Thi Cong Zamil

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Trng i hc kin trc h ni

Khoa xy dng
phn
thi cng 20%
gio vin hng dn: PGS L Kiu
sinh vin thc hin: L Tun Dng
Lp: 97X4
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 1
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Phn thi cng

Phn 1 Cng ngh thi cng.
I.
Cng tc chun b trc khi thi cng.
1. S lc v mt bng tng th
Cng trnh nm trn mt khu t rng v bng phng nn khng
phi san lp trong qu trnh thi cng.
2. c im v a cht thu vn
Theo bo co kt qu kho st a cht cng trnh giai on thit
k k thut:
Mt ct a cht cng trnh nh sau:
0 1,4 m.
Lp t lp.
T 1,4 4,5 m.
Lp st pha do cng.
T 4,5 10,5 m.
Lp st pha do mm.
T 10,5 20,8 m.
Lp ct bi cht va.
- Mc nc ngm su 2,5 m.
3. c im kt cu cng trnh
Cng trnh l nh cng nghip mt tng, kt cu mng cc b
tng ton khi, khung thp c sn sut ti nh my tnh tng on v
vn chuyn n lp ghp ti cng trng. Kt cu khung bao gm
ct v cc x ngang, dm cu trc, h ging mi, x g mi v cc lp
bao che.
Cng trnh c tng chiu di gn 190m, c 32 bc ct khung, mi
bc ct khung di 6m. Cng trnh c xy dng trn khu t rng v tng i bng phng v nm kh xa khu dn c cng nh cc cng trnh
khc. Kt cu khung ca cng trnh gm hai dng khung: Dng khung
th nht gm mt nhp c chiu di l 52,8m; Dng khung th hai c
ba nhp vi nhp chnh l 52,8m v hai nhp ph nm hai bn nhp
chnh c chiu di nhp l 12m. Khung lin kt khp vi mng.
Cng trnh c xy dng ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
lp bin php thi cng lp t khung thp

I. Cc phng n.
1. Phng n I.
Theo phng n ny, ct c lp dng trc sau n lp x

ngang, qu trnh lp t x ngang c tin hnh lp bng my
kt hp th cng, trong khuch x ngang mi bng phng php
th cng l ch yu. Qu trnh thi cng c tin hnh nh sau:
H x c chia thnh cc m un nh, trong cc m un c
khuch i trn mt bng v dng cn trc cu lp theo ng cc
v tr thit k.
Phn x gia c lp trc tip trn v tr lm vic ca n. Tc
l c khch i di v c cu ln dng. Lc h sn cng tc
c dng lp bng gio PAN ph hp cao trnh tnh ton phc
v cho cng nhn trong qu trnh thi cng.
Phn x gm 5 m un c lin kt vi nhau sau khi cu t vo
v tr lm vic tr thnh h cng to iu kin cho thi cng phn
gia dn.
Trnh t lp ghp s dng phng php lp ghp tng hp lp
ghp cng trnh.
2. Phng n 2
- Chia x ngang thnh hai m un, cc m un c khuch i trn

nh cu a vo v tr lp ghp, lp t mt h sn cng tc
gia lp ghp hai m un x vi nhau.
- Cng tc cn chnh phi yu cu ng k thut.
- Trnh t lp ghp cng s dng phng php lp ghp tng hp.
- Trong c hai phng n khi lp ghp lp ghp khung nhp ph
khung u c khuch i ct v x trc khi cu lp.
II. nh gi phng n
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
1. Phng n 1
u im:
Ch s dng cn trc loi nh, cc cu kin c a vo lp ghp
nhanh. Vic cn chnh cc m un d dng do trng lng cc m un
nh so vi vic cu lp, lin kt bu lng nhanh.
Nhc im:
- Vic lin kt cc bu lng i hi chnh xc cao, nhiu trng hp
xy ra khung b vng ln sau khi lp dng so vi tnh ton l rt
nhiu, nguyn nhn chnh l do sit bu lng khng cht v khi
lng kt cu tng i ln so vi ngi lp dng, v th sai s trong
trng hp ny l rt nhiu (sai s cng dn). Thi gian lp dng
khung v thi gian s dng cu nhiu v s lng kt cu tng i
ln.
- S lng dn gio c s dng trong phng php ny ln do phi lm
sn cng tc x, v nhiu sn cng tc ph v cng nhn khi thi
cng ti nhiu v tr lin kt.
- Dung sai theo phng php ny l tng i ln (sai s cng dn ) tuy
ta hn ch bng cch thng xuyn kim tra s hnh hc ca
khung.
2. Phng n 2
u im:
Qu trnh khuch i trn mt t c tin hnh thun li hn so
vi lp dng trn cao, khi lp dng trn mt t chnh xc hn
gim vng cho php trong qu trnh thi cng.
Lp cc m un trn mt t cn gip cho cng tc cn chnh
m bo thun li, an ton v chnh xc.
Ch s dng mt h sn cng tc ti v tr gia nhp ca khung.
- Sai s cng dn khi tin hnh lp ti v tr lm vic l nh.
- Thi gian s dng cu ngn hn do vic s lng m un t.
Nhc im:
- Trng lng m un ln hn, vic cu lp phc tp hn v phi m
bo n nh khung trong qu trnh cu, trong trng hp ni lc
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
trong qu trnh cu lp vt qu kh nng chu lc ca khung (ngoi

mt phng un) khung cn phi c gia cng.
- Bin php an ton lao ng cn i hi cao.
Tuy nhin mc ch cui cng ca cng tc lp ghp l m bo
t c chnh xc cao ng thi tit kim thi gian thi cng.
Nhng kh khn v h chng v cu lp c gii quyt d dng
trong iu kin khoa hc k thut hin i.
T vic nh gi nh trn, i vi cng trnh ny ta chn phng n 2

thi cng.
III. nh gi phng php lp ghp.

Hai phng n lp ghp c a ra trn u dng phng php lp
ghp tng hp (tp trung, my trc lp ghp cc cu kin khc nhau
trong mt lt i, ti mt v tr ng ca my my trc c th lp t
c nhiu loi kt cu khc nhau nh: Ct + x ngang + dm +cc lp
bao che tc l hon thnh lp ghp thnh mt on hon chnh.
+ p dng phng php ny cho thi cng cng trnh v:
- y l mt cng trnh bng kt cu thp in hnh.
- Nu s dng phng php lp ghp tun t th cu phi di
chuyn phc tp do vng phi cc dy neo ca ct (ct lin kt khp
vi mng, nn sau khi lp ct phi c h thng dy neo gi).
- Cng trnh c dm cu trc treo trn x.
u im ca phng php:
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- ng i ca cu trc ngn
- Mau chng a cng trnh vo s dng.
- C th a cc loi cu kin nh, vt kiu nh ln cao bng h
thng ti.
Nhc im ca phng php:
- V phi lun thay i thit b treo buc nn nng sut lp ghp
s thp.
- V phi iu chnh cc lo kt cu khc nhau trong cng mt lc
nn kh khn.
- V chn cu trc treo nhiu loi trng lng kt cu nn hiu sut
s dng cn trc l thp.
(So snh vi phng php khc th nhng khuyt in ny nh v c
th khc phc c).
S dng hai cu trc chy song vi nhau gia nhp ca cng trnh
trong qu trnh lp ghp.
IV. Bin php thi cng
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
1. Tng qut v phng php thi cng

Qu trnh thi cng lp dng khung c tin hnh nh sau:
a) Thi gian thi cng
Thi im thi cng lp ghp khung l sau khi b tng mng t cng cho php lp ghp.
b) Trnh t lp ghp:
Trc tin lp dng ct (sau khi khuch i cc m un ca ct). Hai
cu hai bn ng thi lp dng hai ct. Sau lp dng cc m
un x c khuch i. Khung c lp t u tin cn phi c
neo gi bng h thng dy neo m bo cho khung ng tim ct.
Sau khi lp khung th hai song cn tin hnh lp dng dm cu
trc lun. Sau bt u lp ging, x g v cc tm cch nhit,
bao che.
c) H thng chng
Lp dng m khung cn lp t 3 sn cng tc ba v tr:
hai ct hai bn v mt sn cng tc gia phc v lin kt x vi ct v
cc m un x vi nhau.
H gio s dng gio PAN t trn cc tm thp dy 2 cm m
bo khng ln khi thi cng, gio PAN c chng thnh hp c s dng
cc thanh ging bng thanh ng lin kt vi gio bng cc kho ng
xoay m bo n nh trong thi cng. H gio , sn cng tc
v cc tm thp lt c chuyn n phc v cho khung th 3 khi
khung th 1 c lin kt xong
d) Mt bng b tr cc cu kin lp ghp
Cc cu kin c b tr trn mt bng m bo thun li cho cn
trc lm vic. Chn v tr ng ca cn trc theo yu cu ti 1 v tr
ng, cn trc lp c t nht mt m un ca h x. ng thi cn
trc khng phi thay i v tr khi tin hnh cu lp t cc m
un.
2. Qu trnh thi cng
a) Phn chia cc m un x:
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Vic phn chia cc m un c tin hnh theo yu cu thun li

trong thi cng cu lp v lin kt trn cao, m bo cc v tr lin kt
c lin kt hon ton trn mt t, khi lin kt trn cao ch lin kt
ti mt v tr gia v hai u ct cc thanh dn. ng thi trng lng
cc m un tng i ng u. Cc m un c chn theo hnh v.
Tnh ton trng lng ca cc m un khi cu lp ta tnh n trng

hp bt li nht ca ti trng.
Khi lng ct:
Ct ca khung l loi ct thay i tit din ca c bn cnh v bn
bng ct nn trng lng ca ct xc nh theo cc bn v kt cu
(thng k thp).
- i vi ct khung nhp chnh (ct trc 2 v trc 11)
Da vo bng thng k thp ca khung ta c trng lng ct (bn v
kt cu KC-04) bao gm cc s hiu: 2+4+5++14+15+18:
Gct1=110,71+26,44+328,6+210,38+224,51+11,6+11,16+147,32+580,9
0+1084,71+563,63+15,08+16,95+18,81+20,68+121,37=
=3492,85kg 3,5 tn.
- i vi ct nhp ph (Ct trc 1 v trc 12)
Tng t nh trn da vo bng thng k thp trng lng ct (gm cc s
hiu 2+3++9+10):
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Gct 2=70,65+13,93+454,99+376,8+334,41+4,69+5,75+6,82+61,42=
=1322,64 kg =1,32 tn.
Khi lng m un x:
M un x c chia nh hnh v bn trn:
Da vo bng thng k thp (gm cc s hiu: 17+19+20++40):
Gx1 =14,98+704,93+162,13+128,7+1312,76+689,23+93,13+19,35+
17,9+16,44+13,55+113,43+51,36+64,2+469,43+794,58+467,86+
59,66+263,76+527,52+268,47+112,26= 6365,63 kg 6,4 tn
i vi x nhp ph gm cc s hiu: 1122
Gx2=72,67+696,11+547,93+546,83+41,4+7,18+6,24+5,7+5,15+
+5,02+4,07+3,93= 1395,4 kg 1,4 tn.
b) H sn cng tc:
S dng gio PAN c lp theo khi c cc thanh ging bng thp
ng lin kt bng cc kha thanh ng. H gio chng c t trn cc
tm thp dy 2 cm m bo khng ln trong thi cng. Gio PAN
c kch thc hnh hc:
Rng 1,2 m cao 1,8 m.
u im ca gio PAN:
- Kt cu gn nh.
- Chu c ti trng ln.
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- Lp rp v s dng n gin.
- t chng loi cu kin nn thun tin trong cng tc qun l.
S tng gio PAN cn cho h sn cng tc gia l 9 tng, cho
h sn cng tc hai bn ct l 8 tng. Cc kch thc hnh hc c
th hin trn hnh v trn.
c) Dn nng:
Trng lng cu kin khng nng nhng do cu kin chu lc theo
phng ngoi mt phng un khng ln, gim ng sut ph trong
qu trnh thi cng cu lp ta s dng h dn nng m bo n
nh cho cu kin. Dn nng c m hiu: 195946R-11 dng nng
dn ko c cc thng s:
- Trng lng vt nng gii hn [Q] = 25 T.
- Trng lng bn thn: G = 1,75 T,
- Chiu cao treo dn htreo = 3,6 m.
Dn nng c b tr m bo treo m un ti nhiu im nhm
phn phi nh cc lc tc dng vo m un. B tr nh trn hnh v.
d) Cp nng:
Do lp ghp theo phng php tng hp nn tnh ton cc cu
kin nng ta ch tnh i vi cu kin c trng lng ln nht.
Theo tnh ton khi lng cu kin trn th khi lng mt m un
x l ln nht, trng lng ca mt m un x ngang theo tnh ton l:
6,4 tn.
Dng cp si mm: 6 37 + 1.
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
c im: mi si c = 0,5 1,5mm. L loi cp kh mm d

un. Cp c tnh ton chn cho 2 nhim v khc nhau:
Chn cp nng m un t dn nng:
Ni lc trong mi nhnh dy cu c tnh theo cng thc:

S=
G
m n cos
Trong cc thng s:
- Trng lng vt nng theo tnh ton: G = 6,4 tn.
- n = 4 - s nhnh dy cu.
- m = 0,75 - h s khng iu ho trong cc nhnh dy khi n = 4
dy.
= 200 gc nghing ln nht ca cp so vi phng thng ng
(dy thng ng).
S=
G
6400
=
= 2270,25KG
m n cos 0,75 4 cos 20 o
Lc thit k ca dy cp c tnh:
R = K S = 5,5 2270,25 = 12486,35 KG.
Vi k = 5,5 - h s an ton ly tng ng vi dy cp nng vt ca
my ti chy bng ng c trung bnh.
Chn cp mm cu trc 6 37 + 1 c cc thng s:
- ng knh cp: d = 22 mm.
- Trng lng mt di cp : q = 1,65 Kg/m
- Lc lm t dy cp: Nk = 20050 KG.
- Cng chu ko ca si thp: R = 140 KG/mm2.
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
e) Chn cn trc:
Chn cn trc da trn trng lng ca cu kin gm: trng lng m
un, trng lng dn nng, trng lng cp nng. ng thi tm vi v
chiu cao nng vt c m bo. Chiu cao nng vt c tnh bao
gm chiu cao t cu kin, khong cch an ton gia cu kin v
im t, chiu cao dn nng, chiu di cp nng v kch thc
hnh hc ca vt nng. Tm vi ca cn trc c tnh m bo
khong cch an ton gia cn trc v vt nng, gia cn trc v cng
trnh. ng thi khi lm vic, cn trc ch cn quay cn m khng
cn thay i tm vi, ti 1 v tr ng ca cn trc lp c nhiu
cu kin nht. ng thi i vi cng trnh ny cc m un mi c
kch thc ln, trng lng ln, cao trnh lp t ln nn m bo an
ton v thun tin trong vic a cc m un vo ng v tr lin
kt b tr 2 cn trc i dc theo nhp chnh cng trnh.
Tnh ton cu trc cho khung nhp chnh:

Tnh ton cu trc vi cu kin c trng lng ln nht v c chiu
cao t cu kin cao nht (m un x).
- Theo sc trc ta xc nh sc nng cu trc theo cng thc:
Q = Q o + q 1 + q2
Trong : Qo = 6,4 tn l trng lng bn thn ca cu kin;
q1 = 0 l trng lng ca vt gia c cu kin khi cu lp (nu cn
phi c);
q2 = 2 tn l l trng lng ca thit bi treo buc gm trng lng
ca h dn nng, trng lng cp nng.
Q = Q0 + q1 + q2 = 6,4 + 0 + 2 = 8,4 T.
- Chiu cao nng vt:

Chiu cao nng vt c tnh theo cng thc:
H = H 0 + h1 + h 2 + h3
Trong :
H0 = 14,4 m - cao trnh im t ca vt.
h1 = 1m chiu cao nng cu kin cao hn im t iu
chnh trong qu trnh lp ghp.
h2 = 4m chiu cao bn thn cu kin.
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
h3 = 6m chiu cao dng c treo buc.
H = H0 + h1 + h2 + h3 = 14,4 + 1 + 4 + 6 = 25,4 m.
- Tm vi ca cu trc:
Theo cng thc:
L = d + b;
d=e+r
Trong :
e khong cch an ton gia cn trc vi kt cu cng trnh
lp ghp gn nht, i vi cn trc t hnh ly e = 1 m.
r = 1,45 m khong cch t trc quay ca cn trc n mp ngoi
thn cn trc.
b = 3 m khong cch t v tr mc cu n mp cu kin.
d = e + r = 1 + 1,45 = 2,45 m.
L = d + b = 2,45 + 3 = 5,45 m.
Xt v tr ng ca cn trc tnh khong cch t im t
mc cu n trc quay ca cn trc nh sau:
R=
(L2 + a 2 ) = 5,45 2 + 14 2 ) = 15 m
Vi 14 m l khong cch t v tr cu n ct gn nht.
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Hoc c th tnh bn knh quay theo cng thc sau (xut pht t
vic cu lp khng c g ngn cn):
R=S+Rc
H yc
S= tg
Vi l gc nh nht gia tay cn v mt phng nm ngang (
y =60o);
Rc =1,5 2 m i vi cn trc t hnh (l khong cch t trc quay
n tay cn)
S=
25,4
= 13,545m
tg60 o
R=13,545 + 1,5 =15,045m

Chn cn trc theo cc thng s:
Q = 8,4 tn.
H = 25,4 m.
R = 15 m.
Chn cn trc: XKG-50 c cc thng s:
-
Chiu di tay cn L = 30m

R = 15 m.
Q = 12,5 tn
H= 26 m.
Tnh ton cu trc cho khung nhp ph:

Q = Q o + q 1 + q2
Trong : Qo = Gx 2 = 1,4 l trng lng bn thn ca cu kin;
q1 = 0 l trng lng ca vt gia c cu kin khi cu lp (nu cn
phi c);
q2 = 1,5 tn l l trng lng ca thit bi treo buc gm trng lng
ca h dn nng, trng lng cp nng.
Q = Q0 + q1 + q2 = 1,4 + 0 + 1,5 = 2,9 T.
- Chiu cao nng vt:

Chiu cao nng vt c tnh theo cng thc:
H = H 0 + h1 + h 2 + h3
Trong :
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
H0 = 8 m - cao trnh im t ca vt.

h1 = 1 m chiu cao nng cu kin cao hn im t iu
chnh trong qu trnh lp ghp.
h2 = chiu cao bn thn cu kin. V H 0 ly ti cao trnh nt trn
nn h2 = 0
h3 = 3 m chiu cao dng c treo buc.
H = H0 + h1 + h2 + h3 = 0 + 1 + 9,8 + 3 = 13,8 m.
- Tm vi ca cu trc:
R=S+Rc
H yc
S= tg
Vi l gc nh nht gia tay cn v mt phng nm ngang (
y =60o);
Rc =1,5 2 m i vi cn trc t hnh (l khong cch t trc quay
n tay cn)
S=
13,8
= 8m
tg60 o
R=8 + 1,5 =9,5 m

Chn cn trc theo cc thng s:
Q = 2,9 tn.
H = 13,8 m.
R = 9,5 m.
Chn cn trc t hnh bnh hi Kato: NK-250E-V c cc thng
s:
- Chiu di tay cn L = 17 m
- R = 12 m.
- Q = 4,25 tn
H= 15 m.
3. B tr mt bng thi cng
Cc cu kin c vn chuyn v khuch i ti cng trng, v c
b tr trn mt bng sao cho thun tin cho qu trnh thi cng, thun
tin cho vic cu lp cc cu kin lp ghp theo trnh t. xut
phng n lp ghp nh sau:
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- Ct c tin hnh khuch i u tin v c a vo lp ghp,

sau khuch i cc m un x, sau khi lp dng xong khung
th hai tin hnh lp dm cu trc v cc h x g, h ging mi
ging ct to thnh khung cng tin hnh thi cng cc khung
cn li thun tin hn.
- Cc cu kin nh dng ti a ln cao.
4. Bin php thi cng lp ghp
a) Bin php thi cng lp ghp ct
Chun b mng cho ct thp

Ct thp c lp trn mt mng btng c ti ch trong mng
c chn sn cc bulng ging. Ct c gn lin kt vo mng
bng cc bulng ging. Trong trng hp ny ct lin kt khp vi mng.
Chn trng hp t ct t ln trn mt sng ta bng thp
chn sn t vo ng cao trnh thit k. Cc giai on chun b
mng cho ct thp nh sau:
- Bu lng ging ct c hn sn mt bn thp va c tc dng nh
v tr bu lng, va c tc dng neo gi bu lng trong mng.
- Chun b mt on thp hnh (thp ch I hay on ray) lm sng
ta chn trong mng, on thp c hn sn vo bn .
- btng mng n v tr bn th dng li.
- t bn vo, sau t tm thp c tai ngang v inh vt
iu chnh ln trn. Chnh cho tim ca tm thp trng vi tim ca
mng.
- Dng my trc c (thu bnh) ngm cho mt trn ca bn
ng cao trnh thit k v gc nghing ca bn thp ng theo
gc nghing thit k (bng cch vn cc inh vt iu chnh).
- Rt va xi mng lp khe h gia y bn thp vi mt mng.
Ct thp t trn loi mng ny cn phi iu chnh tim theo hai
phng bo m thng ng ca ct theo hai phng theo yu
cu thit k. Gi n nh ca ct bng b g lp v cc dy vng.
Bin php thi cng lp ghp ct:

Cng tc chun b:
- Kim tra kch thc hnh hc ca ct.
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- Ly du tim theo hai phng v xc nh trng tm ca ct.

- Chun b cc thit b cn thit nh: Dy treo, n treo, kp ma
st, kho bn t ng.
B tr mt bng:
Sp xp ct trn mt bng chun b dng lp ct l mt
vic rt quan trng, n ph thuc vo mt bng cng trnh, vo tnh
nng cn trc c s dng v c bit n ph thuc vo phng php
dng ct lp ghp.
Khi mt bng khng c rng lm v khi sc nng ca cn trc
khng ln lm th ngi ta dng phng php ko l. Ngc li, khi mt
bng kh rng v khi sc nng ca cn trc ln hn hn trng lng
ca ct th ngi ta dng ct theo phng php quay.
V chn cu c sc cu ln hn so vi trng lng ct nn trn ta
chn phng php quay dng lp ct, cch b tr ct trn mt
bng theo phng php quay nh sau:
Ban u, dng ct t phng nm ngang ln phng thng ng
bng phng php quay u ct lm cho chn ct t ln cc t vt
(xp v tr mng). Sau cu nng bng ct ln v chuyn dn
v pha tim mng ri dn h vo v tr thit k ca n.
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Cch dng lp:

Trc khi lp ct vo mng ta phi dng ct t t th nm ngang
sang t th ng thng.
Ta chn v tr buc ct bng kho bn t ng hai bn cnh
pha u trn ca ct.
Dng cn trc nng dn u ct ln cao, cn chn ct th vn
gi nguyn ti v tr c cho n khi ct chuyn dn ti v tr thng
ng
Khi dng: B my quay chm v pha mng tay cn c gi
nguyn v dy cp nng mc cu c cun li c nng dn u ct
ln hoc cng c th tay cn c nng dn ln cn cp mc cu vn
cn gi nguyn. Do vy u ct c quay (chn ct vn gi nguyn
v tr c) dn ln pha mng cui cng ct n t th thng
ng bn cnh b mng.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 18
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Chnh ct:
Sau khi dng lp xong
ta c th dng cn trc
hoc kch (t vo on
thp c hn chn ct)
iu chnh. Kim tra
thng ng ca ct
bng dy di hoc bng
my kinh v theo cc ng
tim ghi trn ct v mng cho
trng hp bo m ct
vo ng v tr thit k
ca chng.
n nh ct (tm thi):
- Xit cht cc bulng
ging chn sn
mng vo chn ct.
- V chn ct l khp nn
ta phi ging thm pha
u ct bng cc dy neo theo hai phng dc v ngang ct. Cc
dy neo dc c buc vo cc mng bn cnh v cc dy neo
ngang c buc vo cc chn di t, cc dy treo phi c tng
iu chnh.
(Ch l ch c tho d cc dy neo khi ct c lin kt chc
chn vi cc cu kin khc nh h ging ct v x ngang).
b) Bin php lp ghp x ngang
Sau khi lp xong ct cn tin hnh lp ghp ngay cc h sn
cng tc phc v thao tc khi thi cng lp ghp x ngang.
Cng tc chun b:
- Vch ng tim ch ta ca dm mi vi ct.
- Chun b cc dng c iu chnh (n by), cc thit b c
nh tm
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 19
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- Gn vo u dm mi cc: Bu lng ging u x, dy thng

n nh trong khi lp ghp, cc thit b an ton v thit b
gia c, nu cn.
- Chun b khung treo, cc thit b treo buc.
B tr mt bng:
M un x c vn chuyn n cng trng v thng c khuych
i ti cng trng. M un x c bng cc thanh . V tr ca
dm trn mt bng phi b tr sao cho trng tm ca tng m un
x v v tr ng i ca cu phi cng nm trn mt ng trn. Cch
b tr x ngang trn cng trng xem hnh v di y:
Cch dng lp:

+T chc lp: B tr mt t lp dm khong 12 ngi, phn cng
c th nh sau:
- Bn ngi lm cng tc chun b, khi cu kin c nng ln th
bn ngi ny lm cng vic ko dy iu chnh.
- Su ngi khc c b tr ln sn cng tc, mi sn cng tc hai ngi
(t u ct, t gia nhp c thang ta vo ct cho ngi
tro ln) iu chnh cho cc m un x vo ng v tr thit
k.
- Ngi th 11 v 12 c nhim v nh tn hiu ch o vic lp
ghp.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 20
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
+ Cch lp: Thng theo trnh t sau y:

Kim tra cao trnh ca ct
Mc n treo cho m un, ng thi buc cc dy thng ko
iu chnh.
Lng cc bulng vo cc l lin kt x vi ct.
Hai cu tin hnh song song cng lp hai m un x, cu lp m
un x ln v nng dn ti ch lp.
Dng n by iu chnh hai u x theo tim u ct.
- lch v tim ct theo qui nh l khng vt qu 5cm.
C nh tm:
Khung u tin sau khi c lp t ln ct th phi tin hnh c
nh tm ngay bng cch:
- Vn cc bulng lin kt gia x v ct, gia cc m un x li vi
nhau.
- Dng dy cp buc vo mc cu ca x v neo vo cc neo c
chn sn di t (cc dy vng phi ging hai bn trnh ng
i ca cu v phi c tng iu chnh).
- Trn y l cch c nh tm ca khung c lp dng u tin. T
khung th hai tr i, ngi ta c nh bng cc thanh ging ngang
lin kt cc khung ln lp trc v sau vi nhau. Hai thanh
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 21
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
ging c mc kp vt, lin kt khp. Khi cu dm ln th mt u

thanh ging c kp vt vo thanh trn v u kia ca thanh ging
( buc sn mt dy thng) nm pha di.
- Khi lp khung xong th ngi ng trn phn mi bn khung lp
trc s ko dy thng ln v cp mc kp vt.
- Khi c nh tm h x ngang vo hai u ct v lin kt chng vi
nhau xong mi c tho g dy treo buc v gii phng cn trc.
C nh hn:
Ta c nh hn dm mi vo cc u ct bng cch xit cht
ton b cc bulng lin kt gia x ngang vi ct v cc m un x vi
nhau.
Cn ch khi sit cht cc bu lng do trng lng cc cu kin cu
lp tng i nng, m bo kht gia cc bn m ca m un
cn s dng cu cng tham gia nng mt u ln lm kht
bn m sau xit cht bu lng.
Ch c tho g cc dng c c nh tm cho khung sau khi lp
v hn xong t nht l bn thanh x g mi trn dm hoc sau khi
t xong nhng h ging c bit do thit k quy nh.
c) Bin php thi cng lp ghp dm cu trc
Tin hnh lp dng dm cu trc ngay sau khi lp dng song
khung th hai.
Do trng lng ca dm cu trc nh (sc trc nh Q=10 tn,
G=0,98 tn (c tnh gn ng)) nn s dng lun cu lp dng
khung lp dng dm cu trc.
y l dng cu trc treo gia nhp khung nn qu trnh cu lp
tng i phc tp v kh khn do phi lp dng khung xong mi lp
dm cu trc. V th cu trc phi ng ngoi khung cu lp,
cu trc phi m bo cc yu cu sau y:
- Cn phi chiu di m bo tm vi n v tr dm.
- Sc trc phi ln hn trng lng dm c th nhc bng dm
ln:
Ta thy vi loi cu trn m bo yu cu cu lp.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 22
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Cng tc chun b
- Vch tim trc ca cu trc v v tr lp dm vo khung.
- Cc thit b treo buc nh: kho bn t ng, cc dy treo, dy neo
gi v iu chnh
B tr mt bng
Cc dm cu chy phi theo dy, trng tm ca n nm trong
phm vi vi ca tay cn (ca cn trc).
Cc dng lp
Hai cu trc tin hnh lp dng song song dm cu trc hai
bn.
+ Mi bn lp dng cu trc cn mt t i 5 ngi c phn
cng nh sau:
- Hai ngi lm cng tc chun b, khi cu kin c nng ln th
hai ngi ny lm cng vic ko dy iu chnh.
- Hai ngi khc leo ln khung ( c lp dng xong) iu chnh
cho dm vo ng v tr thit k v lp rp cc bu lng.
- Ngi th nm c nhim v nh tn hiu ch o cng vic lp
dng.
+ Cc thc lp:
- Kim tra cao trnh v v tr tim ti v tr lin kt dm vi khung.
- Mc dy treo cho dm, ng thi buc dy ko iu chnh.
- Lng cc bu lng vo l lin kt dm vi khung.
- Kim tra mt phng theo phng ngang mt di ca dm tiv
tr lin kt ray bng my thu bnh (hoc bng Nivo).
- lch v tim v ct ca dm theo quy nh khng c qu
5mm.
C nh dm
n nh dm cu chy c tin hnh ngay sau khi iu chnh
v tim v ct (cu trc treo), tin hnh vn cc bu lng lin kt dm
vo khung.
Ch gii phng cu khi dm c c nh hn vi khung.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 23
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
d) Bin php thi cng lp ghp mi

Lp dng h thng mi v cc lp bao che ngay sau khi lp dng
dm cu trc v h ging ca cng trnh.
- Tin hnh lp h x g, do x g c trng lng nh nn vn
chuyn x g ln cao bng cu trc hoc bng h thng ti c
b tr trong qu trnh thi cng.
- X g c lp rp vo cc v tr ca khung c hn sn bn m
bng bu lng.
- Lp dng x g xong tin hnh lp cc tm cch nhit, tm mi.
e) Bin php thi cng lp ghp khung nhp ph
Cng tc chun b:
- Kim tra kch thc hnh hc ca ct.
- Ly du tim theo hai phng v xc nh trng tm ca ct.
- Chun b cc thit b cn thit nh: Dy treo, n treo, kp ma
st, kho bn t ng.
B tr mt bng:
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 24
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Sp xp ct trn mt bng chun b dng lp c b tr nh

hnh v bn ( y ct c cu theo phng php quay nh trng hp
trn):
Cc trng hp dng lp, iu chnh, n nh cng tng t nh

dng lp ct khung nhp chnh.
Trng hp dng lp x ngang do mt bng hp khng th b tr
cho cu quay c 90o nn cc b tr khc nhng cch dng lp cng tng t, chiu di x ngang nh v khng phi khuch i trc khi
dng lp. cch b tr nh hnh v.
V. Yu cu v k thut
1. i vi ngi lao ng:
- Vic lp ghp c tin hnh trn cao nn nhng ngi th lm
vic nh k phi c sc kho tt v phi c kim tra nh k.
- Mi khi c gi cp 6 tr ln, cng nh khi tri rt but hoc c sng m nhiu th phi nh ch cng tc lp gp.
- Phi cung cp cho ngi th lp ghp nhng trang thit b an
ton cn thit c bit l dy eo bo him (chu c lc tnh l
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 25
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
300 KG lc). Thng xuyn kim tra vic thc hin an ton lao ng
i vi ngi cng nhn.
- Cm mi trng hp i trn cc thanh dn.
- Cm cng nhn ng trn kt cu ang cu lp, hoc ln
xung bng thng ti hay cn trc.
2. Vi cp nng:
Thng xuyn kim tra dy cp nng, khi dy cp c si t th
phi c bit lu . Trong 1 bc bn ca dy cp nu s si dy thp
t chim ti 10 % th phi thay cp.
Dy cp phi c cun trong cc hp g v bo qun ni kh ro
trnh r, dy khng c b xon vng. Thng xuyn bi m
chng r v hn ch ma st bo mn trong v ngoi cp.
Khi s dng cp phi lu :
- Khng c dy cp ch st vo kt cu cng trnh, nht l
vo cc mp cnh ca kt cu thp.
- Khng c dy cp b bp do b kp hoc do cc vt nng
ln.
- Cc nhnh dy cp khng c st vo nhau khi lm vic.
- Khng dy cp chm vo dy in hn, nh vy s xy ra
hin tng on mch, lm chy cc si dy bn cp.
- Cc nt buc cp v lin kt mc treo ca cp phi m bo cc
yu cu v lin kt cng nh an ton trong s dng.
3. Vi cn trc:
- ng i ca cn trc phi cch xa cng trnh theo quy nh v
khong cch an ton.
- Phi m bo an ton ca cn trc khi ng v khi lm vic.
- Phi c cc bin php phng nga v cc thit b chng st hu
hiu cho cn trc cao.
- Cc mc cu phi c np an ton dy cu khng trt khi
mc cu khi lp ghp.
- Khi cu kin c n nh mi c tho r mc cu ra khi cu
kin.
4. Quy nh chung:
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Trang 26
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- Phi c thit b chng st cho cng trnh.

- Khng cho ng in chy qua khu vc lp ghp, nu bt buc
phi chy qua th ng in phi i qua cp bo him v chn
ngm di t.
- Cm mi ngi khng c nhim v i qua ni ang thi cng.
Phn 2 T chc thi cng

I. Mc ch v ngha ca cng tc thit k v t chc thi
cng:
1. Mc ch :
Cng tc thit k t chc thi cng gip cho chng ta nm c mt
s kin thc c bn v vic lp k hoch sn xut (tin ) v mt
bng sn xut phc v cho cng tc thi cng, ng thi n gip cho
chng ta nm c l lun v nng cao dn v hiu bit thc t
c trnh , ch o thi cng trn cng trng xy dng.
Tin thi cng l ti liu thit k lp trn c s nghin cu
k cc bin php k thut thi cng nhm xc nh trnh t tin hnh,
quan h rng buc gia cc cng tc vi nhau; thi gian hon thnh
cng trnh. ng thi n cn xc nh nhu cu v vt t, nhn lc,
my mc thi cng tng thi gian trong sut qu trnh thi cng.
Yu cu:
a) i vi bn thit k t chc thi cng: l phi.
- Nng cao c nng xut lao ng v hiu sut ca cc loi my
mc ,thit b phc v cho thi cng.
- m bo c cht lng cng trnh.
- m bo c an ton lao ng cho cng nhn v bn cho
cng trnh.
- m bo c thi hn thi cng.
- H c gi thnh cho cng trnh xy dng.
2. ngha :
Cng tc thit k t chc thi cng gip cho ta c th m nhim
thi cng t ch trong cc cng vic sau :
- Ch o thi cng ngoi cng trng.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 27
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- iu phi nhp nhng cc khu phc v cho thi cng:

+ Khai thc v ch bin vt liu.
+ Gia cng cu kin v cc bn thnh phm.
+ Vn chuyn, bc d cc loi vt liu, cu kin bn thnh
phm...
+ Xy hoc lp cc b phn cng trnh.
+ Trang tr v hon thin cng trnh.
- Phi hp cng tc mt cch khoa hc gia cng trng vi cc x
nghip hoc cc c s sn xut khc.
- iu ng mt cch hp l nhiu n v sn xut trong cng mt
thi gian v trn cng mt a im xy dng.
- Huy ng mt cch cn i v qun l c nhiu mt nh: Nhn
lc, vt t, dng c , my mc, thit b, phng tin, tin vn, ...trong
c thi gian xy dng.
Quan trng nht l phI m bo an ton cho ngi lm v cho

cng trnh xy dng
II. Ni dung & nhng nguyn tc chnh trong thit k t chc
thi cng:
1. Ni dung:
Cng tc thit k t chc thi cng c mt tm quan trng c
bit v n nghin cu v cch t chc v k hoch sn xut.
i tng c th ca mn thit k t chc thi cng l:
+ Lp tin thi cng hp l iu ng nhn lc, vt liu,
my mc, thit b, phng tin vn chuyn, cu lp v s dng cc
ngun in, nc nhm thi cng tt nht v h gi thnh thp nht cho
cng trnh.
+ Lp tng mt bng thi cng hp l pht huy c cc iu
kin tch cc khi xy dng nh: iu kin a cht, thu vn, thi
tit, kh hu, hng gi, in ncng thi khc phc c cc iu
kin hn ch mt bng thi cng c tc dng tt nht v k thut
v r nht v kinh t.
- Trn c s cn i v iu ho mi kh nng huy ng,
nghin cu, lp k hoch ch o thi cng trong c qu trnh xy
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
dng m bo cng trnh c hon thnh ng nht hoc vt

mc k hoch thi gian sm a cng trnh vo s dng.
2. Nhng nguyn tc chnh:
1/. C gii ho thi cng (hoc c gii ho ng b), nhm mc
ch rt ngn thi gian xy dng, nng cao cht lng cng trnh,
gip cng nhn hn ch c nhng cng vic nng nhc, t
nng cao nng sut lao ng.
2/. Nng cao trng tay ngh cho cng nhn trong vic s
dng my mc thit b v cch t chc thi cng ca cn b cho hp l
p ng tt cc yu cu k thut khi xy dng.
3/. Thi cng xy dng phn ln l phi tin hnh ngoi tri, do
cc iu kin v thi tit ,kh hu c nh hng rt ln n tc thi
cng. nc ta, ma bo thng ko di gy nn cn tr ln v tc hi
nhiu n vic xy dng. V vy, thit k t chc thi cng phi c
k hoch i ph vi thi tit, kh hu,...m bo cho cng tc thi
cng vn c tin hnh bnh thng v lin tc.
III. lp tin thi cng:
1. Vai tr ca k hoch tin trong sn xut xy dng.
Lp k hoch tin l quyt nh trc xem qu trnh thc
hin mc tiu phi lm g, cch lm nh th no, khi no lm v ngi
no phi lm ci g.
K hoch lm cho cc s vic c th xy ra phi xy ra, nu
khng c k hoch c th chng khng xy ra. Lp k hoch tin
l s d bo tng lai, mc d vic tin on tng lai l kh chnh xc,
i khi nm ngoi d kin ca con ngi, n c th ph v c nhng k
hoch tin tt nht, nhng nu khng c k hoch th s vic hon
ton xy ra mt cch ngu nhin hon ton.
Lp k hoch l iu ht sc kh khn, i hi ngi lp k
hoch tin khng nhng c kinh nghim sn xut xy dng m
cn c hiu bit khoa hc d bo v am tng cng ngh sn xut
mt cch chi tit, t m v mt kin thc su rng.
Chnh v vy vic lp k hoch tin chim vai tr ht sc
quan trng trong sn xut xy dng, c th l:
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
a) S ng gp ca k hoch tin vo vic thc hin mc tiu.

Mc ch ca vic lp k hoch tin v nhng k hoch
ph tr l nhm hon thnh nhng mc ch v mc tiu ca sn xut
xy dng.
Lp k hoch tin v vic kim tra thc hin sn xut trong
xy dng l hai vic khng th tch ri nhau. Khng c k hoch tin
th khng th kim tra c v kim tra c ngha l gi cho cc
hot ng theo ng tin trnh thi gian bng cch iu chnh cc
sai lch so vi thi gian nh trong tin . Bn k hoch tin
cung cp cho ta tiu chun kim tra.
b) Tnh hiu qu ca k hoch tin .
Tnh hiu qu ca k hoch tin c o bng ng gp ca
n vo thc hin mc tiu sn xut ng vi chi ph v cc yu t ti
nguyn khc d kin.
c) Tm quan trng ca k hoch tin .
2. Lp k hoch tin nhm nhng mc ch quan trng sau
y:
a) ng ph vi s bt nh v s thay i:
S bt nh v s thay i lm vic phi lp k hoch tin
l tt yu. Tuy th tng lai li rt t khi chc chn v tng lai
cng xa th cc kt qu ca quyt nh cng km chc chn. Ngay
nhng khi tng lai c chc chn kh cao th vic lp k hoch
tin vn l cn thit. l v cch qun l tt nht l cch t c
mc tiu ra.
D cho c th d on c nhng s thay i trong qu trnh
thc hin tin th vic kh khn trong khi lp k hoch tin
vn l iu kh khn.
b) Tp trung s ch lnh o thi cng vo cc mc tiu quan trng.
Ton b cng vic lp k hoch tin nhm thc hn cc mc
tiu ca sn xut xy dng nn vic lp k hoch tin cho thy r
cc mc tiu ny.
tin hnh qun l tt cc mc tiu ca sn xut , ngi qun l
phi lp k hoch tin xem xt tng lai, phi nh k sot xt
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GVHD: PGS L Kiu
li k hoch sa i v m rng nu cn thit t cc mc

tiu ra.
c) To kh nng tc nghip kinh t.
Vic lp k hoch tin s to kh nng cc tiu ho chi ph xy
dng v n gip cho cch nhn ch trng vo cc hot ng c hiu
qu v s ph hp.
K hoch tin l hot ng c d bo trn c s khoa hc thay
th cho cc hot ng manh mn, t pht, thiu phi hp bng nhng
n lc c nh hng chung, thay th lung hot ng tht thng bng
lung hot ng u n. Lp k hoch tin lm thay th
nhng phn xt vi vng bng nhng quyt nh c cn nhc k
cng v c lun gi thn trng.
d) To kh nng kim tra cng vic c thun li
Khng th kim tra c s tin hnh cng vic khi khng c mc
tiu r rng nh o lng. Kim tra l cch hng ti tng lai trn
c s xem xt ci thc ti. Khng c k hoch tin th khng c
cn c kim tra.
3. Mc ch v ni dung.
a) Mc ch:
Lp tin thi cng m bo hon thnh cng trnh trong
thi gian quy nh (da theo nhng s liu tng qut ca Nh nc
hoc nhng quy nh c th trong hp ng giao thu) vi mc
s dng vt liu, my mc v nhn lc hp l nht.
b) Ni dung:
Tin thi cng l ti liu thit k lp trn c s cc bin php
k thut thi cng c nghin cu k.
Tin thi cng nhm n nh:
A./ Trnh t tin hnh cc cng vic.
B./ Quan h rng buc ga cc dng cng tc vi nhau.
C./ Xc nh nhu cu v nhn lc, vt liu, my mc, thit b
cn thit phc v cho thi cng theo nhng thi gian quy nh.
iv. Cc bc tin hnh.
1. Tnh khi lng cc cng vic:
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Trang 31
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- Trong mt cng trnh c nhiu b phn kt cu m mi b

phn li c th c nhiu qu trnh cng tc t hp nn( chng hn mt
kt cu b tng ct thp phi c cc qu trnh cng tc nh: t ct
thp, ghp vn khun, c b tng, bo dng b tng, tho d ct
pha...). Do ta phi chia cng trnh thnh nhng b phn kt cu
ring bit v phn tch kt cu thnh cc qu trnh cng tc cn thit
hon thnh vic xy dng cc kt cu v nht l c c
y cc khi lng cn thit cho vic lp tin .
- Mun tnh khi lng cc qua trnh cng tc ta phi da vo cc
bn v kt cu chi tit hoc cc bn v thit k s b hoc cng c
th da vo cc ch tiu, nh mc ca nh nc.
- C khi lng cng vic, tra nh mc s dng nhn cng hoc
my mc, s tnh c s ngy cng v s ca my cn thit; t c
th bit c loi th v loi my cn s dng.
a) Tnh ton khi lng o t:
- o my
+ Tnh khi lng t mng ct trc 2 & trc 11 (khung nhp
chnh):
Kch thc y h mng:
ab = 3,5 2,75 m
Kch thc ming h mng:
cd=4,7 3,95m
Chiu su h o: h=1 m.
Khi lng t o h mng:
V=
=
H
[ a.b + ( a + c ).( b + d) + c.d] =
6
1
[3,5.2,75 + ( 3,5 + 4,7).( 2,75 + 3,95) + 4,7.3,95] = 13,855m 3
6
S lng h o: n= 2.33=66
V= 13,855 66= 914,43m3
+ Tnh khi lng t mng ct trc 1 & trc 12 (khung nhp
chnh):
Kch thc y h mng:
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Trang 32
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
ab = 2,63 2,88 m
Kch thc ming h mng:
cd=3,83 4,08m
Chiu su h o: h=1 m.
Khi lng t o h mng:
V=
1
[2,63.2,88 + ( 2,88 + 4,08 ).( 2,63 + 3,38) + 4,08.3,83] = 11,36m 3
6
S lng h o: n= 2.11=22
V= 11,36 22= 249,92m3
+ Ging mng:
V=7,3m3
S lng h o: n= 30.2+10.2+4.2=88
Tng khi lng o my:
V=V1+V2+VGing=1881,39m3.
Tnh khi lng t o mng tng bng phng php th cng:
- Kch thc mng (nhp chnh):
Chiu rng h o a=2,9m
Chiu di h o b=2,15m
Chiu su h o h=0,6m
S lng on mng phi o n=66
- Kch thc mng (nhp ph):
Chiu rng h o a=2,4m
Chiu di h o b=2,15m
Chiu su h o h=0,6m
S lng on mng phi o n=22
V=0,5.1,5.0,4.72=21,6m3
+ Cc khi lng ca cc cng tc khc c tnh ton trong cc
bng di.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 33
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
bng khi lng

stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
m hiu
m
n v
khi
lng
m nc
m my
cng tc chun b
KA.2210
bk.2102
Phn mng
thi cng p cc
o t h mng (my)
sa cha h mng (th cng)
p bt u cc
b tng lt mng
ghp vn khun mng
GCLD ct thp mng
B tng mng
tho d vn khun mng
b tng lt ging mng
ghp vn khun ging mng
GCLD ct thp ging mng
B tng ging mng
bo dng b tng mng
tho d vn khun ging mng
lp t h mng (my)
nb.1110
phn lp ghp khung nhp chnh

lp dng ct trc bh; bi
cf.1113
be.1312
ba.1432
ag.1222
HA.1110
KA.1220
IA.1120
HA.1210
KA.1220
KA.1220
KA.2210
IA.2322
HA.1210
19
20
Tn cng vic
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
100m
100m3
m3
m3
m3
100m2
tn
m3
100m2
m3
100m2
tn
m3
49.91
11.814
417.72
19
31.9
6.8075
5.5
230.2
6.8075
20.46
4.092
7.3656
61.38
12.50
3.87
0.77
5.10
1.65
20.79
8.34
1.64
8.91
1.65
24.1
10.41
1.64
100m2
100m3
4.092
12.552
10.31
3.16
2.5
0.629
0.224
thi
gian
2d
67 d
32 d
7d
13 d
13 d
9d
10 d
10 d
13 d
16 d
10 d
10 d
10 d
10 d
19 d
10 d
3d
mi quan
h
ti nguyn
NC[10]
1
3FS-5 d
4FS-2 d
5SS+6 d
6SS+4 d
7SS+1 d
8SS
9SS+2 d
10SS+1 d
11SS+5 d
8
9
14SS+1 d
10SS+1 d
15SS+1 d
17FS-1 d
NC[24]
NC[7]
NC[24]
NC[7]
NC[6]
NC[14]
NC[5]
NC[24]
NC[4]
NC[3]
NC[10]
NC[8]
NC[10]
NC
NC[4]
NC[13]
104 d
tn
7.0
9.712
Trang 33
0.32
2d
18SS+1 d
NC[20]

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
lp dng x trc bh; bi

lp dng dm cu trc s 1
lp dng ct trc bg; bf
lp dng x trc bg; bf
lp dng dm cu trc s 2; 3
lp dng ct trc be; bd
lp dng x trc be; bd
lp dng ct trc bc; bb
lp dng x trc bc; bb
lp dng ct trc az; ay
lp dng x trc az; ay
lp dng ct trc ax; av
lp dng x trc ax; av
lp dng ct trc au; at
lp dng x trc au; at
lp dng ct trc as; ar
lp dng x trc as; ar
lp dng ct trc aq; ap
lp dng x trc aq; at
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
GVHD: PGS L Kiu

tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
12.8
0.98
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
Trang 34
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1110
nb.1220
nb.1510
nb.1310
ob.1220
nb.2120
nb.1220
lp dng ct trc ao; an

lp dng x trc ao; an
lp dng ct trc am; al
lp dng x trc am; al
lp dng ct trc ak; aj
lp dng x trc ak; aj
lp dng ct trc ai; ah
lp dng x trc ai; ah
lp dng ct trc ag; af
lp dng x trc ag; af
lp dng ct trc ae; ad
lp dng x trc ae; ad
lp dng ct trc ac; ab; aa
lp dng x trc ac; ab; aa
lp dng dm cu trc s 30
lp dng ging thp
lp ghp x g + cc tm bao che
lp dng cc loi ca
phn lp ghp khung nhp ph
lp dng khung trc av; au
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
GVHD: PGS L Kiu

tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
100m2
m2
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
7.0
12.8
1.96
108.6
155.16
297.7
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
9.712
5.292
6.153
2.39
4.5
0.3
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
0.32
0.25
0.412
tn
5.44
9.712
0.32
Trang 35
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
2d
3d
1d
89 d
86 d
6d
63 d
2d
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
23
25
69
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[20]
NC[3]
NC[10]
NC[15]
42
NC[12]

73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
86
nb.1220
nb.1220
nb.1220
nb.1220
nb.1220
nb.1220
ob.1220
nb.2120
hc.1310
lp dng khung trc at; as

lp dng khung trc ar; aq
lp dng khung trc ap; ao
lp dng khung trc an; an
lp dng khung trc al
lp dng h ging thp
lp ghp x g + cc tm bao che
lp dng cc loi ca
phn hon thin
b tng nn (my)
thu dn v sinh
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
GVHD: PGS L Kiu

tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
100m2
m2
5.44
5.44
5.44
5.44
2.73
15.44
24
156
9.712
9.712
9.712
9.712
9.712
2.39
4.5
0.3
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
m3
cng
3023.88
0.58
0.033
Trang 36
2d
2d
2d
2d
1.67 d
12 d
12 d
6d
104 d
100 d
1d
72
73
74
75
76
72SS+1 d
78SS+1 d
70
NC[12]
NC[12]
NC[12]
NC[12]
NC[12]
NC[3]
NC[11]
NC[8]
69SS+3 d
85
NC[17]
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
2. Thnh lp tin :
Sau khi xc nh c bin php v trnh t thi cng, tnh
ton c thi gian hon thnh cc qu trnh cng tc chnh l lc ta c
bt u lp tin .
Ch :
- Nhng khong thi gian m cc i cng nhn chuyn nghip
phi ngh vic ( v n s ko theo c my mc phi ngng hot
ng).
- S lng cng nhn thi cng khng c thay i qu nhiu
trong giai on thi cng.
Vic thnh lp tin l lin kt hp l thi gian tng qu trnh
cng tc v sp xp cho cc t i cng nhn cng my mc c hot
ng lin tc.
3. iu chnh tin :
- Ngi ta dng biu nhn lc, vt liu, cu kin lm c
s cho vic iu chnh tin .
- Nu cc biu c nhng nh cao hoc trng su tht thng th phi iu chnh li tin bng cch thay i thi gian mt
vi qu trnh no s lng cng nhn hoc lng vt liu, cu
kin phi thay i sao cho hp l hn.
- Nu cc biu nhn lc, vt liu v cu kin khng iu ho
c cng mt lc th iu ch yu l phi m bo s lng cng nhn
khng c thay i hoc nu c thay i mt cch iu ho.
Tm li, iu chnh tin thi cng l n nh li thi gian hon
thnh tng qu trnh sao cho:
+ Cng trnh c hon thnh trong thi gian quy nh.
+ S lng cng nhn chuyn nghip v my mc thit b khng c thay i nhiu cng nh vic cung cp vt liu, bn thnh phm
c tin hnh mt cch iu ho.
v. lp tng mt bng thi cng:
1. Tng quan:
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 38
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
T chc xy dng c s h tng phc v cc cng tc trn cng

trng bao gm cc vic lm ng thi cng, lm h cung cp in thi
cng, cung cp nc thi cng, thot nc mt bng, ln tri tm, kho tng
bi cha vt t, bi cha nhin liu, cc xng gia cng phc v xy
dng...
Vic xy dng c s h tng nm trong qu trnh chun b xy
dng nu tin hnh tt s mang li hiu qu cao trong qu trnh thi
cng xy lp chnh sau ny. Tuy nhin c iu mu thun gia
u t cho c s h tng ch phc v thi cng vi gi thnh cng tc
xy dng. Thi gian thi cng thng din ra khng lu, nu u t ln
th thi gian khu hao qu ngn so vi i s dng ca sn phm lm
ra dn n phi phn b cho gi cc cng vic s c bn giao. Nu
lm qu s si khng p ng c nhim v dn ti vic kh khn cho
cng tc xy dng. Thng thng phi kt hp quan im v sinh an
ton, vn minh cng nghip cng nh kinh t k thut trong s b tr
c s h tng cng trng.
V vy mun h c chi ph cho nhng cng trnh phc v kiu
ny, cn tn dng c s ca x hi th trng ang c, cng nh s
dng khoa hc mc cao.
2. C s tnh ton :
- Cn c theo yu cu ca t chc thi cng, tin thc hin
cng trnh xc nh nhu cu cn thit v vt t, vt liu, nhn lc,
nhu cu phc v.
- Cn c vo tnh hnh cung cp vt t thc t .
- Cn c vo tnh hnh thc t v mt bng cng trnh, b tr cc
cng trnh phc v, kho bi, trang thit b phc v thi cng .
3. Mc ch tnh ton :
- Tnh ton lp tng mt bng thi cng m bo tnh hp l
trong cng tc t chc, qun l, thi cng, hp l trong dy chuyn sn
xut, trnh hin tng chng cho khi di chuyn .
- m bo tnh n nh v ph hp trong cng tc phc v thi
cng, trnh trng hp lng ph hay khng p ng nhu cu .
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 39
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
- m bo cc cng trnh tm, cc bi vt liu, cu kin, cc

my mc, thit b c s dng mt cch tin li nht.
- c ly vn chuyn l ngn nht, s ln bc d l t nht .
- m bo iu kin v sinh cng nghip v phng chng chy
n.
4. Tnh ton lp tng mt bng :
4.1 Tnh s lng cn b cng nhn vin trn cng trng :
a) S cng nhn xy dng c bn trc tip thi cng :
Theo biu tin thi cng vo thi im cao nht:
Amax= 64ngi
b) S cng nhn lm vic cc xng ph tr :
A
B= m 100
= 30.
64
= 19
100
ngi
c) S cn b cng nhn k thut:

C=8%(A + B)=8%(64+19)=6,64 ngi (ly 8 ngi)
d) S cn b nhn vin hnh chnh:
D=5%(A + B)= 5%(64+19)=6,4 ngi (ly 7 ngi)
Tng s cn b cng nhn vin cng trng:
G=1,06(64+19+8+7)= 98ngi
4.2 Tnh din tch cc cng trnh phc v :
* Din tch nh lm vic ca ban ch huy cng trnh:
S cn b l 8+7=15 ngi vi tiu chun 4m2/ngi.
Din tch s dng l: S =15 x 4 =60m2.
*Din tch khu ngh tra:
Do din tch rng ri nn d tnh p ng c 100% s ngi
ti cng trng. Din tch tiu chun cho mi ngi l 1m2.
Din tch s dng l: 100%.(64+19)=83 m2
Din tch khu v sinh + nh tm:

Tiu chun 0,25m2/ngi.
Din tch s dng l: 0,25x98.2=45 m2
Din tch nh n tp thca cng nhn sn xut:
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 40
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Tiu chun 0,5m2/ngi.

Din tch s dng l: 0,5 x 98=49 m2
Din tch kho bi cha vt liu :

+Din tch kho xi mng :
S =q
T
k
N
Trong :
N: lng vt liu cha trn 1 m2 kho.
k: h s dng vt liu khng iu ho: k =1,2.
q: lng xi mng s dng trong ngy cao nht l khi b tng
mng: q= 17,28.0,32.1,5 = 8,29(T)
T: thi gian d tr trong 5 ngy.
kch thc 1 bao xi mng 0,4 x 0,6 x 0,2m
D kin xp cao 1,6m; N =1,3 T/m2.
S = 5,529.
5
.1,2 = 40m 2
1,3
+ Din tch bi ct
D tnh d tr cho 5 ngy
Trong
N: lng vt liu cha trn 1 m2 kho; N =0,4m3/m2.
k: h s dng vt liu khng iu ho; k =1,2.
q: lng ct s dng trong ngy cao nht;
q =17,28.1,5.0,3=7,78m3 (30% ct trong 1m3 b tng)
S = 7,78.
5
.1,2 = 116m 2
0,4
+Din tch bi :
S =q
T
k
N
D tnh d tr cho 5 ngy

Trong :
N: lng vt liu cha trn 1 m2 kho; N =0,6m3/m2.
k: h s dng vt liu khng iu ho; k =1,2.
q: lng s dng trong ngy cao nht;
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 41
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
q =17,28.1,5.0,6=15,55m3 (60% trong 1m3 b tng)

S = 15,55.
5
.1,2 = 156m 2
0,6
+Bi cc b tng ct thp c sn : d nh 1/2. 434.=

217 cc h= 4 hng
n
1,2
S = l.b.m. .k = 6.217.0,25.
.1,05 = 105m 2
h
4
l=6m chiu di on cc
b=0,25m chiu rng cc
k=1,05 h s k n khong cch gia cc cc
n=1,2 h s k n li i li v khong trng khc
m=312 s cc BTCT
+ Khu cc cu kin lp ghp (nh ct, x, dm, ging v cc
vt liu khc: chn S = 500m2.
Tt c cc din tch trn c tnh ton da trn c s s ngi tham
gia thi cng, s vt liu cp phi... Thc t din tch cc kho bi c
b tr theo iu kin mt bng, din tch ny thng ln hn din
tch tnh ton.
5. Tnh ton nhu cu in nc phc v thi cng v sinh hot :
5.1 Cng sut cc phng tin thi cng :
STT
1
2
3
4
Tn my
My ct th
My ca lin hip
m di
My trn
Tng cng
sut
3,5 kW
3 kW
2,4 kW
8,2 kW
S lng Cng sut my

1
1
2
2
3,5 kW
3 kW
1,2 kW
4,1 kW
Tng cng sut P1 =3,5+3+2,4+360+8,2 400 kW

5.2 Cng sut dng cho in chiu sng :
STT
1
2
Ni tiu th
Nh ban ch huy
Kho
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Cng sut
cho 1
.v(w)
15
3
Din tch
chiu sng
Cng
sut
60
95
900
285
Trang 42

3
4
5
6
Ni t cn cu
Bi vt liu
Cc ng dy dn chnh
Cc ng dy dn ph
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
5
0,5
800
250
12
120
2
1,5
60
60
1600
375
Tng cng sut: P2 =3,28 kw

Tng cng sut in phc v cho cng trnh l;
P =1,1(k1P1/cos + k2P2)
Trong :
1,1: h s k n s tn tht cng sut trong mng in
cos: h s cng sut; cos= 0,75
k1=0,75; k1=1.
P =1,1(0,75x197,1/0,75 +1x3,28)=220 kw
5.3 Chn tit din dy dn :
* Chn dy dn theo bn :
m bo dy dn trong qu trnh vn hnh khng b ti
trng bn thn hoc nh hng ca ma bo lm t dy gy
nguy him, ta phi chn dy dn c tit din ln. Theo
quy nh ta chn tit din dy dn i vi cc trng hp sau:
Dy bc nha cch in cho mng chiu sng:S = 1 mm 2
Dy ni cc thit b di ng: S = 3 mm 2.
Dy ni cc thit b tnh trong nh: S = 3 mm 2.
* Chn tit din dy dn theo iu kin n p:
S = 100. P.l/(k.Vd2.[u])
Trong :
P: Cng sut truyn ti tng cng trn ton mng
l: chiu di ng dy.
[u]: tn tht in p cho php
k: h s k n nh hng ca dy dn
V: in th dy dn
Tnh ton tit din dy dn t trm in n u ngun
cng trnh
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 43
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Chiu di dy dn: l =100m.

Ti trng trn 1m ng dy:
q =220/100 =2,2 kw/m.
Tng m men ti:
P.l =q.l2/2 =2,2x1002/2 =11000kw.m
Dng loi dy dn ng k =57
Tit din dy dn vi [u] =5%
S =100x6200x103/(57x3802x5) =26,61 mm2.
Chn dy dn c tit din S =27 mm2.
Tnh ton tit din dy dn t trm u ngun n c my
thi cng.
Tng cng sut s dng P =220 kw
q =220/80 =2,75 kw/m.
Tng m men ti:
P.l =q.l2/2 =2,75x802/2 =8800kw.m
S =80x8800x103/(57x3802x5) =17,07 mm2.
Tnh ton dy dn t trm u ngun n mng chiu sng:
Tng cng sut s dng P =3,28 kw
q =3,28/200 =0,0164 kw/m.
Tng m men ti:
P.l =q.l2/2 =0,0164x2002/2 =328kw.m
S =200x328x103/(57x3802x5) =1,62 mm2.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 44
GVHD: PGS L Kiu

Vy ta chn dy dn cho mng in trn cng trng l loi dy
ng c tit din S =18 mm2 vi [I] =300A & S=27mm2
* Kim tra dy dn theo iu kin cng vi dng 3 pha :
I =P/(1,73xUdxsos)
Trong :
P =220 kw
I =220.103/(1,73x380x0,75) =443 (A) > [I] =300 (A)
Dy dn m bo iu kin cng
6. Tnh toan mng li cp nc trn cng trng :
Nc phc v cho cng trngc ly t mng li cp nc ca
thnh ph.
6.1 Tng lu lng nc s dng trn cng trng :
a) Lng nc thi cng :
Qsx=1,2(S A Kg) / (3600 n)
Trong :
S: s lng cc im s dng nc
A: lng nc tiu th tng im
Kg: h s s dng khng iu ho; Kg=1,25
n: h s s dng nc trong 8 gi.
1,2: h s tnh vo nhng my cha k ht.
Tiu chun nc dng trn va: 200 400l/m3.
Cn c trn tin thi cng, ngy s dng nc nhiu nht l
ngy b tng chng thm.
Lng nc cn thit tnh nh sau :
Cho trm trn b tng: 17,28.1,5250 =6480 (l)
Nc bo dng cho b tng: 17,28.1,5300 = 7776 (l)
Tng cng: A =6480+7776 =14256=14,256 m3.
Qsx=1,2(1425611,25)/(36008)=0,742 (l/s)
b) Lng nc sinh hot :
Qsh=P n1Kg)/(3600 n)
Trong :
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 45
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
P: lng cng nhn cao nht trong ngy.

n1: lng nc tiu chun cho mt ngi cng nhn
n1=20lt/ngi.ngy.
Kg: h s khng iu ho.
n=8gi.
Qsh=64 20 2,5 / (36008)=0,875(l/s)
c) Lng nc phng ho :
Vi tng s cng nhn P=83 ngi <1000 ngi nn ta c:
Qph=5(l/s)
Q sx + Q sh
2
Tng lng nc cn thit:

Q=1,05(Qph+
Q sx + Q sh
0,742 + 0,875
) = 1,05(5 +
) =6,1
2
2
(l/s)
6.2 Xc nh ng dn nc :
ng knh ng cp nc:
D=
4Q
=
..1000
4 6,1
= 0,088m
3,14 1 1000
Vy ta chn ng knh ng cp nc cho cng trnh (ng ng

cp chnh) l ng trn 100 mm .
Cc ng tiu th n a im s dng 32 mm. on u v
cui thu hp thnh 15 mm.
VI. An ton lao ng
Khi thi cng nh cng nghip cng nh cc cng trnh khc
vic cn quan tm hng u l bin php an ton lao ng.
Cng trnh phi l ni qun l cht ch v s ngi ra vo
trong cng trnh (khng phn s min vo). Tt c cc cng
trnh u phi c hc ni quy v an ton lao ng trc khi
thi cng cng trnh.
1. An ton lao ng khi ng:
Khi thi cng ng & p cc cn phi nhc nh cng nhn,
trang b bo h, kim tra an ton cc thit b phc v cho
ng.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 46
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Chp hnh nghim chnh cc quy nh an ton lao ng v

s dng, vn hnh ng c thu lc, ng c in, cn
cu, my ng cc my hn in, cc h thng ti, cp, rng
rc.
Phi chp hnh nghim ngt quy ch an ton trn cao:
phi c dy an ton, thang st ln xung.. .
Vic sp xp cc phi m bo thun tin, v tr v cc
mng buc cp cu cc phi ng theo quy nh.
Trc khi dng cc phi kim tra an ton. Nhng ngi khng c
nhim v phi ng ra ngoi phm vi ang dng cc bng
chiu cao thp cng thm 2 m.
Khi t cc vo v tr cn kim tra k v tr cc theo yu
cu thit k ri mi tin hnh ng hoc p cc.
2. An ton lao ng trong thi cng o t:
a. o t bng my:
Trong thi gian my hot n, cm mi ngi i li trn mi dc
tu nhin, cng nh trong phm vi hot ng ca my, khu vc
ny phi c bin bo.
Khi vn hnh my phi kim tra tnh trng my, v tr t
my, thit b an ton phanh hm, tn hiu, m thanh, cho
my chy th khng ti.
Khng c thay i nghing ca my khi gu xc ang
mang ti hay ang quay gn. Cm hm phanh t ngt.
Thng xuyn kim tra tnh trng ca dy cp, khng dng dy
cp ni.
Trong mi trng hp khong cch gia cabin my v thnh h
o phi > 1m.
b. o t bng th cng:
Phi trang b dng c cho cng nhn theo ch hin
hnh.
o t h mng sau mi trn ma phi rc ct vo bc thanh
ln xung trnh trt ng.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 47
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Cm b tr ngi lm vic trn ming h trong khi ang c

vic bn di h o trong cng mt khoang m t c th
ri, l xung ngi bn di.
3. An ton lao ng trong cng tc lp ghp:
- Vic tin hnh lp ghp thng c tin hnh trn cao nn
nhng ngi th lm vic phI c sc kho tt & phi c kim tra sc
kho theo nh k.
- Phi cung cp cho th lp ghp mi thit b an ton cn thit
c bit dy treo bo him (ch c lc tnh l 300 KG lc).
- Mi khi c gi cp 6 tr ln, thi tit rt but hay sng m nhiu
th phi nh ch cng vic lp ghp trn cao.
- Cm i li trn cc dm ging hoc cc thanh cnh trn. Ch c
i li trn cc thanh cnh h ca dn sau khi c dy vn dc
ngang ngc lm lan can bo him.
- Nhng sn v cu cng tc phi chc chn lin kt vng vng,
n nh v phi c hng ro tay vn.
- ng vn chuyn cu trc phi t xa cng trnh v cch mp
h mng theo nhng yu cu quy nh.
- m bo n nh cho cu trc khi ng v lm vic.
- Phi c bin php phng nga v cc bin php chng st hu
hiu cho cc cn trc cao
- Cc mc cu phi c mc an ton dy cu khng tut khi
mc cu trong qu trnh lp ghp.
- Khng c treo cc vt nng trn mc cu, khi cu kin c
d n nh th mi c php tho g mc cu ra khi cu kin.
- Khi cu kin c gi n nh ta mi c php tho d mc
cu ra khi cu kin.
- m bo an ton v hn khi hn lin kt cc cu kin
- Cm mi ngi khng c nhim v i li trn cng trng xy dng
khi ang thi cng.
4. An ton lao ng trong cng tc b tng:
(Dung lp, tho d, dn gio, dng lp ct thp, , m v bo
dng b tng).
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 48
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
a) Dng lp, tho d dn gio:

khng c s dng dn gio: c bin dng, rn nt, mn g
hoc thiu cc b phn: neo, mc, ging....
Khe h gia sn cng tc v cc cu kin khc >0,05m khi
xy v 0,2m khi trt.
Cc ct dn gio phi c t trn vt k n nh.
Cn xp ti ln dn gio, ni ngoi cc v tr quy nh.
Khi dn gio cao hn 6m phi lm t nht 2 sn cng tc: sn lm
vic bn trn, sn bo v pha di.
Khi dn gio cao hn 12 m phi lm cu thang. dc cu
thang <600.
L hng sn cng tc ln, xung phi c lan can bo v
3 pha.
Thng xuyn kim tra tt c cc bphn kt cu ca dn
gio, gi , kp thi pht hin tnh hnh h hng ca
dn gio c bin php sa cha kp thi.
Khi tho d dn gio phi c ro ngn, bin cm ngi qua li.
Cm tho d dn gio bng cch git .
Khng dng lp, tho d hoc lm vic trn dn gio khi tri
ma to, ging bo hoc gi cp 5 tr ln.
c) Cng tc gia cng lp dng ct thp:
Gia cng ct thp phi c tin hnh khu vc ring, xung
quanh c ro chn v bin bo.
Ct, un, ko ct thp phi dng nhng thit b chuyn
dng, phi c bin php ngn nga thp vng khi ct ct thp
c on di hn hoc bng 0,3 m.
Bn gia cng ct thp phi c c nh chc chn, nu
bn gia cng ct thp c cng nhn lm vic hai gi th
gia phi c li thp bo v cao t nht l 1,0 m. Ct thp
lm xong phi ng ch quy nh.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 49
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Khi nn thng ct thp trn cun bng my phi che chn

bo him trc cun trc khi m my ,hm ng c khi a
u ni thp vo trc cun.
Khi gia cng ct thp v lm sch r phi trang b y
phng tin bo v c nhn cho cng nhn.
Khng dng ko tay khi ct thanh thp thnh cc mu ngn
hn 30 cm.
Trc khi chuyn nhng tm li khung ct thp n v tr lp
t phi kim tra cc mi hn, nt buc. Khi ct b nhng
phn mp tha trn cao cng nhn phi eo dy an ton,
bn di phi c bin bo. Khi hn ct thp ch cn tun theo
cht ch quy nh ca quy phm.
Buc ct thp phi dng dng c chuyn dng, cm buc
bng tay php trong thit k .
Khi dng lp ct thp gn ng dy dn in phi ct
in, trng hp khng ct c in phi c bin php ngn
nga ct thp chm vo dy in.
c) v m b tng :
Trc khi b tng cn b k thut thi cng phi kim tra
vic lp t cp pha ct thp, gin gio , sn cng tc ,ng vn chuyn. Ch c tin hnh b tng sau khi
c vn bn xc nhn.
Li i li di ku vc ang b tng phi c ro ngn v bin
cm. Trng hp bt buc c ngi qua li cn lm h thng
che pha trn li qua li .
Cm ngi khng c nhim v ng sn ry va b tng.
Cng nhn lm nhim v nh hng, iu chnh my, vi
bm b tng phi c gng, ng.
Khi dng m rung m b tng cn :
Ni t vi v m rung .
Dng dy buc cch in ni t bng phn phi n ng c
in ca m.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 50
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
Lm sch m rung lau kh v qun dy dn khi ngng lm vic.

Ngng m rung t 5 n 7 pht sau mi ln lm vic lin tc t
30 n 35 pht.
Cng nhn vn hnh my phi trang b ng cao su cch in v
cc phng tin bo v c nhn khc .
e) Bo dng b tng :
Khi bo dng b tng phi dng gin gio, khng c ng ln
cc ct chng hoc cnh ct pha ,khng c dng cc thanh
da vo cc b phn kt cu b tng ang bo dng .
Bo dng b tng vo ban m hoc nhng b phn kt cu
b che khut phi c n chiu sng.
5. Cng tc lm mi :
Ch cho php cng nhn lm cc cng vic trn mi sau khi
cn b k thut kim tra tnh trng kt cu chu lc ca
mi v cc phng tin bo m an ton khc.
Ch cho php vt liu trn mi nhng v tr thit k
quy nh.
Khi cc vt liu, dng c trn mi phi c bin php chng
ln trt trn mi dc.
Trong phm vi ang c ngi lm vic trn mi phi c ro ngn
v bin cm bn di trnh dng c v vt liu ri vo ngi
qua li. Hng ro ngn phi t rng ra mp ngoi ca mi
theo hnh chiu bng vi khong ln hn 3 m.
b) Cng tc hon thin:
S dng dn gio, sn cng tc lm cng tc hon thin phi
theo s hng dn ca cn b k thut. Khng c php dng
thang lm cng tc hon thin trn cao.
Cn b thi cng phi m bo vic ngt in hon thin khi
chun b sn,ln trn b mt ca h thng in.
Qut sn:
Khi sn trong nh hoc dng cc loi sn c cha cht c
hi phi trang b cho cng nhn mt l phng c, trc khi
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 51
GVHD: PGS L Kiu
bt u lm vic khong 1 gi phi m tt c cc ca v cc

thit b thng go ca phng .
Khi sn, cng nhn khng c lm vic qu 2 gi.
Trn y l nhng yu cu ca quy phm an ton trong xy dng.
Khi thi cng cc cng trnh cn tun th nghim ngt nhng quy
nh trn.
L Tun Dng Lp 97X4
Trang 52

Thi Cong Zamil

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Thi Cong Zamil

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n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

Trng i hc kin trc h ni

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

Phn thi cng

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

lp bin php thi cng lp t khung thp

Theo phng n ny, ct c lp dng trc sau n lp x

- Chia x ngang thnh hai m un, cc m un c khuch i trn

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

trong qu trnh cu lp vt qu kh nng chu lc ca khung (ngoi

T vic nh gi nh trn, i vi cng trnh ny ta chn phng n 2

III. nh gi phng php lp ghp.

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

IV. Bin php thi cng

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

1. Tng qut v phng php thi cng

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

Vic phn chia cc m un c tin hnh theo yu cu thun li

Tnh ton trng lng ca cc m un khi cu lp ta tnh n trng

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

c im: mi si c = 0,5 1,5mm. L loi cp kh mm d

Ni lc trong mi nhnh dy cu c tnh theo cng thc:

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

Tnh ton cu trc cho khung nhp chnh:

- Chiu cao nng vt:

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

h3 = 6m chiu cao dng c treo buc.

Vi 14 m l khong cch t v tr cu n ct gn nht.

L Tun Dng Lp 97X4

n tt nghip KSXD kho 1997-2002

GVHD: PGS L Kiu

R=13,545 + 1,5 =15,045m

Chiu di tay cn L = 30m

Tnh ton cu trc cho khung nhp ph:

Q = Q0 + q1 + q2 = 1,4 + 0 + 1,5 = 2,9 T.

- Chiu cao nng vt: