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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM

KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

LI CM N
Theo k hoch ca khoa i thc tp t ngy 17/12/2013 n ngy 3/2/2013.
Em c cng ty TNHH Thng Mi Dch V Tun Pht nhn vo thc tp. Ti
y em c c st mi trng lm vic thc t, c tm hiu them v cc loi
my trong gia cng c kh. Tuy vi mt thi gian ngn nhng em hc hi c
nhiu kinh nghim qu bu lm hnh trang cho cng vic sau ny.
Em xin chn thnh cm n trng v khoa Cng Ngh C Kh cho em c c hi
c thc tp bit thm v mi trng lm vic bn ngoi. V hn ht, em xin cm
n thy DIP BO TR hng dn em trong sut qu trnh thc tp. c p dng
nhng kin thc t cc thy c trong khoa truyn t cho em vn dng vo thc
t. T em tch ly kinh nghim v hiu hn v ngnh mnh ang theo hc.
Em xin gi li cm n n cng ty TNHH Thng Mi Dch V Tun Pht cho
em c c hi thc tp ti cng ty. Cm n ng Kin gim c cng ty cng cc anh k
thut vin tn tnh hng dn, gip , chia s nhng kinh nghim qu bu cho
chng em trong sut thi gian thc tp ti cng ty, to iu kin cho em hc hi, tip
cn vi nhng loi my trong cng ty, cho chng em tip xc vi mi trng lm vic
thc t hon thnh tt k thc tp ny.
Do trnh cn hn ch nn trong qu trnh thc hin bo co khng th trnh khi
nhng thiu st, rt mong thy c thng cm.

Tp. H Ch Minh, ngy 5 thng 2 nm 2013


Sinh vin thc hin

on Vn Thun

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

PHIU NHN XT CA CNG TY

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

NHN XT NH GI CA KHOA C KH
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Tp.HCM, Ngy.thng.nm 2013

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

MC LC
LI CM N .................................................................................................................. 1
PHIU NHN XT CA CNG TY ............................................................................ 2
NHN XT NH GI CA KHOA C KH ............................................................ 3
LI M U .................................................................................................................. 6
CHNG 1 ..................................................................................................................... 7
TNG QUAN V CNG TY THC TP V MT S QUY NH CHUNG CA
CNG TY ........................................................................................................................ 7
1.1.Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin Cng ty TNHH TM DV C Kh Tun Pht. ... 7
1.1.1 Lch s hnh thnh ca cng ty: ....................................................................... 7
1.1.2 S pht trin ca cng ty: ............................................................................... 8
1.2 . c im hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh v s t chc ti cng ty. ............. 9
1.2.1 c im hot ng sn xut kinh doanh. ....................................................... 9
1.2.2 S T Chc. ............................................................................................... 9
CHNG 2 ................................................................................................................... 13
NI DUNG THC TP ............................................................................................... 13
2.1. MC CH V YU CU ................................................................................ 13
-Kho st tm hiu dy truyn sn xut ca nh my, quy m v b tr phn xng,
chng loi cc my cng c, cc sn phm ch to, cc tiu chun p dng trong sn
xut. ............................................................................................................................ 13
-Tm hiu cc nguyn l hot ng , cch vn hnh ca cc my gia cng, ch to chi
tit ca nh my. ......................................................................................................... 13
-Tm hiu quy trnh cng ngh gia cng mt s chi tit in hnh. ........................... 13
-Thc tp ti xng nng cao tay ngh, tham gia ch to mt s chi tit ti nh my.
.................................................................................................................................... 13
2.2. CC PHNG PHP GIA CNG V AN TON LAO NG.................... 13
2.2.1. C ............................................................................................................. 13
2.2.2. K THUT HN ........................................................................................ 18
2.2.3. TIN ............................................................................................................. 24
2.2.4. PHAY............................................................................................................ 34
2.2.5. K THUT KHOAN................................................................................... 38
2.3 GII THIU V SN PHM CA CNG TY ................................................ 39
2.3.1 Gii thiu v h thng phanh:........................................................................ 39
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

2.3.2 Cc h thng phanh thng dng: ................................................................... 41


CHNG 3 ................................................................................................................... 47
QUY TRNH CNG NGH CA CC CHI TIT ..................................................... 47
3.1. Quy trnh cng ngh ca puly: ............................................................................ 47
3.1.1 Chun b: ........................................................................................................ 47
3.1.2 Yu cu k thut: ........................................................................................... 48
3.1.3 Cng thc l thuyt: ...................................................................................... 48
3.1.4 Cc bc thc hin: ....................................................................................... 48
3.2. Quy trnh cng ngh ca np puly: ..................................................................... 55
3.2.1 Chun b: ........................................................................................................ 55
3.2.2. Yu cu k thut: .......................................................................................... 55
3.2.3 Cng thc l thuyt: ...................................................................................... 56
3.2.4. Cc bc thc hin: ...................................................................................... 56
3.3. Quy trnh cng ngh ca cht nh v m phanh: ............................................... 61
3.3.1 Chun b: ........................................................................................................ 61
3.3.2 Yu cu k thut: ........................................................................................... 62
3.3.3 Cng thc l thuyt: ...................................................................................... 62
3.3.4 Cc bc thc hin: ....................................................................................... 62
3.4. Quy trnh cng ngh ca cht nh v np buly: ................................................. 66
3.4.1 Chun b: ........................................................................................................ 66
3.4.2 Yu cu k thut: ........................................................................................... 66
3.4.3 Cng thc l thuyt: ...................................................................................... 67
3.4.4 Cc bc thc hin: ....................................................................................... 67
CHNG 4 ................................................................................................................... 71
NHNG CNG VIC LM V KINH NGHIM THU C TRONG QU
TRNH THC TP TI CNG TY. ........................................................................... 71
4.1 NHNG CNG VIC LM. ....................................................................... 71
4.2 KINH NGHIM THU C. ............................................................................ 71

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

LI M U
Trong thi i cng nghip ho, hin i ho, ngnh cng nghip nng l mt
trong nhng ngnh mi nhn pht trin t nc. Cng ngh ch to my phi tin
phong i u thc y cc ngnh cng nghip khc pht trin. Mun nh vy phi
c i ng k s v cng nhn k thut lnh ngh. Trong nhng nm gn y c kh
c nhng bc nhy vt ng k, c nhiu cng ty c kh ch to a sn phm
ca mnh vn ra khp th gii.
Ngnh c kh ch to my l mt trong nhng ngnh o to ch lc ca nhiu
trng i hc, cao ng v trung hc chuyn nghip trong c nc.
Chng em l nhng ngi tip bc cng vi nhng anh ch i trc tip tc
xy dng nn k thut nuc nh snh ngang cng cc nc trong khu vc v th gii.
Ngay t nhng ngy bc vo ging ng chng em thc c trch nhim ca
bn thn l phi phn u hc tp tht tt. Thi gian ny l c hi m i chng em th
hin kh nng ca ngun lc tng lai c kh nng n u v t c hng i cho
bn thn.
Tp. H Ch Minh, ngy 5 thng 2 nm 2013
Sinh vin thc hin

on Vn Thun

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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

CHNG 1
TNG QUAN V CNG TY THC TP V MT S QUY
NH CHUNG CA CNG TY
1.1.Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin Cng ty TNHH TM DV C Kh Tun
Pht.
1.1.1 Lch s hnh thnh ca cng ty:
Tn cng ty: CNG TY TNHH TM-DV C KH TUN PHT
Tr s chnh: D An- Bnh Dng
a ch : 25/4B QL1K, KP. Tn An, P.Tn ng Hip, TX.D An,T. Bnh Dng
in thoi: (0650) 3 841 080

Fax: (0650) 3 841 081

Ngn hng giao dch 1: STK: 55272569 ti ngn hng ACB.CN Vn Lang, G
Vp, TP HCM.
Ngn hng giao dch 2: STK: 67010000381152 ti ngn hng BIDV. CN ng
Nai
M s thu:

3700876260

Vn iu l:

9.800.000.000 VN

Gim c iu hnh :ng Nguyn Trung Kin


Lnh vc, ngnh ngh kinh doanh:
- Mua bn thit b ph tng cc loi my khai thc .
- Lp t, sa cha, bo dng cc loi my khai thc , ch bin .
- Dch v cho thu xe cn cu.
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

- Gia cng c kh: tin, phay, hn, c, ..


- Sn xut h thng phanh trong cc my cng c.
Loi hnh doanh nghip : Cng ty TNHH hai thnh vin tr ln
Cng ty c thnh lp vo ngy 01 thng 02 nm 2008. Cng ty hot ng theo
giy php kinh doanh s 4602003305.
Vn iu l ca cng ty ti thi im thnh lp ln u c xc nh l:
2.400.000.000 ng.
C cu phn theo s hu c th nh sau:
- Nguyn Trung Kin: 1.320.000.000 chim 55% vn iu l
- Nguyn Tun Phng: 1.080.000.000 chim 45% vn iu l
1.1.2 S pht trin ca cng ty:
n ngy 24 thng 08 nm 2009 thay i li giy php kinh doanh ln th 02.
Giy php kinh doanh s 3700876260.Ngy 24/08/2009 ,vn iu l c xc nh l
9.800.000.000 ng cho n thi im thng 09 /2012 l khng thay i.
Cng ty c vn iu l : 9.8 t. Gm 3 thnh vin gp vn : Nguyn trung Kin
gp vn 61.22%. Lu Hong Long gp vn 19.38%. Nguyn Tun Phng gp vn
19.38%.
C cu phn theo s hu c th nh sau:
Nguyn Trung Kin: 6.000.000.000 chim 61,22% vn iu l.
Nguyn Hong Long: 1.900.000.000 chim 19,38% vn iu l.
Nguyn Tun Phng:1.900.000.000 chim 19,38% vn iul
Quy m v nng lc v lao ng
Cng ty c tng s cn b cng nhn vin l 59 ngi, trong :
- Trnh i hc: 5 ngi
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

- Trnh cao ng: 08 ngi


- Trnh trung cp: 10 ngi
Cn li l cng nhn k thut v cng nhn.

1.2 . c im hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh v s t chc ti cng ty.


1.2.1 c im hot ng sn xut kinh doanh.
Cng ty c quyn t chc mua bn, lp t, gia cng thit b, ph tng cc loi
my khai thc . Sa cha, bo dng cc loi my khai thc ch bin . Lp t cc
my nghin sng , my sng ct, dch v xe cn cu, gia cng c kh.
T chc thu mua cc mt hng trc tip ca cc n v thng qua cc t thng
m bo tt c cc thit b n v cung cp u c cht lng cao,gi c hp l
ph hp vi gi c th trng v c bo hnh theo ng tiu chun ca nh sn xut.
n v m bo c hiu qu t ngun vn kinh doanh ,m bo hon thnh ngha
v np thu Nh Nc, thc hin v chp hnh y cc quy nh Nh Nc v qun
l ti sn, tin vn, vt t, hng ha theo ng quy nh ca Nh Nc trn c s kinh
doanh y hng hp l.
Nhng sn phm chnh ca n v:
Mua bn thit b ph tng cc loi my khai thc .
H thng thng trong my cng c.
Lp t cc loi my nghin , sng , my sng ct
Nhng nguyn liu u vo bao gm: st thp, cone, u nghin ( nhp khu),
mt, dy in, nhng, xch ti, bng ti,
1.2.2 S T Chc.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

GIM C

PH GIM C

PHNG K
THUT

PHNG KINH
DOANH

PHNG K
TON

P.T CHC
HNH
CHNH

Chc nng nhim v ca cc b phn


* Ban gim c: Gm Gim c v ph Gim c.
* Gim c:l ngi chu trch nhim iu hnh, qun l v chu trch nhim trc tip
mi hot ng kinh doanh hng ngy ca cng ty theo mc tiu ra .Ch o
phng ban, b phn thc hin ng chc nng, nhim v v quyn hn c giao.V l
ngi chu trch nhim trc php lut Nh Nc.
* Ph gim c:l ngi h tr cho Gim c trong vic iu hnh v gim st hot
ng ti cng ty, c Gim c y quyn mt s vn thuc quyn hn ca Gim
c.
Tham mu cho Gim c trong nhng vn quyn hn trong cng ty.
B phn mua hng v cung ng dch v:
L b phn mua v nhn hng t bn ngi bn .

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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

L b phn x l hng ha tha hoc thiu .


L b phn cung cp cc dch v cho thu nhm to mi iu kin tt nht cho
khch hng.
* B phn k thut:
- T chc v qun l thc hin cng tc k thut
- Lp k hoch thc hin nhanh chng.
- Gim st n c thi cng, an ton lao ng cc cng trnh.
- Tng cng cng tc nghin cu chuyn su v khoa hc k thut nhm t n
trnh cao nht, xy dng cc quy ch ca cng ty.
- Bi dng hng dn o to cn b k thut.
* B phn k ton :
- T chc qun l vic s dng vn v cc qu ca cng ty phc v cho nhu cu
kinh doanh theo nguyn tc bo tn v sinh li.
- T ch hch ton k ton, kim ton theo quy nh ca nh nc.
- Thu hi tin n ca cc n v v c nhn, thanh ton chi tr cc ch cho cn
b cng nhn vin khi c Gim c ph duyt. Tnh lng cho cn b cng nhn
vin theo bng chm cng v hp ng khon gn pht lng cho cn b cng nhn
vin ng nh k theo quy nh.
- Chu trch nhim trc php lut Nh Nc v tnh st thc cc s liu bo co
ca cng ty.
- Ch tr vic kim k, nh gi ti sn hng nm theo quy nh.
- Thc hin ngha v np thu v cc khon np ngn sch Nh Nc theo quy
nh ca php lut.
- Thc hin y cng tc kim k, kim ton, bo co nh k theo quy nh.
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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

* B phn qun l hnh chnh :


- C chc nng t chc v qun l nhn s trong ni b cng ty c nhim v tuyn
dng nhn s p ng nhu cu pht trin ca cng ty, theo di ch tin lng, khen
thng k lut .
- C nhim v gii quyt cng vn n v cng vn i hoc th t giao dch .
- Qun l c s vt cht k thut phc v nhu cu i sng.
Mt s hnh nh v my mc thit b m cng ty lp t, mua bn:

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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

CHNG 2
NI DUNG THC TP
2.1. MC CH V YU CU
-Kho st tm hiu dy truyn sn xut ca nh my, quy m v b tr phn xng,
chng loi cc my cng c, cc sn phm ch to, cc tiu chun p dng trong sn
xut.
-Tm hiu cc nguyn l hot ng , cch vn hnh ca cc my gia cng, ch to
chi tit ca nh my.
-Tm hiu quy trnh cng ngh gia cng mt s chi tit in hnh.
-Thc tp ti xng nng cao tay ngh, tham gia ch to mt s chi tit ti nh my.

2.2. CC PHNG PHP GIA CNG V AN TON LAO NG


2.2.1. C
c l mt phng php ch to sn phm bng cch rt kim loi lng vo
khun c c hnh dng v kch thc nht nh. Sau khi kim loi ng c li, ta
thu c sn phm c kch thc v hnh dng ph hp vi yu cu ra. Sn
phm c ra c th dng ngay c th gi l chi tit c. Phn ln vt c cn
phi qua gia cng ct gt nhm tng chnh xc v bng b mt.
Sn phm c l phng php ch to sn phm kim loi rt ph bin. C th
tin hnh c trong khun ct, c trong khun kim loi, c di p lc, hin nay
c mt s phng php c c bit cho cht lng cao, c bit v chnh xc
v bng b mt nh c dng mu chy v.v. ..K thut c ngy cng c ci
tin nhm tng nng sut v nng cao cht lng sn phm.
2.2.1.1. c im v cng dng ca c
- c im:
+ c c th gia cng nhiu loi vt liu khc nhau: Thp, gang, hp kim mu
v.v... c khi lng t mt vi gam n hng trm tn.
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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

+ Ch to c nhng vt c c hnh dng, kt cu phc tp nh thn my


cng c, v ng c v.v... m cc phng php kh hkn khng ch to c.
+ chnh xc v hnh dng, kch thc v bng khng cao (c th t cao
nu c c bit nh c p lc)
+ C th c c nhiu lp kim loi khc nhau trong cng mt vt c.
+ Gi thnh ch to vt c r v vn u t t, tnh cht sn xut linh hot,
nng sut tng i cao.
+ C kh nng c kh ha v t ng ha.
+ Tn kim loi cho h thng rt, u ngt. u hi.
+ D gy ra nhng khuyt tt nh: thit ht, r kh, chy ct v.v..
+ Kim tra khuyt tt bn trong vt c kh khn, i hi thit b hin i.
-Cng dng:
+ Sn xut c c pht trin rt mnh v c s dng rt rng ri trong cc
ngnh cng nghip. Khi lng vt c trung bnh chim khang 4080 % tng
khi lng ca my mc.Trong ngnh c kh khi lng vt c chim n 90%
m gi thnh ch chim 20 25 %.
Sau y l mt s cng ngh c cng ty s dng, c bit l c mu chy:
2.2.1.2. c trong khun ct
Khun ct vn gi mt vai tr quan trng trong ngnh c, c trong khun
ct l mt phng php to hnh lu i, nhng cho ti nay vn cn chim mt v
tr quan trng trong k ngh c : 90% sn lng vt c ca th gii sn xut
bng khun ct, phn cn li do khun kim loi v cc dng c c bit khc .
Khun ct c dng nhiu v d ch to, r, vn u t t. Hn na khun
ct li rt vn nng, c th dng c vt nh t 10 gam cho ti vt ln c khi
lng hng trm tn, c th dng c bt k hp kim no nh : thp , gan cu ,
gang sm , gang sm , ng thao , ng thanh , hp kim niken , hp kim nhm ,
mag .v .v .v .
*Quy trnh sn xut c trong khun ct c th c tm tt nh sau :
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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

- B phn k thut cn c theo bn v chi tit, lp ra bn v vt c, trong


c mt phn khun, li, dc c, lng d gia cng c kh, dung sai, co
nht ca kim loi khi ng c
- B mu l mt s cc mu khc nhau nh : tm mu, mu h thng rt,
u ngt. Trong mu c v li l hai b phn ch yu. Mu c dng ch
to lng khun c trong h n hp lm khun, hp li dng lm li nu c.
Mu, hp li thng do xng mc sn xut .
- Khun, mu, hp li thng lm thnh hai na lp li vi nhau bng cc
cht nh v.
- Khun c v li thng phi sy kh tng c tnh v kh nng thng
kh .
- B phn nu chy kim loi phi phi hp nhp nhng vi qu trnh lm
khun . Lp rp khun tin hnh rt kim loi lng vo cho kp lc .
- Sau khi kim loi ng c, vt c c hnh thnh trong khun, tin
hnh ph li, kim tra vt c bng th cng hoc bng my .

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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

- Kim tra li khu cui cng, gm kim tra hnh dng v kch thc, cht
lng bn trong vt c.
Ngi ta c quan nim rng c bng khun ct c nng sut khng cao,
sn phm c km chnh xc, mun c chnh xc cao hn phi qua gia cng c
kh li . iu ng i vi khun ct, t xt, do thng thng c lm bng
tay. Trong nhng nm gn y nh s dng cc h n hp ct c thnh phn v tnh
cht mi, nh y mnh c kh ha, t ng ha trong sn xut c nn nng sut
c c tng ln r rt, cht lng c cng c ci thin rt nhiu, chnh
xc cao hn. c trong khun ct c lm trn my nht l nhng my p p lc
cao chim u th rt nhiu, c th cnh tranh vi mt s phng php c c
bit v chnh xc v nhn b mt ca sn phm c. C th ni rng cho
n ngy nay khun ct vn chim gi mt giai tr quan trng trong ngnh sn
xut c .

T l cc cng ngh khun trong sn xut c


1/ Khun ct ti ; 2/ Khun ct kh ; 3/ Khun ct t rn ;
4/ Khun kim loi ; 5/ Khun c c bit khc.
2.2.1.3. c bng khun dng mu chy (mu ho hi)
Cch c ny do H.F. Shroyer pht minh ra nm 1958 v c dng vo cng
nghip t 1962. Mu lm bng nha polystirn xp (nha trng nh, ta thng thy
dng lm cc tm m lt my khi ng hm) d chy. t mu trong hm, ct vo
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TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

(c th dng ct khng cht dnh), rung, y cht. Rt kim loi ti u mu chy bin
i ti , hi sinh ra qua khe ct thot ra ngoi. Vt c ng ri, ct ra dng li
c.
u im ca phng php l mu nh, r, d ct gt, khng cn ly ra khi
khun, ch dng mt ln do tn cng ch to mu : vi mu ln c th ct bng
dy in tr nung ri dn, vi mu nh sn xut hng lot trn my p nhit
200 350 C.
Mu c th em lm khun dng h n hp ct t kh, ct chy lng hoc
khun t. Trong khun ct st thng thng ngi ta ch hay dng polystirn lm
mu u ngt kn hnh cu c th t trong khun khng cn ly ra.
Gn y ngi ta dng polyurthan xp thay cho polystirn c th ch to
d dng trong khun g , thch cao hoc kim loi .
Thc t c trong khun mu chy cha c coi l phng php c
chnh xc v mu to kh lm mt vt c cha tht p. Song phng php c
ny vn pht trin, c nhiu nc dng, c nhng vt ln ti 20 tn .
2.2.1.4. Quy trnh c mu chy trong khun v mng
Quy trnh sn xut c chi tit insert c thc hin theo th t qua cc
nguyn cng nh sau :
- Nguyn cng th 1 : To mu sp .
- Nguyn cng th 2 : X l v lm sch mu sp .
- Nguyn cng th 3 : Rp nhnh cy .
- Nguyn cng th 4 :To lp v mng (nhng qua dung dch v ph ct)
- Nguyn cng th 5 : Ly sp ra to lng khun .
- Nguyn cng th 6 : Nu rt kim loi .
- Nguyn cng th 7 : X l v hon thin sn phm .
Tm tt trnh t c trong khun v mng nh sau:

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

17

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH
-

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Ghp mu vo tm mu: dng mu bng kim loi kp cht trn tm thp


hoc gang xm. Lm sch mu v tm mu ri phung ln trn mt lp
Silicol.

Ghp cc mu thnh nhnh cy

To khun cho mu bng cc h n hp ct chu nhit

Ly mu bng cch em sy nhit 1600 C khong 5 pht, p sut 7 at.

- Cui cng em rt kim loi vo khun thu nhn vt c.


2.2.2. K THUT HN
2.2.2.1. Thc cht v c im
a. Thc cht
Hn l phng php ghp ni 2 hay nhiu chi tit bng kim loi li vi
nhau m khng th tho ri, bng cch nung kim loi n trng thi chy hoc
do sau nh s ngui v ng c to nn mi hn lin kt kim loi hoc
dung p lc ln.
b. c im
-Tit kim c kim loi so vi tn rive t 10-20%,so vi phng php
c t 30-50%.
-C th to c cc kt cu nh c kh nng chu lc cao.
-C th hn 2 hay nhiu kim loi c tnh cht khc nhau.
- bn v st kn ca mi hn ln.
-Trong vt hn cn tn ti ng sut d ln, kh nng chu ti trng
ng thp (tuy nhin kt cu mi hn kh tt khi chu ti trng tnh).
2.2.2.2. Cc phng php hn: phn theo hai nhm c bn
-Hn nng chy: kim loi mp hn c nung n trng thi nng chy
kt hp vi kim loi b sung t ngoi vo in y khe h gia hai chi tit
hn, sau ngui v ng c to nn mi hn. nhm hn ny gm: hn
h quang, hn kh, hn in x, hn plasma, hn bng tia laze, hn bng tia
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

18

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

in t.
-Hn p lc: khi hn bng p lc kim loi vng mp hn c nung n
trng thi do, sau dng mt p lc to mi lin kt kim loi. Nhm
hn ny gm: hn in tip xc, hn masat, hn n, hn siu m, hn cao tn,
hn khuch tn
2.2.2.3. Hn h quang
a. Thc cht: l phng php hn nng chy s dng nhit ca ngn la
h quang sinh ra gia cc in cc hn, v thc cht h quang hn l
dong chuyn di ca cc in t v ion trong mi trng kh gia hai in
cc hn, n km theo s pht nhit ln v pht sng mnh.
b. Phn loi
-Theo dng in
+Dng in hn xoay chiu : cht lng mi hn khng tt v cng
dng in khng n nh.
+ Dng in hn mt chiu: cht lng mi hn tt hn, d gy h
quang, d hn, cng dng in n nh, xong t c s dng v gi
thnh t.
-Theo in cc hn
+in cc hn khng nng chy: c ch to t vt liu c nhit
nng chy cao nh graphit, vonfram n g k n h q u e h n d= 1 : 5 mm
i vi que hn vonfram v d = 6 : 12 mm i vi que hn grafit, chiu di
que hn thng l 250 mm, u vt cn.

+in cc hn nng chy(que hn): c ch to t kim loi hoc hp


GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

19

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

kim c cng thnh phn vi tahnh phn kim loi vt hn. Cu to:

Lp thuc bc que hn c ch to t h n hp dng bt gm nhiu


loi vt liu kim loi trn u vi cht kt dnh bc ngoi li c chiu dy
t 1-2 m m .
Tc dng ca lp thuc bc que hn:
- Tng kh nng ion ha d gy h quang v duy tr h quang n nh,
thng thng a vo thuc bc hp cht kim loi kim. Bo v mi hn
trnh s oxi ha hoc ha tan khi vo mi trng. To phu hng kim loi
vo vng hn, to x lng v u che ph mi hn lm gim tc ngui
mi hn trnh nt.
- Kh oxi trong qu trnh hn ngi ta a vo thnh phn thuc bc
cc phero hp kim hoc kim loi sch c i lc mnh vi oxi, c kh nng
to oxit d tch khi kim loi lng.
2.2.2.4. Cc loi my hn
a. Cc loi my bin p hn xoay chiu:
-My hn xoay chiu iu chnh cng dng in bng li t di ng.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

20

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Nguyn l: Theo s nguyn l trn y l loi my hn iu chnh


cng dng in bng li t di ng. My hn kiu ny c mt li t di
ng A nm trong gong t B ca my bin p. Khi li t A nm hon ton
trong gng t B th t thng do cun th cp sinh ra c mt phn r nhnh
qua li t lm cho t thng qua cun th cp gim in p trn cun
th cp gim. Khi li t dch ra ngoi theo phng vung gc vi mt phng
ca gng t B, khe h gia li t v gng t tng ln, t thng r nhnh gim
lm cho t thng qua cun th cp tng ln in p trn cun th cp
tng.
My hn c li t di ng c kt cu gn, iu chnh dng din hn v
cp, khong iu chnh rng do hin nay c s dng nhiu:
-My hn xoay chiu iu chnh cng dng in hn bng thay i
s vng dy cun th cp:

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

21

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Phn bit cun s cp- th cp: + ngun vo


+ tit din dy
Nguyn l: dng kha K thay i s vng dy I tng bng cch gim s
vng dy cun th cp,I gim bng cch tng s vng dy cun th cp.
b. Cc loi my hn mt chiu:
-My hn chnh lu ba pha
S nguyn l:

My hn dung dng in chnh lu c h quang chy n nh


hn my hn xoay chiu, phm vi iu chnh dng in hn rng h s
cng sut hu ch cao,cng sut khng ti nh,kt cu n gin hn.
-My hn bn t ng hn trong mi trng kh ba v CO2.

Cu to:
+ My bin p hn chnh lu: SVI 300i
+ C cu cp li dy hn t ng Mig2F
Bnh cha kh CO2: trn bnh cha c lp lu lng k iu
chnh lu lng kh t trong bnh cha ra v lm n nh p sut kh
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

22

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

trong qu trnh lm vic.


+ M hn: c lp vi c cu cp li dy hn t ng. Nhim v m
hn dung dn dy hn v kh trong qu trnh hn.
u im: hn mi hn y lien tc khng b ngt qung, cht lng
mi hn tt v cng dng in n nh, b mt mi hn sch.
2.2.2.5. Hn v ct kim loi bng kh O2 v C2H2
a. Thc cht v c im:
Hn v ct bng kh l phng php hn nng chy s dng nhit ca
ngn la sinh ra khi t kh chy chy trong dng kh oxi k thut, thng
thng nht l hn v ct bng kh O2 v C2H2.
Hn v ct bng kh c c im : hn c cc vt hn mng,
hn c hai hay nhiu kim loi c tnh cht khc nhau v d nh hn
gang, ng, nhm.
Nhc im: - Nng sut hn thp
- Cht lng mi hn khng tt, do b nh hng nhit
vt hn b co rt, cong vnh nhiu hn so vi hn h quang.

b. Thit b hn v ct kim loi bng kh O2 v C2H2 ( trm hn v


ct kim loi bng kh O2 v C2H2)
-Bnh cha kh O2: ch to bng thp tm, chiu dy: 7mm , bng
phng php dp hoc hn c Dngoi=219mm, chiu cao H= 1390mm,
c dung tch cha 40 lt, Plm vic=150 at. nhn bit bnh cha kh
oxi sn mu xanh hoc xanh da tri
-Bnh cha kh C2H2: c ch to bng thp tm, chiu dy 7mm,
bng phng php dp hoc hn, c Dngoi=400mm, H=800mm, Plm
vic<19 at, dung tch cha 40 lt, c bit xung quanh than bnh v y
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

23

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

bnh c bc lp xp thng la than hot tnh c tm axtn mc ch


chng n bnh.
-Bnh iu ch kh C2H2
Plv<1,5at
P chu ng bnh=1,3at
Sn lng sinh kh 2000 lt kh /1h
thng sn phn bit mu trng hoc mu vng
-Van gim p: c lp bnh cha kh oxi va kh axtylen, l dng
c dung gim p sut kh t trong bnh cha xung p sut lm vic
cn thit v t ng duy tr p sut n mc n nh (i vi O2:
Pbnh cha=150at,

Plv=3-4at; i vi C2H2:

P bnh cha=15-16at,

Plv=1-1,5at
-Dy dn: l dng c dn kh t bnh cha ,bnh iu cha kh n m
hn, m ct Yu cu chung: chu c p sut 10at i vi dy dn kh
oxi, v 3at i vi dy dn kh axtylen, mm cn thit nhng
khng b gp, dy dn kh c ch to vi lt su c ba loi kch thc
sau:
+Dtr =5,5mm, Dng khng quy nh
+Dtr=9,5mm, Dng=17,5mm
+D tr=13mm, Dng=22mm
Dy dn kh oxi mu xanh, axtylen mu
-M hn v m ct: l dng c dung ha trn kh chy v oxi
to thnh hn hp chy c thnh phn thch hp nhn c ngn la
hn v ct theo yu cu.
2.2.3. TIN
2.2.3.1. Khi nim
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

24

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Tin l mt qu trnh ct gt kim loi trong vt gia cng quay trn cn


dao tnh tin theo cc hng do bn xe dao i. Trong qu trnh to ra momen
ct v trc ct.
2.2.3.2. Nguyn l
Chi tit quay trn ti mt ch cn dao thc hin chuyn ng tnh tin
ct gt.
1- Mm cp: l g dng kp cht chi tit
2- Chi tit gia cng
3- Dao tin c kp cht trn bn g dao
4- Bn g dao
5- Mt chi tit ang gia cng
6- n, s, t: Hp li gi l ch ct gt
+n: Tc quay ca mm cp hay tc quay ca trc chnh (vng/pht )
+s: Hng v lng dch chnh ca dao tin khi my quay mt vng c
tnh(mm/vng)
+t: chiu su ct l lp kim loi ht b i trong mt ln ct
2.2.3.3. Cc sn phm:
1- Ren ngoi hoc ren trong
2- Mt phng
3- Tin rnh
4- Tin cn
5- Tin mt bc
6- Mt u
7- Mt lm
Ngoi ra trn my tin cn c th khoan, khot, hoc doa l.
2.2.3.4. Ni quy an ton khi tin
1. Phi mc qun o bo h gn gng, i giy, cng nhn n phi buc tc gn
gng.
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

25

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

2. Kim tra my ch khng ti.


3. Sp xp li ch lm vic, kim tra dng c g lp, dng c o, chi tit kp.
4. Chi tit gia cng c khi lng ln hn 20kg phi c c cu nng h.
5. Khng eo gng tay hoc bao tay khi lm vic.
6. G dao chc chn, s dng ming m khi g dao.
7. Kp cht phi cn thn, khng cha kha mm cp trn mm cp sau khi
tho lp phi.
8. Sau khi kp cht phi khng cho chu kp nh ra khi ng knh ngoi ca
mm cp 1/3 chiu di chu, khi chu kp nh ra qu phi thay chu kp(
nu chu kp thun phi thay bng chu kp nghch).
9. Khi gia cng vt liu do c phoi dy th phi dng c cu b phoi, dng
mc phoi chuyn dng, trnh phoi qun vo chi tit gia cng.
10. Khi gia cng vt liu gin phi dng tm chn bo v trong sut hoc phi
eo knh bo h.
11. Khng c ri khi v tr lm vic khi my ang chy.
12. Dng my, iu chnh cnh gt v v tr an ton, qut dn sch phoi, dng r
sch lau sch cc dng c o, dng c ct v gn vo v tr quy nh, sp
xp gn gng cc chi tit gia cng.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

26

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

2.2.3.5. Cu to my tin

u my: lm nhim v mang trc chnh, u trc chnh lp mm cp ,


tc quay ca my c tnh bng tc quay trc chnh.

my: Dng thn my v u my, gm 2 phn:

ln: cha hp tc v ng c.

Thn my: mt trn ca thn my c lp cc sng trt v mt trt


lm nhim v dn hng cho bn xe dao v ng. Hng l song song
vi tm trc chnh, chiu di chi tit c th gia cng c ph thuc vo
chiu di thn my.

nh cha cc b phn v in.

Hp tc chy dao: C cc tay gt iu khin tc tin dao khi chy


dao t ng tin trn hay tin ren.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

27

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Bn xe dao: C cc tay qoay iu khin tnh tin ca dao tin quay theo
cc hng khc nhau.

ng: c s dng lp mi chng tm cc chi tit khi tin


ngoi i vi trc di hoc ng di.

2.2.3.6. Nguyn l hot ng ca my tin


T ng c truyn chuyn ng qua hp tc . Ti hp tc c 2 tay gt
iu khin tc quay cho ra nhiu tc quay khc nhau, sau truyn
chuyn ng cho trc chnh thng qua b truyn ai lm quay trc chnh. Ta
c chuyn ng chnh ca my l chuyn ng quay. T trc chnh nh c b
bnh rng n khp, truyn chuyn ng xung hp tc chy dao thng qua
b bnh rng thay th v c iu khin bng cc tay gt hp tc chy
dao lm quay trc vt me khi tin ren v trc trn khi tin trn. Trn bn xe dao
c cc tay gt iu khin hng tnh tin ca dao tin.
1.Cha b phn v in gm in khi ng, bm nc lm ngui, n chiu
sng.
2. Tay gt khi ng my c 3 v tr v tr gia: tt my ko ln: my quay
thun (ngc chiu vi chiu kim ng h).
3. Tay gt iu khin tc quay.
Tay gt ngn: 2 v tr.
Tay gt di: 3 v tr.
Khi cn tm tc th tra vo bng tc quay v gt tay gt v pha .
4. Tay gt iu chnh hng tin dao khi my quay mt chiu.
5. Tay gt iu chnh tc quay c 3 v tr
A: quay gin tip
B: quay trc tip
V tr gia: l v tr an ton khi g lp phi.
Tc cn tm nm hang no trong bng tc quay th ta gt v pha
.
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

28

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

6. Da vo tc hp chnh dao
7. Tay gt iu chnh hp tc chy dao c 5 vu tr ng vi mt v tr ca
tay gt 7 th tay gt 8 c 5 v tr.
9. Nm iu khin trc trn hoc trc vitme quay c hai v tr:
+ Ko ra trc trn qua tin trn.
+ Nhn vo trc vitme quay dung tin ren.
10. Tay quay v du xch bn xe dao: tay quay iu khin hng tnh
tin ca dao, hng l song song vi tm, du xch c gi tr 1vach = 1mm
c chia lm 200 vch. Cng dng du xch: tnh im u hoc chiu
di chi tit i vi trc di hoc ng di.
11. Tay quay v du xch bn dao ngang: khi s dng tay quay v du xch
bn dao ngang dao tin s tnh tin vung gc vi tm, du xch c gi tr 1
vch = 0.05mm, 80 vch. Cng dng ca du xch: dung tnh chiu su ct
khi tin ngoi hoc tin l .
12. Tay quay v du xch bn trt dc trn: bn trt dc trn c th xoay
theo cc hng khc nhau, du xch c gi tr 1 vch = 0.05mm, 60 vch.
Cng dng du xch: tnh im su ct khi tin mt u.
13. Tay gt iu khin tin trn dc t ng
14. Tay gt iu khin tin trn ngang t ng
15. Tay gt iu khin tin ren
2.2.3.7. Cc g thng dng
a. Mm cp 3 chu t nh tm: c lp u trc chnh thng c s
dng g lp chi tit c dng hnh tr hoc 3 cnh i xng i vi tm
gia cng. M i mm cp c 2 b chu, m i b chu c 3 ci.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

29

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

-Cch s dng: dung c l mm xoay mt trong 3 l v ngoi c 3


chu cng ng thi kp li hoc m ra ( tnh t nh tm)
-u im: g kp chi tit gia cng nhanh, t c ng tm cao
-Nhc im: khng g kp c nhng chi tit c dng hnh vung,
hnh ch nht, nhng hnh phc tp khc.
b. Mm cp b chu vn nng: thng c s dng g kp nhng chi tit c
dng hnh vung, dng hnh ch nht, hay hnh phc tp.

-u im: g kp c tt c nhng chi tit


-Nhc im: c 4 chu kp tng chu kp c vit iu chnh ring, cc
chu kp c th xoay theo cc hng khc nhau, v khng c tnh t nh
tm nn tn nhiu thi gian g kp cc chi tit gia cng
c. Gi ng: c gn c nh trn bn xe dao di chuyn dc theo bng
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

30

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

my cng vi dao tin.


Cng dng: chi tit gia cng khi tin ngoi i vi trc di c
ng knh nh v c chng tm mt u.
d. Gi tnh: c gn c nh trn than my dng chi tit gia
cng khi tin mt u hoc tin l,nhng trc di hoc ng di v tr ct xa
v tr kp.
Cch g lp phi c bn:
-

Kp chi tit bng mm cp 3 chu hoc 4 chu khi chiu di nh hn 6

ln ng knh chi tit.


- Kp chi tit bng mm cp 3 chu hoc 4 chu v s dng mi chng tm.
- Kp chi tit bng mm cp 3 chu hoc 4 chu c s dng gi ng.
- Kp chi tit bng mm cp 3 chu hoc 4 chu c s dng gi tnh.
2.2.3.8. Dao tin
Dao tin quyt nh rt ln n b mt chi tit gia cng, n nng sut
lao ng.

a. Yu cu i vi vt liu lm dao tin:


+ cng cao: do tnh cht ca vt liu khng ng nht nh gang, thp,
ng,
nhm l nhng vt liu c cng cao v vy yu cu i vi vt liu
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

31

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

lm dao phi cng hn vt liu gia cng.


+ chu nhit cao: trong qu trnh ct do ma st gia dao va chi tit gia
cng di tc dng ca lc ct, khi ct gt tc cao to nn nhit ln
vt liu lm dao phi chu c nhit .
+ chu mi mn: do ma st gia dao v chi tit gia cng kt hp vi
nhit
cao lm dao chng mn v vy vt liu lm dao phi chu c nhit
.
+ Tnh chu va p: va p sinh ra do qu trnh ct khng lin tc hoc do
tnh khng ng nht ca vt liu. Vt liu lm dao phi chu c va
p nht nh.
b. Cu to dao tin: gm 2 phn
-Phn thn: c lm bng tit din hnh vung, c s dng kp trn
bn g dao
-Phn li ct: c lm hoc gn vi vt liu lm dao, trc tip tham
gia vo ct gt v c cc mt v cc ng.
c. Cc loi vt liu lm dao thng dng:
-Thp gi: P9-18 c nhit khong 650 0C, cng 65HRC, thun tin
dung cho gia cng tc thp.
-Hp kim cng: chia lm hai nhm:
+Nhm 1: BK6, BK8 c nhit khong 1000 0C, cng 75 HRC
thng s dng tin gang.
+Nhm 2: T5K10, T15K6 c cng ln hn 85HRC, c nhit
ln hn 10000C thng c s dng tin thp, cc kimloi mu.
Ngoi hai vt liu trn ngi ta cn s dng kim cng nhn to, gm s,
thp cacbon dng c.
2.2.3.9. Trnh t cc bc khi gia cng:
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

32

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

1. c v tm hiu bn v nm bt yu cu k thut
2. La chn my, dao, dng c o thch hp
3. Thc hin thao tc g lp phi trn my
4. Chn ch ct gt thch hp
5. Trnh t thao tc thc hin trn my.
+) Bc 1 : Ko tay gt hp tc pha di hp my v pha mnh sau
quay tay vn n v tr tc cn t ( tc c ghi trn hp tc )
sau y tay gt sao cho hai m ca hp tc kht vi nhau . Sau khi
a tay gt n c v tr tc cn t ta s thy trn hp tc c hai
tc c ghi cng nhau , y l hai di tc ca my ( di tc cao v
thp ) ta s dng tay gt trn hp xe dao bc tin chn dai tc .
+) Bc 2 : gt tay gt chn di tc sang hai bn chn di tc (ty
tng loi my c k hiu l A, B hay I, II) v cng ty tng loi my
m v tr 0 (v tr ngng quay trc chnh) gia hoc di cng hai bn
tay gt. V tr 0 ny c s dng khi dng my an ton o sn phm
trong qu trnh tin .
Nu khng chn ch tin t ng sau khi ci t song n y c th
g phi v cho my chy gia cng. Nu chn ch gia cng t ng
th thm bc ci t ch tin t ng.
+) Bc 3 : ci t ch tin t ng (ch dng trong tin tinh)
- Ci t bc tin cho bn dao (dc v ngang): trc tin tra bng trn
thn my tm cc thng s iu chnh , sau khi tm song th iu chnh hai
tay gt pha di tay gt iu chnh di tc n v tr tra c trn
bng.
- Tip theo iu chnh tay gt bn cnh tay gt iu chnh di tc
iu chnh hng tin t ng ca bn dao (dc v ngang).
+) Bc 4 : sau khi ci t song ch tin t ng tin t ng ta gt
tay gt cnh tay quay bn dao dc ( chn t ng dch chuyn bn dao
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

33

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

dc), gt tay gt tip theo ( chn dch chuyn t ng bn dao ngang) ln


trn tin t ng .
+) Bc 5 : sau khi cc bc ci t song ta tin hnh g phi.
+) Bc 6 : nu khng s dng ch tin t ng th ta quay cc tay quay
bn dao dc , tay quay bn dao ngang , tay quay bn dao dc con dch
chuyn cc bn dao ra xa , vo gn phi hoc mm cp to chuyn ng
ct gt .
+) Bc 7 : khi cc bc trn hon thnh ta gt tay gt in cho
my chy v gia cng.
+) Bc 8 : sau khi gia cng song gt tay gt in tt my v
khi my dng hn gt tay gt iu chnh di tc v 0.
2.2.4. PHAY
2.2.4.1. Khi nim
Phay l mt hnh thc ct gt trong dao thc hin chuyn ng trn to
ra tc ct cn chi tit thc hin chuyn ng tnh tin theo cc phng dc,
phng ngang, phng ng thc hin vic ct gt kim loi
2.2.4.2. K hiu: TCVN
P82: - P: my phay
-8: nhm my phay ngang
- 2: c bn phay s 2
P12: -P: my phay
-1: nhm my phay ng
-2: c bn phay s 2
Sau k hiu c them A, B, C, D, E ch my ny ci tin.
2.2.4.3. Phm vi s dng:
My phay gia cng c cc sn phm chi tit sau:
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

34

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

1- Gia cng phay mt phng, mt bc


2- Phay rnh hoc ct t
3- Phay rnh ch T
4- Gia cng mt gc lm
5- Gia cng mt gc li
6- Gia cng rnh then
7- Phay rnh rng bnh rng: bnh rng tr thng, bnh rng tr
nghing xon, bnh rng cn, trc vt.
8- M mang cng ngh: chng ta c th khoan, khot, doa l .
2.2.4.4. Nguyn l hot ng

Hnh dng bn ngoi ca my phay vn


nng
My phay s dng hai ng c:
ng c 1 : truyn chuyn ng quay cho trc chnh thng qua hp tc
quay ca trc chnh.T ng c n hp tc bao gi cng c khp ni.
ng c 2 : truyn chuyn ng quay cho cc bnh rng trong hp tc
bn phay v bin chuyn ng quay thnh chuyn ng tnh tin ca
bn phay theo cc phng dc, ng, ngang nh c cu vt me v ai c
bn phay

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

35

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

2.2.4.5. Phng php gia cng trn my phay


Phay thun: khi chiu quay ca dao cng chiu vi chiu tnh tin ca
chi tit. Trong qu trnh ct gt dao bt u ct vo chi tit t tit din dy
n mng (t amax n amin) lm cho chi tit c xu hng b p cht
xung bn my nn sinh ra rung ng nhng phng php ny cho cng
cao v dng gia cng tinh.
Phay nghch: khi chiu quay ca dao ngc chiu vi chiu rnh tin
ca chi tit. trong qu trnh ct gt dao ct bt u ct chi tit t tit din
mng n tit din dy (t amin n amax) lm cho chi tit c xu hng
thot ra khi bn my nn bn my chy m, nhng phng php ny cho
bong khng cao v thng dung gia cng th.
a. Dao
Dao phay tr: dung phay mt phng
Dao phay ct: (1,2,3 li ct) dng phay ct t hoc phay rnh
Dao phay gc: dung phay cc mt gc 30o, 45o, 60o
Dao phay a mun: dung phay rnh rng ca bnh rng
Dao phay ngn: + ui tr: phay rnh then
+ui cn: phay mt bc
+ch T: gi cng rnh ch T
b. Cch g dao:
+ i vi nhng loi dao phay nh: dao phay mun, dao phay ct,
dao phay tr, dao phay gc u c l th ta chon mt trc g sao cho ng
knh tr ph hp vi ng knh l ca dao; dao c th thay i v tr trn
trc g dao nh cc ng m, bc m v c c nh v tr nh ai ng
u trc. Mt u trc g c cn th c g trc tip vo trc chnh v c
c nh vi trc chnh nh trc rt, u kia ca trc trc g th c g vo
trong gi , mc ch l lm cho trc chnh c thng bng.
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

36

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

+ i vi dao phay ngn ui cn th c g trc tip vo trong trc


chnh qua trung gian vo cn v c c nh lin vi trc chnh nh trc rt
+ Cn dao phay ngn ui tr th c g vo trong bn kp.
c. G chi tit:
Thng thng t khi ngi ta g chi tit trc tip trn bn phay m
phi g qua cc g v nhng loi g ny c ch to rt chnh xc
v ng tm, vung gc, song song, v d:
- Khi V: g chi tit c dng tr, cu
- t: g chi tit c dng khi ch nht, vung.
- Mm chia xoay trn 360o: g chi tit gia cng nhng rnh cung
trn v chia .
- Trc g chi tit dng g chi tit c l phi hoc chi tit bnh
rng.
2.2.4.6. u phn
a. Cng dng: u chia dung chia u cc khong cch u
nhau,nh rnh rng bnh rng, cc mt phng cch u. Ngoi ra u
phn cn dung truyn chuyn ng xoay cho chi tit khi gia cng
rnh nghing xon.
b. Cch chia: ch chia trc tip(n gin)
N: t s truyn
Z: s rnh gia cng
N: s vng quay trong mt ln chia n = N\Z
+ Nu n nguyn: chn bt k l no trn a l , rt cht l quay tay
quay i n vng v th ng vo l chn th ta c mt ln chia,c tip
tc nh th cho n khi hon thnh cng vic.
+Nu n khng nguyn: Z l c ca s l no c trn a ta chn
vong l v tin hnh xc nh v tr quay nh c r qut. Trng hp
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

37

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH
khng c s l

trn a l

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

ta s dng cch chia khc: cch chia vi sai

(khng nghin cu).


2.2.5. K THUT KHOAN
2.2.5.1. Cng dng my khoan: l dng c dng lm l trn b mt chi
tit
2.2.5.2. Mt s loi my khoan thng s dng:
a. Khoan in cm tay:

To l c chnh xc khng cao


Phm vi khng gian khoan rng

b. My khoan bn: K12 ; K14


K: my khoan
12: ng knh ln nht ca mi khoan
chnh xc khng cao
S dng c cu truyn ng ai
c. My khoan ng:

K125
K : my khoan
1 : nhm my khoan ng
25 : ng knh ln nht ca mi khoan ng vi
cng sut my (ng vi vt liu thp C45, phi t
cha c l)

Cu to: 3 b phn chnh


+ Hp tc : iu chnh tc quay trc chnh
+ Hp tc iu chnh t ng khi c ch khoan t ng
+ Bn khoan: t chi tit
Kh nng: cng dng ca my:
+ Khoan l : cp chnh xc 3 Ra=2.25
+ Khot rng l
+ Doa bng l
+ Tar ren trong
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

38

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Sai phm:
+ Chy mi khoan: do ch ct khng hp l: xc nh cng
vt liu khng chnh xc dn n chon dao khng hp l
+ Mo hnh van: lch me
+ Gy mi khoan: g kp khng cht
+ Khoan l xin: g khng chnh xc

d. My khoan cn:

K325; 2B56
K (2): my khoan
3 (B): cn
25: ng knh mi khoan ln nht ng vi cng
sut my
56: tm hot ng 560mm (vn ti khi lm vic)

2.3 GII THIU V SN PHM CA CNG TY


2.3.1 Gii thiu v h thng phanh:
a.Cng dng:
H thng phanh c chc nng gim tc chuyn ng ti tc chuyn ng
no hoc dng hn ti mt v tr nht nh. Thng thng qu trnh phanh c tin
hnh bng cch to ma st gia phn quay v phn ng yn. Nh vy, ng nng ca
my s bin thnh nhit nng ca c cu ma st v c truyn ra mi trng xung
quanh.
H thng phanh gm c cc b phn: c cu phanh dn ng phanh v ngoi ra
cn c cc thit b nng cao hiu qu phanh.
b. Phn loi:
H thng hanh c chia theo tnh cht hnh thnh h thng phanh:
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

39

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Phn loi theo kt cu c cu phanh gm: c cu phanh tang trng, c


cu phanh a.
Phn loi theo dn ng phanh dn ng phanh bng c kh, cht lng,
kh nn hoc lin hp.
Phn loi theo mc hon thin h thng phanh: c b iu ha lc v
phanh h thng phanh ABS.
c. Yu cu:
H thng phanh cn m bo nhng yu cu sau:
C hiu qu phanh cao nht: m bo qung ng phanh ngn nht khi
phanh t ngt trong trng hp nguy him.
iu khin nh nhng v thun li: lc tc dng ln bn phay cn ko
iu khin cn ph hp vi kh nng thc hin ca ngi s dng.
m bo s n nh v chuyn ng ca my v phanh m du trong mi
trng hp.
Dn ng phanh phi c nhy, m bo mi tng quan gia lc bn
p vi s phanh ca my trong qu trnh thc hin phanh.
C cu thot nhit tt duy tr h s ma st trong c cu phanh trong mi
iu kin s dng.
Hn ch ti a hin tng trt khi phanh vi cng bn p khc
nhau.
d.Nguyn l hot ng:
p chn vo bn p s 1 Cam 2 t vo cng tc 3 lm cho cng tc ngt
mch in ng c. Cn ko 5 ko dy thng 6 Dy thng 6 ko tay thng 7 lm cho
tay thng ko trc bung m thng 8 lch mt gc lm bung m thng 9. Mt b m
thng s t vo mt trong ca m thng sinh ra lc ma st lm ngng hot ng quay
qun tnh ca ng c. Khi nh thng, l xo 4 tr ton b h thng thng v v tr ban
u.
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

40

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

2.3.2 Cc h thng phanh thng dng:


a. H thng phanh tang trng:
H thng phanh tang trng (thng) c dng iu khin chic xe, mt chic
xe p m c h thng phanh khng tt th hon ton v ngha, v n s l ngun ngc
ca tai nn. Rt nhiu ngi quan tm n h thng phanh, xem n l h thng quan
trong nht.
H thng phanh l tng l h thng cho php ngi li dng xe li vi khong
cch ngn nht. Mt yu cu khc cho mt h thng phanh t l vic dng xe phi n
nh, khng b ko l hoc m sang bn cnh. H thng phan chng b cng c s
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

41

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

dng ngn nga b kt phanh v s trt ca bnh xe nhm to thm ma st khi


phanh gp s an ton hn.

Phanh tang trng l loi c dng ph bin trn nhiu loi xe t. Nhng
chic xe u tin nht s dng phanh tang trng l loi phanh dng dng ai bao quanh
mt ngoi thn trng, khi phanh ai ny s m ly thn trng lm gim vn tc ca xe.
Loi phanh ny ngy nay ch cn thy s dng trn nhng chic xe p mini, cn trn
t khng cn dng na do cu to loi phanh ny b bt li do nc v bi bn
ng vng ln dnh vo m phanh v trng, lm gim ma st v khin mt trng v
m phanh b mi mn rt nhanh chng. Chnh v vy m loi phanh hin nay ra i
v chim u th nh khc phc c nhng khim khuyt ca th h trc. Loi phanh
ny cn gi l phanh di.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

42

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Ngy nay cc m phanh c b tr nm bn trong trng, m i khi phanh ngi


iu khin phi tc ng mt lc bung m phanh ra p st vo mt trong ca tang
trng, v vy thit k ny gi l phanh bung bn trong. H thng phanh tang trng u
tin c tc ng thng qua c cu n by c kh. Cc thanh kim loi hoc dy cp,
v cc tay n truyn p lc t bn p phanh hoch tay n iu khin n guc
phanh.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

43

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

b. H thng phanh thy lc:


H thng thy lc: Dng truyn lc tc ng t bn p n cc guc phanh.
Truyn ng thy lc lm tng rt ng k lc tc dng. H thng thy lc c u im
l truyn p lc bng nhau n hai hay nhiu ni trn cng h thng cng mt thi
im.
H thng phanh thy lc c bt u mt xilanh chnh, xilanh chnh l mt
bm thy lc kiu piston hot ng bng chnh bn p phanh. ng dn bng thp v
ng cao su chu du v p lc ni t xilanh chnh n cc xilanh bnh xe, du phanh s
tc ng vo piston, tip theo piston s tc ng vo guc phanh p vo tang trng.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

44

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Vo cui nhng nm 1990, h thng thy lc kp c gii thiu, h thng ny


c chia thnh hai b phn: ra pha trc v sau. S r r du b phn no ch lm
mt p sut b phn ca h thng. Xilanh chnh loi kp s dng hai piston ni
tip nhau, mt cho phanh trc, hai cho phanh sau. Nhng xe FWD hay s dng h
thng phn chia cho: mt piston chnh vn hnh bnh trc bn phi v bnh sau bn
tri, piston kia th ngc li.
H thng phanh thy lc trn t thng s dng mt hoc nhiu van:
Van v b chuyn mch chnh lch p sut. Cm van ny s bt n cnh bo
phanh thng bo cho ti x h hng thy lc xy ra trong h thng.
Van cn bng t l: Cm van ny se gim p sut thy lc n phanh tang trng
pha sau gim kh nng kha kt bnh sau trong khi phanh gp.
Van nh lng: Cm van ny lm chm tc dng ca phanh a pha trc lc
vn hnh bn p vi lc nh cho phanh trc v sau tc ng cng mt lc.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

45

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

H thng ny c s dng ring l hoc nhm hai hay ba van . Chng kt hp


thnh cm gi l van t hp.
c. H thng phanh in khng dng thy lc:
H thng khng cn dn ng thy lc v kh nn. H thng phanh nm in t
EWB ch s dng dng in 12V nhng vn t c lc phanh ln.
C cu phanh nm ca EWB (Electronic Wedge Brake) to s khc bit so vi
h thng phanh truyn thng. Trn c cu phanh a, p sut du hoc kh nn to ra
lc p ma vo a phanh, cn EWB li s dng m-t in iu khin nm trt
thc hin cng vic trn. Gii php ny gip n gin ha qu trnh iu khin, c
bit khi h thng phanh kt hp vi nhiu h thng iu khin in t khc nh: h
thng chng b phanh, h thng phn phi lc phanh, hay h thng cn bng in
t,..
Khi p phanh, b iu khin in t ca EWB kch hot ng c quay. Nm
trt trn con ln ng th p m phanh vo a phanh. Lc ma st gia m phanh v
a phanh c xu hng ko nm trt theo chiu quay ca trc, lc ko cng ln m
cng p cht vo a. Cm bin v tr nm gip b iu khin trung tm kim sot chnh
xc c tr nm, ngn chn nguy c b cng do hin tng t sit gy ra. Nguyn k lm
vic ny tng c p dng trong cc thit b hng khng v tr yu cu an ton
cao.
Phn ln cc chi tit l linh kin in t lm vic vi tin cy cao, iu
mang li li th cho EWB: gn, nh, gim trng lng, t cn bo dng v cc linh
kin c bao kn khng chu tc ng ca mi trng bn ngoi.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

46

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

CHNG 3
QUY TRNH CNG NGH CA CC CHI TIT
3.1. Quy trnh cng ngh ca puly:
A

I
A

3.1.1 Chun b:
Bn v chi tit ca puly.
Ta s thc hin trn my tin T6M16 v My xc chuyn dng.
Dng dao (vt mt, tin lng, mc l ) gn mnh hp kim BK8, mi khoan 22
v mi khoan tm.
Phi gang c vi ng knh ln nht v chiu di ln nht l 145 v
L=150mm (cc mt ca chi tit c c d 5mm).

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

47

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

3.1.2 Yu cu k thut:
ng tm gia cc l 110 v 28

0.05mm.

khng ng tm gia cc l v rnh puly

0.05mm.

Vt cc cnh ngoi v cnh trong 1x45 .


3.1.3 Cng thc l thuyt:
Tc ct: V=

(mm/ph) suy ra: n=

Khong dch tm ng khi chnh cn: H=


Tc ct khi khoan: V=

(mm/ph).
(mm).

(mm/ph) vi D l ng knh mi khoan.

3.1.4 Cc bc thc hin:


NGUYN CNG 1:
Chun b chun g v khoan l
Bc 1: Vt mt u 3mm.
Ch ct:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 2
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
-Phi c g trn mm cp 3 chu.
-R trn cho phi ng tm vi tm my.
-m bo lc kp cht.
-G dao ngay tm.
-Xoay dao sao cho li ct chnh nghing so vi trc x mt gc t 5 n 10 .
-Rp mi khoan tm v dng mi khoan tm khoan l chng tm.
Bc 2: Khoan l
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

sut chiu di
48

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Ch ct:
n (v/ph) = 150
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
- Rp bu khoan c gn mi khoan
vo nng ng v trt ng v gn
phi cch phi 3 n 5mm ri c nh
ng.
-m bo lc kp phi cht.
-Quay ng cn u tay mi khoan ct gt thun li.
Bc 3: Tin tr ngoi
Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 2
s (mm) = 0.03
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 240
t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
Tin tr ngoi

vi L=100mm.

-S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim BK8.


-Xoay mi dao sao cho li ct chnh vung gc so vi tm chi tit.
-Thc hin ct gt.
-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

49

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

NGUYN CNG 2:
Bc 1: Tin vt mt u
Ch ct:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 2
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
o u phi v kp cht.
-Xoay mi dao sao cho li ct chnh
nghing so vi trc x mt gc t 5 n
10 .
-Tin vt mt.
-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho kch thc.
Bc 2: Tin tr ngoi
Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 95
t (mm) = 2
s (mm) = 0.03
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 0.1
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim BK8. Tin tr ngoi

-Xoay mi dao sao cho li ct chnh vung gc so vi tm chi tit.


GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

50

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 3: Mc l
Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 2
s (mm) = 0.03
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 240
t (mm) = 0.1
s (mm) = 0.01
Lc sit ca cc vt trn lng dao l bng
nhau.
-S dng dao tin mc l gn mnh hp kim BK8. Tin ng knh l

vi

L=40mm.
-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.

Bc 4: Tin mc l bc

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 2
s (mm) = 0.03
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 240
t (mm) = 0.1
s (mm) = 0.01
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

51

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Hng dn thc hin:


Dao phi g cho ng tm chi tit.
-Lc sit ca cc vt trn lng dao l bng nhau.
-S dng dao tin mc l gn mnh hp kim BK8. Tin mc l

vi

L=6mm.
-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 5: tin mc l
Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 240
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.03
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 380
t (mm) = 0.1
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
S dng dao tin mc l gn mnh hp kim BK8.
-Thc hin tin ng knh l

sut chiu di.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc yu cu.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

52

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH
Bc 6: Tin tr ngoi

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

vi L=60mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 2
s (mm) = 0.03
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 240
t (mm) = 0.1
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
S dng dao ct c gn mnh hp kim BK8.
-G dao ngay tm.
-Xoay cho mi dao sao cho li ct chnh song song vi tm chi tit.
-Thc hin tin tr

vi L=60mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 7: Tin tr ngoi
Ch ct :
n (v/ph) = 150
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn s dng:
-S dng dao hp kim ct rnh puly
bng A tin ct rnh.
-Phi hp hai chuyn ng xa ngang
v xa dc tin chch rnh puly.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

53

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

NGUYN CNG 3: Tin ct t


Ch ct :
n (v/ph) = 150
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
o u phi v kp cht trn mm kp 3
chu.
-R trn ng tm.
-m bo lc xit ca mm kp.
-S dng dao ct c gn mnh hp kim BK8.
-Thc hin ct t lng d chiu di.
-m bo kch thc chiu di chi tit
L=

mm

NGUYN CNG 4: Xc rnh then

Hng dn thc hin:


G phi ln my xc chuyn dng.
-m bo lc sit chi tit.
-Dng dao xc c gn mnh hp kim BK8.
-Xc rnh 7mm sut chiu di l
-m bo song song gia l

28
28 v rnh

then 7mm.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

54

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

3.2. Quy trnh cng ngh ca np puly:


A-A

3.2.1 Chun b:
Bn v chi tit ca np puly.
Ta s thc hin trn my tin T6M16, my phay chuyn dng v my khoan
ng.
Dng dao (vt mt, tin lng, mc l ) gn mnh hp kim BK8, mi khoan
11.5, 13.5, mi doa 12, 14 v mi khoan tm.
Phi gang c vi ng knh ln nht v chiu di ln nht l 145 v
L=35mm ( cc mt ca chi tit c c d 5mm).
3.2.2. Yu cu k thut:
ng tm gia cc l 115 v 12

0.05mm.

Dung sai theo bng v.


Vt cc cnh ngoi v cnh trong 1x45 .
Vt cc cnh l 0.5x45 .

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

55

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

3.2.3 Cng thc l thuyt:


Tc ct: V=

(mm/ph) suy ra: n=

Khong dch tm ng khi chnh cn: H=


Tc ct khi khoan: V=

(mm/ph).
(mm).

(mm/ph) vi D l ng knh mi khoan.

Khoan l tm t chiu su l =2.2d.


3.2.4. Cc bc thc hin:
NGUYN CNG 1:
Bc 1: Vt mt u 2mm.
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 1
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
Phi c g trn mm cp 3 chu.
-m bo lc kp cht.
-Dng dao vai c gn mnh hp kim BK8.
-G dao ngay tm.
- Xoay mi dao sao cho li ct chnh nghing so vi trc x mt gc t 5 n 10 .
Bc 2: Tin tr ngoi

vi L=15mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 95
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 150
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

56

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
-G chi tit trn mm cp 3 chu.
-S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim BK8. Tin tr ngoi

vi L=15mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
NGUYN CNG 2:
Bc 1: Vt mt u.
Ch ct :
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 1
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
Phi c g trn mm cp 3 chu.
-m bo lc kp cht.
- Xoay mi dao sao cho li ct chnh nghing so vi trc x mt gc t 5 n 10 .
-Ly du chiu di sao cho chiu di phi L=

mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho kch thc
- Dng mi khoan tm khoan l chng tm. Tc 600v/ph.
Bc 2: Tin bc

vi L=5mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 95
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 150
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

57

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
Ly du chnh xc chiu di gia cng L=5mm.
-S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim BK8. Tin tr ngoi

vi L=5mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 3: Tin bc

vi L=12mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 95
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 150
t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
Ly du chnh xc chiu di gia cng L=12mm.
-S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim BK8. Tin tr ngoi

vi L=12mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
-Xoay dao sao cho li ct chnh vung so vi tm chi.
-Dng mi dao chch lm du ng trn

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

v vt cc cnh ca chi tit 1x

58

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH
Bc 4: khoan v doa l

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 150
Hng dn thc hin:
Kim tra v iu chnh tm ng trng vi
tm my.
-Rp bu khoan c gn mi khoan

vo

nng ng v trt ng v gn phi cch


phi 3 n 5mm ri c nh ng. Quay u tay mi khoan ct gt.
-Sau khi khoan xong, ta thay mi doa

v thc hin tng t nh phn khoan.

NGUYN CNG 3:
Bc 1: vch du
Ch ct :
n (v/ph) = 480
t (mm) = 0.5
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
Dng thc vch du vch du i qua tm l
v vung gc vi rnh 16mm. -Ct ng trn vch du

ti hai im.

-Dng bng tu ng du ti hai im giao nhau .

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

59

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

NGUYN CNG 4:
Bc 1: Phay rnh.

Hng dn thc hin:


Gi chi tit trn t my phay ng.
16. iu chnh tm dao i qua tm my.

- Dng dao phay ngn


-Phay rnh rng

mm su 5mm.

Bc 2: Khoan v doa l

Ch ct :
n (v/ph) = 95
Hng dn thc hin:
Gi chi tit trn t my khoan ng.
- Dng mi khoan

khoan sut chiu di phi.

-Thay mi doa vo v doa li l t kch thc

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

60

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

NGUYN CNG 5: Khoan v doa l

Ch ct :
n (v/ph) = 95
Hng dn thc hin:
Dng mi khoan

khoan sut chiu di phi.

-Thay mi doa vo v doa li l t kch thc

3.3. Quy trnh cng ngh ca cht nh v m phanh:


I

3.3.1 Chun b:
Bn v chi tit ca cht nh v m thng.
Ta s thc hin trn my tin T6M16.
Dng dao (vt mt, tin lng, ct, dao ren) gn
mnh hp kim YG6, mi khoan tm.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

I
61

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Thp C45 20 x L = 100mm.


3.3.2 Yu cu k thut:
m bo ng tm gia cc mt tr.
Dung sai theo bng v.
m bo kch thc 12.
Vt cc cnh 0.5x45 .
3.3.3 Cng thc l thuyt:
Tc ct: V=

(mm/ph) suy ra: n=

Khong dch tm ng khi chnh cn: H=

(mm/ph).
(mm).

3.3.4 Cc bc thc hin:


NGUYN CNG 1: Vt mt u.

Ch ct :
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 1
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
Phi c g trn mm cp 3 chu vi chiu di l ra khi chu cp cng ngn cng
tt.
-m bo lc kp cht.
-G dao ngay tm.
-Xoay cho mi ct chnh nghing so vi tm tm chi tit mt gc t 5 n 10 .
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

62

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

-Dng mi khoan tm khoan l chng tm. Tc 600v/ph.


NGUYN CNG 2:
Bc 1: Tin tr ngoi

vi L=17mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
G chi tit trn mm cp 3 chu.
-m bo lc kp ca mm cp v lc p ca mi chng tm cht.
-S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim YG6. Tin tr ngoi

vi L=17mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 2: Tin tr ngoi

vi L=51mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 0.3
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

63

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim YG6. Tin tr ngoi

vi L=51mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 3: Tin tr ngoi

vi L=51mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim YG6. Tin tr ngoi

vi L=51mm.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 4: Tin ct rnh

, rng 15

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 380
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

64

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

n (v/ph) = 380
t (mm) = 0.5
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
S dng dao ct gn mnh hp kim YG6. chch rnh

, rng 15.

-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
-Ta nn cha lng d l 0.5 ct tinh.
Bc 5: Tin ren M10

Ch ct :

n (v/ph) = 240
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
Dng dao ct ren c gn mnh hp kim YG6 tin ren. gc mi dao
-G dao ngay tm, ngay ngn khng nghing. iu chnh bc tin v tc ct cho
ph hp v tin hnh tin.
Bc 6: Vt cnh v ct t.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

65

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Hng dn thc hin:


iu chnh gc nghing ca mi dao sao cho li ct chnh nghing gc
cnh ca chi tit 0.5x

vt cc

-Ly du v tr ct.
-Cn cha lng d ct tinh.
-Dng dao ct t ct chi tit vi chiu di L=

mm.

3.4. Quy trnh cng ngh ca cht nh v np buly:


B-B

3.4.1 Chun b:
Bn v chi tit ca cht nh v m thng.
Ta s thc hin trn my tin T6M16 v my phay
chuyn dng.
Dng dao (vt mt, tin lng, ct, dao ren) gn

mnh hp kim YG6.


Thp C45 20 - L=70mm.
3.4.2 Yu cu k thut:
Dung sai theo bng v.
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

66

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

m bo kch thc 12.


Vt cc cnh 0.5x45 .
3.4.3 Cng thc l thuyt:
Tc ct: V=

(mm/ph) suy ra: n=

(mm/ph).

3.4.4 Cc bc thc hin:


NGUYN CNG 1:
Bc 1: vt mt u

Ch ct:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 1
s (mm) = 0.05
Hng dn thc hin:
Chi tit c g trn mm cp 3 chu vi chiu di chi tit l ra khi mm cp bng
chiu di gia cng cng thm 10-15mm.
- Dao phi g ng tm chi tit.
- Xoay cho mi ct chnh nghing so vi tm tm chi tit mt gc t 5 n 10 .
- Dng du xch bn trt trn chnh chiu su ct t.
Mt u vt xong phi m bo phng, nhn bong, khng cn li ti tm.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

67

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH
Bc 2: Tin tr ngoi

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

vi L=20mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim YG6.
- Ly du chiu di gia cng L=20mm.
-Xc nh chiu su ct bng du xch xa ngang.
-Thc hin tin ct khi dao cn cch 3 n 5mm, ngt bc tin t ng, quay tay a
dao n vch du.
-Kim tra kch thc ri tin hnh ct lt tip theo cho ng kch thc.
Bc 3: tin tr ngoi

vi L=53mm.

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 1.5
s (mm) = 0.02
Ch ct tinh:
n (v/ph) = 600
t (mm) = 0.3
s (mm) = 0.01
GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

68

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Hng dn thc hin:


S dng dao tin vai gn mnh hp kim YG6.
- Ly du chiu di gia cng L=53mm.
- Dng tht cp kim tra kch tht gia cng , tip tc gia cng khi kch
thc.
Bc 4: vt cnh v ct t.

I
I

Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 240
s (mm) = 0.01
Hng dn thc hin:
Dng dao ct ren c gn mnh hp kim YG6 tin ren. gc mi dao
-G dao ngay tm, ngay ngn khng nghing. iu chnh bc tin v tc ct cho
ph hp v tin hnh tin.

NGUYN CNG 2:
Ch ct th:
n (v/ph) = 480
t (mm) = 0.5
s (mm) = 0.01

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

69

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Hng dn thc hin:


iu chnh gc nghing ca mi dao sao cho li ct chnh nghing gc
cnh ca chi tit 0.5x

vt cc

-Ly du v tr ct.
-Cn cha lng d ct tinh
- Dng dao ct t ct chi tit vi chiu di L=

mm.

NGUYN CNG 3:Phay mt.

Hng dn thc hin:


- Gi chi tit trn t my phay ng.
- Dng dao phay ngn 16mm phay hai cnh bn ca ng knh

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

mm

70

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

CHNG 4
NHNG CNG VIC LM V KINH NGHIM THU
C TRONG QU TRNH THC TP TI CNG TY.
4.1 NHNG CNG VIC LM.
Nhng ngy u ca qu trnh thc tp, do cn nhiu b ng nn cng vic
ca em ch l tham quan cc phn xng trong cng ty. Sau c s cho php
ca cng ty, em c trc tip tham gia vo qu trnh sn xut. Di y l mt
vi cng vic c th:
Thc hnh trn cc my nh: tin, hn, phay gia cng nhng chi tit
n gin.
Gip cng nhn cc phn xng c, t lp rp, bo tr, trong kh
nng c th.
Tham gia vo qu trnh kim tra sn phm.
4.2 KINH NGHIM THU C.
-

Qu trnh thc tp gip em ban u lm quen vi tc phong, thi lm vic


cng nh thc trch nhim trong cng vic,

Vic quan st v trc tip tham gia sn xut gip em c c nhng kinh
nghim u tin v thc tin sn xut; hnh dung r hn v cng vic ca ngi
k s trong tng lai:
Nm bt c quy trnh sn xut cc sn phm c kh.
Hiu r hn v my ct kim loi, cch thc ch to v s dng
g, ch ct,.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

71

TRNG DH CNG NGHIP TPHCM


KHOA CN C KH

CNG TY TNHH DV-TM C KH


TUN PHT

Hc tp c mt s k nng thc hnh nh vo vic trc tip ng


my gia cng chi tit,

Cng c kin thc chuyn nghnh v c thng tho hu ht cc bn v c


tip xc cng ty.

c quan st thc t mt s my mc v chi tit ch c hc trn trng m


cha c c hi c xt thc t..

Cch qun l h thng cng ngh v qun l con ngi tng i hp l v th


nng cao nng xut lao ng.

Cng tc bo h lao ng tt, th hn c trang b tng i tt.

c bit khong thi gian ny em c th hnh dung v lm quen c vi


cng vic ca mt ngi k s c kh, v gi gic v cung cch lm vic l
hnh trang v cng qu gi cho bn thn em. c kt qu nh vy l nh s
gip ca cc ch v cc anh trong cng ty tn tnh ch bo em trong thi
gian qua, em v cng bit n v t nhc nh mnh phi c gng nhiu hn na
trong hc tp v cng vic tng lai.

GVHD:ThS. DIP BO TR

72

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