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dq
SVM
-
-
L
f
C
f
V
_ref
V
_ref
V
d
V
q
V
dc
I
d_act
I
q_act
Inverter
=
3~
abc
dq
abc
Ve
j
Local
Grid
Grid
I
q_ref
I
d_ref
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
23
Symmetrical grid forming mode inverter
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
dq
SVM
-
-
-
L
f
C
f
V
_ref
V
_ref
V
d
V
q
V
dc
PLL
I
d_act
I
q_act
Inverter
=
3~
V
ref
V
act
-
abc
dq
abc
w
act
V
act
w
ref
Local
Grid
Grid
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
24
Symmetrical grid forming mode inverter with primary control
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
Q
act
Primary Control
-
-
w
V
K
w
K
V
P
act
P and Q
Measurement
P
ref
-
Q
ref
dq
SVM
-
-
-
L
f
C
f
V
_ref
V
_ref
V
d
V
q
V
dc
PLL
I
d_act
I
q_act
Inverter
=
3~
V
ref
V
act
-
abc
dq
abc
w
act
V
act
w
ref
Local
Grid
Grid
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
25
Symmetrical grid forming mode inverter with primary control
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
Q
act
Primary Control
-
-
w
V
K
w
K
V
P
act
P and Q
Measurement
P
ref
-
Q
ref
dq
SVM
-
-
-
L
f
C
f
V
_ref
V
_ref
V
d
V
q
V
dc
PLL
I
d_act
I
q_act
Inverter
=
3~
V
ref
V
act
-
abc
dq
abc
w
act
V
act
w
ref
Local
Grid
Grid
Proposed control schemas
fulfill the requirement of
decentralized generators
Grid Code !!
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
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Asymmetrical grid forming mode inverter
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
Inverter Feeding Modes
at Grid Side
Grid Parallel
Symmetrical Asymmetrical Symmetrical Asymmetrical Symmetrical Asymmetrical
Grid Forming Grid Supporting
ECS Driven Feeding Grid Driven Feeding
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
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Asymmetrical grid forming mode inverter
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
SVM
L
f
C
f
V
dc
Inverter
=
3~
w
act
Local
Grid
Grid
Positive sequence
V-Controller I-Controller
-
-
-
-
V
1_q
w
ref
V
1_d_ref
w
act
V
1_d
I
1_q
I
1_d V
1_d
Negative sequence
V-Controller I-Controller
-
-
-
-
V
2_q
V
2_q_ref
V
2_d_ref
V
2_q
V
2_d
I
2_q
I
2_d V
2_d
Zero sequence
V-Controller I-Controller
-
-
-
-
V
0_q
V
0_q_ref
V
0_d_ref
V
0_q
V
0_d
I
0_q
I
0_d V
0_d
[ I
120_dq_act
] [ V
120_dq_act
]
PLL
[ V
120_dq
]
V
_ref
V
_ref
V
_ref
120
abc
120
abc
120
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
28
Asymmetrical grid forming mode inverter with primary control
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
SVM
L
f
C
f
V
dc
Inverter
=
3~
w
act
Local
Grid
Grid
Positive sequence
V-Controller I-Controller
-
-
-
-
V
1_q
w
ref
V
1_d_ref
w
act
V
1_d
I
1_q
I
1_d V
1_d
Negative sequence
V-Controller I-Controller
-
-
-
-
V
2_q
V
2_q_ref
V
2_d_ref
V
2_q
V
2_d
I
2_q
I
2_d V
2_d
Zero sequence
V-Controller I-Controller
-
-
-
-
V
0_q
V
0_q_ref
V
0_d_ref
V
0_q
V
0_d
I
0_q
I
0_d V
0_d
[ I
120_dq_act
] [ V
120_dq_act
]
PLL
[ V
120_dq
]
V
_ref
V
_ref
V
_ref
120
abc
120
abc
120
Primary Control
V
1_d
K
V1_d
K
K
V2_d
K
V2_q
K
V0_d
K
V0_q
w
V
2_d
V
2_q
V
0_d
V
0_q
Q
1
P
1
Q
2
P
2
Q
0
P
0
P
ref
Q
act
P
act
Q
ref
-
-
abc
120
abc
120
-
-
-
-
-
-
P and Q
Measurement
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
29
Agenda
Status of the Renewable Energy in Germany
Problems and Strategies for Grid Integration
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Conclusion
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
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Developed smart inverter: technical specifications
Total Power 100.0 kVA
2 x Module 12.5 kVA
1 x Module 25.0 kVA
1 x Module 50.0 kVA
Max. Input Voltage 800 V (DC)
Output Voltage 3 x 400 V (AC)
Max. Efficiency 95 %
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
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50.0 kVA inverter module
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
32
AC Connection module
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
33
Developed smart inverter
50 kVA inverter module
AC Connection module
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
34
Verification of proposed control methodology of smart inverter
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
=
3 ~
L
C
V
dc
25 kVA
L
C
=
V
dc
3 ~
12.5 kVA
Load
Parallel operation of 2 Asymmetrical
Grid Forming with Primary Control
inverters are examined.
Inverter Parameters:
V
dc
= 780 V
V
ref
= 230 V
f
ref
= 50 Hz
V
droop
= 4 %
f
droop
= 4 %
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
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Asymmetrical Grid Forming with Primary Control
Asymmetrical load; R
A
=20, R
B
=40 , R
C
=60
Load Voltages
Load Currents
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
36
Asymmetrical Grid Forming with Primary Control
Symmetrical load; R
A
= R
B
= R
C
= 16
Load Voltages
Load Currents
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
37
Agenda
Status of the Renewable Energy in Germany
Problems and Strategies for Grid Integration
System Architecture and Control Methodology of Smart Inverter
Implementation and Verification of Smart Inverter
Conclusion
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
38
Conclusion
Characteristics of the proposed smart inverter control architectures:
The introduced control architectures enable reliable, fast and
efficient control of future oriented power systems
Increase the flexibility and adaptability for DERs grid integration
into conventional grids
Support the conventional control schemas, which are consequently
down sized to the low voltage level
Give an opportunity to establish an advance control function down
to local level
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Conclusion
Change the ordinary DERs integration to be a part of the dynamic grid
control and management
Empower and turn distribution network to be the active control area
with Smart Inverter
Local Area
Intelligent Substation
Prosumer
50 kW
=
=
CHIP
CHIP
=
3~
CHIP
CHIP
CHIP
CHIP
CHIP
CHIP
3~
=
3~
CHIP
SGCC
Long Beach, 21.03.2013
40
Acknowledgement
This research work is supported by
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Thank You For Your Attention!
Paramet Wirasanti
South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences,
Division Soest
Department of Electrical Engineering
Laboratory of Power Systems and Power Economics
Email: wirasanti@fh-swf.de
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