BA TUYT CHIU GII PHNG TRNH-BT PHNG TRNH CHA CN THC

Rt gn+lu tha hai v pt+a thnh PT tch

1.
x + 1 + 4 x + 13 = 3x + 12
iu kin x 1
Pt ( x + 1)(4 x + 13) = x 1

x 1 0
x = 1
2
( x + 1)(4 x + 13) = ( x 1)

2. (H D 05) 2 x +2 +2 x +1 x +1 = 4
S: x=3
Bin trong cn thnh BP v b khi cn c:
3. x = x

2( x +1 +1) x +1 = 4

1
1
+ 1
x
x

K: x 1
Bnh phng hai v do khng m.di th!
Pt : x 1

1
=
x

1
1
1
x2 2 x2 x + 1 = x
x
x
x

(Do x 1 th hai v khng m )

( x 2 x 1) 2 = 0 x =

4.

(H A 04)

1+ 5
2

2( x 2 16)
x3

+ x3 >

7x
x3

S: x > 10 34
K, quy ng MS, c:

2( x 2 16) + x 3 > 7 x , y l bi c bn

5. (H A 05) 5 x 1 x 1 > 2 x 4
S: [2; 10], Bi hai cn, bnh phng hai ln
K: x 2 Bpt : 5 x 1 > 2 x 4 + 2 2 x 4 x 1 + x 1
x + 2 > (2 x 4)( x 1)

6.

x 2 3x + 2 + x 2 4 x + 3 = 2 x 2 5 x + 4

Bpt: ( x 1)( x 2) + ( x 1)( x 3) = 2 ( x 1)( x 4)

K: x 4; x 1
TH1: x 4 ; Pt: ( x 2) + ( x 3) = 2 ( x 4)
(Bnh phngdi th!)
V ( x 2) > ( x 4) , ( x 3) > ( x 4) ,
Nn Pt VN ( khn th!)
TH2: x < 1 : Pt (2 x) + (3 x) = 2 (4 x) VN
S: x=1
7. (D b D 06) x + 2 7 x = 2 x 1 + 2 x 2 + 8 x 7 + 1
S: x=4; x=5, a thnh tch, nh phn tch trong cn v nhm
K: 1 x 7
Pt: x 1 + 2 7 x 2 x 1 ( x 1)(7 x) = 0
x 1( x 1 2) 7 x ( x 1 2) = 0
( x 1 7 x ).( x 1 2) = 0

8.

(H A 10)

x x
1 2( x 2 x + 1)

3 5
2
K: x 0
MS lun dng v cn nh hn 1,
Bpt: 2( x 2 x + 1) x + x + 1
S: x =

n y dng BT BNC 1.(1 x) + 1. x (1 + 1)[(1 x) 2 + ( x ) 2 ]

hoc BP v nhm li
( x + x ) 2 2( x + x ) + 1 0
x + x 1 = 0
9. (H B 10) 3x + 1 6 x + 3 x 2 14 x 8 = 0
S: x=5
K: 1 / 3 x 6 ; D on nghim l 5, ta s to ra hai lin hp ng vi hai cn, sao cho c nhn t
x-5, ta lm nh sau: ( 3x + 1 4) + (1 6 x ) + (3x 2 14 x 5) = 0 sau khi nhn lin hp v ra PT tch c
mt nhn t lun dng trn D
3x 15
x5
+
+ ( x 5)(3x + 1) = 0
3x + 1 + 4 1 + 6 x
x 5 = 0

3
1

+
+ (3 x + 1) = 0 (VN )
3x + 1 + 4 1 + 6 x

Rt gn, phn tch ri t n ph

10. x 2 + x 2 3 x + 5 = 3 x + 7
Ta t

2
x 2 3 x + 5 = t (t 0) ta c t + t 12 = 0 , ta c x = 1 hoc x = 4

11. (H A 02)
x + 4 + x 4 = 2 x 12 + 2 x 2 16
S: x=5
K: 4 x
t x + 4 + x 4 = t 0 t 2 = 2 x + 2 x + 4 x 4 ,
ta c: t2-t-12=0 t = 3 (l ); t = 4
12. (H NT )

2 x2 + 2

1
1

= 4 x +
2
x
x

S: x=1
Chia TH xt. Bnh phng kt hp cc b nghch o bng cch t x +

1 / 2 x < 0; 0 < x 1 / 2
0< x2 3

0 < x 2 3; 2 + 3 x

Pt: 4 (t 2 2) + 2 5 2(t 2 2) = (4 t ) 2 , 2 t < 4

9 2t 2 = t 2 4t + 5
2
t 4 8t 3 + 28t 2 40t + 16 = 0 (t 2)[t (t 3) + 7t 8] = 0 t = 2 x = 1
13. 5 x 2 + 14 x + 9 x 2 x 20 = 5 x + 1
K: x 5 . 5 x2 + 14 x + 9 x2 x 20 = 5 x + 1 5 x2 + 14 x + 9 = 5 x + 1 + x2 x 20
Bnh phng.
2 ( x 2 4x 5) + 3 ( x + 4) = 5

(x

4x 5) ( x + 4)

1
=t
x

3
x2 4 x 5
2
, t 0. Ta c: 2t 5t + 3 = 0 t = 1, t = . Vy PT c nghim
2
x+4
5 + 61
x=
, x =8.
2

t t =

14. 3 2 x + x 1 > 1 : S: [1; 2], [10;+)

K: x 1
t 3 2 x = t , t 1 , x 1 = 1 t 3
t 1
3
Bpt: t + 1 t > 1 2
t (t + t 2) < 0
15. (4 x 1) x 2 + 1 = 2 x 2 + 2 x + 1
t

x 2 + 1 = t (t 0) ta c phng trnh

2t 2 (4 x 1)t + 2 x 1 = 0 t = 2 x 1; t=1/2
T , gii tm x ta c x=4/3
5 37
16. 2( x 2 + 2) = 5 x 3 + 1 S: x =
2
T nhn xt HT trong cn, v n bn ngoi cn ta t u= x + 1; v = x 2 x + 1 sau bin i hp l
thay vo PT.
2( x 2 x + 1 + x + 1) = 5 ( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1)
K: x 1
Pt: 2(u 2 + v 2 ) = 5uv 2u (u 2v) v(u 2v) = 0
(C th dng PT bc hai)
u = 2v; v = 2u
17. 4 57 x + 4 x + 40 = 5 S: x=-24; x=41
t n ph a v HPT i xng loi 1
K: 40 x 57
t: 4 57 x = u 0; 4 x + 40 = v 0
u + v = 5
Ta c: 4
2
u + v 4 = ( u + v ) 2 2uv 2u 2v 2 = 97

u + v = 5
2 2
2u v 100uv + 528 = 0 uv = 44(l ); uv = 6

18. x 3 + 1 = 2 3 2 x 1
t 3 2 x 1 = y 2 x 1 = y 3 2 x = y 3 + 1
Phng trnh tng ng vi h sau:
x 3 +1 = 2 y
1 5
3
c x = 1; x =
y
+
1
=
2
x

2
Dng hm s+nh gi hai v.
19. x 2 2 x + 3 x 2 6 x + 11 > 3 x x 1
S: ( 2; 3]
Xt hm s: f(t)=
K: 1 x 3

t+2+ t

( x 1) 2 + 2 + x 1 > (3 x) 2 + 2 + 3 x
Xt hm s: f(t)=
x-1>3-x hay x>2

t + 2 + t c f(t)>0

20. 4 x 1 + 4 x 2 1 = 1
K: x 1 / 2
2
4x
+
> 0x 1/ 2
VT=
4x 1 4x2 1
Nn x=1/2 l nghim duy nht
21. x 2 2 x + 5 + x 1 = 2
Nhn xt: VT = ( x 1) 2 + 4 + x 1 2 x
Suy ra VT = 2 x 1 = 0 x = 1
Phng trnh c nghim x = 1
22. x 3 + 15 x 2( x 2 7 x + 24) S: x=6
t: u = x 3; v = 15 x v bnh phng
K: x 15
u+v 2(u 2 + v 2 ) suy ra: (u-v)2 0 nn:
x 3 = 15 x hay x=6. Th li t/m