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b mn dc hc qun s
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H ni - 2008.
Bi 1
gii thiu dng c v pha dung dch chun
(NaOH 0,1N; HCl 0,1N; AgNO3 0,1N v NaCl 0,1N).
I/ Cn: Nhiu loi cn:
- Cn phn tch chnh xc 0,1mg.
- Cn i hi:
+ ng: Ngha l khi ta cn 1 vt chun xc th cho kt qu ng vi
kt lun ca n.
+ Nhy: biu din bng s vch chia trn cn. Khi cn thng bng, ch
thm 0,1mg lm lch kim ch ca cn.
+ Tin: Tc l vi mt lng ta cn th cn ln troc v cn ln sau phi
cho kt qu lp li.
- Cn:
+ Kim tra cn: M 2 bn lng knh trc 5 - 10 pht lu thng
khng kh, kim tra 3 - 5 ln v tr
+ M hm cn nh nhng.
+ Mi khi thm, bt mu trn a cn phi hm cn.
+ Sau khi cn phi hm cn a v v tr s 0 v lm v sinh cn.
II/ Dng c o th tch:
1. ng ht:
- T th cc dng c o phi thng ng.
- Khi ht cht lng bao gi cng ht qu vch 2 3 cm, iu chnh
cht lng tha chy ra khi pipet, khi quan st phi vch ca pipet
ngang tm mt.
- t ng ht vo thnh bnh nh mc ri th vi tc 10ml/pht, git
cui cng chm vo thnh bnh nn, tuyt i khng c vy.
- Cch c kt qu: i vi dung dch khng mu c phn y ca
phn cong, dung dch c mu c phn pha trn ca mt lm.
2. Buret:
- T th dng c o phi thng ng.
- Bi vaselin vo kho Trnh lp l kho.
K=
BI 2
- Tin hnh: Trn 0,2 ml dung dch natri clorid 0,9% vi 0,2 ml dung dch km
uranylacetat (TT): xut hin ta kt tinh mu vng, soi trn kinh hin vi thy tinh th
hnh mt nhn mu vng lc nht
* Xc nh ion clo:
- Nguyn tc:
Cl + AgNO 3 = AgCl
+ NO 3AgCl + 2 NH3
= [Ag(NH3)2]+ ClPhc tan
- Ly 2 ml ch phm. Acid ho bng vi git acid nitric long (TT). Thm 0,5 ml
dung dch bc nitrat (TT): xut hin ta trng ln nhn. Ta khng tan trong cc acid
m tan trong dung dch amoniac.
2 ml cp
3 git HNO3 10%
3 git AgNO3 5%
trng ln nhn
AgNO3 0,1N
5 ml NaCl 0,9%
3 git CT K2CrO4
mu hng tht
- Tnh ton: 1 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,1N tng ng vi 0,005844 gam NaCl
0,005844 x V(AgNO3)
Hm lng =
x 100
VNaCl
- Yu cu: hm lng NaCl trong ch phm t 0,850% - 0,950%
BI 3
OH
OH
C6H12O6
P.t.l: 180,2
Tn khoa hc: D (+) glucopyranose.
Ch phm t yu cu trong chuyn lun "Thuc tim truyn" v cc yu cu sau y:
1. Tnh cht
Dung dch trong sut, khng mu.
2. nh tnh.
Ly 1ml thuc tim truyn, thm 5 ml thuc th Fehling. un si s xut hin ta ng (I) oxyd
c mu gch.
1x
1x
Ly chnh xc 1ml dung dch glucose 5%, chnh xc 10 ml dung dch I 2 0,1N, ly khong 10ml dung
dch Na2CO3 5% cho vo bnh nn 250ml. Lc u ri cho vo bng ti khong 10 pht.
Ly bnh nn ra, acid ho dung dch nh lng bng 15ml dung dch H2SO4 10%, lc k.
Tin hnh nh lng bng dung dch Na 2S2O3 0,1N n khi chuyn mu vng rm (vng nht) th
thm 3 git CT h tinh bt vo chuyn mu tm en. Tip tc chun n khi dung dch mt mu.
Na2S2O3 0,1N
1 ml glucose 5%
10 ml I2 0,1N
10 ml Na2CO3 5%
15 ml H2SO4 10%, lc k
Khi dd mu vng rm th:
3 git CT h tinh bt
10 pht
Mt mu
=
Vglc
BI 4
KIM NGHIM THUC TIM CALCI CLORID 10%
- Cng thc: CaCl2
P.t.l: 272,7
L dung dch v khun.
Ch phm p ng cc yu cu trong chuyn lun "Thuc tim" v cc yu cu
sau y:
1. Tnh cht:
Dung dch trong, khng mu.
2. nh tnh:
Nguyn tc:
* Phn ng ca Ca2+:
CaCl2 + (NH4)2C2O4 CaC2O4 trng
Ta ny khng tan trong CH3COOH, tan trong HCl (TT)
* Phn ng ca Cl-:
Cl - + AgNO3 = AgCl
trng
Ta ny khng tan trong HNO3, tan trong NH4OH d (TT)
AgCl + NH3
= [Ag(NH3)2]
+ Clphc tan
Tin hnh:
2 ml CaCl2 10%
10 (NH4)2C2O4 4%
trng
2 AgNO3 2%
trng
CH3COOH 10%
d
HCl 10% d
tan
NH4OH 10% d
tan
O-C=O
Ca
CH2
N CH2 COONa
CH2
Tin hnh:
Ly chnh xc mt th tch ch phm tng ng vi 0,5g CaCl2, pha long vi nc
va 200 ml. Ly chnh xc 25 ml dung dch thu c, chun bng Na2EDTA
0,05M. Khi cn cch im tng ng 2 ml, thm 5ml dung dch NaOH 20% v 3
git Muexit (CT), tip tc chun ti khi dung dch c mu tm hay xanh.
1ml Na2EDTA 0,05M tng ng vi 7,35 mg CaCl2.2H2O
Yu cu: Hm lng CaCl2.2H2O t 95 105% so vi hm lng ghi trn nhn.
BI 5
KIM NGHIM THUC TIM PROCAIN HYDROCLORID
- Cng thc:
C 2 H5
H2 N
COOCH 2
CH 2
.HCl
C 2 H5
C13H20O2N2.HCl
P.t.l: 272,7
- Tn khoa hc: 2-(diethylamino) ethyl p-aminobenzoat monohydroclorid.
L dung dch v khun, c ng trng bng cch thm natri clorid.
Ch phm p ng cc yu cu trong chuyn lun "Thuc tim" v cc yu cu
sau y:
1. Tnh cht:
Dung dch trong, khng mu.
2. nh tnh:
Nguyn tc:
Phn ng to phm mu nit:
(Ar - N N)+ + Na+ + H2O
Ar - NH2 + NaNO2 + H+
Mui diazoni
HO
HO
(Ar - N+ N)
Mui diazoni
Naphtol
Ar - N = N
Phn ng clorid:
Cl -
+ AgNO 3
AgCl + 2 NH3
AgCl (trng)
+ NO 3-
NaOH 0,1N
10 ml ethylic 90o
3 git CT phenolphtalein
-> trung tnh ho
5 ml CHCl3
10 ml Novocain 2%
mu hng bn
BI 8
KIM NGHIM THUC TIM VITAMIN B12
BI 9
KIM NGHIM THUC M BENZOSALI
COOH
OH
COOH
Acid benzoic
Acid salicylic
L thuc m dng ngoi da c cha acid benzoic v acid salicylic trong cc cht nh ho thch hp.
Cng thc thuc m Benzosali
Acid benzoic (bt mn)
60g
30g
Cht nh ho
910g
NaOH
RCOONa
H2O
- Tin hnh: Ly 2g ch phm cho vo binh non, thm 150 ml nc, un nng nh cho
chy, thm 3 git ch th phenolphtalein. Chun bng NaOH 0,1N chun, ti khi dung dch
xut hin mu hng.
NaOH 0,1N
2g ch phm
150 ml nc nng
3 git CT phenolphtalein
mu hng
- Tnh kt qu: 1ml NaOH O,1N tng ng vi 0,01381 gam acid salicylic
1ml NaOH O,1N tng ng vi 0,01221gam acid benzoic
Trong 1 g ch phm c: + 0,06 g acid benzoic
+ 0,03 g acid salicylic
- Cng thc tnh:
Theo l thuyt th s ml NaOH 0,1N dng cho 2 gam m :
(4,3 + 2,5) x 2 = 13,6 (ml)
- Yu cu: s ml NaOH 0,1N dng cho 1 g ch phm l 6,7 7,6 ml
1 g ch phm cha:
+ 0,057g 0,063g acid benzoic (4,7 5,2 ml NaOH 0,1N)
+ 0,027g 0,033g acid salicylic (2,0 2,4 ml NaOH 0,1N)
BI 11
KIM NGHIM VIN NN BERBERIN CLORID
L vin nnn cha Berberin clorid.
Ch phm p ng cc yu cu trong chuyn lun "Thuc vin nn" v cc yu cu
sau y:
1. Tnh cht :
Vin mu vng.
2. nh tnh :
A.
Bt cha 0,1g cp,
10 ml H2O, un nng nh
Lc
5ml dch lc
+ 3 git NaOH
Mu cam
+ 5 git aceton
vng aceto berberin
Lc
trng, tan
trong NH3
2ml dch lc
+ vi git HNO3 10%
+ 3 git AgNO3 5%
Bt cha 0,05g cp,
2 ml HCl 10%, lc tan.
+ bt Cloramin T
B.
anh o
3. nh lng:
Tin hnh:
Dung dch th: Cn 20 vin, tnh khi lng trung bnh v nghin
thnh bt mn. Cn chnh xc mt lng bt vin tng ng vi khong
50mg Berberin clorid, thm 10ml nc thm u bt vin, sau thm
khong 100ml nc si, khuy k 5 pht, ngui ri chuyn vo bnh
nh mc 250ml, thm nc ti vch, lc u. lng t nhin hoc em
ly tm. Ly chnh xc 2ml dung dch trong trn em pha long vi nc
ct va 50ml.
Dung dch chun c pha tng t dung dch th, dng cht i chiu
berberin clorid.
o hp th ca dung dch th v dung dch chun trong cng iu kin
ti bc sng cc i 345nm (Ph lc 3.1) vi mu trng l nc ct, cc o dy
1cm.
Lu :
- tn thi gian ch ly tm hoc ch lng cn th ta tin hnh lc, b
10ml dch lc u tin hnh o dch lc cn li.
mtb
mt
50
mc
x 100
M
: Khi lng trung bnh vin m = 20