H v tn: CHU TH H MY

Lp: D3A

BO CO THC TP HA DC ***
Bi 1: IU CH NATRI CLORID DC DNG Mc tiu: iu ch c ch phm natri clorid dc dng t mui bp. Thng qua bi nhn thc c tp cht trong mt ch phm nguyn liu dc dng. Ni dung: I. Nguyn liu: Mui bp ly t bin Thnh phn mui bp: - NaCl chim khong 96-99% - Cc tp cht i km: Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ v cc kim loi khc, SO42-, Br-,I-v cc anion khc dng mui ha tan, cc cht hu c, tp khng tan. II. iu ch: A. Nguyn tc: - Loi tp hu c bng cch rang mui nhit 500-6000C - Loi tp khng tan bng ha tan mui ran vo nc v lc trong. - Loi cc kim loi bng kt ta dng carbonat vi Na2CO3, lc trong. - Trung tnh ha dch lc v pH 6,8-7,1 bng HCl 10% - C ui nc thu NaCl kt tinh, li lng nc t khong 1/5 th tch ban u - Loi tp SO42- bng cch ra tinh th NaCl trn my ht chn khng. - Sy kh sn phm 1000C, cn tnh hiu sut. B. Tin hnh iu ch: Theo cc bc sau: 1. Cn 40g mui bp rang k, ha tan vo lng nc va c dung dch gn bo ha. Lc s b qua giy lc,tip theo lc trong. 2. Kt ta kim loi t dch trong bng dung dch Na2CO3 10%. a. Thm d lng dd Na2CO3: 20ml dch lc vo cc dung tch 50ml, un nng. Thm t t dung dch Na2CO3 10% (dng ng ong hoc buret) vo dch ang nng khuy u, n khi khng thy kt ta tip (lc giy vi git dung dch trong, nh dd Na2CO3 khng thy kt ta na) c th tch dung dch Na2CO3 10% tiu th cho 20ml dch lc mui. b. Tin hnh loi tp: - Cn c vo th tch dung dch Na2CO3 dng cho 20ml dch lc c lng trn, tnh cho tng th tch dch lc mui cn li. - un dch lc mui n nhit 50-600C thm t t, ng thi khy u n khi ta keo,lc chn khng ly dch lc trong,b ta. 3. Trung ha dch lc d loi kim loi: - dch lc trn ngui ri thm t t dung dch HCl 10% n khi pH 6,8-7,1(th bng cch nh 1 git dd trn giy th pH vn nng. Ch : nu qu tha acid HCl th iu chnh pH bng dung dch Na2CO3 10%.

4. C kt tinh NaCl th: - C nhit si dch mui d trung tnh ha trn, khuy u tinh th kt tinh NaCl c tinh th mn, vt dn tinh th NaCl vo phu lc chn khng. Khi lng nc t cn khong 1/5 th tch ban u th ngng ly mui. 5. Loi tp SO42- v cc tp ha tan khc: - Ht chn khng lm kh bt NaCl th, kt hp ra loi SO42- bng cch phun nc ct (tt hn bng dung dch NaCl tinh khit dc dng gn bo ha) th nc ra bng dung dch BaCl2 5% n khi ht kt ta trng. - Ht ro nc sn phm NaCl tinh khit, sy 1000C trong 3h, cn, bo qun trong l kn. 6. Tnh hiu sut theo nguyn liu rang kh. C. Kt qu: 1. Cn c mt lng: m0=40,05g 2. Thm d: 20ml dch lc cn 9,5ml Na2CO3 Dch lc cn li l 90ml 3. Khi lng giy lc: mgiy lc = 0,51g 4. Khi lng cn c: m=4,4675g 5. Tnh hiu sut theo nguyn liu rang kh. H=

cn

ml Na2CO3

9,88

D. Kt lun: vy hiu xut iu ch NaCl dc dng l 10% E. Nhn xt kt qu: Hiu xut iu ch thp do khi tin hnh bc 5 ra qu nhiu lm gim ng k khi lng mui dn n hiu sut thp. F. Ch : bc 3 tin hnh th nghim: nu cho d HCl th phi iu chnh li pH bng lng Na2CO3 thch hp v nu HCl d tuy khng nh hng n kt qu nhng s gy c cho ta khi tin hnh cc bc tip theo l c cn kt tinh (HCl bay ln khi c cn ht phi gy c).