TP CH KHOA HC, i hc Hu, Tp 74B, S 5, (2012), 113-122

NH GI KH NNG X L NC THI NUI TRNG THY SN NC L CA B LC SINH HC HIU KH C LP M NGP NC Phan Th Hng Ngn, Phm Khc Liu
Trng i hc Khoa hc, i hc Hu

Tm tt. Bi bo trnh by kt qu nghin cu x l nc thi nui tm bng h thng lc sinh hc c lp m ngp nc s dng vt liu bm l si acrylic cc ti trng hu c khc nhau. Sau khi khi ng h thng, cho thch nghi vi mi trng c mui tng dn t 0 - 15, thch nghi vi nc thi nui tm, kh nng x l ca b lc sinh hc cc ti trng hu c khc nhau c kho st. B phn ng c kh nng x l tt nc thi nui tm s ging v nui tm trn ct vi hiu sut loi COD t 73,7% v hiu sut loi NH4N t 97,4% ti trng 1,2 kg-COD/m3/ngy, cho COD u ra t yu cu x thi theo ct A, QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT. Hiu sut x l COD gim dn khi ti trng hu c tng, tuy nhin ngay c ti trng 1,5 kg-COD/m3/ngy, a s u ra vn t yu cu theo tiu chun x thi ni trn. Mc sinh bn quan st c kh thp, ch 0,7 g-SS/ngy hay 0,4 g-SS/g-COD b x l, lin quan n s hin din ca cc vi sinh vt bc dinh dng cao hn vi khun, to ra chui thc n trn lp bn dnh bm. T kha: nc thi nui tm, SAFB, lc sinh hc, x l.

1. M u Trong khi t trng ng gp ca khi nng, lm nghip v thy sn vo tng GDP c nc lin tc gim t 24,5% nm 2000 xung khong 21% nm 2009, t trng ca ring lnh vc nui trng thy sn vn tng dn, t 2,7% nm 2000 ln gn 5% nm 2009 [1]. S tng trng ca nui trng thy sn ch yu l nh vo nhng tin b v k thut nui, s cng nghip ha qu trnh nui cho nng sut nui cao hn. Tuy nhin, ng hnh vi s tng trng li l nhng cnh bo ngy cng gia tng v tc ng xu n mi trng do s pht trin qu nng, thiu quy hoch, thiu bn vng ca nui trng thy sn. V d, loi hnh nui tm trn ct cho li nhun rt cao, nhng ang gy ra hai vn mi trng ng lo ngi cho vng ven bin min Trung l khai thc nc ngm qu mc (do nhu cu nc ngt dng pha vi nc bin lm nc nui rt ln, c khong 16.000 27.000 m3/ha/v nui) v nc thi gy nhim cho mi trng xung quanh. H thng nui tun hon nc (RAS, recirculation aquaculture system), trong nc thay ra hay thi ra c x l ring ri cp tr li cho ao nui, l mt gii php thc hnh qun l tt hn trong nui tm [2]. RAS c th xem l gi i
113

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nh gi kh nng x l nc thi

php gip nui tm trn ct gii quyt c cng lc hai vn nu trn. Thng thng nc ta, vic x l nc thay ra tun hon c tin hnh trong mt ao lng v mt ao x l, chim t l 15-20% din tch; trong ao x l c th th nui c r phi, cc loi nhuyn th (vm, s huyt...) [3] [4]. Trong cc loi hnh nui tm thm canh v nui cng nghip trn ct, mt lng rt ln thc n, phn v c, phn hu c c a vo ao nui nhm tng nng sut sn phm. Hiu qu s dng cc thnh phn b sung ny thng kh thp, v d lng thc n a vo ch c hp thu khong 25 - 30% [5]. Do vy nc thi t cc ao nui rt giu cc cht hu c (t thc n, phn bn), nit, phtpho (t phn hy cc prtin) v cht rn l lng. Vi mt vi sinh vt hu ch thp, vic x l bng cc ao t nhin kh t yu cu cht lng nc (gim BOD5, COD, N, P) tun hon v i h i din tch ao ln. Cc qu trnh x l hiu kh th bm (lc sinh hc hiu kh), vi mt vi sinh vt hu ch rt cao, c th l gii php thay th. H thng lc sinh hc hiu kh vi lp m ngp nc (SAFB = Submerged Aerated Fixed Bed) c kh nng x l cc t i lng cht hu c cao, ngoi ra nh thi gian lu bn di cn to iu kin cho s sinh trng v hot ng ca cc vi khun nitrat ha [6]. Mt vn cn gii quyt l hot ng x l ca b SAFB iu kin mu i cao. Trong mt nghin cu trc, chng ti lm thch nghi c bn hot tnh hiu kh vi mi trng tng hp c mu i cao n 15%0 trn b SAFB, vi hiu qu loi COD n 87,3% [7]. Bi bo ny trnh by kt qu ca nghin cu p dng bn hot tnh thch nghi ni trn vo x l nc thi nui tm. 2. Vt liu v phng php nghin cu 2.1. Th nghim trn m hnh x l lin tc H thng th nghim x l c lp rp nh s hnh 1. B phn ng lm bng nha mica trong, c tng th tch 5 L. Vt liu bm cho sinh khi c khi lng 40 g, lm t si nha acrylic dng tm li c th co gin, c tn thng mi l Biofix (hng Kim sot nhi t NET, Nht Bn).
Bm kh
P

Qu trnh khi ng, thch nghi vi iu kin mi trng c mui cao (t 0 15) c tin hnh trong 60 ngy, nh c m t trong [7]. Hnh 2 cho thy s bm dnh ca bn trn vt liu sau giai on khi ng. Sau , h thng c chy thch nghi vi nc thi nui

Kim sot pH ng h o lu lng kh Nc thi ra

Bm nhu ng B cha nc thi u vo u phn phi bt kh B phn ng SAFB

Vt liu bm

Hnh 1. S h thng th nghim x l sinh hc.

PHAN TH HNG NGN, PHM KHC LIU

115

trng thy sn trong vng 10 ngy, ri cho vn hnh nhm nh gi kh nng x l nc thi nui trng thy sn cc ti trng hu c khc nhau (t 0,3 n 1,5 kg COD/m3/ngy) bng cch gim thi gian lu thy lc (HRT). Trong khun kh nghin cu, cc thng s vn hnh khc c duy tr mc n nh: pH 7,0 7,5; lu lng sc kh 0,4 L/pht v nhit trong b 32oC.

(a). Trc khi np bn

(b). Sau khi bn bm ln vt liu

Hnh 2. S bm dnh tt ca bn du giai on khi ng.

2.2. Ly mu v phn tch mu 2.2.1. Ly mu nc thi nui tm Nc thi sn xut tm s ging v nc thi nui tm trn ct c s dng nghin cu kh nng x l ca b SAFB. Nc thi nui tm ging c ly t Tri sn xut ging cht lng cao thn C Li, x Ph Hi, huyn Ph Vang, tnh Tha Thin Hu. Mu c ly vo thi im tho nc b nui tm ging bng xi-phng t y b. Nc thi nui tm trn ct c ly ti cng thi ca cc ao nui khi x thay nc hoc x cui v ca Cng ty C phn Trng Sn x in Lc, huyn Qung in, tnh Tha Thin Hu. mi t ly mu, nc thi c cha trong cc can nha PE dung tch 20 L (tng th tch mu m i ln khong 100 120 L) v vn chuyn ngay v phng th nghim. Phn mu phn tch cc thng s c ly ra trong vng 24 gi, phn cn li c bo qun khng qu 4 ngy trong t lnh 0 - 50C dng lm u vo cho b phn ng. 2.2.2. Ly mu nh gi vn hnh h thng Trong cc giai on th nghim, nc thi u vo v u ra c ly nh gi hiu qu x l, vi tn sut 2 - 3 ngy/ln. Cht rn l lng c loi b bng cch lc qua giy lc si thy tinh 1 m trc khi phn tch. 2.2.3. Phn tch mu Tin hnh phn tch cc thng s pH, COD, NH4+-N, NO3--N, NO2--N, tng nit (T-N), kim (theo CaCO3) i vi cc mu nc thi nui tm v cc mu u vo -

116

nh gi kh nng x l nc thi

u ra h thng SAFB. Cc phng php phn tch tiu chun cho nc v nc thi ca Hoa K [8] c p dng: phng php hi lu kn-trc quang vi COD, phng php kh bng ct Cd vi NO3- - N v phng php persulfat vi T-N. Ring NH4+-N c phn tch theo phng php trc quang vi thuc th OPP [9]. 3. Kt qu v tho lun 3.1. c im ca nc thi nui tm 3.1.1. Nc thi nui tm s ging Kt qu phn tch cc mu nc thi ly ti tri nui tm s gi ng thn C Li, Ph Hi, Ph Vang, Tha Thin Hu c tng hp trong bng 1.
Bng 1. c im nc thi nui tm s ging tri nui C Li (Ph Hi, Ph Vang)

STT Thng s

n v

Khong gi tr 6,9 - 7,8

TB S (n = 8) 7,2 0,2

QCVN 24:2009/

QCVN QCVN 08:2008/ 10:2008/

BTNMT BTNMT BTNMT (ct B) 5,5 - 9,0 100 100 10 30 6,0 - 8,5 30 15 0,2 0,02 5,0 6,5 - 8,5 50 3 0,1 -

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pH mui SS COD NH4-N NO2-N NO3-N Tng nit kim (CaCO3)

mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

14,6 - 16,5 15,8 0,6 28 - 45 90 - 180 2,1 - 5,4 0,8 - 5,5 1,5 - 5,5 8 - 28 34 5 116 23 3,7 1,0 1,7 1,3 2,8 1,2 17,0 7,4

100 - 120 113,0 8,4

Nc thi nui tm s ging a s mu c nng COD hi vt tiu chun thi (QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT, ct B). Trong trng hp nc thi ny mun ti s dng cho cc ao nui hoc b sung vo ngun nc lm mi trng sng cho ng vt thy sinh th theo cc quy chun k thut quc gia (QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT cho nc mt v QCVN 10:2008/BTNMT cho nc bin ven b, s phi x l gim SS, cc cht hu c, NH4-N, NO2-N v NO3-N. 3.1.2. Nc thi nui tm trn ct Cc c trng ca nc thi nui tm ly t cc ao nui ca Cng ty C phn Trng Sn x in Lc, huyn Qung in, tnh Tha Thin Hu c th hi n trong bng 2.

PHAN TH HNG NGN, PHM KHC LIU Bng 2. c im nc thi nui tm trn ct in Lc (Qung in)

117

STT

Thng s

n v

Khong gi tr 7,2 - 7,7

TB S (n = 4) 7,4 0,5

QCVN QCVN QCVN 24:2009/ 08:2008/ 10:2008/ BTNMT (ct B) BTNMT BTNMT 5,5 - 9,0 6,0 - 8,5 100 100 10 30 30 15 0,2 0,02 5,0 6,5 - 8,5 50 3 0,1 -

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

pH mui SS COD NH4-N NO2-N NO3-N Tng nit

mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

16,3 - 18,1 17,1 1,7 58 - 80 130 - 200 1,4 - 6,7 0,9 - 2,3 0,8 - 2,5 6 - 11 66 22 169 65 4,4 5,0 1,8 1,4 1,7 1,6 9,0 4,8

ki m mg/L (CaCO3)

110 - 120 113,3 10,6

Nhn chung, nc thi nui tm trn ct c thnh phn nhim gn tng t v i nc thi nui tm s ging. Gi tr ca hu ht cc thng s u nm trong khong tiu chun thi cho php (QCVN 24:2009, ct B), tr COD vt tiu chun 1,3 - 2,0 ln. Nu so vi yu cu v cht lng nc mt QCVN 08:2008 v nc bin ven b QCVN 10:2008, m bo i sng thy sinh, phi x l gim cc cht rn l lng (SS), COD, NH4-N, NO2-N v NO3-N. 3.2. Kh nng x l ca b SAFB cc ti trng hu c khc nhau Trong 10 ngy chy thch nghi vi nc thi nui tm s ging, hiu sut trung bnh x l COD v NH4-N tng ng l 83,6% v 70%. T ngy th nghim th 70, kh nng x l cc ti trng hu c khc nhau c theo di v nh gi. Thi gian u nc thi u vo l nc thi nui tm s gi ng c b sung kali hydrophtalat v dung dch CH3COONH4 20 g/L iu chnh nng COD v NH4-N. Tuy nhin do kt thc v nui tm ging nn t ngy th 108 nc thi nui tm trn ct c s dng thay th. Cc loi nc thi ny c mu i trung bnh t 15,4 - 18,1 . Ti trng vn hnh tng dn t 0,6 - 1,5 kg COD/m3/ngy bng cch gim thi gian lu thy lc t 10 h xung cn 8, 6, 4, v 2 h. 3.2.1. Kh nng x l COD Hiu qu x l COD ca b SAFB cc ti trng hu c khc nhau c trnh by trong bng 3 v hnh 3.

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nh gi kh nng x l nc thi Bng 3. Kt qu x l COD cc ti trng hu c khc nhau

Ti trng hu c (kg-COD/m /ngy) 0,6 0,8 1,2 1,5

3

Nng COD u vo (mg/L) 218 19 187 17 208 16 128 14

Nng COD u ra (mg/L) 45,8 5,1 45,4 5,5 53,5 4,7 63,1 10,2

Hiu sut x l (%) 77,6 3,8 75,3 3,7 73,7 3,4 47,8 11,8

Ghi ch: Cc gi tr trong bng l TB S vi n = 22, 11, 11 v 11 ng vi cc ti trng hu c 0,6; 0,8; 1,2 v 1,5 kg-COD/m3/ngy.

T kt qu thu c, c th thy rng hiu qu x l COD gim khi tng ti trng x l. Mc gim hiu sut x l khi tng ti trng t 0,6 ln 0,8 ri 1,2 kgCOD/m3 /ngy nh hn khi tng t 1,2 ln 1,5 kg-COD/m3/ngy. Tuy nhin cc ti trng , u ra ca h thng x l vn lun c COD t ct B, QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT.
COD ra
100
COD (mg/L), Hi u sut loi COD (%)

Loi COD

OLR
1.5 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0
OLR (kg-COD/m /ngy)

80 60 40 20 0 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 Thi gian th nghim (ngy)

Hnh 3. Hiu sut x l COD ti trng hu c khc nhau.

3.2.2. Kh nng x l NH4-N Gi tr trung bnh ca nng u ra cc hp cht nit v hiu qu x l amni c tng hp bng 4 v biu din hnh 4.
Bng 4. Kh nng x l NH4-N cc ti trng hu c khc nhau

Thng s NH4-N Nng u vo (mg/L)

Ti trng hu c (kg-COD/m3/ngy) 0,6 11,8 1,6 0,8 10,9 2,4 1,2 9,3 2,7 1,5 6,8 1,3

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Nng u ra (mg/L) Hiu sut x l (%) NO2-N Nng u ra (mg/L) NO3-N Nng u ra (mg/L) Tng Nng u vo (mg/L) nit Nng u ra (mg/L)

0,90 0,43 90,5 6,4 0,86 0,18 12,7 1,9 16,8 5,2 12,3 4,8

0,31 0,35 0,270,21 0,570,32 96,8 4,0 13,1 2,2 15,0 2,7 14,5 2,6 97,4 1,6 91,1 1,1 6,6 2,6 15,0 5,3 10,1 3,0 3,4 0,6 5,8 0,9 5,0 1,1 0,65 0,35 0,520,72 0,160,07

Ghi ch: Cc gi tr trong bng l TB S vi n=22, 11, 11 v 11 ng vi cc ti trng hu c 0,6; 0,8; 1,2 v 1,5 kg-COD/m3/ngy.
Loi NH4-N
100
Nng NO2 -N v NO3-N (mg/L); Hi u sut loi NH4-N (%)

NO2-N ra

NO3-N ra

OLR
1.5 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3
OLR (kg-COD/m /ngy)

80 60 40 20 0 70 75 80 85 90 95

0 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135

Thi gian th nghim (ngy)

Hnh 4. Hiu sut x l NH4-N v nng NO2-N, NO3-N u ra cc ti trng hu c khc nhau.

Cc kt qu thu c cho thy c 4 mc ti trng, hiu sut x l amni u vn cao (trn 90%) v c xu hng gim i ti trng cao 1,5 kg-COD/m3/ngy. iu ng ch l nng NO3-N u ra gim dn, nht l ti trng hu c 1,2 v 1,5 kg-COD/m3/ngy. Hin tng ny cho thy, ti trng hu c tng cao nh hng n qu trnh nitrat ha iu c cc ti liu nghin cu xc nhn trc y [6] [10]. C th gii thch bng s cnh tranh xy gia vi sinh vt (VSV) d dng (xy ha A B cht hu c) v VSV t dng (xy ha amni) trong bn; s cnh tranh Hnh 5. S thay i mu sc ca nc thi trc (A) v sau x l (B) qua b SAFB. cng mnh khi nng xy cng hn

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nh gi kh nng x l nc thi

ch (DO o c trong giai on ny l di 3 mg/L v cng gim dn vo nhng ngy cui ca qu trnh th nghim). Mt khc, khi sinh khi tng n mc no s lm cn tr s phn tn khng kh n su trong cc khong h gia lp bn, dn n to ra nhng vng thiu kh hay k kh cc b v qu trnh kh nitrat c th s xy ra v i ngun cacbon hu c sn c trong nc thi, to thnh kh N2 thot ra khi khng kh. Tuy khng r rt lm, nhng s liu phn tch tng nit u vo v u ra bng 4 c phn no ph hp l do kh nitrat ny. Kt qu x l nc thi ti trng 1,2 kg-COD/m3 /ngy c th c minh ha trc quan qua s thay i mu sc mu nc thi trc v sau khi x l hnh 5. 3.3. S thay i c trng ca bn trong h thng x l Trong qu trnh vn hnh h thng, theo thi gian, bn hot tnh c nhng thay i r rt v c mu sc, khi lng v thnh phn cc VSV do s sinh trng v pht trin ca cc VSV. iu ny c ngha quan trng trong vic nh gi h thng x l v kh nng loi b COD v nit c trong nc thi. S thay i sinh khi ca bn c nh gi qua cc giai on khi ng h thng v lc kt thc th nghim theo SS, kt qu c tm tt bng 5.
Bng 5. Din bin khi lng bn trong qu trnh vn hnh b th nghim

Thi im Thm vo lc khi ng th nghim Ly bn d ra gia th nghim (2 ln) Ly ra lc kt thc th nghim

Khi lng theo SS (g) 12,5 5,2 138

Nh vy, qua 180 ngy chy th nghim, tc sinh bn trong b SAFB l 0,7 g-SS/ngy. Gi tr ny l cao hn so vi trng hp x l nc thi git m gia sc (0,3 g-SS/ngy) [10]. T s liu SS v COD theo di qua 180 ngy vn hnh, c th c tnh khi lng bn to ra trn lng COD gim s l 0,4 g-SS/g-COD. S liu ny cao gn gp i so vi nghin cu trn nc thi l m [10], tuy nhin vn thp hn so vi gi tr tng ng trong qu trnh bn hot tnh thng thng (khong 0,6 g-SS/g-COD). Vic sinh bn t hn chnh l u im ca b phn ng SAFB, nh c s hnh thnh chu i thc n trong lp bn bm trn b mt vt liu. Kt qu quan st v chp nh cc mu bn ly ra t b phn ng qua knh hin vi vi vt knh 40x trnh by hnh 6 cho thy s hin din ca cc VSV bc dinh dng cao hn vi khun nh ng vt nguyn sinh, vi to,... Tuy vy, s pht trin mnh sinh khi ca cc VSV ny trong cc h x l bm dnh, nht l trng hp lc nh git, c th lm tng kh nng gy tc nghn. 4. Kt lun T cc kt qu thu c trn, c th rt ra mt s kt lun sau:

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121

Nc thi t hot ng nui tm s ging v nui tm trn ct c hu ht cc thng s cht lng t tiu chun x thi ct B, QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT, tr nng cht hu c (COD) hi vt qu gi tr quy nh. Tuy nhin, lu lng nc thi trong nui tm trn ct l rt ln, vic thi trc tip vo mi trng xung quanh nh hin nay tim n nguy c nhim nc ngm, nc mt kh cao. Nu cc ngun nc thi ny c s dng ti np vo ao nui hoc thi trc tip vo vc nc l ni sinh sng ca cc ng vt thy sinh, cc thng s vt tiu chun cn x l theo QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT, QCVN 10:1008/BTNMT s gm c SS, COD, cc dng hp cht nit. B phn ng SAFB c kh nng x l tt nc thi nui trng thy sn nc l vi hiu sut loi COD t 73,7% v hiu sut loi NH4-N t 97,4% ti trng 1,2 kgCOD/m3 /ngy, cho COD u ra t yu cu x thi theo ct B, QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT. Hiu sut x l COD gim dn khi ti trng hu c tng, tuy nhin ngay c ti trng 1,5 kg-COD/m3/ngy, a s u ra vn t yu cu theo tiu chun x thi ni trn. Hiu sut x l NH4-N cng gim khi ti trng hu c tng ln. Mc sinh bn trong qu trnh th nghim khong 0,7 g-SS/ngy hay 0,4 g-SS/gCOD b x l. So vi mt qu trnh bn hot tnh bnh thng, hiu sut sinh bn t c thp hn. TI LIU THAM KHO
[1]. Tng cc Thng k, S liu thng k, Website: www.gso.gov.vn (truy cp ngy 20/4/2011). [2]. Claude E. B., Better Management Practices for Marine Shrimp Aquaculture. In Environmental Best Management Practices for Aquaculture, Edited by Craig S. T. and John A. H. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., (2008), 227-260. [3]. Cng ty C phn Trng Sn, K thut qun l h nui tm, Website http://truongsonjsc.com.vn/new.aspx?ID=89 (Truy cp ngy 28/4/2011). [4]. Bi c Thuyt, X l nc thi t cc ao nui tm thm canh: Cc gii php sinh hc v nh hng nghin cu, Website: http://www.ria1.org/uploads/xulynuocthaitucacaonuoitomthamcanh-buidacthuyet.pdf (Truy cp ngy 3/4/2009). [5]. L Vn Ct, Th Hng Nhung, Ng Ngc Ct, Nc nui thy sn: Cht lng v bin php ci thin cht lng, Nxb. Khoa hc v K thut, H Ni, 2006. [6]. Nabizadeh R. and Mesdaghinia A., Behavior of an Aerated Submerged Fixed-Film Reactor (ASFFR) under Simultanous Organic and Ammonium Loading, J. Environ. Qual., 35, (2006), 742 - 748. [7]. Phan Th Hng Ngn, Hunh Th Phc, Phm Khc Liu, Nghin cu thch nghi bn

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nh gi kh nng x l nc thi hot tnh vi mi trng c mui cao nhm p dng x l nc thi nui trng thy sn, Tp ch Khoa hc i hc Hu, 24 (58), (2010), 97-106. [8]. APHA, AWWA, WEF, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th edition, Washington DC, USA, 1999. [9]. Kanda J., Determination of ammonium in seawater based on indophenol raction with o-phenylphenol (OPP), Water Research, 29 (12), (1995), 2746 - 2750. [10]. Trnh Th Giao Chi, Nghin cu x l nc thi l m qua keo t s b bng qu trnh lc sinh hc hiu kh c lp m ngp nc (SAFB), Lun vn Thc s Khoa hc Khoa hc Mi trng v Bo v Mi trng, Trng i hc Khoa hc, i hc Hu, 2008.

STUDY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENTS FROM BRACKISH AQUACULTURE USING A SUBMERED ARERATED FIXED BED REACTOR Phan Thi Hong Ngan, Pham Khac Lieu
College of Sciences, Hue University

Abstract. This paper presents some results from the study of wastewater treatments from brackish shrimp culture using a submerged aerated fixed bed reactor under different organic loading rates. After starting-up the reactor system, adapting it to salinity-increasing medium (from 0 to 15 ) and to real wastewater from shrimp ponds, the treatability of the SAFB at organic loading rates from 0,6 to 1,65 kg-COD/m3/d was investigated. The reactor showed a good treatment peformance of wastewater from tiger prawn and on-sand shrimp ponds. COD and NH4-N removal efficiencies of 73,7% and 97,4% respectively were achieved at loading rates of 1,2 kg-COD/m3/d, giving the effluent COD meeting the discharge standard (column B, QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT). COD treatment efficiency decreased when the organic loading increased, but even at loading rate of 1,5 kg-COD/m3/d, most of effluent COD still met the requirement of the discharge standard. The observed sludge generation rate was quite low, only 0,7 g-SS/d or 0,4 g-SS/g-COD g removed, as a result of the presence of microorganisms at higher trophic levels than bacteria which might create a food chain on the attached sludge layer. Keywords: biofilter, SAFB, shrimp culture wastewater, treatment.