Cau Hoi Li Thuyet Thuong Gap Trong Hoa Huu Co - Full

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC
Li ni u
Cc em hc sinh thn mn!
Nh trao i vi cc em, mn ha hc l mn hc i hi cao v kin thc, cn phi hiu
su v bit cch d on tnh cht da vo nhng kin thc c sn. Trong thi tuyn sinh i hc,
c 25/50 cu hi l thuyt.Tuy nhin hin nay cc em li dnh thi gian hc mn ha hc ch yu l
lm bi tp nh lng ( c tnh ton), m thc t bi tp nh lng khng cung cp cho chng ta
bao nhiu kin thc c. Do , kin thc ca cc em thng thiu ht, v vy trong thi c cc em
thng rt s cu hi l thuyt v thng hay lm sai cu l thuyt ( k c nhng em hc kh), v vy
vic n luyn l thuyt trong ha hc l rt quan trng, theo thy em nn dnh thi gian ca mnh theo
t l 5 phn cho vic n l thuyt, 3 phn cho vic rn luyn bi tp, 2 phn cho vic rn luyn tr li
cu hi l thuyt ( chia thi gian hc thnh 10 phn).
Nhm gip cc em c mt chuyn n luyn l thuyt, thy bin son chuyn Cu hi l
thuyt thng gp trong ha hu c, do bin son trong thi gian ngn nn ti liu vn cn nhiu
thiu xt v vn cn nhiu iu cha ng , nhng thy cng hi vng ti liu ny gip ch cc em
trong qu trnh lm bi thi mn ha hc.
Cc cu hi l thuyt trong ha hu c thng t hi v mt chng c th no m ch yu
dng cu hi tng hp, v vy trong ti liu ny thy cng vit di dng cc cu hi thi, ti liu gm
23 dng cu hi thng gp trong thi i hc v cc cu hi minh ha trong thi i hc chnh
thc t cc nm 2007 2013 ( c p n km theo) cc em vn dng. Ngoi ra cn c tp cc cu
hi thi th cc em t rn luyn thm nhm gip cc em nm ton b l thuyt hu c thi i hc.
Chc cc em hc tt!
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 1.
A. L THUYT V CU HI THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 1: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH AgNO 3/NH3
L THUYT
Nhng cht tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 gm
1. Ank-1-in (ankin c lin kt ba u mch): Phn ng th H bng ion kim loi Ag
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
R-CCH + AgNO 3 + NH3 R-CCAg + NH 4NO3
c bit
CHCH + 2AgNO 3 + 2NH3 AgCCAg + 2NH 4NO3
Cc cht thng gp: axetilen (etin) C 2H2; propin CH3-CC; vinyl axetilen CH 2=CH-CCH
Nhn xt:
- Ch c C2H2 phn ng theo t l 1:2
- Cc ank-1-ankin khc phn ng theo t l 1:1
2. Andehit (phn ng trng gng): Trong phn ng ny andehit ng vai tr l cht kh
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
R-(CHO)x + 2xAgNO3 + 3xNH3 + xH2O R-(COONH4)x + 2xAg + 2xNH 4NO3
Andehit n chc (x=1)
R-CHO + 2AgNO 3 + 3NH3 + H2O R-COONH4 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
T l mol nRCHO : nAg = 1:2
Ring andehit fomic HCHO t l mol n HCHO : nAg = 1:4
HCHO + 4AgNO3 + 6NH3 + 2H2O (NH4)2CO3 + 4Ag + 4NH4NO3
Nhn xt:
- Da vo phn ng trng gng c th xc nh s nhm chc - CHO trong phn t andehit. Sau
bit andehit no hay cha no ta da vo t l mol gia andehit v H 2 trong phn ng kh andehit to
ancol bc I
- Ring HCHO t l mol n HCHO : nAg = 1:4. Do nu hn hp 2 andehit n chc tc dng vi AgNO 3
cho nAg > 2.nandehit th mt trong 2 andehit l HCHO
- Nu xc nh CTPT ca andehit th trc ht gi s andehit khng phi l HCHO v sau khi gii
xong th li vi HCHO.
3. Nhng cht c nhm -CHO
- T l mol ncht : nAg = 1:2
+ axit fomic: HCOOH
+ Este ca axit fomic: HCOOR
+ Glucozo, fructozo: C 6H12O6
+ Mantozo: C12H22O11
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 49-A7-748: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, l:
A. anehit fomic, axetilen, etilen.
B. anehit axetic, axetilen, butin-2.
C. anehit axetic, butin-1, etilen.
D. axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin.
Cu 2.Cu 5-B8-371: Cho dy cc cht: C2H2, HCHO, HCOOH, CH3CHO, (CH3)2CO, C12H22O11
(mantoz). S cht trong dy tham gia c phn ng trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 4.
Cu 3.Cu 22-CD8-216: Cho dy cc cht: glucoz, xenluloz, saccaroz, tinh bt, mantoz. S cht
trong dy tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 4.Cu 33-CD8-216: Cho dy cc cht: HCHO, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5, HCOOH, C2H5OH,
HCOOCH3. S cht trong dy tham gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 5.Cu 50-A9-438: Cho cc hp cht hu c: C2H2; C2H4; CH2O; CH2O2 (mch h); C3H4O2
(mch h, n chc). Bit C3H4O2 khng lm chuyn mu qu tm m. S cht tc dng c vi
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra kt ta l
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 2.
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 6.Cu 52-A9-438: Dy gm cc dung dch u tham gia phn ng trng bc l:
A. Glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, axit fomic.
B. Glucoz, fructoz, mantoz, saccaroz.
C. Glucoz, mantoz, axit fomic, anehit axetic. D. Fructoz, mantoz, glixerol, anehit axetic.
Cu 7.Cu 41-CD12-169: Cho dy cc cht: anehit axetic, axetilen, glucoz, axit axetic, metyl
axetat. S cht trong dy c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 8.Cu 8-A13-193: Cc cht trong dy no sau y u to kt ta khi cho tc dng vi dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, un nng?
A. vinylaxetilen, glucoz, axit propionic. B. vinylaxetilen, glucoz, anehit axetic.
C. glucoz, imetylaxetilen, anehit axetic.
D. vinylaxetilen, glucoz, imetylaxetilen.
Cu 9.Cu 56-B13-279: Cht no di y khi cho vo dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, un nng,
khng xy ra phn ng trng bc?
A. Mantoz.
B. Fructoz.
C. Saccaroz.
D. Glucoz.
DNG 2: NHNG CHT TC DNG VI Cu(OH) 2

L THUYT
I. Phn ng nhit thng
1. Ancol a chc c cc nhm -OH k nhau
- To phc mu xanh lam
- V d: etilen glicol C 2H4(OH)2; glixerol C3H5(OH)3
TQ: 2CxHyOz + Cu(OH)2 (CxHy-1Oz)2Cu + 2H2O
Mu xanh lam
2. Nhng cht c nhiu nhm OH k nhau
- To phc mu xanh lam
- Glucozo, frutozo, saccarozo, mantozo
TQ: 2CxHyOz + Cu(OH)2 (CxHy-1Oz)2Cu + 2H2O
Mu xanh lam
3. Axit cacboxylic RCOOH
2RCOOH + Cu(OH) 2 (RCOO)2Cu + 2H2O
4. tri peptit tr ln v protein
- C phn ng mu biure vi Cu(OH) 2/OH- to phc mu tm
II. Phn ng khi un nng
- Nhng cht c cha nhm chc andehit CHO khi tc dng vi Cu(OH) 2 un nng s cho kt
ta Cu2O mu gch
- Nhng cht cha nhm CHO thng gp
+ andehit
+ Glucozo
+ Mantozo
to
RCHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH
RCOONa + Cu2O gch + 2H2O
( Nhng cht khng c nhiu nhm OH k nhau, ch c nhm CHO th khng phn ng vi
Cu(OH)2 nhit thng)
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 45-CD7-439: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2CH2-CH2OH (Y); HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z); CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T).
Nhng cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam l
A. X, Y, Z, T.
B. X, Y, R, T.
C. Z, R, T.
D. X, Z, T.
Cu 2.Cu 8-B8-371: Cho cc cht: ru (ancol) etylic, glixerin (glixerol), glucoz, imetyl ete v
axit fomic. S cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 l
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 3.
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 3.Cu 38-B9-148: Cho cc hp cht sau: (a) HOCH2-CH2OH.
(b) HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH.
(c) HOCH2-CH(OH)-CH2OH.
(d) CH3-CH(OH)-CH2OH. (e) CH3-CH2OH.
(f) CH3-OCH2CH3.
Cc cht u tc dng c vi Na, Cu(OH)2 l:
A. (a), (b), (c).
B. (c), (d), (f).
C. (a), (c), (d).
D. (c), (d), (e).
Cu 4.Cu 14-B10-937: Cc dung dch phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng l:
A. lng trng trng, fructoz, axeton.
B. anehit axetic, saccaroz, axit axetic.
C. fructoz, axit acrylic, ancol etylic.
D. glixerol, axit axetic, glucoz.
Cu 5.Cu 51-B10-937: Cht X c cc c im sau: phn t c nhiu nhm -OH, c v ngt, ho
tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng, phn t c lin kt glicozit, lm mt mu nc brom. Cht X l
A. xenluloz.
B. mantoz.
C. glucoz.
D. saccaroz.
Cu 6.Cu 39-CD11-259: Cho cc cht: saccaroz, glucoz, fructoz, etyl fomat, axit fomic v
anehit axetic. Trong cc cht trn, s cht va c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc va c kh
nng phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 7.Cu 13-CD 13-415: Dy cc cht no di y u phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin
thng?
A. Glucoz, glixerol v saccaroz.
B. Glucoz, glixerol v metyl axetat.
C. Etylen glicol, glixerol v ancol etylic. D. Glixerol, glucoz v etyl axetat.
DNG 3: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH Br 2

L THUYT
- Dung dch brom c mu nu
- Nhng cht tc dng vi dung dch brom gm
1. Hidrocacbon bao gm cc loi sau:
+ Xiclopropan: C 3H6 (vng)
+ Anken: CH2=CH2....(CnH2n)
+ Ankin: CHCH.......(C nH2n-2)
+ Ankadien: CH 2=CH-CH=CH2...... (CnH2n-2)
+ Stiren: C6H5-CH=CH2
2. Cc hp cht hu c c gc hidrocacbon khng no
+ in hnh l gc vinyl: -CH=CH 2
3. Andehit R-CHO
R-CHO + Br2 + H2O R-COOH + HBr
4. Cc hp cht c nhm chc andehit
+ Axit fomic
+ Este ca axit fomic
+ Glucozo
+ Mantozo
5. Phenol (C6H5-OH) v anilin (C 6H5-NH2): Phn ng th vng thm
OH
OH
+ 3Br-Br
Br
Br
+ 3HBr
Br
2,4,6-tribromphenol
(kt ta trng)
(dng phn t: C 6H5OH + 3Br2 C6H2Br3OHtrng + 3HBr )
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 4.
- Tng t vi anilin
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 48-B8-371: Cho dy cc cht: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H5OH, CH2=CH-COOH, C6H5NH2
(anilin), C6H5OH (phenol), C6H6 (benzen). S cht trong dy phn ng c vi nc brom l
A. 7.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 8.
Cu 2.Cu 39: Hirocacbon X khng lm mt mu dung dch brom nhit thng. Tn gi ca X
l
A. xiclopropan.
B. etilen.
C. xiclohexan.
D. stiren.
Cu 3.Cu 25-CD9-956: Cht X c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N v lm mt mu dung dch brom.
Tn gi ca X l
A. axit -aminopropionic.
B. metyl aminoaxetat.
C. axit -aminopropionic.
D. amoni acrylat.
Cu 4.Cu 28-B10-937: Trong cc cht: xiclopropan, benzen, stiren, metyl acrylat, vinyl axetat,
imetyl ete, s cht c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 6.
Cu 5.Cu 16-A12-296: Cho dy cc cht: stiren, ancol benzylic, anilin, toluen, phenol (C6H5OH). S
cht trong dy c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Cu 6.Cu 52-A12-296: Cho dy cc cht: cumen, stiren, isopren, xiclohexan, axetilen, benzen. S
cht trong dy lm mt mu dung dch brom l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 7.Cu 46-B13-279: Hirocacbon no sau y khi phn ng vi dung dch brom thu c 1,2ibrombutan?
A. But-1-en.
B. Butan.
C. Buta-1,3-ien.
D. But-1-in.
Cu 8.Cu 58-B13-279: Cho dy cht sau: isopren, anilin, anehit axetic, toluen, pentan, axit
metacrylic v stiren. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi nc brom l
A. 6.
B. 4.
C. 7.
D. 5.
DNG 4: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI H 2

L THUYT
1. Hidrocacbon bao gm cc loi sau:
Hidrocacbon bao gm cc loi sau:
+xicloankan vng 3 cnh:C nH2n
VD: Xiclopropan: C 3H6 (vng 3 cnh), xiclobutan C 4H8 (vng 4 cnh)...
(cc em nh l vng 3 cnh v 4 cnh nh VD C 6H10 m vng 3,4 cnh vn c)
+ Anken: CH2=CH2....(CnH2n)
+ Ankin: CHCH.......(C nH2n-2)
+ Ankadien: CH 2=CH-CH=CH2...... (CnH2n-2)
+ Stiren: C6H5-CH=CH2
+ benzen (C6H6), toluen (C6H5-CH3)....
2. Cc hp cht hu c c gc hidrocacbon khng no
+ in hnh l gc vinyl: -CH=CH 2
3. Andehit R-CHO ancol bc I
R-CHO + H2 R-CH2OH
4. Xeton R-CO-R ancol bc II
R-CO-R + H2 R-CHOH-R
5. Cc hp cht c nhm chc andehit hoc xeton
- glucozo C6H12O6
CH2OH-[CHOH]4-CHO + H2 CH2OH-[CHOH]4-CH2OH
Sobitol
- Fructozo C6H12O6
CH2OH-[CHOH]3-CO-CH2OH + H2 CH2OH-[CHOH]4-CH2OH
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 5.
Sobitol
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 18-CD8-216: Cho cc cht sau: CH3-CH2-CHO (1), CH2=CH-CHO (2), (CH3)2CH-CHO
(3), CH2=CH-CH2-OH (4). Nhng cht phn ng hon ton vi lng d H2 (Ni, to) cng to ra mt
sn phm l:
A. (2), (3), (4).
B. (1), (2), (4).
C. (1), (2), (3).
D. (1), (3), (4).
Cu 2.Cu 16-CD9-956: Cho cc cht: xiclobutan, 2-metylpropen, but-1-en, cis-but-2-en, 2metylbut-2-en. Dy gm cc cht sau khi phn ng vi H2 (d, xc tc Ni, t o), cho cng mt sn phm
l:
A. xiclobutan, 2-metylbut-2-en v but-1-en.
B. but-1-en, 2-metylpropen v cis-but-2-en.
C. 2-metylpropen, cis-but-2-en v xiclobutan.
D. xiclobutan, cis-but-2-en v but-1-en.
Cu 3.Cu 56-A10-684: Hiro ho cht hu c X thu c (CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH3. Cht X c tn
thay th l
A. 2-metylbutan-3-on.
B. 3-metylbutan-2-ol.
C. metyl isopropyl xeton.
D. 3-metylbutan-2-on.
Cu 4.Cu 32-B10-937: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, to), to ra sn phm c
kh nng phn ng vi Na l:
A. C2H3CHO, CH3COOC2H3, C6H5COOH.
B. C2H3CH2OH, CH3COCH3, C2H3COOH.
C. CH3OC2H5, CH3CHO, C2H3COOH.
D. C2H3CH2OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
Cu 5.Cu 43-B10-937: C bao nhiu cht hu c mch h dng iu ch 4-metylpentan-2-ol ch
bng phn ng cng H2 (xc tc Ni, to)?
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 6.Cu 32-CD10-824: ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O c bao nhiu hp cht mch h bn
khi tc dng vi kh H2 (xc tc Ni, to) sinh ra ancol?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 7.Cu 12-B13-279: Trong cc cht: stiren, axit acrylic, axit axetic, vinylaxetilen v butan, s cht
c kh nng tham gia phn ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, un nng) l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 8.Cu 55-CD13-415: Cho cc cht: but-1-en, but-1-in, buta-1,3-ien, vinylaxetilen, isobutilen,
anlen. C bao nhiu cht trong s cc cht trn khi phn ng hon ton vi kh H2 d (xc tc Ni, un
nng) to ra butan?
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 3.
DNG 5: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH NaOH

L THUYT
+ Dn xut halogen
R-X + NaOH ROH + NaX
+ Phenol
C6H5OH + NaOH C6H5ONa + H2O
+ Axit cacboxylic
R-COOH + NaOH R-COONa + H 2O
+ Este
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
+ Mui ca amin
R-NH3Cl + NaOH R-NH 2 + NaCl + H2O
+ Aminoaxit
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 6.
H2N-R-COOH + NaOH H 2N-R-RCOONa + H 2O

+ Mui ca nhm amino ca aminoaxit
HOOC-R-NH3Cl + 2NaOH NaOOC-R-NH 2 + NaCl + 2H2O
Lu :
Cht tc dng vi Na, K
- Cha nhm OH:
R-OH + Na R-ONa + H 2
- Cha nhm COOH
RCOOH + Na R-COONa + H 2
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 39-B07-285: Cho cc cht: etyl axetat, anilin, ancol (ru) etylic, axit acrylic,
phenol, phenylamoniclorua, ancol (ru) benzylic, p-crezol. Trong cc cht ny, s cht tc dng
c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 2.Cu 19-B8-371: Cho cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C2H8O3N2 tc dng vi dung dch
NaOH, thu c cht hu c n chc Y v cc cht v c. Khi lng phn t (theo vC) ca Y l
A. 46.
B. 85.
C. 45.
D. 68.
Cu 3.Cu 23-CD8-216: Cho dy cc cht: phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat,
etanol. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi NaOH (trong dung dch) l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 4.
Cu 4.Cu 15-B9-148: Cho hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2. Khi
phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, X to ra H2NCH2COONa v cht hu c Z; cn Y to ra
CH2=CHCOONa v kh T. Cc cht Z v T ln lt l
A. CH3OH v NH3. B. CH3OH v CH3NH2.
C. CH3NH2 v NH3. D. C2H5OH v N2.
Cu 5.Cu 39-B9-148: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y l ng ng k tip, u tc dng vi Na v c
phn ng trng bc. Bit phn trm khi lng oxi trong X, Y ln lt l 53,33% v 43,24%. Cng
thc cu to ca X v Y tng ng l
A. HOCH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CHO.
B. HOCH2CH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CH2CHO.
C. HOCH(CH3)CHO v HOOCCH2CHO.
D. HCOOCH3 v HCOOCH2CH3.
Cu 6.Cu 24-CD9-956: S hp cht l ng phn cu to, c cng cng thc phn t C4H8O2, tc
dng c vi dung dch NaOH nhng khng tc dng c vi Na l
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 7.Cu 4-B10-937: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2, u l
cht rn iu kin thng. Cht X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, gii phng kh. Cht Y c
phn ng trng ngng. Cc cht X v Y ln lt l
A. vinylamoni fomat v amoni acrylat.
B. axit 2-aminopropionic v axit 3-aminopropionic.
C. axit 2-aminopropionic v amoni acrylat.
D. amoni acrylat v axit 2-aminopropionic.
Cu 8.Cu 35-A11-318: Cho dy cc cht: phenylamoni clorua, benzyl clorua, isopropyl clorua, mcrezol, ancol benzylic, natri phenolat, anlyl clorua. S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch
NaOH long, un nng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Cu 9.Cu 29-B11-846: Cho dy cc cht: phenyl axetat, anlyl axetat, metyl axetat, etyl fomat,
tripanmitin. S cht trong dy khi thy phn trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng sinh ra ancol l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 10.Cu 5-CD12-169: Cho dy cc dung dch: axit axetic, phenylamoni clorua, natri axetat,
metylamin, glyxin, phenol (C6H5OH). S dung dch trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 6.
D. 5.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 7.
DNG 6: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH HCl

L THUYT
- Tnh axit sp xp tng dn: C 6H5OH < H2CO3 < RCOOH < HCl
- Nguyn tc: Axit mnh y axit yu ra khi mui
- Nhng cht tc dng c vi HCl gm
+ Hp cht cha gc hidrocacbon khng no. in hnh l gc vinyl -CH=CH 2
CH2=CH-COOH + HCl CH 3-CHCl-COOH
+ Mui ca phenol
C6H5ONa + HCl C6H5OH + NaCl
+ Mui ca axit cacboxylic
RCOONa + HCl RCOOH + NaCl
+ Amin
R-NH2 + HCl R-NH 3Cl
- Aminoaxit
HOOC-R-NH 2 + HCl HOOC-R-NH 3Cl
+ Mui ca nhm cacboxyl ca aminoaxit
H2N-R-COONa + 2HCl ClH 3N-R-COONa + NaCl
+ Ngoi ra cn c este, peptit, protein, saccarozo, mantozo, tinh bot, xenlulozo tham gia phn
ng thy phn trong mi trng axit
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 40-B8-371: un nng cht H2N-CH2-CONH-CH(CH3)-CONH-CH2-COOH trong dung
dch HCl (d), sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c sn phm l:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH, H2N-CH(CH3)-COOH.
B. H2N-CH2-COOH, H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.
C. H3N+-CH2-COOHCl-, H3N+-CH2-CH2-COOHCl-.
D. H3N+-CH2-COOHCl-, H3N+-CH(CH3)-COOHCl -.
Cu 2.Cu 49-CD8-216: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5OH (phenol), C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH,
CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2NH2. S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 3.Cu 60-CD 13-415: Cht no di y khi phn ng vi HCl thu c sn phm chnh l 2clobutan?
A. But-2-in.
B. But-1-en.
C. But-1-in.
D. Buta-1,3-ien
DNG 7: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH NaOH v HCl

L THUYT
+ Axit cacboxylic c gc hidrocacbon khng no
CH2=CH-COOH + NaOH CH2=CH-COONa + HCl
CH2=CH-COOH + HCl CH 3-CHCl-COOH
+ Este khng no
HCOOCH=CH 2 + NaOH HCOONa + OH-CH=CH 2 CH3-CHO
HCOOCH=CH 2 + HCl HCOOCHCl-CH 3
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 8.
+ aminoaxit
H2N-R-COOH + NaOH H2N-R-COONa + H 2O
H2N-R-COOH + HCl ClH3N-R-COOH
+ Este ca aminoaxit
H2N-R-COOR + NaOH H2N-R-COONa + ROH
H2N-R-COOR + HCl ClH3N-R-COOR
+ Mui amoni ca axit cacboxylic
R-COONH4 + NaOH R-COONa + NH 3 + H2O
R-COONH4 + HCl R-COOH + NH 4Cl
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 19-B07-285: Cho cc loi hp cht: aminoaxit (X), mui amoni ca axit cacboxylic
(Y), amin (Z), este ca aminoaxit (T). Dy gm cc loi hp cht u tc dng c vi dung dch
NaOH v u tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. X, Y, Z, T.
B. X, Y, T.
C. X, Y, Z.
D. Y, Z, T.
Cu 2.Cu 52-CD9-956: Cho tng cht H2NCH2COOH, CH3COOH, CH3COOCH3 ln lt tc
dng vi dung dch NaOH (to) v vi dung dch HCl (to). S phn ng xy ra l
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 3.
DNG 8: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI QU TM

L THUYT
- Nhng cht lm qu tm chuyn sang mu (tnh axit)
+ Axit cacboxylic: RCOOH
+ Mui ca axit mnh v bazo yu: R-NH 3Cl
+ Aminoaxit c s nhm -COOH nhiu hn s nhm -NH 2: axit glutamic,
- Nhng cht lm qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh (tnh baz)
+ Amin R-NH2 (tr C6H5NH2)
+ Mui ca bazo mnh v axit yu RCOONa
+ Aminoaxit c s nhm NH 2 nhiu hn s nhm COOH: lysin,....
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 3-B07-285: Dy gm cc cht u lm giy qu tm m chuyn sang mu xanh l:
A. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac.
B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hiroxit.
C. anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit. D. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat.
Cu 2.Cu 32-CD7-439: Trong s cc dung dch: Na2CO3, KCl, CH3COONa, NH4Cl, NaHSO4,
C6H5ONa, nhng dung dch c pH > 7 l
A. KCl, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa.
B. NH4Cl, CH3COONa, NaHSO4.
C. Na2CO3, NH4Cl, KCl.
D. Na2CO3, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa.
Cu 3.Cu 36-A8-329: C cc dung dch ring bit sau:
C6H5-NH3Cl (phenylamoni clorua), H 2N-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, ClH3N-CH2-COOH,
HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, H2N-CH2-COONa.
S lng cc dung dch c pH < 7 l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 4.Cu 38-CD10-824: Dung dch no sau y lm qu tm chuyn mu xanh?
A. Phenylamoni clorua.
B. Etylamin.
C. Anilin.
D. Glyxin.
Cu 5.Cu 31-CD11-259: Cho cc dung dch: C6H5NH2 (anilin), CH3NH2, NaOH, C2H5OH v
H2NCH2COOH. Trong cc dung dch trn, s dung dch c th lm i mu phenolphtalein l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 6.Cu 44-A 11-318: Dung dch no sau y lm qu tm i thnh mu xanh?
A. Dung dch lysin. B. Dung dch alanin. C. Dung dch glyxin. D. Dung dch valin.
Cu 7.Cu 36-B11-846: Cho ba dung dch c cng nng mol: (1) H 2NCH2COOH, (2) CH3COOH,
(3) CH3CH2NH2. Dy xp theo th t pH tng dn l:
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 9.
A. 2, 1, 3.
B. 2, 3, 1.
C. 3, 1, 2.
D. 1, 2, 3.
Cu 8.Cu 50-A12-296: Dung dch cht no sau y lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu hng?
A. Axit aminoaxetic.
B. Axit -aminopropionic.
C. Axit -aminoglutaric.
D. Axit ,-iaminocaproic.
Cu 9.Cu 33-A13-193: Dung dch no sau y lm phenolphtalein i mu?
A. axit axetic.
B. alanin.
C. glyxin.
D. metylamin
Cu 10.Cu 47-A13-193: Trong cc dung dch: CH3CH2NH2, H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH2
CH(NH2)COOH, HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH, s dung dch lm xanh qu tm l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 1.
D. 2.
DNG 9: SO SNH TNH BAZ

L THUYT
- nh gi iu ny, thng thng ta da vo 2 yu t: th nht, gc R l gc y hay ht e; th hai, s
lng gc R l bao nhiu.
- Nu gc R l y e th n s y e vo nguyn t N, lm tng mt in tch m trn N. Do , N

d nhn proton hn, tnh baz s tng. Nu cng nhiu gc R y e th mt e trn N li cng tng,
tnh baz cng mnh na. V vy, nu trong phn t amin ton l gc y e th tnh baz s nh sau:
NH3 < amin bc I < amin bc II
- Ngc li, nu gc R ht e, th n s
lm gim mt e trn nguyn t N. Mt in tch m

gim, N s kh nhn proton hn, tnh baz s gim. V cng tng t nh trn, nu cng nhiu gc
ht e th tnh baz li cng gim na. Nn nu trong phn t amin ton l gc ht th tnh baz s
theo th t sau: NH3> amin bc I > amin bc II
Tng hp hai nhn xt trn li ta c th t sau:
ht bc III < ht bc II < ht bc I < NH3 < y bc I < y bc II
- Nhm y:
Nhng gc ankyl (gc hydrocacbon no): CH 3-, C2H5-, iso propyl
Cc nhm cn cha cp e cha lin kt: -OH (cn 2 cp), -NH 2 (cn 1 cp).
- Nhm ht:
tt c cc nhm c cha lin kt , v lin kt ht e rt mnh.
Nhng gc hydrocacbon khng no: CH 2=CH- , CH2=CH-CH2-
Nhng nhm khc cha ni i nh: -COOH (cacboxyl), -CHO (andehyt), -CO- (cacbonyl), -NO 2
(nitro), .
Cc nguyn t c m in mnh: -Cl, -Br, -F (halogen)
VD: Th t sp xp tnh baz:
(C6H5-)2NH < C6H5-NH2 < NH3 < CH3-NH2 < C2H5-NH2 < (CH3)2NH < (CH3)3N.
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 7-A12-296: Cho dy cc cht: C 6H5NH2 (1), C2H5NH2 (2), (C6H5)2NH (3), (C2H5)2NH
(4), NH3 (5) (C6H5- l gc phenyl). Dy cc cht sp xp theo th t lc baz gim dn l:
A. 3, 1, 5, 2, 4.
B. 4, 1, 5, 2, 3.
C. 4, 2, 3, 1, 5.
D. 4, 2,
5, 1, 3.
Cu 2.Cu 47-CD 13-415: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo th t tng dn lc baz t tri sang
phi l:
A. Phenylamin, etylamin, amoniac.
B. Etylamin, amoniac, phenylamin.
C. Etylamin, phenylamin, amoniac.
D. Phenylamin, amoniac, etylamin.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 10.
DNG 10: SO SNH TNH AXIT

L THUYT
So snh tnh axit ca 1 s hp cht hu c l so snh linh ng ca nguyn t H trong hp cht
hu c
Hp cht no c linh ng ca nguyn t H cng cao th tnh axit cng mnh.
a. nh ngha linh ng ca nguyn t H (hidro): L kh nng phn ly ra ion H (+) ca hp
cht hu c .
b) Th t u tin so snh:
- so snh ta xt xem cc hp cht hu c cng nhm chc cha nguyn t H linh ng (VD: OH,
COOH ....) hay khng.
- Nu cc hp cht hu c c cng nhm chc th ta phi xt xem gc hydrocacbon ca cc HCHC
l gc y in t hay ht in t.
+ Nu cc hp cht hu c lin kt vi cc gc y in t (hyrocacbon no) th linh ng
ca nguyn t H hay tnh axit ca cc hp cht hu c gim.
+ Nu cc hp cht hu c lin kt vi cc gc ht in t (hyrocacbon khng no, hyrocacbon
thm) th linh ng ca nguyn t H hay tnh axit ca cc hp cht hu c tng.
c). So snh tnh axit (hay linh ng ca nguyn t H) ca cc hp cht hu c khc nhm
chc..
- Tnh axit gim dn theo th t:
Axit V C > Axit hu c > H 2CO3 > Phenol > H2O > Ru.
d). So snh tnh axit (hay linh ng ca nguyn t H) ca cc hp cht hu c cng nhm
chc.
- Tnh axit ca hp cht hu c gim dn khi lin kt vi cc gc hyrocacbon (HC) sau:
Gc HC c lin kt 3 > gc HC thm > gc HC cha lin kt i > gc HC no.
- Nu hp cht hu c cng lin kt vi cc gc y in t (gc hyrocacbon no) th gc axit gim
dn theo th t: gc cng di cng phc tp (cng nhiu nhnh) th tnh axit cng gim.
VD: CH3COOH > CH3CH2COOH > CH3CH(CH3)COOH.
- Nu cc hp cht hu c cng lin kt vi cc gc y in t nhng trong gc ny li cha cc
nhm ht in t (halogen) th tnh axit tng gim theo th t sau:
+ Cng 1 nguyn t halogen, cng xa nhm chc th th tnh axit cng gim.
VD: CH3CH(Cl)COOH > ClCH 2CH2COOH
+ Nu cng 1 v tr ca nguyn t th khi lin kt vi cc halogen s gim dn theo th t:
F > Cl > Br > I ...
VD: FCH 2COOH > ClCH2COOH >...
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 40-CD9-956: Cho cc cht HCl (X); C2H5OH (Y); CH3COOH (Z); C6H5OH (phenol)
(T). Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo tnh axit tng dn (t tri sang phi) l:
A. (T), (Y), (X), (Z). B. (Y), (T), (X), (Z). C. (X), (Z), (T), (Y). D. (Y), (T), (Z), (X).
Cu 2.Cu 57-CD11-259: Dy gm cc cht xp theo chiu lc axit tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. HCOOH, CH3COOH, CH3CH2COOH. B. CH3COOH, CH2ClCOOH, CHCl2COOH.
C. CH3COOH, HCOOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH. D. C6H5OH, CH3COOH, CH3CH2OH.
DNG 11: SO SNH NHIT SI V TAN

L THUYT
a). nh ngha:
Nhit si ca cc hp cht hu c l nhit m ti p sut hi bo ha trn b mt cht lng
bng p sut kh quyn.
b). Cc yu t nh hng n nhit si ca cc hp cht hu c.
C 2 yu t nh hng n nhit si l khi lng phn t ca hp cht hu c v lin kt hiro
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 11.
ca HCHC .
c). So snh nhit si gia cc hp cht.
- Nu hp cht hu c u khng c lin kt hiro th cht no c khi lng phn t ln hn th
nhit si cao hn.
- Nu cc hp cht hu c c cng nhm chc th cht no c khi lng phn t ln hn th nhit
si cao hn.
- Cht c lin kt hiro thi c nhit si cao hn cht khng c lin kt hiro.
- Nu cc hp cht hu c c cc nhm chc khc nhau th cht no c linh ng ca nguyn t
ln hn th c nhit si cao hn nhng 2 hp cht phi c khi lng phn t xp x nhau.
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 20-B07-285: Cho cc cht: axit propionic (X), axit axetic (Y), ancol (ru) etylic (Z) v
imetyl ete (T). Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si l
A. T, Z, Y, X.
B. Z, T, Y, X.
C. T, X, Y, Z.
D. Y, T, X, Z.
Cu 2.Cu 3-A8-329: Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi
l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH. B. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
C. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH. D. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
Cu 3.Cu 32-B9-148: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang
phi l:
A. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO.
B. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.
C. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
D. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 4.Cu 21-CD 12-169: Cho dy cc cht: etan, etanol, etanal, axit etanoic. Cht c nhit si cao
nht trong dy l
A. axit etanoic.
B. etanol.
C. etanal.
D. etan.
DNG 12: NG PHN CA CHT HU C

L THUYT
- Phn loi hp cht
* Xc nh gi tr k da vo cng thc C nH2n+2-2kOz (z 0)
=> Xc nh nhm chc : -OH, -COOH, -CH=O, -COO-
=> Xc nh gc hirocacbon no, khng no, thm, vng, h
- Vit ng phn cho tng loi hp cht
* Vit mch C theo th t mch C gim dn.
Tm li : T CTTQ
k=?
Mch C v nhm chc
1. Cng thc tnh nhanh mt s ng phn thng gp
a. Hp cht no, n chc mch h
TT
CTPT
HP CHT
CNG THC TNH
GHI CH
2n 2
1<n<6
Ete n chc, no, mch h
(n 1)(n 2)
2
2<n<6
Anehit n chc, no, mch h
(n 2)(n 3)
2
2<n<7
Xeton n chc, no, mch h
2n3
2<n<7
2n3
2n 2
2<n<7
1<n<5
2n1
1<n<5
Ancol n chc, no, mch h

1
CnH2n + 2O
CnH2nO
ng phn (cu to v hnh hc)
CnH2nO2
Axit no, n chc, mch h

Este n chc, no, mch h
CnH2n + 3N
Amin n chc, no, mch h
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 12.
b. Tnh s loi trieste

Khi cho glixerol + n axit bo (n nguyn dng) th s loi tri este to ra c tnh theo cng
thc:
Loi trieste
Cng thc (s loi tri este)
Trieste cha 1 gc axit ging nhau
=n
Trieste cha 2 gc axit khc nhau
2
= 4.C n
3
= 3. C n
Trieste cha 3 gc axit khc nhau

Cng thc chung (tng s trieste)
= n + 4.C2n + 3. C3n (n 3)
Vi n = 1: => S trieste = 1
2
Vi n = 2: => S trieste = 2 + 4. C2 = 6
2
3
Vi n = 3: => S trieste = 3 4. C3 3. C3 = 18
2
2
Vi n 4 => S trieste = n 4. Cn 3. Cn
n 2 (n + 1)
Cng thc 2: S trieste =
2
c.Tnh s loi mono este, ieste
Khi cho glixerol + n axit bo th s loi mono este v i este to ra c tnh theo cng thc:
Loi este
Cng thc
Mono este
= 2n
i este
Cng thc
- i este cha 1 loi gc axit
= 2n
- i este cha 2 loi gc axit khc nhau
= 3. Cn
Tng
2n + 2n + 3. Cn
(n 2)
2
VD : Cho glixerin tc dng vi hn hp 3 axit bo gm C17H35COOH, C17H31COOH v

C17H33COOH th to c ti a bao nhiu loi cht bo?
A. 12
B. 16
C. 18
D. 20
HDG:
Lu s cht bo l s trieste
p dng cng thc vi n = 3 ta c:
2
3
n + 4. C3 + 3. C3 = 18 => p n C.
d. T n amino axit khc nhau ta c n! s peptit. Nhng nu c i cp amino axit ging nhau th
n!
cng thc tnh s peptit l i
2
2. iu kin c ng phn hnh hc
- C lin kt i trong mch
- Cacbon c lin kt i phi gn vi 2 nhm nguyn t khc nhau
R1R2C = CR3R4 ( th R1 R2 v R3 R4 )
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 2-B07-285: Cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10O (u l dn xut ca
benzen) c tnh cht: tch nc thu c sn phm c th trng hp to polime, khng tc dng c
vi NaOH. S lng ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10O, tho mn tnh cht trn l
A. 1.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Cu 2.Cu 28-B07-285: Cho glixerol (glixerin) phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C17H35COOH v
C15H31COOH, s loi trieste c to ra ti a l
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 13.
A. 6.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 3.Cu 43-B07-285: Hai este n chc X v Y l ng phn ca nhau. Khi ho hi 1,85 gam X,
thu c th tch hi ng bng th tch ca 0,7 gam N2 (o cng iu kin). Cng thc cu to thu
gn ca X v Y l
A. HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3.
B. C2H3COOC2H5 v C2H5COOC2H3.
C. C2H5COOCH3 v HCOOCH(CH3)2.
D. HCOOCH2CH2CH3 v CH3COOC2H5
Cu 4.Cu 18-CD7-439: C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu
to ca nhau m phn t ca chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%? (Cho H = 1; C =
12; O = 16)
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Cu 5.Cu 39-CD7-439: S hp cht n chc, ng phn cu to ca nhau c cng cng thc phn
t C4H8O2, u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 5.
B. 3.
C. 6.
D. 4.
Cu 6.Cu 41-CD7-439: Hp cht hu c X (phn t c vng benzen) c cng thc phn t l
C7H8O2, tc dng c vi Na v vi NaOH. Bit rng khi cho X tc dng vi Na d, s mol H2 thu
c bng s mol X tham gia phn ng v X ch tc dng c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1.
Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3OC6H4OH.
B. HOC6H4CH2OH. C. CH3C6H3(OH)2. D. C6H5CH(OH)2.
Cu 7.Cu 9-A8-329: Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt qu:
tng khi lng ca cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ru (ancol) ng
vi cng thc phn t ca X l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 8.Cu 10-A8-329: S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 9.Cu 27-A8-329: S ng phn hirocacbon thm ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10 l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 10.Cu 46-A8-329: Cho cc cht sau: CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2, CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH 2-CH3,
CH3-C(CH3)=CH-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2. S cht c ng phn hnh hc l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 4.
Cu 11.Cu 53-A8-329: S ng phn xeton ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 4.
Cu 12.Cu 29-B8-371: Hirocacbon mch h X trong phn t ch cha lin kt v c hai nguyn
t cacbon bc batrong mt phn t. t chy hon ton 1 th tch X sinh ra 6 th tch CO2 ( cng
iu kin nhit , p sut). Khi cho X tc dng vi Cl2 (theo t l s mol 1 : 1), s dn xut monoclo
ti a sinh ra l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 13.Cu 18-B9-148: S ipeptit ti a c th to ra t mt hn hp gm alanin v glyxin l
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 14.Cu 21-CD9-956: S ng phn cu to ca amin bc mt c cng cng thc phn t C4H11N
l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Cu 15.Cu 55-CD9-956: Cho cc cht: CH 2=CHCH=CH2; CH3CH2CH=C(CH3)2;
CH3CH=CHCH=CH2; CH3CH=CH2; CH3CH=CHCOOH. S cht c ng phn hnh hc l
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 16.Cu 4-A10-684: Trong s cc cht: C3H8, C3H7Cl, C3H8O v C3H9N; cht c nhiu ng phn
cu to nht l
A. C3H7Cl.
B. C3H8.
C. C3H9N.
D. C3H8O.
Cu 17.Cu 6-A10-684: Tng s cht hu c mch h, c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2 l
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 18.Cu 10-A10-684: C bao nhiu tripeptit (mch h) khc loi m khi thy phn hon ton u
thu c 3 aminoaxit: glyxin, alanin v phenylalanin?
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 14.
A. 4.
B. 9.
C. 3.
D. 6.
Cu 19.Cu 11-B10-937: Tng s hp cht hu c no, n chc, mch h, c cng cng thc phn
t C5H10O2, phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH nhng khng c phn ng trng bc l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 8.
D. 9.
Cu 20.Cu 11-CD10-824: Hai cht X v Y c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2. Cht X phn ng
c vi kim loi Na v tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cht Y phn ng c vi kim loi Na v
ho tan c CaCO3. Cng thc ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. HCOOCH3, HOCH2CHO.
B. HCOOCH3, CH3COOH.
C. HOCH2CHO, CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO.
Cu 21.Cu 14-CD10-824: ng vi cng thc phn t C2H7O2N c bao nhiu cht va phn ng
c vi dung dch NaOH, va phn ng c vi dung dch HCl?
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 22.Cu 15-CD10-824: Thu phn cht hu c X trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng, thu
c sn phm gm 2 mui v ancol etylic. Cht X l
A. CH3COOCH2CH3.
B. CH3COOCH2CH2Cl.
C. CH3COOCH(Cl)CH3.
D. ClCH2COOC2H5.
Cu 23.Cu 26-CD10-824: S lin kt (xich ma) c trong mi phn t: etilen; axetilen; buta-1,3ien ln lt l:
A. 5; 3; 9.
B. 3; 5; 9.
C. 4; 3; 6.
D. 4; 2; 6.
Cu 24.Cu 43-CD10-824: Cp cht no sau y khng phi l ng phn ca nhau?
A. Saccaroz v xenluloz.
B. Glucoz v fructoz.
C. Ancol etylic v imetyl ete.
D. 2-metylpropan-1-ol v butan-2-ol.
Cu 25.Cu 52-CD10-824: Cht no sau y c ng phn hnh hc?
A. But-2-in.
B. 1,2-icloetan.
C. 2-clopropen.
D. But-2-en.
Cu 26.Cu 53-CD10-824: S amin thm bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C7H9N l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 27.Cu 33-CD11-259: S ancol ng phn cu to ca nhau c cng thc phn t C5H12O, tc
dng vi CuO un nng sinh ra xeton l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 28.Cu 34-CD11-259: Cht no sau y c ng phn hnh hc?
A. CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
B. CH3-CH=C(CH3)2.
C. CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3.
37-CD11-259:
Hai
cht
hu
c
X,
Y
c thnh phn phn t gm C, H, O (MX < MY <
Cu 29.Cu
82). C X v Y u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc v u phn ng c vi dung dch
KHCO3 sinh ra kh CO2. T khi hi ca Y so vi X c gi tr l
A. 1,47.
B. 1,91.
C. 1,57.
D. 1,61.
Cu 30.Cu 46-CD11-259: Cho cc cht: axetilen, vinylaxetilen, cumen, stiren, xiclohexan,
xiclopropan v xiclopentan. Trong cc cht trn, s cht phn ng c vi dung dch brom l
A. 6.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 31.Cu 47-CD11-259: S hp cht ng phn cu to ca nhau c cng thc phn t C8H10O,
trong phn t c vng benzen, tc dng c vi Na, khng tc dng c vi NaOH l
A. 7.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 32.Cu 11-A11-318: Cho 13,8 gam cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H8 tc dng vi mt
lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 45,9 gam kt ta. X c bao nhiu ng phn cu to
tha mn tnh cht trn?
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 33.Cu 13-A11-318: Hp cht hu c X cha vng benzen c cng thc phn t trng vi cng
thc n gin nht. Trong X, t l khi lng cc nguyn t l mC : mH : mO = 21 : 2 : 8. Bit khi X
phn ng hon ton vi Na th thu c s mol kh hiro bng s mol ca X phn ng. X c bao
nhiu ng phn (cha vng benzen) tha mn cc tnh cht trn?
A. 3.
B. 9.
C. 7.
D. 10.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 15.
Cu 34.Cu 50-A11-318: Cho buta-1,3-ien phn ng cng vi Br2 theo t l mol 1:1. S dn xut
ibrom (ng phn cu to v ng phn hnh hc) thu c l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Cu 35.Cu 32-B11-846: Ancol v amin no sau y cng bc?
A. (CH3)2CHOH v (CH3)2CHNH2.
B. (C6H5)2NH v C6H5CH2OH.
C. C6H5NHCH3 v C6H5CH(OH)CH3.
D. (CH3)3COH v (CH3)3CNH2.
Cu 36.Cu 49-B11-846: S ng phn cu to ca C5H10 phn ng c vi dung dch brom l
A. 8.
B. 7.
C. 9.
D. 5.
Cu 37.Cu 5-B12-359: Thy phn este X mch h c cng thc phn t C4H6O2, sn phm
thu c c kh nng trng bc. S este X tha mn tnh cht trn l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Cu 38.Cu 35-A12-296: Hiro ha hon ton hirocacbon mch h X thu c isopentan. S cng
thc cu to c th c ca X l
A. 6.
B. 7.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 39.Cu 40-A12-296: Cho dy cc hp cht thm: p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, p-HO-C6H4-COOC2H5, pHO-C6H4-COOH, p-HCOO-C6H4-OH, p-CH3O-C6H4-OH. C bao nhiu cht trong dy tha mn ng
thi 2 iu kin sau?
(a) Ch tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 1.
(b) Tc dng c vi Na (d) to ra s mol H2 bng s mol cht phn ng.
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 40.Cu 16-B12-359: S trieste khi thy phn u thu c sn phm gm glixerol, axit
CH3COOH v axit C2H5COOH l
A. 9.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 2.
Cu 41.Cu 45-B12-359: C bao nhiu cht cha vng benzen c cng cng thc phn t C7H8O?
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 4.
Cu 42.Cu 47-B12-359: Cho axit cacboxylic X phn ng vi cht Y thu c mt mui c
cng thc phn t C3H9O2N (sn phm duy nht). S cp cht X v Y tha mn iu kin trn l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 43.Cu 15-CD 12-169: S ancol bc I l ng phn cu to ca nhau c cng thc phn t C5H12O
l
A. 8.
B. 1.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 44.Cu 38-CD 12-169: S nhm amino v s nhm cacboxyl c trong mt phn t axit glutamic
tng ng l
A. 1 v 2.
B. 1 v 1.
C. 2 v 1.
D. 2 v 2.
Cu 45.Cu 25-A13-193: ng vi cng thc phn t C 4H10O c bao nhiu ancol l ng phn cu to
ca nhau?
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 46. Cu 20-B13-279: S ng phn amin bc mt, cha vng benzen, c cng cng thc phn t
C7H9N l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 47. Cu 37-B13-279: Cht no sau y trong phn t ch c lin kt n?
A. Metyl fomat.
B. Axit axetic.
C. Anehit axetic. D. Ancol etylic.
Cu 48. Cu 4-CD 13-415: S ng phn cha vng benzen, c cng thc phn t C7H8O, phn ng
c vi Na l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Cu 49. Cu 25-CD 13-415: S ng phn cu to, mch h ng vi cng thc phn t C4H6 l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 50. Cu 42-CD13-415: Hp cht X c cng thc phn t C5H8O2, khi tham gia phn ng x
phng ha thu c mt anehit v mt mui ca axit cacboxylic. S ng phn cu to tha mn
tnh cht trn ca X l
A. 5.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 2.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 16.
DNG 13: PHN NG TCH NC CA ANCOL

L THUYT
1. Cc loi phn ng tch nc
* C 3 loi sau:
Tch nc to anken
Tch nc to ete.
Tch nc c bit.
2. Phn ng tc nc to anken ( olefin)
a. iu in:
* k ancol n, no s C 2.
* k phn ng: H2SO4 c, 170oC.
dkpu
CnH2n + H2O.
b. Phn ng: CnH2n + 1OH
n 2
Ancol no, n
anken ( olefin)
X
Y
Ta c: dY/X < 1
3. Phn ng tch nc to ete.
a. iu in:
* k ancol: vi mi ancol.
* k phn ng: H 2SO4 c, 140oC.
b. Phn ng:
H 2 SO4
R-O-R + H2O.
* ancol n: ROH + ROH
140o C
X
Y
ta c: dY/X > 1
H 2 SO4
Rb-(O)a.b-Ra + a.b H2O
* ancol a: bR(OH) a + aR(OH)b
140o C
4. Tch nc c bit.
a. Phn ng C2H5OH vi oxit kim loi ( Al 2O3,...) 450oC.
Al2 O3 , ZnO
CH2=CH-CH=CH2 + H2 + 2H2O.
2C2H5OH
450o C
buta-1,3-dien
b. Phn ng tch nc ca ancol a vi H 2SO4 c, 170oC.
H 2 SO4
CH3CHO + H2O
C2H4(OH)2
1700 C
H 2 SO4
HOCH2-CH2-CHO + H2O
C3H5(OH)3
1700 C
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 2-A7-748: Khi tch nc t mt cht X c cng thc phn t C4H10O to thnh ba anken
l ng phn ca nhau (tnh c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH.
B. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3.
C. CH3OCH2CH2CH3.
D. (CH3)3COH.
Cu 2.Cu 47-CD7-439: Khi thc hin phn ng tch nc i vi ru (ancol) X, ch thu c mt
anken duy nht. Oxi ho hon ton mt lng cht X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 5,4 gam
nc. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp vi X? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 3.Cu 31-A8-329: Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol),
sn phm chnh thu c l
A. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en). B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en). D. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en).
Cu 4.Cu 11-CD8-216: Khi un nng hn hp ru (ancol) gm CH3OH v C2H5OH (xc tc
H2SO4 c, 140oC) th s ete thu c ti a l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Cu 5.Cu 16-B13-279: Tn gi ca anken (sn phm chnh) thu c khi un nng ancol
c cng thc (CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH3 vi dung dch H2SO4 c l
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 17.
A. 3-metylbut-2-en. B. 2-metylbut-1-en. C. 2-metylbut-2-en. D. 3-metylbut-1-en.

Cu 6.Cu 55-B13-279: un si dung dch gm cht X v KOH c trong C2H5OH, thu c etilen.
Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH3CHCl2.
C. CH3CH2Cl.
D. CH3COOCH=CH2.
NG 14: PHN NG CNG NC V PHN NG THY PHN

L THUYT
1. Phn ng cng H 2O
a. Cc anken cng H 2O/H+ to ancol
H+
CnH2n + H2O
CnH2n+1OH
- Thng anken cng H 2O/H+ c th to ra 2 ancol, nu anken c tnh i xng th ch to mt ancol
duy nht.
b. Ankin cng H2O/HgSO4 to andehit hoc xeton
- C2H2 cng nc to ra andehit
HgSO4 ,t o
C2H2 + H2O
CH3CHO
- Cc ankin khc cng nc to ra xeton
HgSO4 ,t o
R-CC-R + H 2O
R CO- CH2-R
2. Phn ng thy phn
a.Este b thy phn trong mi trng axit, mi trng kim
- Trong mi trng axit thy phn este l phn ng thun nghch, trong mi trng kim thy phn
este l phn ng mt chiu ( gi l phn ng x phng ha)
- este n thy phn
H+
RCOOR + H2O
RCOOH + ROH
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
Este thy phn thng to ancol, nhng nu este dng RCOOCH=R th to andehit, este dng
RCOOCR=R th to xeton.
RCOOC6H4R + 2NaOH RCOONa + RC 6H5ONa + H2O
R C = O + NaOH HO R COONa
O
- este a thy phn
Ra(COO)abRb + abNaOH aR(COONa) b + bR(OH)a
b. Cht bo x phng ha to ra mui v glixerol
(RCOO)3C3H5 + NaOH 3RCOONa + C 3H5(OH)3
c. disaccarit, polisaccarit ( saccaroz, mantoz, tinh bt, xenluloz) b thy phn trong mi trng
axit
H+
C12H22O11 + H2O
C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
Saccaroz
glucoz fructoz
H+
C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6
Mantoz
glucoz
H+
(C6H10O5)n + nH2O
nC6H12O6
Tinh bt, xenluloz
glucoz
d. Peptit v protein thy phn trong mi trng axit, ln mi trng kim
- thy phn hon ton
H+
H[NH-R-CO]nOH + (n-1) H2O
nH2N-R-COOH
H[NH-R-CO]nOH + n NaOH nH 2N-R-COONa + H 2O
- Thy phn khng hon ton peptit trong mi trng axit thu c cc peptit nh hn v amino
axit
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 18.
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 21-A1-748: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l
A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
B. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
C. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
D. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
Cu 2.Cu 51-A1-748: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thu phn trong mi trng
axit thu c axetanehit. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l
A. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
B. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2.
C. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3.
D. CH3COO-CH=CH2.
Cu 3.Cu 46-B07-285: Thy phn este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (vi xc tc axit), thu c 2
sn phm hu c X v Y. T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y. Vy cht X l
A. ru metylic.
B. etyl axetat.
C. axit fomic.
D. ru etylic.
Cu 4.Cu 37-CD7-439: Este X khng no, mch h, c t khi hi so vi oxi bng 3,125 v khi tham
gia phn ng x phng ho to ra mt anehit v mt mui ca axit hu c. C bao nhiu cng thc
cu to ph hp vi X?
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 5.Cu 12-A8-329: Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz, mantoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng
A. thy phn.
B. trng gng.
C. trng ngng.
D. ho tan Cu(OH)2.
Cu 6.Cu 37-A9-438: X phng ho mt hp cht c cng thc phn t C10H14O6 trong dung dch
NaOH (d), thu c glixerol v hn hp gm ba mui (khng c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc
ca ba mui l:
A. CH2=CH-COONa, CH3-CH2-COONa v HCOONa.
B. CH3-COONa, HCOONa v CH3-CH=CH-COONa.
C. CH2=CH-COONa, HCOONa v CHC-COONa.
D. HCOONa, CHC-COONa v CH3-CH2-COONa.
Cu 7.Cu 21-A10-684: Anken X hp nc to thnh 3-etylpentan-3-ol. Tn ca X l
A. 3-etylpent-2-en. B. 3-etylpent-3-en. C. 3-etylpent-1-en. D. 2-etylpent-2-en.
Cu 8.Cu 8-B10-937: Cc cht u khng b thu phn trong dung dch H2SO4 long nng l:
A. t capron; nilon-6,6; polietilen.
B. poli(vinyl axetat); polietilen; cao su buna.
C. nilon-6,6; poli(etylen-terephtalat); polistiren. D. polietilen; cao su buna; polistiren.
Cu 9.Cu 17-B10-937: Thy phn este Z trong mi trng axit thu c hai cht hu c X v Y
(MX < MY). Bng mt phn ng c th chuyn ho X thnh Y. Cht Z khng th l
A. metyl propionat. B. metyl axetat.
C. etyl axetat.
D. vinyl axetat.
Cu 10.Cu 37-B10-937: Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C6H10O4. Thu phn X
to ra hai ancol n chc c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t gp i nhau. Cng thc ca X l
A. C2H5OCO-COOCH3.
B. CH3OCO-CH2-CH2-COOC2H5.
C. CH3OCO-CH2-COOC2H5.
D. CH3OCO-COOC3H7.
Cu 11.Cu 48-B10-937: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu c 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 1
mol alanin (Ala), 1 mol valin (Val) v 1 mol phenylalanin (Phe). Thy phn khng hon ton X thu c
ipeptit Val-Phe v tripeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhng khng thu c ipeptit Gly-Gly. Cht X c cng thc l
A. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly.
B. Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Val.
C. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly.
D. Gly-Ala-Val-Val-Phe.
Cu 12.Cu 44-CD10-824: Nu thu phn khng hon ton pentapeptit Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly th
thu c ti a bao nhiu ipeptit khc nhau?
A. 1.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 13.Cu 1-CD11-259: Cho cc polime: (1) polietilen, (2) poli(metyl metacrylat), (3)
polibutaien, (4) polistiren, (5) poli(vinyl axetat) v (6) t nilon-6,6. Trong cc polime trn, cc
polime c th b thu phn trong dung dch axit v dung dch kim l:
A. (1), (4), (5).
B. (1), (2), (5).
C. (2), (5), (6).
D. (2),
(3), (6).
Cu 14.Cu 37-B12-359: Este X l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t l C9H10O2. Cho X tc dng
vi dung dch NaOH, to ra hai mui u c phn t khi ln hn 80. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca
X l
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 19.
A. CH3COOCH2C6H5. B. HCOOC6H4C2H5. C. C6H5COOC2H5. D. C2H5COOC6H5.

Cu 15.Cu 41-B12-359: Cho dy cc cht sau: toluen, phenyl fomat, fructoz, glyxylvalin (GlyVal), etylen glicol, triolein. S cht b thu phn trong mi trng axit l
A. 6.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 16. Cu 56-B12-359: Hirat ha 2-metylbut-2-en (iu kin nhit , xc tc thch hp) thu c
sn phm chnh l
A. 2-metylbutan-2-ol.
B. 3-metylbutan-2-ol.
C. 3-metylbutan-1-ol.
D. 2-metylbutan-3-ol.
Cu 17. Cu 28-CD12-169: Cho cc este: etyl fomat (1), vinyl axetat (2), triolein (3), metyl acrylat
(4), phenyl axetat (5). Dy gm cc este u phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH (un nng) sinh ra
ancol l:
A. 1, 3, 4.
B. 3, 4, 5.
C. 1, 2, 3.
D. 2, 3, 5.
Cu 18. Cu 28-A13-193: Cht no sau y khi un nng vi dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm c
anehit?
A. CH3COOCH2CH=CH2.
B. CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2.
C. CH2=CHCOOCH2CH3.
D. CH3COOCH=CHCH3.
Cu 19. Cu 43-A13-193: Dy cc cht u c kh nng tham gia phn ng thy phn trong dung
dch H2SO4 un nng l:
A. glucoz, tinh bt v xenluloz.
B. saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz.
C. glucoz, saccaroz v fructoz.
D. fructoz, saccaroz v tinh bt.
Cu 20. Cu 44-B13-279: Este no sau y khi phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng khng
to ra hai mui?
A. C6H5COOC6H5 (phenyl benzoat).
B. CH3COO[CH2]2OOCCH2CH3.
C. CH3OOCCOOCH3.
D. CH3COOC6H5 (phenyl axetat).
Cu 21. Cu 30-CD13-415: Khi x phng ha triglixerit X bng dung dch NaOH d, un nng, thu
c sn phm gm glixerol, natri oleat, natri stearat v natri panmitat. S ng phn cu to tha mn
tnh cht trn ca X l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
DNG 15: PHN LOI POLIME

L THUYT
I. Mt s khi nim
1. Polime: l hp cht c phn t khi ln, phn t do nhiu n v c s ( gi l mt xch) lin kt
vi nhau
2.monome l nhng phn t nh, phn ng to nn polime
3. h s n: l polime ha hay h s polime
4. Mt xch:
xt ,t o
VD: n CH2 = CH2
( CH2 CH2 )n
Monome
polime
=> mt xch l -CH 2-CH2II. Phn loi.
C 2 cch phn loi polime l da vo ngun gc, da vo cch tng hp.
* Da vo ngun gc chia 3 loi:
+ polime thin nhin: c trong t nhin nh bng, t tm
+ polime nhn to ( polime bn tng hp): do ch ha t polime t nhin nh t visco, t axetat,
cao su lu ha
+ polime tng hp: do con ngi to nn t cc monome
Ch : polime nhn to v tng hp u l polime ha hc.
* Da vo cch tng hp ( p dng phn loi polime tng hp)
+ Polime trng hp: c tng hp bng phn ng trng hp
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 20.
+ Polime trng ngng: c tng hp bng phn ng trng ngng

III. Cu trc.
- Cc mt xch ca polime c th ni vi nhau to thnh cc loi mch:
* Mch khng phn nhnh: thng cc cht khi trng hp, trng ngng u c cu trc mch
khng phn nhnh tr nhng trng hp nu bn di.
* Mch phn nhnh: amilopectin, glicogen...
* Mng khng gian: cao su lu ha, nha bakelit,...
- Cc mt xch trong mch polime ni vi nhau theo mt trt t nht inh ( v d: u ni vi ui,
u ni vi u ...) th ngi ta gi polime c cu to iu ha. Cn cc mt xch ni vi nhau khng
theo mt trt t, quy lut nht nh th ngi ta gi polime c cu to khng iu ha.
IV. Mt s loi vt liu polime
1. Cht do
Phn loi
Tn
Monome to thnh
ngun gc
cch tng hp
PE: polietilen
CH2=CH2
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
PP: polipropilen
CH2=CH-CH3
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
PVC: poli (vinyl clorua)
CH2=CH-Cl
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
PVA: poli ( vinyl axetat)
CH2=CH-OOCCH3
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
PS: poli stiren
CH2=CH-C6H5
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
Plexiglas
CH2=C-COOCH3
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
thy tinh hu c
poli (metyl metacrylat)

CH3
Teflon
CF2=CF2
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
Bch kim hu c
Nha poli acrylic
CH2=CH-COOH
Nha tng hp
Trng hp
Poli ( phenol fomandehit): PPF *un nng hn hp
Nha tng hp
* Nha novolac
fomandehit v phenol ly
d vi xc tc axit c
nha novolac
* un nng hn hp
* Nha rezol
phenol vi fomandehit
theo t l mol 1: 1,2 c xc
tc kim thu c nha
* Nha rezit hay bakelit
rezol
* Khi un nng nha rezol
nhit 150oC thu c
nha rezit hay l bakelit.
2. T
Phn loi
Tn
Mono me to thnh
Ngun gc
Cch tng hp
Bng , len, t tm, t
Thin nhin
nhn...
T nilon-6,6
Hexametylen iamin
T tng hp
Trng ngng
poli( hexametylen-adipamit) H2N-(CH2)6-NH2
poliamit
V axit adipic
HOOC-(CH2)4 -COOH
T nilon-6
axit -aminocaproic
T tng hp
Trng ngng
Policaproamit
H2N-(CH2)5-COOH
poliamit
T capron
Cacprolactam; C 6H11ON
T tng hp
Trng hp
c cu trc vng 7 cnh
poliamit
T nilon-7 ( t enan)
axit -aminoenang
T tng hp
Trng ngng
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 21.
T enan
T lapsan
T nitron ( olon )
poliacrilonitrin
T clorin
T axetat
T visco
H2N-(CH2)6-COOH
Axit terephtalic
HOOC-C6H4-COOH
etylen glycol
HO-CH2-CH2-OH
Vinyl xianua ( acrilonitrin)
CH2=CH-CN
Clo ha PVC
poliamit
T tng hp
polieste
T tng hp
t vinylic
T tng hp
t vinylic
hn hp xenlulozo diaxxetat Nhn to
v xenlulozo triaxetat.
Nhn to
Trng ngng
Trng hp
clo ha
Ha tan
xenluloz trong
NaOH c c
mt CS2
3. Cao su
Tn
Cao su Buna
Cao su Buna - S
Cao su Buna-N
Mono me to thnh
CH2=CH-CH=CH2
CH2=CH-CH=CH2
v CH2=CH-C6H5
CH2=CH-CH=CH2
v CH2=CH-CN
CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2
Phn loi
Ngun gc
Cch tng hp
cao su tng hp
trng hp
cao su tng hp
ng trng hp
cao su tng hp
ng trng hp
Cao su isopren
cao su tng hp
trng hp
Ca su thin nhin
t nhin
4. Keo dn ure-fomandehit
H + ,t o
H + ,t o
n (NH2)2CO + n HCHO
n H2N-CO-NH-CH2OH
(-NH-CO-NH-CH 2-)n + n H2O
ure
fomandehit
monometyllolure
poli( ure-fomandehit)
Keo dn ure-pomandehit c sn xut t poli( ure-fomandehit)
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 3-A7-748: Nilon6,6 l mt loi
A. t visco.
B. t poliamit.
C. polieste.
D. t axetat.
Cu 2.Cu 49-CD7-439: Trong s cc loi t sau: t tm, t visco, t nilon-6,6, t axetat, t capron,
t enang, nhng loi t no thuc loi t nhn to?
A. T visco v t nilon-6,6.
B. T tm v t enang.
C. T nilon-6,6 v t capron.
D. T visco v t axetat.
Cu 3.Cu 37-B8-371: Polime c cu trc mng khng gian (mng li) l
A. PVC.
B. PE.
C. nha bakelit.
D. amilopectin.
Cu 4.Cu 8-A10-684: Cho cc loi t: bng, t capron, t xenluloz axetat, t tm, t nitron, nilon6,6. S t tng hp l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 5.Cu 60-A10-684: Trong cc polime sau: (1) poli(metyl metacrylat); (2) polistiren; (3) nilon-7;
(4) poli(etylen- terephtalat); (5) nilon-6,6; (6) poli(vinyl axetat), cc polime l sn phm ca phn
ng trng ngng l:
A. (3), (4), (5).
B. (1), (3), (6).
C. (1), (3), (5).
D. (1),
(2), (3).
Cu 6.Cu 14-B11-846: Cho cc t sau: t xenluloz axetat, t capron, t nitron, t visco, t nilon6,6. C bao nhiu t thuc loi t poliamit?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 7.Cu 25-A12-296: Loi t no sau y c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp?
A. T nitron.
B. T visco.
C. T xenluloz axetat.
D. T nilon-6,6.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 22.
Cu 8.Cu 59-A 12-296: C cc cht sau: keo dn ure-fomanehit; t lapsan; t nilon-6,6; protein; si
bng; amoni axetat; nha novolac. Trong cc cht trn, c bao nhiu cht m trong phn t ca chng
c cha nhm -NH-CO-?
A. 6.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 9.Cu 9-B12-359: Cc polime thuc loi t nhn to l
A. t visco v t nilon-6,6.
B. t tm v t vinilon.
C. t nilon-6,6 v t capron.
D. t visco v t xenluloz axetat.
Cu 10.Cu 60-B12-359: Cho cc cht: caprolactam (1), isopropylbenzen (2), acrilonitrin (3), glyxin
(4), vinyl axetat (5). Cc cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp to polime l
A. 1, 2 v 3.
B. 1, 2 v 5.
C. 1, 3 v 5.
D. 3, 4 v 5.
Cu 11. Cu 3-A 13-193: T nilon-6,6 l sn phm trng ngng ca
A. axit aipic v etylen glicol.
B. axit aipic v hexametyleniamin.
C. axit aipic v glixerol.
D. etylen glicol v hexametyleniamin.
Cu 12. Cu 1-B13-279: Trong cc polime: t tm, si bng, t visco, t nilon-6, t nitron, nhng
polime c ngun gc t xenluloz l
A. si bng, t visco v t nilon-6.
B. t tm, si bng v t nitron.
C. si bng v t visco.
D. t visco v t nilon-6.
Cu 13. Cu 60-B13-279: T nitron (olon) l sn phm trng hp ca monome no sau y?
A. CH2=CHCN.
B. CH3COOCH=CH2.
C. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3.
D. CH2=CHCH=CH2.
Cu 14. Cu 56-CD13-415: T no di y thuc loi t nhn to?
A. T nilon-6,6.
B. T axetat.
C. T tm.
D. T capron.
DNG 16: NHNG CHT THAM GIA PHN NG TRNG HP, TRNG NGNG
L THUYT
1. iu kin cc cht tham gia phn ng trng hp.
- vng km bn: VD: caprolactam
- c lin kt bi nh
+ anken, ankin, ankadien
+ stiren,..
+ hp cht c lin kt i nh c nhm vinyl ( CH 2=CH-), axit acrylic, axit metacrylic..
2. iu kin cc cht c th tham gia phn ng trng ngng
- c t nht 2 nhm chc c kh nng phn ng ta lin kt tr ln ( ch yu: tch H hoc OH) nh
COOH, - NH2 OH.
VD: HOOC-[CH2]4-COOH, H2N-[CH2]6-NH2, H2N-[CH2]5-COOH, HO-CH2-CH2-OH,
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 18-B07-285: Dy gm cc cht c dng tng hp cao su Buna-S l:
A. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2. B. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2.
C. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, lu hunh.
D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, CH3-CH=CH2.
Cu 2.Cu 36-CD7-439: Polivinyl axetat (hoc poli(vinyl axetat)) l polime c iu ch bng
phn ng trng hp
A. C2H5COO-CH=CH2.
B. CH2=CH-COO-C2H5.
C. CH3COO-CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
Cu 3.Cu 50-CD7-439: Polime dng ch to thu tinh hu c (plexiglas) c iu ch bng
phn ng trng hp
A. CH2 =CHCOOCH3.
B. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3.
C. CH3COOCH=CH2.
D. C6H5CH=CH2.
Cu 4.Cu 25-CD8-216: T nilon - 6,6 c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng
A. HOOC-(CH2)2-CH(NH2)-COOH.
B. HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH v HO-(CH2)2-OH.
C. HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH v H2N-(CH2)6-NH2.
D. H2N-(CH2)5-COOH.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 23.
Cu 5.Cu 9-A9-438: Poli(metyl metacrylat) v nilon-6 c to thnh t cc monome tng ng l

B. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]6-COOH.
A. CH2=CH-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]6-COOH.
C. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]5-COOH.D. CH3-COO-CH=CH2 v H2N-[CH2]5-COOH.
Cu 6.Cu 23-B9-148: Dy gm cc cht u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l:
A. stiren; clobenzen; isopren; but-1-en.
B. 1,2-iclopropan; vinylaxetilen; vinylbenzen; toluen.
C. buta-1,3-ien; cumen; etilen; trans-but-2-en.
D. 1,1,2,2-tetrafloeten; propilen; stiren; vinyl clorua.
Cu 7.Cu 19-CD10-824: Polime no sau y c tng hp bng phn ng trng ngng?
A. poliacrilonitrin. B. poli(metyl metacrylat). C. polistiren. D. poli(etylen terephtalat).
Cu 8.Cu 18-A11-318: Sn phm hu c ca phn ng no sau y khng dng ch to t tng
hp?
A. Trng ngng hexametyleniamin vi axit aipic.
B. Trng hp vinyl xianua.
C. Trng ngng axit -aminocaproic.
D. Trng hp metyl metacrylat.
DNG 17: CC PHT BIU TRONG HA HU C

L THUYT
- Cc em cn xem k bi phenol, cacbohidrat, polime, amin amino axit peptit v protein ( cc pht
biu ch yu trong cc bi ny.
- Ngoi ra cc chng khc, ch yu pht biu v nhng tnh cht ha hc c bit ca cc cht, v
vy cc em khi hc cc chng ny nh este, ancol, hidrocacbon thm, cn ch nh nhng im
ny.
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 11-A1-748: Pht biu khng ng l:
A. Dung dch natri phenolat phn ng vi kh CO2, ly kt ta va to ra cho tc dng vi dung dch
NaOH li thu c natri phenolat.
B. Phenol phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, ly mui va to ra cho tc dng vi dung dch HCl li thu
c phenol.
C. Axit axetic phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, ly dung dch mui va to ra cho tc dng vi kh
CO2 li thu c axit axetic.
D. Anilin phn ng vi dung dch HCl, ly mui va to ra cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li
thu c anilin.
Cu 2.Cu 25-A1-748: chng minh trong phn t ca glucoz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta
cho dung dch glucoz phn ng vi
A. Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH, un nng.
B. kim loi Na.
C. Cu(OH)2 nhit thng.
D. AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng.
Cu 3.Cu 41-A1-748: Mnh khng ng l:
A. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2=CHCOOCH3.
B. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c anehit v mui.
C. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch Br2.
D. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 c th trng hp to polime.
Cu 4.Cu 16-B07-285: Mt trong nhng im khc nhau ca protit so vi lipit v glucoz l
A. protit lun cha chc hiroxyl.
B. protit lun cha nit.
C. protit lun l cht hu c no.
D. protit c khi lng phn t ln hn.
Cu 5.Cu 42-B07-285: Pht biu khng ng l
A. Dung dch fructoz ho tan c Cu(OH)2.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 24.
B. Thy phn (xc tc H+, to) saccaroz cng nh mantoz u cho cng mt monosaccarit.
C. Sn phm thy phn xenluloz (xc tc H+, to) c th tham gia phn ng trng gng.
D. Dung dch mantoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 khi un nng cho kt ta Cu2O.
Cu 6.Cu 55-CD7-439: T l s ngi cht v bnh phi do ht thuc l gp hng chc ln s ngi
khng ht thuc l. Cht gy nghin v gy ung th c trong thuc l l
A. moocphin.
B. cafein.
C. aspirin.
D. nicotin.
Cu 7.Cu 2-A8-329: Este X c cc c im sau:
- t chy hon ton X to thnh CO 2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau;
- Thu phn X trong mi trng axit c cht Y (tham gia phn ng trng gng) v cht Z (c s
nguyn t cacbon bng mt na s nguyn t cacbon trong X).
Pht biu khng ng l:
A. Cht X thuc loi este no, n chc.
B. t chy hon ton 1 mol X sinh ra sn phm gm 2 mol CO2 v 2 mol H2O.
C. Cht Y tan v hn trong nc.
D. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c 170oC thu c anken.
Cu 8.Cu 13-A8-329: Gluxit (cacbohirat) ch cha hai gc glucoz trong phn t l
A. tinh bt.
B. mantoz.
C. xenluloz.
D. saccaroz
Cu 9.Cu 17-A8-329: Pht biu ng l:
A. Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
B. Phn ng gia axit v ru khi c H2SO4 c l phn ng mt chiu.
C. Tt c cc este phn ng vi dung dch kim lun thu c sn phm cui cng l mui v ru
ancol.
D. Khi thy phn cht bo lun thu c C2H4(OH)2.
Cu 10.Cu 23-A8-329: Pht biu khng ng l:
A. Trong dung dch, H2N-CH2-COOH cn tn ti dng ion lng cc H3N+-CH2-COO-.
B. Aminoaxit l hp cht hu c tp chc, phn t cha ng thi nhm amino v nhm cacboxyl.
C. Hp cht H2N-CH2-COOH3N-CH3 l este ca glyxin (hay glixin).
D. Aminoaxit l nhng cht rn, kt tinh, tan tt trong nc v c v ngt.
Cu 11.Cu 25-A8-329: Pht biu ng l:
A. Cc cht etilen, toluen v stiren u tham gia phn ng trng hp.
B. Tnh baz ca anilin mnh hn ca amoniac.
C. Cao su thin nhin l sn phm trng hp ca isopren.
D. Tnh axit ca phenol yu hn ca ru (ancol).
Cu 12.Cu 60-A9-438: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Benzen lm mt mu nc brom nhit thng.
B. Anilin tc dng vi axit nitr khi un nng, thu c mui iazoni.
C. Cc ancol a chc u phn ng vi Cu(OH) 2 to dung dch mu xanh lam.
D. Etylamin phn ng vi axit nitr nhit thng, sinh ra bt kh.
Cu 13.Cu 37-B9-148: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. T visco l t tng hp.
B. Trng ngng buta-1,3-ien vi acrilonitrin c xc tc Na c cao su buna-N.
C. Trng hp stiren thu c poli(phenol-fomanehit).
D. Poli(etylen terephtalat) c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng cc monome tng ng.
Cu 14.Cu 44-B9-148: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Saccaroz lm mt mu nc brom.
B. Xenluloz c cu trc mch phn nhnh.
C. Amilopectin c cu trc mch phn nhnh. D. Glucoz b kh bi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3.
Cu 15.Cu 53-B9-148: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Glucoz tc dng c vi nc brom.
B. Khi glucoz dng vng th tt c cc nhm OH u to ete vi CH3OH.
C. Glucoz tn ti dng mch h v dng mch vng.
D. dng mch h, glucoz c 5 nhm OH k nhau.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 25.
Cu 16.Cu 10-CD9-956: Pht biu no sau y sai?

A. Trong cng nghip c th chuyn ho cht bo lng thnh cht bo rn.
B. Nhit si ca este thp hn hn so vi ancol c cng phn t khi.
C. Sn phm ca phn ng x phng ho cht bo l axit bo v glixerol.
D. S nguyn t hiro trong phn t este n v a chc lun l mt s chn.
Cu 17.Cu 15-A10-684: Trong s cc pht biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH):
(1) Phenol tan t trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung dch HCl.
(2) Phenol c tnh axit, dung dch phenol khng lm i mu qu tm.
(3) Phenol dng sn xut keo dn, cht dit nm mc.
(4) Phenol tham gia phn ng th brom v th nitro d hn benzen. Cc pht biu ng l:
A. (2), (3), (4).
B. (1), (2), (4).
C. (1), (2), (3).
D. (1),
(3), (4).
Cu 18.Cu 41-B10-937: Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Khi un C2H5Br vi dung dch KOH ch thu c etilen.
B. un ancol etylic 140oC (xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c imetyl ete.
C. Dung dch phenol lm phenolphtalein khng mu chuyn thnh mu hng.
D. Dy cc cht: C2H5Cl, C2H5Br, C2H5I c nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi.
Cu 19.Cu 40-CD10-824: Pht biu ng l:
A. Vinyl axetat phn ng vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra ancol etylic.
B. Phenol phn ng c vi nc brom.
C. Thu phn benzyl clorua thu c phenol.
D. Phenol phn ng c vi dung dch NaHCO3.
Cu 20.Cu 9-CD11-259: Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Trong mt phn t tetrapeptit mch h c 4 lin kt peptit.
B. Trong mi trng kim, ipeptit mch h tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 cho hp cht mu tm.
C. Cc hp cht peptit km bn trong mi trng baz nhng bn trong mi trng axit.
D. Amino axit l hp cht c tnh lng tnh.
Cu 21.Cu 58-CD11-259: C mt s nhn xt v cacbohirat nh sau:
(1) Saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz u c th b thu phn.
(2) Glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz u tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 v c kh nng tham gia phn ng
trng bc.
(3) Tinh bt v xenluloz l ng phn cu to ca nhau.
(4) Phn t xenluloz c cu to bi nhiu gc -glucoz.
(5) Thu phn tinh bt trong mi trng axit sinh ra fructoz.
Trong cc nhn xt trn, s nhn xt ng l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 22.Cu 16-A11-318: Khi ni v peptit v protein, pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Tt c cc protein u tan trong nc to thnh dung dch keo.
B. Protein c phn ng mu biure vi Cu(OH) 2 .
C. Lin kt ca nhm CO vi nhm NH gia hai n v -amino axit c gi l lin kt peptit.
D. Thy phn hon ton protein n gin thu c cc -amino axit.
Cu 23.Cu 53-A11-318: Pht biu no sau y v anehit v xeton l sai?
A. Axeton khng phn ng c vi nc brom.
B. Anehit fomic tc dng vi H2O to thnh sn phm khng bn.
C. Hiro xianua cng vo nhm cacbonyl to thnh sn phm khng bn.
D. Axetanehit phn ng c vi nc brom.
Cu 24.Cu 9-B11-846: Cho cc pht biu sau v cacbohirat:
(a) Glucoz v saccaroz u l cht rn c v ngt, d tan trong nc. (b) Tinh bt v xenluloz u
l polisaccarit.
(c) Trong dung dch, glucoz v saccaroz u ho tan Cu(OH) 2, to phc mu xanh lam.
(d) Khi thu phn hon ton hn hp gm tinh bt v saccaroz trong mi trng axit, ch thu
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 26.
c mt loi monosaccarit duy nht.

(e) Khi un nng glucoz (hoc fructoz) vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c Ag. (g) Glucoz
v saccaroz u tc dng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng) to sobitol.
S pht biu ng l
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 25.Cu 12-B11-846: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Khi t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X bt k, nu thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O
th X l anken.
(b) Trong thnh phn hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon.
(c) Lin kt ho hc ch yu trong hp cht hu c l lin kt cng ho tr.
(d) Nhng hp cht hu c khc nhau c cng phn t khi l ng phn ca nhau. (e) Phn ng hu
c thng xy ra nhanh v khng theo mt hng nht nh.
(g) Hp cht C9H14BrCl c vng benzen trong phn t. S pht biu ng l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 26.Cu 34-B11-846: Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Trong phn ng este ha gia CH 3COOH vi CH3OH, H2O to nn t -OH trong nhm COOH
ca axit v H trong nhm OH ca ancol.
B. Tt c cc este u tan tt trong nc, khng c, c dng lm cht to hng trong cng
nghip thc phm, m phm.
C. phn bit benzen, toluen v stiren ( iu kin thng) bng phng php ho hc, ch cn
dng thuc th l nc brom.
D. Phn ng gia axit axetic vi ancol benzylic ( iu kin thch hp), to thnh benzyl axetat c
mi thm ca chui chn.
(a) Anehit va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh.
(b) Phenol tham gia phn ng th brom kh hn benzen.
(c) Anehit tc dng vi H2 (d) c xc tc Ni un nng, thu c ancol bc mt. (d) Dung dch axit
axetic tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2.
(e) Dung dch phenol trong nc lm qu tm ho . (g) Trong cng nghip, axeton c sn xut t
cumen.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Cu 28.Cu 55-B11-846: Pht biu khng ng l:
A. Metylamin tan trong nc cho dung dch c mi trng baz.
B. Protein l nhng polipeptit cao phn t c phn t khi t vi chc nghn n vi triu.
C. Etylamin tc dng vi axit nitr nhit thng to ra etanol.
D. ipeptit glyxylalanin (mch h) c 2 lin kt peptit.
(a) C th dng nc brom phn bit glucoz v fructoz.
(b) Trong mi trng axit, glucoz v fructoz c th chuyn ho ln nhau.
(c) C th phn bit glucoz v fructoz bng phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3.
(d) Trong dung dch, glucoz v fructoz u ho tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng cho dung dch
mu xanh lam.
(e) Trong dung dch, fructoz tn ti ch yu dng mch h.
(g) Trong dung dch, glucoz tn ti ch yu dng vng 6 cnh (dng v ).
S pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Cu 30.Cu 2-A 12-296: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
(b) Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c. (c) Phn
ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 27.
(d) Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l: (C17H33COO)3C3H5, (C17H35COO)3C3H5. S pht biu

ng l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 31. Cu 17-A12-296: Cho cc pht biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH):
(a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh.
(b) Phenol c tnh axit nhng dung dch phenol trong nc khng lm i mu qu tm.
(c) Phenol c dng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc.
(d) Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay th hn nguyn t H trong benzen.
(e) Cho nc brom vo dung dch phenol thy xut hin kt ta.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 32.Cu 21-A12-296: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Tt c cc peptit u c phn ng mu biure.
B. H2N-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH l mt ipeptit.
C. Mui phenylamoni clorua khng tan trong nc.
D. iu kin thng, metylamin v imetylamin l nhng cht kh c mi khai.
Cu 33.Cu 24-A12-296: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) t chy hon ton este no, n chc, mch h lun thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. (b)
Trong hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon v hiro.
(c) Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn nguyn t ging nhau, thnh phn phn t hn km
nhau mt hay nhiu nhm CH2 l ng ng ca nhau.
(d) Dung dch glucoz b kh bi AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra Ag.
(e) Saccaroz ch c cu to mch vng. S pht biu ng l
A. 5.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 34.Cu 55-A12-296: Cho cc pht biu sau v cacbohirat:
(a) Tt c cc cacbohirat u c phn ng thy phn.
(b) Thy phn hon ton tinh bt thu c glucoz.
(c) Glucoz, fructoz v mantoz u c phn ng trng bc.
(d) Glucoz lm mt mu nc brom.
S pht biu ng l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 35.Cu 6-B12-359: Th nghim no sau y chng t trong phn t glucoz c 5 nhm hiroxyl?
A. Kh hon ton glucoz thnh hexan.
B. Cho glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH) 2.
C. Tin hnh phn ng to este ca glucoz vi anhirit axetic.
D. Thc hin phn ng trng bc.
Cu 36.Cu 6-CD12-169: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(1) Fructoz v glucoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc;
(2) Saccaroz v tinh bt u khng b thy phn khi c axit H2SO4 (long) lm xc tc; (3) Tinh bt
c to thnh trong cy xanh nh qu trnh quang hp;
(4) Xenluloz v saccaroz u thuc loi isaccarit.
Pht biu ng l
A. (1) v (2).
B. (3) v (4).
C. (2) v (4).
D. (1) v (3).
Cu 37.Cu 9-CD12-169: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Si bng, t tm thuc loi polime thin nhin.
B. T visco, t xenluloz axetat u thuc loi t tng hp.
C. Polietilen v poli(vinyl clorua) l sn phm ca phn ng trng ngng.
D. T nilon6,6 c iu ch t hexametyleniamin v axit axetic.
Cu 38.Cu 13-CD12-169: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Protein n gin c to thnh t cc gc -amino axit.
B. Tt c cc peptit u c kh nng tham gia phn ng thy phn.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 28.
C. Trong phn t ipeptit mch h c hai lin kt peptit.

D. Tripeptit GlyAlaGly c phn ng mu biure vi Cu(OH)2.
Cu 39.Cu 19-CD12-169: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Este isoamyl axetat c mi chui chn.
B. Etylen glicol l ancol no, n chc, mch h.
C. Axit bo l nhng axit cacboxylic a chc.
D. Ancol etylic tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH.
Cu 40.Cu 37-CD12-169: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Poli(metyl metacrylat) c dng ch to thy tinh hu c.
B. Cao su bunaN thuc loi cao su thin nhin.
C. Lc baz ca anilin yu hn lc baz ca metylamin.
D. Cht bo cn c gi l triglixerit hoc triaxylglixerol.
Cu 41. Cu 53-CD12-169: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Axit glutamic l thnh phn chnh ca bt ngt.
B. Amino axit thuc loi hp cht hu c tp chc.
C. Cc amino axit thin nhin hu ht l cc -amino axit.
D. nhit thng, cc amino axit u l nhng cht lng.
Cu 42. Cu 59-CD12-169: Cho cc pht biu:
(1) Tt c cc anehit u c c tnh oxi ho v tnh kh;
(2) Tt c cc axit cacboxylic u khng tham gia phn ng trng bc;
(3) Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch;
(4) Tt c cc ancol no, a chc u ha tan c Cu(OH)2.
Pht biu ng l
A. 2 v 4.
B. 1 v 3.
C. 3 v 4.
D. 1 v 2.
Cu
55
:
Cho
cc
pht
biu
sau:
Cu 43.
-A13-193
(a) Glucoz c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc.
(b) S chuyn ha tinh bt trong c th ngi c sinh ra mantoz
(c) Mantoz c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc.
(d) Saccaroz c cu to t hai gc -glucoz v -fructoz.
Trong cc pht biu trn, s pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1.
Cu 44. Cu 11-B13-279: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Triolein c kh nng tham gia phn ng cng hiro khi un nng c xc tc Ni.
B. Cc cht bo thng khng tan trong nc v nh hn nc.
C. Cht bo b thy phn khi un nng trong dung dch kim.
D. Cht bo l trieste ca etylen glicol vi cc axit bo.
Cu 45. Cu 24-B13-279: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Cc cht CH3NH2, C2H5OH, NaHCO3 u c kh nng phn ng vi HCOOH. (b) Phn ng th
brom vo vng benzen ca phenol (C6H5OH) d hn ca benzen.
(c) Oxi ha khng hon ton etilen l phng php hin i sn xut anehit axetic. (d) Phenol
(C6H5OH) tan t trong etanol.
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1.
Cu 46. Cu 30-B13-279: Cacbohirat no sau y thuc loi isaccarit?
A. Amiloz.
B. Saccaroz.
C. Glucoz.
D. Xenluloz.
Cu 47. Cu 42-B13-279: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Hiro ha hon ton glucoz to ra axit gluconic.
(b) iu kin thng, glucoz v saccaroz u l nhng cht rn, d tan trong nc.
(c) Xenluloz trinitrat l nguyn liu sn xut t nhn to v ch to thuc sng khng khi. (d)
Amilopectin trong tinh bt ch c cc lin kt -1,4-glicozit.
(e) Sacaroz b ha en trong H2SO4 c.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 29.
(f) Trong cng nghip dc phm, saccaroz c dng pha ch thuc.

A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 48. Cu 3-CD 13-415: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Saccaroz c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc.
B. Hiro ha hon ton glucoz (xc tc Ni, un nng) to ra sobitol.
C. Xenluloz tan tt trong nc v etanol.
D. Thy phn hon ton tinh bt trong dung dch H2SO4, un nng, to ra fructoz.
DNG 18: TNG HP TNH CHT CA CHT HU C

L THUYT
- Cn nm c c ch, quy tc ca cc phn ng, xc c s lng cc sn phm c th xy ra, xc
nh c sn phm chnh, sn phm ph.
- Nm tnh cht ha hc ca cc hp cht c bn thng gp nh phenol, anilin, axit axetic, ancol
etilic, metyl amin.
- Nm c cc phn ng vi cc tc nhn thng gp nh NaOH, HCl, qu tm, AgNO 3/NH3, dung
dch Br2, H2
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 53-A1-748: Cho cc cht: HCN, H2, dung dch KMnO4, dung dch Br2. S cht phn
ng c vi (CH3)2CO l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1.
Cu 2.Cu 9-B07-285: Cho tt c cc ng phn n chc, mch h, c cng cng thc phn t
C2H4O2 ln lt tc dng vi: Na, NaOH, NaHCO3. S phn ng xy ra l
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 3.Cu 56: Dy gm cc cht u phn ng vi phenol l:
A. dung dch NaCl, dung dch NaOH, kim loi Na.
B. nc brom, anhirit axetic, dung dch
NaOH.
C. nc brom, axit axetic, dung dch NaOH.
D. nc brom, anehit axetic, dung dch
NaOH.
Cu 4.Cu 8-CD7-439: Cho cht X tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sau c
cn dung dch thu c cht rn Y v cht hu c Z. Cho Z tc dng vi AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong
dung dch NH3 thu c cht hu c T. Cho cht T tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c cht Y.
Cht X c th l
A. CH3COOCH=CH-CH3.
B. CH3COOCH=CH2.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. HCOOCH=CH2.
Cu 5.Cu 13-CD7-439: Cho cc cht sau: phenol, etanol, axit axetic, natri phenolat, natri
hiroxit. S cp cht tc dng c vi nhau l
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 6.Cu 29-A8-329: Cho glixerin trioleat (hay triolein) ln lt vo mi ng nghim cha
ring bit: Na, Cu(OH)2, CH3OH, dung dch Br2, dung dch NaOH. Trong iu kin thch hp, s
phn ng xy ra l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 7.Cu 49-A8-329: Cho iso-pentan tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l s mol 1 : 1, s sn phm monoclo
ti a thu c l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 8.Cu 11-B8-371: nh hng ca nhm -OH n gc C6H5- trong phn t phenol th hin qua
phn ng gia phenol vi
A. H2 (Ni, nung nng). B. dung dch NaOH.
C. Na kim loi.
D. nc Br2.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 30.
Cu 9.Cu 56-B8-371: Ba cht hu c mch h X, Y, Z c cng cng thc phn t C3H6O v c cc

tnh cht: X, Z u phn ng vi nc brom; X, Y, Z u phn ng vi H2 nhng ch c Z khng b
thay i nhm chc; cht Y ch tc dng vi brom khi c mt CH3COOH. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt
l:
A. C2H5CHO, (CH3)2CO, CH2=CH-CH2OH.
B. C2H5CHO, CH2=CH-O-CH3, (CH3)2CO.
C. (CH3)2CO, C2H5CHO, CH2=CH-CH2OH.
D. CH2=CH-CH2OH, C2H5CHO, (CH3)2CO
Cu 10.Cu 4-CD8-216: Hai cht hu c X1 v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60 vC. X1 c
kh nng phn ng vi: Na, NaOH, Na2CO3. X2 phn ng vi NaOH (un nng) nhng khng phn
ng Na. Cng thc cu to ca X1, X2 ln lt l:
A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COO-CH3.
B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3.
C. H-COO-CH3, CH3-COOH.
D. CH3-COOH, H-COO-CH3.
Cu 11.Cu 7-A9-438: Hp cht hu c X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch brom
nhng khng tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit acrylic.
B. anilin.
C. metyl axetat.
D. phenol.
Cu 12.Cu 48-A9-438: Cacbohirat nht thit phi cha nhm chc ca
A. ancol.
B. anehit.
C. xeton.
D. amin.
Cu 13.Cu 31-B9-148: Cho mt s tnh cht: c dng si (1); tan trong nc (2); tan trong nc
Svayde (3); phn ng vi axit nitric c (xc tc axit sunfuric c) (4); tham gia phn ng trng bc
(5); b thu phn trong dung dch axit un nng (6). Cc tnh cht ca xenluloz l:
A. (2), (3), (4) v (5).B. (3), (4), (5) v (6).C. (1), (2), (3) v (4).D. (1), (3), (4) v (6).
Cu 14.Cu 48-B9-148: t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht hu c X, thu c 4 mol CO2. Cht X
tc dng c vi Na, tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng cng Br2 theo t l mol 1 : 1. Cng thc
cu to ca X l
A. HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO.
B. HOOC-CH=CH-COOH.
C. HO-CH2-CH=CH-CHO.
D. HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO.
Cu 15.Cu 56-CD9-956: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi ancol etylic l:
A. NaOH, K, MgO, HCOOH (xc tc).
B. HBr (to), Na, CuO (to), CH3COOH (xc tc).
C. Na2CO3, CuO (to), CH3COOH (xc tc), (CH3CO)2O.
D. Ca, CuO (to), C6H5OH (phenol), HOCH2CH2OH.
Cu 16.Cu 59-CD9-956: Hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t C3H6O2. C X v Y
u tc dng vi Na; X tc dng c vi NaHCO3 cn Y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng
bc. Cng thc cu to ca X v Y ln lt l
A. C2H5COOH v HCOOC2H5.
B. HCOOC2H5 v HOCH2CH2CHO.
C. C2H5COOH v CH3CH(OH)CHO.
D. HCOOC2H5 v HOCH2COCH3.
Cu 17.Cu 53-A10-684: t chy hon ton V lt hi mt amin X bng mt lng oxi va to ra
8V lt hn hp gm kh cacbonic, kh nit v hi nc (cc th tch kh v hi u o cng iu
kin). Amin X tc dng vi axit nitr nhit thng, gii phng kh nit. Cht X l
A. CH2=CH-CH2-NH2.
B. CH3-CH2-NH-CH3.
C. CH2=CH-NH-CH3.
D. CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2.
Cu 18.Cu 24-B10-937: Cho phn ng: 2C 6H5-CHO + KOH C6H5-COOK + C6H5-CH2-OH
Phn ng ny chng t C6H5-CHO
A. ch th hin tnh oxi ho.
B. khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ho.
C. va th hin tnh oxi ho, va th hin tnh kh.
D. ch th hin tnh kh.
Cu 19.Cu 17-CD10-824: Thu phn hon ton tinh bt trong dung dch axit v c long, thu c
cht hu c X. Cho X phn ng vi kh H2 (xc tc Ni, to), thu c cht hu c Y. Cc cht X, Y
ln lt l:
A. glucoz, fructoz.
B. glucoz, etanol. C. glucoz, saccaroz. D. glucoz, sobitol.
Cu 20.Cu 51-CD10-824: Kh nng phn ng th nguyn t clo bng nhm -OH ca cc cht c
xp theo chiu tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. phenyl clorua, propyl clorua, anlyl clorua.
B. anlyl clorua, phenyl clorua, propyl clorua.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 31.
C. phenyl clorua, anlyl clorua, propyl clorua.

D. anlyl clorua, propyl clorua, phenyl clorua.
Cu 21.Cu 60-CD10-824: iu kin thch hp: cht X phn ng vi cht Y to ra anehit
axetic; cht X phn ng vi cht Z to ra ancol etylic. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. C2H4, O2, H2O.
B. C2H2, H2O, H2.
C. C2H2, O2, H2O.
D. C2H4, H2O, CO.
Cu 22.Cu 4-CD11-259: Sn phm ch yu trong hn hp thu c khi cho toluen phn ng vi
brom theo t l s mol 1:1 (c mt bt st) l
A. p-bromtoluen v m-bromtoluen.
B. benzyl bromua.
C. o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen.
D. o-bromtoluen v m-bromtoluen.
Cu 23.Cu 49-CD11-259: un si hn hp gm propyl bromua, kali hiroxit v etanol thu c sn
phm hu c l
A. propan-2-ol.
B. propin.
C. propen.
D. propan.
Cu 24.Cu 56-CD11-259: Cht X tc dng vi benzen (xt, t) to thnh etylbenzen. Cht X l
A. C2H4.
B. C2H2.
C. CH4.
D. C2H6.
Cu 25.Cu 46-A11-318: X, Y, Z l cc hp cht mch h, bn c cng cng thc phn t C3H6O.
X tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Y khng tc dng c vi Na nhng c
phn ng trng bc. Z khng tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Cc cht X, Y, Z
ln lt l:
A. CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
B. CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
C. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO.
D. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3.
Cu 26.Cu 17-B11-846: Triolein khng tc dng vi cht (hoc dung dch) no sau y?
A. H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng).
B. Dung dch NaOH (un nng).
C. H2O (xc tc H2SO4 long, un nng). D. Cu(OH)2 ( iu kin thng).
Cu 27.Cu 26-B11-846: Ho tan cht X vo nc thu c dung dch trong sut, ri thm tip dung
dch cht Y th thu c cht Z (lm vn c dung dch). Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. anilin, axit clohiric, phenylamoni clorua.
B. phenol, natri hiroxit, natri phenolat.
C. natri phenolat, axit clohiric, phenol.
D. phenylamoni clorua, axit clohiric, anilin.
Cu 28.Cu 53-B12-359: Cho phenol (C6H5OH) ln lt tc dng vi (CH3CO)2O v cc dung dch:
NaOH, HCl, Br2, HNO3, CH3COOH. S trng hp xy ra phn ng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 29.Cu 46-CD 12-169: Cht no sau y va tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH, va tc dng
c vi nc Br2?
A. CH3CH2COOH. B. CH3COOCH3.
C. CH2=CHCOOH. D. CH3CH2CH2OH.
Cu 30.Cu 17-A13-193: Dung dch axit axetic phn ng c vi tt c cc cht trong dy no sau
y?
A. NaOH, Cu, NaCl. B. Na, NaCl, CuO. C. NaOH, Na, CaCO 3. D. Na, CuO, HCl.
Cu 31. Cu 22-A13-193: Phenol phn ng c vi dung dch no sau y?
A. NaCl.
B. HCl.
C. NaHCO3.
D. KOH.
Cu 32. Cu 36-A13-193: Khi c chiu sng, hirocacbon no sau y tham gia phn ng th vi
clo theo t l mol 1 : 1, thu c ba dn xut monoclo l ng phn cu to ca nhau?
A. neopentan.
B. pentan.
C. butan.
D. isopentan.
Cu 33. Cu 10-CD 13-415: Dung dch phenol (C6H5OH) khng phn ng c vi cht no sau y?
A. Na.
B. Br2.
C. NaCl.
D. NaOH.
DNG 19: TNG HP S HU C

L THUYT
- Cc em cn nm vng tnh cht ha hc ca cc hp cht hu c, nh cc iu kin ca phn ng,
cc quy tc sau:
+ Qui tc th vo ankan
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 32.
+ Qui tc cng Maccopnhicop

+ Qui tc tch Zaixep
+ Qui tc th vo bezen
- Mt s phn ng lm tng mch C.
15000 c
+ T 1C 1C : 2CH4
C2H2 + 3H2
CuCl , NH 4Cl ,t 0
+ T 2C 4C : 2C2H2
CH C-CH=CH2
MgO , ZnO ,t 0 c
2C2H5OH
CH2=CH-CH=CH2 + 2H2O + H2
6000 c ,C
+ T 2C 6C
3C2H2
C 6 H6
+ Ni 2 gc ankyl : R-Cl + R -Cl + 2Na R-R + 2NaCl

- Tng mch C gn vo nhn benzen
AlCl3 ,t o
Ar-R + R-X
R-Ar-R ( orto , para )
- Chuyn ho hp cht c oxi
CuO ,t
R ' OH / H 2 SO4 dac
+ O2 / Mn2+ ,t o
R-CHO
H + / OH
R-OH
Este
R-COOH
Ancol
H 2 , Ni ,t o
- Mt s phn ng lm gim mch C.
+ Phn ng crckinh ankan + anken )
CuO ,t o
+ CH 3COONa + NaOH
CH4 + Na2CO3
- Mt s phn ng khng lm thay i mch C.
+ Hirocacbon khng no Hirocacbon no
Ni ,t o
CnH2n+2-2a + a H2
CnH2n+2
+ Hirocacbon no thnh Hirocacbon khng no ( vng thm )

- ehiro ho (loi b hydr )
- Cc phn ng khc.
HgSO4 ,800 C
+ C2H2 + H2O
CH3CHO
+ Al4C3 + 12H2O 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4
+ CaC2 + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + C2H2.
Lu : - Trong bi tp iu ch nu dng phn ng to ra hn hp sn phm th ch ly sn phm
chnh iu ch, khng ly sn phm ph.
- Thnh phn ca kh thin nhin : CH 4 (90%), cn li C 2H6, C3H8, C4H10
- Kh crckinh: Hyrocacbon cha no ( C 2H4, C3H6, C4H8) , ankan (CH 4, C2H6, C4H10 v H2)
- Kh than : Ch yu l H 2 (60%), CH4 (25%) cn li l CO, CO 2, N2...
- Kh l cao : CO 2, CO, O2, N2 ...
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 42-A7-748: Cho s
NaOHdac , du
HCl
Cl2 ( tilemol1:1), Fe ,t o
Y
C6H6
Z
X
t o cao , pcao
Hai cht hu c Y, Z ln lt l
A. C6H5ONa, C6H5OH.
B. C6H4(OH)2, C6H4Cl2.
C. C6H5OH, C6H5Cl.
D. C6H6(OH)6, C6H6Cl6.
Cu 2.Cu 55-B07-285: Cho s phn ng:
CH 3 I
+ HONO
CuO ,t o
X
NH3
Y
Z
tilemol1:1
Bit Z c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Hai cht Y v Z ln lt l:
C. CH3OH, HCHO. D. CH3OH, HCOOH
A. C2H5OH, HCHO. B. C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 3.Cu 38-CD7-439: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y CH3COOH. Hai cht X, Y
ln lt l
A. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2.
B. CH3CH(OH)COOH v CH3CHO.
C. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO.
D. CH3CHO v CH3CH2OH.
Cu 4.Cu 8-A8-329: Cho s chuyn ho sau: C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y
X + H2SO4 long Z + T
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 33.
Bit Y v Z u c phn ng trng gng. Hai cht Y, Z tng ng l:

A. CH3CHO, HCOOH.
B. HCOONa, CH3CHO.
C. HCHO, CH3CHO.
D. HCHO, HCOOH.
Cu 5.Cu 14-B8-371: Cho cc phn ng:
to
HBr + C2H5OH
C2H4 + Br2
askt (1:1mol )
C2H4 + HBr
C2H6 + Br2
S phn ng to ra C 2H5Br l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Cu 6.Cu 26-B8-371: Cho s chuyn ho sau:
NaOHdac
HCl
Br2 ( tilemol1:1), Fe ,t o
Y
Toluen
Z
X
t o cao , pcao
Trong X, Y, Z u l hn hp ca cc cht hu c. Z c thnh phn chnh gm
A. m-metylphenol v o-metylphenol.
B. o-metylphenol v p-metylphenol.
C. benzyl bromua v o-bromtoluen.
D. o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen.
Cu 7.Cu 50-CD8-216: Cho s chuyn ha sau (mi mi tn l mt phng trnh phn ng):
Tinh bt X Y Z metyl axetat.
Cc cht Y, Z trong s trn ln lt l:
A. C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH, CH3OH.
C. CH3COOH, C2H5OH.
D. C2H4, CH3COOH.
Cu 8.Cu 51-A9-438: Cho dy chuyn ho sau:
+X
NaOH ,t o
Phenol
phenol axetat
Y ( hp cht thm)
Hai cht X, Y trong s trn ln lt l:
A. anhirit axetic, phenol.
B. axit axetic, phenol.
C. anhirit axetic, natri phenolat.
D. axit axetic, natri phenolat.
Cu 9.Cu 58-A9-438: Cho s chuyn ha:
KCN
H + ,t o
CH3CH2Cl
X
Y
Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3CH2NH2, CH3CH2COOH. B. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2CHO.
C. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COOH.
D. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COONH4.
Cu 10.Cu 60-B9-148: Cho s chuyn ho:
HBr
Mg ,etekhan
H 2 SO4 dac ,t o
Butan-2-ol
Y
Z
X (anken)
Trong X, Y, Z l sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca Z l
A. (CH3)3C-MgBr.
B. CH3-CH2-CH2 -CH2-MgBr.
C. CH3-CH(MgBr)-CH2-CH3.
D. (CH3)2CH-CH2-MgBr.
Cu 11.Cu 38-CD9-956: Cht X c cng thc phn t C4H9O2N. Bit:
X + NaOH Y + CH 4O
Y + HCl (d) Z + NaCl
Cng thc cu to ca X v Z ln lt l
A. CH3CH(NH2)COOCH3 v CH3CH(NH3Cl)COOH.
B. H2NCH2CH2COOCH3 v CH3CH(NH3Cl)COOH.
C. H2NCH2COOC2H5 v ClH3NCH2COOH.
D. CH3CH(NH2)COOCH3 v CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
Cu 12.Cu 48-CD9-956: Cho cc chuyn ho sau:
xt ,t o
X + H2O
Y
o
Ni ,t
Y + H2
Sobitol
Y + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O Amoni glucozat + 2Ag + 2NH 4NO3
xt ,t o
Y
E + Z
as,chatdiepluc
Z + H2O
X + G
X, Y v Z ln lt l:
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 34.
A. tinh bt, glucoz v kh cacbonic.

B. xenluloz, glucoz v kh cacbon oxit.
C. xenluloz, fructoz v kh cacbonic.
D. tinh bt, glucoz v ancol etylic.
Cu 13.Cu 16-A10-684: Cho s chuyn ho:
HCl
+ H 2 du , Ni ,t o
NaOHdu ,t o
Triolein
Z
X
Y
Tn ca Z l
A. axit stearic.
B. axit oleic.
C. axit panmitic.
D. axit linoleic.
Cu 14.Cu 24-A10-684: Cho s chuyn ho:
ddBr2
O2 , xt
CH 3OH , xt ,t o
NaOH ,t o
CuO ,t o
C3H6
X
T
Y
Z
E ( este a chc)
Tn gi ca Y l
A. glixerol. B. propan-1,2-iol. C. propan-2-ol.
D. propan-1,3-iol
Cu 15.Cu 6-B10-937: Cho s chuyn ho sau:
+Z
+ H 2 ,t o , Pd / PbCO3
xt ,t o
Cao su buna-N
C 2 H 2
X
Y
xt , p ,t o
Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. benzen; xiclohexan; amoniac.
B. axetanehit; ancol etylic; buta-1,3-ien.
C. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; stiren.
D. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; acrilonitrin.
H 2O , H + , t o
ddBr2 , H +
CuO ,t o
Cu 16.Cu 55-B10-937: Cho s phn ng: Stiren
X
Y
Z
Trong X, Y, Z u l cc sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, m-BrC6H4CH2COOH.
B. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, m-BrC6H4COCH3.
C. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, C6H5CH2COOH.
D. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, C6H5COCH2Br.
Cu 17.Cu 58-B10-937: Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C5H10O. Cht X khng
phn ng vi Na, tho mn s chuyn ho sau:
+ CH 3COOH
+ H 2 du , Ni ,t o
Este c mi chui chn
X
Y
H 2 SO4 dac
Tn ca X l
A. 2,2-imetylpropanal.
B. 3-metylbutanal.
C. pentanal. D. 2-metylbutanal.
Cu 18.Cu 38-CD11-259: Cho s phn ng:
+ X , Ni ,t o
+ Z , Ni ,t o
+ M , Ni ,t o
CH4
Y
T
CH3COOH
(X, Z, M l cc cht v c, mi mi tn ng vi mt phng trnh phn ng). Cht T trong s trn
l
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3CHO.
C. CH3OH.
D. CH3COONa.
KCN
H + ,t o
Cu 19.Cu 53-CD11-259: Cho s chuyn ha: CH 3CH2Cl
X
Y
Trong s trn, X v Y ln lt l
A. CH3CH2CN v CH3CH2COOH. B. CH3CH2CN v CH3CH2CHO.
C. CH3CH2CN v CH3CH2OH.
D. CH3CH2NH2 v CH3CH2COOH.
Cu 20.Cu 54-A 11-318: Cho s phn ng:
HCN
trunghop
dongtrunghop
X ; X
polime Y; X + CH 2=CH-CH=CH2
polimeZ
CHCH
Y v Z ln lt dng ch to vt liu polime no sau y?
A. T capron v cao su buna.
B. T olon v cao su buna-N.
C. T nitron v cao su buna-S.
D. T nilon-6,6 v cao su cloropren.
Cu 21.Cu 59-A11-318: Cho dy chuyn ho sau:
Br2 ( tilemol1:1),as
+ C2 H 4 , xt ,t o
KOH ,C2 H 5OH ,t o
Benzen
X
Y
Z ( trong X,Y,Z l sn phm chnh)
Tn gi ca Y, Z ln lt l
A. 1-brom-1-phenyletan v stiren.
B. 1-brom-2-phenyletan v stiren.
C. 2-brom-1-phenylbenzen v stiren.
D. benzylbromua v toluen.
6-B
Cho
phn
ng:
C
H
-CH=CH
+
KMnO
Cu 22.Cu
11-846:
6 5
2
4 C 6H5-COOK + K 2CO3 + MnO2 +
KOH + H2O. Tng h s (nguyn, ti gin) tt c cc cht trong phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng
trn l
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 35.
A. 24.
B. 34.
xt ,t o
( 1) X + O2
Axit cacboxylic Y1
o
xt ,t
(2) X + H2
Ancol Y2
C. 27.
D. 31.
xt ,t
Y3 + H 2 O
(3) Y1 + Y2
Bit Y3 c cng thc phn t C6H10O2. Tn gi ca X l

A. anehit acrylic. B. anehit axetic.
C. anehit metacrylic. D. anehit propionic.
HCN
H 2O , H + , t o
(1) CH3CHO
X1
X2
+ CO2
Mg ,etekhan
HCl
(2) C2H5Br Y1
Y2
Y3
Cc cht hu c X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Y3 l cc sn phm chnh. Hai cht X2, Y3 ln lt l
A. axit 2-hiroxipropanoic v axit propanoic.
B. axit axetic v axit propanoic.
C. axit axetic v ancol propylic.
D. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic v ancol propylic.
Cu 25.Cu 30-A12-296: Cho s phn ng:
xt ,t o
(a) X + H2O
Y
(b) Y + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O amoni gluconat + Ag + NH 4NO3
xt ,t o
(c) Y
E + F
as
X + Q
( d) Z + H2O
chatdiepluc
X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. Xenluloz, fructoz, cacbon ioxit.
B. Xenluloz, saccaroz, cacbon ioxit.
C. Tinh bt, glucoz, etanol.
D. Tinh bt, glucoz, cacbon ioxit.
Cu 26.Cu 31-A12-296: Hp cht X c cng thc C 8H14O4. T X thc hin cc phn ng (theo ng
t l mol):
(a) X + 2NaOH X1 + X2 + H2O
(b) X1 + H2SO4 X3 + Na2SO4
(c) nX3 + nX4 nilon-6,6 + 2nH 2O
(d) 2X2 + X3 X5 + 2H2O
Phn t khi ca X 5 l
A. 174.
B. 216.
C. 202.
D. 198.
Cu 27.Cu 42-A12-296: Cho s chuyn ha sau:
(a) C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y
(b) X + H2SO4 (long) Z + T
(c) Z + dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 (d) E + Ag + NH 4NO3
(d) Y + dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 (d) F + Ag + NH4NO3
Cht E v cht F theo th t l
A. HCOONH4 v CH3CHO.
B. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COONH4.
C. HCOONH4 v CH3COONH4.
D. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COOH.
Cu 28.Cu 51-A12-296: Cho s chuyn ha:
KCN
H + ,t o
CH3Cl
X
Y
Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3NH2, CH3COONH4.
B. CH3CN, CH3CHO.
C. CH3NH2, CH3COOH.
D. CH3CN, CH3COOH.
Cu 29.Cu 7-B12-359: Cho dy chuyn ha sau:
H2
H 2O
H 2O
Y
Z
CaC2
X
H 2 SO4 dac
Pd / PbCO3 ,t o
Tn gi ca X v Z ln lt l
A. axetilen v ancol etylic.
B. axetilen v etylen glicol.
C. etan v etanal.
D. etilen v ancol etylic.
CuO ,t o
Cu 30.Cu 39-B12-359: Cho phng trnh ha hc: 2X + 2NaOH
2CH4 + K2CO3 +
Na2CO3
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 36.
A. CH2(COOK)2.
B. CH2(COONa)2. C. CH3COOK.
D. CH3COONa.
Cu 31. Cu 24-CD12-169: Cho s
AgNO3 / NH 3
NaOH ,t o
NaOH ,t o
Este X ( C4H10O2)
Z
Y
C2H3O2Na
Cng thc cu to ca X tha mn s cho l
A. CH3COOCH2CH3.
B. CH2=CHCOOCH3.
C. CH3COOCH=CH2.
D. HCOOCH2CH2CH3.
Cu 32. Cu 18-A 13-193: Cho s cc phn ng:
to
CuO ,t o
X + NaOH (dung dch)
Y + NaOH ( rn)
Y+Z
T+P
1500o C
xt ,t o
T Q + H2
Q + H2O
Trong s trn, X v Z ln lt l:
A. CH3COOCH=CH2 v CH3CHO.
B. HCOOCH=CH2 v HCHO.
C. CH3COOCH=CH2 v HCHO.
D. CH3COOC2H5 v CH3CHO.
Cu 33. Cu 58-A 13-193: Trng hp no sau y khng xy ra phn ng?
to
(a) CH2=CH-CH2-Cl + H2O
(b) CH3 CH2 CH2 Cl + H2O

to
(c) C6H5-Cl + NaOH c
( vi C6H5 l gc phenyl)
o
t
(d) C2H5Cl + NaOH c
A. (b).
B. (a).
C. (d).
D. (c).
Cu 34. Cu 6-B13-279: Cho s phn ng: C2H2

X
CH3COOH.
Trong s trn mi mi tn l mt phn ng, X l cht no sau y?
A. CH3COONa.
B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH3CHO.
D. C2H5OH.
DNG 20: TNG HP DY NG NG V CNG THC TNG QUT

L THUYT
- Trong ha hc, dy ng ng l mt dy cc hp cht hu c vi cng mt cng thc tng qut,
vi cc tnh cht ha hc tng t do s hin din ca cng mt nhm chc, v th hin cc tnh cht
vt l bin i dn dn do kt qu ca vic tng kch thc v khi lng phn t
- Dy ng ng ca mt s hidrocacbon tiu biu
Dy ng ng
Cng thc tng qut
Ankan
CnH2n + 2 (n 1)
Anken
CnH2n (n 2)
Ankin
CnH2n 2 (n 2)
- Cng thc tng qut ca mt s hp cht hu c
Ancol
Anehit
Axit v Este
no, n
chc
CnH2n+1OH
(n 1)
CnH2n+2O
(n 1)
CnH2n+1CHO
(n 0)
CnH2nO
(n 1)
CnH2n+1COOH
(n 0)
CnH2nO2
(n 1)
no, a chc
CnH2n+2-m(OH)m
(1 m n)
CnH2n+2Om
(1 m n)
CnH2n+2m(CHO) m
(1 m n)
CnH2n-mOm
(2 m n)
CnH2n+2-m(COOH)m
(1 m n)
CnH2n+2-2mO2m
(2 m n)
no
nt
nt
nt
nt
nt
nt
a chc
R(OH)m
C xH y O m
R(CHO)m
C x H yO m
R(COOH)m
CxHyO2m
n chc
ROH
C x H yO
RCHO
C xH y O
RCOOH
C xH y O 2
khng no,
n chc
(c 1 lin
kt i)
CnH2n-1OH
(n 3)
CnH2nO
(n 3)
CnH2n-1CHO
(n 2)
CnH2n-2O
(n 3)
CnH2n-1COOH
(n 2)
CnH2n-2O2
(n 3)
khng no,
CnH2n-m(OH)m
CnH2nOm
CnH2n-m(CHO)m
CnH2n-2mOm
CnH2n-m(COOH)m
CnH2n-2mO2m
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 37.

a chc
(c 1 lin
kt i)
(2 m n)
(2 m n)
(2 m n)
(2 m n)
khng no
nt
nt
nt
nt
(2 m n)
nt
nt
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 41-B07-285: t chy hon ton a mol mt anehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO2 v c mol
H2O (bit b = a + c). Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X thuc dy ng
ng anehit
A. no, n chc.
B. khng no c hai ni i, n chc.
C. khng no c mt ni i, n chc.
D. no, hai chc.
Cu 2.Cu 40-A8-329: un nng V lt hi anehit X vi 3V lt kh H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton ch thu c mt hn hp kh Y c th tch 2V lt (cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin nhit , p sut). Ngng t Y thu c cht Z; cho Z tc dng vi Na sinh ra H2 c s mol bng
s mol Z phn ng. Cht X l anehit
A. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), hai chc. B. no, hai chc.
C. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), n chc. D. no, n chc.
Cu 3.Cu 17-B8-371: Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc thc nghim (C3H4O3)n, vy
cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C12H16O12.
B. C6H8O6.
C. C3H4O3.
D. C9H12O9.
Cu 4.Cu 47-B8-371: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z l ng ng k tip, khi lng phn t ca Z bng 2
ln khi lng phn t ca X. Cc cht X, Y, Z thuc dy ng ng
A. ankin.
B. ankan.
C. ankaien.
D. anken.
Cu 5.Cu 7-CD8-216: Cng thc n gin nht ca mt hirocacbon l CnH2n+1. Hirocacbon
thuc dy ng ng ca
A. ankan.
B. ankin.
C. ankaien.
D. anken.
Cu 6.Cu 8-CD8-216: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C4H6O4 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH
(un nng) theo phng trnh phn ng: C 4H6O4 + 2NaOH 2Z + Y.
oxi ho ht a mol Y th cn va 2a mol CuO (un nng), sau phn ng to thnh a mol cht
T (bit Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c). Khi lng phn t ca T l
A. 44 vC.
B. 58 vC.
C. 82 vC.
D. 118 vC.
Cu 7.Cu 22-B9-148: Cho cc hp cht hu c:
(1) ankan;
(2) ancol no, n chc, mch h; (3) xicloankan; (4) ete no, n chc, mch h;
(5) anken;
(6) ancol khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), mch h; (7) ankin;
(8) anehit no,
n chc, mch h;
(9) axit no, n chc, mch h;
(10) axit khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), n chc. Dy gm
cc cht khi t chy hon ton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O l:
A. (1), (3), (5), (6), (8).
B. (3), (4), (6), (7), (10).
C. (3), (5), (6), (8), (9).
D. (2), (3), (5), (7), (9).
Cu 8.Cu 47-B10-937: Cho cc cht: (1) axit picric; (2) cumen; (3) xiclohexanol; (4) 1,2-ihiroxi4-metylbenzen; (5) 4-metylphenol; (6) -naphtol. Cc cht thuc loi phenol l:
A. (1), (3), (5), (6). B. (1), (4), (5), (6). C. (1), (2), (4), (5). D. (1), (2), (4), (6).
Cu 9.Cu 5-CD10-824: Anehit no mch h X c cng thc n gin nht C2H3O. Cng thc phn
t ca X l
A. C2H3O.
B. C6H9O3.
C. C4H6O2.
D. C8H12O4.
Cu 10.Cu 48-CD 12-169: Cng thc chung ca amin no, n chc, mch h l
A. CnH2n-5N (n 6). B. CnH2n+1N (n 2).
C. CnH2n-1N (n 2). D. CnH2n+3N (n 1).
DNG 21: PHN BIT TCH CHT

L THUYT
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 38.
1. NHN BIT CC CHT HU C (Tng qut)
Cht mun
nhn bit
Thuc
th
Hin
tng
Hp cht c
lin kt C = C
hay C C
dd Brom
Phai mu
nu
Phn ng
CH2 = CH2 + Br2 BrCH2 CH2Br
CH CH + 2Br2 Br2CH CHBr 2
OH
OH
+ 3Br2
Phenol
dd Brom
Kt
ta
trng
Br
Br
Br
+ 3Br2
Br
Br
Br
Hp cht c
lin kt C = C
CC
dd
KMnO4
Phai
mu
tm
COOK
CH3
HO
2
+ 2KMnO 4
0
Kt ta
vng nht
Metyl xton
+ 2MnO 2 +KOH +H2O
RCCH + Ag[(NH 3)2]OH RCCAg + H2O + 2NH3

R CH = O + 2Ag[(NH 3)2]OH
dd
AgNO3
trong
NH4OH
(Ag2O)
R COONH4 + 2Ag + H2O + 3NH 3

CH2OH(CHOH) 4CHO + Ag 2O
0
Kt ta Ag
(phn ng
trng bc)
Axit fomic
Anehit
(ke
t tu
a tra
ng)
3CHCH+8KMnO4 3HOOCCOOH + 8MnO 4+8KOH
80-100 C
Este formiat
H COO R
Hp cht c
nhm CH=
O
Ancol a chc
(c t nht 2
nhm OH
gn vo 2 C
lin tip)
+ 3HBr
3CH2 = CH 2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O

3HOCH 2CH2OH + 2MnO 2 + 2KOH
Ankyl benzen
Ankin c lin
kt ba u
mch
Hp cht c
nhm
CH = O:
Andehit,
glucoz,
mantz
(ke
t tu
a tra
ng)
NH2
NH2
Anilin
+ 3HBr
t ,ddNH3
CH2OH(CHOH) 4COOH +
2Ag
(Phn ng ny nhn bit nc tiu bnh tiu ng c cha glucoz)
HCOOH+2Ag[(NH 3)2]OH(NH4)2CO3 + 2Ag +H2O+2NH 3

ddNH3
Hay: HCOOH + Ag2O
CO2 + 2Ag + H2O
HCOOR+2Ag[(NH 3)2]OH(NH4)2CO3 + 2Ag

+ROH+2NH 3
Cu2O
gch
Cu(OH)2 To dd
mu xanh
l trong
sut
dd
NaHSO3
bo ha
Kt ta
dng kt
tinh
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
t
RCHO + 2Cu(OH) 2
CH2 OH
HO CH2
RCOOH + Cu 2O + 2H2O
CH2 OH HO CH2
]
CH OH + Cu(OH)2 + HO CH CH O Cu O CH + 2H2O
CH2 OH
HO CH2
CH2 OH HO CH2
R CHO + NaHSO 3 R CHOH NaSO3
Trang: 39.

Hp cht c H
linh ng:
axit, Ancol,
phenol
Na, K
Si bt kh
khng mu
2R OH
+ 2Na
2R ONa
2R COOH + 2Na
2C6H5 OH + 2Na
+ H2
2R COONa + H2
2C6H5 ONa + H2
2.NHN BIT CC CHT HU C (Chi tit)
Cht
Ankan
Thuc
th
dd Br2
dd Br2
dd KMnO4
AgNO 3/NH3
(c ni 3
u mch)
Mt mu
mt mu
kt ta
mu vng
nht
CnH2n2 + 2Br2 CnH2nBr4
dd CuCl
trong NH 3
kt ta
mu
CH CH + 2CuCl + 2NH 3 Cu C C Cu + 2NH4Cl
Cl2/s
Anken
Kh Oxi
Ankin
Toluen
Phn ng
Sn phm
sau P
lm hng
giy qu
m
Mt mu
mt mu
Sp cho p
trng
gng
Mt mu
dd Br2
dd KMnO4
Ankaien
Hin
tng
dd KMnO4,
t0
Mt mu
as
CnH2n+2 + Cl 2
CnH2n+1Cl + HCl
CnH2n + Br2 CnH2nBr2

3CnH2n + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O 3CnH2n(OH)2 + 2MnO2 + 2KOH
PdCl2 ,CuCl 2
2CH2 = CH2 + O2
CH3CHO
CnH2n2 + 2Br2 CnH2nBr4

3CHCH+8KMnO4 3HOOCCOOH + 8MnO 4+8KOH
HC CH + 2[Ag(NH 3)2]OH Ag C C Ag + 2H2O +
4NH3
RC CH + [Ag(NH 3)2]OH RC CAg + H2O + 2NH 3
R C C H + CuCl + NH 3 R C C Cu + NH4Cl
COOK
CH3
+ 2MnO2 +KOH +H2O
HO
2
+ 2KMnO 4
0
80-100 C
CH = CH2
Stiren
dd KMnO4
Mt mu
Ancol
Na, K
khng
mu
Ancol
bc I
CuO (en)
t0
Ancol
bc II
CuO (en)
t0
Ancol
a chc
Cu(OH) 2
Cu (),
Sp cho p
trng
gng
Cu (),
Sp khng
p trng
gng
dung dch
mu xanh
lam
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
CHOH = CH2OH
+ 2MnO2 + 2H2O
+ 2KMnO 4 + 4H2O
2R OH
+ 2Na
2R ONa
+ H2
t
R CH2 OH + CuO
R CH = O + Cu + H 2O
t
R CH2OH R + CuO
R CO R + Cu + H2O
CH2 OH
HO CH2
CH2 OH HO CH2
]
CH OH + Cu(OH)2 + HO CH CH O Cu O CH + 2H2O
CH2 OH
HO CH2
CH2 OH HO CH2
Trang: 40.
Anilin
nc Brom
To kt
ta trng
NH2
NH2
+ 3Br2
Br
Br
Br
Anehit
Cht
Axit
cacboxylic
Thuc
th
Ha
CO32
CO2
Ha xanh
Ha
Khng
i
CO32
CO2
Qu tm
Ha xanh
dd xanh
lam
2R COOH + Na 2CO3 2R COONa + CO 2 + H2O

S nhm NH2 > s nhm COOH
S nhm NH2 < s nhm COOH
S nhm NH2 < s nhm COOH
2H2NRCOOH + Na 2CO3 2H2NRCOONa + CO 2 + H2O
2C6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 (C6H11O6)2Cu + 2H2O

CH2OH (CHOH) 4 CHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH
AgNO3 /
NH3
Ag
trng
CH2OH (CHOH) 4 CHO + 2Ag[(NH 3)2]OH

CH2OH(CHOH) 4COONH4 + 2Ag + H2O + 3NH 3
dd Br2
Mt mu
CH2OH(CHOH) 4CHO + Br2

CH2OH(CHOH) 4COOH+2HBr
Vi sa
Cu(OH)2
Cu(OH)2
AgNO3 /
NH3
C12H22O11
Thu phn
Tinh bt
Phn ng
gch
Saccaroz
Mantoz
(ke
t tu
a tra
ng)
Cu(OH)2
NaOH, t0
Thu phn
C12H22O11
Hin
tng
Qu tm
Cu(OH)2
Glucoz
+ 3HBr
AgNO3
Ag
trong NH3
trng
Cu(OH)2
t0
gch RCHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH
RCOONa + Cu 2O + 3H2O
NaOH, t0
RCHO + Br2 + H2O RCOOH + 2HBr
dd Brom
Mt mu
Andehit no hay ko no u lm mt mu nc Br2 v y l phn ng oxi ha kh. Mun
phn bit andehit no v khng no dng dd Br2 trong CCl4, mi trng CCl 4 th Br2
khng th hin tnh oxi ha nn ch phn ng vi andehit khng no
Aminoaxit
Amin
Thu phn
sn phm
tham gia
p trng
gng
Vn c
dd xanh
lam
dd xanh
lam
Ag
trng
sn phm
tham gia
p trng
gng
sn phm
tham gia
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
CH2OH (CHOH) 4 COONa + Cu 2O + 3H2O
C12H22O11
H 2O
C12H22O11
Ca(OH) 2
C6H12O6
Glucoz
C 6H12O6
Fructoz
C 12H22O11.CaO.2H 2O
C12H22O11 + Cu(OH) 2 (C12H22O11)2Cu + 2H2O

C12H22O11 + Cu(OH) 2 (C12H22O11)2Cu + 2H2O
C12H22O11
(C6H10O11)n
+
+
H 2O
nH 2O
2C6H12O6 (Glucoz)
nC6H12O6 (Glucoz)
Trang: 41.
p trng
gng
(C6H10O5)n
ddch iot
To dung dch mu xanh tm, khi un nng mu xanh tm bin mt, khi
ngui mu xanh tm li xut hin
3. Mt s thuc th thng dng

- Qu tm :
+ RCOOH; mui RNH 3Cl; aminoaxit c s nhm COOH nhiu hn NH 2 : chuyn
+ RNH2 (tr C6H5NH2), mui RCOONa, aminoaxit c s nhm COOH t hn NH 2 : xanh
- Dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 :
+ Ankin c lin kt ba u mch : to kt ta vng.
+ anehit v phn t c cha nhm CHO (HCOOH, HCOOR, glucoz, fructoz, mantoz).
- Cu(OH) 2/OH- :
+ RCOOH : to dung dch mu xanh.
+ RCHO v cc cht cha nhm CHO : kt ta mu gch khi un nng.
+ Glixerol, glucoz, saccaroz, mantoz, fructoz : dung dch mu xanh lam nhit
thng.
+ Polipeptit c t tripeptit tr ln : to mu tm biure c trng.
- Dung dch brom ;
+ Hp cht khng no, anehit, glucoz : lm nht mu.
+ phenol, alanin : to kt ta trng.
- Dung dch KMnO 4 :
+ Cc hp cht khng no : lm nht mu nhit thng.
+ Ankylbenzen : nht mu kho un nng.
- Mt s thuc th khc : I2 (HTB); HNO3 (lng trng trng g).
4.Phng php tch mt s cht
a) Phng php vt l
- Chit : dng tch cc cht lng khng tan vo nhau nh benzen v ancol ..
- Chng ct : dng tch cc cht c nhit si khc nhau, thng dng tch cc cht
thuc 3 nhm :
+ C nhit si thp : anehit, xeton, ete, este.
+ C nhit si cao : ancol, axit, amin.
+ Khng bay hi : mui RONa, RCOONa, RCOONH 4, aminoaxit.
b) S tch mt s cht :
1.CO2
1. NaOH
- Phenol
C6H5ONa
C6H5OH
2.Cocan
2.Cocan
1. HCl
1. NaOH
- Anilin
C6H5NH3Cl
C6H5NH2
2.Cocan
2.Cocan
1. NaOH
1. HCl
RCOOH
- RCOOH
RCOONa
2.Chiet
2.Chiet
- Anken : Br2 v Zn
- Ankin : AgNO 3/HCl
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 44-B07-285: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn.
Thuc th phnbit 3 cht lng trn l
A. dung dch phenolphtalein.
B. nc brom.
C. dung dch NaOH. D. giy qu
tm.
Cu 2.Cu 43-CD7-439: Ch dng Cu(OH)2 c th phn bit c tt c cc dung dch ring bit
sau:
A. saccaroz, glixerin (glixerol), anehit axetic, ru (ancol) etylic.
B. glucoz, lng trng trng, glixerin (glixerol), ru (ancol) etylic.
C. lng trng trng, glucoz, fructoz, glixerin (glixerol).
D. glucoz, mantoz, glixerin (glixerol), anehit axetic.
Cu 3.Cu 38-A9-438: Thuc th c dng phn bit Gly-Ala-Gly vi Gly-Ala l
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 42.

A. dung dch NaOH.
C. dung dch NaCl.
B. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim.

D. dung dch HCl.
DNG 22: DANH PHP HP CHT HU C

L THUYT
1.Phn loi danh php:
+ Tn thng thng + Tn gc - chc.
+ Tn thay th.
2. Tn gi thng thng.
Khng tun theo quy tc khoa hc no, thng xut hin t xa v bt ngun t nguyn liu hoc tn
nh bc hc tm ra, hoc mt a im no trong tnh cht ca hp cht .
VD: Axitfomic (axit kin); olefin (kh du); axit axetic (axit gim),
3. Danh php thay th
Gi theo quy c ca Lin on quc t ho hc l thuyt v ng dng (IUPAC).
a) Da vo b khung C xut pht t cc hirocacbon no mch thng. Cc hp cht cng loi
(cng dy ng ng), cng nhm chc th c ui ging nhau.
C th:
- Hirocacbon no (ankan) c ui an: VD: CH3 - CH2 - CH3 : propan
- Hirocacbon c ni i (anken) c ui en: VD: CH2 = CH - CH3 : propen
- Hirocacbon c ni ba (ankin) c ui in: VD: CH = C - CH3 : propin
- Hp cht anehit c ui al: VD: CH3 - CH2 - CHO : propanal
- Hp cht ru c ui ol: VD: CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - OH : propanol
- Hp cht axit hu c c ui oic: VD: CH3 - CH2 - COOH : propanoic.
- Hp cht xeton c ui on:
b ch s nguyn t cacbon c trong mch chnh, ngi ta dng cc phn nn (phn u) sau:
1 : meta ; 2 : eta ; 3 : propa ; 4 : buta ; 5 : penta ; 6 : hexa ; 7 : hepta ; 8 : octa ; 9 : nona ; 10 : eca
c) Tn ca nhm th. Cn ch rng, trong ho hu c, tt c nhng nguyn t khc hiro (nh Cl,
Br, ) hoc nhm nguyn t (nh - NO 2, - NH2,, cc gc hirocacbon CH 3 -, C2H5 -,) u c
coi l nhm th.
- Gi tn nguyn t hoc tn nhm th.
- Gi tn gc hirocacbon u xut pht t tn hirocacbon tng ng vi phn ui khc nhau.
+ Gc hirocacbon no ho tr 1 gi theo tn ca ankan tng ng bng cch thay ui -an bng ui
-yl v c gi chung l gc ankyl.
VD: Tn mt s gc in hnh
CH3 : metyl
C 2 H5 : etyl
CH3-CH2-CH2 : propyl
(CH3)2CH: isopropyl
C6H5: phenyl
C6H5CH2: benzyl
CH2=CH: vinyl
CH2=CH-CH2: anlyl
+ Gc hirocacbon cha no ho tr 1 c ui -enyl i vi anken, ui -nyl i vi ankin v ui
-ienyl i vi ien.
V d: CH2 = CH -: etilenyl (thng gi l gc vinyl)
CH C -: axetilenyl hay etinyl.
+ Gc ho tr 2 to thnh khi tch 2 nguyn t H khi 1 nguyn t C hoc tch nguyn t O khi
anehit hay xeton. Gc ho tr 2 c ui t -ylien. VD: CH3 -CH2 -CH = : propylien.
d) Cc bc gi tn hp cht hu c phc tp:
- Bc 1: Chn mch C chnh.
l mch C di nht hoc t C nhng cha ni i, ni ba, nhm th, nhm chc,
- Bc 2 : nh s th t cc nguyn t C (bng ch s rp) trong mch chnh xut pht t pha
gn nhm chc, ni i, ni ba, nhm th, mch nhnh.
Quy tc nh s. u tin nh s ln lt theo th t.
Nhm chc => ni i => ni ba => mch nhnh.
i vi hp cht tp chc th u tin ln lt: Axit anehit ru.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 43.
- Bc 3: Xc nh cc nhm th v v tr ca chng trn mch C chnh.

- Bc 4: Gi tn.
+ Trc tin gi tn cc nhm th v v tr ca chng trn mch C chnh, cui cng gi tn hp cht
vi mch C chnh.
Tn nhnh (yl)
Tn mch chnh
Tn chc
( km theo s ch v tr )
( km theo s ch v tr )
Lu : Mch cacbon phi lin tc, khng c nguyn t khc chen vo gia, v d i vi cht
+ Nu c nhiu nhm th ging nhau th gp chng li v thm t i 2, tri 3, tetra 4, penta 5,
+ Theo quy tc: Con s ch v tr ca nhm th t trc tn gi ca n, con s ch v tr ni i, ni
ba v nhm chc ( mch C chnh) t pha sau.
f ) Cho tn gi, vit cng thc cu to:
- Vic u tin l da vo ui ca tn gi xc nh cht ng vi mch cacbon chnh.
V d: Vit CTCT ca nhng cht c tn sau:
+ 1, 1, 2, 2 - tetracloetan
Ta i t ui an (hirocacbon no) etan (c 2C), tetraclo (c 4 clo th cc v tr 1, 1, 2, 2). Do
CTCT: CHCl 2 - CHCl2.
+ 1 - clo , 2 , 3 - imetylbutan
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 44-B07-285: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn.
Thuc th phnbit 3 cht lng trn l
A. dung dch phenolphtalein.
B. nc brom.
C. dung dch NaOH. D. giy qu
tm.
Cu 2.Cu 50-B07-285: Khi brom ha mt ankan ch thu c mt dn xut monobrom duy nht
c t khi hi i vi hiro l 75,5. Tn ca ankan l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Br = 80)
A. 3,3-imetylhecxan.
B. 2,2-imetylpropan.
C. isopentan.
D. 2,2,3-trimetylpentan.
Cu 3.Cu 20-CD7-439: Khi cho ankan X (trong phn t c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng
83,72%) tc dng vi clo theo t l s mol 1:1 (trong iu kin chiu sng) ch thu c 2 dn xut
monoclo ng phn ca nhau. Tn ca X l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; Cl = 35,5)
A. 3-metylpentan.
B. butan.
C. 2,3-imetylbutan. D. 2-metylpropan.
Cu 4.Cu 25-B8-371: Khi t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc th s mol CO2 sinh ra bng s
mol O2 phn ng. Tn gi ca este l
A. metyl fomiat.
B. etyl axetat.
C. n-propyl axetat. D. metyl axetat.
Cu 5.Cu 33-A9-438: C ba dung dch: amoni hirocacbonat, natri aluminat, natri phenolat v ba cht
lng: ancol etylic, benzen, anilin ng trong su ng nghim ring bit. Nu ch dng mt thuc th duy
nht l dung dch HCl th nhn bit c ti a bao nhiu ng nghim?
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 6.
Cu 6.Cu 1-B9-148: Khi cho a mol mt hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton
vi Na hoc vi NaHCO3 th u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X l
A. etylen glicol.
B. axit aipic.
C. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic.
D. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic.
Cu 7.Cu 45-CD10-824: Oxi ho khng hon ton ancol isopropylic bng CuO nung nng, thu
c cht hu c X. Tn gi ca X l
A. imetyl xeton.
B. propanal. C. metyl phenyl xeton. D. metyl vinyl xeton.
Cu 8.Cu 24-CD11-259: Cng thc ca triolein l
A. (CH3[CH2]14COO)3C3H5.
B. (CH3[CH2]7CH=CH[CH2]5COO)3C3H5.
C. (CH3[CH2]16COO)3C3H5.
D. (CH3[CH2]7CH=CH[CH2]7COO)3C3H5.
Cu 9.Cu 41-B11-846: Trong qu gc chn rt giu hm lng
A. caroten
B. ete ca vitamin A C. este ca vitamin A
D. vitamin A
Cu 10.Cu 38-B12-359: Alanin c cng thc l
A. C6H5-NH2.
B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 44.
C. H2N-CH2-COOH.
D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.
Cu 11. Cu 4-CD12-169: Trong phn t axit cacboxylic X c s nguyn t cacbon bng s nhm
chc. t chy hon ton mt lng X thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit axetic.
B. axit malonic.
C. axit oxalic.
D. axit fomic.
Cu 12. Cu 47-CD12-169: Cho cc cht hu c: CH3CH(CH3)NH2 (X) v CH3CH(NH2)COOH (Y).
Tn thay th ca X v Y ln lt l
A. propan1amin v axit 2aminopropanoic.
B. propan1amin v axit aminoetanoic.
C. propan2amin v axit aminoetanoic.
D. propan2amin v axit 2aminopropanoic
Cu 13. Cu 26-A 13-193: Tn thay th (theo IUPAC) ca (CH3)3CCH2CH(CH3)2 l
A. 2,2,4,4-tetrametylbutan.
B. 2,4,4-trimetylpentan.
C. 2,2,4-trimetylpentan.
D. 2,4,4,4-tetrametylbutan
DNG 23: IU CH CHT HU C
L THUYT
1. Phng php gim mch C.
* Phn ng vi ti xt: RCOONa + NaOH RH + Na 2CO3 ( c 1 nhm COONa th gim 1 C)
* Phn ng Cracking:
CnH2n + 2 CaH2a + 2 + CbH2b ( a + b = n)
* Phn ng oxi ha khng hon ton ( tc dng vi O 2 hoc KMnO4)
Hidrocacbon + O2/xt Andehit hoc axit
* Phn ng ln men: C 6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
2. Phng php tng mch C
* Phn ng vuyet: RX + Na R-R + Na
* Phn ng ete ha: ROH + ROH R-R + H 2O ( xt: H2SO4/1400C)
* phn ng: 2CH 4 C2H2 +H2
* Phn ng: 2C2H2 C4H4
* Phn ng : 3C2H2 C6H6
* Phn ng: 2C2H5OH C4H6 + H2 + H2O
3. Phng php gia nguyn mch C
a. Phn ng th.
* Th -H trong hidrocacbon dung X 2, HNO3, H2SO4 -X, -NO2, -OSO3H
* Th -X trong dn xut Hal bng NaOH/nc
b. Phn ng cng: H2/Ni, X2, HX, H2O/H+, trng hp
c. Phn ng tch.
* tch H2 k: to, xt
* tch H2O/ H2SO4 , 170oC
* tch HX/ NaOH, ru.
* tch X2 / Zn
d. Phn ng chuyn chc.
* -CH2 -OH -CHO
* -CHO -COOH
* -CH2 OH -COOH
* -NO2 -NH2
4. Ngoi ra cc em cn nm c th 2 vn sau:
* iu ch cc polime sau: P.P (Polietyilen); P.E (Polipropilen); P.S(Polistiren);
P.V.C(Polivinylclorua)
P.V.A(Polivinylaxetat); Poliacrylic; Polivinylancol; Poliacrilonitrin; Polimetylacrilat
Polimetylmetacrilat; Teflon; Cupren; Polifomandehit; Poli phenolfomandehit; Cao su Buna
Cao su Buna S; Cao su Buna N; Cao su Cloropren; Cao su t nhin; T Visco; T Polidiamit
Nilon 6; Nilon 6,6; Nilon 7; T Polieste
*.T cc cht d dng tm thy trong cuc sng(VD:Kim loi,g,tinh bt,CO2,) v nhng iu kin
c th thc hin c,iu ch cc cht phc tp hn
CU HI
Cu 1.Cu 53-CD7-439: Trong cng nghip, axeton c iu ch t
A. propan-1-ol.
B. cumen.
C. propan-2-ol.
D. xiclopropan.
Cu 2.Cu 24-A9-438: Dy gm cc cht u iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra anehit
axetic l:
A. C2H5OH, C2H2, CH3COOC2H5.
B. HCOOC2H3, C2H2, CH3COOH.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 45.
C. C2H5OH, C2H4, C2H2.

D. CH3COOH, C2H2, C2H4.
Cu 3.Cu 4-CD9-956: Trong thc t, phenol c dng sn xut
A. nha rezit, cht dit c 2,4-D v thuc n TNT.
B. nha rezol, nha rezit v thuc tr su 666.
C. poli(phenol-fomanehit), cht dit c 2,4-D v axit picric.
D. nha poli(vinyl clorua), nha novolac v cht dit c 2,4-D.
Cu 4.Cu 36-CD9-956: Dy gm cc cht c th iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra axit
axetic l: A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5COOCH3. B. CH3CHO, C6H12O6 (glucoz), CH3OH.
C. C2H4(OH)2, CH3OH, CH3CHO.
D. CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 46.
P N THAM KHO
====================
Dng 1: Nhng cht phn ng c vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3
Cu
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
D
D
C
A
B
C
Dng 2: Nhng cht phn ng c vi Cu(OH) 2
Cu
1
2
3
A
D
B
C
4
D
7
B
8
B
5
B
9
C
6
A
7
A
Dng 3: Nhng cht phn ng c vi dung dch Br 2

Cu
1
2
3
4
A
B
C
D
C
5
C
6
D
7
A
8
D
Dng 4: Nhng cht phn ng c vi H 2

Cu
1
2
3
A
B
D
D
5
B
6
A
7
D
8
A
4
B
Dng 5: Nhng cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH

Cu
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
C
C
B
A
A
D
Dng 6: Nhng cht phn ng c vi dung dch HCl
Cu
1
A
D
7
D
8
A
2
C
6
A
2
A
7
A
8
C
9
D
Dng 9: So snh tnh baz

Cu
A
1
D
2
D
Dng 10: So snh tnh axit

Cu
A
1
D
2
B
Dng 11: So snh nhit si tan

Cu
1
A
A
2
D
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
10
A
3
B
Dng 7: Nhng cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH v HCl

Cu
1
A
B
Dng 8: Nhng cht tc dng c vi qu tm
Cu
1
2
3
4
5
A
D
D
D
B
C
9
C
3
B
10
D
4
A
Trang: 47.
Dng 12: ng phn ca cht hu c

Cu
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
D
A
A
A
C
B
Cu 18 19 20 21 22 23
A
D
D
C
D
D
A
Cu 35 36 37 38 39 40
A
C
A
D
B
C
B
7
C
24
A
41
B
8
D
25
D
42
C
Dng 13: Phn ng tch nc ca ancol

Cu
1
2
A
B
A
9
A
26
D
43
C
10
C
27
B
44
A
3
B
5
A
6
D
12
B
29
D
46
D
7
A
7
A
18
D
8
C
7
D
23
C
39
A
8
B
24
D
40
B
8
D
19
B
9
D
9
A
25
B
41
B
Dng 18: Tng hp tnh cht ca hp cht hu c

C 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
u
A B
C
B
B
D
B
B
D
A
C 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
u
A C
D
A
A
C
C
A
D
D
Dng 19: Tng hp s hu c
Cu
1
2
3
4
5
A
A
C
C
A
D
Cu 18 19 20 21 22
A
C
A
B
A
B
6
B
23
A
7
A
24
A
8
C
25
D
9
C
26
C
Dng 20: Tng hp ng ng v cng thc tng qut

Cu
1
2
3
4
5
A
C
B
B
D
A
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
10
C
26
A
42
B
14
A
31
D
48
A
15
A
32
C
49
A
16
C
33
B
50
C
5
C
11
B
11
C
27
A
43
C
10
C
21
D
12
C
6
D
17
B
34
D
6
C
9
A
20
C
10
C
Dng 16: Nhng cht tham gia phn ng trng hp, trng ngng
Cu
1
2
3
4
5
A
B
C
B
C
C
Dng 17: Cc pht biu tron ha hu c
Cu
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
C
C
A
B
B
D
Cu
17 18
19
20
21
22
A
A
D
B
D
A
A
Cu
33
34
35
36
37
38
A
D
D
C
D
A
C
13
D
30
B
47
D
4
D
Dng 14: Phn ng cng nc v phn ng thy phn

Cu
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
D
D
D
B
A
A
Cu
12
13
14
15
16
17
A
C
C
D
B
A
A
Dng 15: Phn loi polime
Cu
1
2
3
4
A
B
D
C
A
11
A
28
C
45
A
11
A
13
A
7
D
12
D
28
D
44
D
14
B
8
D
13
D
29
B
45
C
14
C
30
D
46
B
15
B
31
A
47
B
16
C
32
D
48
B
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
D
27
D
28
A
29
D
30
C
31
B
32
C
33
10
C
27
B
11
A
28
D
12
A
29
A
13
A
30
D
14
D
31
C
15
D
32
A
16
D
33
A
6
B
7
C
8
B
9
C
17
B
34
C
10
D
Trang: 48.
Dng 21: Phn bit tch cht

Cu
A
1
B
Dng 22. Danh php hp cht hu c

Cu
1
2
3
4
5
A
B
B
C
A
D
Dng 23: iu ch
Cu
A
1
B
2
B
6
D
7
A
2
C
8
D
3
B
9
A
10
B
3
C
11
D
12
D
13
C
4
D
( Cc em lm thm cc bi tp tham kho phn sau)
GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)
Trang: 49.

Cau Hoi Li Thuyet Thuong Gap Trong Hoa Huu Co - Full

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Cau Hoi Li Thuyet Thuong Gap Trong Hoa Huu Co - Full

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CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

A. L THUYT V CU HI THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 2: NHNG CHT TC DNG VI Cu(OH) 2

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 3: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH Br 2

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 4: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI H 2

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 5: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH NaOH

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

H2N-R-COOH + NaOH H 2N-R-RCOONa + H 2O

GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 6: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH HCl

DNG 7: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI DUNG DCH NaOH v HCl

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 8: NHNG CHT PHN NG C VI QU TM

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 9: SO SNH TNH BAZ

- Nu gc R l y e th n s y e vo nguyn t N, lm tng mt in tch m trn N. Do , N

lm gim mt e trn nguyn t N. Mt in tch m

GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 10: SO SNH TNH AXIT

DNG 11: SO SNH NHIT SI V TAN

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 12: NG PHN CA CHT HU C

CNG THC TNH

Ete n chc, no, mch h

Anehit n chc, no, mch h

Xeton n chc, no, mch h

Ancol n chc, no, mch h

ng phn (cu to v hnh hc)

Axit no, n chc, mch h

Amin n chc, no, mch h

GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

b. Tnh s loi trieste

Trieste cha 2 gc axit khc nhau

Trieste cha 3 gc axit khc nhau

- i este cha 1 loi gc axit

- i este cha 2 loi gc axit khc nhau

VD : Cho glixerin tc dng vi hn hp 3 axit bo gm C17H35COOH, C17H31COOH v

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

GV: Trn c Tun ( 01695 178 188)

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

DNG 13: PHN NG TCH NC CA ANCOL

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

A. 3-metylbut-2-en. B. 2-metylbut-1-en. C. 2-metylbut-2-en. D. 3-metylbut-1-en.

NG 14: PHN NG CNG NC V PHN NG THY PHN

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

A. CH3COOCH2C6H5. B. HCOOC6H4C2H5. C. C6H5COOC2H5. D. C2H5COOC6H5.

DNG 15: PHN LOI POLIME

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

+ Polime trng ngng: c tng hp bng phn ng trng ngng

poli (metyl metacrylat)

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC

CU HI L THUYT HA HU C THNG GP TRONG THI I HC