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p n thi ht mn hc k II Mn thi! Lo"ic hc #h$i "ian! %& ph't L(p )&* +,## -. /

Cu 1: 0 #a th12 bi34 th5c l"ic! 6a b7 c th4c phn on ph5c h8p ki34 k9o th:o nn n; ch< c; "i t=> "i ?@i khi phn on ch< n"42n nhAn c; "i t=> lo"ic chAn thBc CD phn on ch< kt E4 c; "i t=> lo"ic "i ?@iF #h:o G4 bDi. ?o bi34 th5c lo"ic t=n c; "i t=> chAn thBc H42 =a cc kh nIn" nh Ha4! c chAn thBc CD 6a b7 chAn thBc ! #h:o tJnh ch1t cKa ph9p h8p thL 6a b7 ch< c; "i t=> chAn thBc khi a CD b cMn" c; "i t=> chAn thBcF ,n cNp tho mOn lD a. b. c cMn" chAn thBcF c chAn thBc CD 6a b7"i ?@i! #h:o tJnh ch1t cKa ph9p h8p thL 6a b7c; "i t=> lo"ic "i ?@i khi mt t=on" "i t=> lo"ic cKa b CD c lD "i ?@i h8p t5c lD! -a chAn thBc CD b "i ?@iF -a "i ?@i CD b chAn thBcF -a "i ?@i CD b "i ?@iF +; P cNp "i t=> tho mOn!
c ch a ch b "? hoNc c ch a "? b ch hoNc c ch a "? b "?

c "i ?@i CD 6a b7 "i ?@i! #h:o tJnh ch1t cKa ph9p h8p thL 6a b7 c; "i t=> lo"ic "i ?@i khi mt t=on" "i t=> lo"ic cKa b CD c lD "i ?@i h8pF #n" tB nh t=n cQn" c; P t=$n" h8p! #5c lD c; P cNp "i t=> tho mOn Ha4!
c "? a ch b "? hoNc c "? a "? b ch hoNc c "? a "? b "?

#;m lRi. c; S cNp a. b. c phM h8p C(i i4 kiTn G4 bDiF U+h' V c; th3 lWp l4Wn ?Ba CDo bn" 3 H42 =a "i t=> lo"ic cKa cc bin H@ nh Ha4! a b c a b 6a b7 c a b c a b 6a b7 c
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c c ch ch +h ch ch "? ch "? h h c " ch "? +h ch "? "? "? ch h ? " c ch "? +h "? ch "? "? ch ? h " " ch "? +h "? "? "? "? ch ? ? Cu 2: LoRi hLnh I! Quy tc : -#in l(n phi lD phn on toDn th3F -#in nhX phi lD phn on khYn" >nhF Chng minh: -Zi H[ tin nhX lD phn on phK >nh thL tin l(n phi lD phn on khYn" >nh 6th:o E42 t\c M P ch4n" ]7F MNt khc th:o E42 t\c ch4n" * thL cA4 kt l4Wn cQn" lD phn on phK >nh nn ^ ch4 ?in _ kt S M l4WnF #=on" khi ; ^ _ tin l(n khn" ch4 ?inF `W2 S i4 "i H[ Hai t5c lD tin nhX phi lD phn on P khYn" >nhF -Zi H[ tin l(n lD phn on b phWn l'c ; th4Wt n"a "iaa M khn" ch4 ?in _ tin l(nF MNt khc th:o ch5n" minh t=n thL tin nhX ch< c; th3 lD phn on khYn" >nh. ?o M lD C> tb t=on" tin l(n nn M cQn" khn" ch4 ?in. nh th th4Wt n"a "iaa M khn" ch4 ?in _ c hai tin 6Ci phRm E42 t\c ch4n" /7F `W2 i4 "i H[ Hai. t5c lD tin l(n phi lD phn on toDn th3F Tm v chng minh cc hnh thc ng ca tam on lun loi ny: #h:o E42 t\c =in" th5 nh1t cKa tam oRn l4Wn I tin l(n phi lD phn on toDn th3 t5c lD c hoNc dF#hL! #h:o E42 t\c =in" th5 hai cKa tam oRn l4Wn I #in nhX phi lD phn on khYn" >nh t5c lD c hoNc IF ,h th ta c; th3 H42 =a cc t=$n" h8p nh Ha4! ,4 tin l(n lD phn on c thL tin nhX phi lD phn on c hoNc IF -#=$n" h8p tin nhX lD phn on c. CL c hai tin 4 lD phn on toDn th3 nn cA4 kt l4Wn cQn" phi lD phn on toDn th3 6E42 t\c S7. ?o ; cA4 kt l4Wn phi lD phn oneF ^hn" th5c 'n" lD cccF - #=$n" h8p tin nhX lD phn on I. CL mt t=on" / tin lD phn on b phWn nn cA4 kt l4Wn cQn" lD mt phn on b phWn 6E42 t\c S7. ?o ; cA4 kt l4Wn phi lD phn on IF ^hn" th5c 'n" lD cIIF
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,4 tin l(n lD phn on d thL tin nhX phi lD phn on c hoNc IF - #=$n" h8p tin nhX lD phn on c. CL mt t=on" / tin lD phn on phK >nh nn cA4 kt l4Wn cQn" phi lD phn on phK >nh 6E42 t\c *7 CD phn on toDn th3 6E42 t\c S7. ?o ; cA4 kt l4Wn phi lD phn on dF ^hn" th5c 'n" lD dcdF - #=$n" h8p tin nhX lD phn on I. CL mt t=on" / tin lD phn on b phWn nn cA4 kt l4Wn cQn" lD mt phn on b phWn 6E42 t\c S7 CD lD phn on phK >nh 6E42 t\c *7 . ?o ; cA4 kt l4Wn phi lD phn on fF ^hn" th5c 'n" lD dIfF Cu : +; mt mTnh 8c pht bi34 nh Ha4 ! gB_i CL H42 l4Wn nD2 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 ?o ; khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tipj !i lm: a7 MTnh t=n c; cch ?iin Rt gB_i CLFFFnnj nn th4c ki34 E4an hT k9o th:oF M4@n kc >nh k:m n; c; chAn thBc ha2 khn" k9t tbn" phn on nF -^hn on n gh42 l4Wn nD2 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7j c; "i t=> lo"ic chAn thBcF -^hn on n gh42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tipj c; "i t=> lo"ic chAn thBcF )o ; t t_n" cKa mTnh t=n lD c; "i t=> chAn thBcF "#$c %nh &h'ng thc v loi hnh: A2 lD tam oRn l4Wn O b> t<nh l8cF M4@n kc >nh phn" th5c CD loRi hLnh cKa n; ta lGn l8t i kc >nh cc tin l(n. tin nhX CD cA4 kt l4WnF -)o phn on gh42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tipj 5n" Ha4 tb gnnj nn n; lD cA4 kt l4Wn. cln lRi lD cA4 tin F -MNt khc. ?o chK tb t=on" cA4 kt l4Wn lD chK tb t=on" cA4 tin nn tin t=n lD tin nhXF i4 nD2 ch5n" tX tam oRn l4Wn b> l8c bX tin l(nF -+c khi niTm c; t=on" tam oRn l4Wn lD! gh42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7j 6M h7 CD g^h9p H42 ?iin t=Bc tipj6^7 -#in nhX lD phn on ch^ CD cA4 kt l4Wn lD phn on dh^ nn tin l(n phi lD phn on dh^ 6th:o E42 t\c ch4n" * CD S7F ,h CW2 tin l(n lD !
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gh42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tipj6-7 moNc gh42 ?iin t=Bc tip khn" phi lD H42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7j6/7 U,4 tin l(n lD 6-7 ta c; tam oRn l4An I C(i phn" th5c 'n" lD dcd! ,n ta c; tam oRn l4Wn G2 K lD S M h42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P S th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tip6M-^7 P h42 l4Wn nD2 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^76h-M7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------h42 l4Wn nD2 khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tip6h-^7F
P M U,4 tin l(n lD 6/7 ta c; tam oRn l4Wn loRi I` C(i phn" th5c 'n" lD cdd! S M h42 ?iin t=Bc tip khn" phi lD H42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp S t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^6^-M7 P h42 l4Wn nD2 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^76h-M7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------h42 l4Wn nD2 khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tip6h-^7F nc >nh m@i E4an hT ton" E4t ton" E4t cKa cc khi niTm E4a H p `:n! M P M P

+c ph9p H42 l4Wn t=Bc tip @i C(i cA4 kt l4Wn! +A4 kt l4Wn gh42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 khn" th3 lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tipj lD phn on ?Rn" dh^ nn ta c;! Udh^d^h 6E42 t\c oi chq7 ! gh42 ?iin t=Bc tip khn" phi lD H42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7jF Udh^chS^ 6E42 t\c oi ch1t7 ! gh42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 th4c H42 l4Wn "in tipj Udh^SIh^ 6hLnh C4n" lo"ic7 ! gLDm "L c; ch42Tn mt H@ H42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7 lRi lD H42 ?iin t=Bc tipj
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U dh^IS^h 6E42 t\c oi ch1t kt h8p C(i oi chq7 gMt H@ ph9p H42 l4Wn "in tip lD H42 l4Wn 8c thit lWp t=n c H_ m@i E4an hT "iaa P th4Wt n"a 6h.M.^7j (#)* +,ng -hi ni.m lm thut ng/ l0n: 12h3& 4uy (i5n gin ti6&7 h42 ?iin t=Bc tip ^h9p H42 l4Wn #hao tc lo"ic cKa t ?42 8#2hn chia -hi ni.m lm thut ng/ l0n: 12h3& 4uy (i5n t+9c ti6&7 : -^h9p H42 ?iin t=Bc tip tb ti, lD phn on nF -^h9p H42 ?iin t=Bc tip tb tin lD phn on ph5c h8pF Cu :: +ho hai khi niTm lD ghj CD g^jF +; th3 kA2 ?Bn" 8c cc phn on nh Ha4! ch^ gMi h lD ^j c^h gMi ^ lD hj dh^ gMi h khn" lD ^j d^h gMi ^ khn" lD hj Ih^ gMt H@ h lD ^j I^h gMt H@ ^ lD hj fh^ gMt H@ h khn" lD ^j f^h gMt H@ ^ khn" lD hj #h:o G4 bDi. gMi h lD ^j c; "i t=> lo"ic "i ?@i ha2 ch^ "i ?@i tb ; H42 =a! ch^ "i ?@i nn fh^ chAn thBc6hLnh C4n" lo"ic-E4an hT mA4 th4rn7 +ln lRi cc phn on dh^ .Ih^ . c^h . d^h . I^h CD f^h c; "i t=> lo"ic khn" kc >nh CL khn" c; c H_ 3 H42 l4WnF