Restructured Electromagnetic Transients Program; Progress Report

(EMTP-RV)

Technical Report

Restructured Electromagnetic Transients Program; Progress Report

(EMTP-RV)
1001989

Technology Review, November 2001

EPRI Project Manager P. Zhang

EPRI 3412 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304 PO Box 10412, Palo Alto, California 94303 USA 800.313.3774 650.855.2121 askepri@epri.com www.epri.com

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITIES

THIS DOCUMENT WAS PREPARED BY THE ORGANIZATION(S) NAMED BELOW AS AN ACCOUNT OF WORK SPONSORED OR COSPONSORED BY THE ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC. (EPRI). NEITHER EPRI, ANY MEMBER OF EPRI, ANY COSPONSOR, THE ORGANIZATION(S) BELOW, NOR ANY PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF ANY OF THEM: (A) MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION WHATSOEVER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, (I) WITH RESPECT TO THE USE OF ANY INFORMATION, APPARATUS, METHOD, PROCESS, OR SIMILAR ITEM DISCLOSED IN THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR (II) THAT SUCH USE DOES NOT INFRINGE ON OR INTERFERE WITH PRIVATELY OWNED RIGHTS, INCLUDING ANY PARTY'S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OR (III) THAT THIS DOCUMENT IS SUITABLE TO ANY PARTICULAR USER'S CIRCUMSTANCE; OR (B) ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING ANY CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF EPRI OR ANY EPRI REPRESENTATIVE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES) RESULTING FROM YOUR SELECTION OR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION, APPARATUS, METHOD, PROCESS, OR SIMILAR ITEM DISCLOSED IN THIS DOCUMENT. ORGANIZATION(S) THAT PREPARED THIS DOCUMENT Electric Power Reseach Institute

ORDERING INFORMATION
Requests for copies of this report should be directed to the EPRI Distribution Center, 1355 Willow Way, Suite 2478, Concord, CA 94520, (800) 313-3774. Electric Power Research Institute and EPRI are registered service marks of the Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. EPRI. ELECTRIFY THE WORLD is a service mark of the Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Copyright 2001 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

CITATIONS
This report was prepared by Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Avenue Palo Alto, CA 94304 Principal Investigator P. Zhang This report describes research sponsored by EPRI. The report is a corporate document that should be cited in the literature in the following manner: Restructured Electromagnetic Transients Program: (EMTP-RV), EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2001. 1001989.

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REPORT SUMMARY

The Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP)best characterized as a large system of routinesis general purpose software for simulating high-speed transient effects in electric power systems. The program features a wide range of capabilities for modeling electromagnetic, electrochemical, and control system transients ranging from microseconds to seconds in duration. This report describes the status of an effort to completely restructure the EMTP software in order to increase program efficiency and provide a readily upgradable structure for new models. Background Because the study of power system transients is a very important part of system design and evaluation, development of software for simulation of such phenomena is a highly specialized activity. Bonneville Power Administration originally developed the EMTP software in the early 1960s. Since then, the software has gone through many stages of enhancement, with EPRI becoming actively involved in program development in 1982. The latest version to date is EMTP96 Version 3.0 (AP-108768). Objective To document the status of EMTP restructuring, including software development, quality assurance, and testing. Approach To promote EMTP development and use, EPRI encouraged formation of the EMTP Development Coordination Group (DCG). The organization currently has 10 members including EPRI. Under an agreement signed in September 1997, development work was initiated on a completely restructured version of EMTP termed EMTP-RV. Four members of the DCG are engaged in the software development effort. Two members are working on quality assurance and testing. In April 2001, TransEnergie Technology (TET) proposed development of a new graphical user interface (GUI) for the restructured EMTP-RV and commercialization of the interface with EMTP-RV as a package. The commercialization proposal prepared by TET provides DCG members with a limited number of free user licenses and charges a fixed license fee after that point. EPRI believes that this proposal negatively impacts major users in the DCG. A team at EPRI has been negotiating with TET to obtain a better proposal for EPRI members. The negotiation is still in process.

Results EMTP-RV represents a reconstruction of the EMTP software coding, using previous knowledge and the component modeling code. EMTP-RV B0 was released in August 2001. While a major part of the reconstruction has been completed, a considerable amount of programming and implementation effort lies ahead. The project is behind schedule due to a variety of circumstances. EMTP-RV is scheduled for release at the end of 2002; this deadline has not changed. This report describes the functional specifications and planned deliverables of EMTP-RV. Major new features include a user-defined modeling interface as well as modeling of the dc machine, harmonic power flow, the corona branch, and the ideal thyristor. The report also documents the commercialization proposal and describes its impact on EPRI members. EPRI Perspective Since EMTP release more than 30 years ago, the user community has applied the program with great enthusiasmmaking it one of the most important and irreplaceable planning tools on the market. EMTP-RV provides more powerful modeling capability than any previous versions, with a user-friendly interface that greatly simplifies data preparation. Keywords Power system transients EMTP code Transient modeling

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ABSTRACT
The Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) is a general-purpose program to simulate electrical equipments under high speed transient condition in electric power systems. The program features a wide range of modeling capabilities used to model electromagnetic, electrochemical and control system transients ranging from microseconds to seconds in duration. The program was originally developed by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) in the early sixties and has gone through many stages of development. To promote the development and use of this program, EPRI encouraged the formation of the EMTP Development Coordination Group (DCG). The organization currently has ten members including EPRI. Under an agreement signed in September 1997, development work was initiated on a new completely restructured version of EMTP termed as EMTP-RV. Four members of the DCG are engaged in the software development effort. Two members are working on quality assurance and testing. This report describes the current status of the restructuring project. EMTP-RV B0 version was released in August 2001. A major part of the work has been completed, but considerable amount of programming and implementation effort is still ahead. The project is behind schedule due to a variety of reasons. EMTP-RV is supposed to be released at the end of 2002. The releasing deadline has not changed. In April 2001, TransEnergie Technology (TET) proposed to develop a new Graphic User Interface (GUI) for EMTP-RV and then commercialized it with EMTP-RV as a package. The commercialization proposal prepared by TET provides DCG members with a limited number of free user licenses and charges DCG members a fixed license fee after those free licenses are used up. EPRI believes that this proposal has negative impact on major users in the DCG. A team in EPRI has been working very hard to negotiate with TET in order to obtain better deals for EPRI members. The negotiation is still in process.

vii

CONTENTS

1 BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION....................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Versions M39 and M40................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Version 1.0 .................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.3 Version 2.0 .................................................................................................................. 1-2 1.4 Version 2.1 .................................................................................................................. 1-2 1.5 Version 3.0 .................................................................................................................. 1-2 1.6 Version 3.1 .................................................................................................................. 1-3 1.7 EMTPView Version 1.0................................................................................................ 1-3 2 PROJECT MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Membership................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Project Management Structure .................................................................................... 2-1 3 FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Purpose........................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 Initial Assumptions .................................................................................................. 3-1 3.3 Specific Requirements with Impact on Software User .............................................. 3-2 3.4 EMTP-RV Main Structure ............................................................................................ 3-3 3.5 Detailed Technical Research and Development .......................................................... 3-4 3.5.1 Code Interpretation .............................................................................................. 3-4 3.5.2 Frequency Scan Options....................................................................................... 3-6 3.5.3 Steady-State Solution Options .............................................................................. 3-7 3.5.4 Time-Domain Solution.......................................................................................... 3-8 3.5.5. Data Output Into a Plotting Package ................................................................... 3-9 3.5.6 Printed Output Files ............................................................................................3-10 3.5.7 Statistical Analysis Related Options ....................................................................3-10 3.5.8 Special Procedures and Options.........................................................................3-11 3.5.9 Linear Component ..............................................................................................3-13

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3.5.10 Switch ................................................................................................................3-14 3.5.11 Nonlinear Branches .........................................................................................3-15 3.5.12 Independent Source..........................................................................................3-16 3.5.13 Machines ..........................................................................................................3-17 4 DELIVERABLES AND WORK PROGRESS........................................................................ 4-1 4.1 Target Version A: Released June 2000 ....................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Target Version B: Released June 2001 ....................................................................... 4-2 4.3 Target Version C: Supposed to Deliver March (Postponed)......................................... 4-2 4.4 Target Version D: Supposed to Deliver March 2001 (Postponed)................................ 4-2 4.5 Target Version E: Supposed to Deliver June 2001 (Postponed) .................................. 4-2 4.6 Target Version F: Supposed to Deliver September 2001 (Postponed)......................... 4-3 4.7 Target Version G: Supposed to Deliver February 2002 (Postponed) ........................... 4-3 4.8 Target Version H: Supposed to Deliver June 2002 (Postponed) .................................. 4-3 4.9 Target Version I: Supposed to Deliver June 2002 (Postponed).................................... 4-3 5 COMMERCIALIZATION PROPOSAL ................................................................................. 5-1 A INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WORK ................................................................................... A-1

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3-1 The Main Structure of EMTP-RV............................................................................ 3-3

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1
BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION
The Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) is a general-purpose program for simulation of high-speed transient effects in electric power systems. The program features a wide range of modeling capabilities used to model electromagnetic, electrochemical and control system transients ranging from microseconds to seconds in duration. The program was originally developed by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). It was welcomed by the user community with great enthusiasm and was enhanced by several organizations for the first fifteen years of its existence. The program attracted a large number of users in its initial stage and the number of users has continued to grow since. Study of power system transients is a very important part of system design and evaluation. Development of software for simulation of these phenomena is a very specialized activity. Dr Hermann Dommel, at the Bonneville Power Administration, developed the first version of this program. No such software existed at that time. Power system planners realized the benefits of applying this program to their work and started using it with great enthusiasm, even though data preparation was a tedious task at that stage and the user interface are needed to be improved. The program was available to the public because of BPAs status. Several users and user groups started to enhance the program in order to meet their needs. The program, which has become a large system of routines, has gone through several stages of enhancement and testing. Various versions developed over the last thirty years are briefly described below:

1.1 Versions M39 and M40

These versions of the EMTP were the last two versions developed and distributed by the BPA before EPRI was actively involved in the development of the program.

1.2 Version 1.0

In order to foster EMTP development and increase user participation in the process, EPRI initiated the formation of a group known as the EMTP Development Coordination Group (DCG). An agreement was signed in 1982 to set up the DCG and the roles of EPRI and other members of DCG. As a result of the development effort undertaken by the DCG, several enhancements were made to the program and an expanded and reorganized Rule Book was produced. The Rule Book was basically a Users Manual, but was so named because it contained the rules of data input. The data at that stage was specified in card format. The name is still being used. This version was released by EPRI and DCG in 1987. The enhancement work made in this version included the following: 1. Correction of bugs in the previous versions 1-1

Background Introduction

2. Calculation of loss of life in turbo-generators as described in EPRI Report EL-3083 The FATIGUE routine performed this function. 3. Improved rotating machine models 4. Calculation of frequency-dependent network equivalents 5. Improvements in transmission line modeling

1.3 Version 2.0

This version was released in the spring of 1989. It included major improvements in the software and documentation. The main changes are listed below: 1. Air-gap and lightening arrester models, non-linear element and corona models and HVDC basic models, model validation improvements, line and cable model improvements and circuit-breaker arc model. 2. Updated documentation 3. Improved three-phase power flow 4. Multi-frequency initialization 5. Multi-port equivalents 6. Improved line constants 7. EMTP input processor 8. EMTP output processor

1.4 Version 2.1

This version was issued with minor enhancements only.

1.5 Version 3.0

This was a major enhancement to the program and is referred to as EMTP96 Version 3.0, because of the fact that it was expected to be released in 1996. It was actually released in 1998. The new features and enhancements include the following: 1. Critical Damping Adjustment to eliminate numerical oscillations that have traditionally plagued the calculations for switching inductive networks and the simulation of power electronics devices 2. New cable constants support module with new features such as built-in support for frequency dependent cable models, arbitrary conductor bundling and grounding 3. New transformer model including new high frequency, hysteresis and eddy current modeling. This model can reproduce the response of a transformer over a wide frequency range. 4. Frequency dependent branch model to represent frequency-dependent devices 1-2

Background Introduction

5. Three-phase load flow 6. Network reduction algorithm for coupled RLC networks with hundreds of nodes and branches 7. New corona model 8. Protection system model models such as relays and potential transformers 9. New breaker arc model 10. Restructured TACS processing, including HVDC and SVC modeling 11. Enhanced synchronous machine model 12. One-way interface from EMTP to MATLAB to allow post-processing and data manipulation capabilities

1.6 Version 3.1

This version was released in 1999 and contained some improvements in the user interface made by Ontario-Hydro. Several other improvements were made in the way the program processes cases specified to it. Multilingual support has been included during installation and some utilities have been added to the system to help in setting up study cases. Rulebooks 1 and 2 are now available completely in electronic form. This documentation uses Frame Reader as a document viewer and is fully printable. This release is a derivative work and is available only from Ontario-Hydro on payment of a license fee.

1.7 EMTPView Version 1.0

This is a complete multi-platform Graphical User Interface for EMTP Version 3.1. The core of EMTPView is the schematic diagram tool that allows the user to create a circuit diagram of the system to be simulated by pointing and clicking. The strength of EMTPView is its design, with intelligent forms and familiar look and feel. EMTPView supports all Version 3.1 models and features, including transformer, line and cable constants support.

1-3

2
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
The agreement for Phase II of the restructuring project for the Electromagnetic Transients Program was signed on September 3, 1997. A list of initial taskes and assigned resources is shown in Appedix A.

2.1 Membership
Membership of the DCG has remained stable, which shows the importance that the members attach to the work that is in progress and to EMTP in general. However, there have been changes in the membership from time to time. There used to be twelve members and currently there are ten members. Current members are given as follows.
Abbreviation AEP CEA Full name of Organization American Electric Power Canadian Electricity Association Central Research Institute of the Electric CRIEPI Power Industry of Japan EDF EPRI HQ NEG OH USBR WAPA Electricite De France Electric Power Research Institute Hydro-Quebec Nordic EMTP Group Hydro One (Ontario-Hydro) United States Bureau of Reclamation Western Area Power Administration

2.2 Project Management Structure

The agreement set up a Steering Committee to oversee the restructuring effort. All members of the DCG are also members of this committee. A Technical Committee was also set up to deal with the technical issues of software development in more detail. Only some members of the 2-1

Project Management

DCG were to be members of this committee. Canadian Electricity Association (CEA) was assigned the duties of a Project Administrator. Hydro-Quebec was assigned a large portion of the software development work and declared as the Lead Contractor for this project. HQ is expected to do the development work assigned to it and also to coordinate the work of other contractors. Ontario-Hydro (OH), ABB, CEPEL and American Electric Power (AEP) were initially allocated some of the development work as contractors. Because ABB and CEPEL have left the DCG, those tasks originally assigned to them have been transferred to HQ. This is also one of the factors contributing to the delay of this project. EDF and CRIEPI were assigned the tasks of testing and quality assurance as Quality Assurance Managers. This arrangement of duties and functions is continuing to date. The Steering Committee holds meetings twice a year. Progress of software work is reviewed and other administrative decisions are made in these meetings. The Technical Committee meets as needed and deals with details of technical issues that arise during contract execution. Contracts are drafted and executed and meetings are arranged by the CEA. Ontario-Hydro manages the EMTP support center organized by it. Any quality assurance issues that may arise during the project execution are reported to the Steering Committee by the relevant members.

2-2

3
FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS
The participants agree that the following Functional Specification shall form the basis for all software development under Restructuring Phase II. However, any provision of the following functional specification may be altered upon majority vote of the Steering Committee pursuant to sub-article 3.3 of the Restructuring Agreement.

3.1 Purpose
The main objective of this project is to create the next generation EMTP named EMTP-RV (Electromagnetic Transients Program Restructured Version). It should be a powerful and competitive product in all aspects and create another standard in its field of applications. The EMTP-RV effort will be focused on code restructuring, to make the program more efficient and easy to maintain, and on providing an easily upgradeable structure for new models, maintenance and high renewal rate, to keep pace with new technology and applications. The proposed development approach is to rewrite everything from scratch but to reuse as much knowledge and component modeling code as possible. 3.2 Initial Assumptions 1. The currently existing program version is version 3.0 of the EMTP. 2. The programming language is to be Fortran-90. EMTP-RV will benefit from Fortran-90 features for memory management, modularity, sophistication of constructs, compiler robustness and portability. Any speed decrease from the existing EMTP will have to be seriously justified. 3. The final program should remain portable and available on all popular computer platforms. 4. In all EMTP-RV versions translators will be used to maintain as much compatibility with previous versions as possible. EMTP-RV will therefore provide an equivalent for all existing EMTP models and options. A translated data file should force the user to abandon old practices. Translation includes pre-processing for complex options such as the Calculation Mode for model modules. 5. Development of new models is of crucial importance to maintain an edge in this field. If new models can benefit from the new programs core code and/or provide better performance or eliminate restrictions, then they should be incorporated as a separate project task. 6. EMTP-RV will provide major algorithmic enhancements for solving power electronic circuits and eliminate limitations in solving nonlinear functions in general. 7. EMTP-RV will eliminate existing limitations in the EMTP code: options, models and algorithms.

3-1

Functional Specifications

8. The Graphical User Interface project will provide a powerful tool to the users for data input and creation of user-defined models. It can be adjusted to follow any new program release. It will also incorporate data input features from component drawings. 9. The Electronic Rule-Book project will provide a powerful documentation tool and will reflect any future changes and needs. 10. The modeling and output processing link between MATLAB and the existing EMTP will be available in EMTP-RV. 3.3 Specific Requirements with Impact on Software User EMTP-RV will maintain complete compatibility with the existing EMTP and provide the program user increased simulation power within an easy to master environment. Here is the list of anticipated main changes visible to the user: 1. Simulation and visualizing simulation results 2. Elimination of simulator limitations linked to programming methods and algorithms. For example, any nonlinear element can coexist with other nonlinear elements in the same subnetwork. Limited and automatic insertion of artificial functions are needed for the solution algorithm. All solution options are applicable to all component models if theoretically feasible and maximum avoidance of numerical oscillations are due to time-step delays and wrong topological detection. 3. Component modeling: simplified and non-redundant selections of built-in models, better performance and some new models 4. Automatically adjustable program memory requirements and code size. Different program configurations can be arranged for diversified user applications. 5. Maximize the automation of user tasks: gathering data from different software sources or pre-processors, porting binary files, comparing simulation results. 6. Powerful and portable graphical user interface for preparing study cases, monitoring the improved and precise simulation of power electronic circuits: proper and precise detection of semiconductor device states, simultaneous interaction with surrounding control circuits, detailed modeling of semiconductor devices 7. Elimination of wait time associated with programming or algorithmic limitations: calculation of harmonic steady-state for precise calculation of initial conditions, better initialization of control systems and variable time-step for coexisting fast and slow transients 8. Simplified compatibility and interaction with other power system analysis software 9. Improved statistical analysis features and sensitivity analysis options for design optimization 10. Improved user-defined modeling features through externally connected software, highlevel interconnection of function blocks and user created program codes 11. Electronic documentation and application guides 12. State of the art programming that will deliver an easy to upgrade structure for maintenance, evolving user needs and evolving computer architectures

3-2

Functional Specifications

3.4 EMTP-RV Main Structure

The EMTP-RV core code will have a request-oriented approach with model participation. This structure is explained through Fig. 3-1. Such a simple structure has several advantages: 1. It is suitable for detachable project tasks and allows intermediate code releases and algorithmic enhancement stages. 2. If it is carefully followed, it can almost eliminate the integration plan and it will allow any developer to create and insert component model code as in a user-defined environment. 3. The component model developer is fully responsible for his code maintenance and integration (distributed integration).

Figure 3-1 The Main Structure of EMTP-RV

The first step is the building of the Ax = b solver. Since a generalized nodal analysis approach is applied, the matrix A may become non-symmetric. All component models, including userdefined models can receive core requests and may or may not participate in the called solution process. The requests are handled in clearly identified component code sections. All component models are self-contained and remain completely detachable. Features in Fortran-90 allow packaging a model's main subroutine and related functions. It is proposed to include and maintain model code and usage documentation with its source code files. Component models include control system building blocks, sensors and activators. There should be no distinctions between control systems and network models in the formulated equations and artificially inserted time-step delays will be avoided as much as possible. Presently identified request signals are: 1. 2. 3. 4. Input data and initialize Provide steady-state equations Frequency scan loop Get solution frequencies 3-3

Functional Specifications

5. Harmonic power-flow loop 6. Initialize for time-domain 7. Provide time-domain equations 8. Update history 9. Go into Backward Euler integration 10. Go into trapezoidal integration 11. Memory dump 12. Restart Other more sophisticated requests, such as new time-step, interpolate and move time-mesh can be created in later development stages.

3.5 Detailed Technical Research and Development

3.5.1 Code Interpretation All items planned to be included in the different versions of EMTP-RV are listed on the following pages. Current status of research or development for each item is listed in each table. Codes are used in the tables to indicate the status. The codes are as follows: 1. General A grayed cell or "none" means not applicable "x" means required and completed An empty cell means that information is to be completed "?" means undetermined situation 2. Required spec/research A double digit code for indicating the needed level of specification before programming and the needed level of research. A number is used between 0 and 3 for the specification level: 0 means no need to write detailed specs; 3 means requires high level specification. A number is used between 0 and 3 for indicating the extra research work level: 0 means no need for any research and fine tuning; 3 means requires high level research and fine tuning. 3. New in RV "y" means that the component or feature has a partially or completely new design in EMTPRV; "n" means that the component or feature is identical to whatever existed in EMTP-V3. 4. Completion status A number is used between 0 and 5: 0 means coding has not started; 1 means coding has just started; 2 means coding is partially completed; 3 means coding is completed; 3-4

Functional Specifications

4 means GUI forms are completed; 5 means validation is complete for all aspects of the component. 5. Translate V3 data file "x" means translator work is required and completed. 6. GUI based assembly "y" means should be assembled through the GUI using basic components; "some" means some parts of the component can be assembled using the GUI. 7. Component output "i" means current output is available from the component; "v" means branch voltage output is available for the component; "p" means branch power output is available for the component; "f" means branch flux output is available for the component.

3-5

Functional Specifications

3.5.2 Frequency Scan Options

Element Automatic source frequency sweep, all sources with start time less than zero Frequency scan option, linear scale Frequency scan option, log scale Input impedance option (input impedances Zin at any location and mutual impedances Zm at any location) Output presentations: as requested on components and for basic quantities, amplitude, phase, real part and imaginary part, binary file only Output options for Zin, binary file only Output options for Zm, binary file only Contingency analysis options with Zin and Zm Output options for contingency analysis Option for controlling fixed output rate Option for variable output rate Required spec/research 00 00 00 10 New in RV n n n y x Translate Planned Completion data Version 3 3 0 0 A A C H

10 10 10 10 11 00 10

y y y y y n y x

3 0 0 0 0 3 0

A H H H H A C

3-6

Functional Specifications

3.5.3 Steady-State Solution Options

Element Linear steady-state solution, network topology for time-domain solution Printed output for voltage, current and power-flow at all solution frequencies Initialization with superposition of sources Harmonic steady-state solution, network topology for time-domain solution, including nonlinear branch capability (Newton method) Printed output for voltage, current and power-flow at all solution frequencies Initialization with superposition of sources, including nonlinear branch capability Three-phase power-flow with PQ, PV nodes Initialization at fundamental frequency including loads and machines FIX SOURCE1 EMTP-V3 option Printed output for voltage, current and power-flow Three-phase harmonic power-flow with PQ, PV nodes Initialization with nonlinearities, loads and machines Printed output for voltage, current and power-flow at all solution frequencies Option for sending steady-state solution into plot file Required spec/research 00 00 00 00 11 00 01 12 12 10 10 23 23 10 New in RV n n y y y y y n n n n y y y Translate V3 status 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Completion Planned Version A A A A D D D D D D D G G G

3-7

Functional Specifications

3.5.4 Time-Domain Solution

Element Setup from automatic initial conditions, when available from steadystate solution Setup from manual initial conditions Fixed time-step integration Manual time-step variation Event-triggered time-step Interpolation Trapezoidal method for integration Backward Euler method for integration Trapezoidal and Backward Euler method for discontinuities Waveform output options Option for controlling fixed output rate Option for variable output rate Required spec/research 00 10 00 11 22 33 00 00 00 10 00 10 New in RV n n n y y y n y n n n n x x x x Translate V3 Completion Data status X x x 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 0 Planned Version A A A E E F A A A A A B

3-8

Functional Specifications

3.5.5. Data Output Into a Plotting Package

Element Default Single precision output Optional double precision output Option for turning on/off output Option for controlling fixed output rate Option for variable output rate MATLAB MCAT compatibility New plot package compatibility New plot package An independent software package for waveform analysis Proposition based on an existing package Required spec/research 0 00 00 00 00 00 11 22 New in Translate V3 Completion Planned Version RV data status n n n n y n y y x x x x 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 0 A B A A B A F F

3-9

Functional Specifications

3.5.6 Printed Output Files

Element Type of output Simple ASCII file reports Optional HTML file reports Generic reports Basic information on simulation variables and options Basic information on network topology Warning and error messages Steady-state output for voltage, current, power-flow Option for turning on/off outputs Required Spec/Research 00 00 12 00 00 00 00 00 00 New in RV n n y n y y y y y Translate V3 data x x Completion Status 3 2 0 2 3 3 3 3 3 Planned Version A A C A A A A A A

3.5.7 Statistical Analysis Related Options

Element All parameters on EMTP-V3 miscellaneous data lines Tabulate Energization Results Statistics Output Salvage Omit base case Time of Dice Roll Output into plotting package Sensitivity functions (to be defined) Other options (to be defined) Required spec/research 00 11 11 11 11 11 22 22 New in RV n n n n n n y y Translate V3 Completion data status x 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 B Planned Version A B B B B B

3-10

Functional Specifications

3.5.8 Special Procedures and Options

Element Data input module and service routines Old EMTP-V3 data file translator code Library of sparse matrix functions Integration of sparse matrix solver package Memory reallocation for the main system matrix User defined memory selection for the main system matrix Setup for creating and maintaining the main system of equations Setup for handling the component interaction with the main system of equations Standard templates for component development Setup for data transfer from components during simulation Setup for varying topology reformulation Illegal switch operation reject in time-domain Floating network fix in steady-state and time-domain, user options for selecting high impedance value Setup for numerical precision control Library of various service routines Nonlinear solution techniques with automatic fix for problematic cases True-nonlinear solution for all nonlinear elements in any topological position Support for optional one time-step delay solution for all nonlinear elements Required spec/research 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 22 01 01 New in RV y y y y y y y y y y y y n y y y y y Translate V3 data Completion status 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 2 3 3 3 3 0 Planned Version A A A A B A A A A A A B B A A A A E

3-11

Functional Specifications Special Procedures and Options (Contd) Element Sources connected between any two nodes EMTP-V3 option for voltage sources connected in parallel, translation issue Dump/start again Memory allocation standard Error message routines Language control routines Required spec/research 00 00 01 00 00 00 New in RV y y n n y y Translate V3 data Completion status 3 3 0 0 3 3 Planned Version A A C F A A

3-12

Functional Specifications

3.5.9 Linear Component

Element RLC PI section, general, RL and C PI section, for RL PI section, sequence input PIB section, use RB version Cascade PI Ideal transformer EMTP-V3 transformer component FDB CP-Line FD-Line FDQ-Line Corona option WBL (Wideband line) Voltage controlled current source Voltage controlled voltage source Current controlled current source Current controlled voltage source State-space block
Required spec/research

New
in RV

Translate V3 data

Completion status

Planned Version A A A A A C A A B C G G E E E E

00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 33 33 00 00 00 00 22

n n n n n n n n n n n n y y y y y y y

x x x x x x x x

3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 1

3-13

Functional Specifications

3.5.10 Switch
Element Ideal time-controlled switch, Sw0 Ideal flashover-controlled switch, Swg Statistics switch, Swstat Systematic switch, Swsys Ideal diode: D0 (EMTP Type-11 with no TACS) Diode with series voltage drop Ideal thyristor, Thy0 (EMTP Type-11 with TACS grid) Controlled switch, Swcont (EMTP Type-11 with TACS open/close) Controlled switch, Swcont (EMTP Type-13 with TACS open/close) Spark/Clamp switch, SwSpark (EMTP type-12)
Required spec/research New in RV Translate V3 data Completion status

Planned Version A A F F A C B B B B

00 00 20 20 00 01 00 00 00 00

n n n n n n n n n n

x x x x x x x x x x

3 3 2 0 3 0 3 3 3 3

3-14

Functional Specifications

3.5.11 Nonlinear Branches

Element Staircase Resistance, Rstair (for EMTP type-91) Staircase Resistance, Rstair (for EMTP type-97) Piecewise linear, Rnonl (for EMTP type-92) Piecewise linear, Rnonl (for EMTP type-99) ZnO SiC Arc Inductance, Lnonl (for EMTP type-93) Inductance, Lnonl (for EMTP type-98) Hysteretic reactor Required New spec/research in RV 01 01 01 01 02 02 02 02 02 03 n n n n n n n n n n x x x x x x x Translate V3 data Completion status 0 0 3 3 3 3 0 3 3 0 A A B B A B Planned Version

3-15

Functional Specifications

3.5.12 Independent Source

Element Step function: Vp (EMTP type-11) Step function: Ip (EMTP type-11) Ramp function: Vramp (EMTP type-12) Ramp function: Iramp (EMTP type-12) Complex ramp function: Vcramp (EMTP type-13) Complex ramp function: Icramp (EMTP type-13) Sinusoidal function: Vsine (EMTP type-14) Sinusoidal function: Isine (EMTP type-14) Double exponential: Vsurge (EMTP type-15) Double exponential: Isurge (EMTP type-15) New source models User-defined source, Vuser User-defined source, Iuser Ideal transformer source (EMTP type-18) Current controlled dc voltage source (EMTP type-16) Sources with user-defined functions (EMTP type-1 to 10)
Required spec/research New in RV Translate V3 Completion data status

Planned Version A A A A A A A A A A B B B B B

00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 22 11 11 00 00 00

n n n n n n n n n n y y y n n n

x x x x x x x x x x

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3

x x x

3 3 3

3-16

Functional Specifications

3.5.13 Machines
Element Required spec/research New in RV

Translate V3 Completion
data status

Planned Version D

Synchronous machine, SM, (EMTP type 59) Synchronous machine, SM, (EMTP UM type-1) Synchronous machine, SM, (EMTP UM type-2) Induction machine, IM, (EMTP UM type-3) Induction machine, IM, (EMTP UM type-4) Induction machine, IM, (EMTP UM type-5) Single phase ac machine, ACM1, (EMTP UM type-6) Single phase ac machine, ACM1, (EMTP UM type-7) DC machine, DCM, (EMTP UM type-8) DC machine, DCM, (EMTP UM type-9) DC machine, DCM, (EMTP UM type-10) DC machine, DCM, (EMTP UM type-11) DC machine, DCM, (EMTP UM type-12)

22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22

y y y y y y y y y y y y y

3-17

4
DELIVERABLES AND WORK PROGRESS
Summary of the contents of the Target Versions for EMTPRV is given here. The objective is to provide a List of Elements used to track project status. It also allows developers to check on completed items and verify code deployment. If during the development cycle, some new elements become essential or provide significant technical advantages, then they will be added to this list. It is a basic list, in view of the fact that the development strategy is to provide a powerful kernel, upon which new components can be based using the schematic capture GUI. Past experience and software complexity demonstrate that it is very difficult to provide completion dates on a short term basis. That is why it is has been decided to list Target Versions. Intermediate versions become available on the web when they provide a sufficient number of new features and can be submitted to the validation team. At this time, Ontario Hydro is expected to deliver: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. FD-Line FDQ-Line Frequency dependent network equivalent Advanced line model Restructured version of AUX Restructured version of FDNE

Some of the above items are shown in the List of Elements using italic characters. The deliverables 1 to 4 are minimal expectations. The extent of work in deliverables 5 and 6 is unknown at this stage. It can range from basic conversion to Fortran-95 with dynamic memory allocation, to complete rewriting on the style of output for model data.

4.1 Target Version A: Released June 2000

EMTP-V3 data file translation Frequency scan option Steady-state solution Initialization from linear multi-frequency steady-state solution Manual initial conditions option Trapezoidal integration with fixed time-step Backward Euler integration with fixed time-step Trapezoidal to Backward Euler switching during discontinuities Statistical analysis options (basic) Frequency scan option Setup for solving nonlinear elements 4-1

Deliverables and Work Progress

Output setups RLC branch PI section CP-line FD-line ZnO arrester Nonlinear inductance Sources Ideal switch Ideal diode Gap switch Statistical switch

4.2 Target Version B: Released June 2001

Statistical analysis options (final) SiC arrester Nonlinear time-varying resistance Piecewise linear resistance with flashover Synchronous machine FDQ-line Documentation GUI forms, initial set

4.3 Target Version C: Supposed to Deliver March (Postponed)

Documentation GUI functions, advanced set

4.4 Target Version D: Supposed to Deliver March 2001 (Postponed)

Induction machine Harmonic steady-state with nonlinear functions Three-phase power-flow New line model Ideal Thyristor Documentation

4.5 Target Version E: Supposed to Deliver June 2001 (Postponed)

Single-phase ac machine Basic Control System functions Manual time-step variation Documentation

4-2

Deliverables and Work Progress

4.6 Target Version F: Supposed to Deliver September 2001 (Postponed)

New plot package Advanced Control System functions DC machine MATLAB interface Documentation Interpolation

4.7 Target Version G: Supposed to Deliver February 2002 (Postponed)

Three-phase harmonic power-flow State-space block Dependent branch functions

4.8 Target Version H: Supposed to Deliver June 2002 (Postponed)

FDB Corona branch Improvements in the Frequency Analysis option (Zin, Zm) Documentation

4.9 Target Version I: Supposed to Deliver June 2002 (Postponed)

Hysteretic reactor User-defined modeling interface Final Control Systems solver Documentation

4-3

5
COMMERCIALIZATION PROPOSAL
TransEnergie Technologies (TET) proposed to develop a new Graphic User Interface (GUI) termed EMTPWorks for EMTP-RV and then commercialize EMTP-RV with this new GUI as a package. TET would like to ask DCG share the investment cost involved in this undertaking. Because most of DCG members are not willing to put more investment into the development of GUI, TET wanted to negotiate an agreement taking into consideration a sharing of the investment cost and revenue with DCG members. In April 2001, the DCG Steering Committee held a meeting in New Orleans to discuss TET's commercialization proposal. In this meeting, the Steering Committee authorized CEATI to negotiate an exclusive five-year commercialization agreement with TET and prepared a draft proposal for the commercialization. The guidelines include that (i) (ii) DCG members will receive a royalty-free license for EMTP-RV with basic upgrades and maintenance support. CEATI will negotiate an agreement with TET to provide royalty free licenses to DCG members.

(iii) Since DCG is not able to share the risk and provide capital to fund the development of GUI, TET will fund all of the risk capital to develop the GUI. In return, DCG will allow TET to retain all of the royalties up to a maximum amount of capital to be defined as the cost of GUI plus a reasonable risk premium over the five year term of agreement. However, a new proposal, released after CEA negotiated with TET, does not reflect all of the intentions discussed at the New Orleans meeting. Based on this proposal, DCG members would receive a limited number of free user licenses for the GUI. Once these free licenses used up, DCG members would have to pay for each user license at a fixed rate. Because EPRI has a large number of users and our membership will change year to year, EPRI believes that this proposal would have negative impact on the major users in DCG. CRIEPI, having a similar situation to EPRI, also raised the same concerns and opposed to this proposal. However, CEA and HQ are pushing other DCG members to agree to this proposal. According to the Consolidation Agreement signed on 1997, EPRI has an equal voting right as the rest of nine members on major issues. Since most of the DCG members have a limited number of user licenses and also have not put large amount of investment into EMTP-RV development, they are willing to give up their royalties to obtain new EMTP-RV with GUI.

5-1

Commercialization Proposal

EPRI has been working very hard to negotiate with TET in order to create a better arrangement for EPRI members. Richard Lordan, Stephen Lee, Dejan Sobajic, Bruce Braga and I formed a team to deal with this matter. We generated a list of questions and concerns and requested responses and comments from TET. We hope these questions and concerns can help other DCG members realize the potential risks of implementing this commercialization proposal. The negotiation so far is still in process. The final decision may not favor EPRI's interests. However, in order to obtain the source code of EMTP-RV, we may have to stay in the DCG until the final version of EMTP-RV is released.

5-2

A
INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WORK

Members CREIPI CEPEL EDF AEP HQ

Assignment of tasks Testing and validation, quality assurance assistance to EDF TACS enhancements and restructuring of software accordingly Creation of test cases Quality assurance Three-phase load flow enhancements Harmonic power flow development Coordination of all programming activities as the lead contractor Preparation of Manual of Programming guidelines (60% of effort) Reprogram the following models Non-linear branch, corona, universal machine, switch, PQ load Program core code organizer and code solver sections Reprogram control system blocks and digital control system blocks Program waveform monitoring capability, statistical and sensitivity analysis sections of the organizer Harmonic power flow in conjunction with AEP Data file translator for Version 3.0 input files Documentation Preparation of Manual of Programming guidelines (40% of effort) User-defined modeling Reprogram models including all available linear models, lines, cables, coupled branches, transformer models, hysteretic reactor and frequency dependent branch Input and output processors and external pre-processors Graphic User Interface Project administration

OH

CEA

A-1

Target: Grid Planning and Development

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