Thiet Ke Khuon Voi Solidwork

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Chng 1. Gii thiu sn phm nha

1.1. vt liu nhit do. nh ngha : Vt liu nhit do l cht do c th nung nng cho mm ra nhiu ln sau khi ngui . N c th c phun khun, c nghin vn li v lp li qu trnh . Tt nhin l vt liu cht do s b mt phm cht khi qu trnh lp li nhiu ln v s mt i cc tnh cht mong i Vt liu ch to chi tit hp c tn thng mi l PolyPropylen (PP). N c kt cu ho hc nh sau:
nCH 2 CH CH 2 CH n
Vt liu nhit do ny thng cng v bn dai v c tnh nhng thng khng trong sut do cu trc tinh th gy cn tr cho s truyn qua ca nh sng. Vt liu ny thng c s dng trong cng nghip lm gia dng. S pht trin ca tinh th PolyPropylen ng vai tr quan trng trong s thay i cc tnh cht ca chng. Do cu trc ca PolyPropylen c trt t v i xng m n lm cho lc gia cc chui xch c th pht trin v v vy tinh th ln ln chim ch. Mc khng trong sut ph thuc mt phn vo tc lm ngui trong qu trnh gia cng ngui nhanh c khuynh hng lm ng bng , ngn cn chuyn ng ca chui v ngn cn s pht trin ca tinh th. Tnh cht ca PolyPropylen c th b thay i bi s sa i trng lng phn t v s chia nhnh chui . S
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thay i nh th s c hiu qu khng ch i vi cc tnh cht c hc m thay i c s in y vt liu trong khun. Du hiu nhn bit nha PP : Du Mm Nha ra la Bt Mu la tip khc Mm Vng,xanh PP C D l y Mt s tnh cht khc : Nhit Nhit cui khun < piston0Ca
Chy Khi Mi hiu
Du C t nng cao nhit
Nhit ph hu (ra nt) 0C 1,0 280 2,5 1,15 co ngt % Mt g/cm3
vt 0C 10 - 80 220 235
Chiu dy thnh sn phm ca PP : Chiu dy Min (mm) 0,63 Chiu dy trung bnh (mm) 2,0 Chiu dy Max (mm) 7,6
c tnh co ca sn phm : khi c tnh co ca sn phm, gi tr co c dng l gi tr o trung bnh ca vt liu nha lm ra sn phm. T bn v sn phm m trong vt liu phun khun l PP , gi tr co l (1,0 2,5)%. Do ly gi tr trung bnh ca co l : 1,7%
ngha l tt c cc kch thc ca lng khun v li khun phi c nhn ln 1,017 . 1.2.Quy trnh cng ngh ch to hp nha. Nguyn cng 1: Chun b vt liu. Bc 1: Chuyn vt liu dng khi, tm sang dng ht. - S dng my nghin nhm nghin nh vt liu. Ht cng nh th kh nng phn b cng u hn. Bc 2: Trn u vt liu. - S dng my khuy , my trn trc vt to ra s chuyn ng tng i gia cc ht trong vt liu nhm pha trn u. Bc 3: Lm do v nhuyn ho vt liu. Vt liu c trn u v sy kh bc gia cng trc c lm nng chy, sau n c lm nhuyn v to th thng nht. Bc 4: To ht cho vt liu. Vt liu c to thnh bng 2 phng php: To ht nng v ngui . - To ht nng c lp thm u n nhiu l. Vt liu qua u n c ct thnh nhng kch thc nht nh qua khoang cha lm ngui v c lm ngui bng nc hoc khng kh. - To ht ngui bng nc th cn c em sy kh trc khi ng gi. Nguyn cng 2: Qu trnh c phun nha. Vt liu cht do c cho vo phu nh lng v cp liu trn xilanh ca my i vo rnh trc vt
trong xilanh. Do chuyn ng quay ca trc vt lm cho vt liu c vn chuyn ln pha vi phun. Trong sut qu trnh , vt liu c cp nhit t thnh xilanh do cc nhn t cung cp nh hi nng, in tr Nguyn cng 3: Qu trnh c phun gi p sut p nha v lm mt. Lng vt liu cn thit in y khoang to hnh ca khun c tp trung khoang trng trc trc vt. Trong qu trnh in y khun, trc vt thc hin chuyn ng dc trc v pha trc, p lc tng y khi vt liu nng chy qua vi phun vo khun. Giai on tng p ngay khi vt liu in vo khun. Trong giai on ny di p lc t ngoi mt lng nh vt liu c thm vo lng khun v p lc tng theo chiu dc khun. Khi vt liu ngui gy ra hin tng co ngt v p lc khun gim xung. p lc cc im khc nhau dc theo khun khng ng u p lc trong khun. giai on ny ph thuc vo p lc do piston c phun truyn cho v ph thuc vo kt cu ca my. Kt cu ca my c phun c nh hng n c trng thay i p lc trong khun. c trng thay i p lc dc theo khun ph thuc vo dy khoang nh hnh ca khun. B dy cng tng th cng d truyn lc. Tc lm ngui cng ln, nht ca vt liu cng tng, gim truyn p lc.
c trng truyn p lc vt liu ph thuc nhiu vo nhit vt liu. Nhit v chy ca vt liu tng to thun li cho vic truyn p lc, khi nhit gim lm cho vic truyn p lc gp kh khn. Nguyn cng 4: Qu trnh sau khi lm mt v m khun. Trong giai on ny p lc trong khun nh hn so vi giai on tng p. Thay i p lc trong giai on ny c quyt nh bi tc lm ngui. Tc lm ngui sn phm quyt nh i lng ng sut d xut hin trong qu trnh chy, ng thi nh hng n s hnh thnh ng sut mi. Nguyn cng 5: Qu trnh kh bavia v lm sch sn phm. Khi sn phm c a ra khi khun th qu trnh ct bavia v lm sch sn phm c thc hin. Tip l qu trnh kim tra cc khuyt tt nh r, co, nt . 1.3. my phun nha hc-250. Chu k trong my p phun. Qu trnh p phun c thc hin nh hnh v sau :
Hnh 2. S my p phun nm ngang. 1. Khun mu 2. ng phun 5. Bung cha 6. B phn gia nhit
3. C cu ng kn 7. Phu cp nhin liu 4. Vt 8. Hp tc
* Pha 1: Cht do lng c p vo khun ng kn cn phi c tc dng vo khun mt lc ln (lc kp khun) khng cho cht do lng chy ra t khe ca khun. Cht do lng i t cm ho do vo mt my xon vt vi mt trc xon c th x dch hng trc m n hot ng nh mt ci pittng c p vo lng khun. Cm ho do phi lin kt cht ch vi khun qua cht do khng b mt mt.
* Pha 2: Thi gian dng vi p lc ui theo. Trn c s s phn cch v nhit gia khun v cm ho do c hai u c mc nhit khc nhau, lin kt ny ch c duy tr mt lc cho n
khi cht do lng khng c kh nng chy na. Sau khi in y khun cht do bt u ng cng li v khi th tch ca n co li i cht. Lc ny my tip tc duy tr mt p lc bng cch p tip v in y tip b sung th tch cho cho n khi sn phm ng cng xong.
* Pha 3: y sn phm ra ngoi.
V qu trnh ho do cn mt thi gian nht nh, trc xon bt u p vt liu qua s quay ca n, to ra tng liu lng lm chy n ra v xp t n trc khi phun. Trc xon to ra khng gian trng bng cch n trt li li dc theo trong xy lamh phun, chng li p lc . Khi vt c phun ng c li, cm ho do ri khi khun, nh cht do lng vi phun khng b ng c li. Cm ng khun s tip tc ng cho n khi sn phm ng c n mc c th c tng ra ngoi.
chng 2. Thit k khun nha

2.1.gii thiu chung v khun. * Khun l dng c nh hnh mt sn phm nha. N c thit k sao cho c th s dng cho mt s lng chu trnh yu cu.
Kch thc v kt cu ca khun ph thuc vo hnh dng v kt cu ca sn phm. S lng ca sn phm cng l mt yu t quan trng xem xt, bi v s lng sn phm khng ln s khng cn n khun c nhiu lng khun hoc khun c kt cu phc tp. Nhng yu t trn c nh hng rt ln n vic thit k v ch to khun cng nh n gi thnh ca sn phm. *Khun l mt cm gm nhiu chi tit lp ghp li vi nhau, nha c phun vo, c lm ngui, ri c y ra. Sn phm c hnh thnh gia 2 phn ca khun . Khong trng gia 2 phn c in y bng nha v n s mang hnh dng ca sn phm. Mt phn l phn lm vo s xc nh hnh dng bn ngoi ca sn phm c gi l lng khun , phn xc nh hnh dng bn trong ca sn phm c gi l li khun. Phn tip xc gia lng khun v li khun c gi l mt phn khun.
Lng Lng Khun
Mt Phn Khun
Li Khun
2.2. Cc kiu khun c bn.

Kt cu khun thng gm c hai phn c bn : + Phn pha phun c c nh gi l tm khun trc.
Phn kia l pha y, n chuyn ng trong khi
khun m, gi l khun sau. Cn c vo hnh dng ca khun ngi ta c th chia khun lm 3 loi khun: khun 2 tm, khun 3 tm v khun nhiu tng. - Khun 2 tm : Loi khun ny ch gm 2 phn : Khun trc v khun sau. H thng ny c th c 1 lng khun hoc c nhiu lng khun.
Khun 2 t m
Hthng y T m di nh T m c nh B c cung phun
Li
Lng khun
Khun 2 tm rt thng dng trong h thng khun nhm sn xut nhng sn phm n gin. Tuy nhin i vi nhng sn phm loi ln khng b tr c ming khun tm hoc sn phm c nhiu ming phun hoc lng khun cn nhiu ming phun tm th kt cu khun 2 tm tr nn khng thch hp. - Khun 3 tm : sn phm nha c th tch ra mt cch t ng nh vic tch ri t ng gia sn phm v cc b phn cng, rnh dn, ming phun. H thng ny gm khun sau, khun trc v h thng thanh . N to 2 ch m khi khun m. Mt ch m ly sn phm ra v ch m kia ly knh nha ra.

Tm di ng Tm gia Tm c nh
Tm di ng
Nhc im ca h thng ny l khong cch gia vi phun ca my v lng khun rt di. N lm gim p lc khi phun khun v to ra nhiu ph liu ca h thng knh nha.
- Khun nhiu tng : khi yu cu mt s lng sn phm ln v gi gi sn phm thp, h thng khun nhiu tng c ch to gi lc kp ca my thp .
Li Tm lng khun
2.3. Cc b phn c bn ca khun Khun thng bao gm cc b phn sau : 1. khun tnh 2. Ci phng 3. Tm khun ng 4. Tm m khun ng 5. Tm y trc 6. Tm y sau 7. khun ng 8. Cc y hi 9. Bu lng l lc lng M8x38 10. Cht y 13.Bu lng lc lng M8x20 13. Bu lng lc
lng M12x118 14. Cc y sn
phm 3x85 15. 16. ng k 30 Bu lng lc
lng M6x40 17. nc Vnh chn
11. 12.
Cc y Cht t
18. 19.
Chy Bu lng lc
lng M12x32 20. 21. 22. u phun Bc dn hng Tr dn hng
A- a
15 14
16
17
18
19
20
13
12 11 21
10
22 23
09 08
07
06
05
04
03
02
01
2.3.1. H thng cp nha.

1. Cung phun. Cung phun l chi tit ni gia vi phun ca my v knh nha, c 3 kiu cung phun c bn l kiu cung phun n gin dng trong khun trc hnh 3.1.a. Cung phun c s dng khun 2 tm khi
phi c nc nh ch giao nhau khc phc hin tng khng khp nhau gia 2 na hnh 3.1.b. Bc cung phun, y l loi cung phun thng dng nht v n c cc u im vt tri hn hn hai loi cung phun trn c ch ra trn (hnh 3.1.c) y bc cung phun c ti cng trnh b vi phun ca my lm hng. Kch thc ca bc cung phun ph thuc vo 4 yu t chnh l : + Khi lng v chiu dy sn phm v loi nha c s dng. +Kch thc ca l vi phun ca my phun cng nh hng n kch thc ca cung phun. + m ca cung phun phi ln hn ng knh l vi phun ca my t 0,5 1 mm. +Bn knh trn bc cung phun ln hn 2 5 mm so vi bn knh vi phun m bo khng c khe h khi tip xc gia bc cung phun v vi phun.
H nh 3.1.a
H nh 3.1.b
H nh 3.1.c
Hnh 3.3.
2. Knh nha. Knh nha l on ni gia cung phun v ming phun v m bo ng nha dn n lng khun sao cho ngn nht trnh mt nhiu p lc y nha v tn vt liu. Kch thc ca knh nha phi
ln chuyn c vt liu vo lng khun mt cch nhanh nht. C cc dng knh nha nh sau : a. Knh nha hnh trn : c dng ph bin
v tit din ngang ca hnh trn cho php 1 lng vt liu ti a chy qua m khng b mt nhiu nhit. Tuy nhin chi ph ch to li t hn v knh nha phi nm hai bn ca mt phn khun.
b.
Knh nha hnh thang : cng c li nhng
s dng nhiu vt liu hn. So vi knh nha hnh trn th knh nha hnh thang d gia cng hn v n ch c mt bn ca mt phn khun. Loi ny c bit c li khi knh phi i qua 1 mt trt.
Vt li u tha
c.
Knh nha hnh thang c gc ln : khng
tt bng v n tn nhiu vt liu hn.

Vt li u tha
d.
Knh nha hnh ch nht : khng nn dng
v c th c nhiu s c.
V t li u tha
e.
Knh nha hnh bn nguyt v hnh cung :
l loi ti nht.
V t li u tha
Kch thc ca knh nha ph thuc vo cc yu t sau : + dy thnh sn phm. + Khi lng sn phm. + ng tit din ngang ca sn phm.
3. Cc ming phun v khuyt tt khi phun nha. a. Khi nim : Ming phun l knh m gia knh nha v lng khun. Cc ming phun thng c gi kch thc nh nht v c m rng nn cn thit. Nhng ming phun ln rt tt cho s chy m ca dng nha. b. V tr ming phun. Xc nh v tr ming phun rt quan trng trong qu trnh thit k khun. Nu cc iu kin thit k khc hon ton hp l th nu v tr ming phun sai th s gy ra nhng khuyt tt nh sau : - Vt c phun ngn : Vt liu b ng cng trc khi in y.
- Sn phm b cong vnh : i vi cc sn phm di c mt ming phun trung tm th sn
phm c xu hng b cong gia. Khc phc nhc im ny bng cch thit k sao cho ming phun tht rng s gim c cong vnh. - ng hn : Khi nha chy qua sn phm v b ng li nhiu n ni khi chy quanh vt cn hnh ch nht, n s khng c s pha trn tt vi nhau nn li pha sau mt ng phn bit gi l ng hn. Khc phc bng cch m thm mt ming phun pha kia ca sn phm. - S to ui : Khi nha chy qua mt ca hp vo trong lng khun c th b to thnh ui. - Hm co : Do nha chy qua mt tit din mng, n kh gi c p lc khun cao in y vo khong trng. - Cn kh : Khng kh b kt li , nha ang chy quanh mt ch b chy ngc li v kh khng thot c ra ngoi. c. Cc kiu ming phun. - Ming phun cung. - Ming phun cnh. - Ming phun kiu bng. - Ming phun kiu ng ngm. - Ming phun im. 2.3.2. H thng y. Chc nng ca h thng y l ly sn phm ra sau khi khun m. 1. Cht y
C rt nhiu h thng y c dng trong thit k khun nha nh : cht y, li y, cc ng y, thanh y, cc tm tho, van y v h thng y c bit. Trong cht y l loi n gin nht v l l trn nn rt d ch to.V mt cng ngh lp cht y vo khun mt cch d dng th khi ch to nn doa rng l c di nh sau : - i vi l nhit luyn trc khi gia cng : L = 4D. - i vi nhng l nhit luyn: L = 3D. 2. Tr k Tr k l cc chi tit to ra khong y A trong khun. Khong y A phi ln hn t 5 10 mm so vi chiu cao ca sn phm c ly ra t khun sau. Khong y khng c qu di v cht y i khi rt nh s lm yu h thng y. Ngoi ra tr k phi c b tr hp l v kho tm k chy khng b vng xung
di tc dng ca lc p phun ca my. 3. Cht y hi v bc y hi Sau khi sn phm c y ra, h thng y phi v v tr ban u cc cht y khng lm hng cc lng khun ca khun trc khi ng khun. V th cn c cht y hi. Ngoi ra m bo dn hng cht y hi tt v trnh mi mn chy trong qu trnh khun hot ng cn c bc cht y hi.
4. Tm y v tm gi L nhng chi tit to thnh mt cp, dng truyn ton b p lc y ca my p phun ln cht y. Do tm y v tm gi khng c thit k qu mng nu khng n s b un cong v lc y khng u trn ton b sn phm. V vy dy ca tm y v tm gi l rt quan trng. 5. B phn ko cung phun v knh dn nha.
Cung phun Knh nha
Cht y
2.3.3. Li mt bn. Khi khun c li mt bn tc l khng tho c sn phm theo chiu m ca khun th phi thit k li mt bn, cc trng hp cn li mt bn l : - Sn phm c l mt bn. - Sn phm c rnh trang tr. - Sn phm c ch gp khc. Khi s dng li mt bn cn c h thng dn hng ph hp vi cc chuyn ng ca n, tc ng ln mt bn th s dng cc bin php : H thng cht xin, cam chn ch, l xo, tc ng thu lc .
2.3.4. H thng lm mt. 1. Yu cu. iu khin nhit ca khun trong khong thi gian ngn nht, cn thit k h thng lm mt khun. iu ny rt quan trng v thi gian lm mt chim 50 60% ton b thi gian ca chu k phun khun, do thi gian lm mt quyt nh en nng sut v cht lng gia cng. c sn phm t yu cu th cn ch cc im sau : - Knh lm mt cng t gn b mt khun th cng tt khi cn ch n bn c hc ca chi tit. - Cc knh lm mt cn t gn nhau. - ng knh knh lm mt phi > 8 mm v gi nguyn nh vy trnh lm thay i tc dng chy khi thay i tit din dng chy. - Chia h thng lm mt lm nhiu vng trnh cc knh nha ko di dn n s chnh lch nhit . - Ch c bit n vic lm mt nhng phn dy ca sn phm. a. V tr ca h thng lm mt : V tr ph thuc vo kch thc sn phm v s khc nhau v chiu dy thnh sn phm. H thng lm mt nn t ch nhit kh truyn t nha nng sang khun. Vic lm mt nh nhau trn ton b sn phm.
b. Lm mt tm khun : L mt trong nhng h thng thng thng nht c dng cho nhng sn phm nh, trong nhiu trng hp, cc knh nha c khoan trn my khoan thng thng, nhng i vi cc knh nha qu di v khng thng, cc knh nha phi cch nhau t nht l 3 mm. i vi cc knh nha di trn 150 mm th cch nhau l 5 mm. c. Lm mt li : Li thng b bao ph bi lp nha nng v vic truyn nhit n cc phn khc ca khun l c mt vn . lm c iu ny, cch n gin nht l lm li bng vt liu c dn nhit nh ng hoc ng berilium. Nhc im ca loi vt liu ny l bn thp. Phng php tt hn l t cc knh lm mt trong li. u im ca phng php ny l c th iu khin c nhit bng s tng hoc gim nhit dng chy cht lng chy qua cc knh. d. Lm mt cht : Lm mt cht kh hn lm mt li v vic truyn nhit n cc phn khc ca khun l rt kh. e. Lm mt lng khun : Ni chung lng khun c th c lm mt tt v c s dn nhit tt n cc phn khc ca khun.
2.4 Cng ngh ch to khun
Thit k sn phm Thit k khun Xy dng d liu CAM Thc hin gia cng
(Dng solidworks to lp bn v sn phm)
(Dng solidworks to lp bn v lp lng khun , li khun )
My thng v my CNC nh bng m v lp rp 1.Quy trnh ch to khun. ch to ra c mt b khun, ta a ra cc bc ch to nh s di y : - Thit k sn phm : trong phn ny ta c th thit k mi mt sn phm nha theo yu cu hoc phi thc hin vic tho lun vi nh thit k a ra cc phng n m bo cho vic thit k nh : v vt liu ca sn phm, kt cu v hnh dng ca sn phm c m bo tnh cng ngh thc hin thit k c. - Thit k khun : Thit k bn v lp khun xc nh s phn b ca lng khun, c cu y, cc chuyn ng ca khun cn cho vic m khun v to hnh cho sn phm. T a ra bn v chi tit cho tng phn thc hin qu trnh ch to v gia cng.
- Xy dng d liu CAM : S dng phn mm Mastercam, Catia lp trnh v m phng qu trnh gia cng trc khi thc hin gia cng thc. - Thc hin gia cng : vic gia cng cc lng khun v li khun c thc hin trn trung tm gia cng CNC, my ct dy CNC, my gia cng bng tia la in CNC.
- nh bng, m v lp rp : to bng cho
lng khun v li khun th ta phi thc hin cng vic nh bng bng cc vt liu l cc ht mi c mn sau em m bng Crm. Cui cng l lp rp cc b phn thnh mt b khun hon chnh.
chng 3. tm hiu phn mm solidwork2005

Tp on c tr s c tr s t ti bang Massachusetts , Hoa K . y l phn mn chy trn h iu hnh Windows (Bt u t Win98), c vit bng ngn ng Visual Basic v s dng cc cng ngh mi nht v lnh vc ho my tnh . Cc vt th c biu din ht sc trc quan ,sinh ng to cm gic cho ngi s dng nh lm vic trn m hnh tht . Giao din chng trnh thun li cho ngi s dng , khng bt ngi dng phi nh tn cc lnh mt cch chi tit , v cc biu tng ca nt lnh trn cc thanh cng c cho ngi s dng bit s b v chc nng ca chng . Nhng ta cng c th gi
lnh t bn phm nh trong Auto Cad bng cch vo : Tool Add-Ins SolidWorks 2D Emulator . a) Bt u vi SolidWorks . Trong phn mn SolidWorks c ba dng bn v Part: thit k cc bn v chi tit dng 3D, cc file ny c phn m rng *.sldprt.
A ssembly: Sau khi c cc bn v chi tit Part , c th chon Assembly lp ghp cc chi tit thnh cm chi tit hay thnh mt c cu hay my hon chnh . cc file ny c phn m rng *.sldasm .
Drawing: Thit k bn v 2D da trn chi tit thc c sn trn cc bn v Part hay Assembly . SolidWorks s t ng to ra cc hnh chiu t cc im nhn khc nhau chng ta c th la chn d dng . Cc file ny c phn m rng *.slddrw.
Ngoi ra Solidworks 2005 vic trao i cc bn v thit k qua mng internet ton cu rt d
dng thng qua cng c eDrawing , tm nhn v m iu ny l c li cho tt c cc k s khi thit k cc chi tit phc tp. b) Nghin ca bn v chi tit Part . V cc i tng 2D : Trong phn ny ta s trnh by cc lnh c bn v cc i tng 2D
(ng thng, cong, cc bin dng phc tp) trong SolidWorks lm c s cho thit k cc i tng 3D. Ch : Cc i tng 2D ch thc hin trn mt mt phng v phc tho no sau khi m Sketch. V ng thng Lnh: Line
v mt on thng. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\Sketch Entities\Line thun tin kch chut phi mt menu hin ra, sau chn Line.
V hnh ch nht
Lnh: Rectangen
v mt hnh ch nht hay hnh vung. thc hin lnh ny ta cng c th kch s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\ SketchEntities\Rectangen.
V hnh ch nht c cnh phng bt k Parallelogram
Lnh:
v hnh ch nht, hnh vung c cc cnh nghing vi mtgc bt k. thao tc vi lnh ny ta vao menu Tools\ SketchEntities\ Parallelogram V a gic u Lnh: Polygon
v cc a gic u. thao tc vi lnh ny ta vao menu Tools\ SketchEntities\ Polygon
V ng trn
Lnh: Circle
Dng v ng trn. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\ SketchEntities\ Circle. hiu chnh ta cng lm tng t vi cc lnh trn. V cung trn i qua 3 im Lnh: 3 Point Arc
Dng v mt phn cung trn. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\Sketch Entities\ 3Point Arc V cung trn ni tip t mt im cui ca i tng khc Lnh : Tangent point Arc Dng v mt phn cung trn ni tip t im cui ca mt i tng khc. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\Sketch Entities\ Tangent point Arc V ng trn qua 3 im ( im tm, im u, im cui ) Lnh: Center Point Arc Dng v mt cung trn. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\Sketch Entities\Center Point Arc
V ng Elip
Lnh: Ellipse
Dng v mt hnh elip . s dng lnh t menu Tools\ SketchEntities\ Ellipse. V cung Elip Lnh: Center point Elipse
Dng v mt cung hnh elip . s dng lnh t menu Tools\SketchEntities\ Center point Elipse. V ng tm Lnh : Center Line
Lnh ny dng v ng tm, khi s dng lnh Mirror, revolve. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\Sketch Entities\ Centerline. V t do Lnh : Spline
Dng v ng cong trn i qua cc im cho trc. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\Sketch Entities\ Spline. Nhp mt i tng 2 D t Autocad sang Solidworks Ngoi cc lnh v trn cc thanh cng c ca Solidworks th phn mn Solidworks cn cho php nhp bn v 2D t Phn mn Autocad . Khi mt bin dng phc tp thun tin cho vic thit k ta c th lin kt d liu bin dng t phn mm Autocad. nhp mt bn v phc tho phc tp t Cad sang ta lm theo cc bc sau:
Cc lnh chnh sa v nhanh cc i tng 2D Sau y ta s trnh by cc lnh v nhanh, chnh sa cc i tng 2D. Ly i xng Lnh: Mirror
v cc chi tit c tnh i xng. s dng lnh ny c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Ketch Tools hoc t menu Tools\Sketch Tools\Mirror V cung trn Lnh: Fillet
Lnh c tc dng v trn cc i tng c ni lin tip vi nhau(cc i tng c th l cc on thng, cung trn hay cc a gic hay cc ng Spline). s dng lnh ny ta c th kch vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tool hay t menu Tools\Sketch Tools\Fillet. Vt gc Lnh: Chamfer
Lnh c tc dng vt gc cc i tng l cc on thng ni tip hay cc cnh ca mt a gic. Ta c th gi lnh ny t biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tool hay t menu Tools\SketchTools\ Chamfer.
Offset
Lnh: Offset Entities
Lnh dng copy mt i tng theo mt khong cnh cho trc. s dng lnh ny ta c th kch chut vo biu tng trn thanh cng c Sketch Tool hay t menu Tools\SketchTools\ Offset Entities. Cht (ct) Lnh: Trim
Dng ct cc phn ca i tng khi cn ct b. Ta c th gi lnh ny t biu tng trn thanh cng c Skecth Tool hoc t menu lnh Tools\SketchTools\ Trim sau tin hnh kch chut vo cc i tng cn ct b. V mng trn Lnh: Circular Step and Repeat
Dng to cc i tng theo mng trn t mt i tng c s , Ta c th gi lnh ny t biu tng trn thanh cng c Skecth Tool hoc t menu lnh Tools\SketchTools\ Circular Step and Repeat.
V mng vung
Lnh: linear Step and Repeat
Dng to cc i tng theo mng c dng ma trn hng ct trn t mt i tng c s . Ta c th gi lnh ny t biu tng trn thanh cng c Skecth Tool hoc t menu lnh Tools\SketchTools\ linear Step and Repeat Ko di on thng Lnh: Extend
Dng ko di on thng theo phng ca n cho ti khi gp on chn (on chn c th l ng cong, thng, trn, Spline). Ta c th gi lnh ny t biu tng trn thanh cng c Stetck Tools hay t menu lnh Tools\SketchTools\ Extend. Ngoi cc lnh c bn trn Solidworks cn c cc lnh ph tr nh lnh to kch thc (Dimensions) hay lnh i nt v (Construction Goemetry) .v.v. ta khng trnh by ht y . To cc i tng 3D t i tng 2D Hu ht cc i tng 3D u c v t i tng 2D. iu kin cn cc i tng 2D c th pht trin thnh i tng 3D thng l nhng ng cong c v trong 2D phi kn hoc l ng mt nt. Cc i tng ny thng ch s dng c to cc m hnh 3D khi ta ng cng c Sketch li. To i tng 3D bng cch ko theo phng vung gc vi mt cha bin dng. Lnh: Extruded Boss
Dng v mt khi 3D t bin dng l mt bn phc tho 2D bng cnh ko bin dng 2D theo phng vung gc vi bin dng. s dng lnh ny ta phi c mt bin dng 2D khi trn thanh cng c Features lnh nt lnh Extruded Boss/Base s c hin sng khi kch hot lnh ny th menu Base Extude. Ti Direction1 ta c cc la chn sau: + Mid plane: S cho php i tng c ko sang hai pha i xng qua mt phng cha bin dng thng mt phng ny theo mc nh l mt Front. + Blind: i tng c ko v mt pha ca mt phng cha bin dng. Hng ko i tng c chn bi ngi v.
Khot l theo phng vung gc vi mt cha bin dng Lnh: Extruded Cut Lnh ny dng khot cc l hng theo mt bin dng cho trc bng cch ct thng theo phng vung gc vi mt phc tho. Lnh ny c thc hin trn cc i tng 3D. Cc ch ct cn quan tm:
+ Blind : ct theo mt pha k t mt phc tho. + Mid plan : Ct v hai pha mt phc tho. + Through All : Ct xuyn thng i tng.
To i tng 3D bng cch quay i tng 2D quanh mt trc Lnh: Revolved Boss Lnh ny dng to cc m hnh 3D bng cch xoay cc bin dng phc tho 2D thnh cc i tng 3D quanh mt trc. Chnh v vy thc hin lnh ny cn c mt bin dng 2D v mt trc xoay. Ch : i vi lnh ny ch mc nh thng l 3600.
To i tng 3D bng cch ko theo mt ng dn bt k Lnh : Sweep Lnh ny dng to cc i tng 3D bng cch ko bin dng theo mt ng dn vung gc vi mt cha bin dng. Do ta phi to bin dng v ng dn trn hai mt phng vung gc vi nhau.
To i tng 3D t cc bin dng khc nhau bt k lm trn cc phc tho khc nhau. Lnh: Loft Lnh ny c chc nng to i tng 3D t cc bin dng khc nhau trn cc mt phc tho song song.
Ct mt phn c bng cch quay bin dng ct quanh mt trc Lnh: Revolved Cut Lnh ny dng khot cc l hng theo mt bin dng cho trc hoc cc dnh bng cch ct quanh mt trc sn song song. Lnh ny c thc hin trn cc i tng 3D. Thng ch mc nh gc ct l 3600 thay i gc ct ta a gc ct vo angle. Cc ch ct: - one - Direction : Ct theo chiu kim ng h k t mt phc tho - Mid plan : Ct theo hai pha mt phc tho. - Two - Direction : Nh trng hp one Direction.
Phm tt copy di chuyn nhanh cc khi 3D v nhanh cc bn v 3D ta c th dng cc th thut sau :
cng nh
* Cc khi c to bng mt trong cc lnh Extruded Boss/ Base, Extruded cut, Revolve Boss/ Base, Revolve cut th c th: + Copy : Bng cch kch chut vo i tng gi chut tri + phm Ctrl v di n v tr mi. +Move: Bng cch kch chut vo i tng gi chut tri + phm Shift v di n v tr mi.
* Thayi kch c nhanh cc i tng 3D dng lnh Move/Size Features, sau khi kch hot lnh ny ta dng chut gi phm tri v ko thay i kch thc cc khi 3D.
Chnh, sa, to khi nhanh cc i tng 3D V trn cnh Lnh: Fillet Lnh ny dng v trn cnh cc khi 3D.
Vt mp Lnh: Chamfer Lnh ny dng vt mp cc cnh ca mt chi tit v chng c cc ch vt mp sau: Angle Distance : Cho php vt gc vi mt khong cch v mt gc cho trc theo phng cn chn, i chiu vt chn Flip Direction. Distance distance : Cho php vt gc vi khong cch l khc nhau i vi tng cnh. Vertex : Cho php vt gc cc hnh hp theo 3 cnh. Lnh Shell khot. Cch thc hin: Kch hot lnh sau kch chut vo b mt cn khot l hng (khi kch hot vo mt cn khot th mt chuyn mu xanh). Khot l to v mng cc khi c theo bin dng ca mt
Lnh Dome Lnh s dng to vm cc i tng 3D rt thun tin cho cc khi tr trn. Cch thc hin: Kch hot lnh Dome sau chn mt cn to vm, a chiu cao vm (k t mt kch hot cho n nh vm).
Lnh to Gn Rib
Lnh ny dng to gn cho cc chi tit.
Cch thc hin: Trc ht phi to mt mt phc tho v ng dn sau kch hot lnh Rib. Trn menu ca lnh Rib a chiu dy ca gn chu lc. Nu mun t cn cho gn kch vo biu tng trn menu ca lnh Rib.
Lnh Simple Hole
Lnh ny dng c cc l cho chi tit .
Cch thc hin: Kch chut vo b mt cn c l khi biu tng lnh Hole hin sng ln, sau kch chut ly im tm ca l cn c. Nu mun l cn th kch vo biu tng t cn.
L nh Hole Wizard Lnh ny dng c cc l c ren theo cc tiu chun ANSI (h inh, met), ISO, DIN, JIP.v.v.
Lnh Mirro Feature Lnh ny dng ly i xng qua mt mt cc khi 3 D. Cch thc hin: Bc 1: kch hot lnh Mirro Feature khi hin ra menu Mirro Pattern Feature. Bc 2: chn mt phng ly i xng trc sau chn i tng cn ly i xng nhn OK kt thc qu trnh.
Lnh Circurlar Pattern mt trc. Cch thc hin:
Lnh ny c tc dng copy mng trn quanh
Bc 1: Kch chut vo i tng cn to mng. Bc 2: Kch hot lnh Circurlar Pattern sau chn trc, t gc gia hai i tng cn to, s i tng cn to.
To mng chi tit theo dng hng, ct Lnh Linear Pattern Lnh ny dng to mng chi tit theo mt matrn dng hng, ct. M t cc thuc tnh Direction 1 (to hng). + Reverse Direction : chn phng + Spacing: Khong cch gia cc hng + number of instances: s hng c copy. Direction 2 (to ct). + Reverse Direction : chn phng + Spacing: Khong cch gia cc ct
+ Nnumber of instances: s ct c copy.
To cc ng v mt phc tp trongkhng gian v mt Trong chng ny trnh by cc lnh ch yu to cc ng cong t n gin n phc tp chng ng dng to ng dn cho lnh Sweep to cc chi tit phc tp nh l so, b mt ren ca bu nng, cc mt son vt, b mt cnh tua bin v cc b mt phc tp khc. To ng cong xon vt : Lnh ny to cc ng cong dng xon c. Lnh : Helix C cc kiu ng sau: ng cong xon theo mt mt tr. ng cong xon theo mt mt cn. Cch thc hin: Bc 1 : to ng c s l ng trn. Bc 2 : Kch hot lnh Helix sau c th t cc thuc tnh nh kiu ng, chiu ca ng xon vt ngc chiu kim ng h hay cng chiu kim ng h, hng t mt trc so vi mt phc tho hay ngc li, gc xn vt, bc xon vt. Bc 3 : Kch Ok kt thc qu trnh to ng.
To ng cong bm theo mt bin dng Lnh : Composite Curve Lnh ny cho php to cc ng cong theo cc bin dng phc tp. Cnh thc hin: Bc 1: to khi 3D Bc 2: kch hot lnh Composite Curve menu Composite Curve hin ln kch chut vo cc cnh (iu kin cc cnh phi lin nhau) sau kch Ok c mt ng cong lin.
To ng cong t do qua cc im Lnh : Curve Throunh Free Point Lnh ny c dng to cc ng cong t do i qua cc im ( cc im ny c a vo t bn phm) Kch hot lnh menu curve file hin ra sau a cc ta vo nh bng sau .
To ng cong 3D Lnh : 3D Curve Lnh ny cho php to ra cc ng cong i qua cc im bt chut (cc im ny lgiao ca cc cnh trong khi 3D). Cch thc hin: Kch hot lnh sau kch hot chut vo cc im giao ca cc cnh.
Lnh Split line To mt cong theo ng dn mt khi 3D. ng mt quanh
Lnh Offset surface Lnh ny c tc dng to cc mt offset ca cc mt ca chi tit. Cch thc hin: Kch hot lnh Offset surface khi menu lnh hin ra, ta t khong cch cho mt offset sau kch hot vo b mt i tng cn offset.
Lnh Radiate surface Lnh ny cho php to ra b mt lm vic t ng cong hay cc on thng. V d: mun to mt hnh nh hnh 6.17 di y ta lm nh sau Bc 1: To khi tr v ng cong Split line nh lnh Split line trn. Bc 2: kch hot lnh Radiate surface giao din lnh hin ln cho php ta t cc thuc tnh sau: Rerferance Plan: chn mt phng hng. Radiate Distance: cho php t khong cch. Edges to Radiate: cho php ta chn cc cnh vin l cc ng Split line c ngha mun to c ng ny cn thc t lnh Split line. Bc 3:Kch Ok kt thc lnh.
Lnh Extruded surface Lnh ny c chc nng to b mt trong khng gian t ng c s ban u (ng c s c th l ng trn, cong, thng, v.v..) Cch thc hin:M mt Sketch v ng c s sau kch hot lnh Extruded surface giao din lnh hin ln cho php ta t chiu cao. Ni chung cc thao tc ca lnh ny tng t lnh Extruded Boss/Base
Lnh Revolved surface Lnh ny cho php to b mt t mt ng c s quay quanh mt trc c nh. Cch thc hin: cc thao tc thc hin lnh ny tng t vi lnh Revolved Boss/Base.
Lnh Swept Surface Lnh ny dng to cc b mt bng cch dn mt bin dng c s theo mt ng cong bt k. iu kin ng c s phi l cc ng kn v ng dn phi nm trn mt phng vung gc vi mt phng cha ng c s.
Lnh Lofted Surface Lnh ny cho php to b mt t cc bin dng nm trn cc mt phc tho khc nhau. Cch thc hin lnh: Bc 1: To cc mt phc tho khc nhau. Bc 2: Trn mi mt phc tho v cc ng c s khc nhau. Bc 3: Kch hot lnh Lofted Surface khi giao din lnh hin ra kch cht vo cc bin dng to ng dn. Bc 4 : Kch hot Ok kt thc.
Lnh Extended Surface Lnh ny cho php ko di cc b mt theo mt khong xc nh cho trc. Cch thc hin: Kch hot lnh Extended Surface giao din lnh hin ra trn dao din ta c th chon cnh ko di hoc mt ch cn ko di n . Nu chn cnh th phai a khong cch cn ko bao nhiu. Lnh Trimmed Surface Lnh ny c tc dng ct cc b mt theo mt mt ct. Cch thc hin: Bc 1: To mt b mt ct bng lnh Plane.
Bc 2: Kch hot lnh Trimmed Surface giao din lnh hin ra chn mt phng ct, sau kch chut vo phn cn gi li.
S dng cng c Plane thc hin thao tc to cc mt trc ht phi Kch hot lnh Plane khi giao din Specity Construction Plane hin ln trn menu c cc biu tng to mt phc tho khc nhau.
To cc mt phc tho song song (Offset) Lnh ny cho php to cc mt phc tho song song vi nhau v cch nhau mt khong cch nht nh. Distance: t khng cch ca gia hai mt song song. Entity: Kch chut v chn mt ch mt to ra song song vi n. Finish : kt thc qu trnh offset mt.
To mt phc tho nghing mt gc bt k (At Anger) Lnh ny cho php to mt mt phc tho nghing mt gc bt k. ng dng to l nghing hay cc ct chch hay T trong thit k ng. Thao tc trn menu Specity Construction Plane chn At Angel ri chn next menu Plan At Angel hin ln trn cho php t cc thuc tnh: + Angel: t gc nghing gia hai mt phc tho. + Entity: Kch chut v chn mt ch mt to ra hp vi n mt gc.
To mt phng qua ba im (3 points) Lnh ny cho php to mt phng qua ba im trong khng gian. Cch thc hin:
Thao tc trn menu Specity Construction Plane chn 3 Point ri chn next menu Three point plane hin ra kch chut vo Entity selected sau kch chut vo ba im trn i tng 3D to mt phng phc tho.
To mt
phc
tho song song vi mt mt phng ca i tng v i qua mt im . (Plant@Pt) Lnh ny cho php to mt mt phng song song vi mt mt v i qua mt im.
To mt phc tho i qua mt cnh v mt im (Line&Point) Lnh ny cho ra mt mt phc tho i cnh v mt trn khi 3D. php to phng qua mt im
To mt phng tip xc vi mt mng cong (Curve) Lnh ny cho php to mt mt phng phc tho tip xc vi mt cong.
To mt phng phc tho vung gc vi mt ng cong (On Surface) Lnh ny c tc dng to mt mt phc tho vung gc vi mt ng cong bt k m khi gc ta ca mt phc tho li trng vi chn ng cong ti im vung gc .
To khun Mu: (V d v to khun mu) .
Gii thiu chung v khun

Trong bi ny, bn s bt u vi mt m hnh tay cm in thoi, sn phm m bn to khun cho n. Mt b khun c to bi li khun v lng khun. s dng mt m hnh c sn nh im xut pht, bn to ra 1 li khun ging nh b mt trn ca m hnh, v lng khun ging nh b mt di ca m hnh. Mt ng chia s phn tch li khun v lng khun vi nhau. Li khun v lng khun c p vo,u nha hay kim loi lng c phun vo y vng trng gia li khun v lng khun. sau khi cht lng ngui, lng khun v li khun c tch nhau ra, v sn phm b y ra. Trc khi to ra li khun v lng khun, cn phi xa m hnh chc rng n y ra d dng bng cch p dng lin tip cc cng c sau:
Draft Analysis Draft Scale Parting Lines
Shut-off Surfaces Parting Surfaces Tooling Split
y (khi bn trn) di)
I.Checking for Draft(Kim tra gc nghing)

Kim tra tt c cc mt c gc nghing vi cng c kim tra gc nghing(Draft Analysis). Gc nghing trn cc mt ca sn phm c nhp bng mt gc chnh xc. M bn v c sn theo ng dn sau: <th mc ci t>\samples\tutorial\molds\telephone.sldprt. 1. Nhp Draft Analysis trn thanh cng c Mold Tools.
2. La chn Top trong cy qun l i tng thit k(FeatureManager design tree) ch ra hng y( Direction of Pull) trong nhn qun l trng thi( PropertyManager).
Nhp Reverse Direction nu mi tn ch xung di. 3. Bn di nhn Analysis Parameters: a. Nhp .5 vo Draft Angle . b. La chn Face classification. c. Nhp Calculate.
4. Nhp Rotate View trn thanh cng c View kim tra cc hng khc ca m hnh.
Checking for Draft (continued) Bn di nhn Color Settings, mi mt loi mt s hin th mt con s ch mu sc .
gi tr mu sc c a ra l cc gi tr mc nh. Thay i cc gi tr ny s lm cho mu thay i. 5. Nhp Front trn thanh cng c Standard Views kim tra cnh di ca m hnh, bn di vng dm bo gc nghing.
Nhp Zoom to Area cu gc nghing
trn thanh View phng to vng yu
Mu sc cho thy vng ny gc nghing nh hn 0.50. 8. nhp OK v nhp Yes gi nguyn mu sc.
Draft Analysis khng a thm i tng vo cy qun l i tng thit k( FeatureManager design tree).
II.Adding Draft( Thm gc nghing)

Khng phi tt c cc mt u yu cu nghing 0.50. vi nhng m hnh dng bi SolidWorks, s dng cng c Draft to thm gc nghing cho cc mt. 1. Nhp Draft trn thanh cng c Mold Tools. 2. Trong nhn PropertyManager, chn Parting Line trong vng Type of Draft. 3. Bn di nhn Draft Angle, g 1 vo vng Draft Angle 4. Di nhn Direction of Pull:
La chn Top trong cy qun l i tng thit k( FeatureManager) ch nh hng y(Direction of Pull). Nhp Reverse Direction xung di. nu mi tn ch hng y ch
Incorrect Correct
5. Chn Dimetric trn thanh Standard Views. 6. Chn tng cnh bn dioc theo y ca m hnh lm ng chia khun Parting Lines .
7. Nhp OK
to gc.
III.Applying Scaling( thu phng m hnh)

S dng cng c thu phng p dng cho vic phng to hay thu nh b cho lng cht lng s co li khi ng c. Thay i t l ch nh hng ti cc thng s hnh hc ca m hnh ch khng lm thay i t l v khong cc, cc bn phc tho, hay cc thng s tham chiu. 1. nhp Scale trn thanh Mold Tools. 2. m rng Solid Bodies(1) trong cy qun l i tng( FeatureManager design tree) v chn Draft2 cho nhn Solid and Surface or Graphics Bodies to Scale trong vng PropertyManager. 3. chn Centroid trong nhn Scale about. 4. chn Uniform scaling. 5. nhp 1.05 vo Scale Factor. 6. nhp OK .
IV.Generating Parting Lines( To ng chia)

Cng c Parting Line kim tra gc v to thm ng chia khun. ng chia khun s phn tch khun thnh li khun v lng khun. Nhng yu cu ny s m bo rng sn phm s c y ra khi khun d dng. 1. Nhp Parting Lines trn thanh Mold Tools. 2. Chn Top trong cy qun l i tng thit k( FeatureManager design tree) ch nh hng y trong mc qun l trng thi(PropertyManager).
Nhp Reverse Direction di.
mi tn ch hng y quay xung
3. Nhp .5 vo Draft Angle . 4. chn Draft Analysis kim tra cc gc ca m hnh.
Di nhn Parting Lines, 8 ng c sinh ra xut hin thnh 1 cnh . 5. So snh mu sc trn m hnh vi mu sc bn di nhn Mold Parameters.
Nhn t trn. gc nghing dng
6. nhp Rotate View trn thanh cng c View kim tra cc hng nhn khc ca m hnh.
Nhn t y. Gc nghing m Xoay m hnh v kim tra chc rng khng c nhng mt b ging hay nhng b mt khng c nghing .
7. Nhp OK
to ng chia.
V. Adding Shut-off Surfaces( Thm b mt v)

B mt lp ng bt c l rng no. n ngn cn nha chy t l thng qua nhng vng ni lng khun v li khun gp nhau. k h s ngn cn vic tch ri lng khun v li khun. 1. Nhp Shut-off Surfaces trn thanh Mold Tools. Trong mc PropertyManager, tt c cc l hng s xut hin trong vng Edges . Trong vng ho, li thoi nhn din mi vng tht vi mt b mt mc nh l contact.
2. Nhp Zoom In/Out 3. Nhp OK .
phng to hay thu nh vng quan st.
VI. Creating Parting Surfaces(To Mt phn Khun)

Mt phn khun c u ra t ng chia khun v c s dng chia lng khun t li khun. to ra ng chia, bn cn t nht 3 mt thn trong vng th mc Surface Bodies . 3 mt ny l li khun , tip theo l lng khun, v cui cng l mt chia khun. 1. Nhp Parting Surfaces trn thanh Mold Tools. 2. trong vng PropertyManager, bn di Mold Parameters, chn Perpendicular to pull.
3. di nhn Parting Surface, nhp 10 vo vng Distance. 4. di vng Options, nhp Knit all surfaces v Show preview.
5. Nhp OK
B mt thn Surface Bodies
bao gm 4 b mt.
VII. Preparing for the Tooling Split

To mt mt phng song song vi hng y. 1. Nhp Rotate View trn thanh Standard Views, v iu chnh m hnh nhn thy cnh y vi vng gc m.
2. Nhp Zoom to Area , phng to vo vung gn hnh ch nht bn trn ng ni, v chn mt trn cng ca gn.
3. Nhp Plane trn thanh Reference Geometry. 4. Trong nhn PropertyManager, xut hin Selections, Face<1> trong vng Reference Entities :
chn Offset Distance . Nhp 20 vo Distance. chn Reverse direction ch r v tr ca mt phng bn di ca mt phng tham chiu. .
5. Chn OK
VIII. Tch khun

Tip theo, to mt hnh phc dng ch nht to ra mt b mt phng. 1. Nhp Tooling Split trn thanh Mold Tools. 2. Chn Plane9 trong vng qun l i tng thit k (FeatureManager design tree). 3. Nhp Normal to trn thanh Standard Views. trn thanh Views.
4. Nhp Hidden Lines Removed
5. Nhp Rectangle trn thanh Sketch, v phc mt hnh ch nht vi kch thc nh hnh v. to kch thc ng (75), dng im mt ca ng trn vi on thng nm ng v cnh ngang ca hnh phc. to kch thc ngang(175), s dng gc to v cnh ng ca hnh phc.
6. Nhp OK ng sketch. 7. Trong vng PropertyManager, xut hin: Di Core, Shut-Off Surface1[1] s l Core Surface Bodies . Di Cavity, Shut-Off Surface1[2] s l Cavity Surface
Bodies . Di Parting Surface, Parting Surface1 s l Parting Surface Bodies .
8. Nhp Isometric . 9. Di nhn Block size:

Nhp 90 vo Depth in Direction 1 Nhp 70 vo Depth in Direction 2 Chn Interlock surface. Nhp 3 vo Draft Angle .
. .
10. Nhp Shaded with Edges 11. Nhp OK khun . to b mt ci vo nhau gia long khun v li
IX. Moving the Core from the Cavity(Di Chuyn li khun khi li)
Dng chc nng Move/Copy Bodies phn chia lng khun v li khun. 1. Nhp Move/Copy Bodies trn thanh Features. 2. trong vng ho, chn lng khun Solid Body<1> Solid and Surface or Graphic Bodies to Move/Copy trong nhn PropertyManager.
Lng khun c t sng.
3. di nhn Translate, nhp 160 vo Delta Y 4. Nhp OK .
X. Enhancing Mold Visibility(tng kh nng quan st cho khun)

La chn trong th mc Solid Bodies v Surface Bodies, ri dng chc nng Hide Solid Body v Hide Surface Body hin th lng khun v li khun m khng c thm vo cc khi hay cc b mt. 1. Trong vng FeatureManager design tree, di nhn Solid Bodies(3) , kch chut phi trong vng Parting Line1 v chn Hide Solid Body n i thn ca chi tit. 2. Trong vng FeatureManager design tree, di nhn Surface Bodies(4) , chn Cavity Surface Bodies(1). 3. kch chut phi trong vng Shut-Off Surface1[2], v chn Hide Surface Body to n i mt v trn lng khun. 4. di nhn Core Surface Bodies(1), kch chut phi trong vng Shut-Off Surface1[1], v chn Hide Surface Body n mt v trn li khun 5. Di vng Parting Surface Surface Bodies(1), kch chut phi trong vng Parting Surface1, v chn Hide Surface Body n mt chia khun. Enhancing Mold Visibility (continued) S dng chc nng Edit Color thay i mu sc v p dng mc tng phn cho lng khun v li khun. 1. Nhp Edit Color trn thanh Standard. 2. Trong cy qun l i tng thit k( FeatureManager design tree), chn Tooling Split1 cho vng Selected Entities trong nhn PropertyManager. 3. di nhn Favorite, chn mu Select Existing Color or Add Color. Trong v d ny mu cam c la chn .
4. Di nhn Optical Properties, di chuyn thanh trt Transparency n tm gia iu chnh mc phn chiu
5. Nhp OK
XI. Xut lng khun v li khun sang bn v chi tit:

Trong vng FeatureManager Design Tree: Bn di nhn solide body: Chn tooling Split3[1], kch chut phi v chn insert into newpart nhu hnh v. Lng khun s c chn sang bn v mi. Thc hin tng t vi na khun cn li.
di chuyn i tng hay quay lng khun dng lnh move/copy
c) Nghin ca bn v lp cm chi tit . Bn v c to nn t cc bn v chi tit Part : Khi c cc bn v chi tit ca cc chi tit cn lp. B1: M mt Assembly. Bng cch nhp vo biu tng Assembly B2: ng thi m cc bn Part. B3: Trn thanh cng c Window chn Window / (Tile Horizontally hoc Tile Vertically). B4: Dng chut tri gp (trc tip vo cc chi tit) t bn v chi tit sang bn v lp
d) Nghin ca bn v Drawing . Khi c cc bn v chi tit ca cc chi tit hoc cm chi tit th vic to lp bn v Drawing c thc hin theo cc bc sau . B1: M mt bn v Drawing cch m nh chn trn. B2: M bn v chi tit hoc cm chi tit cn v cc bn v hnh chiu. B3: Trn thanh cng c Window chn Window / (Tile Horizontally hoc Tile Vertically). B4: Dng chut gp vo biu tng trn bn v lp hoc bn v chi tit chuyn sang bn v Drawing .
Chng 4: Tm hiu v phn mm MasterCam 9 gii thiu v Master Cam Mill 9.0 Thit k c s h tr ca my tnh (CAD) v sn xut c s tr gip ca my tnh (CAM) v ang ci thin trnh t ng ho qu trnh sn xut. T nay, nh sn xut khng cn phi mt thi gian cng nh tr tu gii cc phng trnh ton hc cho cc vn nh s tip xc ca cc ng, tm cc giao im, cc giao din, cc v tr trung tm s dng my tnh cng cc phn mm ng dng vo vic thit k ho, to cc chng trnh iu khin s gip cho ngi ta d dng nhn dngduwowcj cc kt qu ngay tc th . CAD/CAM cho php tit kim thi gian, tin bc v tn dng cc c hi trong sn xut bi tnh nng hiu qu v chnh xc. Master Cam l phn mm tng hp CAD/CAM nhm thit k ho, chun b cc chi tit my , hon tt kt cu chi tit , m NC. Master Cam chnh l m hnh CAD ca phn mm CNC. Master Cam to ra cc k t, cc ghi ch kch c trong bt k mt phng hay hnh nh no theo h thng o lng quc t . Trong khi thit k ngi s dng c th t ng xoay chuyn vt th ghi li ton b nh phng i v to ra cc
nh mi. H thng ny c kh nng thit k ho mt cch tng qut , bao gm cc im, cc hnh cung, ng cong, b mt cc ng elip v phn loi ch. Master Cam 9.0 l s nng cao ca phn mm Master Cam trc nh Master Cam 6.0, 6.1phn mm ny cng gii thiu phn tip xc, gii thch h thng vn hnh, cc chi tit hiu qu v cho chng ta nhng li ch thch gip cng vic hiu qu hn. Do cc ng dng c bit ca Master Cam m n dang v s tr thnh phn mm ng dng mnh nht trong sn xut c kh. Vit Nam hin nay , do trnh pht trin c kh cn cha cao, hn na do vn u t cha nhiu nn vic s dng my mc, trung tm gia cng iu khin theo chng trnh s cn rt hn ch. Vic p dng Master Cam vo sn xut v vy cng hn ch theo. Hu nh vic a Master Cam vo sn xut mi mc th nghim. Giao din Master Cam
Mn hnh Master Cam c chia thnh hai phn l: vng thc n v vng hnh ho. chn mt thc n ngi s dng c th di chuyn con tr ti ri nhn chut tri la chn hoc dng bn phm nh vo ch ci c vithoa hoc gch chn trn mn hnh (Do Master Cam c mi trng c nh hng r rng, v th tt c cc chc nng trong Master Cam c th dng con chut iu khin. Tuy nhin c mt s c tnh bt buc phi s dng bn phm iu khin. Cc chc nng ca Master Cam thng thpngf u c th iu khin bng bn phm cng nh chut). Vng hnh ho hin th nhng g ngi s dngu thit lp c. Trn vng ny cn c mt s thanh cng c (Toolbar ) l mt dy cc nt ngang bng biu tng hoc s nhn ra cu lnh. S cc nt ny ph thuc vo thit b kim sot trong my tnh, tuy nhin nut u tin lun l nt hin th trang trc, nt cui cng chuyn ti trang tip theo. Trn giao din Master Cam khi mi khi ng xut hin logo ca chng trnh sau l phn giao din nh miu t trn. y thy bng thc n miu t h thng. -Main menu:Bng thc n chnh trong bao hm cc lnh c miu t sn. -Analyze: cho php hin th tt c cc thng tin tng i v mt im, ng , hnh cung, ng tip xc ho chiu trn mn hnh vi cc la chn.
+Point +Contour +Only
: Cho php hin th d liu v im c la chn : Hin th d liu v nhm thc th kt ni : Hin th d liu v mtloi thc th c la chn. : Hin th d liu v khong cch gia hai im la chn.
+Between pts
+Angle
:Hin th d liu v gc gia hai ng thng c la chn
+Dynamic
: Hin th d liu v mt thc th s dng mi tn ng
+Areacales
: Cung cp cc tnh ton v cc d liu khai thc cho mt contour kn v cc b mt.
+Attributes
: Hin th thng tin v cc i tng la chn tng t.
+Surtcurrve
: cho php phn tch cc mt cong.
+ Test noms
: Hin th cc thng tin bnh thng v cc b mt.
+ Basesurf
: Kim tra cc b mt c bn bn nh du hay tm bt k b mt no.
+Setnorm
:t cc mc bnh thng cho la chn b mt theo hng tng ng Cplane.
File: Cho php ngi s dng lu, gi cc thng s hnh hc v giao tip vi cc thit b ngoi vi, la chn file t main menu ta c cc la chn sau:
- New - Edit - Get
: Cho php khi to mt file mi. : Cho php ngi s dng sa i cc file. : ngi s dng c mt file t a ra mn hnh.
- Merge - List
: Cho php kt hp hai file thng s hnh hc. : Cho php hin th mt danh sch file.
- Save - Save some - Browse
: Lu ton b thng s hnh hc vi a. : Lu mt vi thng s hnh hc. ; Cho php ngi s dng nhn cc thng s hnh hc trong cc file theo ng dn nh.
- Converters
: Cho php ngi s dng nhp mt file khi to dng khcca Master Cam.
- Delfile
: Cho php ngi s dng xo mt file trong my tnh t Master Cam.
- Print - Dosshell
: Cho php in mt file. : Cho php ngi s dng MS DOS t trong Master Cam
- Ram saver
: ngi s dng ti u ho RAM ca h thng v d liu ca Master Cam.
- Hardcopy
: Cho php ngi s dng in vng hoca Master Cam.
- Comunic
: ngi s dng chuyn giao hay nhn mt file s dng cng m phng.
- Renumber
: Cho php t ng t li lnh trong Master Cam
Xform: Cho php ngi s dng thay i v tr, nh hng vkch c ca cc thc th c sn v v cc thc th. Cc kiu thay i l i xng, t l , tnh tin
C nhiu c tnh ca Xform nh: - Number of step: Cho ngi s dng nh ngha c bao nhiu ln thc hin c tnh xform. - Move : La chn ny ngi s dng chuyn thc th cn
thay i ti mt vng khc. Master Cam s ri thc th t vng c. - Copy : Chc nng ny cho php ri thc th nh move, tuy
nhin n gi li thc th gc. - Join : La chn ny ging copy, tuy nhin khi thc hin t
ng vi cc im cui ca cc thc th bng ng thng. Nu ngi s dng chn Xform trong main menu s c cc la chn sau: + Mirror cc : Chc nng ny cho php ngi s dng ly i xng thng s hnh hc hay cc thc th v qua cc
trc X,Y hay mt i xng gng. + Rotate
ng thng bt k no khc bng cch ly
: Chc nng ny cho php ngi s dng quay cc
thng s hnh hc hay thc th. + Scale : Chc nng ny cho php ngi s dng tng hay
gim kch thc thc th thng qua t l ti mt im gc no . + Translate : c tnh ny ngi s dng sao chp thng s hnh hc hay thc th v m kch thc thc th khng thay i ch thay i duy nht to ca n. + Offset : Cho php ngi s dng ri hay copy mt thc th
t chnh n. Khi Master Cam ri n Cplane hin hnh ti chiu su ca chnh thc th. Khi mt cung c dch chuyn bn knh ca n s tng hay gim ph nthuc vo hng dch chuyn vo trong hay ra ngoi. + Offset contour : c tnh ngi s dng dch chuyn cc thc th c kt ni. + Group : c tnh ny cho php to ra nhm s la chn cho
cc thc th v vy ngi s dng c th thc hin tt c cc thc th trong nhm bng cng mt lnh. + Base surf : Kim tra cc b mt c bn nh du hay tm bt k mt b mt no. + Set narms : t cc mc bnh thng cho la chn b mt theo hng tng ng vi Cplane. + Stretch : cho php ngi s dng tnh tin thc th v ko
ng tng ng vi mt ca s la chn. Ngi s dng c th dng ca s hnh a gic hay hnh ch nht la chn cho thc th.
+ Roll: c tnh ny cho php ngi s dng cun mt thc th hay rui thng n ra theo mun. - Create: cho php ngi s dng to thm hnh vo c s d liu v v ln mn hnh. Do y l mt menu c bit quan trngnn dnh mt chng ring miu t. - Modify : cho php ngi s dng thay i cc thc th trn mn hnh vi cc la chn: + Fillet : cho php ngi s dng v trn cc gc gia hai
ng thngtheo mt bn knh. + Trim + Break : Ct phn ko di ca mt thc th . ; cho php chia cc ng, cung,thnh nhiu hn
hai phn bng cc nt im. + Join : S dng chc nng ny hu b chc nng thay
di ph v. Chc nng ny cho php ngi s dng khi to mt ng t hai ng, mt cung t hai cung, cc thc th khng cn phn chia bi nh mc chung. + Normal mt. + Control point nurbs: c tnh cho php sa i im iu khin ca b mt v ng cong nurb. + Extend + Drag : cho php ngi s dng ko di mt thc th . : cho php ngi s dng c th dch chuyn, quay v : c tnh ny cho ngi s dng sa i hng b
ko di thc th . Delete: cho php ngi s dng xo mt thc th hay mt nhm cc thc th trn mn hnh v trong c s d liu ca h thng. Do c tnh ca Master Cam mi thc th c th c mt kiu cu trc
d liu ring. V vy bn c th ch nh Master Cnho hay khng xo mt nhm thc th theo cc la chn sau:
- Chain: cho php ngi s dng xo mt thc th sau khi kt ni. - Duplicate : cho php xo cc thc th c c tnh tng t nhau. - Only - Group -Result : cho php gii hn thc th xo. : La chn xo mt nhm thc th . : cho php mt nhm kt qu. Mt kt qu l
mt hay mt nhm cc thng s hnh hc c to thnh do ngi s dng di chuyn t ni khc ngi s dng. - Window ca s. - Intersect window : cho php xo cc thc th ct ca s do ngi s dng to nn trn mn hnh. : cho php bn xo mt nhm thc th trong hay ngoi
Screen: cho php ngi s dng v hnh trn mn hnh, thay i mu, cp hin thi, hin th cc im cui ca thc th v thay i kch thc m hnh c biu din y l mt c tnh c rt nhiu ng dng cho qu trnh xy dng vt th vi cc la chn sau:
- Configure : cho php ngi s dng t cc biu th ca Master Cam, khi la chn ny c thc hin, h thng s hin th mt ca s, trn cha ng nhiu la chn v cc c trng iu chnh ngi s dng d dng t ch iu chnh cho Master Cam nh Open, Save, Status,System - Statistics : cho php ngi s dng lit k ra tt c cc thc th thy c End point. c tnh ny v mt trong hai im u ca thc th , la chn Yes gi chng, la chn No xo chng. - Clear Color: c tnh ny lm sch cc nhm v kt qu t b nh.
- Change color: cho php ngi s dng thay i thng s mu hin hnh ca thc th thnh mu h thng. - Change levels hay mt : cho php bn thay i cch ch nh ti mt
nhm thng tin.
- Surface display : cho php ngi s dng thay i hin th b mt trong Master Cam. La chn ny t sau khi hin th b mt. - Shade - Blank : cho php ngi s dng t bng thc th . : Lnh nyc s dng lm trng hay khng lm
trng thc th (lm trng l xo i khi mn hnh nhng vn tn ti trong h thng d liu) - Visible levels: La chn nt ny Master Cam hin th cc lp c th nhn thy c. - Center : La chn ny cho php ngi s dng chuyn tm
mn hnh ti im la chn. - Fit s k thut. - Zoom : c tnh ny cho php ngi s dng phng to mt : cho php ngi s dng t ng in y cc thng
phn ca cc thng s hnh hc. - Un zoom : cho php ngi s dng thu nh thc th quan st tng th. - Regenerate : cho php bn hin th ton b thng s hnh hc trn mn hnh mt cch nhanh chng .
- To clipboard: cho php ngi s dng sao chp tt c cc thng s hnh hc trn mn hnh vi clipboard ca Windows.
- Combine view: cho php ngi s dng chuyn v cch nhn tng qut. - View port : cho php ngi s dng thay cch nhn gia cc hnh chiu khc nhau. - Plot : chc nng ny cho php bn in tt c cc hin th
tren mn hnh. Toolpaths: cho php ngi s dng bo cho h thng t ng lp trnh to ng dn dng c cho qu trnh gia cng. y l mt kh nng c bit ca Master Cam . Khi la chn tool paths t main menu, Master Came yu cu ngi s dng nhpd liu v dao, b mt ,hng tin dao, gi chung l phng php gia cng. Master Cam s ch nh ngi s dng vo mt file NCI nh ngha ng dn dao v kim tra d liu dch d liu ny sang NC. - Accept prompt: Hi thng hin th ny ch sau miln tnh ton v a ra mt ng dn dao. Khi bn la chn Yes ng vi ng dn dao a ra v No la chn li ng dn dao. - End program: y l bc cui cng trc khi gi d liu v ng dn dao. Ti b x l dch ra chng trnh NC
NC utils: thu nhp cc ng ch dng c NC. Exit: thot khi h thng The secondy menu(thc n th cp) Trn thc n th cp (thy c khi nhy chut vo other main manu) ta co cc la chn sau : PM: cho php ngi s dng thit lp cc tham s ho ton phn Z: cho php ngi s dng thay i hoc la chn su hin thi . s thit lp su hin thi .gi tr cn c th xc nh bng cch chn mt im hin c. V d im cui ca mt dng hoc bng cch nh ch Z su nh ngi s dng mun s xut hin ngay sau khi ngi s dng n Enter . s thit lp su dc thay i mt cch t dng hu ht cc chc nng to trong D.
- Color: la chn ny cho php ngi s dng thit lp h thng mu hin thi . h thng mu dc s dng hin th bt k hnh ho mi dc thit lp no ( dng , hnh cung..)hoc t mt tp a khng c s h tr mu. h thng mu ca Master
Cam bao gm hai bng mu m ngi s dng c th chn cc mu t hai bng ny.
- Level:s la chn ny thit lp cp o h thng hin thi . h thng hin thi dc s dng d tr bt k hnh mi c tao ra hoc ti t mt a khng c cp . c tnh ny thit lp dc khng 256 cp trong master Cam.
- Gview: cho php quan st hhnh v gc chun t ta c th dwx dng hn trong vicj quan st hnh v - Cancel/OK : nhn cancel b qua bt k s thay di no c thc hin trong ca s Level v thot khi level Nhn OK chp nhn s thay i v thot ra khi level - Mast : la chn ny cho pho thit lp che ca h thng vi la chn off. H thng nhn ra tt c cc thc th trong c s d liu. - Cplane: la chn ny cho php ngi s dng xc dnh mt mt phng m trn ngi s dng s to hnh. y l mt c tnh quan trng gip ngoi s dng nhanh chng dng c cc thc th trn cc b mt khng phi mt chun.
- Display/exit : cho php ngi s dng thit lp cc cp hin th trong ca s ny. ca s ny cho php hin th hin thi cu cc cp vi cc la chn - Number 16 : HIn th 16 cp - Number all hin th tt c 256 cp . - Number used: hin th cc cp hin thi dang s dng bi la chn c hin th theo fomat s. - Names(all) hin th tt c cc cp c sn theo fomat tn. - Names(used) :hin th cc cp s dng biu din hnh di hin th format tn.

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Chng 1. Gii thiu sn phm nha

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Chy Khi Mi hiu

Du C t nng cao nhit

Nhit ph hu (ra nt) 0C 1,0 280 2,5 1,15 co ngt % Mt g/cm3

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3. C cu ng kn 7. Phu cp nhin liu 4. Vt 8. Hp tc

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* Pha 3: y sn phm ra ngoi.

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chng 2. Thit k khun nha

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Lng Lng Khun

2.2. Cc kiu khun c bn.

Phn kia l pha y, n chuyn ng trong khi

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lng M12x118 14. Cc y sn

phm 3x85 15. 16. ng k 30 Bu lng lc

lng M6x40 17. nc Vnh chn

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lng M12x32 20. 21. 22. u phun Bc dn hng Tr dn hng

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2.3.1. H thng cp nha.

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Knh nha hnh thang : cng c li nhng

Knh nha hnh thang c gc ln : khng

tt bng v n tn nhiu vt liu hn.

Knh nha hnh ch nht : khng nn dng

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Knh nha hnh bn nguyt v hnh cung :

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- Sn phm b cong vnh : i vi cc sn phm di c mt ming phun trung tm th sn

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Cung phun Knh nha

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2.4 Cng ngh ch to khun

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(Dng solidworks to lp bn v sn phm)

(Dng solidworks to lp bn v lp lng khun , li khun )

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chng 3. tm hiu phn mm solidwork2005

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V hnh ch nht c cnh phng bt k Parallelogram

v cc a gic u. thao tc vi lnh ny ta vao menu Tools\ SketchEntities\ Polygon

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Lnh: Offset Entities