CHNG MINH NH L TH RT GN

Nh ta bit, phc tp v thi gian ca mt thut ton c tnh da vo tng s php ton c bn
c thc hin bi thut ton . Ta xt mt lp cc thut ton quy n gin, c cng thc ca s
php ton c bn (hay phc tp v thi gian) c cho di dng quy np:

=
> +
|
.
|

\
|

=
. 1 ,
1 ,
) (
n const
n cn
b
n
T a
n T
k

trong , T(n) l thi gian gii bi ton kch thc n.
Sch gio trnh ca thy Ngha a ra nh l th rt gn gii quyt lp bi ton trn. Sau y l
cch chng minh nh l ny.
- Trc ht ta nhn thy iu kin dng ca vic gi quy l
n x
b
n
b x
log 1 ~ s

Tc l s c
n
b
log
cp quy c gi.
- S bi ton con cp quy th i l
i
a
. Mi bi ton ny s phi thc hin mt s php ton l:
k
i
b
n
c
|
.
|

\
|
. Suy ra tng s php ton c thc hin cp quy ny l
i
k
k
b
a
cn
|
.
|

\
|

- Tng s php ton c thc hin l:

= =
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
n
i
n
i
i
k
k
i
k
k
b b
b
a
cn
b
a
cn
log
0
log
0

rng
) ( ) ... (
1
1
3
3
2
2 1
k k
k
k
k
n n c n c n c n c n c u u = + + + + +

. Ta d dng chng minh c:

+ Trng hp 1:
1 < <
k
k
b
a
b a
. Suy ra phc tp l
) (
k
n u
.
+ Trng hp 2:
1 = =
k
k
b
a
b a
. Suy ra phc tp l
) log ( n n
b
k
u
.
+ Trng hp 3:
1 > >
k
k
b
a
b a
. Suy ra phc tp l
) ( ) (
log log a n
b b
n a u u =
.