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d :
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
CaC2 + 2HCl CaCl2 + C2H2
Cho cht rn X tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng, d :
t0
CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O
C + 2H2SO4c

Fe2O3 + 3Cd

1,0 im
0,5 im

t
CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
Cu + 2H2SO4c
1. Cc phng trnh ha hc xy ra:
t0
2CO
2C + O2
(1)

0,5 im

t
CO2 (2)
C + O2
t0
3FeO + CO2 (3)
Fe3O4 + CO
t0
Fe + CO2 (4)
FeO + CO
CO2 + Ba(OH)2 BaCO3 + H2O (5)
2CO2 + Ba(OH)2 Ba(HCO3)2
(6)
t0
BaCO3 + CO2 + H2O (7)
Ba(HCO3)2
Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu (8)
Cht rn E cha : Cu, FeO, Fe3O4
2. Theo cc phng trnh (1) (7) :

Cu 6
(2,0)

nC = nCO2 =

1,0im

19,7
14,775
+ 2.
= 0,25( mol )
197
197

0,5 im

m = 0,25.12 = 3 gam
Cht rn B cha: Fe, FeO, Fe3O4 c s mol ln lt l x, y, z.
Theo cc phng trnh trn v bi ra ta c:
x = 0,03
64x + 72y +232z = 21,84
x + y + 3z =

23,2
.3 = 0,3
232

Suy ra : x = 0,03; y = 0,18; z = 0,03

mB = mFe + mFeO + mFe3O4 = 21,6 gam
Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng :
mA + mFe3O4 = mB + mCO2
mA = 0,25.44 + 21,6 23,2 = 9,4 gam

0,75im

9,4

T khi ca A so vi H2 l: 0,25.2 =18,8

Cu 7
(2,0)

1. a. Cng thc cu to ca C8H10 l :

CH3
CH3

CH3

0,75 im
CH2CH3

CH3
CH3

CH3

CH=CH2

Cng thc cu to ca C8H8 l :

b. Phn ng vi H2: C A v B u phn ng (5 phng trnh ha hc)

1 im

PHNG GD & T QU SN
T BD HSG HA 9

HNG DN CHM
KIM TRA NH K
HC SINH GII LP 9 CP HUYN (Ln 2)
NM HC 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Phn ng vi dung dch nc brom: ch c B phn ng (1 phng trnh ha 1 im

hc)
2. Ta c nA = 0,1 + 0,2 + 0,6 = 0,9 mol
Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng :
mA = mB
nA. M A = nB. M B

nA M B
=
nB
MA

Theo bi ra :

MB
= 1,5
MA

nB = 0,6 mol

nH pu = nA nB = 0,9 0,6 = 0,3 mol

V phn ng ca hirocacbon vi H2 v vi Br2 c t l mol ging nhau nn c 0,5 im
th coi H2 v Br2 l X2.
Theo bi ra sn phm cui cng l cc hp cht hu c trong phn t ch cha
lin kt n, ta c phng trnh phn ng:
CH C-CH=CH2 + 3X2 CHX2-CX2-CHX-CH2X
mol
0,1
0,3
CH CH + 2X2 CHX2 - CHX2
mol
0,2
0,4
n
n
Ta c : H pu + Br pu = n X pu = 0,3 + 0,4 = 0,7 mol
2

nBr2 pu = 0,7 0,3 = 0,4 mol

s mol Br 2 phn ng vi 0,15 mol hn hp B l:

0,4.0,15
= 0,1mol
0,6

Vy khi lng brom tham gia phn ng vi 0,15 mol hn hp B l:

mBr = 0,1.160 = 16 (gam)
2

Cu 8
(2,0)

0,5 im

1. V cc kh o cng iu kin v nhit v p sut do t l v s mol

ca cc cht bang t l v th tch.
Gi x, y ln lt l th tch ca CnH2n v CmH2m-2
Phng trnh ha hc tng qut:
CnH2n
+ H2 CnH2n + 2
ml
x
x
CmH2m - 2 + 2H2 CmH2m + 2
ml
y
2y
Theo bi ra ta c: x + y = 100 (1)
x + 2y = 160 (2)

T (1 ) v (2 ) x = 40; y = 60
Thnh phn phn trm theo s mol ca mi cht trong hn hp A l:
%nCnH2n =

40
60
.100% = 40% v %nCmH2m-2 =
.100% = 60%
100
100

2. Gi a, b ln lt l s mol ca CnH2n v CmH2m-2.

Khi ta lun c:

a
40
=
b
60

3a 2b = 0

(3)

Phng trnh ha hc xy ra khi t chy hn hp A:

CnH2n
mol

3n
O2
2

nCO2 + nH2O (1)

na

na

1,0 im

PHNG GD & T QU SN
T BD HSG HA 9

HNG DN CHM
KIM TRA NH K
HC SINH GII LP 9 CP HUYN (Ln 2)
NM HC 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

CmH2m-2

3m 1
O2
2

mCO2 + (m-1)H2O (2)

mol
b
bm
(m-1)b
S mol CaCO3 phn ng (3) l : nCaCO3 = 50 : 100 = 0,5 mol
S mol CaCO3 phn ng (5) l : nCaCO3 = 100 : 100 = 0,1 mol
CO2
+ Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O (3)
2CO2
+ Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2 (4)
Ca(HCO3)2 + 2NaOH CaCO3 + Na2CO3 + 2H2O (5)
T phn ng (3) ta c: nCO2 = nCaCO3 = 0,5 (mol)
T phn ng (4) v (5) ta c: nCO2 = 2nCaCO3 = 0,2 (mol)
Tng s mol ca kh CO2 l : 0,5 + 0,2 = 0,7 (mol)
Theo bi rat a c :
gim khi lng ca dung dch = mCaCO3 pu (3) (mCO2 + mH2O)
9,12 = 50 (0,7.44 + 18.nH2O) nH2O = 0,56 (mol)
Theo phn ng (1), (2) ta c:
nCO2 = an + bm
= 0,7
(4)
nH2O = an + b(m 1) = 0,56 (5)
T (3), (4), (5) ta c : b = 0,14; a =
m
n

2
4,5 (loi)

3
3

7
75

1,0 im

2n + 3m = 15
4
1,5(loi)

5
0(loi)

Vy cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l : C3H6 v C3H4

Cng thc cu to C3H6 l : CH2=CHCH3
Cng thc cu to C3H4 l : CHCCH3 hoc CH2=C=CH2
1,0 im

Cu 9
(2,0)

Cu 10
(2,0)

14 vc tng ng vi 1 nhm -CH2Gi CT ca X l: CxHy th CT ca Y l C(x+1)H(y+2) v CT ca Z l C(x+2)H(y+4)

Theo gi thit ta c
12(x+2) + (y+4) = 2( 12x + y)
<=> 12x + y = 28 => x= 2, y = 4
Vy cng thc ca X, Y,Z ln lt l: C2H4 , C3H6, C4H8
t chy 2,24 lt C3H6 ri dn sn phm chy vo ung dch Ca(OH)2 d
C3H6 +4,5 O2 3CO2 + 3 H2O
0,1
0,3
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
0,3
0,3
vy khi lng ca kt ta l: mCaCO3= 0.3x100 = 30 gam.
a/
C2H4 + 3O2 2CO2 + 2H2O
C2H2 + 5/2O2 2CO2 + H2O
CxHy + (x+y/4)O2 xCO2 + y/2H2O
t s mol C2H4 ; C2H2; CxHy trong B ln lt l a; b; c mol
Ta c: nCO2 = 2a + 2b + xc
nH2O = 2a + b + yc/2
Theo bi: nCO2 = nH2O 2a + 2b + xc= 2a + b + yc/2
(y - 2x)c = 2b
(1)
V b > 0 nn y - 2x >0 y> 2x X l Ankan (CnH2n + 2)
b/ Thay y = 2x + 2 vo (1) ta c (2x + 2 - 2x)c = 2b b = c
C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2
(3)
C2H2 + 2Br2 C2H4Br4
(4)

(2)

PHNG GD & T QU SN
T BD HSG HA 9

HNG DN CHM
KIM TRA NH K
HC SINH GII LP 9 CP HUYN (Ln 2)
NM HC 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

m = mC2H4 + m2H2 = 0,82 gam

V Br2 d, kh cn li l X c t chy:
CxH2x +2 + (3x+1)/2O2 xCO2 + (x+1)H2O
Theo (3), (4), (5) ta c:
V = (a + b + c).22,4
28a + 26b = 0,82
xc = 0,03
(x + 1)c = 0,04
c = 0,01; x = 3 (C3H8)
Theo (2) b = 0,01
Vy a = 0,02 V = 0,896 lt
%VC2H4 = 50% ; %VC2H6 = %VC3H8 = 25%

(5)