VOCABULARY - TOEIC

Vocabulary Lesson 1: CONTRACTS

1. Abide by 2. Commitment 3. Negotiations 4. Specific 5. Mutual 6. Obligate 7. breach 8. violate 9. terminate 1. Attract to 2. Compare to 3. Convince 4. Currently Draw sbs attention

Meaning

Example - Note
= to comply with = to conform to = adhere to

(v) tun th (n) s cam kt (n) thng lng (a) c bit (a) chung (v) bt buc (n) s ph v (bn tho thun) (v) vi phm (v) chm dt (v) thu ht (v) so snh vi (v) thuyt phc (adv) hin ti li ko s ch ca ai (a) c tnh, c im (chi tit) (v) phm vi (n) s ht hn (n) danh ting (v) yu cu (n) s a dng (n) ht hn (n) th yu cu thng tin

= particular: <-> agreement; mutual benefit: li ch chung breach of contract: ph v hp ng/ breach the law: ph v/ vi phm lut

Lesson 2: MARKETING
= appeal to Compare sth with sth: so snh cai ny vi cc khc

Lesson 3: WARRANTIE
1. Characteristic 2. Cover 3. Expiration 4. Reputation 5. Require 6. Variety 7. expire 8. inquriy her ______ a/ character: tnh cch b/ Characteristic: c im warrarity / insurance <-> cover

Variety of warranty.expire

Lesson 4: BUSSINESS PLANNING

1. Address 2. Demonstrate 3. Evaluate 4. Primarily 5. Lucrative 6. Substitution 7. Be + to V1 8. Sufficient 9. instruct 10. aid 11. valuable 1. Accommodate to 2. Scheduled 3. Arrangement 4. Get in touch with 5. Hold 6. Location 7. Session 8. Take part in 9. facilities 1. Failure 2. Ignore 3. access 4. warning 5. enter (v) ch ra (n) bi din vn trang trng (v) chng minh (v) nh gi (adv) ch yu (a) sinh li (n) s thay th l (n) (v) hng dn (n,v) h tr (a) c gi tr (v) p ng (n) thi kha biu (v) ln lch (n) s sp xp (v) gi lin lc vi (v) cha/ t chc/ nm gi (n) v tr (n) phin hp (v) tham gia (n) c s vt cht (phng) (n) li h thng (v) pht l (n) s kt ni (n) cnh bo (v) truy cp, vo = speech (n)

= benefit = profit = replacement <-> product = enough construct (v) xy dng aide (n) tr l = assistant valuables (n) ti sn

Lesson 5: CONFERENCE
rescheduled = delay = put off = postpone: i lch, hy b, tr hon Make arrangement : t hn

= site = meeting = conference = participate = join facilitie: phng tin = error Failure + to V : khng chu lm g

Lesson 6: COMPUTER
<-> website <-> problem <-> password/ information/ directly

Lesson 7: OFFICE TECHNOLOGY

1. Affordable 2. Undergo 3. Capacity 4. Initiative 5. Stock (a) c kh nng chi tr (v) tri qua (n) kh nng, sc cha (n) sng, sng kin (v) tch tr (n) hng ho (n) s cm kch (v) thu (v) phi by (a) li thi (n) khch hng (v) mua (n) s hot ng (n) dng c, thit b (n) s ph bin (adv) trc (a) tc hnh (v) ng k (v) duyt li (n) ngi nhn (adv) 1 cch thch hp ngoi (n) tp ch <-> renovation / changes : tn trang, i mi

Lesson 8: OFFICE PROCEDURES

1. Appreciation 2. Bring in 3. Expose to 4.Outdated 5. Customer 6. Buy 7. Practice 1. Appliance 2. Popularity 1. In advance 2. express 3. register 4. Revise 5. Recipient 6. Appropriately 7. In addition to 8. magazine = to hire = recruit

= client = patron <-> value / potential / existing = purchase

Lesson 9: ELECTRONICS
= tool = equipment

Lesson 10: CORRESPONDENCE

=beforehand = in anticipation Ex: Two week____ By express mail: th tc hnh = rewrite <-> brochure/ magazine ex: Brochurerevised

In addition to + Ving issue magazine: pht hnh/ xut bn tp ch

Lesson 11: JOB ADVERTISING & RECRUITING

1. Accomplishment 2. Candidate 3. Come up with 4. Commensuate 5.Recruit 6. major 7. personnel 8. payroll 9. payment 10. paycheck 1. employee 2. Present 3. expert 4. constantly 5. resolved 6. obtain 7. background 8. submit 9. call in 10. in person 11. attention 12. impression 13. apply to apply for 14. involed in 15. enrolled in (n) thnh tu (n) ng c vin (v) a ra (a) tng xng vi (v) tuyn dng (n) ch yu (n) nhn s (n) bng lng (n) thanh ton lng (n) tin lng (n) nhn vin (v) trnh by, xut trnh (n) chuyn gia (a) lin tc (a) quan tm (v) ginh c (n) l lch (v) np (v) gi vo trc tip (n) s ch (n) n tng np cho ai np xin vo u (v) tham gia vo (v) ghi danh

Commensuate with # minor: ph hire personnel: thu mn nhn s

Lesson 12: APPLYING & INTERVIEWING

= worker = laborer

= gain

It has come to my attention: ti thy rng = It has been brought to my attention give impression: gy n tng

<-> courses/ class.

Lesson 13: HIRING AND TRAINING

1.Conduct 2.Keep up with 3.Reject 4.Update 5.extend 6.set up 1.Be aware of 2.Benefit 3.Compensate 4.Delictely 5.Eligible 6.Flexibly 7.Negotiate 8.Unique 9.Adequately 10.Retirement 11.Review (n) thc hin (v) bt kp (n) loi b (v) cp nht (v) gi ti (v) thit lp (v) nhn thc (n) thng (v) bi thng seek compensation: tm s bi thng (adv) tinh t, t nh (a) iu kin improve your flexibitity: ci thin s linh hot (adv) linh hot (v) thng lng (a) c nht, t bit, ring bit (adv) mt cch y (n) ngh hu Retirement plan: k hoch v hu (v) t xem xt tng lng (v) trao thng, tng thng (n) phn thng (n) lng hu (n) thnh tu (n) s cng hin (a) trung thnh (adv) r rng l (v) ng gp <-> survey / poll: kho st

Please extend my thanks to him _____ convey______________

Lesson 14: SALARIES AND BENEFITS

Lesson 15: PROMOTIONS, PENSIONS & AWARDS

1.Award 2.Pension 3.Achievement 4.dedication 5.loyal 6.obviously 7.contribute = reward Pensions plan: k hoch v hu

= add to = give = donate

Lesson 16: SHOPPING

1. bargain 2. expand 3. mandatory 4. merchandise 5. strictly 6. mark down 7. attend (n) mn hi (v) mc c (v) m rng (a) bt buc (n) hng ho (adv) 1 cch cht ch gim gi (v) ch

= goods = flexibility/

strictly enforced: p dng mt cch chc ch

Don't leave your bag unattended: dng b ri ti xch ca bn m khng c ch ti = Watch you bag:

Lesson 17: ORDERING SUPPLIES

1. maintain 6. retail 2. obtain 3. prerequisite 4. quality 5. source 1. accurately 2. fulfill 3. sufficiently 4. supply 5. import 6. export 1. efficient 2. estimate (v) duy tr (v) bn l (v) c c (n) iu kin tin quyt (n) cht lng (n) ngun (adv) 1 cch chnh xc (v) hon tt (adv) (n) hng ho (v) cung cp (n,v) nhp khu (n,v) xut khu (a) hiu qu (v) c tnh retail sale

Lesson 18: SHIPPING

= correctly; without errors fulfilled a client's request : hon tt yu cu = enough supply sb with sth = provide sb with sth Tariff import/export: thu nhp/ xut khu

Lesson 19: INVOICES

3. impose 4. promptly 5. terms 6. take an order placed an orther 7. outstanding 1. adjustment 2. disturb 3. liability 4. verify 1. balance 2. dividend 3. mortgage 4. restricted 5. transaction 6. considerable 1. audit 2. outstanding 3. observe 1. invest 2. long - term

(v) p t; p dng (adv) 1 cch nhanh chng (n) iu khon (trong hp ng) (n) k hn (trong ho n) nhn t hng t hng (v) ni bt (n) s iu chnh (v) quy ry (n) trch nhim (v) s xc nhn (n) s d ti khon (n) c tc (n) th chp (a) gii hn (n) s giao dch (a) ng k (n) kim ton (a) cha thanh ton (v) quan st (v) u t (a) di hn (n) hn cht

= on time: ng gi # in time: kp gi <-> reply/ respond = conditions: iu khon (dng cho ca hng) (dng cho khch hng) outstanding bills: ho n cha thanh ton

Lesson 20: INVENTORY

= interfere with = interrupt: gin on = responsibility = confirm

Lesson 21: BANKING

= limited

Lesson 22: ACCOUNTING

audit by the government outstanding bills: ho n cha thanh ton

Lesson 23: INVESTMENTS

invest in stock / to put money into a business

Lesson 24: TAXES

1. deadline

2. file 3. fill out 4. give up 5. refund 6. reimburse 7. withhold 8. paycheck 9. payment

(v) np (v) in vo (v) t b (n,v) hon tin (v) n b (v) gi li tin lng vic thanh ton (n) d n (v) d tnh (v) lp mc tiu (n) mc tiu (a) k bn (v) chn la (n) hnh lang (v) tun th (n) chng trnh ngh s (n) mc tiu (a) khch quan (a) di (n) u tiu (n) ang trong tin trnh (v) lng ph

= complete/

fill out my tax form

(hon tin + hon ti sn) My employer withhold money from each paycheck to apply toward my income taxes

Lesson 25: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. project 2. target projected income : thu nhp d tnh trc = goal, aim = next to = choose, decide on

Lesson 26: PROPERTY & DEPARTMENTS

1. adjacent to 2. opt 3. lobby 1. adhere to 2. agenda 3. objective 4. lengthy 5. priority 6. (in) progress 7. waste

Lesson 27: BOARD MEETINGS & COMMITTEES

= goal # subjective (a) ch quan

Lesson 28: QUALITY CONTROL

1. brand 2. enhance 3. inspect 4. maintenance 1. responsibility 2. supervisor 1. circumstance 2. due to 3. fluctuate 4. get out of 5. indicator 6. occupy 7. option 8. subject to 1. guide 2. majority 3. rely 4. subjective 5. complete 6. remind 1. delivery 2. impress (n) thng hiu (v) qung b thng hiu (v) tng cng (v) thanh tra (a) bo tr (n) trch nhim (n) ngi gim st (n) hon cnh (prep) v (ngha tiu cc) (v) thay i, bin ng (v) thot (n) du hiu (v) chim gi (n) la chn (a) phi chu, phi chp nhn take responsibility = a task under supervisor: di s gim st under any circumstance: di mi hon cnh because of : v = exit, escape = site

Lesson 29: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Lesson 30: RENTING & LEASING

# object to (a) phn i

Lesson 31: SELECTING A RESTAURANT

(n) ngui hng dn, sch hng dn (n) phn ln mojority of (v) da vo rely on = depend on = confidence in (a) ch quan # objective (a) khch quan (a,v) hon tt (v) nhc nh (n) s giao hng (v) gy n tng

Lesson 32: ORDERING LUNCH

3. individual 4. narrow 5. pick up 6. settle 7. Punctual 1. coordinate 2. site 3. agent 4. announcement 5. board 6. delay 7. depart 8. itinerary 9. prohibited 10. valid 1. deal with 2. expense 3. extend 4. prospective 5. substantially 1. comprehensive 2. entitle 3. offset 4. operate 5. relatively

(a) c nhn (v) thu hp (v) n ly (v) gii quyt (a) ng gi (v) kt hp (n) v tr (n) ngi i din (n) cng b (v) ln tu/ ln my bay (v) tr hon (v) khi hnh (n) lch trnh (v) ngn cm (a) hp l (v) x l (n) ph tn (v) gi li cm n (a) tim nng (a) 1 cch ng k (a) bao qut, ton din (v) c quyn (v) b p (v) hot ng (adv) tng i

<-> down: thu hp xung pick up the order = on time

Lesson 33: EVENTS & GENERAL TRAVEL

= representative

prohibited from

Lesson 34: AIRLINES

living expense = cost of living prospective clients = potential clients = significantly comprehensive knowledge

Lesson 35: TRAINS

Lesson 36: HOTELS

1. confirm 2. expect 3. notify 4. rate 5. reservation 6. intend 7. charge 1. combine 2. description 3. influence 4. range 5. separately 6. action 7. approach 8. experience 9. perform 10. rehearse 1. available 2. favor 3. collection 4. express 5. respond (v) xc nhn (v) mong (v) thng bo (n) gi (dng trong khch sn) (n) t ch trc (v) d tnh (n) ph dch v (v) kt hp (n) s m t (v) nh hng (n) phm vi (adv) 1 cch tch bit (n) hnh ng (v) tin n gn (n) kinh nghim (v) hot ng (v) din tp (a) sn (v) u i; thin v; ng h (n) b su tp (v) by t (a) tc hnh (v) phn hi = verify expect to = look forward to + Ving

make reservation intend to

Lesson 37: MOVIES & THEATER

take action

Lesson 38: MUSIC & MUSEUMS

favorable market : th trng thun li

by express mail respond to

Lesson 39: MEDIA

1. assignment 2. constantly 3. impact 4. investigate 5. subscribe 1. annually 2. appointment 3. diagnose 4. prevent 5. serious 6. aware 7. take Sb to . 8. keep out of the reach 9. distraction 10. Consult 1. alternative 2. aspect 3. concern 4. personnel 5. regardless 6. suit 7. authorize 8. designate 9. pertinent 10. procedure

(n) bi tp c giao/ nhim v c giao (v) giao, ch nh ai, sai ai lm (adv) lin tc = continually (n) tc ng (v) iu tra (v) t mua <-> magazine, newspaper (adv) thng nin (n) cuc hn (v) b nhim (v) chun n (v) ngn chn (a) nghim trng, nghim tc (a) nhn thc dn ai i u xa tm vi (n) xao lng (v) t vn, tham vn (a) s la chn (n) kha cnh (n) s lo lng (n) nhn s (adv) bt chp (v) ph hp (v) c thm quyn/ u quyn (v) ch nh (dnh cho vt) (a) thch hp (n) th tc = yearly = once a year make appointment He is appointed (c b nhim b ng) prevent sb from sth aware of : nhn thc v.. Ex: take the patient to the emergency room

Lesson 40: DOCTOR'S OFFICE & DENTIST'S OFFICE

Lesson 41: HEALTH INSURANCE & HOSPITALS

regardless of = appropriate = satisfy

= relevant to

PREPOSITIONS
1 AT : ch thi gian ch ni chn at 2pm/ at night/ at once: ngay lp tc / at the moment/ at last/ at Christmas. At home/ at the top/ at the beginning / at the end/ arrive at the airport ( arrive at: cho nhng ni nh/ khng dng cho TP, t nc phi dng arrive in) + nm/ thng/ ma/ bui (tr at night), in time: ng lc, kp lc + TP, t nc, min, phng hng Ex: in Viet Nam/ in the room/ i n English: bng ting Anh / in the middle of (the room): gia (phng) + th (ngy trong tun)/ ngy thng (on May 16th)/ ON TIME: ng gi (chnh xc) on the table/ on hoseback: trn lng nga/ on foot: bng chn (i b) +O +N 4 BY + TIME + Ving + O + sefl + O + V3/ed + O + (n) + O + (a) 5 MAKE make sure + to V1 be sure + to V1 Make decision Make appointment Make arrangement Make effort 6 Take Sth into account BI: by Mary (b ng) BNG: by car (phng tin i li) TRC lc: by the time/ by chance: tnh c/ learn by heart: hc thuc lng Gii t: + Ving Bng chnh bn thn: By him sefl = on his own = on his behalf b ng bin ci ny thnh ci kia: Make cake lm cho ai/ Ex: You make me happy phi chc chn lm g a ra quyt nh t lch hn dn xp, sp xp n lc xem xt ci g IN ( trong): ch thi gian 2 ch ni chn 3 ON (trn): ch thi gian ch ni chn

UNDER 7 UNDER

ch 1 s vic ang trong tnh trng no pressure supervisor circumstance

Ex: The road is under repair (= The road is being repaired) p lc gim st hon cnh

8 INTO (vo trong) 9 in turn 10 increase / decrease 11

suy xt consideration Dng sau cc ng t: go/ put/ get/ fall/ jump/ come n lt It my turn to pay: n lt ti tr + by + % increase by 20 % FOR + 2 months: trong 2 thng IN + 2 months: trong 2 thng na

for + 2 weeks During + thi k ( a summer, a meeting) by bn lin quan ti mong i, trng mong c yu cu vit vit th cho ai (n) gii php kt hn vi tt hn Theo nh bi v (ngha tiu cc) (a) vui lng trc (l 1 lin t)

12 For sale = be on sale 13 related to 14 expect to 15 required to 16 write to 17 write letter to SO 18 approach to 19 marries to 20 superior to 21 according to + Nphr 22 due to 23 pleased to 24 prior to + Ving

= regarding = concerning = look forward to + Ving

= cover letter for SO = solution = method = measure = get marrried = better than = Because of + N I'm please to.: Ti rt vui lng. = before + Ving

25 in addition to this, 26 pay attention to + Ving 27 tobe about to V1 28 apologize for Sth ________ to Sb

thm vo ch vo sp sa xin li cho ai lm g rt c th Tobe busy + Ving (n) s a dng nh gi nhn thc v nhiu tn dng, li dng t hi liu cm, gi li p ng (v) ang lm vic (v) thch th, quan tm ti, th v hu nh tt c + V tr, ngh nghip (v) da trn

cch m trc tip You must pay attention to = Attention must be paid to

29 for + O + To V1 30 Tobe Likely + To V1 31 Tobe + Adj + To V1 32 variety of 33 worth of 34 aware of 35 wealth of 36 Take advantage of 37 wonder if 38 retain from 39 live up with 40 at work 41 interested in 42 Almost all 43 serve as work as

= a number of

= on duity

Ex: I work as a secretary in this company

44 based on

45 cut down on 46 insist on 47 pick up my mother pick you up

ct gim khn khn n

48 provide S.O with S.th = supply S.O with Sth : cung cp cho ai ci g 49 provide Sth to S.O : cung cp ci g cho ai 50 provided = provided that = providing that = as long as + (S + V) : min l 51 ask Sb for Sth: hi xin ai ci g 52 keep + O + V3/ed (b ng) 53 No one BUT Mary: khng ai NGOI Mary Ex: keep that door closed No choice BUT to choose another deliverer

54 take effect = come into effect = be effective = become effective = be in effect: c hiu lc if.Or not 55 Whether. ... Or not No matter + (WH_) + (S+V) Whatever + (N) + (S+V) 56 regardless of + Nphr 57 because of/ due to/ owing to + N/ Nphr/ Gerund 58 because/ Since/ As + (S+V) 59 In spite of Despite + N/ Nphr/ Gerund liu c hay khng Ex: I don't care if he comes (or not) = I don't care whether or not he comes = I don't care if or not he comes No matter how = However: cho d th no Ex: No matter Who you are, I still love you Ex: whatever others may say, you are certainly right bi v ( ch l do) Since/ As thng ng u cu Mc du

60 Although/ Though (cu cha hon chnh)/ even though + (S+V): D, cho d

Mun chuyn t Although/ though/ even though Despite: 61 1/ Thm " The fact that trc (c cu) 2/ Chuyn (v) trong cu Ving (a ra u cu) 62 show that = indicate That 63 So that + S + Modal + V1 64 SO + (adj/ adv) + THAT 65 (adj / adv) + enough enough + (N) ch ra rng qu n ni .. c th Qu khng th va ci ny..va ci kia (trong 2 ci)

Ex: Although the weather was very bad, we had a picnic A fact that the weather was very bad, we had a picnic = Being the weather very bad, we had a picnic Ex: Even though I didn't know anybody at the party, I had a nice time Not knowing anybody at the party, I had a nice time

= ( To V1 = in order to = so as to) + V1 = such + ( a/an) + adj + N + that

66 Too + adj/adv + To V1 67 Both..and 68 Neither..nor 69 Either..or 70 any/ none/ all 71 Whether.or not

A: I don't like sport B: Neither do I = Nor do I = I don't either khng ci nycng khng ci ( Ti cng khng) kia (trong 2 ci) A: I like sport ci ny. Hoc ci kia B: So do I = I do, too ( Ti cng vy) ( trong 2 ci) ch hn 2 s vic liu c hay khng Dng trong cu khng nh, li mi, yu cu Dng trong cu ph nh, nghi vn, mnh IF

72 SOME (somebody/ someone : ai ) (something: ci g ) 73 ANY (anybody/ anyone: bt c ai) (anything: bt c ci g)

74 NO (nobody/ no one/ nothing: khng ai, khng ci g)

no + danh t/ khng dng thm ng t ph nh

75 Some of/ most of/ none of. + the, this, that, these, those, my, his, Tu's CH XC NH 76 Much, little + danh t khng m c 77 Many, few + danh t m c s nhiu 78 Much/ many 79 A lot of 80 little/ few 81 a little/ a few 82 The other: ci kia (t) dng trong cu (-), (?) dng trong cu (+) hu nh khng c c 1 t ci cn li trong 2 ci mang ngha (-) mang ngha xc nh C The xc nh (s t) Ex: There are 2 chairs, one is red, the other is blue (= the other chair) Tt c OTHER + (N) khng c thm 's' sau OTHER 's' chuyn sang cho (N) s Ex: There are 20 students, one is fat, the others are thin (= the others students) Khng c The khng xc nh Ex: I have eaten my cake, give my another (= another cake) Tt c OTHER + (N) khng c thm ' s ' sau OTHER ' s ' chuyn sang cho (N) s Ex: Some students like spoet, others don't (= the others students) A lot of, lots of, plenty of : dng c c 2 loi dng trong cu (+) khi c very/ so/ as/ too Ex: I like him so much

83 The others: nhng ci kia

nhng ci cn li trong 1 lng nht nh

84 Another: 1 ci khc (t)

khng nm trong s lng no

85 Others: nhng ci khc

khng nm trong s lng no

86 No longer 87 Hardly 88 For now on 89 90 now that seeing that otherwise = or else = or unless = if not

khng cn na him khi k t by gi By gi th thy rng bng khng nu khng

She no longer teaches at this school = She doesn't teach at this school any longer/ any more Trong cu c 'not' (-) th khng dng 'No longer'

= Because

91 shortly 92 in addition to this, 94 For further information 95 Until further notice 96 Do me a favor

chng bao lu khi, ngay sau khi = soon after thm vo bit thm thng tin cho n khi c thm bt k thng bo no hy gip ti

93 completely free = absolutely free: hon ton min ph

GRAMMAR
NOTE
CHIA (N): Each/ every Every/ any/ no/ some + ( Body, thing, one) Thi gian, tin, khong cch CHIA (V): Either/ neither/ Not only The number of (The : s lng t) A number of ( mt s: nhiu) All, Some, None, Plenty, Hafl, Most The rest, A lot, Lots (n,v) SHTT + N + "AL" l (n) ui (n) ui (v) ui (a) ui (adv) Trong cu khng ph nh 2 ln L (S) s t News, economics, The philippines. (tn mn hc, cc loi bnh, tn quc gia, (N) khng m c (S) s t Mun bin 1 cu Nphr/ S: Thm 1/ That: trc cu hon chnh ngha 2/ What: trc cu cha hon chnh ngha

L (S) s t

(v) chia theo (S) xc bn n Ex: Not only my brother but also my sister is here (v) chia s t (v) chia s nhiu + OF Ex: The number of students in this class is fat Ex: A number of problems have arisen

Ex: Most of the students in this class are fat (v) chia theo (S) Ex: Most of this land is mine trc gii t Ex: A box of cigarettes contains 20 pipes (1 hp - s t) Her cat = this cat is hers

love, support, help, order, change, request her car = hers proposal ( xut), renewal ( lm mi), approval ( s ng ), arrival ( n) Tion/ ance/ ence/ ent/ ism/ ship/ ity/ er/ or/ ee ize/ ate/ en (lengthen)/ fy y/ ous/ ious/ able/ al/ ic/ ful/ less/ tory ly Hardly, seldom: mang ngha ph nh

Khng dng Received b ng khi (S) ch ngi

SO SNH
So snh bng: AS many + (N) m c AS AS much + (N) khng m c AS So snh hn: (bt buc c THAN) adj/adv ngn -ER + THAN MORE/ LESS-adj/adv di + THAN Note: Adj di tn cng l "Y" "IER" - Thm "MUCH/ FAR" ngay trc hnh thc so snh nhn mnh - Trong cu c: Between/ of the two dng So snh hn

So snh kp: THE _____(ssh)______ THE _____(ssh)______ cng________________cng________________ So snh nht: dng so snh t 3 i tng tr ln THE + (adj /dav ngn) -EST THE + Most/ Least -(adj/adv di)

B NG
- HT/ QK: - HTTD/ QKTD: - HTHT/ QKHT: CAN/ MAY. am/ is/ are was, were am/ is/ are was, were Have, has Had + V3/ed + BEING + V3/ed + BEEN + V3/ed + BE + V3/ed - Dng BY/ WITH trong b ng - WITH Dng cho vt khng chuyn ng Ex: The room was filled with smoke

T CH NHN THC, TRI GIC (look/ feel/ see/ watch/ hear. + O ) + ? ch ng c 2 th: 1/ V1:(thy) ton b hnh ng ( hon tt) 2/ Ving:(thy) 1 phn hnh ng (ang xy ra)

1/ To V 2/ Ving

1/ They saw her come in She was seen to come in 2/ They saw the lorry running down the hill The lorry was seen running down the hill

MNH QUAN H
1/ WHO: ch ngi ( ng sau (S) / (O)) 2/ WHOM: ngi ( ch ng sau (S)) 3/ WHICH: ch vt ( ng sau (S) / (O)) + (S) / (v) + (S) + (S) / (v) - Khng Dng sau gii t

4/ THAT: ch ngi, vt

-Trong mnh xc nh (c a, the, this, SHTT .. - Lun sau cc i t: everything, something, anything, all, little, much, none, so snh nht. + (n)

- Dng thay cho WHO/ WHOM/ WHICH - Khng dng THAT sau du "," - Khng dng THAT sau gii t - Khng Dng sau gii t Ex: Lan found a cat whose leg was broken Dng thay: + at WHICH: gi (at 7 pm) + on WHICH: ngy (on Monday) + in WHICH: nm, thng, bui, ma + THEN Khng Dng sau gii t Dng thay: at/ in/ to WHICH, THERE + 90% l dng in WHICH (The land where = The land on WHICH) Khng Dng sau gii t Dng thay: for WHICH Khng Dng sau gii t

5/ WHOSE: ch s hu THNG lin trc n

6/ WHEN: ch thi gian

ng sau (n) ch thi gian

7/ WHERE: ch ni chn

ng sau (n) ch ni chn

8/ WHY: ch l do ti sao

ng sau "the reason"

DU PHY "," TRONG MNH QUAN H

Dng b ngha cho c mt mnh trc du phy Ex: Tom gets bad marks at school Which marks his father sad Thy du phy c mnh trc du phy l (S) s t Vs/es

RT GN MNH QUAN H
1/ CH NG Ving

The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle The man siting next to you is my uncle Do you know the boy who broken the windows last night? Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night? The books which were writen by To Hoai are interesting The books written by To Hoai are interesting A bridge which was built only two years ago has been declard unsafe A bridge built only two years ago has been declard unsafe

2/ B NG

V3/ed

IU KiN IF
IF1 Vs/es Will/Can + V1 Ex: If Mary studies hard, She will pass the exam C th xy ra

O NG IF
- a SHOULD ra u cu Ex: Should Mary study hard, she will pass the exam - a WERE ra u cu Ex: Were today Sunday, I would go shopping - a HAD ra u cu Ex: Had Mary studied hard, she would have passed the exam

IF2 Were / V2/ed .Would/Could + V1 Khng tht Ex: If today were Sunday, I would go shopping HT IF3 Had V3/ed.. Would/ Could + Khng tht Have V3/ed Ex: If Mary had studied hard, She would have QK passed the exam

WISH
Tng lai: Hin ti: Qu kh: S + WISH IF ONLY S + WISH IF ONLY S + WISH IF ONLY + S + Would/ Could + V1 + Were (mi ngi) V2/ed + Had V3/ed could have V3/ed Ex: I wish would be an teacher in the futures Ex: She wishes she were rich Ex: I wish could swim Ex: She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house Ex: She wishes could have been there