Bai Giang Cac Ki Thuat Giai PT Luong Giac

CC K THUT GII PHNG TRNH
LNG GIC

Gio vin ging dy: NGUYN THNH LONG

Email: Changngoc203@gmail.com
Bm sn: 10 02 2014

Gio vin: Nguyn Thnh Long Email: Changngoc203@gmail.com
https://www.facebook.com/trithuc.viet.37 1

Phng trnh lng gic v ng dng ca n l mt phn rt quan trng trong thi i hc v ng dng
ca n trong i s cng nh hnh hc. V c bit l gii phng trnh lng gic l mt cu khng th
thiu trong thi i hc cc nm. Vy mun lm tt lng gic trc tin ta phi nm c cng thc
lng gic

TM TT CC CNG THC LNG GIC CN NH

I. Cc cng thc lng gic cn nh
1. Cc cng thc c bn
sin
tan
cos
a
a
a
= vi
2
a k
= +

cos
cot
sin
a
a
a
= vi a k =

tan .cot 1 a a =
2 2
2 2
2 2
sin 1 cos (1 cos )(1 cos )
sin cos 1
cos 1 sin (1 sin )(1 sin )
a a a a
a a
a a a a
= = +
+ =

= = +

2
2
1
1 tan
cos
a
a
+ =
2
2
1
1 cot
sin
a
a
+ =
2. Cng thc cng v tr
a. Vi sin v cos
( ) sin sin .cos cos .sin a b a b a b + = + ( ) cos cos .cos sin .sin a b a b a b + =
( ) sin sin .cos cos .sin a b a b a b = ( ) cos cos .cos sin .sin a b a b a b = +
b. Vi tan
( )
tan tan
tan
1 tan .tan
a b
a b
a b
=
+

( )
tan tan
tan
1 tan .tan
a b
a b
a b
+
+ =

3. Cng thc tnh tch thnh tng
| |
1
cos .cos cos( ) cos( )
2
a b a b a b = + +
| |
1
sin .cos sin( ) sin( )
2
a b a b a b = + +
| |
1
sin .sin cos( ) cos( )
2
a b a b a b = + | |
1
cos .sin sin( ) sin( )
2
a b b a a b = + +
4. Cng thc bin i tng thnh tch
a. Cng thc sin v cos
cos cos 2cos cos
2 2
a b a b
a b
+
+ = cos cos 2sin sin
2 2
a b a b
a b
+
=
sin sin 2sin cos
2 2
a b a b
a b
+
+ = sin sin 2cos sin
2 2
a b a b
a b
+
=
b.Cng thc tan v cot
sin( )
tan tan
cos .cos
a b
a b
a b
+
+ =
sin( )
tan tan
cos .cos
a b
a b
a b
=
sin( )
cot cot
sin .sin
a b
a b
a b
+
+ =
sin( )
cot cot
sin .sin
b a
a b
a b
=
5. Cng thc nhn i v nhn ba, nhn bn
2 2
sin2 2sin .cos
(sin cos ) 1 1 (sin cos )
a a a
a a a a
=
= + =

2 2 2 2
4 4
cos2 2cos 1 1 2sin cos sin
cos sin
a a a a a
a a
= = =
=

2
2tan
tan2
1 tan
a
a
a
=
;
3
2
3tan tan
tan3 =
1 3tan
a a
a
a

( )
( ) ( )( )
3 2
2
sin3 3sin 4sin sin 3 4sin
sin 4cos 1 sin 2cos 1 2cos 1
a a a a a
a a a a a
= =
= = +

( )
( ) ( )( )
3 2
2
cos3 4cos 3cos cos 4cos 3
cos 1 4sin cos 1 2sin 1 2sin
a a a a a
a a a a a
= =
= = +

4 2
sin4 4sin 2sin a a a = +
4 2
cos4 8cos 8cos 1 a a a = +
6. Cng thc h bc
2
1 cos2
cos
2
a
a
+
=
2
1 cos2
sin
2
a
a

=
2
2
2
sin 1 cos2
tan
1 cos2 cos
a a
a
a a
= =
+

2
2
2
cos 1 cos2
cot
1 cos2 sin
a a
a
a a
+
= =

3
cos3 3cos
cos
4
a a
a
+
=
3
3sin sin3
sin
4
a a
a

=

II. Gi tri lng gic ca cc gc lin quan c bit
1. B chn ln pi th khng thay i
( )
( )
sin 2 sin
cos 2 cos
x k x
x k x
+ =
+ =

( )
( )
tan 2 tan
cot 2 cot
x k x
x k x
+ =
+ =

2. B pi hay l ln pi th thnh cng bin thnh tr
( )
( )
( )
( )
sin sin
cos cos
tan tan
cot cot
x x
x x
x x
x x
=
=
=
=

TQ: sin( 2 ) sin k x x + =
cos( 2 ) cos k x x + =
( )
( )
( )
( )
sin sin
cos cos
tan tan
cot cot
x x
x x
x x
x x
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =

TQ: sin( 2 ) sin k x x + + =
cos( 2 ) cos k x x + + =

3. B pi trn hai
sin cos
2
cos sin
2
tan cot
2
cot tan
2
x x
x x
x x
x x
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .

sin cos
2
cos sin
2
tan cot
2
cot tan
2
x x
x x
x x
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
| |
+ =
|
\ .
| |
+ =
|
\ .
| |
+ =
|
\ .

d. i du
( )
( )
sin sin
cos cos
x x
x x
=
=

( )
( )
tan tan
cot cot
x x
x x
=
=

III. Cng thc tnh sina, cosa theo tan
2
a
t =
Ta c
2
2 2
2
2
2
sin
1
1 1
cos cot
2 1
2
tan
1
t
a
t
t t
a a
t t
t
a
t

= =

Mt s cng thc khc
2
cos sin cos cos 2cos .cos 2. cos
2 4 4 2 4
3 3
2.sin 2.sin 2.sin 2.sin
2 4 4 4 4
a a a a a a
a a a a

| | | | | |
+ = + = =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
| | | | | | | | | | | |
= = = = +
| | | | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ . \ . \ .

Vy cos sin 2cos 2sin 2cos
4 4 4
a a a a x
| | | | | |
+ = = + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Tng t: cos sin 2cos 2cos 2sin 2sin
4 4 4 4
a a a a a a
| | | | | | | |
= = + = + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

( )( ) ( )( )
3 3 2 2
sin cos sin cos sin sin .cos cos sin cos 1 sin .cos x x x x x x x x x x x x + = + + = +
( )( ) ( )( )
3 3 2 2
sin cos sin cos sin sin .cos cos sin cos 1 sin .cos x x x x x x x x x x x x = + + = +
4 4 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 3 1
sin cos 1 2sin .cos 1 sin 2 cos 2 cos4
2 2 2 4 4
x x x x x x x + = = = + = +
( )( )
4 4 2 2 2 2
cos sin cos sin cos sin cos2 x x x x x = + =
6 6 4 4 2 2 2 2
3 1 3 3 5
sin cos sin cos sin cos 1 sin 2 cos 2 cos4
4 4 4 8 8
x x x x x x x x x + = + = = + = +
6 6 4 4 2 2
cos sin cos2 (sin cos sin cos ) x x x x x x x = + +
sin cos 2sin 2cos
4 4
x x x x
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

( )
2
2 2
1 sin2 sin cos 2sin cos sin cos x x x x x x x + = + + = +
2 2 2
1 sin2 sin cos 2sin cos (sin cos ) x x x x x x x = + =
2 2
sin2
sin cos ,1 cos2 2cos ,1 cos2 2sin
2
x
x x x x x x = + = =

NG TRN LNG GIC

Gi tr cc hm s lng gic ca cc cung (gc) c bit (ta nn s dng ng trn lng gic
ghi nh cc gi tr c bit)

- 3
- 1
- 3 /3
( iem goc)
t
t '
y
y'
x
x'
u
u'
- 3 - 1 - 3 /3
1
1
- 1
- 1
-/2
5t/ 6
3t/ 4
2t/ 3
-t/ 6
-t/ 4
-t/ 3
-1/ 2
- 2 / 2
- 3 / 2
- 1/2 - 2 /2 - 3 /2
3 /2
2 /2 1/2
3 / 2
2 / 2
1/2
A
t/ 3
t/ 4
t/ 6
3 /3
3
B
/2 3 /3 1 3
O

Bng lng gic ca mt s gc c bit

Hoc: ng trn lng gic
Mt im M thuc ng trn lng gic s c ta ( ) cos ;sin M ng vi mi gc ta s c
mt im M c th trn ng trn

0
0
30
0
45
0
60
0
90
0
120
0
135
0
150
0
180
0
360
0
Gc

Hslg
0
6

2
3

3
4

5
6

2
sin 0 1
2

2
2

3
2

1
3
2

2
2

1
2

0 0
cos 1
3
2

2
2

1
2

0 1
2

2
2

3
2

-1 1
tan 0
3
3

1
3
kx
3
-1
3
3

0 0
cot kx
3
1
3
3

0
3
3

-1
3
kx kx

gii c phng trnh lng gic chng ta nm c cc bc gii sau

Bc 1: t iu kin cho phng trnh c ngha (nu c). iu kin gm, phng trnh cha
mu, cha cot hoc tan, cha cn bc chn
C th:
- Phng trnh cha tanx , iu kin: cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e.
- Phng trnh cha cotx, iu kin: sin 0 , x x k k = = e.
- Phng trnh cha c tanx v cotx , iu kin: ,
2
x k k
= e.
Bc 2: S dng cng thc lng gic, cc php bin i lng gic. Cc phng php gii
phng trnh ni chung, tm ra nghim ca phng trnh
Bc 3: i chiu vi iu kin ban u tm ra nghim tha mn v kt lun (xem mc k
nng 5 loi nghim v kt hp nghim)
Ch :
i vi phng trnh
2
2
1 1
cos cos
2 2
1 1
sin sin
2 2
x x
x x

= =

= =

ta khng nn gii trc tip v khi c ti 4 nghim,
khi kt hp v so snh vi iu kin rt phc tp, ta nn h bc l ti u nht. Ngha l:

2
2
2
2
1
cos
2cos 1 0 cos2 0
2
1 cos2 0
2sin 1 0
sin
2
x
x x
x
x
x
= =

=
=

=
.
Tng t i vi phng trnh
2
2
sin 1 sin 1
cos 1
cos 1
x x
x
x
= =

=
=
ta khng nn h bc, m nn bin i da vo

cng thc
2 2
sin cos 1 x x + = . Lc :
2 2
2 2
sin 1 cos 0 cos 0
sin 0
cos 1 sin 0
x x x
x
x x
= = =

=
= =

i vi phng trnh cos cos2 0 x x + = . Chng ta c th chuyn v dng ( ) cos cos 2 x x = +
nhng n gin hn l thay
2
cos2 2cos 1 x x = phng trnh tr thnh phng trnh bc hai vi cosx
Tng t vi phng trnh sin cos2 0 x x + =
Khi t n ph sin , cos t x t x = = th iu kin ca t l 1 t s . Khi t n ph
2 2
sin , cos t x t x = =
th iu kin ca t l 0 1 t s s . Khi t n ph sin cos t x x = th iu kin ca t l 2 t s .
Mt s phng trnh lng gic c bn cn nh
Dng 1:
2
sin sin ,
2
u v k
u v k
u v k

= +
= e
= +
c bit:
sin 0
sin 1 2 ,
2
sin 1 2
2
x x k
x x k k
x x k
= =
= = + e
= = +

Dng 2:
2
cos cos ,
2
u v k
u v k
u v k
= +
= e
= +
c bit:
cos 0 2
2 2
cos 1 2 ,
cos 1 2
x x k k
x x k k
x x k

| |
= = + +
|
\ .
= = e
= = +

Dng 3:
tan tan
,
,
2
u v u v k
k
u v k

= = +
= +
c bit:
tan 0
,
tan 1
4
x x k
k
x x k

= =
= = +

Dng 4:
cot cot
,
,
u v u v k
k
u v k
= = +
e
c bit:
cot 0
2
,
cot 1
4
x x k
k
x x k
= = +
= = +


1: CC DNG PHNG TRNH THNG GP

1. Phng trnh bc nht i vi sin ,cos x x
a. nh ngha: Phng trnh sin cos (1) a x b x c + = trong a, b, ce v
2 2
0 a b + = c gi l
phng trnh bc nht i vi sin ,cos x x
b. Cch gii.
Ta c th la chn 1 trong 2 cch sau:
Cch 1: Thc hin theo cc bc
Bc 1: Kim tra
- Nu
2 2 2
a b c + < phng trnh v nghim
- Nu
2 2 2
a b c + > khi tm nghim ca phng trnh ta thc hin tip bc 2
Bc 2: Chia c 2 v phng trnh (1) cho
2 2
a b + , ta c

2 2 2 2 2 2
sin cos
a b c
x x
a b a b a b
+ =
+ + +

V
2 2
2 2 2 2
1
a b
a b a b
| | | |
+ =
| |
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
nn tn ti gc sao cho
2 2 2 2
cos , sin
a b
a b a b
= =
+ +

Khi phng trnh (1) c dng
2 2 2 2
sin .cos sin .cos sin( )
c c
x x x
a b a b
+ = + =
+ +

y l phng trnh c bn ca sin m ta bit cch gii
Cch 2: Thc hin theo cc bc
Bc 1: Vi cos 0 2 ,
2
x
x k k = = + e th vo phng trnh (1) xem c l nghim hay khng?
Bc 2: Vi cos 0 2 ,
2
x
x k k = = + e
t tan
2
x
t = suy ra
2
2 2
2 1
sin , cos
1 1
t t
x x
t t
= =
+ +

Khi phng trnh (1) c dng
2
2
2 2
2 1
( ) 2 0 (2)
1 1
t t
a b c c b t at c b
t t
+ = + + =
+ +

Bc 3: Gii phng trnh (2) theo t, sau gii tm x.
Dng c bit:
sin cos 0 tan 1 ,
4
x x x x k k
+ = = = + e
sin cos 0 tan 1 ,
4
x x x x k k
= = = + e .
( ) sin cos 0 x x k k = = s dng cng thc sin cos 2sin 2cos
4 4
x x x x
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

Ch : T cch 1 ta c kt qu sau
2 2 2 2
sin cos a b a x b x a b + s + s + t kt qu ta c th p dng tm GTLN v GTNN ca cc
hm s c dng sin cos y a x b x = + ,
sin cos
sin cos
a x b x
y
c x d x
+
=
+
v phng php nh gi cho mt s phng
trnh lng gic .

TH D MINH HA

Th d 1: Gii phng trnh: sin2 3cos2 3 x x =
Gii:
Cch 1:
Chia c hai v phng trnh cho
2 2
1 3 10 + = ta c
1 3 3
sin2 cos2
10 10 10
x x =
t
3 1
sin , cos
10 10
= = . Lc phng trnh vit c di dng
cos sin2 sin cos2 sin sin(2 ) sin
2 2
,
2 2
2
x x x x
x k
x k
k
x k x k

= =
= +
= +

e
= + = +

Vy phng trnh c 2 nghim
Cch 2:
Ta nhn thy cos 0 x = l nghim ca phng trnh
Vi cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e .
t tan t x = , lc
2
2 2
2 1
sin2 , cos2
1 1
t t
x x
t t
= =
+ +

Phng trnh s c dng
2
2 2
2 2
2 1
3 3 2 3(1 ) 3(1 ) 3
1 1
t t
t t t t
t t
= = + =
+ +

Hay tan 3 tan , x x k k = = = + e
Vy phng trnh c 2 h nghim
Cch 3: Bin i phng trnh v dng
2
sin2 3(1 cos2 ) 2sin .cos 6cos
cos 0 cos 0
(sin 3cos )cos 0
sin 3cos 0 tan 3 tan
x x x x x
x x
x x x
x x x
= + =
= =
=

= = =

, 2
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Vy phng trnh c hai h nghim
Ch :
Khi lm bi ton dng ny chng ta nn kim tra iu kin trc khi bt tay vo gii phng trnh bi c
mt s bi ton c tnh to ra nhng phng trnh khng tho mn iu kin. Ta xt v d sau:
Th d 2: (i hc Giao thng Vn ti H Ni 2000) Gii phng trnh sau:
( ) 2 2 sin cos cos 3 cos2 x x x x + = +
Gii:
Phng trnh ( ) 2 2 sin cos cos 3 cos2 x x x x + = +
( )
2sin 2 1 cos2 3 2 x x + =
Ta c
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2
2
2 2 1 5 2 2
3 2 11 6 2
a b
c
+ = + =
= =

Ta s chng minh:
2 2 2
a b c + < 5 2 2 11 6 2 <
( )
2
2
4 2 6 4 2 6 < < 32 36 < (ng)
Vy phng trnh v nghim.
Ngoi ra chng ta cn lu rng vic bin i lng gic cho ph hp vi tng bi ton s biu din
chn cc h nghim . Ta xt v d sau
Th d 3: Gii phng trnh (1 3)sin (1 3)cos 2 x x + + =
Gii:
Cch 1:
Thc hin php bin i
PT
1 3 1 3 2 1
sin cos
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x x
| | | |
+
+ = =
| |
| |
\ . \ .

t
1 3 1 3
cos ; sin
2 2 2 2
x x
+
= =
Phng trnh c vit thnh
1
sin .cos sin .cos sin( ) sin
4
2
x x x

+ = + =
2 2
4 4
,
3
2 2
4 4
x k x k
k
x k x k

+ = + = +

e

+ = + = +

Cch 2:
Bin i phng trnh v dng
(sin cos ) 3(sin cos ) 2 2sin 6cos 2
4 4
1 3 1 1
sin cos sin cos cos sin
2 4 2 4 4 3 4 3
2 2
2 2
3 12 4
sin sin
4 3 4
2
12 4
x x x x x x
x x x x
x k x k
x
x k x

| | | |
+ + = + + =
| |
\ . \ .
| | | | | | | |
+ + = + + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
= + = +
| |
+ =
|
\ .

= +
,
5
2
6
k
k
= +

Qua hai cch gii bi trn ta nhn thy bng cch 2 ta thu c nghim phng trnh chn.
Bi trn cng c th s dng cch t tan
2
x
t = v ta cng thu c nghim chn
Th d 4: (H D 2007) Gii phng trnh:
2
sin cos 3cos 2
2 2
x x
x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

Gii:
Phng trnh
2 2
sin 2sin cos cos 3cos 2
2 2 2 2
x x x x
x + + + =
sin 3cos 1 x x + =
1 3 1
sin cos
2 2 2
x x + =
1
sin .cos cos .sin
3 3 2
x x

+ =
1
sin
3 2
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

2 2
3 6 6
,
5
2 2
3 6 2
x k x k
k
x k x k

+ = + = +

e

+ = + = +

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l 2 , 2 ,
2 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
Ch :
i vi phng trnh dng sin ( ) cos ( ) sin ( ) cos ( ) (*) a P x b Q x c Q x d P x + = + trong a, b, c, de
tho mn
2 2 2 2
0 a b c d + = + > v ( ) ( ) , P x Q x khng ng thi l cc hm hng s. Bng php chia cho
2 2
a b + ta c (*)
| | | | sin ( ) sin ( ) P x Q x + = + hoc
(*)
| | | | cos ( ) cos ( ) P x Q x + = + trong , l cc gc ph thch hp. Ta xt v d sau:
Th d 5: (H D 2009) Gii phng trnh: 3cos5 2sin3 cos2 sin 0 x x x x =
Gii:
PT
3 1
3cos5 sin5 2sin cos5 sin5 sin sin 5 sin
2 2 3
x x x x x x x x
| |
= = =
|
\ .

5 2
3 18 3
,
5 2
3 6 2
k
x x k x
k
k
x x k x

= + = +

e

= + = +

Vy phng trnh c nghim l , ,
18 3 6 2
k k
x x k

= + = + e
Th d 6: Gii phng trnh: cos7 sin5 3(cos5 sin7 ) x x x x =
Gii:
PT cos7 3sin7 3cos5 sin5 x x x x + = +
1 3 3 1
cos7 sin7 cos5 sin5
2 2 2 2
x x x x + = +
cos cos7 sin sin7 cos cos5 sin sin5
3 3 6 6
x x x x

+ = +
7 5 2
3 6
cos 7 cos 5
3 6
7 5 2
3 6
x x k
x x
x x k

= +
| | | |
=
| |
| | \ . \ .
= +
|
\ .

2 2
6 12
,
3
12 2
8 6 2
x k x k
k
k
x x k

= + = +

e

= + = +

Vy phng trnh c hai nghim
Th d 7: (H B 2012) Gii phng trnh 2(cos 3sin )cos cos 3sin 1. x x x x x + = +
Gii:
Nhn xt 1: Sau khi nhn ph ra ta nhm cm
2
2cos 1 cos2 x x = v 2 3sin cos 3sin2 x x x = , khng
cn h s t do v chuyn cung 2x sang mt bn, cung 1x sang mt bn th bi ton tr thnh bi ton c
bn nhng m rng ca bi phng trnh bc nht i vi sin v cos nn ta c li gii sau
Cch 1:
( )
2 cos 3sin cos cos 3sin 1 cos2 3sin2 cos 3sin x x x x x x x x x + = + + = (*)
Chia hai v cho 2 v bin i thnh
2
2
3
cos 2 cos 2 2 ,
2 3 3 3 3
3
x k
x x x x k k
x k
= +
| | | | | |
= + = + + e
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

=

Ch :
- Ta c th bin i v sin nh sau
M
2
M
3
M
1
cos2 3sin2 cos 3sin
2
2 2
2
6 6
3
sin 2 sin ,
2 6 6
2 2
6 6 3
x x x x
x x k
x k
x x k
x x k x k

+ =

+ = +
= +

| | | |
+ = e
| |
| |
\ . \ .

+ = + =
|

\ .

- C th gii phng trnh (*) nh sau
( ) cos2 cos 3 sin2 sin 0
3 3
2sin sin 2 3sin cos 0
2 2 2 2
2 3
sin 0
3 2
,
2
tan 3 2
2 3
x x x x
x x x x
x
x k
k
x
x k

+ + =
+ =

= =

e

= = +

Nhn xt 2: Sau khi nhn ph ra chuyn v mt v v nhm thnh hai cp
( )
2
2cos cos 1 x x v
( ) 3sin 2cos 1 x x + ta thy chng c nhn t chung l ( ) 2cos 1 x + v ta c li gii sau
Cch 2:
( )
2
2(cos 3sin )cos cos 3sin 1 2cos cos 1 3sin 2cos 1 0 x x x x x x x x x + = + + + =
( )( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2cos 1 cos 1 3sin 2cos 1 0 2cos 1 3sin cos 1 0 x x x x x x x + + + = + + =
2
2 1
cos
3
2cos 1 0
2
2 ,
1
3sin cos 1 0
cos
2
3 2 2
3
x k
x
x
x k k
x x
x
x k
= +
+ =
= e

| | + =

=
|
= + \ .

S dng ng trn lng gic tng hp nghim ta thy
Vi nghim 2 x k = tng ng trn ng trn l im
M
1

Vi nghim
2
2
3
x k
= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

2

Vi nghim
2
2
3
x k
= + tng ng trn ng trn l im

M
3

Nhn thy 3 im nghim khng trng vi hai im iu kin m
3 im nghim ny cch u nhau mt gc
2
3
nn ta c gp 3 im
nghim thnh
2
,
3
x k k
= e .
Vy phng trnh c nghim l
2 2
2 , ,
3 3
x k x k k

= + = e
Ch :
- Ta cng c th bin i v sin nh sau
1
3sin cos 1 0 sin sin
6 2 6
x x x
| |
+ = + = =
|
\ .

- Ta c bi ton tng qut nh sau khi xut hin cos2x (hoc
2
sin x hoc
2
cos x ), sin2 ,sin ,cos x x x v
h s t do ta c bi ton tng qut sau sin2 cos2 sin cos 0 a x b x c x d x e + + + + = ta bin i v mt
trong hai dng
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
2 sin cos 2cos 1 sin cos 0
2 sin cos 1 2sin sin cos 0
2 cos cos sin 2 cos 0
2 sin sin cos 2 sin 0
a x x b x c x d x e
a x x b x c x d x e
b x d x b e x a x c
b x c x b e a x d
+ + + + =
+ + + + =
+ + + + =

+ + + + + =

T s xut hin nhn t chung (vi cc h s , , , , a b c d e theo mt t l no ), vi dng bi ny
thi khi D nm 2010 (xem mc k nng a v phng trnh tch)
Tng t: Gii phng trnh
( )
6 6
8 sin cos 3 3sin4 3 3cos2 9sin2 11 x x x x x + + = +
Phng trnh
2
3
8 1 sin 2 6 3sin2 cos2 3 3cos2 9sin2 11 0
4
x x x x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

( )
( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
2
3cos2 2sin2 1 2sin 2 3sin2 1 0
3cos2 2sin2 1 sin2 1 2sin2 1 0
2sin2 1 3cos2 sin2 1 0
1
sin2
2sin2 1 0
2
3cos2 sin2 1 0
sin 2 sin
3 6
12
5
12
4
5
12
x x x x
x x x x
x x x
x
x
x x
x
x k
x k
x k
x k

+ =
=
+ =
| | | | + =
=
| |
\ . \ .
= +
= +
=
=
,k

Th d 8: (H B 2009) Gii phng trnh:
( )
3
sin cos sin2 3cos3 2 cos4 sin x x x x x x + + = +
Gii:
Phng trnh
( )
2
sin 1 2sin cos .sin2 3cos3 2cos4 x x x x x x + + =
1 3
sin3 3cos3 2cos4 sin3 cos3 cos4
2 2
x x x x x x + = + =
cos4 cos 3
6
x x
| |
=
|
\ .
4 3 2
6
x x k

| |
= +
|
\ .

2
6
,
2
42 7
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Hoc: Phng trnh
( )
1 3 1
sin sin3 sin 3cos3 2 cos4 sin sin3
2 4 4
x x x x x x x
| |
+ + + = +
|
\ .

1 3 3 1
sin3 sin 3cos3 2cos4 sin sin3
2 2 2 2
x x x x x x + + = +
1 3
sin3 3cos3 2cos4 sin3 cos3 cos4
2 2
x x x x x x + = + =
2
, 2 ,
42 7 6
k
x x k k

= + = e
Th d 9: Gii phng trnh 8sin tan cot 4cot2
6
x x x x
| |
+ + + =
|
\ .

Gii:
iu kin:
sin 0
sin2 0
cos 0
x
x
x
=
=
(*)
Phng trnh
2
8sin 4cot2
6 sin2
x x
x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

( )
2 2
4sin sin2 1 2cos2 2 3sin cos .sin2 3sin cos 0
6
x x x x x x x x
| |
+ + = + + =
|
\ .

( 3sin cos )(2sin2 3sin cos ) 0
3sin cos 0
2sin2 3sin cos 0
x x x x x
x x
x x x
+ + =
+ =

+ =

TH1: 3sin cos 0 cot 3 ,
6
x x x x k k
+ = = = + e

( )
3 1
TH2: 2sin2 3sin cos 0 sin cos sin2
2 2
5
2
6
sin sin 2 ,
2 6
18 3
x x x x x x
x k
x x k
k
x

+ = + =

= +
| |
+ = e
|
\ .

= +

Cc nghim trn u tha mn (*). Vy phng trnh c 3 nghim trn
Th d 10: Gii phng trnh
( )
tan 3cot 4 sin 3cos x x x x = +
Gii:
Phng trnh
2 2
sin 3cos 1 3
8 sin cos
sin cos 2 2
x x
x x
x x
| |
= +
|
|
\ .

1 2cos2 4sin2 .sin
3
x x x
| |
= +
|
\ .

2
cos cos2 cos cos 3
3 3 3
2
cos2 cos cos 3 cos 0
3 3 3
x x x
x x x

| | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .
( ( | | | |
+ + + =
| | ( (
\ . \ .

3 3
2cos cos cos 0
2 6 2 6 2 2
3
4cos sin sin 0
2 6 3 2 6
x x x
x x
x

( | | | | | |
+ + =
| | | (
\ . \ . \ .
| | | | | |
+ + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

sin 0
2 6
3
sin 0 ,
4 2 3
9 3
3
4cos 0
2 6
x
x k
x k
k
x
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

= +
| |
+ = e
|
\ .

= +

| |
=
|
\ .

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l
4 2
; ,
3 9 3
k
x k x k

= + = + e
Vy phng trnh c ba nghim trn
Ch : Cch khc xem V d 3 trang 23

Dng 2: Phng trnh thun nht bc hai i vi sinx v cosx .

a. nh ngha: Phng trnh thun nht bc hai i vi sinx , cosx l phng trnh.

2 2
sin sin .cos cos a x b x x c x d + + = (1) trong a, b, c, d e
b. Cch gii :
Cch 1:
Chia tng v ca phng trnh (1) cho mt trong ba hng t
2
sin x hoc
2
cos x hoc sin .cos x x .
Chng hn nu chia cho
2
cos x ta lm theo cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Kim tra: cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e xem n c phi l nghim ca phng trnh (1) hay

khng?
Bc 2: Vi cos 0 x = chia c hai v cho
2
cos x lc phng trnh (1) tr thnh

2 2 2
tan tan (1 tan ) ( )tan tan 0 a x b x c d x a d x b x c d + + = + + + =
y l phng trnh bc hai theo tan ta bit cch gii bng cch t tan t x = .
Cch 2:
Dng cng thc h bc
2 2
1 cos2 1 cos2 sin2
sin ;cos ;sin .cos
2 2 2
x x x
x x x x
+
= = = a phng trnh
cho v phng trnh sin2 ( )cos2 b x c a x d c a + =
y l phng trnh bc nht i vi sin v cos ta bit cch gii (dng 1)
Ch :
- Khi 0 d = th
2 2
sin sin .cos cos 0 a x b x x c x + + = gi l phng trnh ng cp bc 2
- i vi phng trnh ng cp bc n (n>3) vi dng tng qut
(sin ,cos ,sin cos ) 0
n n k h
A x x x x = trong ; , , k h n k h n + = e
Khi ta cng lm theo 2 bc:
Bc 1: Kim tra xemcos 0 x = c phi l nghim ca phng trnh hay khng?
Bc 2: Nu cos 0 x = . Chia c hai v ca phng trnh trn cho cos
n
x ta s c phng trnh bc n
theo tan. Gii phng trnh ny ta c nghim ca phng trnh ban u.

TH D MINH HA

Th d 1: (H B 2008) Gii phng trnh: x x x x x x cos sin 3 cos sin cos 3 sin
2 2 3 3
=
Gii:
Nhn xt 1: y l phng trnh ng cp bc 3 nn ta gii nh sau
Cch 1:
Thay cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e vo phng trnh ta c
3
sin 0 sin 0 x x = = nn , x k k = e
khng phi l nghim ca phng trnh
Khi cos 0 x = chia c hai v ca phng trnh cho
3
cos x ta c
( ) ( )
3 2 2 2
tan 3 tan 3.tan tan tan 1 3 tan 1 0 x x x x x x = + =
( )( )
2
tan 1
tan 1 tan 3 0
tan 3
x
x x
x
=
+ =

=
4
,
3
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Nhn xt 2: Ta nhn thy c cc nhn t chung v cc h s tng ng t l nn ta c li gii sau
Cch 2:
Phng trnh
( ) ( )
3 2 3 2
sin sin cos 3cos 3sin cos 0 x x x x x x =
( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( )
( )( )
( )
2 2 2 2
sin sin cos 3cos cos sin 0
sin sin cos sin cos 3cos cos sin cos sin 0
sin cos sin cos sin 3cos 0
sin cos 0
tan 1
4
sin cos 0 ;
tan 3
sin 3cos
3
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x
x k
x
x x k
x
x k
x x

=
+ + =
+ + =
=
= +
=
+ = e
= +
+

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l ; ,
4 2 3
x k x k k

= + = + e
Ch :
- Kt hp hai nghim
4
x k
= + thnh mt nghim
4 2
x k

= + v chng hp vi nhau mt gc
2

- Cng c th bin i
Phng trnh
( ) ( )
3 2 3 2
sin sin cos 3cos 3sin cos 0 x x x x x x =
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2
sin sin cos 3cos cos sin 0
sin cos2 3cos cos2 0
cos2 sin 3cos 0
cos2 0
2 2
;
sin 3cos
3
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x x
x k
x
k
x x
x k

=
=
+ =
= +
=
e
+

= +

Th d 2: (HC 2000) Gii phng trnh 1 3tan 2sin2 x x + =
Gii:
Cch 1: iu kin: cos 0 x = (*)
Phng trnh
2
sin
1 3 4sin cos cos 3sin 4sin cos
cos
x
x x x x x x
x
+ = + =
Nhn xt: y l phng trnh ng cp bc ba nn ta chia hai v ca phng trnh cho
3
cos x
Ta c
( )
( )( )
2 2
2 2
3 2 2
1 tan
3 4tan 1 tan 3tan 1 tan 4tan
cos cos
3tan tan tan 1 0 tan 1 3tan 2tan 1 0
x
x x x x
x x
x x x x x x
+ = + + + =
+ + = + + =

tan 1 ,
4
x x k k
= = + e (tha mn (*)) v
2
3tan 2tan 1 0 x x + = v nghim
Ch :
- Ta c th chia t u hai v ca phng trnh cho
2
cos x
- Nhn vo phng trnh ta thy xut hin tanx v sin2x ta ngh ti mi quan h nh gia chng
2 2 2
2sin cos 2tan
sin2
sin cos 1 tan
x x x
x
x x x
= =
+ +
hoc
2
2
2
2sin cos
2tan
cos
sin2 2sin cos
1
1 tan
cos
x x
x
x
x x x
x
x
= = =
+
t ta t
tan t x =
Cch 2:
t
2
2
tan sin2
1
t
t x x
t
= =
+

Khi ta c
3 2 2
2
4
1 3 3 1 0 ( 1)(3 2 1) 0
1
t
t t t t t t t
t
+ = + + = + + =
+

1 tan 1 ,
4
t x x k k
= = = + e (tha mn (*))
Vy phng trnh c duy nht 1 h nghim ,
4
x k k
= + e
Cch 3: Phn tch h s 3 1 2 = +
Ta c phng trnh 1 tan 2tan 4sin cos x x x x + +
2
sin cos 2cos 1
2sin 0
cos cos
x x x
x
x x
+
=
( ) ( ) sin cos 1 2sin cos sin 0 x x x x x + = (

( )
sin cos 0
tan 1
1 2sin cos sin sin2 cos2 2
x x
x
x x x x x
+ = =

+ =

,
4
x k k
= + e (V phng trnh sin2 cos2 2 x x + = v nghim)

Cch 4: Phn tch h s 1 3 2 =
Ta c phng trnh ( ) ( ) 3 1 tan 2 1 sin x x + = +
( ) ( )( )
2
2
2
sin cos
3 2 sin cos sin cos 3 sin2 2cos 0
cos
sin cos 0 tan 1
sin2 cos2 2 3 sin2 2cos 0
x x
x x x x x x
x
x x x
x x x x
+
= + + =
+ = =

+ = =

,
4
x k k
= + e (V phng trnh sin2 cos2 2 x x + = v nghim)

Th d 3: (HQG HCM 1998) Gii phng trnh:
3
sin 2sin
4
x x
| |
=
|
\ .

Gii:
Cch 1:
Ta nhn thy sin
4
x
| |
|
\ .
c th biu din c qua sin cos x x . Lu tha bc ba biu thc
sin cos x x
ta s a phng trnh v dng thun nht bit cch gii
Phng trnh
3
3
2 2sin 4sin 2sin 4sin
4 4
x x x x
( | | | |
= =
| | (
\ . \ .

3
(sin cos ) 4sin x x x = (*)
Xt vi cos 0 2 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e. Khi phng trnh c dng

3
sin 4sin
2 2
k k

| | | |
+ = +
| |
\ . \ .
mu thun
Vy phng trnh khng nhn 2
2
x k
= + lm nghim
Vi cos 0 x = . Chia c hai v ca phng trnh (2) cho
3
cos x ta c:
3 2 3 2
(tan 1) 4(1 tan )tan 3tan 3tan tan 1 0 x x x x x x = + + + = .
t tan t x = phng trnh c c a v dng:
3 2 2
3 3 1 0 ( 1)(3 1) 0 1 ,
4
t t t t t t x k k
+ + = + + = = = + e
H nghim trn tho mn iu kin ca phng trnh .
Cch 2:
T phng trnh (*)
3 2
(*) (sin cos ) 4sin (sin cos )(sin cos ) 4sin x x x x x x x x = =
2 2
(sin cos )(1 2sin cos ) 4sin cos 3sin 2sin cos 2sin cos 0 x x x x x x x x x x x = + =
2 2
cos ( 2sin 1) sin (2cos 3) 0 cos (cos2 2) sin (cos2 2) 0 x x x x x x x x + = + =
(cos2 2)(cos sin ) 0 cos2 2 x x x x + = = (loi) hoc tan 1 ,
4
x x k k
= = + e
Vy phng trnh c duy nht 1 h nghim ,
4
x k k
= + e
Cch 3.1: t
4 4
t x x t

= = + khi ta c phng trnh
3
sin 2sin sin cos
4
t t t t
| |
= + = +
|
\ .
(**)
( )
( )
2 2
sin sin 1 cos sin cos cos
cos sin2 2 0 cos 0 ,
2
t t t t t t
t t t t k k

= =
+ = = = + e

Vi
3
,
2 4
t k x k k

= + = + e
Cch 3.1: T phng trnh (**) ta thy nu sin 0 cos 1 x x = = th phng trnh (**) v nghim nn
sin 0 x = . Chia c hai v ca (**) cho
3
sin x ta c phng trnh
( )
2 2
1 1 cot cot 1 cot cot 0 t t t t = + + + =
3
,
2 4
t k x k k

= + = + e
Ch :
Ngoi phng php gii phng trnh thun nht nu trn c nhng phng trnh c th gii bng
phng php khc tu thuc vo tng bi ton gii sao cho cch gii nhanh nht, khoa hc nht.
Th d 4: Gii phng trnh:
1 tan
1 sin2
1 tan
x
x
x
= +
+

Gii:
iu kin
cos 0
2
,
tan 1
4
x k
x
k
x
x k
= +
=
e

=

= +

Cch 1:
Bin i phng trnh v dng:
( ) ( )
2 3 cos sin
cos sin cos sin cos sin
cos sin
x x
x x x x x x
x x
= + = +
+

Chia c hai v ca phng trnh (3) cho
3
cos 0 x = ta c:
( ) ( )
( )
3
2 2
3 2 2
1 tan 1 tan tan 1 tan
tan tan 2tan 0 tan tan 2 tan 0 (*)
x x x x
x x x x x x
+ + = +
+ + = + + =

(do
2
tan tan 2 0 x x + + = v nghim) nn:
Phng trnh (*) tan 0 , x x k k = = e
Cch 2:
Bin i phng trnh v dng
( )
2
2
2
cos
cos sin 2 4
cos sin 2sin cot
cos sin 4 4
sin 1 cot
4 4
x
x x
x x x x
x x
x x

| |
+
|
| | | | \ .
= + = + + =
| |
+ | | | | \ . \ .
+ + +
| |
\ . \ .

t cot
4
t x
| |
= +
|
\ .
ta c: ( )( )
3 2
2
2
2 0 1 2 0 1
1
t t t t t t t
t
= + = + + = =
+

Hay cot 1 ,
4 4 4
x x k x k k

| |
+ = + = + = e
|
\ .

Vy phng trnh c mt h nghim l , x k k = e
Cch 3:
Phng trnh ( )( )
2
cos sin sin cos sin cos x x x x x x = + +
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
3 3
2 3
2 3
cos sin sin cos 3sin cos sin cos
cos 1 cos sin sin 3sin cos sin cos 0
cos sin sin sin 3sin cos sin cos 0
sin sin2 cos2 3 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
x x x
= + + +
+ =
+ =
+ + =

sin 0 , x x k k = = e (V phng trnh sin2 cos2 3 0 x x + + = v nghim)
Cch 4: t
2
2
tan sin2
1
t
t x x
t
= =
+
ta c phng trnh
3 2
2
1 2
1 2 0
1 1
t t
t t t
t t
= + + + =
+ +

( )
2
2 0 0 t t t t + + = = (v phng trnh
2
2 0 t t + + = v nghim)
Vi tan 0 , x x k k = = e
Th d 5: (i hc Y Dc Thnh ph H Ch Minh 1997)
Gii phng trnh:
3
sin .sin2 sin3 6cos x x x x + =
Gii:
PT ( )
3 3
sin 2sin cos 3sin 4sin 6cos x x x x x x + =
3 2 3
4sin 3sin 2sin cos 6cos 0 x x x x x + = (*)
Nu cos 0 x = l nghim (*) ca th:
3
3
sin 1
cos 0
sin 1
4sin 3sin 0
4sin 3sin 0
x
x
x
x x
x x
=
=

=

=

=
v l
Chia 2 v ca (*) cho
3
cos 0 x = ta c phng trnh tng ng:
( ) ( )( )
3 2 2
* tan 2tan 3tan 6 0 tan 2 tan 3 0 x x x x x + = =
tan 2 tan
,
tan 3 tan
3 3
x x k
k
x x k

= = = +

e

= = = +

3
x k x k k
= + = + e vi tan 2 =
cos2
tan 2sin 2 0
1 cot 4
x
x x
x
| |
+ =
|
+
\ .

Gii:
iu kin:
1 cot 0
sin 0
cos 0
x
x
x
+ =

Phng trnh
cos2 .sin sin
sin2 cos2 0
sin cos cos
x x x
x x
x x x
+ =
+

sin 1
cos2 1 sin 2cos 0
sin cos cos
cos2 .cos sin .cos2
0
sin cos cos
x
x x x
x x x
x x x x
x x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
+
\ . \ .
+ =
+

2 2
2 2
sin cos
cos2 0
cos sin cos
cos2 (sin sin .cos cos ) 0
cos2 0 (1)
sin sin .cos cos 0 (2)
x x
x
x x x
x x x x x
x
x x x x
| |
=
|
+
\ .
+ =
=

+ =

2
(1) ,
4 2
1 5 1 5
(2) tan tan 1 0 tan arctan ,
2 2
x k k
x x x x l l

= + e

+ = = = + e

i chiu iu kin ta c nghim phng trnh l:
4
1 5
arctan
2
x k
x l
= +

= +

Dng 3: Phng trnh i xng i vi sinx v cosx.

a. nh ngha: Phng trnh i xng i vi sinx v cosx l phng trnh dng
(sin cos ) sin cos 0 a x x b x x c + + + = trong , , a b c e
b. Cch gii:
Cch 1:
Do
2
(sin cos ) 1 sin cos a x x x x + = + nn ta t
sin cos 2sin 2cos
4 4
t x x x x
| | | |
= + = + =
| |
\ . \ .
. iu kin | | 2 t s
Suy ra
2
1
sin cos
2
t
x x

= v phng trnh c vit li:
2
2 ( 2 ) 0 bt at b c + + =
l phng trnh bc hai bit cch gii
Cch 2:
t
4
t x
= th sin cos 2cos 2cos

4
x x x t
| |
+ = =
|
\ .

2
1 1 1 1
sin cos sin2 cos 2 cos2 cos
2 2 2 2 2
x x x x t t
| |
= = = =
|
\ .
nn phng trnh tr thnh
2
cos 2cos 0
2
b
b x x c + + = . y l phng trnh bc hai bit cch gii
Ch :
Hai cch gii trn c th p dng cho phng trnh (sin cos ) sin cos 0 a x x b x x c + + = bng cch t
sin cos t x x = v lc
2
1
sin cos
2
t
x x

=

TH D MINH HA

Th d 1: Gii phng trnh sin cos 2sin cos 1 0 x x x x + + =
Gii:
Cch 1:
t sin cos x x t + = iu kin | | 2 t s . Lc
2
1
sin cos
2
t
x x

=
Khi phng trnh c dng
2
2
1
1
2 1 0 2 0 (*)
2 2
t
t
t t t
t
= | |
+ = =
|
=
\ .

Vi 2 t = khng tho mn iu kin nn
(*) 1 sin cos 1 t x x = + =
2 1
2sin 1 sin , 2
4 4
2
2
x k
x x k
x k
= +
| | | |

+ = + = e
| |

\ . \ .
= +

Cch 2:
t
4
z x
= . Khi phng trnh c dng 2cos sin2 1 0

4
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

2cos sin2 1 0 2cos sin 2 1 0
4 2
z z z z
| | | |
+ = + =
| |
\ . \ .

2
2cos cos2 2 0 2cos (2cos 1) 1 0 z z z z + = + =
2
cos 2
2cos 2cos 1 0
2
cos
2
z
z z
z
+ + =

=
(**)
Ta thy cos 2 z = khng tho mn
Do (**)
3
2
2
4
cos
3 2
2
4
z k
z
z k
= +
= +

3
2
2
4 4
, 2
3
2 2
4 4
x k
x k
k
x k x k

= +
= = +

Vy phng trnh c hai h nghim l 2 , 2 ,
2
x k x k k
= + = + e
Th d 2: (H A 2007) Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2
1 sin cos 1 cos sin 1 sin2 x x x x x + + + = +
Gii:
Nhn xt:
Phng trnh c tnh cht i xng, iu gi cho ta bin i v phng trnh i xng vi sin v cos
bng cch t sin cos t x x = +
Phng trnh
2 2 2
cos sin cos sin cos sin (sin cos ) x x x x x x x x + + + = +
2
cos sin sin cos (sin cos ) (sin cos ) x x x x x x x x + + + = +
(cos sin )(1 sin cos sin cos ) 0 x x x x x x + + =
sin 0
4
sin cos sin cos 1 0
x
x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
+ =

Vi phng trnh th nht ta c ;
4
x k k
= + e
Vi phng trnh th hai t sin cos t x x = + ta c
2
2 1 0 1 t t t + = =
1
sin
4 2
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
2
;
2
2
x k
k
x k
= +

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l , 2 , 2 ,
4 2
x k x k x k k

= + = + = e
Ch :
Phng trnh sin cos sin cos 1 0 x x x x + =
y l phng trnh i xng vi sin v cos ngoi cch gii trn ta c nhn xt do cc h s u l 1 hoc
1 nn ta c th nhm v phng trnh tch nh sau
sin cos sin cos 1 0 (sin 1) cos (1 sin ) 0
2
sin 1
(sin 1)(1 cos ) 0 ,
cos 1 2
2
x x x x x x x
x k
x
x x k
x x k

+ = + =
=
=

= e
= = +

Ch : Ta c th a mt s dng phng trnh sau v dng phng trnh i xng xt trn
Bi ton 1: Gii phng trnh
2 2
tan cot ( sin cos ), 0 a x b x c a x b x ab + = =
Cch gii:
Phng trnh c th vit
2 2 2 2
sin cos
( sin cos )
sin .cos
a x b x
c a x b x
x x
=
( sin cos )( sin cos ) ( sin cos ) a x b x a x b x c a x b x + =
| | | |
( sin cos ) ( sin cos ) sin .cos 0 a x b x a x b x c x x ( =

| |
| |
sin cos 0
sin cos sin .cos 0
a x b x
a x b x c x x
=

=

Quy c:
Khi c nhiu du
| | trong mt biu thc hay mt h hiu l cng ly dng trn hoc cng ly dng
di
Th d 3: Gii phng trnh tan 3cot 4(sin 3cos ) x x x x = +
Gii:
iu kin: sin .cos 0 sin2 0 ,
2
k
x x x x k
= = = e (*)
PT
2 2
1
(sin 3cos ) 4(sin 3cos )
sin .cos
x x x x
x x
= +
(sin 3cos )(sin 3cos ) 4(sin 3cos )sin .cos x x x x x x x x + = +
(sin 3cos ). (sin 3cos )sin2 0 x x x x x
(
+ =

sin 3cos 0
sin 3cos sin2 0
x x
x x x
+ =

=

TH 1: sin 3cos 0 x x + = tan 3 ,
3
x x k k
= = + e tha mn (*)
TH 2: sin 3cos sin2 0 x x x =
1 3
sin cos sin2 cos sin sin cos sin2
2 2 3 3
x x x x x x

= =
2 2 2
3 3
sin sin2 ,
4 2 3
2 2
3 9 3
x x l x l
x x l
l
x x l x

= + = +

| |
= e
|
\ .

= + + = +

tha mn (*)
Vy theo phng trnh c hai h nghim
Bi ton 2: Gii phng trnh:
| | | | (tan sin ) (cot cos ) ( ) 0 a x x b x x a b + + = vi , , , a b c d e (1)
Cch gii:
Ta c:
| | | | (tan sin 1) (cot cos 1) 0 a x x b x x + =
| | | |
| |
(sin sin .cos cos ) (sin sin .cos cos ) 0
cos sin
(sin sin .cos cos ) 0
cos sin
a b
x x x x x x x x
x x
a b
x x x x
x x
+ + + =
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

| | | |
0 tan
cos sin
sin sin cos cos 0 sin sin cos cos 0
a b b
x
x x a
x x x x x x x x

+ = =

+ = + =

n y chng ta bit cch gii
Tng t cho phng trnh | | | | (tan sin ) (cot cos ) 0 a x x b x x a b + + =
Th d 4: Gii phng trnh tan 3cot sin 3cos 1 3 0 x x x x + + =
Gii:
iu kin:
sin 0
sin2 0 ,
cos 0 2
x
k
x x k
x
=
= = e
(*)
Phng trnh tan sin 3(cot cos ) 1 3 0 x x x x + =
1 3
(sin sin cos cos ) (sin sin .cos cos ) 0
cos sin
x x x x x x x x
x x
+ + =
1 3
(sin sin .cos cos ) 0
cos sin
x x x x
x x
| |
+ =
|
|
\ .

1 3
0
cos sin
sin sin .cos cos 0
x x
x x x x

+ =

TH1:
1 3
0
cos sin x x
= tan 3 ,
3
x x k k
= = + e tha mn (*)
TH2: sin sin .cos cos 0 x x x x + = .
t sin cos 2cos
4
t x x x
| |
= + =
|
\ .
vi | | 2 t s suy ra
2
1
sin . cos
2
t
x x

= .
Phng trnh tr thnh
2
2
1
0 1 0 1 2
2
t
t t t t
= = = hoc 1 2 t = + (loi)
Vi 1 2 t = ta c
1 2
2cos 1 2 cos cos
4 4
2
x x

| | | |
= = =
| |
\ . \ .

2 2 , ,
4 4
x l x l l

= + = + e e tha mn (*)
Vy phng trnh c ba h nghim
Ch :
Ta c th p dng phng php i vi phng trnh hn hp cha cc biu thc i xng i vi sinx
v cosx vi bc ln hn 2.
4 4
cos sin sin2
2 2
x x
x =
Gii :
Ta c:
4 4 2 2 2 2
cos sin cos sin cos sin cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x
x
| || |
= + =
| |
\ .\ .

Phng trnh c dng cos sin2 cos 2sin .cos x x x x x = =
2
6
1
sin2 5
cos (1 2sin ) 0 2 , 2
6
cos 0
2
2
x k
x
x x x k k
x
x k
= +

=

= = + e

=

= +

6 6
2 2
sin cos
8 tan cot
sin2
x x
x x
x
+
= +
Gii:
iu kin: sin2 0 x =
Phng trnh
2 2
2
2 2
3 sin cos
8 1 sin 2 2sin2
4 cos sin
x x
x x
x x
| |
| |
= +
| |
\ .
\ .

2
2 2 2
2
1
1 sin 2
2
8 6sin 2 4sin2 . (8 6sin 2 )sin2 4 2sin 2
sin 2
x
x x x x x
x
= =
3 2 2
3sin 2 sin 2 4sin2 2 0 (sin2 1)(3sin 2 2sin2 2) 0 x x x x x x + = + =
2
sin2 1 0
3sin 2 2sin2 2 0
x
x x
=

+ =

sin2 1
1 7
sin2
3
7 1
sin2 sin
3
x
x
x
= =
(loi)
4
,
x k
x k k
x k
= +
= + e
= +

Cc nghim u tho mn iu kin sin2 0 x =
Ch mt s dng i xng bc chn vi sin v cos
Dng 1:
( )
4 4
sin cos sin2 0 a x x b x c + + + =
t
4 4 2
1
sin2 , 1 sin cos 1 sin 2
2
t x t x x x = s + =
Dng 2:
( )
4 4
sin cos cos2 0 a x x b x c + + + =
t
( )
4 4 2 2
1 1
cos2 , 1 sin cos 1 sin 2 1 1 cos 2
2 2
t x t x x x x = s + = =
Dng 3:
( )
6 6
sin cos sin2 0 a x x b x c + + + =
t
6 6 2
3
sin2 , 1 sin cos 1 sin 2
4
t x t x x x = s + =
Dng 4:
( )
6 6
sin cos cos2 0 a x x b x c + + + =
t
( )
6 6 2 2
3 3
cos2 , 1 sin cos 1 sin 2 1 1 cos 2
4 4
t x t x x x x = s + = =
Dng 5: ( ) sin cos sin cos 0 a x x b x x c + + + =
t
2
1
sin cos , 2 sin cos
2
t
t x x t x x

= + s =
Dng 6: ( ) sin cos sin cos 0 a x x b x x c + + =
t
2
1
sin cos , 2 sin cos
2
t
t x x t x x

= s =
Dng 7:
4 4
sin cos .cos2 0 a x b x c x d + + + =
t
2
2
1
sin
2
cos2 , 1
1
cos
2
t
x
t x t
t
x

=
= s

+

Th d 7: (HSP HCM 2000) Gii phng trnh
4 4
4(sin cos ) 3sin4 2 x x x + + =
Gii:
2
1
4 1 sin 2 3sin4 2
2
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

2
3sin4 2sin 2 2 3sin4 cos4 1 x x x x = + =
2
4 2
cos 4 cos ,
3 3
12 2
x k
x k
x k

= +
| |
= e
|
\ .

= +

2 2
tan cot 2(tan cot ) 6 (*) x x x x + + + =
Gii:
Cch 1:
iu kin: sin cos 0 sin2 0 ,
2
k
x x x x k
= = = e
2
(*) (tan cot ) 2 2(tan cot ) 6 x x x x + + + =
2
(tan cot ) 2(tan cot ) 8 0 x x x x + + + =
tan cot 2
tan cot 4
x x
x x
+ =

+ =

TH1: tan cot 2 x x + =
2 2
1
tan 2 tan 2tan 1 0 (tan 1) 0
tan
x x x x
x
+ = + = =
tan 1 tan ,
4 4
x x k k

= = = + e
TH 2:
2 2
sin cos
tan cot 4 4 sin cos 4sin cos
cos sin
x x
x x x x x x
x x
+ = + = + =
1
2sin2 1 sin2 sin
2 6
x x
| |
= = =
|
\ .

2 2
6 12
,
7 7
2 2
6 12
x k x k
k
x k x k

= + = +

e

= + = +

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l:
7
; ; ,
4 12 12
x k x k x k k

= + = + = + e
Cch 2:
t
2 2 2 2 2 2
tan cot (tan cot ) tan cot 2tan cot tan cot 2 t x x t x x x x x x x x = + = + = + + = + +
2 2 2
2
2 tan cot 2 4 4 2
2
t
x x t t
t
>
> + = > >

s

Khi 2 tan cot 2 t x x = + =
2 2
1
tan 2 tan 2tan 1 0 (tan 1) 0
tan
x x x x
x
+ = + = =
tan 1 tan ,
4 4
x x k k

= = = + e
Khi 4 tan cot 4 t x x = + =
2 2
sin cos
4 sin cos 4sin cos
cos sin
x x
x x x x
x x
+ = + =
1
2sin2 1 sin2 sin
2 6
x x
| |
= = =
|
\ .

2 2
6 12
,
7 7
2 2
6 12
x k x k
k
x k x k

= + = +

e

= + = +

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l:
7
; ; ,
4 12 12
x k x k x k k

= + = + = + e
Th d 8: Gii phng trnh: sin3 2cos2 3sin 2cos x x x x = +
Gii:
PT
( )
2 2
2sin 1 cos 2cos cos 1 0 x x x x + + =
( ) ( ) 1 cos 2 sin cos 2sin cos 1 0 x x x x x + + = (

TH 1: cos 1 x = 2 k x + =
TH 2:
| | 2 sin cos ) 2sin cos 1 0 x x x x + = (2)
t sin cos t x x = + , 2 s t
T (2) ta c: ( ) 2 0 0 t t t = = ,
4
x k k
= + e
Vy phng trnh c 2 h nghim 2 k x + = ; ,
4
x k k
= + e
Th d 9: Gii phng trnh ) cos )(sin cos 2 ( 2 5 2 cos x x x x = +
Gii:
Phng trnh
2 2
2cos 1 5 4sin 2sin cos 4cos 2cos 0 x x x x x x + = + =
( ) 2 sin cos sin cos 2 0 x x x x =
t sin cos t x x = ( 2 2 t s s )
2
1
sin cos
2
t
x x

=
Phng trnh tr thnh
2
4 5 0 1 t t t + = = hoc 5 t = (loi)
Vi 1 sin cos 1 t x x = = 2sin
4
x
| |
|
\ .
=1 sin
4
x
| |
|
\ .
=
2
2

2
4 4
3
2
4 4
x k
x k

= +
= +
2
, 2
2
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Vy phng trnh c hai nghim trn

Dng 4: Dng cc php bin i, cc cng thc lng gic a phng trnh ban u v phng
trnh bc hai, bc ba i vi mt hm s lng gic
Mt s dng thng gp
Dng 1: Phng trnh bc hai theo sinx:
2
sin sin 0 ( 0; , , ) a x b x c a a b c + + = = e (1)
Cch gii:
t sin t x = , iu kin 1 t s
a phng trnh (1) v phng trnh bc hai theo t, gii tm t ch kt hp vi iu kin ri gii tm x
Dng 2: Phng trnh bc hai theo cosx:
2
cos cos 0 ( 0; , , ) a x b x c a a b c + + = = e (2)
Cch gii:
t cos t x = iu kin 1 t s ta cng a phng trnh (2) v phng trnh bc hai theo t, gii tm tri
tm x
Dng 3: Phng trnh bc hai theo tanx:
2
tan tan 0 ( 0; , , ) a x b x c a a b c + + = = e (3)
Cch gii:
iu kin: cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
t ( ) tan t x t = e ta a phng trnh (3) v phng trnh bc hai theo t, ch khi tm c nghim
x cn thay vo iu kin xem tho mn hay khng
Dng 4: Phng trnh bc hai theo cotx:
2
cot cot 0 ( 0; , , ) a x b x c a a b c + + = = e (4)
Cch gii:
iu kin sin 0 , x x k k = = e
t cot ( ) t x t = e . Ta cng a phng trnh (4) v phng trnh bc hai theo n t.
Dng 5: Phng trnh dng thun ngch
Loi 1: ( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
0
k k
A f x B f x C
f x f x
( (
+ + + + =
( (
(

Vi
( ) sin ,cos
1
f x x x
k
=
>

t ( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
k k
t f x f x t k
f x f x
= + + = , vi iu kin 2 t k > (ty tng trng hp c th
tm iu kin ca tham s t)
Ta c phng trnh
2
2 0 At Bt C Ak + + =
Loi 2:
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
tan cot tan cot 0 A a x b x B a x b x C + + + + =
t
2 2 2 2 2
tan cot tan cot 2 t a x b x a x b x t ab = + + =
Thay vo phng trnh ban u ta c mt phng trnh bc 2 theo t

TH D MINH HA

2 2
2sin tan 2 x x + =
Gii:
Cch 1:
iu kin: cos 0 x =
Phng trnh
2
2 2 2 4 2
2
2tan
tan 2 2tan tan tan 2 2tan
1 tan
x
x x x x x
x
+ = + + = +
+

2
4 2
2
tan 1
tan tan 2 0 tan 1 tan ,
4 4
tan 2 ( )
x
x x x x k k
x loai

=
| |
+ = = = = + e
|
= \ .

Cch 2:
2
2 2 2 2 2
2
sin
2sin 2 2sin cos sin 2cos
cos
x
x x x x x
x
+ = + =
2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2
2(1 cos )cos 1 cos 2cos 2cos 2cos 1 cos 2cos x x x x x x x x + = + =
2
4 2 2
2
cos 1 ( )
2cos cos 1 0 2cos 1 0
1
cos
2
cos2 0 2 ,
2 4 2
x loai
x x x
x
k
x x k x k

+ = =
= = + = + e

Vy phng trnh c nghim l ,
4 2
k
x k

= + e
8 8
1
sin cos
8
x x + =
Gii:
4 2 4 2 4 4 2 4 4
1 1
(sin ) (cos ) (sin cos ) 2sin cos
8 8
x x x x x x + = + =
2 4
2 4 2 4
1 1 1 1 1
1 sin 2 2(sin cos ) 1 sin 2 sin 2 2 sin2
2 8 4 2 8
x x x x x x
| | | |
= + =
| |
\ . \ .

2 4 4 2 4 4
1 1 1
1 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 8 8sin 2 2sin 2 sin 2 1
4 8 8
x x x x x x + = + =
4 2 2 2
sin 2 8sin 2 7 0 sin 2 1 sin 2 7 1 x x x x + = = v = > (loi)
cos2 0 2 ,
2 4 2
k
x x k x k

= = + = + e
Ch : C th dng cng thc h bc v t cos2 t x = hoc s dng BT cosi nh sau
Ta nhn xt, nu dng BT Cauchy s c
4 4 4
8 2
4 4 4
8 2
1 1 1 1
cos cos
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
sin sin
2 2 2 2
x x
x x
| | | | | |
+ + + >
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
| | | | | |
+ + + >
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Cng tng v 2 phng trnh
( )
4
8 8 2 2
1 1
sin cos 6 sin cos
2 2
x x x x
| |
+ + > +
|
\ .
8 8
1
sin cos
8
x x + >
Do phng trnh
4
8
2 2
4
8
1
cos
2 1
sin cos cos2 0
2
1
sin
2
x
x x x
x
| |
=
|
\ .
= = =
| |
=
|
\ .

2 ,
2 4 2
k
x k x k

= + = + e
Vy phng trnh c mt h nghim l ,
4 2
k
x k

= + e
Th d 3: (H B 2004) Gii phng trnh: ( )
2
5sin 2 3 1 sin tan x x x =
Gii:
iu kin: cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
Phng trnh
2 2 2 3
5sin (1 sin ) 2(1 sin ) 3sin 3sin x x x x x =
3 2
2sin sin 5sin 2 0 x x x + + =
t sin t x = vi
| | 1;1 t e
3 2 2
2 5 2 0 ( 1)(2 3 2) 0 t t t t t t + + = + = 1 t = hoc
1
2
t = hoc 2 t = (loi)
Vi sin 1 x = 2
2
x k
= + (loi)
Vi
1
sin
2
x =
2
6
,
5
2
6
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l
5
2 ; 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
2
3 4 2sin2
2 3 2(cot 1)
sin2 cos
x
x
x x
+
+ = + .
Gii:
iu kin: sin2 0 x = (*)
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( )
2 2
2 2
2
4 2(sin cos )
3 1 tan 2 3 2cot 3tan 3 2cot
sin2 sin cos
3tan 2tan 3 0
x x
x x x x
x x x
x x
+
+ + = + =
+ =

tan 3
3
,
1
tan
3
6
x x k
k
x
x k
= = +
=

= +
(Tha mn (*))
3 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
Ch : Cng c th quy ng hai v v gii
1 1
sin2 sin 2cot2
2sin sin2
x x x
x x
+ =
Gii:
iu kin: sin 0, cos 0 x x = =
Phng trnh
2
sin 2 sin2 .sin cos 1 2cos2 x x x x x + =
2 2 2 2
4cos sin 2cos .sin cos 1 4cos 0 x x x x x x + + =
2 2 2 2
4cos (1 cos ) 2cos (1 cos ) cos 1 4cos 0 x x x x x x + + =
4 3
4cos 2cos cos 1 0 x x x + + =
3 2
(cos 1)(4cos 2cos 2cos 1) 0 x x x x + + =
2
(cos 1)(2cos 1)(2cos 1) 0 x x x + + =
2 cos 1
,
1
2 cos
3 2
x k x
k
x k x

= + =

e

= + =

(tha mn)
Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l 2 ; 2 ,
3
x k x k k
= + = + e

Dng 5: Tm nghim phng trnh thuc min nghim cho trc

Khi gii phng trnh lng gic m gi thit yu cu tm nghim trn mt min c th no ta tin
hnh theo cc bc sau
Bc 1: Gii phng trnh lng gic bnh thng
Bc 2: Vi nghim tm c, ta gii bt phng trnh tm gi tr k nguyn
Bc 3: Khi tm c k thay vo x bc 1 v kt lun

TH D MINH HA

Th d 1: (H A 2002) Tm nghim (0;2 ) x e ca phng trnh:
cos3 sin3
5 sin cos2 3
1 2sin2
x x
x x
x
+ | |
+ = +
|
+
\ .

Gii:
iu kin:
1
sin2
2
x =
Ta c:
3 3
cos3 sin3 4cos 3cos 3sin 4sin x x x x x x + = + =
4(cos sin )(1 sin cos ) 3(cos sin ) (cos sin )(1 4sin cos ) x x x x x x x x x x + = +
v 1 2sin2 1 4sin cos x x x + = +
Khi phng trnh thnh:
5sin 5cos 5sin cos2 3 x x x x + = +
2
2cos 5cos 2 0 x x + =
1
cos 2 ;
2 3
x x k k
= = + e
Xt 0 2 2
3
k
< + <
1 5
0
6 6
k k
< < = v k e ta c
3
x

=
Xt 0 2 2
3
k
< + <
1 7
1
6 6
k k < < = v k e ta c
5
3
x

=
Vy cc nghim tha mn iu kin l
5
;
3 3
x x

= =
Th d 2: (H D 2002) Tm
| | 0;14 x e nghim ng phng trnh: cos3 4cos2 3cos 4 0 x x x + =
Gii:
Phng trnh
( )
3 2
4cos 3cos 4 2cos 1 3cos 4 0 x x x x + =
3 2 2
cos 2cos 0 cos (cos 2) 0 x x x x = =
cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
V | | 0;14 x e nn 0 14
2
k
s + s m k e nn 0 1 2 3 k k k k = v = v = v =
Vy cc nghim cn tm l
3 5 7
; ; ;
2 2 2 2
x x x x

= = = =
Th d 3: Tm nghim ;
2 2
x
(
e
(

ca phng trnh
2 2
2cos 2 3cos4 4cos 1
4
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

Gii:
Phng trnh
2 2
2cos 2 3cos4 4cos 1 sin4 3cos4 2cos2
4
x x x x x x
| |
+ = + =
|
\ .

12
cos 4 cos2 ,
6
36 3
x k
x x k
k
x
= +
| |
= e
|
\ .

= +

Do ;
2 2
x
(
e
(

nn
11
; ;
12 36 36
x x x

= = = l cc nghim cn tm ca phng trnh.
Th d 4:
a. Gii phng trnh:
( )
( )
( )
3
2
2tan
2cos sin2 sin cos cos2 sin 2 2 sin2 1 2cos sin tan2
1 tan
x
x x x x x x x x x x
x
+ + + + =

b. Tnh tng cc nghim ca phng trnh (1) trn on | | 1;2011.
Gii:
a. iu kin:
2 4

k x + =
( )
( )
( )
3
2cos sin2 sin cos cos2 sin 2 2 sin2 1 2cos sin 0 x x x x x x x x x + + + + =
( ) ( )
3
2 cos2 sin2 1 sin cos2 sin2 1 2cos sin2 cos 2cos 0 x x x x x x x x x + + =
( )
( ) ( )
2
cos2 sin2 1 2 sin cos 2cos sin2 2 0 x x x x x x + + =
( )
( )
( ) cos2 sin2 1 2 sin cos cos2 1 sin2 2 0 x x x x x x + + + =
( )
( )
cos2 sin2 1 cos sin 2 0 x x x x + + =
cos2 sin2 1 0
cos sin 2 0
x x
x x
=
+ + =

2
cos 2
2 2
4 2
4 4
,
4
2
cos 1
5
4
4
2
4
x k
x
x k
x k k
x k
x
x k

=
| |

+ =
+ = + |

\ .

= + e

| |
= +
=

|

\ .
= +

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c: , x k k = e
b. V | | 1;2011 x e 1 640 1 2011 s s s s k k
Tng cc nghim ca (1) trn [1; 2011] l 205120
2
641 . 640
) 640 ... 2 1 ( = = + + +
Th d 5: Tm tng tt c cc nghim x e [1;100] ca phng trnh:
4 4 4 4 4
sin sin sin
3 3
sin sin 4
4 2 4 2
x x x x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\
| |
+ + + +
|
\ . . \ .

Gii:
Ta c:
4 4 4 4
4
sin cos s
4
sin co VT x x x x
| | | |
= + + + + +
| |
\ . \ .

( )
2 2 2 2 2
sin cos 2sin cos 1 2sin
4
os
4
c x x x x x x
| | | |
= + + + +
| |
\ . \ .

2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 3
1 sin 2 1 sin 2 2 sin 2 cos 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x
| |
= + + = =
|
\ .

Nn phng trnh cho vit thnh:
4 4
sin 4 s
3 3
,
2 2
in 4 1 cos4 0
8 4
x x x x k k

= = + = = e
x e [1; 100] ta phi c: 1 s
8
+k.
4
s 100 8 s (2k+1) t s 800 m k e nn k =1, 2, 3

.,126
Nn tng cc nghim cn tm l: S =

= =
+ = +
126
1
126
1
) 1 2 (
8
) 2 1 (
8
k k
k k

Ta c
=
+
126
1
) 1 2 (
k
k l tng ca 126 s hng ca cp s cng c
1 126
3 v 253 u u = =
Vy S =
2016
2
126 ). 253 3 (
.
8
=
+

Th d 6: Tm nghim ca phng trnh: cos sin cos2 . 1 sin2 0 x x x x + = tha iu kin:
2007 2008. x < <
Gii:
t phng trnh cos sin cos2 . 1 sin2 0 x x x x + = (*)
Ta c: x 2 sin 1+ = x x sin cos + v
( )( )
cos2 cos sin cos sin x x x x x = +
(*)
( ) ( )
cos sin 1 cos sin cos sin 0 x x x x x x
(
+ + =

( )
( ) ( )
cos sin 0 1
1 cos sin cos sin 0 2
x x
x x x x
=

+ + =

+Gii (1) cos2x =0
+Gii (2) (1+ x 2 sin ).(1 +sin2x) =1sin2x =0 (v sin2x >0 khng xy ra )
Tm li : (*) cos2x =0 hoc sin2x =0sin4x =0 x =k ,
4
k
e
Vi iu kin: 2007 < x <2008 , chn cc s nguyn k =2556.
Vy nghim tha mn l: x =639 .
Th d 7: Tm nghim 0;
2
x
| |
e
|
\ .
ca phng trnh:
(1 cos ) (sin 1)(1 cos ) (1 cos ) (sin 1)(1 cos ) sin 2 x x x x x x x + + + + = + .
Gii:
( ) ( )
3 3
sin 1 1 cos 1 cos sin 2 x x x x
(
+ + = +
(

( )( )
2
sin 1 1 cos 1 cos 2 1 cos sin 2 x x x x x + + + = +
( )
( ) sin 1 1 cos 1 cos 2 sin sin 2 x x x x x + + + = + , do 0;
2
x
| |
e
|
\ .

( )
( )
2
(sin 1) 1 cos 1 cos 1 2(sin 1) 1 sin 1 x x x x x + + = + =
2 2
1 1 cos2 1
2(1 sin ) 1 cos
2 2 2
x
x x
+
= = =
cos2 0 ,
4 2
k
x x k

= = + e
V
1 1
0; 0
2 4 2 2 2 2
k
x x k
| |
e < = + < < <
|
\ .
v 0 k k e =
4
x

=
4
x

=
Th d 8: (i hc Kinh t Quc Dn H Ni 1997) Tm cc nghim
2 6
,
5 7
x
| |
e
|
\ .
ca phng trnh
sau: cos7 3sin7 2 x x =
Gii:
Phng trnh
1 3 2
cos7 sin7
2 2 2
x x

=
3
cos cos7 sin sin7 cos
3 3 4
x x

=
3
cos 7 cos
3 4
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

3
7 2
3 4
3
7 2
3 4
x k
x k

+ = +
+ = +
13 2
84 7
( )
5 2
84 7
k
x
k
k
x

= +
= +

Xt
13 2 2 6
;
84 7 5 7
k
x
| |
= + e
|
\ .
2 13 2 6
5 84 7 7
k
s + s
168 65 120 360 k < + < 233 120 425 k < < 2; 3 k k = =
Vi
13 4 35
2
84 7 84
k x

= = + =
Vi
13 6 59
3
84 7 84
k x

= = + =
Xt
5 2 2 6
;
84 7 5 7
k
x
| |
= + e
|
\ .
2 5 2 6
< <
5 84 7 7
k
+
168 25 120 335 k < + < 2 k =
Khi
5 4 53
84 7 84
x

= + =
Kt lun:
35 53 59
; ;
84 84 84
x

e
`
)

Th d 9: Tm mi nghim ca phng trnh:
( )
sin .tan2 3 sin 3tan2 3 3 x x x x + = tho mn bt
phng trnh
1
2
2 log 0 x + s
Gii:
iu kin: cos2 0
4
x x k
= = + , k e
Ta c:
( )
sin .tan2 3 sin 3tan2 3 3 x x x x + =
( ) ( )
sin tan2 3 3 3 3tan2 3 tan2 3 x x x x + = + = +
( )
( ) tan2 3 sin 3 0 x x + = tan2 3 x = do sin 3 0 x <
6 2
k
x

= + k e
Mt khc
1 2 2
2
2 log 0 2 log 0 log 2 4 x x x + s s > >
Ta tm k e sao cho 4
6 2
k
+ >
3
k
k
e

>

Kt lun:
6 2
k
x

= + vi
3
k
k
e
>

.
Th d 10: (HDB 1 A 2005) Gii phng trnh:
( )
2 2
3
4sin 3cos2 1 2cos , 0;
2 4
x
x x x

| |
= + e
|
\ .

Gii:
( )
3
2 1 cos 3cos2 1 1 cos 2 2 2cos 3cos2 2 sin2
2
x x x x x x
| |
= + + =
|
\ .

3 1
3cos2 sin2 2cos cos2 sin2 cos
2 2
x x x x x x = =
( )
5 2
18 3
cos 2 cos , ,
7 6
2
6
k
x
x x k l
x l

= +
| |
+ = e
|
\ .

= +

V ( )
1 2 3
5 17 5
0; ; ;
18 18 6
x x x x

e = = =
Th d 11: Tm tng cc nghim ca phng trnh:
2 3
2
2
cos cos 1
cos2 tan
cos
x x
x x
x

= tho mn 1s x s 70
Gii:
iu kin:
2
x k
= +
PT
2 2 2
2cos 1 tan 1 cos 1 tan x x x x =
2
2 cos 1
2
2cos cos 1 0 ,
1
3 3 2 cos
3 2
x k x
x x x k k
x k x

= + =

+ = = + e

= + =

V 1 70 x s s
2
1 70
3 3
k

s + s
{ }
3 210
, 0,1,2,...,31,32
2 2
k k k

s s e e
Phng trnh (1) c 33 nghim trn [1;70] lp thnh cp s cng :
0 1 32
2
; ;...; 32
3 3 3 3 3
x x x

= = + = + c cng sai l
2
3

0 1 2 32
33 2
32 363
2 3 3 3
S x x x x

( | |
= + + +.+ = + + =
| (
\ .

Tng t: (HSPHN A 2000) Tm cc nghim ca phng trnh
2 2
7
sin cos4 sin 2 4sin
4 2 2
x
x x x
| |
=
|
\ .
(1) tha mn iu kin 1 3 x <
HD:
PT (1)
1 1 3
sin .cos4 cos4 2sin
2 2 2
x x x x + = ( )
1
cos4 2 sin 0
2
x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

cos4 2
1
sin sin
2 6
x
x

=
| |
= =
|
\ .
2
6
,
7
2
6
x k
k
x m
= +
= +

Mt khc: 1 3 2 4 x x < < <
* Vi 2 2 4 0
6
k k
< + < = . Do :
6
x

=
* Vi
7
2 2 4 0
6
m m
< + < = nn
7
6
x

=
Vy phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim
6
x

= v
7
6
x

= tho mn (2)

2: CC K THUT GII PHNG TRNH LNG GIC HN HP

K NNG 1: DA VO MI QUAN H GIA CC CUNG

i khi vic gii phng trnh lng gic khi xem xt mi quan h gia cc cung t kt hp
vi cc cng thc lng gic, cc php bin i lng gic a v cc phng trnh c bn l
mt vn rt then cht trong vic gii phng trnh lng chng ta xt cc bi ton sau
thy c vic xem xt mi quan h gia cc cung quan trng nh th no

1 1 7
4.sin
3 sin 4
sin
2
x
x
x
| |
+ =
|
| | \ .
|
\ .

Nhn xt:
T s xut hin hai cung
3
2
x

v
7
4
x
m chng ta lin tng n vic a hai cung hai v cng

mt cung x. lm c iu ny ta c th s dng cng thc bin i tng thnh tch hoc cng thc v
cc gc c bit
Gii:
S dng cng thc bin i tng thnh tch
Ta c
3 3 3
sin sin .cos cos .sin cos
2 2 2
x x x x
| |
= =
|
\ .

( ) ( ) ( )
7 7 7 2
sin sin cos cos .sin sin cos
4 4 4 2
x x x x x
| |
= = +
|
\ .

S dng cng thc v cc gc c bit
Ta c
3 3
sin sin 2 sin cos
2 2 2
x x x x

| | | | | |
= + = + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Hoc
3
sin sin 2 sin cos
2 2 2
x x x x

( | | | | | |
= + = + =
| | | (
\ . \ . \ .

( )
7 7 2
sin sin 2 sin sin cos
4 4 4 2
x x x x x

| | | | | |
= + = + = +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Hoc
( )
7 2
sin sin 2 sin sin cos
4 4 4 2
x x x x x

( | | | | | |
= + = + = +
| | | (
\ . \ . \ .

Ch :
( )
( )
sin 2 sin
,
cos 2 cos
x k x
k
x k x
+ =
+ =
v
( )
( )
sin 2 sin
,
cos 2 cos
x k x
k
x k x

+ + =
+ + =

iu kin:
sin 0
sin2 0 ,
cos 0 2
x
x x k k
x
=
= = e

Phng trnh
1 1
4sin
sin cos 4
x
x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

( ) sin cos 2 2sin .cos sin cos x x x x x x + = +
( )
( )
sin cos 2 2sin .cos 1 0 x x x x + + =
tan 1
sin cos 0
2
2 2sin .cos 1 0 sin2
2
x
x x
x x x
=
+ =

+ = =
4 4
2 2 ,
4 8
5 5
2 2
4 8
x k x k
x k x k k
x k x k

= + = +

= + = + e

= + = +

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l
4
x k
= + ;
8
x k
= + ;
5
8
x k
= + vi k e
Th d 2: (H D 2006) Gii phng trnh: cos3 cos2 cos 1 0 x x x + =
Gii:
Cch 1:
T vic xut hin cc cung 3x v 2x chng ta ngh ngay n vic a cng v mt cung x bng cng thc
nhn ba v nhn i ca hm cos
Phng trnh
3 2
4cos 3cos 2cos 1 cos 1 0 x x x x + =
3 2
2cos cos 2cos 1 0 x x x + = ( )( )
2
2cos 1 cos 1 0 x x + =
( )
2
1
cos
2cos 1 sin 0 2
sin 0
x
x x
x
+ =
2
2
; 3
x k
k
x k
= +

2
2 , ,
3
x k x k k
= + = e
Cch 2:
Nhn xt: Ta c
3
2
x x
x
= v cung 2x cng biu din qua cung x chnh v th ta ngh n nhm cc

hng t bng cch dng cng thc bin tch thnh tng v cng thc nhn i a v phng s trnh tch
( ) ( )
2
cos3 cos 1 cos2 0 2sin2 .sin 2sin 0 x x x x x x = =
( )
2
2sin 2cos 1 0 x x + = Gii nh cch 1
Th d 3: (H D 2008) Gii phng trnh: ( ) 2sin 1 cos2 sin2 1 2cos x x x x + + = +
Gii:
Nhn xt:
T s xut hin ca cung 2x v cung x m ta ngh ti vic chuyn cung 2x v cung x bng cc cng thc
nhn i ca hm sin v cos t xut hin nhn t chung hai v
Phng trnh
2
4sin .cos 2sin .cos 1 2cos x x x x x + = +
2sin .cos (1 2cos ) 1 2cos x x x x + = + (1 2cos )(sin2 1) 0 x x + =
1
cos
2
sin2 1
x
x

=
2
2
3
,
4
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

2
2 , ,
3 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
Th d 4: (HDB B 2003) Gii phng trnh:
6 2
3cos4 8cos 2cos 3 0 x x x + + =
Gii:
Nhn xt 1:
T s xut hin cung 4x = 2.2x v 2x =2.x m ta c th a v cung x bng cng thc nhn i nh sau
( )
2
2 2 4 2
cos4 2cos 2 1 2 2cos 1 1 8cos 8cos 1 x x x x x = = = +
Cch 1:
Phng trnh
6 4 2
4cos 12cos 11cos 3 0 x x x + = (phng trnh bc 6 chn)
t
2
cos , 0 1 t x t = s s
Khi ta c
3 2
1
4 12 11 3 0
1
2
t
t t t
t
=
+ =

Vi
2
1 cos sin 0 , t x x x k k = = = = e
Vi
2
1 1 cos2 1
cos cos2 0 ,
2 2 2 4 2
x
t x x x k k
+
= = = = = + e
Nhn xt 2:
T s xut hin cc ly tha bc chn ca cos m ta c th chuyn v cung 2x bng cng thc h bc v
t cung 4x ta chuyn v cung 2x bng cng thc nhn i
Cch 2:
Phng trnh
( ) ( )
3
2 2
1 cos2 1 cos2
3 2cos 2 1 8 2 3 0 cos2 cos 2 3cos2 2 0
2 2
cos2 0
cos2 1 , 4 2
cos2 2
+ + | | | |
+ + = + =
| |
\ . \ .
=

= +

= e

=
=

x x
x x x x
x
x k
x k
x k
x

Nhn xt 3:
T s xut hin cc h s t l vi nhau m ta lin tng n vic nhm cc hng t v a v phng
trnh tch
Cch 3:
0 ) 1 cos 2 )( 1 cos 2 ( cos 2 2 cos 6 0 ) 1 cos 4 ( cos 2 ) 4 cos 1 ( 3
2 2 2 2 4 2
= + = + x x x x x x x
2 2 2 2 2
6cos 2 2cos (2cos 1)cos2 0 cos2 3cos2 cos (2cos 1) 0 x x x x x x x x ( + = + =

2 4 2
cos2 0
4 2
3(2cos 1) 2cos cos 0
k
x x
x x x

= = +

Phng trnh
4 2 2
2cos 5cos 3 0 cos 1 sin 0 x x x x x k + = = = = (v
2
3
cos
2
x = loi)
Vy phng trnh c hai nghim l , ,
4 2
x k k k

= + e
Th d 5: (HM 1997) Gii phng trnh
sin5
1
5sin
x
x
=
Gii:
iu kin: sin 0 x =
Phng trnh sin5 5sin sin5 5sin x x x x = =
Nhn xt:
T vic xut hin hai cung 5x v x lm th no a cung 5x v x c hai hng
Hng 1: Thm bt v p dng cng thc bin i tch thnh tng v ngc lai
sin5 sin 4sin 2cos3 sin2 4sin
4cos3 sin cos 4sin cos3 cos 1
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
= =
= =

2
cos4 cos2 2 2cos 2 cos2 3 0 cos2 1 x x x x x + = + = = hoc
3
cos
2
x = (loi)
2
1 cos2 0 2sin 0 sin 0 x x x = = = (loi)
Vy phng trnh v nghim
Hng 2: Phn tch cung 5 2 3 x x x = + , p dng cng thc bin i tng thnh tch kt hp vi cng
thc nhn hai, nhn ba
( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
2
3 2 2 3 2 2
sin 3 2 5sin sin3 cos2 sin2 cos3 5sin
3sin 4sin cos sin 2sin cos 4cos 3cos 5sin sin cos
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x
+ = + =
+ = +

5 3 3 2 2
12sin 20cos sin 0 3sin 5cos 0 x x x x x + = + = v nghim
3
3sin3 3cos9 1 4sin 3 x x x = +
Gii:
Nhn xt:
T s xut hin cc cung 3x v 9x =3.3x ta lin tng ti cng thc nhn ba cho sin v cos t a v
phng trnh bc nht i vi sin v cos
3
3sin3 4sin 3 3cos9 1 sin9 3cos9 1 x x x x x = =
2
1 3 1 1
18 9
sin9 cos9 sin 9 ,
7 2 2 2 2 3 2
54 9
x k
x x x k
x k

= +
| |
= = e
|
\ .

= +

2 7 2
, ,
18 9 54 9
x k x k k

= + = + e
Th d 7: (HTL 2000) Gii phng trnh
sin3 sin5
3 5
x x
=
Gii:
Nhn xt 1:
Nhn vo bi ny ta thy hai cung khng h c mt quan h g, vy chng ta phi tm mt cung
trung gian no gia hai cung trn, ta thy 5 4 2.2 x x x x x = + = + v
( )
3 2
sin3 3sin 4sin sin 3 4sin x x x x x = = . T y ta tm c cung trung gian l cung 1x
Vy a v cung 1x ta phi s dng cng thc nhn ba ca hm sin v cng thc sin ca tng
xut hin sinx t a v phng trnh tch gii
Phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( )
2
5sin3 3sin 4 5sin 3 4sin 3 sin cos4 cos sin4 x x x x x x x x x = + = +
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
5sin 3 4sin 3sin cos4 4cos cos2
sin 0
5 3 4sin 3 cos4 4cos cos2 *
x x x x x x
x x k
x x x x
= +
= =

= +

Phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( )
2
* 5 3 2 1 cos2 3 2cos 2 1 2 1 cos2 cos2 x x x x ( = + + (

2
cos2 1
3cos 2 cos2 2 0 ,
1 2 2
arccos cos2
2 3 3
x k
x
x x k
x k x
= =
= e
| |
= + =
|
\ .
vi
5
cos
6
=
1 2
, arccos ,
2 3
x k x k k
| |
= = + e
|
\ .

Nhn xt 2: Mt trong nhng k nng gii phng trnh bng cch a v phng trnh tch l phi ch
n cc cp nhn t chung v cc h s tng ng t l. Vi bi ton trn ta thy xut hin h s 3; 5 = 3
+2 v cung 3x; 5x =3x +2x. T ta tch h s v nhm li, s dng cng thc bin i tng thnh tch
xut hin nhn t chung. Bn s tm c li gii trn thng qua bi sau y
Gii phng trnh : 5cos3 3cos5 0
6 10
x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

5cos 3 3cos 5 0 5sin3 3sin5 2sin3 3(sin5 sin3 )
2 2
x x x x x x x
| | | |
+ + = = =
| |
\ . \ .

2
2
sin 0
2sin (3cos4 4sin 3) 0
3cos 2 cos2 2 0
x
x x x
x x
=
+ =

=

,
1 2
arccos
2 3
x k
k
x k
e
| |
= +
|
\ .

Vy phng trnh c hai nghim l
1 2
, arccos ,
2 3
x k x k k
| |
= = + e
|
\ .

Th d 8: (HTL 2001) Gii phng trnh:
3 1 3
sin sin
10 2 2 10 2
x x | | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .

Gii:
Nhn xt:
Nhn vo phng trnh ny ta ng dng cng thc bin i sin ca mt tng nhng li gp tr ngi ln l
cung
3
10
v
10
khng phi l cung c bit nn hng gii quyt kh thnh cng. Nhng nu
mt cht ta thy
3
3.
10 10

= v
3
3
2 2
x x
= t chng ta tm c mi quan h gia hai cung
3
10 2
x
v
3
10 2
x
+
Tht vy
3 3 9 3 3
sin sin sin sin3
10 2 10 2 10 2 10 2
x x x x
| | | | | | | |
+ = = =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
t ta t
3
10 2
x
t

= v
s dng cng thc nhn ba
Phng trnh
( ) ( )
3 2
2
sin 0
1 1
sin sin3 sin 3sin 4sin sin 1 sin 0
2 2 1 sin 0
t
t t t t t t t
t
=
= = =

=

TH 1:
3
sin 0 2 ,
5
t t k x k k
= = = e
TH 2:
2
1 cos2 1 3
1 sin 0 1 0 cos2 2 ,
2 2 3 5 3
t
t t t k x k k

= = = = + = e
Ch :
- Nu khng quen vi cch bin i trn ta c th lm nh sau
3 3 3
2
10 2 5 10 2
x x
t x t t

= = + =
Th d 9: (HGTVT 1999) Gii phng trnh
4 4
7
sin cos cot cot
8 3 6
x x x x
| | | |
+ = +
| |
\ . \ .

Gii:
sin 0
3 1
3 3
,
6 2
sin 0
6 6 6
x
x k x k
x k k
x k x k x

| |

+ =
+ = = + |

\ .
= + e

| |

= = =
|

\ .

Ta thy cot tan cot cot 1
3 6 2 3 6 3 6
x x x x x x
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+ + = + = + =
| | | | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ . \ . \ .

Ta c
( )
4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2
sin cos sin cos 2sin cos 2sin cos 1 2sin cos
1 1 1 3 1
1 2 .2sin cos 1 sin 2 1 1 cos4 cos4
2 2 4 4 4
x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x
+ = + + =
| |
= = = = +
|
\ .

Thay vo phng trnh ta c
3 1 7 1 1 1
cos4 cos4 cos4 cos4 cos
4 4 8 4 8 2 3
1
4 2
3 12 2
,
1
4 2
3 12 2
x x x x
x k x k
k
x k x k

+ = = = =

= + = +

e

= + = +

12 2
k
x k

= + e
Th d 10: (HQGHN 1999) Gii phng trnh:
3
8cos cos3
3
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

Gii:
t ( ) cos3 cos 3 cos3
3 3
t x x t x t t

= + = = + =
Phng trnh tr thnh
( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
( )
3 3 3 3
2
8cos cos3 0 8cos 4cos 3cos 0 12cos 3cos 0
3cos 4cos 1 0 cos 2cos 1 2cos 1 0
cos 0 1
3
cos 0
2cos 1 0 2 2cos 1 0
3
2cos 1 0
2cos 1 0 3
3
t t t t t t t
t t t t t
x
t
x t
t
x
+ = + = =
= + =
| |
+ =
|
\ .
| |
+ = =
|
\ .
+ =

| |
+ + =
|
\ .

Gii (1) cos 0 cos cos ,
3 3 2 3 2 6
x x x k x k k

| | | |
+ = + = + = + = + e
| |
\ . \ .

Gii (2)
2 2
1
3 3
cos cos cos ,
2
3 2 3 3 2
2
3
3 3
x k x k
x x k
x k
x k

= + = +
| | | |

+ = + = e
| |

= + \ . \ .

+ = +

Gii (3)
2
2
2 1 2
3 3
cos cos cos , 3
2 3 2 3 3
2 2
3 3
x k
x k
x x k
x k x k

+ = +
= +
| | | |

+ = + = e
| |

\ . \ .

= + + = +

Nhn xt: Cung 2
3
k
+ v cung
2
2
3
k
+ i xng nhau qua gc ta nn tng hp li ta c

2
3
x k
= + . Cung 2 x k = + v 2 k i i xng nhau qua gc ta nn tng hp li ta c

x k = . Vy nghim ca phng trnh l
2
; ; ,
6 3
x k x k x k k

= + = + = e
Bnh lun: Qua bi trn ta thy c gp
2 2
cos ,sin x x m gii nh trn th v hnh chng ta to thm
nghim v s khng tng hp c nghim nu khng bit cch, hn ch vic to thm nghim khi
gp
2 2
cos ,sin x x chng ta nn h bc v gii bnh thng nh sau
Phng trnh
( ) ( )
2
3cos 4cos 1 0 cos 2cos 1 0 t t t t = + =
6
cos 0
2
2
,
1
3 cos
2
3
x k
t t k
x k k
t
t k
x k
= +
= = +

= + e

=

= +

=

K NNG 2. BIN I TCH THNH TNG V NGC LI S DNG CC CNG THC
H BC KHI S M CHN
Ch : Ch p dng cng thc tng v tch khi cc h s ng trc sin v cos bng nhau (hoc bng 1)
m khng cn quan tm ti cung ca chng
TH D MINH HA

Th d 1: Gii phng trnh: sin sin2 sin3 sin4 sin5 sin6 0 x x x x x x + + + + + =
Gii:
Nhn xt:
Khi gii phng trnh m gp dng tng (hoc hiu ) ca sin (hoc cos) ta cn n cung sao cho
tng hoc hiu cc gc bng nhau
Phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( ) sin6 sin sin5 sin2 sin4 sin3 0 x x x x x x + + + + + =
( )
7 5 3 7 3
2sin cos cos cos 0 4sin cos 2cos 1 0
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x
x
( | |
+ + = + =
| (
\ .

2 7
sin 0
7 2
3 2
cos 0 ,
2 3 3
2cos 1 0 2
2
3
k x
x
x k
x k
x
x k

= =

= = + e

+ =

= +

2 2 2
; ; 2 ,
7 3 3 3
k k
x x x k k

= = + = + e
3 3
2 3 2
cos3 cos sin3 sin
8
x x x x

=
Gii:
Nhn xt:
i vi bi ny m s dng cng thc nhn ba ca sin v cos th cng ra nhng phc tp hn, chnh v
th m ta kho lo phn tch p dng cng thc bin i tch thnh tng
Phng trnh ( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 2 3 2
cos cos4 cos2 sin cos2 cos4
2 2 8
x x x x x x

+ =
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2 2
2 3 2 2 3 2
cos4 cos sin cos2 cos sin cos4 cos 2
4 4
2
4cos4 2 1 cos4 2 3 2 cos4 ,
2 16 2
x x x x x x x x
k
x x x x k

+ + = + =
+ + = = = + e

Cch khc:
S dng cng thc nhn ba
3 3
1 3 3 1 1 3
cos3 cos sin3 sin cos3 cos3 cos sin3 sin sin3 cos4
4 4 4 4 4 4
x x x x x x x x x x x
| | | |
= + = +
| |
\ . \ .

Bn c gii tip
Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l ,
16 2
k
x k

= + e
2 2 2 2
sin 3 cos 4 sin 5 cos 6 x x x x =
Gii:
Nhn xt:
T s xut hin bc chn ca hm sin, cos m ta ngh n vic h bc v kt hp vi cng thc bin i
tng thnh tch a v phng trnh tch
Phng trnh
1 cos6 1 cos8 1 cos10 1 cos12
2 2 2 2
x x x x + +
=
( ) ( ) cos12 cos10 cos8 cos6 0 x x x x + + = 2cos11 .cos 2cos7 .cos 0 x x x x =
( ) cos cos11 cos7 0 x x x = cos .sin9 .sin2 0 sin9 .sin2 0 x x x x x = =
sin9 0 9
9
,
sin2 0 2
2
x k
x x k
k
x x k
x k
= =
e

= =

=

9 2
x k x k k

= = e
Ch : C th nhm ( ) ( ) cos12 cos8 cos10 cos6 0 x x x x + =
2 2 2
sin tan cos 0
2 4 2
x x
x
| |
=
|
\ .

Gii:
Nhn xt:
Cch 1:
T s xut hin bc chn ca hm sin m ta ngh n vic h bc v nhm cc hng t a v phng
trnh tch
iu kin: cos 0 x =
Phng trnh
2
1 cos tan
2 1 cos
0
2 2
x x
x
( | |

| (
+ \ .
=
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 sin tan 1 cos 0 1 sin sin cos 1 cos 0 x x x x x x x = =
( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( )
3 3 2 2
sin cos sin cos 0
sin cos 1 sin cos sin cos sin cos 0
x x x x
x x x x x x x x
+ + =
+ + + =

(sin cos )(1 sin cos cos sin ) 0
sin cos 0
1 sin cos cos sin 0
x x x x x x
x x
x x x x
+ + =
+ =

+ =

Khi sin cos 0 tan 1 ;
4
x x x x k k
+ = = = + e
Khi 1 sin cos cos sin 0 x x x x + =
t
2
1
cos sin sin cos
2
t
t x x x x

= =
Ta c
2
2 1 0 t t + + = 1 t =
2 3
cos cos
4 2 4
x
| |
+ = =
|
\ .
2 3
2 , 2
4 4
2
x k
x k k
x k
= +
+ = + e
= +

So vi iu kin ta ch nhn 2 x k = +
Ch :
Phng trnh ( ) ( ) 1 sin cos cos sin 0 1 cos sin 1 cos 0 x x x x x x x + = + + =
( )( ) 1 cos 1 sin 0 x x + =
Cch 2:
2
2 2
2
1 sin 1
1 cos (1 cos ) (1 sin )sin (1 cos )cos
2 2 2 cos
x
x x x x x x
x
( | |
= + = +
| (
\ .

2
sin 1
2
(1 sin )(1 cos )(sin cos ) 0 cos 1 2 ,
tan 1
4
x k
x
x x x x x x k k
x
x k
= +
+ + = = = + e
= +

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c
k x k x + = v + =
4
2
Ch : V cos 0 sin 1 x x = = nn ta loi ngay c 2
2
x k
= +
Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l 2 , ,
4
x k x k k
= + = + e
2
2sin 2 sin7 1 sin x x x + =
Gii:
Nhn xt:
T s xut hin cc cung x, 2x, 7x v
7
2.2
2
x x
x
+
= chnh v th ta nh hng h bc chn v p dng
cng thc bin i tng thnh tch
Phng trnh
( )
2
sin7 sin 1 2sin 2 0 x x x = 2cos4 .sin3 cos4 0 x x x =
( )
cos4 0
cos4 2sin3 1 0
1
sin3
2
x
x x
x
=
=

=
4
8 4 2
2
3 2 ,
6 18 3
5 5 2
3 2
6 18 3
x k x k
x k x k k
x k x k

= + = +

= + = + e

= + = +

2 5 2
; ,
18 3 18 3
x k x k k

= + = + e
Th d 6: (HAG 2000) Gii phng trnh
2 2 2
3
sin sin 2 sin 3
2
x x x + + =
Gii:
Nhn xt:
T s xut hin bc chn ca hm sin v tng hai cung
6 2
4
2
x x
x
+
= m ta ngh n vic h bc v s
dng cng thc bin i tng thnh tch sau nhm cc hng t a v phng trnh tch
cos2 cos4 cos6 0 cos4 (2cos2 1) 0 x x x x x + + = + =
cos4 0
8 4
,
1
cos2
2
3
k
x x
k
x
x k

= = +

=

= +

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l , ,
8 4 3
k
x x k k

= + = + e
Th d 7: (HL 1995) Gii phng trnh
4 4
1
cos sin
4 4
x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

Gii:
Phng trnh
2
2
1 cos 2
1 cos2 1 2
2 2 4
x
x
| | | |
+
| |
+ | | \ .
|
+ =
|
| \ .
|
\ .
2 2
(1 cos2 ) (1 sin2 ) 1 cos2 sin2 1 2cos 2 1
4
x x x x x
| |
+ + + = + = =
|
\ .

1
2
cos 2 ,
4
2
4
x k
x k
x k
= +
| |
= e
|
\ .

= +

Vy phng trnh c nghim l , ,
2 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
2 2
2cos 2 3cos4 4cos 1
4
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

Gii:
PT
( )
2 2
1 cos 4 3cos4 4cos 1 sin4 3cos4 2 2cos 1
2
x x x x x x
| |
+ + = + =
|
\ .

1 3
12
sin4 cos4 cos2 cos 4 cos2 ,
2 2 6
36 3
x k
x x x x x k
k
x
= +
| |
+ = = e
|
\ .

= +

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l , ,
12 36 3
k
x k x k

= + = + e

K NNG 3: S DNG 7 HNG NG THC NG NH V MT S NG THC QUAN
TRNG

Thng gp mt s ng thc sau
( )
2
2 2
1 sin2 sin cos 2sin cos sin cos x x x x x x x + = + + = +
2 2 2
1 sin2 sin cos 2sin cos (sin cos ) x x x x x x x = + =
2 2
sin2
sin cos ,1 cos2 2cos ,1 cos2 2sin
2
x
x x x x x x = + = =
( )( ) ( )( )
3 3 2 2
sin cos sin cos sin sin .cos cos sin cos 1 sin .cos x x x x x x x x x x x x + = + + = +
( )( ) ( )( )
3 3 2 2
sin cos sin cos sin sin .cos cos sin cos 1 sin .cos x x x x x x x x x x x x = + + = +
2 2
sin cos sin cos 2
tan cot
cos sin sin cos sin2
x x x x
x x
x x x x x
+
+ = + = =
2 2
cos sin cos sin 2cos2
cot tan 2cot2
sin cos sin cos sin2
x x x x x
x x x
x x x x x
= = = =
4 4 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 3 1
sin cos 1 2sin .cos 1 sin 2 cos 2 cos4
2 2 2 4 4
x x x x x x x + = = = + = +
( )( )
4 4 2 2 2 2
cos sin cos sin cos sin cos2 x x x x x = + =
6 6 4 4 2 2 2
3 3 5
sin cos sin cos sin cos 1 sin 2 cos4
4 8 8
x x x x x x x x + = + = = +
6 6 4 4 2 2
cos sin cos2 (sin cos sin cos ) x x x x x x x = + +
sin cos 2sin 2cos
4 4
x x x x
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

cos cos sin sin cos
1
2 2 2
1 tan .tan
2 cos
cos cos cos cos
2 2
x x x
x x
x
x
x x
x
x x
+
+ = = =
Mi quan h gia cosx v 1 sinx l
( ) ( )
2 2
cos cos 1 sin 1 sin
1 sin cos 1 sin cos 1 sin cos
x x x x
x x x x x x
+
= = =

( )( ) cos3 sin3 cos sin 1 4sin cos x x x x x x + = +
( )( ) cos3 sin3 cos sin 1 4sin cos x x x x x x = +
3 3
3 3 3
3
cos .sin3 sin .cos cos4
4
cos .cos3 sin .sin cos 2
x x x x x
x x x x x
+ =
+ =

TH D MINH HA

x
x x x
2 sin
2
2 sin 4 tan cot = +
Gii:
Nhn xt:
T s xut hin hiu cot tan x x v sin2x ta xem chng c mi quan h th no, c a v nhn t
chung hay cung mt cung 2x hay khng
Ta c
2 2
cos sin cos2 2cos2
sin cos sin cos sin2
x x x x
x x x x x
= = t ta nh hng gii nh sau

iu kin:
sin 0
cos 0 sin2 0
2
sin2 0
x
k
x x x
x
= = =

2 2
cos sin 2 cos2 1
4sin2 2sin2
sin cos sin2 sin2 sin2
x x x
x x
x x x x x
+ = + =
2 2
cos2 2sin 2 1 2cos 2 cos2 1 0 x x x x + = =
cos2 1
1
cos2
2
x
x
=

Khi cos2 1 x = th sin 0 x = khng tha mn
Khi
1
cos2
2
x

= th
2
1
cos x
4
= tha mn iu kin
Vy ta nhn
1
cos2 ,
2 3
x x k k
= = + e
3
x k k
= + e
Ch :
- T mi quan h gia tanx v cotx, gia tanx v sin2x ta c th lm nh sau
t
2
1
cot
tan
2
sin2
1
x
t
t x
t
x
t
+

Ta c phng trnh
2
2
1 2 1
4 2
2 1
t t
t
t t t
+
+ =
+
Bn c gii tip
- Ta cng c th gii nh sau
( )
2
2
cot tan 4sin2 tan cot
sin2
sin
8sin cos 2tan 2 4cos 1 0
cos
1
2 1 cos2 1 0 cos2 ,
2 3
x x x x x
x
x
x x x x
x
x x x k k

+ = = +
= = =
+ = = = + e

4 4
3
cos sin cos .sin 3 0
4 4 2
x x x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

Gii:
Nhn xt:
T ng thc
4 4 2
1
sin cos 1 sin 2
2
x x x + = v hiu hai cung 3 2
4 4
x x x
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .

T ta nh hng a v cung mt cung 2x
Phng trnh
2 2
1 1
2sin cos sin 4 sin2 0
2 2 2
x x x x
( | |
+ + =
| (
\ .

2
sin 2 cos4 sin2 1 0 x x x + =
2
sin 2 sin2 2 0 x x + =
sin2 1 ;
4
x x k k
= = + e
4
x k k
= + e
( ) 1 sin cos2 sin
1 4
cos
1 tan
2
x x x
x
x
| |
+ + +
|
\ .
=
+

Gii:
iu kin:
tan 1
cos 0
x
x
=

Phng trnh ( ) ( ) 2sin 1 sin cos2 1 tan .cos
4
x x x x x
| |
+ + + = +
|
\ .

( ) ( )
sin cos
sin cos 1 sin cos2 .cos
cos
x x
x x x x x
x
+
+ + + =
sin cos2 0 x x + =
2
2sin sin 1 0 sin 1 x x x = = (loi) hoc
1
sin
2
x =
2
6
,
7
2
6
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

7
2 , 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
Th d 5: (HDB 2002) Gii phng trnh:
x
x
x
x x
2 sin 8
1
2 cot
2
1
2 sin 5
cos sin
4 4
=
+

Gii:
iu kin: sin2 0 x =
Phng trnh
0
4
9
2 cos 5 2 cos
8
1
2 cos
2
1
5
2 sin
2
1
1
8
1
2 cos
2
1
5
cos . sin 2 1
2
2
2 2
= + =
x x x
x
x
x x

9
cos2
2
x = (loi) hoc
1
cos2 ,
2 6
x x k k
= = + e
6
x k k
= + e
Th d 6: (H B 2005) Gii phng trnh: 1 sin cos sin2 cos2 0 x x x x + + + + =
Gii:
Nhn xt: T phng trnh ta nhn thy cc cp sin cos x x + ;( ) 1 sin2x + v cos2x u cha nhn t
chung l sin cos x x + nn ta nh hng a v phng trnh tch nh sau
Phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( )
2
sin cos sin cos cos sin cos sin 0 x x x x x x x x + + + + + =
(sin cos )(1 2cos ) 0 x x x + + =
sin 0
4 4
;
2
1
2
cos
3
2
x x k
k
x k
x

| |
+ = = +
|

\ .
e

= +
=

2
; 2 ,
4 3
x k x k k

= + = + e
Ch :
- Ta c th bin i nh sau
( ) ( )
2
sin cos 2sin cos 2cos 0 sin cos 2cos sin cos 0 x x x x x x x x x x + + + = + + + =
Hoc: ( ) ( )
2
sin cos 2sin cos 2cos 0 sin 1 2cos 2cos 1 2cos 0 x x x x x x x x x + + + = + + + = y l dng
phng trnh c bit xt v d 8 mc 1 trang 12 khi bin i khng cn h s t do
2
tan cos cos sin 1 tan .tan
2
x
x x x x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

HD:
iu kin:
=
=
0
2
cos
0 cos
x
x

Ta c:
sin .sin cos .cos sin .sin cos
1
2 2 2 2
1 tan .tan 1
2 cos
cos .cos cos .cos cos .cos
2 2 2
x x x x
x x x
x
x
x x x
x
x x x
+
+ = + = = =
Phng trnh
2 ) 0 (cos 1 cos 0 ) cos 1 ( cos
cos
sin
cos cos tan
2
k x x x x x
x
x
x x x = = = = = +
Vy phng trnh c nghim l 2 ; x k k = e
Th d 8: (H B 2006) Gii phng trnh: cot sin 1 tan tan 4
2
x
x x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

Gii:
iu kin:
sin 0
cos 0 sin2 0 ,
2
cos 0
2
= = = e
x
x x x k k
x

Phng trnh
sin
sin
2
cot sin 1 . 4
cos
cos
2
x
x
x x
x
x
| |
|
+ + =
|
|
|
\ .

cos .cos sin .sin
2 2
cot sin 4
cos .cos
2
x x
x x
x x
x
x
| |
+
|
+ =
|
|
\ .
cos
2
cot sin . 4
cos .cos
2
x
x x
x
x
+ =
cos sin
4
sin cos
x x
x x
+ = 1 4sin .cos x x =
2 2
1
6 12
sin2 ,
5 5 2
2 2
6 12
x k x k
x k
x k x k

= + = +

= e

= + = +

12
x k
= + ;
5
12
x k
= + vi k e
5
; ,
12 12
x k x k k

= + = + e
2cos4
cot tan
sin2
x
x x
x
= +
Gii:
iu kin: 1 2 cos 0 2 sin = = x x
Phng trnh
2
cos sin cos4
cos2 cos4 2cos 2 cos2 1 0
sin cos sin .cos
x x x
x x x x
x x x x
= = =
cos2 1 x = (loi) hoc
1 2
cos2 ,
2 3
x x k k
= = + e
2
;
3
x k k
= + e
( )
( )( )
1 2sin cos
3
1 2sin 1 sin
x x
x x
=
+
.
Gii:
Cch 1:
iu kin:
sin 1
1
sin
2
x
x
=

Phng trnh ( ) ( )( ) 1 2sin cos 3 1 2sin 1 sin x x x x = +
2
cos 2sin cos 3 3sin 2 3sin x x x x x = +
( )
2
cos 3sin sin2 3 1 2sin x x x x = +
cos 3sin sin2 3cos2 x x x x = +
1 3 1 3
cos sin sin2 cos2
2 2 2 2
x x x x = +
cos .cos sin .sin sin2 .sin cos2 .cos
3 3 6 6
x x x x

= + cos cos 2
3 6
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

2
2
2 2 ;
2 6 3
18 3
x k
x x k k
x k
= +
| |
= + + e
|
\ .

= +

Cch 2:
2
cos cos 1 sin
1 sin cos (1 sin ) cos
x x x
x x x x
+
= =

Phng trnh thnh:
(1 2sin )(1 sin ) sin cos2
3 3
(1 2sin )cos cos sin2
x x x x
x x x x
+ +
= =
+ +

( ) ( )
3cos sin 3sin2 cos2 0 sin sin 2 0
3 6
x x x x x x
| | | |
+ + = + + =
| |
\ . \ .

3
2sin cos 0
2 12 2 4
x x | | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

TH 1:
3 3 2
sin 0 ,
2 12 2 12 18 3
x x
k x k k

| |
+ = + = = + e
|
\ .
(biu din trn ng trn lng
gic ng vi cc cung l
11 23
, ,
18 18 18

, kim tra bng my tnh th tha cc iu kin ban u)
TH 2: cos 0 3 2 ,
2 4 2 4 2 2
x x
l x l l

| |
= = + = + e
|
\ .
(khi sin 1 x = khng tha iu
kin ban u)
Vy nghim phng trnh l
2
,
18 3
x k k

= + e
Ch : Phng trnh
sin cos2
3 3cos sin 3sin2 cos2
cos sin2
x x
x x x x
x x
+
= + = +
+
(phng trnh bc
nht i vi sin v cos xem dng 1 dng 1 gii)

K NNG 4: A V PHNG TRNH TCH

Xu hng trong thi i hc cc nm gn y gii phng trnh lng gic thng a v
phng trnh tch bng cch s dng cc cng thc lng gic, cc php bin i lng gic, cc k
nng tch nhm, t nhn t chung quan st cc bi sau y

C th: Khi trong phng trnh sut hin cc cp sau
Cp ( )
2
1 sin2 sin cos x x x + = + v ( )( ) cos2 cos sin cos sin x x x x x = + v
( )( )
3 3
cos sin cos sin 1 sin cos x x x x x x + = + v
4 4
cos sin x x v cos3 sin3 x x c nhn t chung l
( ) cos sin x x +
Cp
sin cos
1 tan
cos
x x
x
x
+
+ = v
sin cos
1 cot
sin
x x
x
x
+
+ = c nhn t chung l ( ) sin cos x x +
Cc cp 1 sin2 ;cos2 ;1 tan x x x v 1 cot x c nhn t chung l cos sin x x
Cp
2
sin x ;
2
cos cos x x v
2
tan x c nhn t chung l ( )( ) 1 cos 1 cos x x +
Cp
2
cos x ;
2
sin sin x x v
2
cot x c nhn t chung l ( ) ( ) 1 sin 1 sin x x +
V cn rt nhiu cc cp khc, trong qu trnh lm bi tp cc bn t tm ra nh, ch li ch gii
phng trnh bng cc ng thc y
Ch : Khi a v phng trnh tch c bit ch cc cp h s t l hoc bng nhau trong h s 3
thng nhm vo cp c lin quan ti phng trnh sin cos a x b x c + = ; h s 2 thng lin quan ti
cng thc sin cos 2sin 2cos
4 4
x x x x
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

TH D MINH HA

2
cos2 1
cot 1 sin sin2
1 tan 2
x
x x x
x
= +
+

Gii:
Nhn xt: cc cp cot 1 x v cos2x v
2
1
sin sin2
2
x x u ch nhn t chung l cos sin x x nn c
nh hng gii nh sau
iu kin: cos 0,sin 0,tan 1 x x x = = =
( )
2 2
2
cos cos sin
cos sin
sin sin cos
sin cos sin
x x x
x x
x x x
x x x
= +
+

2 2
cos sin
cos sin cos sin sin cos
sin
x x
x x x x x x
x
= +
cos sin
1 2sin cos
sin
x x
x x
x
=
2 2
cos sin sin (cos sin ) (cos sin )(1 sin cos sin ) 0 x x x x x x x x x x = + =
2
2
cos sin 0
(cos sin )(1 sin cos sin ) 0
1 sin cos sin 0
x x
x x x x x
x x x
=
+ =

+ =

,
4
x k k
= + e (tha mn iu kin)
Gii phng trnh
2
1 sin cos sin 0 x x x + = y l phng trnh ng cp nn chia hai v phng trnh
cho cos 0 x = ta c
2
2tan tan 1 0 x x + = v nghim)
4
x k k
= + e
Ch :
- Ta c th bin i nh sau
2
2
cos sin cos (cos sin )(cos sin )
sin (cos sin )
sin cos sin
cos sin 0
(cos sin )(1 sin cos sin ) 0
1 sin cos sin 0
x x x x x x x
x x x
x x x
x x
x x x x x
x x x
+
=
+
=
+ =

+ =

Gii phng trnh
2
1 1 cos2
1 sin cos sin 0 1 sin2 0 sin2 cos2 3
2 2
x
x x x x x x
+ = + = + =
(V nghim v
2 2 2
1 1 3 + < )
- Phng trnh cha cc cp tanx, sin2x, cos2x nn c th t tan t x =
Th d 2: (H D 2004) Gii phng trnh: ( )( ) 2cos 1 2sin cos sin2 sin x x x x x + =
Gii:
Nhn xt: V phi ( ) sin2 sin 2sin cos sin sin 2cos 1 x x x x x x x = = c chung nhn t ( ) 2cos 1 x
nn ta nh hng a v phng trnh tch nh sau
( )( ) ( ) 2cos 1 2sin cos sin 2cos 1 x x x x x + =
1
2cos 1 0 cos
(2cos 1)(sin cos ) 0 2
sin cos 0
tan 1
x x
x x x
x x
x
= =

+ =

+ =

2
3
,
4
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l 2 , ,
3 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
Ch : C th nhn ph ra VT ca phng trnh v nhm li cng c mt phng trnh tch nh trn
Th d 3: (H D 2008) Gii phng trnh: ( ) 2sin 1 cos2 sin2 1 2cos x x x x + + = +
Gii:
Phng trnh
2
4sin .cos 2sin .cos 1 2cos x x x x x + = +
2sin .cos (1 2cos ) 1 2cos x x x x + = + (1 2cos )(sin2 1) 0 x x + =
1
cos
2
sin2 1
x
x

=
2
2
3
,
4
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

2
2 , ,
3 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
Hoc ta c th bin i nh sau (nhn vo v nhm thnh tng cp)
( ) ( ) 2 sin cos 1 sin2 2sin cos2 0 x x x x x + =
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )( )
2
2
2 sin cos sin cos 2sin cos sin cos sin 0
sin cos 2 sin cos 2sin cos 2sin 0
x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + =
+ + =

Bn c gii tip
Th d 4: (H B 2010) Gii phng trnh: ( ) sin 2 cos 2 cos 2cos 2 sin 0 x x x x x + + =
Gii:
Phng trnh
2
2sin .cos sin cos2 .cos 2cos2 0 x x x x x x + + =
( ) ( )
2
sin 2cos 1 cos 2 cos2 0 x x x x + + = ( ) cos2 sin cos 2 0 x x x + + =
cos2 0
cos2 0
2sin 2
4
x
x
x

=
=
| |
+ =
|
\ .
hoc sin 2 1
4
x
| |
+ = <
|
\ .
(loi)
2 ,
2 4 2
x k x k k

= + = + e
4 2
x k k

= + e
Th d 5: (H D 2010) Gii phng trnh : sin2 cos2 3sin cos 1 0 x x x x + =
Gii:
Phng trnh
2
2sin cos 1 2sin 3sin cos 1 0 x x x x x + + =
2
cos(2sin 1) 2sin 3sin 2 0
cos (2sin 1) (2sin 1)(sin 2) 0
(2sin 1)(cos sin 2) 0
x x x
x x x x
x x x
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =

1
sin
2
x = hoc cos sin 2 x x + = (v nghim)
2
6
,
5
2
6
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

5
2 ; 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
Th d 6: (HDB 2003) Gii phng trnh: ( ) 3 tan tan 2sin 6cos 0 x x x x + + =
Gii:
iu kin: cosx 0 =
Phng trnh
0 cos 6 ) cos 2 1 ( sin cos 3 0 cos 6
cos
cos sin 2 sin
cos
sin
3
3 2 2
= + + = + |
.
|
\
| +
x x x x x
x
x x x
x
x

0 ) sin cos 3 )( cos 2 1 ( 0 ) cos 2 1 ( sin ) cos 2 1 ( cos 3
2 2 2 2
= + = + + x x x x x x x
2
2
1
cos
1 1 1
2
cos 1 cos2 cos2 ,
1 4 2 2 3
cos
4
x
x x x x k k
x
= + = = = + e

Vy phng trnh c nghim l ;
3
x k k
= + e
( )
2
cos2 cos 2tan 1 2 x x x + =
Gii:
iu kin: cosx 0 =
Phng trnh
2 2
2
2
sin sin
cos2 2 cos 2 2 cos 2 cos2 1 2sin
cos cos
1
2sin 1 1 cos
cos
x x
x x x x x
x x
x x
x
+ = = = +
| |
= +
|
\ .

0 ] cos ) cos 1 ( 2 )[ cos 1 ( cos ) cos 1 ( ) cos 1 )( cos 1 ( 2
2 2
= + + = x x x x x x x
2
cos 1
cos 1
,
1
cos 2cos 5cos 2 0
2
x
x
k
x x x
=
=

e

= + =

Vy phng trnh c nghim l 2 , 2 ,
3
x k k k
= + + e
Th d 8: (HDB 2003) Gii phng trnh: ) sin 1 ( 2
cos sin
) 1 (cos cos
2
x
x x
x x
+ =
+

HD:
iu kin: 0
4
sin 2 cos sin = |
.
|
\
|
+ = +

x x x
Phng trnh
2
(1 sin )(cos 1) 2(sin cos )(1 sin ) x x x x x = + +
(1 sin )[(1 sin )(cos 1) 2(sin cos )] 0 x x x x x + + =
sin 1 sin 1 2
, 2
(1 cos )(1 sin ) 0 cos 1
2
x x x k
k
x x x
x k
= = = +

e

+ + = =

= +

Vy phng trnh c nghim l 2 , 2 ;
2
x k x k k
= + = + e
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + = + + +
Gii:
PT
2 2 3 3 4 4
(sin cos ) (sin cos ) (sin cos ) (sin cos ) 0 x x x x x x x x + + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
(sin cos ) 1 sin cos 1 sin cos sin cos 0
sin cos 2 2 sin cos sin cos 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
( + + + + + + =

( + + + =

( )
sin cos 0
2 2 sin cos sin cos 0
x x
x x x x
=

+ + + =

TH1: sin cos 0 x x = sin cos tan 1 ,
4
x x x x k k
= = = + e
TH2: ( ) 2 2 sin cos sin cos 0 x x x x + + + =
t sin cos ,| | 2 x x t t + = s (*) suy ra
2
1
sin cos
2
t
x x

=
Khi phng trnh c dng
2
2
1
1
2 2 0 4 3 0
3 2
t
t
t t t
t
=
+ + = + + =

=

Kt hp vi iu kin (*) phng trnh trn tng ng vi
1
sin cos 1 2sin 1 sin
4 4
2
x x x x
| | | |
+ = + = + =
| |
\ . \ .

2
2
4 4
, 2
5
2 2
3 4
x k
x k
k
x k x k

+ = +
= +
= + + = +

Th du 10: Gii phng trnh 1 sin cos3 cos sin2 cos2 x x x x x + + = + +
Gii:
PT (1 cos2 ) sin (cos3 cos ) sin2 0 x x x x x + + =
2
2sin sin 2sin2 sin 2sin cos 0
(2sin 1 4sin cos 2cos )sin 0 (2sin 1)(1 2cos )sin 0
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
+ =
+ = + =

2
1 3
cos
2
sin 0 ,
2
1 6
sin
7 2
2
6
x k
x
x k
x k
x k
x
x k
= +

= e
= +
= +

Vy phng trnh c 5 h nghim .

K NNG 5: K NNG LOI NGHIM HOC KT HP NGHIM

Phng php 1: Biu din iu kin v nghim thng qua mt hm lng gic

2 3
2
2
cos cos 1
cos2 tan
cos
x x
x x
x

=
Gii:
iu kin: cos 0 x = (*)
Phng trnh
2 2 2
2
cos 1
2cos cos 1 0
1
cos
2
x
x x
x
=
+ =

=

i chiu vi iu kin (*) ta thy c hai nghim u tha mn
Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l 2 ; 2 ,
3
x k x k k
= + = + e
1 1 2
cos sin2 sin4 x x x
+ =
Gii:
iu kin:
( )
2
cos 0 sin 1
sin2 2sin cos 0 sin 0
sin4 2sin2 .cos2 2sin2 1 2sin 0 2
sin
2
x x
x x x x
x x x x x
x

= =

= = =

= = =

=
(*)
Phng trnh
( )
2
4sin cos2 cos2 2 sin 2sin sin 1 0 x x x x x x + = + =
sin 0 x = hoc sin 1 x = hoc
1
sin
2
x =
i chiu vi iu kin (*) ch c
1
sin
2
x = tha mn
5
2 ; 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
2 4
sin 2 cos 2 1
0
sin .cos
x x
x x
+
=
Gii:
iu kin sin2 0 x >
Khi phng trnh cho tr thnh
2
2 4 4 2
2
cos 2 0 sin2 1
sin 2 cos 2 1 0 cos 2 cos 2 0
sin2 0
cos 2 1
x x
x x x x
x
x
= =
+ = =

=
=

i chiu iu kin ta c sin2 1 2 .2 ,
2 4
x x k x k k

= = + = + e
Nhn xt: Qua 3 th d ny ta thy vic bin i nghim ca phng trnh v iu kin ban u bng
cch a v so snh cng mt loi hm ht sc n gin v hiu qu
Ch : Trong phn ny cn s dng tt cc cng thc sau:
Cng thc nhn i
Cng thc h bc
Cc hng ng thc c bn ca lng gic
T ta c cc kt qu cn ch sau
sin 0
sin2 0
cos 0
a
a
a
=
=

=

sin 0
sin2 0
cos 0
a
a
a
=
=

=

2
sin 0 cos 1 a a = = ;
2
sin 1 cos 0 a a = =
2
cos 0 sin 1 a a = = ;
2
cos 1 sin 0 a a = =
sin 0 cos 1 a a = = ; cos 0 sin 1 a a = =

Phng php 2: S dng php bin i lng gic

Th d: Gii phng trnh
( )
2
4
4
2 sin 2 sin3
tan 1
cos
x x
x
x
+ =
Gii:
iu kin: cos 0 sin 1 x x = =
PT
( ) ( )
2
4 4 2 2
2 sin 2
sin cos 2 sin 2 sin3 2 sin 2 sin3
2
x
x x x x x x
+ = =
( )( )
2
1
2 sin 2 1 2sin3 0 sin3
2
x x x = = (*) v
2
2 sin 2 1 0, x x > >
3
1
3sin 4sin
2
x x = (**)
Thay sin 1 x = vo (**) ta thy khng tha mn. Vy s nghim ca phng trnh (*) cng l nghim
ca phng trnh ban u
Vy nghim ca phng trnh ban u l
2 5 2
; ,
18 3 18 3
k k
x x k

= + = + e
Nhn xt: Nh vy vic bin i cos 0 sin 1 x x = = v khi thay vo (**) khng tha mn dn ti
nghim ca phng trnh (*) cng l nghim ca phng trnh ban u m khng cn thit phi thay vo
iu kin ban u

Phng php 3: Th trc tip nghim vo iu kin ban u

Th d 1: Gii phng trnh cos3 .tan5 sin7 x x x =
Gii:
iu kin: cos5 0 x = . Khi phng trnh
2
2sin5 cos3 2sin7 cos5 sin8 sin12 ,
20 10
k
x
x x x x x x k
k
x
= = e
= +

Vi
2
k
x

= th
5
cos5 cos cos 2 cos 0 2 ,
2 2 2
k k k
x k m m

| |
= = + = = = e
|
\ .
(khi k chn)
Vi
20 10
k
x

= + th cos5 cos5 cos 0
20 10 4 2
k k
x
| | | |
= + = + =
| |
\ . \ .
(khi k chn hay l)
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l ; , ,
20 10
k
x m x k m

= = + e
( ) 2 sin cos
1
tan cot2 cot 1
x x
x x x
=
+
.
Gii:
iu kin:
cos 0
tan cot 0 sin 0
cot 1 0 sin2 0
sin cos 0
x
x x x
x x
x x
=
+ = =

= =

Khi phng trnh
( )
2 3
sin2 2sin sin 2cos 2 0 cos 2 ,
2 4
x x x x x x k k
= + = = = + e
D thy nghim ny tha mn sin 0 x = v cos 0 x = . Th trc tip vo hai iu kin cn li ta thy
Vi
3
2 ,
4
x k k
= + e th
3 3
sin2 sin 4 sin 0
2 2
3 3 3 3
sin cos sin 2 cos 2 sin cos 0
4 4 4 4
x k
x x k k

| |
= + = =
|
\ .
| | | |
= + + = =
| |
\ . \ .

Tng t vi
3
2 ,
4
x k k
= + e ta thy khng tha mn

3
2 ,
4
x k k
= + e
Ch :
M
1
M
3
M
2
M
4
M
5
- Vi iu kin
cos 0
sin 0 sin2 0
sin2 0 sin cos 0
sin cos 0
x
x x
x x x
x x
=
= =

= =
(v sin2 sin cos x x x = hay sin2x bao hm sinx v

cosx) cn sin 0 x = v cos 0 x = cha chc sin cos 0 x x =
- Khi th nghim trc tip th nu nghim no th vo mt iu kin m khng tha mn th khng cn
phi th vo iu kin cn li, cn nu th m nghim no tha mn th phi tha mn tt c cc iu
kin nn khi th chn iu kin no d trc tin m th
Th d 3: (H A 2006) Gii phng trnh: 0
sin 2 2
cos sin ) sin (cos 2
6 6
=
+
x
x x x x

Gii:
iu kin:
2
sin
2
x =
Phng trnh
4 4 2 2
2(cos sin sin cos ) sin cos 0 x x x x x x + =
2 2
2 6sin cos sin cos 0 x x x x =
2
3sin 2 sin2 4 0 x x + =
sin2 1 ,
4
x x k k
= = + e
Vi k chn 2 k m = th
2
sin sin 2 sin
4 4 2
x m

| |
= + = =
|
\ .
(loi)
Vi k l 2 1 k m = + th ( )
5 5 2
sin sin 2 1 sin 2 sin
4 4 4 2
x m m

( | | | |
= + + = + = =
| |
(
\ . \ .
(tha mn)
5
2 ;
4
x m m
= + e
Hoc s dng ng trn lng gic nh sau
iu kin:
Vi 2
4
x k

1

Vi
3
2
4
x k

2

Nghim:
Vi nghim
4
x k

3
v M
4

Ta thy M
1
M
3
nn ch c mt nghim duy nht M
4
tha mn
Vy nghim ca phng trnh
5
2 ;
4
x m m
= + e
Ch : s dng c phng php ny khi th nghim trc tip ta phi nh cc cng thc sau
( )
( )
sin 2 sin
,
cos 2 cos
x k x
k
x k x
+ =
+ =
v
( )
( )
sin 2 sin
,
cos 2 cos
x k x
k
x k x

+ + =
+ + =

Th d 4: Gii phng trnh tan5 .tan2 1 x x =
Gii:
iu kin:
( )
( )
( )
1
cos5 0
10 5
,
cos2 0
2
4 2
x m
x
m n
x
x n

= +
=
e

=

= +

Phng trnh tng ng vi
1
tan5 tan5 cot2 ,
tan2 14 7
x x x x k k
x

= = = + e
M
1

M
2
M
7
M
4
M
5
M
3
M
6
+ i chiu iu kin (1)
Gi s
1 2
14 7 10 5 5
m
k m k m
+
+ = + = +
Do , k m Z e nn
1 2 1
: 2
5 2
m t
t Z t m t
+
- e = = +
Li do , t m Z e nn
1
: 2 1
2
t
s Z s t s
- e = = +
T 7 3 k s = + . Suy ra
14 7
x k

= + vi 7 3 k s = + tho mn phng trnh
+ i chiu iu kin (2)
Gi s ( ) 4 14 5 3
14 7 4 2
k n k n

+ = + =
Ta thy v tri ca (3) chn, v phi ca (3) l nn khng tn ti , k n Z e tho mn (3).
T suy ra iu kin (2) lun c tho mn.
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim l ,
14 7
x k k

= + e

Phng php 4: Biu din trn ng trn lng gic

Mi cung (hoc gc) lng gic u c biu din bi mt im trn ng trn lng gic (gi tt l
ng trn)
+Vi 2 , x k k = + e th c biu din trn ng trn bi mt im
+Vi , x k k = + e th c biu din trn ng trn bi hai im i xng nhau qua gc O
+Vi
2
,
3
x k k
= + e th c biu din trn ng trn bi ba im cch u nhau to thnh 3

nh ca mt tam gic u ni tip ng trn
Tng qut: Vi
2
, , 3 x k k n
n
= + e > th c biu din trn ng trn bi n im cch u nhau

to thnh n nh ca mt a gic u ni tip ng trn
V ng trn lng gic nh du cc im l iu kin ban u v cc nghim ca phng
trnh.Nu cc im no trng vi iu kin (tp x nh) th ty vo tng trng hp c th loi i

Th d 1: (H D 2011) Gii phng trnh
sin2 2cos sin 1
0
tan 3
x x x
x
+
=
+

Gii:
iu kin :
tan 3
3
,
cos 0
2
x k
x
k
x
x k
= +
=
e

=

= +

Phng trnh
( ) sin2 2cos sin 1 0 2sin cos 2cos sin 1 0 x x x x x x x + = + + =
( ) ( ) ( ) 2cos sin 1 sin 1 0 (2cos 1) sin 1 0 x x x x x + + = + =
1 2
cos
3
, 2
sin 1 2
2
x k
x
k
x x k
= +

=

= = +

By gi chng ta dng ng trn lng gic xt nghim nh sau

iu kin:
M
3

M
4
M
2
M
1
M
5
Vi
2
x k

1
v M
2

Vi
3
x k

3
v M
4

Nghim:
Vi nghim 2
3
x k

5
v M
6

Vi nghim 2
2
x k

7

Ta thy M
2
M
7
v M
4
M
5
nn ch c mt nghim duy nht M
6
tha mn
Vy nghim ca phng trnh : 2 ,
3
x k k
= + e
Ch :
Nu dng cc phng php trn ta lm nh sau
cos 0 sin 1 x x = = loi ngay c nghim sin 1 x = hoc thay 2
2
x k
= + vo ta c
cos 2 cos 0
2 2
k

| | | |
+ = =
| |
\ . \ .
nn loi cn nghim 2
3
x k
= + thay vo
tan 2 tan 3
3 3
k

| | | |
+ = =
| |
\ . \ .
nn cng loi
Vy ch duy nht mt nghim tha mn l 2 ,
3
x k k
= + e
Th d 2: (H A 2011) Gii phng trnh
2
1 sin2 cos2
2.sin .sin2
1 cot
x x
x x
x
+ +
=
+

Gii:
iu kin: in 0 s x x k = =
Phng trnh
2 2
sin (1 sin2 cos2 ) 2 2sin cos x x x x x + + =
1 sin2 cos2 2 2cos x x x + + = (v sin 0 x = )
2
2cos 2sin cos 2 2cos 0
2cos (cos sin 2) 0
x x x x
x x x
+ =
+ =

cos 0
cos 0
2
,
sin 1
cos sin 2
2
4
4
x
x k
x
k
x
x x
x k
=
= +
=

e
| |
+ =
+ =
|
= +
\ .

By gi chng ta dng ng trn lng gic xt nghim nh sau
iu kin:
Vi x k = tng ng trn ng trn l im M
1
v M
2

Nghim:
Vi nghim
2
x k

3
v M
4

Vi nghim 2
4
x k

5

Ta thy cc nghim ny khng trng nhau (c hai im M
3

v M
4
v mt im M
5
)
Vy cc nghim ca phng trnh
; 2 ,
2 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
Vi cch xt nghim trn ta c th biu din v d 3 phn k nng 3 trn
M
1

M
2
M
4
M
3
M
5
M
6
M
2
M
7

M
4
M
5
M
3
M
6
M
1
M
8

ng trn nh sau H A 2010)
iu kin:
Vi
2
x k

1
v M
2

Vi
4
x k

3
v M
4

Nghim:
Vi nghim 2
6
x k

5

Vi nghim
7
2
6
x k

6

Ta thy cc nghim ny khng trng nhau (c hai im M
3
v M
4

v mt im M
5
)
Vy cc nghim ca phng trnh
7
2 ; 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
Nhn xt:
Qua cc th d phng php ny ta thy rt hiu qu v nhanh gn bi v iu kin v cc nghim ca
phng trnh thng ri vo cc
trng hp c bit (gc v cung) chnh v th hc sinh nn vn dng
phng php ny cho nhanh v chnh xc

Ngoi vic s dng ng trn lng gic loi nghim ta cn c th dng kt hp cc nghim

Th d 3: (HXD 1997) Gii phng trnh:
4 4
4
sin 2 cos 2
cos 4
tan tan
4 4
x x
x
x x

+
=
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .

Gii:
iu kin:
tan 0
4
4 4
tan 0
4
4 4
,
cos 0
4 2 4 4
cos 0
4 2 4
4
x
x k x k
x
x k x k
k
x k x k x
x k x k
x

| |
=
|
= =
\ .
| |

+ =
+ = = + |

\ .
e

| |

= + = =
|

\ .

| |
+ = + = +
+ =
|

\ .

Biu din trn ng trn lng gic ta thy
Vi
4
x k
= tng ng trn ng trn l im M

1
v M
2

Vi
4
x k

3
v M
4

Vi
4
x k
= tng ng trn ng trn l im M

5
v M
6

Vi
4
x k

7
v M
8

Ta thy c 8 im nhng thc cht ch c 4 im v c tng cp
trng nhau, 4 im ny cch u nhau to thnh mt hnh vung
M
4

M
5
M
2
M
1
M
3
ni tip ng trn nn ta c th thu gn 4 nghim l ,
4 2
k
x k

= + e
Nh vy vic tm ra nghim thu gn bng ng trn lng gic gip chng ta rt nhiu trong vic kim
tra nghim ca phng trnh m khng cn th vi tng nghim mt, ngoi ta chng ta c th dng
phng php i s tm nghim thu gn nh sau
Nhn xt:
T tng hai cung
4 4 2
x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .
nn tan tan 1
4 4
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
v cung 2x c th a v cung
4x bng cng thc nhn i
iu kin:
1
cos .cos 0 cos2 cos 0
4 4 2 2
cos2 0 ,
4 2 1
sin .sin 0 cos2 cos 0
4 4 2 2
x x x
k
x x k
x x x

| | | | | |
+ = + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
= = + e

| | | | | |

+ = =
| | |

\ . \ . \ .

Phng trnh
4 4 4 2 2 4 2 4
1
sin 2 cos 2 cos 4 1 2sin cos 2 cos 4 1 sin 4 cos 4
2
x x x x x x x x + = = =
( )
2 4 4 2 2
1
1 1 cos 4 cos 4 2cos 4 cos 4 1 0 cos 4 1
2
x x x x x = = = hoc
2
1
sin 4
2
x = (loi)
sin4 0 sin2 0 x x = = hoc cos2 0 x = (loi)
,
2
k
x k
= e
Th d 4: Xt li v d 11 dng 5: Tm nghim thuc min cho trc
Tm tng cc nghim ca phng trnh:
2 3
2
2
cos cos 1
cos2 tan
cos
x x
x x
x

= tho mn 1s x s 70
Gii:
iu kin:
2
x k
= +
PT
2 2 2
2
2 cos 1
2cos cos 1 0
1
2 cos
3 2
x k x
x x
x k x

= + =

+ =

= + =

2
,
3 3
x k k

= + e
Nu by gi ta nguyn 3 nghim ca phng trnh v gii bt phng trnh th vt v nn ta dng
ng trn lng gic kt hp thnh 1 nghim nh sau
Vi nghim
Vi nghim 2 x k = + tng ng trn ng trn l im
M
1

Vi nghim 2
3
x k

M
2

Vi nghim 2
3
x k

M
3

Vi iu kin:
Vi
2
x k

4
v M
5

Nhn thy 3 im nghim khng trng vi hai im iu kin m 3 im
nghim ny cch u nhau mt gc
2
3
nn ta c gp 3 im nghim thnh
2
,
3 3
x k k

= + e. Nh vy vic tm k khi gii bt phng trnh tr nn n gin hn v tnh tng
cng d dng hn

Ch :
Khi vn dng cc k nng trn chng ta c th lm ra ngoi gip nhp khng cn thit vit vo bi thi, ch
cn ni i chiu vi iu kin xem c tha mn hay khng tha mn v kt lun v i khi phi kt hp
cc phng php gii vi nhau sao cho nhanh v chnh xc nht
Mt s phng php khc nh gii phng trnh nghim nguyn, chu k cc bn t tm hiu do khun
kh bi bit

BI TP VN DNG

Bi 1: Gii cc phng trnh sau
a.
1
tan2 tan cos sin3
3
x x x x = b.
3 3
sin cos
1
2 2
cos
2 sin 3
x x
x
x
=
+

c. ( )
4
2sin7 .sin 8sin 2 3sin6 4 1 cos4 x x x x x + + = d.
2 2
cos 3 .cos2 cos 0 x x x =
a. 2sin 2 3sin cos 2
4
x x x
| |
+ = + +
|
\ .
b.
2 2 2
sin cos 2 cos 3 x x x = +
c.
2
(2 3)cos 2sin
2 4
1
2cos 1
x
x
x
| |

|
\ .
=
d.
3 2
2
3(1 sin )
3tan tan 8cos 0
4 2 cos
x x
x x
x
+ | |
+ =
|
\ .

a.
2
4
4
(2 sin 2 )sin3
tan 1
cos
x x
x
x
+ = b.
5
2 2cos sin 1
12
x x
| |
=
|
\ .

c.
1
2sin sin 2
3 6 2
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
d.
2
tan cot 4cos 2 x x x = +
a.
4 4
4(sin cos ) cos4 sin2 0 x x x x + + + = b.
2
3sin cos2 sin2 4sin cos
2
x
x x x x + + =
c. (1 tan )(1 sin2 ) 1 tan x x x + = + d.
sin2 cos2
tan cot
cos sin
x x
x x
x x
+ =
a.
5 3
sin cos 2cos
2 4 2 4 2
x x x | | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
b.
1 1
sin2 sin 2cot2
2sin sin2
x x x
x x
+ =
c. 2 2sin cos 1
12
x x
| |
=
|
\ .
d.
2 2
2cos 2 3cos4 4cos 1
4
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

a.
3
cos3 2sin 5
2
x x
| |
=
|
\ .
b.
( )
2 2
cos cos3 3 4sin 2sin cos sin6 0 x x x x x x
(
+ + =

c.
2 2
2sin 1 4cos
2 4 3 6
x x | | | |
+ = + +
| |
\ . \ .
d. sin3 3sin2 cos2 3sin 3cos 2 0 x x x x x + + =
a.
2
cos 2 6cos 5 0
3 6
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
b.
6 6 2
13
cos sin cos 2
8
x x x =
c. tan cot 2(sin2 cos2 ) x x x x + = + d.
3
tan cot 2cot 2 x x x = +
a.
2
tan tan .tan3 2 x x x = b.
1
2tan cot2 2sin2
sin2
x x x
x
+ = +
c.
2
2
1 1
4 sin 4 sin 7 0
sin sin
x x
x x
| | | |
+ + + =
| |
\ . \ .
d.
2
2
2
2tan 5(tan cot ) 4 0
sin
x x x
x
+ + + + =
Bi 9: Gii phng trnh
2
2
3
3cot 4(tan cot ) 1 0
cos
x x x
x
+ + + = .
a.
2
2tan cot 3
sin2
x x
x
+ = + b.
2
tan2 cot 8cos x x x + =
c. 3(cot cos ) 5(tan sin ) 2 x x x x = d.
1 1
2 2sin
4 sin cos
x
x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

a. (1 tan )(1 sin2 ) 1 tan x x x + = + b.
2
3tan3 cot2 2tan
sin4
x x x
x
+ = +
c.
( ) ( )
3 2
2
4cos 2cos 2sin 1 sin2 2 sin cos
0
2sin 1
x x x x x x
x
+ +
=

d.
6 3 4
8 2cos 2 2sin sin3 6 2cos 1 0 x x x x + =
a.
( ) 2 cos sin
1
tan cot2 cot 1
x x
x x x
=
+

b. ( )
( )
3
sin2 cos 3 2 3cos 3 3cos2 8 3cos sin 3 3 0 x x x x x x + + =
c.
6 6 8 8
sin cos 2(sin cos ) x x x x + = +
d.
8 8 10 10
5
sin cos 2(sin cos ) cos2
4
x x x x x + = + +
a.
3 3 5 5
sin cos 2(sin cos ) x x x x + = + b.
sin sin2
3
cos cos2
x x
x x

c.
3 1
8sin
cos sin
x
x x
= + d.
2
3
cos 2 2cos sin 3 2
4 4
x x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

a. 3sin 2cos 2 3tan x x x + = + b.
3
2 2cos 3cos sin 0
4
x x x
| |
=
|
\ .

c.
( )
2 2 3
sin .cos2 cos tan 1 2sin 0 x x x x x + + = d.
2
2
cos2 1
tan 3tan
2 cos
x
x x
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

a.
3 sin
tan 2
2 1 cos
x
x
x
| |
+ =
|
+
\ .
b. sin2 cos2 3sin cos 2 0 x x x x + + =
c. sin3 cos2 1 2sin cos2 x x x x + = + d.
4 4
sin cos 1 2sin
2 2
x x
x + =
a.
3 3 3
1
cos3 cos sin3 sin cos 4
4
x x x x x = + b.
2 2
sin cos4 2sin 2 1 4sin
4 2
x
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

c.
2 2
7
sin cos4 sin 2 4sin
4 2 2
x
x x x
| |
=
|
\ .
d. ( )( )
2
2sin 1 3cos4 2sin 4 4cos 3 x x x x + + + =
a. ( )( )
2
4cos 2sin 1 2sin2 1 3 x x x + + = b.
3 2
cos cos 2sin 2 0 x x x + + =
c.
3 3
1 cos sin sin2 x x x + = d. ( ) cos7 sin5 3 cos5 sin7 x x x x =
a.
3 3
4sin cos3 4cos sin3 3 3cos4 3 x x x x x + + =
b. ( )
3
2
cos 2 2 sin cos 3sin2 3 0 x x x x + + =
c. ( ) ( ) 4 sin3 cos2 5 sin 1 x x x =
d.
1 1 10
cos sin
cos sin 3
x x
x x
+ + + =
a.
3 3 1
cos .cos .cos sin .sin . in
2 2 2 2 2
x x x x
x x s = b. 2(cot2 cot3 ) tan2 cot3 x x x x = +
c.
3
sin sin2 sin3 6cos x x x x + = d.
2
1
sin
8cos
x
x
=
Bi 20: Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a.
2 2
sin sin 3
tan2 (sin sin3 )
cos cos3
x x
x x x
x x
+ = +
b. 2tan 2 2sin 2 3cot x x x + =
c.
2cos 3
(2sin 1)tan
sin 1 cos
x
x x
x x
= +

d.
5
2.cos5 sin( 2 ) sin 2 .cot3 .
2
x x x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

a.sin5 sin3 2cos 1 sin4 x x x x + + = +
b. ( )
2
2
2sin sin cos 2sin2 sin4
2
x x x x x + =
c. 4cos 2cos2 cos4 1 x x x =
d. 2cos4 2 2cos 2 1 0
8
x x
| |
+ + + =
|
\ .

a.
( )
2
2
2
sin cos 2sin
2
sin sin 3
2 4 4 1 cot
x x x
x x
x

+
( | | | |
=
| | (
+
\ . \ .

b.
2
sin 1
2(1 cos )(cot 1)
cos sin
x
x x
x x
+ + =
+

c.
2
4
2
1 tan
8cos sin4 2.
4 1 tan
x
x x
x
| |
+ + =
|
+ \ .

d.
2
3(tan sin )
2cos (1 cos ) 2sin
tan sin
x x
x x x
x x
+
+ =

a.
9 11
2sin 2 7 2sin 2sin 4 2 0
4 2
x x x
| | | |
+ + + + =
| |
\ . \ .

b.
3
5
sin 5cos .sin
2 2
x x
x
| |
=
|
\ .

c.
2 3
sin sin cos 0 x x x + + =
d.
2
1
8cos 2cos 6 2 3sin
cos
x x x
x
=
a. 4cos cot 3cot2
3
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

b.
2
2017
2.sin sin 2 1 tan
4 2
x x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

c. 4cos2 sin2 3 tan tanx 6cos 2 0
2
x
x x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

d.
3 2(cos sin ) 1
3tan2 2sin 2
2 cos sin cos2
x x
x x
x x x
| |
+ =
|
+
\ .

a.
1 1
2 sin 2 4sin 1
sin 6 2sin
x x
x x
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .

b.
2 2
sin .sin2 cos .sin 2 2sin 1
4
x x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

c.
2 2
2009
cos2 2 2sin 4cos sin 4sin cos
4
x x x x x x
| |
+ + = +
|
\ .

d.
2 2
1 sin .sin2 cos .sin 2 2cos
4
x x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

a. sin2 os2 1 2(sin2 sin4 ) x c x x x = + +
b. cos 3 3sin cos7 x x x =
c. 2(sin cos ) sin3 cos3 3 2(2 sin2 ) x x x x x + + = +
d.
( )
( )
2
cos . cos 1
2 1 sin
sin cos
x x
x
x x
= +
+

a. ( )( ) 1 tan 1 sin2 1 tan x x x + = +
b.
3
2cos cos2
1
sin
x x
x
+
=
c.
(1 tan )(2cos2 1)
2 2cos3
cos
4
x x
x
x
+
=
| |
|
\ .

d.
2
sin cos
1 6 3
cos sin .tan
2 cos cos
x x
x
x x
x x
| | | |
+
| |
| | \ . \ .
+ =
|
\ .

a.
2
3
2sin cos sin cos2 cos2 2sin
2 4
x
x x x x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

b.
4 2 4
3sin 2cos 3 cos3 3cos cos 1 x x x x x + + = +
c.
sin (sin cos2 ) cos (sin cos2 ) sin
1 cot
2cos
4
x x x x x x x
x
x

+
=
+ | |
|
\ .

d.
2 2
(3 4sin )(3 4sin 3 ) 1 x x =
Bi 29: Gii phng trnh:
a.
4 3 2
4cos 4 3cos cos 3sin2 3 0 x x x x + + + =
b. cos2 cos4 cos6 cos cos2 cos3 2 x x x x x x + + = +
c.
2013 2013
(cos3 sin2 cos )cos (sin3 cos2 sin )sin
5 5
x x x x x x

= +
d. 4sin3 sin5 2sin .cos2 0 x x x x + =
Bi 30: Gii phng trnh
a.
11
sin2 cos2 1 2sin
4
x x x
| |
= +
|
\ .

b. ( )
1
tan2 tan sin4 sin2
6
x x x x = +
c.
2
2cos .cos (cos2 3)sin 3.cos3
4
x x x x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

d.
2
2
1 sin2 cos2
cos (sin2 2cos )
1 tan
x x
x x x
x
+
= +
+

a.
sin2 cos2 2 2cos 3cos
4
1
1 cos
x x x x
x
| |
+ + +
|
\ .
=
+

b.
2
sin tan 1
sin2 sin
2 1 tan
x x
x x
x
+
=
+

c.
2
2cos3 .cos 3(1 sin2 ) 2 3cos 2
4
x x x x
| |
+ + = +
|
\ .

d. 2sin 2 3sin cos 2
4
x x x
| |
+ = + +
|
\ .

a. 9sin 6cos cos2 3sin2 8 x x x x + + = .
b.
2
17
sin 2 16 2 3.sin cos 20sin
2 2 12
x
x x x
| | | |
+ + = + +
| |
\ . \ .

c.
( )
2 2
3tan 2 2 2 3 2 sin x cos x x + = +
d. ( ) ( )
4 4
1
tanx.cot2 1 sin 4 sin os .
2 2
x x x c x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

e.
2 2
1 sin sin cos sin 2cos
2 2 4 2
x x x
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

a.
2
4cos 2
tan 2 .tan 2
4 4 tan cot
x
x x
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |

\ . \ .

b. Tm cc nghim ( ) 0; x e ca phng trnh 5cos sin 3 2 sin 2
4
x x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

c.
1
tan 2sin cot .cos
tan
x x x x
x
= + +
d.
3
tan 3cos sin .tan .
2
x x x x
| |
=
|
\ .

a.
( )
( )
2
cos . cos 1
2 1 sin
sin cos
x x
x
x x
= +
+

b.
1 cot2 2
(tan cot )
sin3 2
x
x x
x
+
= +
c.
( )
2
sin3 cos .cos2 tan tan2 x x x x x = +
d.
2
2
2
2cos 3sin2 3
3(tan 1)
2cos sin
3
x x
x
x x

+ +
= +
| |
+
|
\ .

a.
2 3
cos (2sin 2sin 1) 2cos sin 1 x x x x x + + = + +
b. ( )
( )
sin3 cos3 sin 2sin2 1 4cos 1 3 x x x x x = +
c.
( )
2
2
2
sin cos 2sin
2
sin sin 3
2 4 4 1 cot
x x x
x x
x

+
| | | | | |
=
| | |
+ \ . \ . \ .

d.
3 3
17
6 2sin 2 8cos 3 2cos 4 cos2
2
16
cos
x x x x
x
| |
+ +
|
\ .
= vi
5
;
2 2
x
| |
e
|
\ .

a. 2cos6 2cos4 3cos2 sin2 3 x x x x + = +
b.
1 1
sin2 sin 2cot2
2sin sin2x
x x x
x
+ =
c.
( ) sin cos 1 2sin cos2
1
sin cos
x x x x
x x

=

d. Tm nghim ca phng trnh
( )
2cos 4 3 2 cos 2 sin 2 3 x x x = + bit xe [0; ].
a.
2 2 2
(3tan 1)sin 2sin
4
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

b. cos9 2cos3 2sin 3 3sin
4
x x x x
| |
+ + + =
|
\ .

c.
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + = + + +
d.
4 4
1
sin 3 sin 3
4 4 2
x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

a.
3 3
sin cos sin2 2sin
4
x x x x
| |
+ = + +
|
\ .

b.
2 2
1 3
sin 3cos sin2 2(sin cos ) sin2
2 2
x x x x x x = .
c. 2cos6 2cos4 3cos2 sin2 3 x x x x + = +
d. Tnh tng cc nghim ca phng trnh
1 tan
2
1 tan
2
cos2 cos
sin .
1 sin
x
x
x x
x
x
+
trn on [0;38].
a.
3 cos2
2tan 4
cos
x
x
x
+
=
b.
2 2
3cot 2 2sin (2 3 2)cos x x x + = +
c.
4sin .sin( ) 5 3sin 3(cos 2)
3
1
1 2cos
x x x x
x
+ + + +
=

d.
3
cos cos cos sin 2 0
2 6 3 2 2 6
x x
x x
| | | | | | | |
+ + + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

Bi 40: Gii phng trnh :
a.
( ) 2 1 sin2 cos4 3sin4
2 2sin
4
sin2 3cos2
x x x
x
x x
+ +
| |
= +
|
\ .

b. cos .cos2 .cos3 sin .sin2 .sin3 1 x x x x x x + =
c. cos cos3 1 2sin 2
4
x x x
| |
+ = + +
|
\ .

d.
2
3sin2 4cos 10sin 3cos 4
2
x x x x
| |
+ + = +
|
\ .

Bi 41: Cho phng trnh
4 4
2009 2009
4
sin 2 cos 2
tan tan
4 4 cos 4
x x
x x
x
+ | | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .
(1)
a. Gii phng trnh (1).
b. Tnh tng cc nghim ca phng trnh (1) trn on [1;2010].
Bi 42: Gii cc phng trnh
a.
2
3 4
2cos 1 3cos
5 5
x x
+ = .
b.
2 2 2
1
sin sin 3 sin .sin 3
4
x x x x + = .
c.
4
3sin cos
tan cot
x x
x x
=
+

d. 3sin sin 2sin 5 0
3 6 6
x x x
| | | | | |
+ + + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Bi 43: Gii cc phng trnh sau :
a.
sin3 4cos 3
6
0
sin3 1
x x
x
| |

|
\ .
=

b. ( )
2
cos2 cos4 6 2sin3 x x x = +
c. 3 1 tan (sin 2cos ) 2(sin 3cos ) x x x x x + + = +
d.
2012 2012 2014 2014
3
2
x x x x x + = + +
a.
sin2 cos2
tan cot
cos sin
x x
x x
x x
+ =
b. cos2 sin cos sin x x x x =
c.
5
2
16sin 10sin 5sin3
2
x x x =
d.
4 2
1 1
1 cos cos
16 2
x x + +
4 2
25 5
cos cos
16 2
x x + =1
a.
2 2 2
11
tan cot cot 2
3
x x x + + =
b.
( )
2
sin2 3cos2 5 cos 2
6
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

c. ( ) sin2012 cos2012 4 sin503 cos503 1 x x x x =
d. ( ) 2sin2 cos2 2 2 sin2 .cos sin 2cos x x x x x x + + = + +
Bi 46: Gii cc phng trnh:
a.
2 2
2 2
sin sin 2
2
sin 2 sin
x x
x x
+ = b.
2 2
sin 3 cos2 sin 0. x x x + =

HNG DN GII

Bi 1:
a. iu kin:
cos 0
cos2 0
x
x
=

Phng trnh
( )
3
sin2 .cos cos2 .sin 1
cos 3sin 4sin
cos2 .cos 3
x x x x
x x x
x x
=
( )
2
sin 1
cos sin 3 4sin
cos2 .cos 3
x
x x x
x x
=
TH 1: sin 0 , x x k k = = e
TH 2:
( )
2 3 2
1 1
cos 3 4sin 2cos 2 3cos 2 cos2 6 0
cos2 .cos 3
x x x x x
x x
= + + =
cos2 1 , x x k k = = e
b. iu kin: sin 2 x =
Phng trnh ( ) 3 sin cos 1 sin cos 2 sin cos
2 2 2 2
x x x x
x x
| || |
+ = +
| |
\ .\ .

( ) ( )
3
sin cos 2 sin 2 sin cos
2 2 2
x x
x x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .

3
sin cos cos sin cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x | | | || |
= +
| | |
\ . \ .\ .

TH 1:
3
cos sin
2 2 2
x x
+ = (v nghim)
TH 2: cos sin 0 2 ,
2 2 2
x x
x k k
= = + e
c. Phng trnh cho tng ng:
( )
2 2
cos6 cos8 3sin6 8sin 2 1 sin 2 x x x x x + =
2 2 2
cos6 1 2sin 4 3sin6 8sin 2 .cos 2 x x x x x + + =
2 2
cos6 1 2sin 4 3sin6 2sin 4 x x x x + + =
cos6 3sin6 1 x x + =
1
cos 6
3 2
x
| |
=
|
\ .

.
9 3
,
.
3
x k
k
x k

= +

d. Phng trnh
1 cos6 1 cos2
.cos2 0
2 2
x x
x
+ +
=
cos6 .cos2 1 0 x x = ( )
1
cos8 cos4 1 0
2
x x + =
2
2cos 4 1 cos4 2 0 x x + =
2
2cos 4 cos4 3 0 cos4 1 x x x + = = hoc
3
cos4 1
2
x = < (loi)
4 2 ,
2
x k x k k
= = e
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l ,
2
x k k
= e
Bi 2:
a. Phng trnh sin2 cos2 3sin cos 2 x x x x + = + +
2
2sin cos 2cos 1 3sin cos 2 x x x x x + = + +
( )
2
sin 2cos 3 2cos cos 3 0 x x x x + =
( ) ( )( ) sin 2cos 3 cos 1 2cos 3 0 x x x x + + =
( )( ) 2cos 3 sin cos 1 0 x x x + + =
1
sin cos 1 0 sin cos 1 sin
4
2
x x x x x
| |
+ + = + = + =
|
\ .

2
4 4
5
2
4 4
x k
x k

+ = +
+ = +
2
, 2
2
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

b. Phng trnh:

1 cos2 1 cos4 1 cos6
cos2 cos4 1 cos6 0
2 2 2
x x x
x x x
+ +
= + + + + =
2
2cos3 cos 2cos 3 0 2cos3 (cos cos3 ) 0
4cos3 cos2 cos 0
x x x x x x
x x x
+ = + =
=

6 3
,
4 2
2
x k
x k k
x k

= +
= + e
= +

Vy phng trnh c 3 nghim l , , ,
6 3 4 2 2
x k x k x k k

= + = + = + e
c. iu kin:
1
cos
2
x =
Phng trnh (2 3)cos 1 cos 2cos 1
2
x x x
( | |
=
| (
\ .

1 3
3cos sin 0 2 sin cos 0
2 2
x x x x
| |
+ = =
|
|
\ .

3
2sin 0 (2 1) ,
1 3 3 3
cos
2
x k
x x k x n n
x
= +
| |
= = = + + e
|
\ .

=

d. Phng trnh
( ) ( )
3 2
3tan tan 3(1 sin ) 1 tan 4 1 sin 0 x x x x x + + + + =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )( )
3 2
2
2
3tan tan 3 1 sin tan 1 sin 0
3tan 1 sin tan 1 sin tan 0
1 sin tan 3tan 1 0
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x
+ + + =
+ + + + =
+ + =

TH 1:
1
tan ,
6
3
x x k k
= = + e
TH 2: 1 sin tan 0 sin cos sin cos 0 x x x x x x + + = + + = (phng trnh i xng vi sin v cos)
Gii phng trnh ny ta c 2 ,
4
x k k
= + e vi
2 1
cos
2

=
6
x k k
= + e hoc 2 ,
4
x k k
= + e vi
2 1
cos
2

=
Bi 3:
a. iu kin: cos 0
2
x x k
= = +
4 4 2 2 2
1
sin cos (2 sin 2 )sin3 1 sin 2 (2 sin 2 )sin3
2
x x x x x x x + = =
( )
2
2 2
sin 2 2
2 sin 2 2(2 sin 2 )sin3
sin3 1
2
1
18 3
sin3 sin ,
5 2 2 6
18 3
x vn
x x x
x
k
x
x k
k
x

=
=

=
= +
= = e
= +

2 5 2
, ,
18 3 18 3
k k
x x k

= + = + e
b. Ta c
5 5 5
2 2cos sin 1 2 sin 2 sin 1
12 12 12
x x x
( | | | |
= + =
| | (
\ . \ .

5 5 1 5 5
sin 2 sin sin sin 2 sin sin
12 12 4 12 4 12
2
2cos sin sin
3 12 12
x x

| | | |
+ = = = =
| |
\ . \ .
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

5
2 2
5
6 12 12
sin 2 sin ,
5 13 3 12 12
2 2
12 12 4
x k x k
x k
x k x k

= + = +

| | | |
= e
| |
\ . \ .

= + = +

3
, ,
6 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
c.
1 5
2sin sin 2 2sin sin 2 sin
3 6 2 3 6 6
x x x x
| | | | | | | |
+ = + = +
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

( ) 2sin 2sin .cos sin sin 1 0
3 3 2 3
x x x x x
| | | | | | | |
+ = + + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

sin 0
3
, 3
2 sin 1
2
x k
x
k
x k x
| | = +
+ =
|
e \ .

= + =

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l , ,
3 2
x k x k k

= + = + e
d. iu kin : sin2 0 ( )
2
x x l l
= = e
Phng trnh tng ng vi
2 2
cos sin 2cos2
4cos 2 0 4cos 2 0
sin cos sin2
x x x
x x
x x x
+ = + =
1
2cos2 2cos2 0 2cos2 (1 sin4 ) 0
sin2
x x x x
x
| |
+ = + =
|
\ .

cos2 0
4 2
,
sin4 1
8 2
x k
x
k
x
x k

= +
=
e
=

= +

i chiu vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l: ,
4 2 8 2
x k x k k

= + = + e
Bi 4:
a. Phng trnh
2 2 2
4(1 2sin . os ) 1 2sin 2 sin2 0 x c x x x + + =
2 2
5 2sin 2 2sin 2 sin2 0 x x x + =
2
4sin 2 sin2 5 0 sin2 1 2 ,
2
x x x x k k
= = = + e
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l 2 ,
2
x k k
= + e
b. Phng trnh
2 2
3sin cos2 sin2 2sin (1 cos )
3sin 1 2sin 2sin 2sin sin 1 0
x x x x x
x x x x x
+ + = +
+ = =

2
2
sin 1
2 ,
1
6 sin
2
7
2
6
x k
x
x k k
x
x k
= +
=

= + e

=

= +

7
2 , 2 , 2 ,
2 6 6
k k k k x

+ + + e =
c. PT ( )( )
2
cos sin cos sin cos sin x x x x x x + = + (hin nhin cosx =0 khng l nghim)
cosx +sinx =0 hay (cosx sinx)(cosx +sinx) =1
tanx =-1 hay cos2x =1 x =
4
+kt hay x =kt, ke

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l ; ;
4
x k k k
= + e
Ch : Xem li gii khc bi 11a
d. PT
( )
2 2
cos 2
cos2 cos sin2 sin sin cos sin cos
sin cos cos sin sin cos sin cos
x x
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
+
= =
2
cos cos2 sin2 0 2cos cos 1 0 sin2 0 x x x x x x = . = + = . =
1
cos
2
x = ( cos 1 x = loi v sin 0 x = ) 2 ,
3
x k k
= + e
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l 2 ;
3
x k k
= + e
Bi 5:
a. PT
5 3 5 3 3
sin sin 2cos sin sin 2cos
2 4 2 4 2 2 2 4 4 2 2
x x x x x x | | | | | | | |
+ = =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

3 3 3 3
2cos sin 2cos 2cos cos 2cos
4 2 2 2 4 2 2
x x x x
x x
| | | | | |
+ = + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

2
3
3 3 3
cos 0
2
2 2
2 ,
3 2 2
2 cos
2
4 4 4 2
x k
x
x
k
x k k
x k x
x k

= +

=
= +
= + e

| |

+ = + + =

|
= +
\ .

2
; 2 ; 2 ;
3 3 2
x k x k x k k

= + = + = + e
b. PT
2
cos 2 cos cos2 2cos2 x x x x = v sin2 0 x =
cos2 0 x = hoc
2
2cos cos 1 0 x x + + = (v nghim)
cos2 0 2 ,
2 4 2
x x k x k k

= = + = + e
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l ,
4 2
x k k

= + e
c. PT
1
2 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2 sin
12 12 12 12
2
x x
( | | | |
= =
| | (
\ . \ .

5
sin 2 sin sin 2sin cos sin 2 cos sin
12 4 12 6 12 12 12 12
x x
| | | |
= + = = =
| |
\ . \ .

5
2 2
4 12 12
,
7
2 2
3 12 12
x k x k
k
x k x k

= + = +

e

= + = +

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l ; ,
4 3
x k x k

= + = + e
d. Phng trnh tng ng vi
2
1 cos 4 3cos4 4cos 1
2
x x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

( )
2
1 3
sin4 3cos4 2 2cos 1 sin4 cos4 cos2
2 2
12
cos 4 cos2 ,
6
36 3
x x x x x x
x k
x x k
k
x

+ = + =
= +
| |
= e
|
\ .

= +

Bi 6:
a. PT tng ng vi:
( ) ( ) cos3 2cos5 0 cos 2 2cos 4 0 x x x x x x + = + + + =
2 2 2
2
cos2 .cos sin2 .sin 2cos4 .cos 2sin4 .sin 0
cos2 .cos 2sin .cos 2(2cos 2 1)cos 2sin .(4cos2 .cos ) 0
cos (8cos 2 2cos2 3) 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x
x x x
+ =
+ =
=

cos 0
2
1 2
cos2 cos
2 3 3
3 1 3
cos2 arccos
4 2 4
x k
x
x x k
x x k

= +
=

= = = +

= = +

b. t cos , 1 t x t = s (*).
Phng trnh
( ) ( )
2 2
cos3 . 3 4sin 2sin . sin6 0 1 . t x x x t x
(
+ + =

Phng trnh dng ( )
2
0
t a
t a b t ab
t b
=
+ + =

=

2
cos 2sin (2)
(1)
cos cos3 .(3 4sin ) (3)
x x
x x x
=

( ) 2 cos 2sin cot 2 cot2 , x x x x arc k k = = = + e
( ) ( )
2
3 cos cos3 3 4sin x x x =
Nu sinx = 0 phng trnh v nghim khng tha mn (3)
Nu sinx = 0 khi (3)
, 2 1,
2
sin2 sin6
,
8 4
k
x k n n Z
x x
k
x k Z
= = + e
= + e

c. t
2
t x

= + khi phng trnh cho tr thnh
2 2
2sin 1 4cos
2 3
t t
= +
2 2
cos 4cos cos3. 4cos 0
3 3 3
t t t
t = + =
3 2
4cos 4cos 3cos 0
3 3 3
t t t
+ =
3 cos 0
3
3
, 2
1
6 cos
3 2
t
t k
k
t
t k
= +
= + =

3
,
6
2
x k
k
x k

= +
= +

d. sin3 3sin2 cos2 3sin 3cos 2 0 x x x x x + + =
(sin3 sin ) 2sin 3sin2 (cos2 2 3cos ) 0 x x x x x x + + + =
2
2sin2 .cos 2sin 6.sin.cos (2cos 3cos 1) 0 x x x x x x + + =
2 2
2sin .cos 2sin 6.sin.cos (2cos 3cos 1) 0 x x x x x x + + =
2
1
sin
2
(2sin 1)(2cos 3cos 1) 0 cos 1
1
cos
2
x
x x x x
x
+ = =

+ Vi
2
1
6
sin ,
5 2
2
6
x k
x k
x k
= +
= e
= +

+ Vi
2 2
2
1
3
cos ,
2
2
3
x k
x k a b
x k
= +
= e +
= +

+ Vi cos 1 2 , x x k k Z = = e
Vy phng trnh c 5 h nghim nh trn.
Bi 7:
a. Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
2
1 2sin 6sin 5 0
3 3
x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

2
2sin 6sin 4 0
3 3
x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

sin 1
3
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
hoc sin 2
3
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
(loi)
5
sin 1 2 2 ,
3 3 2 6
x x k x k k

| |
+ = + = + = + e
|
\ .

b. Nhn xt:
bi xut hin cung 2x, ta ngh xem liu hiu
6 6
cos sin x x c biu din qua cung 2x c nhn t
chung hay khng ta lm nh sau
2 3 2 3 2
13
(cos ) (sin ) cos 2
8
x x x =
2 2 4 4 2 2 2
13
(cos sin )(cos sin sin cos ) cos 2
8
x x x x x x x + + =
2 2 2
2 2
1 1 13
cos2 1 sin 2 sin 2 cos 2
2 4 8
cos2 (8 2sin 2 ) 13cos 2
x x x x
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
=

2 2
2
cos2 0 cos2 0
8 2sin 2 13cos2 8 2(1 cos 2 ) 13cos2
cos2 0
2cos 2 13cos2 6 0
x x
x x x x
x
x x
= =

= =

=

+ =

cos2 0
1
4 2
cos2 ,
2
cos2 6 ( )
6
x
x k
x k
x k
x loai

=

= +
= e

= +

4 2 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
c. iu kin
cos 0
sin2 0
sin 0
x
x
x
=
=

sin cos
tan cot 2(sin2 cos2 ) 2(sin2 cos2 )
cos sin
1 2
2(sin2 cos2 ) 2(sin2 cos2 )
sin cos sin2
x x
x x x x x x
x x
x x x x
x x x
+ = + + = +
= + = +

2
1 sin2 (sin2 cos2 ) 1 sin 2 sin2 cos2 x x x x x x = + = +
2
cos2 0
4 2
cos 2 sin2 cos2 ,
tan2 1
8 2
k
x
x
x x x k
k x
x

= +
=
= e
=

= +

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l ,
4 2 8 2
k k
x x k

= + v = + e
d. iu kin
cos 0
sin 0 sin2 0
2
sin2 0
x
k
x x x
x
= = =

3 3
3 3
sin cos
tan cot 2cot 2 2cot 2
cos sin
2cos2
2cot 2 cot2 cot 2
sin2
x x
x x x x
x x
x
x x x
x
= + =
= =

cot2 0 x = hoc
2
cot 2 1 x = (loi)
2 ,
2 4 2
k
x k x k

= + = + e
4 2
k
x k

= + e
Bi 8:
a. iu kin:
cos 0
cos3 0
x
x
=

2
tan tan .tan3 2 tan (tan tan3 ) 2 x x x x x x = =
2
sin sin2 2sin cos
2 2
cos cos cos3 cos cos cos3
x x x x
x x x x x x

= =
2 2 4 2
sin cos cos3 cos 1 4cos 3cos x x x x x x = =
4 2
4cos 4cos 1 0 x x + =
2 2
(2cos 1) 0 cos2 0 2 ,
2 4 2
k
x x x k x k

= = = + = + e
4 2
k
x k

= + e
b. iu kin:
cos 0
sin2 0
sin2 0
x
x
x
=
=

2
sin cos2 1 sin sin2
2 2sin2 2 cos2 2sin 2 1 0
cos sin2 sin2 cos
x x x x
x x x
x x x x
+ = + + =
2 2
2
4sin cos2 2(1 cos 2 ) 1 0
2(1 cos2 ) cos2 3 cos 2 0
x x x
x x x
+ =
+ + =

2
1
2cos 2 cos2 1 0 cos2
2
x x x = = hoc cos2 1 x = (loi v sin2 0 x = )
2
2 2 ,
3 3
x k x k k

= + = + e
3
x k k
= + e
c. iu kin: sin 0 x =
2
2
1 1
4 sin 2 4 sin 7 0
sin sin
1 1
4 sin 4 sin 15 0
sin sin
x x
x x
x x
x x
(
| | | |
+ + + =
(
| |
\ . \ .
(

| | | |
+ + + =
| |
\ . \ .

1 3 1 5
sin (1) sin (2)
sin 2 sin 2
x x
x x
+ = v + = .
2
(1) 2sin 3sin 2 0 x x + = (v nghim)
2
(2) 2sin 5sin 2 0 sin 2 x x x + + = = (loi) hoc
1
sin sin
2 6
x
| |
= =
|
\ .

7
2 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= + v = + e
d. Nhn xt:
T phng trnh thy xut hin
2
1
sin x
v
2
cot x ta ngh n cng thc
2
2
1
1 cot
sin
x
x
+ = , sau khi thay
vo ta c mt phng trnh i xng vi tan v cot
iu kin: sin cos 0 sin2 0 (k )
2
k
x x x x

= = = e
PT
2 2
2(1 cot ) 2tan 5(tan cot ) 4 0 x x x x + + + + + =
2 2
2
2(tan cot ) 5(tan cot ) 6 0
2 (tan cot ) 2 5(tan cot ) 6 0
x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + =
( + + + + =

2
2(tan cot ) 5(tan cot ) 2 0 x x x x + + + + = (*)
t:
2 2
tan cot (tan cot ) t x x t x x = + = +
2 2 2 2
tan cot 2tan cot tan cot 2 x x x x x x = + + = + +
2 2 2
2
2 tan cot 2 4 4 2
2
t
x x t t
t
>
> + = > >

s
.
Phng trnh
2
(*) 2 5 2 0 2 t t t + + = = hoc
1
2
t = (loi)
Khi
sin cos
2 2
cos sin
x x
t
x x
= + =
2 2
sin cos 2sin cos sin2 1 x x x x x + = =
,
4
x k k
= + e
Bi 9: Nhn xt:
T phng trnh thy xut hin
2
1
cos x
v
2
tan x ta ngh n cng thc
2
2
1
1 tan
cos
x
x
+ = , sau khi thay
vo ta c mt phng trnh i xng vi tan v cot
iu kin: sin cos 0 sin2 0 ,k
2
k
x x x x

= = = e
PT
2
2
3
3cot 4(tan cot ) 1 0
cos
x x x
x
+ + + =
2 2
3(1 tan ) 3cot 4(tan cot ) 1 0 x x x x + + + + =
2 2
2
3(tan cot ) 4(tan cot ) 2 0
3 (tan cot ) 2 4(tan cot ) 2 0
x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + =
( + + + + =

2
3(tan cot ) 4(tan cot ) 4 0 x x x x + + + = (*)
t:
2 2
tan cot (tan cot ) t x x t x x = + = +
2 2 2 2
tan cot 2tan cot tan cot 2 x x x x x x = + + = + +
2 2 2
2
2 tan cot 2 4 4 2
2
t
x x t t
t
>
> + = > >

s
.
2
(*) 3 4 4 0 2 t t t + = = hoc
2
3
t = (loi)
Khi :
sin cos
2 2
cos sin
x x
t
x x
= + =
2 2
sin cos 2sin cos sin2 1 x x x x x + = =
2 2 ,
2 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
Bi 10:
a. iu kin:
sin 0
sin cos 0
cos 0
x
x x
x
=
=

=

2sin cos 1
3
cos sin sin cos
x x
x x x x
+ = + .
2 2
2 2
2sin cos 3sin cos 1
1 sin 3sin cos 1 sin 3sin cos
x x x x
x x x x x x
+ = +
+ = + =

sin 3cos x x = hoc sin 0 x = (loi)
tan 3 ,
3
x x k k
= = + e
b. iu kin:
cos2 0
sin 0
x
x
=

Phng trnh
2
sin2 cos
8cos
cos2 sin
x x
x
x x
+ =
2
sin2 sin cos2 cos
8cos
cos2 sin
x x x x
x
x x
+
=
2
cos 0
cos 8cos cos2 sin
8cos cos2 sin 1
x
x x x x
x x x
=
=

=

cos 0
cos 0 cos 0
1
4cos2 sin2 1 2sin4 1 sin4
2
x
x x
x x x x
=
= =

= = =

5
,
2 24 2 24 2
k k
x k x x k

= + v = + v = + e
c. iu kin
cos 0
sin 0
x
x
=

3(cot cos 1) 5(tan sin 1) 0
cos sin
3 cos 1 5 sin 1 0
sin cos
x x x x
x x
x x
x x
+ + =
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

cos sin cos sin sin sin cos cos
3 5 0
sin sin
x x x x x x x x
x x
+ + | | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .

3 5
(cos sin cos sin ) 0
sin cos
cos sin cos sin 0 (1)
3 5
(2)
sin cos
x x x x
x x
x x x x
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
+ =

2
(1) 2 1 0 1 2 t t t = = hoc 1 2 t = + (loi)
Vi sin cos 2sin 2
4
t x x x t
| |
= + = + s
|
\ .

1 2 3
sin sin 2 2 ,
4 4 4
2
x x k x k k

| |
+ = = = + + v = + e
|
\ .

3 5 3
(2) tan tan ,
sin cos 5
x x k k
x x
= = = = + e
d. iu kin:
cos 0
sin2 0
sin 0 2
x
k
x x
x
=
= =

Phng trnh
sin cos 0 tan 1
sin cos
2(sin cos )
sin2 1 sin2 1 sin cos
x x x
x x
x x
x x x x
+ = = +
+ =

= =

4 4
,
4 2
2 2
2 4
x k x k
n
x n
x m x m

= + = +

= + e

= + = +

4 2
n
x n

= + e
Bi 11:
a. iu kin: cos 0 x =
2
2
(cos sin )(cos sin ) cos sin
cos cos
(cos sin )(cos sin ) cos sin
x x x x x x
x x
x x x x x x
+ +
=
+ = +

2 2
cos sin 0 tan 1
,
cos2 1 4 cos sin 1
x x x
x k x k k
x x x

+ = =
= + v = e

= =

b. iu kin :
cos3 0
sin2 0
6 3
,
cos 0
4 sin4 0
x
k
x
x
k
x k
x
x

=

= +

=

e

=

=
=
(*)
Phng trnh ( ) ( )
2
2 tan3 tan tan3 cot2
sin4
x x x x
x
+ + =
2sin2 cos 2
cos3 cos cos3 sin2 sin4
x x
x x x x x
+ =
4sin4 sin 2cos2 cos 2cos3
4sin4 sin cos3 cos 2cos3
4sin4 sin cos3 cos
8sin2 cos2 sin 2sin2 sin
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x x
+ =
+ + =
=
=

1 1
cos2 ,
4 2
x x m m = = + e nghim ny tho mn
c. iu kin :
2
2sin 1 0 cos2 0 ,
4 2
k
x x x k

= = = + e
Phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( )
2
4cos sin cos 2cos sin cos 2 sin cos 0 x x x x x x x x + + + =
( )( )( )
4
2 sin cos cos 1 2cos 1 0 2 ,
2
2
3
x m
x x x x x m m
x m
= +
+ + = = e
= +

Kim tra iu kin ta c nghim
2
,
3
m
x m
= e
d. Phng trnh
3 3 3
2 2cos (4cos 3cos ) 2 2sin sin3 1 0 x x x x x + =
2 2
2
2cos .2cos cos3 2sin .2sin sin 3 2
(1 cos2 )(cos2 cos4 ) (1 cos2 )(cos2 cos4 ) 2
2
2(cos2 cos2 cos4 ) 2 cos2 (1 cos4 )
2
2 2
cos2 .cos 2 cos2 ,
4 2 8
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x k k

+ =
+ + + =
+ = + =
= = = + e

Bi 12:
a. iu kin:
( ) cos .sin2 .sin . tan cot2 0
cot 1
x x x x x
x
+ =

Phng trnh
( ) 2 cos sin
1 cos .sin2
2sin
sin cos2 cos
cos
1
cos sin2 sin
x x
x x
x
x x x
x
x x x
= =
+

2sin .cos 2sin x x x =
2
2
4
cos ,
2
2
4
x k
x k
x k
= +
= e
= +

So vi iu kin, ta c h nghim ca phng trnh cho l 2 ,
4
x k k
= + e
b. PT
3
2 3
2
sin2 (cos 3) 2 3.cos 3 3.cos2 8( 3.cos sin ) 3 3 0
2sin .cos 6sin .cos 2 3.cos
6 3cos 3 3 8( 3.cos sin ) 3 3 0
x x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x
+ + =
+
+ + =
2
2cos ( 3cos sin ) 6.cos ( 3cos sin ) 8( 3cos sin ) 0 x x x x x x x x + =
2
( 3cos sin )( 2cos 6cos 8) 0 x x x x + =
2
3cos sin 0
tan 3
cos 3cos 4 0
x x
x
x x
=
=
+ =
hoc cos 1 x = hoc cos 4 x = (loi)

, 3
2
x k
k
x k
= +

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l , 2 ,
3
x k x k k
= + = e
c. PT
6 8 8 6
sin 2sin 2cos cos x x x x =
6 2 6 2 6 6
sin (1 2sin ) cos (2cos 1) sin cos2 cos cos2 x x x x x x x x = =
6 6 6
cos2 0 cos2 0 cos2 0
tan 1 sin cos tan 1
x x x
x x x x
= = =

= = =

4 2
,
4 2
4
x m
x m m
x k

= +
= + e
= +

d. PT
10 8 8 8
5
2cos cos 2sin sin cos2 0
4
x x x x x + + =
8 2 8 2
8 8
5
cos (2cos 1) sin (1 2sin ) cos2 0
4
5
cos cos2 sin cos2 cos2 0
4
x x x x x
x x x x x
+ =
+ =

8 8
5
cos2 cos sin 0 cos2 0
4
x x x x
| |
+ = =
|
\ .
hoc
8 8
5
sin cos 1
4
x x = + > (v nghim)
,
4 2
k
x k

= + e
Bi 13:
Cch 1: PT
3 5 5 3
sin 2sin 2cos cos x x x x =
3 2 3 2 3 3
sin (1 2sin ) cos (2cos 1) sin cos2 cos cos2 x x x x x x x x = =
3 3 3
cos2 0 cos2 0 cos2 0
tan 1 sin cos tan 1
,
4 2 4 4 2
x x x
x x x x
x m x k x m m

= = =

= = =

= + v = + = + e

Cch 2:
3 3 5 5
sin cos 2(sin cos ) x x x x + = +

3 3 2 2 5 5
(sin cos )(sin cos ) 2(sin cos ) x x x x x x + + = +
3 2 3 2 5 5
3 2 2 3 2 2
sin cos cos sin sin cos
sin (cos sin ) cos (cos sin )
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
+ = +
=

2 2 3 3
2 2 2 2
3 3
(cos sin )(cos sin ) 0
cos sin 0 cos sin 0
cos sin cos sin 0
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
=
= =

= =

2 2
2 2
cos sin 0
cos sin 0
cos sin
cos2 0 ,
4 2
x x
x x
x x
x x k k

=
=
= = + e

b. iu kin:
2
cos cos2 0 ,
2
3
x k
x x k
k
x
= e

sin sin2 3cos 3cos2
3 1 3 1
cos2 sin2 cos sin
2 2 2 2
x x x x
x x x x
=
=

2
cos 2 cos ,
2
6 6
9 3
x k
x x k
k
x

=
| | | |

+ = + e
| |

= +
\ . \ .

i chiu vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l
2
,
9 3
k
x k

= + e
c. iu kin:
sin 0
,
cos 0
2
x k
x
k
x x k

=
=
e

= = +

2
3 1
8sin 8sin cos 3sin cos
cos sin
x x x x x
x x
= + = +
2
3 1 3 1
4sin cos sin cos (2sin cos )(2sin ) sin cos
2 2 2 2
x x x x x x x x x = + = +
3 1 1 3 1
2sin sin2 sin cos (cos cos3 ) sin cos
2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x x x = + = +
3 1 1 3
cos cos3 sin cos cos sin cos3
2 2 2 2
x x x x x x x = + =
3 2
3 6
cos3 cos ,
3
3 2
3 12 2
x x k x k
x x k
k
x x k x

= + + = +

| |
= + e

|

\ .

= + = +

Hoc:
2 2
sin 3 1 1
8 .
sin
cos cos cos
cos
x
x
x x x
x
= + (chia 2 v cho cosx)

( ) ( )
2 2
1
8tan 3 1 tan 1 tan
tan
x x x
x
= + + +

3 2
3tan 7tan 3tan 1 0 x x x + + =
( 3tanx 1)(tan
2
x 2 3tanx 1) =0 bn c gii tip
d. Phng trnh
2
cos 2 sin 4 sin(2 ) 2
2
x x x

| |
=
|
\ .

( )
( )
2 2 2
2
cos 2 cos4 sin2 2 1 sin 2 1 2sin 2 sin2 2
sin2 1
sin 2 sin2 2 0 ,
sin2 2 4
x x x x x x
x
x x x k k
x loai

+ = + =
=
+ = = + e

Bi 14:
3tan cos 2cos 2 3tan cos (3tan 2) 2 3tan x x x x x x x + = + + = +
2
3tan 2 0 tan tan
, 3
cos 1 2
cos 1
x x k x
k
x x k
x

+ = = + = =
= =

=

b. PT
3
2cos 3cos sin 0
4
x x x
( | |
=
| (
\ .

( )
3
3 3 2 2
cos sin 3cos sin 0
cos sin 3cos sin 3cos sin 3cos sin 0
x x x x
x x x x x x x x
+ =
+ + + =

3
cos 0
sin sin 0
x
x x
=
hoc
2 3 2 3
cos 0
1 3tan 3tan tan 3 3tan tan tan 0
x
x x x x x x
=
+ + + =

2
sin 1 x = hoc tan 1 x =
2
,
4
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

c. iu kin: cos 0
2
x x k
= = +
PT
2 2 3
sin cos2 sin cos 2sin 0 x x x x x + + =
( ) ( )
2
sin cos2 2sin cos2 0 sin cos2 1 cos2 cos2 0 x x x x x x x x + = + =
( )
2 2
sin 1 2sin 0 2sin sin 1 0 x x x x = + =
1
sin
2
x = hoc sin 1 x = (loi v cos 0 x = )
1 5
sin sin 2 2 ,
2 6 6 6
x x k x k k

= = = + v = + e
d. iu kin:
cos 0
cos 0
2
x
x

=
| |
+ =
|
\ .

Phng trnh
2
2 2
2
2sin
cot 3tan 2tan
cos
x
x x x
x
= =
2 3
1
tan 0 tan 1 tan 1 ,
tan 4
x x x x k k
x
= = = = + e
Bi 15:
a. iu kin: cos 1 sin 0 x x = =
PT
sin cos sin
cot 2 2
1 cos sin 1 cos
x x x
x
x x x
+ = + =
+ +

2 2
cos cos sin 2sin 2sin cos x x x x x x + + = +
( ) ( ) cos 1 2sin cos 1 x x x + = +
2
6
2sin 1 ,
5
2
6
x k
x k
x k
= +
= e
= +

b. PT
2
2sin cos 1 2sin 3sin cos 2 0 x x x x x + + =
( )
2
2sin 2cos 3 sin cos 1 0 x x x x + + =
( )
2
2sin 2cos 3 sin cos 1 0 x x x x + + + = ( 3 ) (phng trnh bc 2 theo sinx)
Ta c ( ) ( )( ) ( )
2 2
2cos 3 4 2 cos 1 2cos 1 x x x A = + + = +
Vy PT
2cos 3 2cos 1 1
sin
4 2
2cos 3 2cos 1
sin cos 1
4
x x
x
x x
x x
+
= =

+ + +
= = +

2
sin cos 1 sin sin
4 2 4
1
sin
1
2 sin
2
x x x
x
x

| |
= + = =
|
\ .

=
=

2
2
6
, 2
5
2 2
6
x k
x k
k
x k x k
= +

= +
v e

= + = +

Hoc: PT ( ) ( )
2
2sin cos cos 2sin 3sin 1 0 x x x x x + + =
( ) ( )( ) cos 2sin 1 2sin 1 sin 1 0 x x x x + + =
5
2 ; 2 ; ; 2 ,
2 6 6
x k x k x x k k

= + = + = = + e
c. PT
( )
( )
2 2
sin3 cos2 1 2sin cos2 sin 2 cos2 1 2sin cos2 0
sin2 cos sin cos2 cos2 1 2sin cos2 0
sin2 cos sin cos2 cos2 1 0
sin 0
sin 2 1 2sin 1 0 sin 2sin 0
1
sin
2
x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x x
x
x x x x x
x
+ = + + + =
+ + =
+ + =
=
+ = =

Vi sin 0 sin sin0 , x x x k k = = = e
Vi
2 2
1
6 6
sin sin sin ,
5 2 6
2 2
6 6
x k x k
x x k
x k x k

= + = +

= = e

= + = +

d.
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2 2
2
2
sin cos 2sin cos 2sin cos 1 2sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
sin cos 2 sin cos 1 2sin
2 2 2 2
1 1
1 2 sin 1 2sin sin 2sin 0
2 2
x x x x x x
x
x x x x
x
x x x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

2
sin 4sin 0 sin 0 x x x + = = hoc sin 4 x = (loi)
Vi sin 0 sin sin0 , x x x k k = = = e
Bi 16:
a. Ta c
3 3
3 3
cos3 3cos
cos3 4cos 3cos cos
4
3sin sin3
sin3 3sin 4sin sin
4
x x
x x x x
x x
x x x x
+
= =
= =

( ) ( )
3
2 2 3
cos3 cos3 3cos sin3 3sin sin3
1
cos 4
4 4 4
cos 3 3cos cos3 3sin sin3 sin 3 4cos 4 1
x x x x x x
x
x x x x x x x
+
= +
+ + = +

( )
3
3 3
1 3 cos cos3 sin sin3 4cos 4 1
3cos4 4cos 4 4cos 4 3cos4 0 cos12 0
x x x x x
x x x x x
+ = +
= = =

12 2
24 6 2
,
12 2
2 24 6
k
x x k
k
k
x k x

= + = +

e

= + = +

b. Ta c
( )
2 2
2
cos2 1 2sin 2sin 1 cos2
4sin 2 1 cos 2 1 sin
4 2 2
x x x x
x
x x

= =
( | | | |
= =
| | (
\ . \ .

( )
( ) ( )
2
sin cos4 2sin 2 1 2 1 sin sin cos4 1 cos4 1 2sin
sin cos4 2 cos4 2sin 0 cos4 sin 1 2 sin 1 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+ = + = +
+ = =

( )( ) sin 1 cos4 2 0 sin 1 x x x = = hoc cos4 2 x = (loi)
2 2
2 2
sin sin 2 ,
2 2
2 2
2 2
x k x k
x x k k
x k x k

= + = +

= = + e

= + = +

c. PT
( )
2 2
2
cos2 1 2sin 2sin 1 cos2
4sin 2 1 cos 2 1 sin
4 2 2
x x x x
x
x x

= =
( | | | |
= =
| | (
\ . \ .

( ) ( )
2 2
2
7 3
sin cos4 sin 2 2 2sin sin cos4 sin 2 2sin 0
2 2
2sin cos4 2sin 2 4sin 3 0
2sin cos4 1 cos4 4sin 3 0
2sin cos4 cos4 4sin 2 0
cos4 2sin 1 2 2sin 1 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x
= + + =
+ + =
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ + + =

( )( )
1
2sin 1 cos4 2 0 sin
2
x x x + + = = hoc sin4 2 x = (loi)
7 7
2 2
7
6 6
sin sin ,
7 6
2 2
6 6
x k x k
x k
x k x k

= + = +

= e

= + = +

d. PT
( )( )
( )( ) ( )
( )( )
2
2
2
2sin 1 3cos4 2sin 4 4cos 3
2sin 1 3cos4 2sin 4 3 4 1 sin 0
2sin 1 3cos4 2sin 4 1 4sin 0
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ + + =

( )( ) ( )( )
( )( )
( )( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
2sin 1 3cos4 2sin 4 1 2sin 1 2sin 0
2sin 1 3cos4 2sin 4 1 2sin 0
2sin 1 3cos4 3 0 3 2sin 1 cos4 1 0
1
sin 1 2sin 1 0
2
cos4 1 0
cos 1 2
x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x
x
x
+ + + + =
+ + + =
+ = + =
= + =

Gii (1)
7 7
2 2
1 7
6 6
sin sin sin ,
7 2 6
2 2
6 6
x k x k
x x k
x k x k

= + = +

= = e

= + = +

Gii (2) cos 1 cos cos0 2 , x x x k k = = = e
Bi 17:
a. PT
( )( )
( )( )
( )( ) ( )
( )( )
2
2
2
2
4cos 2sin 1 2sin2 1 3
2sin 1 2sin2 1 3 4cos 0
2sin 1 2sin2 1 3 4 1 sin 0
2sin 1 2sin2 1 1 4sin 0
x x x
x x x
x x x
x x x
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =

( )( ) ( )( )
( )( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
2sin 1 2sin2 1 2sin 1 1 2sin 0
2sin 1 2sin2 1 1 2sin 0 2sin 1 2sin2 2sin 0
1
sin 1 2sin 1 0
2
2sin2 2sin 0
sin2 sin 2
x x x x
x x x x x x
x x
x x
x x
+ + =
+ = =

= =

=
=

Gii (1)
2 2
1
6 6
sin sin sin ,
5 2 6
2 2
6 6
x k x k
x x k
x k x k

= + = +

= = e

= + = +

Gii (2)
2
2 2
sin2 sin ,
2
2 2
3 3
x k
x x k
x x k
x x k x k

=
= +

= e

= + = +

b. PT
( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )
( )( )( ) ( )
3 2 2
2
cos cos 2sin 2 0 cos cos 1 2 sin 1 0
1 sin cos 1 2 sin 1 0
1 sin sin 1 cos 1 2 sin 1 0
x x x x x x
x x x
x x x x
+ + = + + =
+ + =
+ + + =

( ) ( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
( )
( )
sin 1 cos 1 sin 1 2 0
sin 1 2 sin cos cos sin 1 0
sin 1 1 sin cos cos sin 0
sin 1 0 1
1 sin cos cos sin 0 2
x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
x
x x x x
+ + + = (

=
=
=

Gii (1) ( ) sin 1 sin sin 2
2 2
x x x k k Z

= = = + e
Gii (2) 1 sin cos cos sin 0 x x x x =
t cos sin t x x = + k 2 t s
2
2
1
1 2sin cos sin cos
2
t
t x x x x

= + =
Thay vo (2) ta c
2
2
1
1 0 2 3 0 1
2
t
t t t t
= + = = hoc 3 t = (loi)
Vi
2 2 2
1 cos sin 1 cos sin cos cos
2 2 2 4 4
t x x x x x
| |
= + = + = =
|
\ .

2
2
4 4
, 2
2 2
4 4
x k
x k
k
x k x k

= +
= +
= = +

c. Ta c ( )( ) ( )( )
3 3 2 2
cos sin cos sin cos cos sin sin cos sin 1 cos sin x x x x x x x x x x x x = + + = + thay
vo phng trnh ta c
( )( )
( )( )
( )( ) ( )
( )( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
1 cos sin 1 cos sin sin2
cos sin 1 cos sin cos sin 2sin cos 0
cos sin 1 cos sin cos sin 0
cos sin 1 cos sin cos sin 0
cos sin 0 1
1 cos sin cos sin 0 2
x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x
x x x x
+ + =
+ + + =
+ + =
+ + =
=

+ + =

Gii (1)
2 2
cos sin 0 cos sin 0 cos cos
2 2 4 2
x x x x x
| |
= = + =
|
\ .

( )
2 2 2
4 2 2 4 4
3
2 2 2
4 2 2 4 4
x k x k x k
k
x k x k x k

+ = + = + = +

e

+ = + = + = +

Gii (2). t cos sin t x x = vi 2 t s
2
2
1
1 2sin cos sin cos
2
t
t x x x x

= =
Thay vo (2) ta c
2
2
1
1 0 2 3 0 1
2
t
t t t t
+ + = = = hoc 3 t = (loi)
Vi
2 2 2
1 cos sin 1 cos sin
2 2 2
t x x x x = + = + =
3
cos cos
4 4
x
| |
=
|
\ .
3
2 2 2
4 4
,
3 2
2
2
4 4
x k x k
k
x k
x k

= + = +
= +
= +

d. PT
( ) cos7 sin5 3 cos5 sin7 cos7 3sin7 3cos5 sin5
1 3 3 1
cos7 sin7 cos5 sin5 cos 7 cos 5
2 2 2 2 3 6
7 5 2 2 2
3 6 6 12
7 5 2 12 2
24 6 3 6 2
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x k x k x k
k
x x x k x k

= + = +
| | | |
+ = + =
| |
\ . \ .

= + = + = +

= + = + + = + +

,k e

Bi 18:
a. Ta c
3 3
3 3
cos3 4cos 3cos 4cos cos3 3cos
sin3 3sin 4sin 4sin 3sin sin3
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
= = +
= =

( ) ( ) 3sin sin3 cos3 cos3 3cos sin3 3 3cos4 3 x x x x x x x + + + =
3sin cos3 sin3 cos3 cos3 sin3 3cos sin3 3 3cos4 3 x x x x x x x x x + + + =
sin cos3 cos sin3 3cos4 1 sin4 3cos4 1
1 3 1
sin4 cos4 cos 4 cos
2 2 2 6 3
4 2 4 2 2
6 3 6 24
,
4 2 4 2 2
6 3 6 24
x x x x x x x
x x x
x k x k x k
k
x k x k x k

+ + = + =
| |
+ = =
|
\ .

= + = + = +

e

= + = + = +

b. t cos sin t x x = + vi t 2 s
2 2 2
1 2sin cos 1 sin2 sin2 1 t x x t x x t = + = + =
( ) ( )( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
cos 2 1 sin 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 x x t t t t t t t = = = + + = =
( )
( ) ( )
2 4 3 2 4 3 2 2 4 3 2
2
2 2 2
2 2 3 1 3 0 2 3 2 0 2 0
0
2 1 0 1 0
1
t t t t t t t t t t t
t
t t t t t
t
+ = + = + =
=
+ = =

=

Vi
2 2
0 cos sin 0 cos sin 0 cos cos
2 2 4 2
t x x x x x
| |
= + = + = =
|
\ .

3
2 2
3
4 2 4
,
4
2 2
4 2 4
x k x k
x k k
x k x k

= + = +

= + e

= + = +

Vi
2 2 2
0 cos sin 0 cos sin cos cos
2 2 2 4 4
t x x x x x
| |
= + = + = =
|
\ .

2
2
4 4
, 2
2 2
4 4
x k
x k
k
x k x k

= +
= +
= = +

c. PT
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
4 sin3 cos2 5 sin 1 4sin3 4cos2 5 sin 1 0
4 3sin 4sin 4 1 2sin 5 sin 1 0
x x x x x x
x x x x
= =
=

t sin 1 t x t = s khi phng trnh c dng
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( )
3 2 3 2
2
3 2 2
4 3 4 4 1 2 5 1 0 12 16 4 8 5 5 0
16 8 7 1 0 1 16 8 1 0 1 4 1 0
1
1
4
t t t t t t t t
t t t t t t t t
t
t
= + + =
= + + = + =
=

Vi 1 sin 1 sin sin 2 ,
2 2
t x x x k k

= = = = + e
Vi
2
1 1
sin sin sin ,
2 4 4
x k
t x x k
x k

= +
= = = e
= +

Trong ;
2 2

(
e
(

v
1
sin
4
=
d. iu kin:
sin 0
cos 0
x
x
=

( )
1 1 10 1 1 10
cos sin sin cos
cos sin 3 cos sin 3
x x x x
x x x x
| |
+ + + = + + + =
|
\ .

( )
sin cos 10
sin cos
sin cos 3
x x
x x
x x
+ | |
+ + =
|
\ .

1 10
(sin cos ) 1
sin cos 3
x x
x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

t
2
1
sin cos 2cos sin cos
4 2
t
t x x x x x
| |
= + = =
|
\ .
.
iu kin : 2 t s . Khi phng trnh c dng:
3 2 2
3 10 3 10 0 ( 2)(3 4 5) 0 t t t t t t + + = =
2 t = (loi) hoc
2 19
3
t

= (tha mn) hoc
2 19
3
t
+
= (loi)
Vi
2 19 2 19
2cos
3 4 3
t x
| |
= =
|
\ .

2 19
cos cos 2 ,
4 4
3 2
x x k k

| |
= = = + + e
|
\ .

Bi 19:
a. PT
3 3 1
cos .cos .cos sin .sin . in
2 2 2 2 2
x x x x
x x s =
1 1 1
cos (cos cos2 ) sin (cos cos2 )
2 2 2
x x x x x x + =
2
2
cos cos cos2 sin cos sin cos2 1
cos cos2 sin cos2 sin sin cos
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + =
+ = +

cos2 (cos sin ) sin (sin cos )
(cos sin )(cos2 sin ) 0
x x x x x x
x x x x
+ = +
+ =

2
2
(cos sin )(1 2sin sin ) 0
(cos sin )(2sin sin 1) 0
x x x x
x x x x
+ =
+ + =

4
tan 1
2
2
sin 1 ,
2
1
sin 6
2
5
2
6
x k
x
x k
x k
x k
x
x k
= +

=
= +

= e

= +
=

= +

b. PT
2(cot2 cot3 ) tan2 cot3 x x x x = + .
iu kin : sin2 0 ; sin3 0 ; cos2 0 x x x = = =
cos2 cos3 sin2 cos3
2(cot2 cot3 ) tan2 cot3 2
sin2 sin3 cos2 sin3
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
| |
= + = +
|
\ .
2
3
2sin cos 2sin (cos2 cos )
0 sin 0
sin2 sin3 sin3 cos2 sin2 sin3 cos2
x x x x x
x
x x x x x x x
= = = (loi) do sin2 0 x =
c. PT
2 3 3
2sin cos 3sin 4sin 6cos x x x x x + =
3 2
2
tan 2tan 3tan 6 0
tan 2 tan
(tan 2)(tan 3) 0
tan 3
x x x
x
x x
x
+ =
= =
=

=

,
3
x k
k
x k

= +
= +

d. iu kin: cos 0 x =
2 2 2 2
2 2
2
1 1
sin sin 8cos sin 1 2sin 2 1
8cos 8cos
2
1 2
8
sin 2 sin2 sin2 sin ,
3 2 2 4
2
8
x x x x x
x x
x k
x x x k
x k

= = = =
= +
= = = e
= +

Vy phng trnh c nghim.
2
8
,
3
2
8
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Bi 20:
a. iu kin:
cos 0
cos3 0
x
x
=

Phng trnh tan sin tan3 sin3 tan2 (sin sin3 ) x x x x x x x + = +
(tan tan2 )sin (tan3 tan2 )sin3 0
sin( ) sin
sin sin3 0
cos cos2 cos3 cos2
x x x x x x
x x
x x
x x x x
+ =
+ =

sin 0
sin 0
sin3 sin
sin3 cos cos3 sin 0 0
cos3 cos
x
x
x x
x x x x
x x
=
=
= =

sin 0
sin 0
sin2 0
x
x
x
=
=
hoc cos 0 x = (loi)

, x k k = e
b. iu kin:
cos2 0
sin 0
x
x
=

Phng trnh
2
2sin2 (1 cos2 ).sin 3cos .cos2 2sin 2 .cos 3cos .cos2 x x x x x x x x x + = =
2
2(1 cos 2 ).cos 3cos .cos2 x x x x =
2
2
cos 0
cos 0
cos2 2 ,
6 2cos 2 3cos2 2 0
1
cos2
2
6
x k
x
x
x x n k
x x
x
x m
= +
=

=

= = + e

+ =

= +

i chiu iu kin ta thy phng trnh c 3 h nghim
c. iu kin:
sin 1
cos 0
x
x
=

Phng trnh
2
sin 3 2cos
(2sin 1)
cos cos sin 1
2sin sin 3 2cos (2sin 3)(sin 1) 2cos
cos sin 1 cos sin 1
x x
x
x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x
=
+
= =

2 2 2 2
(2sin 3)(sin 1) 2cos (2sin 3)cos 2cos x x x x x x = =
2
1
6
2sin 3 2 sin ,
5 2
2
6
x k
x x k
x k
= +
= = e
= +

Hoc
2
2cos 2cos 2(1 sin )(1 sin ) 2(1 sin )
sin 1 (sin 1)cos (sin 1)cos cos
x x x x x
x x x x x x
+ +
= = =

d. iu kin: sin3 0 x =
Phng trnh 2cos5 sin2 cos2 .cot3 x x x x + =
2cos5 sin3 sin2 cos3 cos2 .cos3 2cos5 sin3 cos5 0
2
12 3
1
sin3
2
cos5 ( 2sin3 1) 0 ,
2
4 3
cos5 0
10 5
x x x x x x x x x
k
x
x
k
x x x k
x
k
x

+ = =
= +

=

= = + e

=
= +

Bi 21:
a. PT 2sin4 .cos 2cos 1 sin4 0 x x x x + =
( ) ( ) 2cos sin4 1 1 sin4 0 x x x + + = ( )( ) sin4 1 2cos 1 0 x x + =
sin4 1
8 2
,
1
cos
2
2
3
x x k
k
x
x k

= = +

=

= +

b. Phng trnh
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
2
2sin sin cos 2sin2 1 cos2
2sin sin cos 2sin2 .2sin
2sin sin cos 2sin2 0
sin 0
sin 0
,
2
sin2 sin
sin cos 2sin2 0
4 4 3
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x
x
x k
x
k
k
x x x
x x x

+ =
+ =
+ =
= =
=

e
| |
= + = +
+ = |

\ .

c. PT
( ) ( )
2 2
4cos 2 2cos 1 1 2sin 2 1 x x x =
2 2 2
4cos 4cos 2 1 8sin cos 1 0 x x x x + + =
( )
2
4cos 1 cos 2sin cos 0 x x x x + =
( )
2
2
cos 0
1 cos 2sin cos 0
2
cos3 1
cos 2sin 1 1 0 cos3 cos 2
cos 1
x
x x x
x k
x
x x x x
x

+ =
= +
+ = + =

=

, 2 2
cos 1 2
x k x k
k
x x k

= + = +

e

= =

d. cos4 2cos 2 cos 0
8 4
PT x x
| | | |
+ + + =
| |
\ . \ .

2cos 2 cos 2 2cos 2 0
8 8 8
x x x
| | | | | |
+ + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
2cos 2 cos 2 1 0
8 8
x x
( | | | |
+ + =
| | (
\ . \ .

3
cos 2 0
2 2
8
8 2 16
,
9
2 2 cos 2 1
8 16 8
x
x k x k
k
x k x k x

| |

+ =
+ = + = + |

\ .
| |

= + = + =
|

\ .

Cch khc: t 2
8
t x

= +
Bi 22:
a. iu kin: sin 0 x = (*). Khi :
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: ( )
2
sin2 cos2 .sin 2cos 2 .sin
4
x x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

( ) cos 2 .sin cos 2 sin 1 .cos 2 0
4 4 4
x x x x x
| | | | | |
= =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Vi sin 1 2
2
x x k
= = + ,k e, tha (*)
Vi
3
cos 2 0
4 8 2
k
x x
| |
= = +
|
\ .
,k e tha (*)
Vy phng trnh c nghim:
3
2 ; ,
2 8 2
k
x k x k

= + = + e
b. iu kin:
sin 0
sin cos 0
x
x x
=
+ =

Ta c
2
2
sin 1 1 sin 1
2(1 cos )(cot 1) 2(1 cos )
cos sin cos sin sin
x x
x x x
x x x x x

+ + = + =
+ +

2 sin 1
sin cos sin .cos 1 0
1 cos cos sin
x
x x x x
x x x
= + + + =
+

sin 1 x = hoc cos 1 x = (loi)
Vy phng trnh c nghim: 2 ,
2
x k k
= + e
c. iu kin: cos 0
2
x x k
= = +
Ta c ( )
2
2cos cos sin , 1 sin2 cos sin
4
x x x x x x
| |
+ = =
|
\ .

( ) ( )( )
( ) ( ) ( )
4
2 2
4 3
cos sin cos sin 1 sin2
cos sin cos sin sin cos
x x x x x
x x x x x x
=
= +

( )
3
sin cos sin 0 x x x =
sin 0
,
cos sin 0 tan 1
4
x k
x x k
k
x x x x k

=
= =

e

= = = +

Vy phng trnh c 2 nghim: ,
4
x k
k
x k
= +

d. iu kin:
sin 0
sin (1 cos )
tan sin 0 0
cos 1 , cos
cos 0 2
cos 0
cos 0
x
x x
x x
x x k k x
x
x
x
=
= =
= = e

=

=
=

, (*)
Vi iu kin (*) ta c:
( )
2
3(tan sin ) 3(tan sin )
2cos (1 cos ) 2sin 2(1 cos )
tan sin tan sin
3(1 cos )
2(1 cos ) (1 cos ) 3 2(1 cos ) 0
1 cos
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x
x x x
x
+ +
+ = = +

+
= + + =

1 2
cos 2 ,
2 3
x x k k
= = + e
V cos 1 x = loi do sin 0 x =
2
2 ,
3
x k k
= + e
Bi 23:
a. Phng trnh 2sin 2 7sin cos 4 0
4
x x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

sin2 cos2 7sin cos 4 0. x x x x + + =
2
(2sin cos cos ) 2sin 7sin 3 0
cos (2sin 1) (2sin 1)(sin 3) 0
(2sin 1)(cos sin 3) 0.
x x x x x
x x x x
x x x
+ =
=
+ =

1
sin
2
x = hoc cos sin 3 0 x x + = (v nghim)
2
6
,
5
2 .
6
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

b. Ta c
2
5
sin sin 2 sin2 cos cos2 sin
2 2 2 2
sin2 cos 2sin cos cos 4sin cos cos cos 4sin cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x
x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x x
| | | |
= + = +
| |
\ . \ .
= = =

2
5
sin sin 4cos cos cos2
2 2 2
x x x
x x
| | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .

Vy phng trnh (1) tng ng vi
2 3
2 3
sin 4cos cos cos2 5cos 0
2 2
sin 0 (2)
2
4cos cos cos2 5cos 0 (3)
2
x x
x x x
x
x
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
+ =

+Gii (2)
+Gii (3) phng trnh (3) tng ng
2 3
2 3
3
4cos cos cos2 5cos 0
2
2(1 cos )cos 2cos 1 5cos 0
5cos 2cos 1 0
x
x x x
x x x x
x x
+ =
+ =
+ =

c. Phng trnh tng ng
( ) ( )
( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )( )( )
( ) ( )( )
( )( )
2 3 2
2
sin 1 cos cos 0 1 sin cos 1 cos 0
1 sin 1 sin 1 cos 0
1 sin 1 sin 1 sin 1 cos 0
sin 1
1 sin 1 1 sin 1 cos 0
1 1 sin 1 cos 0
x x x x x x
x x x
x x x x
x
x x x
x x
+ + = + =
+ =
+ + =
=
+ = (

=

d. iu kin : cos 0 ,
2
x x l l
= = + e. Phng trnh tng ng vi

3 2
8cos 2cos 6cos 3sin2 1 0 x x x x + =
3
2(4cos 3cos ) cos2 3sin2 x x x x = +
1 3
cos3 cos2 sin2 cos3 cos 2
2 2 3
x x x x x
| |
= + =
|
\ .

3 2 2 2
3 3
,
2
3 2 2
3 15 3
x x k x k
k
k
x x k x

= + = +

e

= + + = +

i chiu vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l :
2
3
,
2
15 3
x k
k
k
x
= +
= +

Bi 24:
a. iu kin:
sin2 0
sin2 0 ,
sin 0 2
x
x x k k
x
=
= = e

Vi iu kin trn phng trnh
2
3cos2 2cos
2(cos 3sin )
sin2
x x
x x
x
+ =
2 2
2sin2 (cos 3sin ) cos 3sin x x x x x + =
cos 3sin 0
2sin2 cos 3sin
6
cot 3
2
,
18 3 sin2 sin
6
5
2
6
x x
x x x
x k
x
x k k
x x
x k
+ =

=

= +

=

= + e
| |

=
|

\ .

= +

So snh vi iu kin phng trnh cho c hai h nghim
2
; ,
6 18 3
x k x k k

= + = + e
b. iu kin: cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
Vi iu kin trn phng trnh cho tng ng:
1 cos 2 sin 2 1008 1 tan
2 2
x x x

| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .
1 sin2 cos2 1 tan x x x =
sin2 cos2 tan 0 x x x + =
2
sin
2sin .cos 2cos 1 0
cos
x
x x x
x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

sin cos
2cos .(sin cos ) 0
cos
x x
x x x
x
+
+ =
1
(sin cos ). 2cos 0
cos
x x x
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

sin 0
4
2sin .cos2 0 , 4
4
cos2 0
4 2
x k
x
x x k
k
x x
| | = +
+ =
| | |
+ = e \ .
|

\ .

= + =

Vy phng trnh cho c 1 h nghim: ,
4 2
k
x k

= + e (h
4 2
k
+ cha
4
k
+ )
c. iu kin
cos 0
2
cos 0
x
x

Phng trnh 4cos2 4sin2 sin2 1 tan tan 6cos 2 0
2
x
x x x x x
| |
+ + + + =
|
\ .

2
1
4cos2 4sin2 2sin .cos . 6cos 2 0
cos
4cos 4sin cos sin 3cos 1 0
x x x x x
x
x x x x x
+ + + =
+ + =

( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )
2
4cos 3cos 1 sin 4cos 1 0
4cos 1 cos 1 sin 4cos 1 0
x x x x
x x x x
+ =
+ =

( )( )
1
cos
4cos 1 cos 1 sin 0 4
sin cos 1
x
x x x
x x
+ =

1
arccos 2
4
2 ; 2
2
x k
x k x k
= +
= + = +

i chiu iu kin ta c
1
arccos 2 ,
4
x k k = + e l nghim
d. iu kin: cos2 0
4 2
x x k

= = +
Vi iu kin trn PT cho tng ng vi
2 2
sin2 2(cos sin ) 1
3 2cos2
cos2 cos sin cos2
3sin2 2cos 2 2(cos sin ) 1
x x x
x
x x x x
x x x x
+ =
+
+ =

2 2
3sin2 2(1 sin 2 ) 2(1 sin2 ) 1 2sin 2 sin2 1 0 x x x x x + = + =
4
sin2 1
,
1
12 sin2
2
5
12
x k
x
x k k
x
x k
= +
=

= + e

=

= +

i chiu vi iu kin ta thy
5
; ,
12 12
x k x k k

= + = + e tha mn
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim
5
; ,
12 12
x k x k k

= + = + e
Bi 25:
a. iu kin: sin 0 x = (*)
Vi iu kin (*) ta c:
( )
2
1 1
2 sin 2 4sin 1
sin 6 2sin
4sin 2 sin 2 8sin 2sin 1
6
1 3
2(2sin 1) cos2 sin2 (2sin 1)(4sin 1)
2 2
x x
x x
x x x x
x x x x x
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
= +
|
|
\ .

Suy ra :2sin 1 0 x = hoc cos2 3sin2 4sin 1 x x x = +
TH 1:
2
6
2sin 1 0 ,
5
2
6
x k
x k
x k
= +
= e
= +

TH 2:
2
cos2 3sin2 4sin 1 4sin 2sin 2 3sin cos 0 x x x x x x x = + + + =
7
sin 3cos 2 cos 1 2 ,
6 6
x x x x k k

| |
+ = = = + e
|
\ .
(V sin 0 x = )
Vy phng trnh c nghim: 2 ;
6
x k
= +
5
2
6
x k
= + ;
7
2 ,
6
x k k
= + e
b. Phng trnh cho
2
sin .sin2 cos .sin 2 1 cos 2 1
2
x x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

2
sin .sin2 cos .sin 2 sin2 0 sin2 (sin cos .sin2 1) 0 x x x x x x x x x = =
sin2 0
sin cos .sin2 1 0
x
x x x
=

Gii phng trnh:sin2 0 ,
2
k
x x k
= = e
Gii phng trnh:
2
sin cos .sin2 1 0 sin 2(1 sin ).sin 1 0 x x x x x x = =
3 2
2sin sin 1 0 (sin 1)(2sin 2sin 1) 0 x x x x x = + + =
sin 1 2 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e (v
2
2sin 2sin 1 0 x x + + = v nghim)
Vy phng trnh c cc nghim: ,
2
k
x k
= e
c. Ta c
2 2
2009
cos2 2 2sin 4cos sin 4sin cos
4
x x x x x x
| |
+ + = +
|
\ .

2 2
cos sin 2(sin cos ) 4sin .cos (sin cos ) x x x x x x x x + + = +
(cos sin )(cos sin 4cos .sin 2) 0 x x x x x x + + =
cos sin 0 (1)
cos sin 4sin .cos 2 0(2)
x x
x x x x
+ =

+ =

+Gii (1): (1) tan 1
4
x x k
= = +
+Gii (2): t cos sin , 2 x x t t = s ta c phng trnh:
2
2 0 t t + =
0
1/ 2
t
t
=

Vi 0 t = ta c: tan 1
4
x x k
= = +
Vi 1/ 2 t = ta c:
arccos( 2/ 4) / 4 2
cos 2/ 4
4
arccos( 2/ 4) / 4 2
x k
x
x k

= +
| |
+ =
|
\ . = +

Vy phng trnh c 4 h nghim:
4
x k
= + ,
4
x k
= + ,
arccos( 2/ 4) / 4 2 x k = + , arccos( 2/ 4) / 4 2 , x k k = + e
d. Phng trnh
( )
2
sin .sin2 cos .sin 2 cos 2
2
sin2 sin cos .sin2 1 0
x x x x x
x x x x
| |

|
\ .
=

( )( )
2
sin2 sin 1 2sin (1 sin ) 0
sin2 sin 1 2sin2 2sin 1 0
x x x x
x x x x
( =

+ + =

sin2 0
2
sin 1
2
2
x k
x
x
x k
=

= +

Vy phng trnh c nghim ,
2
x k k
= e
Bi 26:
a. Ta c phng trnh cho tng ng vi
2
sin2 1 cos2 2(sin2 sin4 ) 2sin .cos 2cos 2 2sin3 .cos x x x x x x x x x = + + + = +
cos 0
2cos (sin cos 2sin3 ) 0
sin cos 2sin3 0 (*)
x
x x x x
x x x
=
=

=

Vi cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
(*) sin cos 2cos3 2sin 2sin3
4
3 2
4
8
sin3 sin
5 4
3 2
4 16 2
x x x x x
x x k
x k
x x
x x k x k

| |
= =
|
\ .

= +
= +

| |
=
|
| |
\ .

= + = +
|

\ .

Vy phng trnh cho c nghim
5
; ; ,
2 8 16 2
x k x k x k k

= + = + = + e
b. Ta c: cos 3 3sin cos7 x x x = cos cos7 3 3sin x x x =
2sin3 sin4 3 3sin 0 x x x =
( )
2
2sin4 3 4sin sin 3 3sin 0 x x x x =

( )
( ) ( )
2
sin 0 1
2sin4 3 4sin 3 3 0 2
x
x x
=

(1) sin 0 x = x k =
(2)
( )
2
2sin4 3 4sin 3 3 0 x x = ( ) 2sin4 3 2 2cos2 3 3 0 x x + =
( ) 2sin4 1 2cos2 3 3 0 x x + = ( )
3 3
sin4 1 2cos2
2
x x + =

2
3 3
sin4 4sin2 cos 2
2
x x x + = (*)
Mt khc :
2 2 4
2 2
3
cos 2 cos 2 cos 2
1 sin 2 3 sin 2
2 2 4
x x x
x x = + + >

2 4
3
sin 2 cos 2
1 3
4
x x
>
2 4
4
sin 2 cos 2
27
x x >
Suy ra:
2 2
2
sin2 cos 2 sin2 cos 2
3 3
x x x x s s
2
8 3 3
sin4 4sin2 cos 2 1
2
3 3
x x x + s + < .
Vy phng trnh (*) v nghim
Hay phng trnh (1) c nghim duy nht , x k k = e
c. 2(sin cos ) sin3 cos3 3 2(2 sin2 ) x x x x x + + = +
3 3
2(sin cos ) 3sin 4sin 4cos 3cos 3 2(2 sin2 ) x x x x x x x + + = +
5(sin cos ) 4(sin cos )(1 sin cos ) 3 2(2 sin2 ) x x x x x x x + = +
(sin cos )(1 4sin cos ) 3 2(2 sin2 ) x x x x x = + (1)
+ t t = sinx cosx , 2 2 t s s th t
2
=1 sin2x
+(1) tr thnh t[1 +2(t
2
1)] =3 2( 3 t
2
)
3 2
2 3 2 9 2 0 t t t + =
2
( 2)(2 5 2 9) 0 t t t + + = t = 2
Vi sinx cosx = 2
3
sin 1 2 ,
4 4
x x k k

| |
= = + e
|
\ .

d. iu kin:
4
x k
= + .
PT (1 sin )(1 sin )(cos 1) 2(1 sin )(sin cos ) x x x x x x + = + +
( )( )
1 sin 0
1 sin 0
1 sin cos 1 0 sin cos sin cos 1 0
x
x
x x x x x x
+ = + =

+ + = + + + =

2
, 2
2
x k
k
x k
= +
= +
(tho mn iu kin)
Bi 27:
a. t
2
2
tan sin2
1
t
t x x
t
= =
+
. Phng trnh tr thnh
( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
( )( ) ( )
2
2
2 2
1
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
t
t
t t t t t t
t t t t
=
| |
+ = + + = + +
|
+ = + +
\ .

Vi 1 0 tan 1 tan 0 ,
4
t t x x x k x k k
= v = = v = = + v = e
b. iu kin: sin 0 x =
Bin i phng trnh v:
3 3 2
2cos cos2 sin 0 2cos 2cos 1 sin 0 x x x x x x + + = + + =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )( )
2
2cos 1 cos 1 sin 0
1 sin 2 1 sin 1 cos 1 0
x x x
x x x
+ =
+ + = (

( ) 1 sin 0 * x = hoc ( )( ) ( ) 2 1 sin 1 cos 1 0 ** x x + + =
TH 1: (*) sin 1 2 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e. Tha iu kin.
TH 2: (**) ( ) 1 2sin cos 2 sin cos 0 x x x x + + + =
( ) ( )
2
sin cos 2 sin cos 0 x x x x + + + =
( )( ) sin cos sin cos 2 0 x x x x + + + =
sin cos 0 x x + = hoc sin cos 2 0 x x + + = (v nghim gii thch)
2sin 0 ,
4 4
x x k k

| |
+ = = + e
|
\ .
. Tha iu kin.
Vy phng trnh c cc h nghim: 2 ; ,
2 4
x k x k k

= + = + e
c. iu kin: ;
2 4
x k x k

= + = +

2
2.(sin cos )(2cos2 1)
2 2cos3 2cos2 1 2cos3 .cos
cos (cos sin )
cos2 0
2cos2 1 cos4 cos2 cos2 2cos 2
1
cos2
2
x x x
x x x x
x x x
x
x x x x x
x
+
= =
+
=
= + =

=

4 2
,
6
x k
k
x k

= +
= +

Kt hp iu kin ta c ;
4 6
x k x k

= + = + l nghim ca phng trnh.
d. iu kin
cos 0
cos 0
2
x
x
=
.
Phng trnh
2
2
2
cos cos
1 3 3
cos 2sin
2 cos cos
x x
x
x
x x
| | | |
+
| |
| | \ . \ .
+ =
|
\ .

2
2
2
2cos cos
1 2 6
(cos 1 cos )
cos cos
1 3sin
1 tan 3tan
cos cos
x
x x
x x
x
x x
x x
| |
|
\ .
+ =
= =

2
tan 0
tan 3tan 0
tan 3
3
x k
x
x x
x k x

=
=

=

= + =

i chiu iu kin ta thy nghim ca phng trnh l
2
,
3
x l
l Z
x l
= +

Bi 28:
a. Phng trnh ( ) sin 1 cos sin cos2 cos2 sin cos x x x x x x x + + = + +
( ) ( ) ( )( ) cos2 sin 1 cos sin 1 0 sin 1 cos2 cos 0 x x x x x x x + = + =
Vi sin 1 2 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
Vi
( )
2 2
cos2 cos cos
2 2
x x l
x x x
x x l

= +
= =

= +

2
, 2
, 3 3
3 3
2
x l l
x l l
x l

= + e
= + e
= +

Vy phng trnh c nghim 2 ,
2
x k k
= + e;
2
,
3 3
x l l

= + e
b. Pt
4 4 2
3(sin cos ) (2cos 3 1) (cos3 cos ) 0 x x x x x + + + =
3
3cos2 cos6 2cos2 cos 0
4cos 2 6cos2 2cos2 cos 0
x x x x
x x x x
+ + =
+ =

2
2
cos2 0(*)
cos2 (2cos 2 3 cos ) 0
2(cos 2 1) (cos 1) 0(**)
x
x x x
x x
=
+ =

+ =

(*) , .
4 2
k
x k Z

= + e (**)
2 2
2(cos2 1)(cos2 1) (cos 1) 0
8cos ( sin ) (cos 1) 0
x x x
x x x
+ + =
+ =

2 2
2
8cos (cos 1) (cos 1) 0
(cos 1) 8cos (cos 1) 1 0
x x x
x x x
+ =
( + + =

2
cos 1
2 ,
8cos (cos 1) 1 0( )
x
x k k
x x vn

=
= e
+ + =

Phng trnh c 2 nghim: ; 2 ,
4 2
x k x k k

= + = e
c. iu kin:

1 cot 0;sin 0 x x + = =

Phng trnh sin (sin cos2 ) cos (sin cos2 ) 1 x x x x x x + =
2
2
1 sin sin cos2 cos sin cos cos2 0
cos (cos sin ) cos2 (sin cos ) 0
(sin cos )(cos cos2 ) 0
(sin cos )(2cos cos 1) 0
1
sin cos 0 cos 1 cos
2
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ = v = v =

2
cos (cos sin ) cos2 (sin cos ) 0
(sin cos )(cos cos2 ) 0
(sin cos )(2cos cos 1) 0
1
sin cos 0 cos 1 cos
2
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
+ + + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ = v = v =

i chiu vi iu kin ch c
1
cos
2
x = tha mn
Ta c:
1
cos 2 ,
2 3
x x k k
= = + e

Vy phng trnh cho c nghim l 2 ,
3
x k k
= + e
d. D thy sin 0 x = khng tho mn phng trnh. Khi sin 0 x = ta c
(*)
3 2
(3sin 4sin )(3 4sin 3 ) sin x x x x =
2 3
sin3 (3 4sin 3 ) sin 3sin3 4sin 3 sin9 sin x x x x x x x = =
4
( )
10 5
k
x
k
k
x
= +

Kt hp iu kin sin 0 x = ta c ; ;
4 2 2 10 5
k k
x x k x

= + = + = + vi k e l cc nghim ca
phng trnh.
Bi 29:
a. Phng trnh
( ) ( )
4 3 2 2 2
4cos 4 3cos 3cos cos 2 3sin .cos 3sin 0 x x x x x x x + + + + =
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2
2
2 2
2cos 3cos cos 3sin 0
cos 2cos 3 4cos 0
3
x x x x
x x x

+ + =
| |
+ =
|
\ .

2
2
cos 0
cos 0
3
x
x

=
| |
=
|
\ .
(v nghim) v
2
3
cos
2
cos 0
3
x
x

| |
=
|
\ .

2
6
2 ,
6
6
x k
x k k
x l
= +
= + e
= +

b. PT
1
cos2 cos4 cos6 (cos3 cos )cos3 2
2
x x x x x x + + = + +
2
2cos2 2cos4 2cos6 cos 3 cos cos3 4
cos2 1
... cos2 cos4 cos6 3 cos4 1 ...
cos6 1
x x x x x x
x
x x x x x k
x
+ + = + +
=
+ + = = =

c.
2013 2013
(cos3 sin2 cos )cos (sin3 cos2 sin )sin
5 5
x x x x x x

= +
2013 2013 2013
cos 3 sin 2 cos 0
5 5 5
x x x
| | | | | |
+ + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

2013 2013
2sin 2 sin sin 2 0
5 5
x x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

( )
2013
sin 2 2sin 1 0
5
x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

2013
sin 2 0
5
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
hoc 2sin 1 0 x + =
Phng trnh c cc h nghim:
2013 7
; 2 ; 2 ,
10 2 6 6
x k x k x k k

= + = + = + e
d. Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: ( ) 4sin3 sin5 sin3 sinx 0 x x x + =
3sin3 sin5 sin 0 3sin3 2sin3 .cos2 0
sin3 (3 2cos2 ) 0 sin3 0 ,
3
x x x x x x
k
x x x x k
+ + = + =
+ = = = e

Bi 30:
a. Bin i
11
sin sin 2 cos
4 2 4 4
x x x

| | | | | |
+ = + + + = +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Pt sin2 cos2 1 (cos sin ) x x x x =
2
2sin cos 2cos (cos sin ) 0 x x x x x + =
2cos (sin cos ) (sin cos ) 0 x x x x x =
TH 1. sin cos 0 tan 1
4
x x x x k
= = = +
TH 2.
1
2cos 1 0 cos 2
2 3
x x x k
= = = +
Vy phng trnh c cc nghim l ; 2
4 3
x k x k

= + = + ,
b. iu kin:
cos2 0
4 2
cos 0
2
m
x
x
m
x
x m

= +
=
e

=

= +

PT 6sin cos2 cos (sin4 sin2 ) x x x x x = +
2 2 2
6sin cos cos2 (4sin cos cos2 2sin cos )
sin (4cos cos 2 2cos cos2 6) 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x
= +
+ =

2
3 2
2
sin (2cos 2 (1 cos2 ) cos2 (1 cos2 ) 6 0
sin (2cos 2 3cos 2 cos2 6) 0
sin (cos2 1)(2cos 2 5cos2 6) 0
x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
( + + + =

+ + =
+ + =

2
sin 0
cos2 1 ,
2cos 2 5cos2 6 0( )
x
x x k k
x x VN
= = e
+ + =

c. Phng trnh
1 cos 2 .cos (cos2 3)sin 3cos3
2
(1 sin2 ).cos (cos2 3)sin 3cos3
cos (sin2 .cos cos2 sin ) 3sin 3cos3
cos 3sin 3cos3 sin3
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x
( | |
+ + + =
| (
\ .
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ =

1 3 3 1
cos sin cos3 sin3
2 2 2 2
3 2
6 3
cos 3 cos
6 3
3 2
6 3
4
,
24 2
x x x x
x x k
x x
x x k
x k
k
x k

+ =
+ = +
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

+ = + +
= +
= +

d. iu kin: cosx 0.
Bin i PT v: cos
2
x(1 +sin2x cos2x) = cos
2
x (2sinx +2cosx)
1 +sin2x cos2x = 2(sinx + cosx) (v cosx 0)
(sinx +cosx)
2
(cos
2
x sin
2
x) 2(sinx + cosx) = 0
(sinx +cosx)[sinx +cosx (cosx sinx) 2] = 0
(sinx +cosx)(2sinx 2) = 0
sinx +cosx =0 hoc 2sinx 2 = 0
tanx = 1 hoc sinx = 1 (khng tha cosx = 0)
,
4
x k k
= + e
Bi 31:
a. iu kin: cos 1 x = . Phng trnh cho tng ng vi :
sin2 cos2 2(cos sin ) 3cos
1
1 cos
x x x x x
x
+ +
=
+

sin2 cos2 cos 2sin 1 cos x x x x x + + + = +
2
sin2 cos2 1 2sin 0 2sin cos 2sin 2sin 0
sin (cos sin 1) 0
x x x x x x x
x x x
+ + = + =
+ =

sin 0
cos 1 (loai) ,
2
sin 1 2
x
x k
x k
x k
x

= =

= e

= +
=

So snh iu kin c nghim 2 x k = v 2
2
x k
= + , k e
b. iu kin: cos 0 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
Khi phng trnh tr thnh:
2 2
cos (sin tan ) sin cos x x x x x + =
2 2
cos (sin tan ) sin cos sin sin sin
sin 0
sin (cos sin 1) 0
cos sin 1 0
x x x x x x x x
x
x x x
x x
+ = + =
=
+ =

+ =

sin 0
2
2
cos sin 1 0 2 cos
4 2
2
x l
x l
x
x m
x x x
x n

=
=

=

= +
| |

+ = + =
\ .
= +
trong k, m, n e .
Kt hp nghim v so snh vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l: , x l l = e
c. Phng trnh
cos4 cos2 3(1 sin2 ) 3 1 cos 4
2
cos4 3sin4 cos2 3sin2 0
x x x x
x x x x
| | | |
+ + + = + +
| |
\ . \ .
+ + + =

sin 4 sin 2 0
6 6
18 3
2sin 3 .cos 0
6
2
x x
x k
x x
x k

| | | |
+ + + =
| |
\ . \ .
= +
| |
+ =
|
\ .

= +

Vy phng trnh c hai nghim
2
x k
= + ;
18 3
x k

= + ,k e
d. PT sin2 cos2 3sin cos 2 x x x x + = + +
2
2sin cos 3sin 2cos cos 3 0 x x x x x + =
( ) ( )( )
( )( )
2cos 3 sin cos 1 2cos 3 0
sin cos 1 2cos 3 0
x x x x
x x x
+ + =
+ + =

Khi:
3
cos
2
x = (loi)
Khi
2 1
sin cos 1 sin , 2
4
2
2
x k
x x x k
x k
= +
| |

+ = + = e
|

\ .
= +
.
Vy, Nghim phng trnh l 2 , 2
2
x k x k
= + = + . k e
Bi 32:
a. Phng trnh cho
2
9sin 6cos 2cos 1 6sin cos 8 x x x x x + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( )
2
9 sin 1 6cos 1 sin 2 1 sin 0
1 sin 2sin 6cos 7 0
x x x x
x x x
+ + =
+ =

sin 1 x = hoc 2sin 6cos 7 0 x x + = (khng tha mn)
Vi sin 1 2 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l: 2 ,
2
x k k
= + e
b.
2
17
sin 2 16 2 3.sin cos 20sin
2 2 12
x
x x x
| | | |
+ + = + +
| |
\ . \ .

Bin i phng trnh cho tng ng vi

cos2 3sin2 10cos 6 0
6
cos 2 5cos 3 0
3 6
x x x
x x

| |
+ + + =
|
\ .
| | | |
+ + + + =
| |
\ . \ .

2
2cos 5cos 2 0
6 6
x x
| | | |
+ + + + =
| |
\ . \ .

1
cos
6 2
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
hoc cos 2
6
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
(loi)
2
2
,
5
2
6
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

c.
( )
2 2
3tan 2 2 2 3 2 sin x cos x x + = +
Vi cos 0 x = th sin 1 x = , v th chia c 2 v phng trnh cho sin 0 x = , ta c phng trnh:
2
2
sin cos
3 2 2 2 3 2
sin cos
x x
x x
| |
| |
+ = +
| |
\ .
\ .
( ) -
t
2
sin
cos
x
t
x
= , th phng trnh ( ) - tr thnh:
1
3 2 2 2 3 2 t
t
+ = +
( )
2
3 2 3 2 2 2 0 2 t t t + + = = hoc
2
3
t =
Vi
2
3
t = tc
( )
2 2
2
sin 2
2 1 sin 3sin 2sin 3sin 2 0
3 cos
x
x x x x
x
= = + = ( ) 1
t sin , u x = 1 1 u s s . Khi phng trnh tr thnh:
2
2 3 2 0 u u + = , phng trnh ny c nghim 2 u = (khng tha ),
1
2
u = ( tha)
Vi
1
2
u = tc
1
sin 2
2 6
x x k
= = + hoc
5
2
6
x k
= +
Vi 2 t = tc l
( )
2 2
2
sin
2 2 1 sin sin 2sin sin 2 0
cos
x
x x x x
x
= = + = ( ) 2 .
t sin , v x = 1 1 v s s . Khi phng trnh tr thnh:
2
2 2 0 v v + = , phng trnh ny c nghim
2 v = ( khng tha ),
1
2
v = ( tha ).
Vi
1
2
v = tc
2
sin 2
2 4
x x k
= = + hoc
3
2
4
x k
= +
i chiu iu kin, phng trnh c cc nghim :
2
4
x k
= + ,
3
2
4
x k
= + , 2
6
x k
= + ,
5
2
6
x k
= + vi k e
d. PT
( )
2 2
sinx.cos2 sin2 .cos 1
. os4 1 2sin . os
sin2 .cos 2
x x x
c x x c x
x x
=
2
3 2
2
cos4 1 sin 2
1 cos 2 7cos 2 cos2 5 0
2 2 2cos
x x
x x x
x
| |
= + + =
|
\ .

t cos2 , 1 1. t x t = < < Ta c phng trnh:
{ }
3 2
7 5 0 1;3 14;3 14 t t t t + + = e +
i chiu iu kin, suy ra
( )
1
3 14 arccos 3 14 , .
2
t x k k = = + e
e. PT
2
1 sin sin cos sin 1 cos 1 sin
2 2 2
x x
x x x x
| |
+ = + = +
|
\ .

sin sin cos sin 1 0 sin sin cos .2sin cos 1 0
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x
x x x
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

2
sin sin 1 2sin 2sin 1 0 ... ,
2 2 2
x x x
x x k k
| || |
+ + = = e
| |
\ .\ .

Bi 33:
a. iu kin ,
8
x k k
= e
Vi iu kin trn (1)
2
2 2
4sin cos cos 2
tan 2 .cot 2
4 4 sin cos
x x x
x x
x x
| | | |
=
| |

\ . \ .

1 =2sin2xcos2x sin4x =1
8 2
x k

= +
Da vo iu kin ta thy phng trnh v nghim.
b. Pt 5cos sin 3 sin2 cos2 x x x x + = +
2
2cos 5cos 2 sin 2 sin 0 x x x x + + =
( )( ) ( ) 2cos 1 cos 2 sin 2cos 1 0 x x x x + =
( )( ) 2cos 1 cos sin 2 0. x x x + =
+Vi cos sin 2 x x + = v nghim.
+Vi cosx =
1
2 ,
2 3
x k k
= + e.
i chiu iu kin x ( ) 0; e suy ra phng trnh c nghim duy nht l :
3

c. iu kin: sin .cos 0 x x =
2
3 2
2
PT 1 tan 2tan .sin cos
cos 2cos 2cos 1 0
(cos 1)(cos 3cos 1) 0
x x x x
x x x
x x x
= + +
+ =
+ + =

2
cos 3cos 1 0 x x + + = hoc cos 1 x = (loi)
3 5
cos
2
x
+
= hoc
3 5
cos
2
x

= (loi)
3 5
arccos 2
2
,
3 5
arccos 2
2
x k
k
x k
+
= +
+
= +

d. iu kin: cosx 0 = (*).
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: tan 3.sin sinx.tanx x x + =
2
sin 3.sin .cos sin x x x x + =
( )
sin 1 3cos sin 0 x x x + =
sin 0 x x k = = , tha mn (*)
1
sin 3cos 1 0 sin 2
3 2 2
x x x x k

| |
= = = +
|
\ .
(khng tha mn (*)) hoc
7
2
6
x k
= +
7
; 2 ,
6
x k x k k
= = + e.
Bi 34:
a. iu kin:
4
x k
= + .
PT (1 sin )(1 sin )(cos 1) 2(1 sin )(sin cos ) x x x x x x + = + +
1 sin 0
sin cos sin cos 1 0
x
x x x x
+ =

+ + + =
( )( )
1 sin 0
1 sin cos 1 0
x
x x
+ =

+ + =

2
2
2
x k
x k
= +
= +
(Tho mn iu kin)
b. iu kin:
sin3 0
sin2 0
x
x
=

Pt
1 cot2 2
sin2 cos2 2sin3
sin3 sin2
x
x x x
x x
+
= + =
2
4
sin 2 sin3
3 2 4
20 5
x k
x x
k
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

= +
tha mn iu kin.
c.
( )
2
sin3 cos .cos2 tan tan2 x x x x x = + (1)
iu kin:
cos 0
2
,
cos2 0
4 2
x k
x
k
x
x k
= +
=
e

=

= +
(2)
Vi iu kin (2) th
( )
2
3
sin .cos2
sin3 sin2 .cos
cos
sin3 .cos cos2 .sin 2cos sin
x x
x x x
x
x x x x x x
= +
= +

( ) ( )
2 3
3 4sin .cos cos2 .sin 2cos sin 0 x x x x x x
(
+ =

TH1: sin 0 x x k = = tho mn (2)
TH2:
3
2cos cos cos2 sin 0 cos2 . cos2 sin 0 x x x x x cosx x x = = ( ) cos2 cos sin 0 x x x =
i chiu vi iu kin c cos sin 0 tan 1
4
x x x x k
= = = + khng tho mn (2)

Kt lun tp nghim ca phng trnh l , x k k = e
d. iu kin
cos 0
2
(*)
sin 0
3
3
x
x k
x
x k
=
= +
| |
+ =
|

= +
\ .

PT
2
2
3
cos2 3sin2 4 2cos sin
3 cos
x x x x
x
| |
+ + = +
|
\ .

cos2 .cos sin2 sin 2 3sin
3 3 3
x x x
| |
+ + = +
|
\ .

2
cos 2 3sin 2 0
3 3
cos 1 (1)
6
2cos 3cos 1 0
6 6 1
cos (2)
6 2
x x
x
x x
x

| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .
| |
=
|
\ . | | | |

+ =
| |

\ . \ . | |
=
|
\ .

(1) 2 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= = + e ;
2 2 ( )
6 3 2
(2)
2 2
6 6 3
x k x k loai
x k x k

= + = +

= + = +

Vy nghim ca phng trnh: 2 ,
6
x k k
= + e
Bi 35:
a. Phng trnh
2 2
2
2
2
2cos (sin cos ) sin2 cos sin 1
2cos (sin cos )(sin cos ) (sin cos ) cos sin 0
(sin cos ).(2cos 2sin .cos sin cos 1) 0
sin cos 0 (1)
2cos 2sin .cos sin cos 1 0 (2)
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x
x x x x x
+ = +
+ + =
+ + =
=

+ + =

(1) 2sin 0 ,
4 4
x x k k

| |
= = + e
|
\ .

2
(2) 2cos cos 1 sin (2cos 1) 0
(2cos 1)(cos 1) sin (2cos 1) 0
2cos 1 0
cos sin 1
x x x x
x x x x
x
x x
+ + =
+ + =
=

+ =

2 1
cos
3
2
2 ,
1
sin
4 2
2
2
x k
x
x k k
x
x k

= +

= + e
| |

+ =

|
= + \ .

Vy phng trnh c cc nghim trn
b. Pt ( )
( )
3 3
3sin 4sin 4cos 3cos sin 2sin2 1 4cos 1 3 x x x x x x x + = +
( )( ) ( )
( )
sin cos 2sin2 1 sin 2sin2 1 4cos 1 3 x x x x x x + =
( )( ) ( )
( )
sin cos 2sin2 1 sin 2sin2 1 4cos 1 3 x x x x x x + =
( )
( )
1
sin2
2 2sin2 1 2sin2 cos 3sin 0
3sin cos 2sin2
x
x x x x
x x x
+ =

=

+Vi
1
12
sin2 sin ,
5 2 6
12
x k
x k
x k
= +
= = e
= +

+Vi 3sin cos 2sin2 sin .cos cos .sin sin2
6 6
x x x x x x

= =
2 2 2
6 6
sin sin2 ,
7 2 6
2 2
6 18 3
x x k x k
x x k
x x k x k

= + = +

| |
= e
|
\ .

= + + = +

Vy phng trnh c cc h nghim trn
c. iu kin: sin 0 x = (*). Khi :
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: ( )
2
sin2 cos2 .sin 2cos 2 .sin
4
x x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

( ) cos 2 .sin cos 2 sin 1 .cos 2 0
4 4 4
x x x x x
| | | | | |
= =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

+Vi sin 1 2 ,
2
x x k k
= = + e , tha (*)
+Vi
3
cos 2 0 ,
4 8 2
k
x x k
| |
= = + e
|
\ .
, tha (*)
3
2 ; ,
2 8 2
k
x k x k

= + = + e
d. Ta c:cos 0
2
x x k
= = +
PT
( )
3 2 2
8cos 6 2sin2 sin 2 cos 2 16cos x x x x x + + =
3
4cos 3 2sin2 8cos x x x + =
2
(2cos 3 2sin 4) 0 x x + =
2
2sin 3 2sin 2 0 x x + =
2
4
,
3
2
4
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

Vy phng trnh cho c 2 nghim
5
;
2 2
x
| |
e
|
\ .
l
3 9
;
4 4
x x

= =
Bi 36:
a. PT 4cos5xcosx =2sinxcosx +2 3cos
2
x
cos 0
2cos5 sin 3cos
x
x x x
=

= +
cos 0
cos5 cos
6
x
x x

=
| |
=
|
\ .

2
,
24 2
36 3
x k
k
x k
k
x
= +
= + e
= +

b. iu kin: x
4 2
k
= + . Pt tng ng
2
2sin2 2(sin cos )
cos2 1 cos 2 cos2 2 0
cos2 cos sin
x x x
x x x
x x x
+
+ = =

cos2 2 x = (loi) hoc cos2 1
2
x x k
= = +
c. iu kin: 2
3
x k
= +
PT
( )
2 3 cos 1 cos2 2cos 1
2 4
x
x x
( | |
=
| (
\ .

2cos 3cos 1 cos 2cos 1
2
x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

3cos cos 0
2
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
3cos sin 0 x x + =
tan 3
3
x x k
= = + .
4
2 ,
3
x k k
= + e
d. Phng trnh cho tng ng vi
2(cos4x +cos2x) = 3 (cos2x +1) +sin2x
2
cos 0
4cos3 cos 2 3cos 2sin cos
2cos3 3cos sin
x
x x x x x
x x x
=
= +

= +

+Vi cos 0
2
x x k
= = +
+Vi
3 2
6
2cos3 3cos sin cos3 cos
6
3 2
6
x x k
x x x x x
x x k
= +
| |
= + =
|
\ .

= +

12
24 2
x k
k
x
= +
= +
v x | |
11 13
0; , , ,
2 12 24 24
x x x x

e = = = =
Bi 37:
a. iu kin : cos 0 x = ,
2
x n n
= + e
Phng trnh
2 2 2 2
(3tan 1)sin 1 cos 2 (3tan 1)sin 1 sin2
2
x x x x x x
| |
+ = + =
|
\ .

+Chia hai v cho
2
cos x ta c
2 2 2
4
3 2
3 3
3 3
(3tan 1)tan tan 1 2tan
3tan 2tan 1 0
(tan 1)(3tan 3tan 3tan 1) 0
tan 1
4 4
,
1 1
2tan (1 tan )
tan arctan
1 2 1 2
x x x x
x x
x x x x
x k x k
x
k
x x
x x k

+ = +
+ =
+ + =

= + = +

=
e
= = +

+ +

b. Pt cos9 2cos3 sin3 cos3 3sin x x x x x + + + =
3 3
cos9 3cos3 sin3 3sin
4cos 3 4sin cos3 cos
2
x x x x
x x x x
+ + =
| |
= =
|
\ .

8 2
,
4
k
x
k
x k

= +
= +

c. PT
| | (sin cos ). 2 2(sin cos ) sin .cos 0 x x x x x x + + + =
sin cos 0
2 2(sin cos ) sin .cos 0
x x
x x x x
=

+ + + =

+Vi sin cos 0 ,
4
x x x k k
= = + e
+Vi 2 2(sin cos ) sin .cos 0 x x x x + + + = , t sin cos , 2; 2 t x x t
(
= + e

Ta c phng trnh :
2
4 3 0 1 t t t + + = = hoc 3 t = (loi)
Vi
2
1 ,
2
2
x m
t m
x m

= +
= e
= +

Vy nghim ca phng trnh l :
4
2 , ,
2
2
x k
x m k m
x m
= +
= + e
= +

d. Pt
4 4
1
cos 3 sin 3
4 4 2
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

2 2 2
1 1 1
1 2cos 3 sin 3 1 sin 6
4 4 2 2 2 2
x x x
| | | | | |
= =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

2 2
cos 6 1 sin 6 0 ,
6
k
x x x k
= = = e
Bi 38:
a.
3 3 3 3
sin cos sin2 2sin sin cos sin2 (sin cos )
4
x x x x x x x x x
| |
+ = + + + = + +
|
\ .

(sin cos )(1 sin .cos ) (sin cos ) 2sin .cos
sin .cos (sin cos ) 2sin .cos sin .cos (sin cos 2) 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x
+ + =
+ = + + =

sin 0
cos 0
2
sin cos 2 0 (1)
x x k
x x k
x x

= =
= = +
+ + =

PT (1) 2sin 2 sin 2
4 4
x x
| | | |
+ = + =
| |
\ . \ .
PT v nghim.
Vy phng trnh c nghim l : ,
2
x k k
= e
b. PT (sin os )(sin 3 os 2) 0 x c x x c x + =

sin cos 0 (1)
sin 3cos 2 (2)
x x
x x
=

+ =

(1) tan 1 ;
4
x x k k
= = + e

(2) sin 1 2 ;
3 6
x x k k

| |
+ = = + e
|
\ .

c. Phng trnh

2
4cos5 cos 2sin cos 2 3cos x x x x x = +

cos 0
2cos5 sin 3cos
x
x x x
=

= +

cos 0
cos5 cos
6
x
x x

=
| |
=
|
\ .
2
,
24 2
36 3
x k
k
x k
k
x
= +
= + e
= +

d. iu kin:
sin 1
2
cos 0 , 2
2
2
tan 1
2
x
x k x
k
x k
x
=

= +

= e

= +
(*)
Phng trnh

2
sin cos sin
cos2 .cos 2 2
cos sin
cos sin
2 2
2 2
x x
x
x x
x x
x x
| |
+
|
\ .
=
| |
| |

|
|
\ .
\ .

cos2 .cos sin cos sin cos sin
2 2 2 2
cos2 .cos sin .cos cos (cos2 sin ) 0
x x x x
x x x
x x x x x x x
| || |
= +
| |
\ .\ .
= =

2
cos (2sin sin 1) 0 x x x + =

2
cos 0
sin 1 2 ,
6
1
5 sin
2
2
6
x k
x
x x k k
x
x k
= +

= = + e

=

= +

Kt hp vi iu kin th phng trnh cho c nghim l
2
,
6 3
x k k

= + e

| |
1 3
38
2
0;38 0 38 {0;1;2...;17} 4 2 6
6 3
k
x k k
k

| |
s s
|
e s + s e
\ .

Cc nghim ca phng trnh trn | | 0;38 lp thnh mt cp s cng vi
1
6
u

= v cng sai
2
3
d

=
gm 18 s hang c tng l
18 1
18 2
(2 17 ) 9 17. 105
2 3 3
S u d

| |
= + = + =
|
\ .

Bi 39:
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: 2sin 4cos 3 cos2 x x x = +
3(sin cos ) (cos sin ) 3 (sin cos )(cos sin )
(sin cos 1)(sin cos 3) 0
x x x x x x x x
x x x x
+ = +
+ + =

sin cos 1 x x = hoc sin cos 3 x x + = (v nghim)
2
2 1
4 4
sin , 2
4
2
2 2
4 4
x k
x k
x k
x k x k

= +
= +
| |

= e
|

\ .

= + = +

Kt hp iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l: 2 , x k k = + e
b. iu kin : x = kt
Phng trnh tng ng: 3cosx
2
cos
2
sin
x
x
| |
|
\ .
=2(cosx - 2sin
2
x)
(cosx - 2sin
2
x)(3cosx 2sin
2
x) =0
2
2
2cos cos 2 0
2cos 3cos 2 0
x x
x x
+ =
+ =

2 1
cos ;cos
2 2
x x = = hoc cos 2 x = (loi) hoc cos 2 x = (loi)
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l 2 ; 2 ,
4 3
x k x k k

= + = + e
c. iu kin: 2
3
x k
= +
2
1 2.cos 2 5( 3sin cos ) 5 0
3
4.sin 10sin 4 0
6 6
x x x
x x

| |
+ + + + =
|
\ .
| | | |
+ + + + =
| |
\ . \ .

2 1
sin 3
6 2
2
x k
x
x k
= +
| |

+ =
|

\ .
= +
hoc sin 2
6
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
(loi)
i chiu vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l 2 , x k k = + e
d. t:
2 6
x
t

= . Phng trnh tr thnh:
cos cos2 cos3 cos4 0
3 7
2cos .cos 2cos .cos 0
2 2 2 2
t t t t
t t t t
+ + + =
+ =

3 7 5
cos cos cos 0 4cos .cos .cos 0
2 2 2 2 2
t t t t t
t
| |
+ = =
|
\ .

7
4
2 cos 0
3
2
4
cos 0 2
2 3
5
2 11 4 cos 0
2
5 5 15 5
t k t
t k
t t k t k
t
k k
t t
= +

= + =
= = + = +
=

= + = +

Vy phng trnh c 3 h nghim:
7
4
3
x k
= + ,
4
2
3
x k
= + ,
11 4
,
15 5
k
x k

= + e
Bi 40:
a. Vi iu kin: sin2 3cos2 0 tan2 3 ,
6 2
x x x x k k

= = = + e, ta c
( )
( )
2
2
2
2 1 sin2 cos4 3sin4
2 2sin
4
sin2 3cos2
1 3 1 3
sin cos cos4 sin4 2 2sin sin2 cos2
2 2 4 2 2
2sin cos 4 2 2sin cos 2
4 3 4 6
2sin
4
x x x
x
x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x
x
+ +
| |
= +
|
\ .
| | | |
| |
+ + = +
| |
|
| |
\ .
\ . \ .
| | | | | | | |
+ + + = + +
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
| |
+
\ .
2
2cos 2 1 2 2sin cos 2 0
6 4 6
x x x
| | | | | |
+ + + + + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ .

2
2
2sin cos 2 sin 2
4 6 6
2sin cos 2 sin 2
4 6 6
2sin cos 2 sin 2
4 6 6
x x x
x x x
x x x

( | | | | | |
+ + + = +
| | | (
\ . \ . \ .
| | | | | |
+ + + = +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
| | | | | |
+ + + = +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

2sin 2sin 2
4 6 4
2sin 2sin 2
4 6 4
x x
x x

| | | |
+ = +
| |
\ . \ .
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

2 2 2
4 6 4 3
5 2
2 2
4 6 4 18 3
,
2 2
2 2
4 6 4 9 3
7
2 2 2
4 6 4 6
x x k x k
x x k x k
k
x x k x k
x x k x k

+ = + + =

+ = + + = +

e

+ = + = +

+ = + + + + =

b. cos .cos2 .cos3 sin .sin2 .sin3 1 x x x x x x + =
cos2 (cos4 cos2 ) 2sin .sin2 .sin3 2 x x x x x x + + =
( )
2
3 2 2
cos2 (2cos 2 cos2 1) 2 2sin .2sin .cos .sin3 0
2cos 2 cos 2 cos2 2 2sin .2cos .sin3 0
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
+ + =
+ + =

2
2
(cos2 1)(2cos 2 3cos2 2) (cos2 1)(sin4 sin2 ) 0
(cos2 1)(2cos 2 3cos2 2 sin4 sin2 ) 0
x x x x x x
x x x x x
+ + + =
+ + =

2
2
(cos2 1)(4cos 2 6cos2 4 2sin4 2sin2 ) 0
(cos2 1) (2cos2 1) 2cos2 2 2sin2 cos2 2sin2 1 sin4 ) 0
x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + =
( + + + + =

2
(cos2 1) (2cos2 1) 2(cos2 1)(1 sin2 ) 1 sin4 ) 0
cos2 1 ,
x x x x x
x x k k
( + + + + =

= = e

c. PT 2cos2 cos 1 sin2 cos2 x x x x = + +
2
2cos2 cos sin2 2cos 2cos (cos2 sin cos ) 0 x x x x x x x x = + =
2cos (cos sin )(cos sin 1) 0
cos cos 2cos 1 0
4 4
x x x x x
x x x

+ =
( | | | |
+ =
| | (
\ . \ .

2
cos 0
3
cos 0 ( , , ) 4
4
2
1
cos
2
4
2
2
x k
x
x m
x k l m
x l
x
x l
= +

= +
| |
= e
|
\ .
| |

+ =
|
= +
\ .

d. PT
| | 3sin2 2 1 cos(2 ) 10sin 3cos 4 x x x x + + + = +

3sin2 2cos2 10sin 3cos 6 x x x x = +

2
3cos (2sin 1) 4sin 10sin 4 x x x x = +

(2sin 1)(3cos 2sin 4) 0 x x x + =
2sin 1 0
3cos 2sin 4 0
x
x x
=

+ =

* Vi
2
1
6
2sin 1 0 sin ,
5 2
2
6
x k
x x k
x k
= +
= = e
= +

* do
2 3 2
2 3 13 16 4 + = < = nn phng trnh 3cos 2sin 4 0 x x + = v nghim
Bi 41:
a. iu kin:
8 4
4 2
x k
x k

= +
= +

(1)
4 4
4
sin 2 cos 2
1
cos 4
x x
x
+
=
4 4 4 4 2
2
sin 2 cos 2 cos 4 2sin 4 3sin 4 0
sin 4 0
sin4 0 4
3
4 sin4
2
x x x x x
x
x x k x k
x
+ = =
=
= = =

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c:
2
x k

= , ke
b. [1;2010] 1 2010 1 1279
2
x k k
e s s s s , v ke.
Suy ra, tng cc nghim ca (1) trn [1; 2010] l
1279.1280
(1 2 ... 1279) . 409280
2 2 2

+ + + = =
Bi 42:
a. Phng trnh
6 4
1 cos 1 3cos
5 5
x x
+ + = .
t
2
5
x
t = khi phng trnh cho tng ng vi 2 cos3 3cos2 t t + =
2
(cos 1)(4cos 2cos 5) 0 t t t =
+Vi
2
cos 1 2 5 ,
5
x
t t k x k k = = = = e
+Vi
2
1 21
4cos 2cos 5 0 cos
4
t t t

= = hoc
1 21
cos
4
t

= (loi)
1 21
arccos 2 ,
4
t k k
= + + e
5 1 21
arccos 5 ,
2 4
x k k
= + + e
b. Phng trnh
2
2
2 2
sin 3 1
sin sin 3 (1 sin 3 ) 0
2 4
x
x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

2
2
sin 3
sin
2
sin 6 0
x
x
x

sin 0
2 ,
1
6 sin
2
5
2
6
x k
x
x k k
x
x k
=
=

= + e

=

= +

c. t
4
3sin cos (1)
tan cot
x x
x x
=
+

iu kin: sin2 0 ; (*)
2
x x k k
= = e
Khi phng trnh (1)

3 1
sin cos sin2
2 2
x x x =

sin sin2
6
x x
| |
=
|
\ .
2
6
;
7
2
18
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

i chiu vi iu kin (*) ta c nghim phng trnh l:
7
2 ; 2 ,
6 18
x k x k k

= + = + e
d. Do sin cos
6 3
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
nn phng trnh cho tr thnh:
3sin cos 2sin 5 0
3 3 6
x x x
| | | | | |
+ + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

2 sin cos cos sin 2sin 5 0
3 6 3 6 6
x x x
( | | | | | |
+ + + =
| | | (
\ . \ . \ .

sin sin 5 0
2 6
x x
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .
2sin 3 cos 2 0
6 3
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

sin 3 0
6

cos 2 0
3
x
x
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
+ =
|
\ .

18 3
, ,
12 2
k
x
k l
l
x

= +
= +

Bi 43:
a. t
sin3 4cos 3
6
0
sin3 1
x x
x
| |

|
\ .
=
(1)
iu kin:
3
sin3 1 0 4sin 3sin 1 0 x x x = + =
( ) ( )
2
1
sin
2sin 1 sin 1 0 2
sin 1
x
x x
x
+ =

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
1 sin3 2 3cos 2sin 3 0 4sin sin 2 3cos 3 0
3
sin 4sin 1 2 3 cos 0
2
3
cos
4
sin 4sin 1 2 3 0
3
cos
2
4cos 3
sin 4sin 1 3 0
2cos 3
2sin cos 3sin 3
4sin 1 0
2cos 3
1
sin
2
2sin cos 3
x x x x x x
x x x
x
x x
x
x
x x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x x
= + + =
| |
+ + =
|
|
\ .
+ =
+ =
1
sin
2
sin 3 0 sin2 3 3sin
x
x x x

=

= =

TH 1: Vi
2
1
6
sin ,
7 2
2
6
x k
x k
x k

= +
= e
= +

TH 2: Vi
2 2
sin2 3 3sin sin 2 2 3sin2 3 3sin x x x x x = + =
2 2 2
2
4sin cos 4 3sin cos 3cos 0
4sin cos 4 3sin 3cos 0
x x x x x
x x x x
+ =
+ =

Chia hai v cho
3
os c x ta c
( ) ( )
2 2 2
4tan 4 3tan 1 tan 3 1 tan 0 x x x x + + + =
3 2
4 3tan 7tan 4 3tan 3 0
1
sin
1 2
tan
3 3
cos
2
x x x
x
x
x
+ + =

=
(ri vo TH 1)
7
2 ; 2 ,
6 6
x k x k k

= + = + e
b. Phng trnh
2 2
4sin sin 3 6 2sin3 x x x = +
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2
2
4(1 sin sin 3 ) 2(1 sin3 ) 0
4 sin (1 sin 3 ) cos 2(1 sin3 ) 0
4(sin cos 3 cos ) 2(1 sin3 ) 0
sin3 1
sin3 1
sin cos 3 0 2 ,
2 cos 0
cos 0
x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x
x
x x x k k
x
x

+ + =
( + + + =

+ + + =
=
=
= = + e

=

=

c. 3 1 tan (sin 2cos ) 2(sin 3cos ) x x x x x + + = +
3 1 tan (tan 2) 2(tan 3) x x x + + = +
t tan t x =
Ta c phng trnh
2 2
3 1( 2) 2( 3) 9( 1)( 4 4) 4( 6 9) t t t t t t t t + + = + + + + = + +
3 2 2
9 41 48 0 (9 41 48) 0 0 t t t t t t t + + = + + = =
(v 9t
2
+41t +48 =0 v nghim) sin 0 x x k = =
d.
2012 2012 2014 2014
3
2
x x x x x + = + +
2012 2 2012 2
2012 2012
12 12
3
cos (2cos 1) sin (1 2sin ) cos2 0
2
cos2 0 (1)
cos2 0
3
cos sin 0(2)
2
3
cos sin
2
x x x x
x
x
x x
x
x x
+ =
=
=
+ =
| |

+
|

\ .

+Vi cos2 0
4 2
, x x k k

= = + e
+Vi
2012 2012
3
cos sin 0
2
x x + =
Ta nhn thy
2012
2012 2012
2012
cos 0,
3
cos sin 0,
3
2 sin 0,
2
x x
x x x
x x
> e
+ > e
> e

Vy phng trnh (2) v nghim
Phng trnh c nghim l: ,
4 2
x k k

= + e
Bi 44:
a. iu kin: sin2 0 x =
Phng trnh
cos2 cos sin2 sin sin cos
sin cos cos sin
x x x x x x
x x x x
+
=
( )
2 2
cos 2
sin cos
sin cos sin cos
x x
x x
x x x x

=
2
cos cos2 2cos cos 1 0 x x x x = + =
1
cos
2
x = hoccos 1 x = (loi v sin 0 x = )
2 ,
3
x k k
= + e
b. PT
( ) ( )
2 2
cos sin sin cos sin 0 x x x x x =
( ) ( ) cos sin cos sin sin 1 0 x x x x x + = (

( )
2
cos sin cos 0 x x x =
cos sin 0
cos 0
x x
x
=
.
4
,
2
x k
k
x k
= +
= +
.
Phng trnh c hai h nghim l , ,
4 2
x k x k k

= + = + e.
c. Ta c
( ) ( )
2
2
5 2 2
1 cos2
16sin 16sin sin 16sin 4sin cos 2 2cos2 1
2
x
x x x x x x x
| |
= = = +
|
\ .

=
1 cos4
4sin 8sin cos2 4sin . sin5 5sin3 10sin
2
x
x x x x x x x
+
+ = + .
PT
5 2
2
4
sin5 0
3 2
5 2
4
x k
x
x k
= +
= +

2
20 5
,
3 2
20 5
k
x
k
k
x

= +
= +
.
2 3 2
, ,
20 5 20 5
k k
x x k

= + = + e.
d. Ta c
2
4 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
1 cos cos cos 1 1 cos
16 2 4 4
x x x x
| |
+ = =
|
\ .

2
4 2 2 2
25 5 5 5
cos cos cos cos
16 2 4 4
x x x x
| |
+ = =
|
\ .

Phng trnh
4 2
1 1
1 cos cos
16 2
x x + +
4 2
25 5
cos cos
16 2
x x + =1
2
1
1 cos
4
x +
2
5
cos
4
x =1
2
cos 1 x = cos 1 x = x k = , k e
Bi 45:
a. iu kin:
2
k
x

=
PT
2 2
20
(tan cot ) 1 cot 2
3
x x x + + + =
2
5 20
3 sin 2x
=
2
3 1
sin 2 cos4 ,
4 2 6 2
k
x x x k

= = = + e
b. PT
2
1 3
4 sin2 cos2 5 cos 2
2 2 6
x x x

| |
| |
+ = +
|
|
|
\ .
\ .

VT 4, 4 VP s > nn phng trnh
cos 2 0
3
cos 2 1
6
x
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
7
12 2
,
7 12
12
k
x
x h h
x h

= +
= + e
= +

c. ( ) sin2012 os2012 4 sin503 os503 1 x c x x c x = (1)
t 503 t x = phng trnh (1) tr thnh:
( ) sin4 cos4 4 sin cos 1 t t t t =
( ) ( ) sin4 1 cos4 4 sin cos 0 t t t t + =
( )
2
2sin2.cos2 2cos 2 4 sin cos 0 t t t t t =
( ) ( ) cos 2. sin2 cos2 2 sin cos 0 t t t t t =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
cos sin . sin2 cos2 2 sin cos 0 t t t t t t =
( ) ( )( ) cos sin . sin2 cos2 sin cos 2 0 t t t t t t + + = (

( )( )
cos sin 0(2)
sin2 cos2 sin cos 2 0(3)
t t
t t t t
=

+ + =
Gii (2):
cos sin 0 tan 1 t t t = = (v
2 2
sin cos 1 t t + = )
503 ,
4 4 2012 503
t k x k x k k

= + = + = + e
Gii (3):
( )( ) sin2 cos2 sin cos 2 0 t t t t + + = cos 2 .cos 1 0
4 4
t t
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

cos3 cos 2 0 cos3 sin 2 0
2
t t t t
| |
+ + + = + =
|
\ .

Ta c:
cos3 1
cos3 sin 2 0
sin 1
t
t t
t
>
+ >
>

Do cos3 sin 2 0 t t + =
3
cos3 1 4cos 3cos 1
sin 1 cos 0
t t t
t t
= =

= =

(v nghim)
Vy phng trnh ( ) sin2012 cos2012 4 sin503 cos503 1 x x x x = c nghim
,
2012 503
x k k

= + e
d. PT
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
cos2 2sin2 .cos sin2 2sin sin2 2 2cos 2
2cos 1 sin2 2cos 1 2sin 2cos 1 2 2cos 1
2cos 1 2cos 1 2cos 1 sin2 2sin 2
1
cos 1
2
2 sin cos 2sin .cos 1 0 2
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x
x
x x x x
= + +
= +
(
+ = +

+ =

(1) 2 ,
4
x k k
= + e
(2) 2 ,
4 4
x k x k k

= + v = + e
Bi 47:
a. PT
2 2
2
2 2
sin2 0
sin sin 2
2
sin sin2
sin 2 sin 0
sin2 sin
x
x x
x x
x x
x x
=
+ =

| |
=
|
\ .

hay
2 2 2 2 2
sin2 0
sin2 0 sin2 0
1
cos sin sin 2 sin sin 2
4
x
x x
x x x x x
=
= =

= = =

2
3
,
2
2
3
x k
k
x k
= +
= +

b. Ta c
3 2
sin3 3sin 4sin (3 4sin )sin (1 2cos2 )sin , x x x x x x x = = = +
nn PT
2 2
[(1 2cos2 ) cos2 1]sin 0 x x x + + =
3 2 2
2 2
(4cos 2 4cos 2 cos2 1)sin 0
(1 cos2 )(1 4cos 2 )sin 0
x x x x
x x x
+ + + =
+ + =

sin 0
,
cos2 1 2
x
k
x k
x
=
= e

Bai Giang Cac Ki Thuat Giai PT Luong Giac

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Bai Giang Cac Ki Thuat Giai PT Luong Giac

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CC K THUT GII PHNG TRNH

ta khng nn h bc, m nn bin i da vo

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im

= = + e xem n c phi l nghim ca phng trnh (1) hay

= + e (V phng trnh sin2 cos2 2 x x + = v nghim)

= + e (V phng trnh sin2 cos2 2 x x + = v nghim)

= = + e. Khi phng trnh c dng

= th sin cos 2cos 2cos

= . Khi phng trnh c dng 2cos sin2 1 0

s 100 8 s (2k+1) t s 800 m k e nn k =1, 2, 3

m chng ta lin tng n vic a hai cung hai v cng

= v cung 2x cng biu din qua cung x chnh v th ta ngh n nhm cc

+ i xng nhau qua gc ta nn tng hp li ta c

= + . Cung 2 x k = + v 2 k i i xng nhau qua gc ta nn tng hp li ta c

= = t ta nh hng gii nh sau

= + e ta thy khng tha mn

(v sin2 sin cos x x x = hay sin2x bao hm sinx v

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + e th c biu din trn ng trn bi ba im cch u nhau to thnh 3

= + e > th c biu din trn ng trn bi n im cch u nhau

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im

= + tng ng trn ng trn l im M

+kt hay x =kt, ke

hoc cos 1 x = hoc cos 4 x = (loi)

hoc cos 0 x = (loi)

= = + e. Phng trnh tng ng vi

= = = + khng tho mn (2)

You might also like