Ngy nay c rt nhiu thit b chuyn ng khng ngi li c iu khin t xa ra i.

Nhm thit b ny c rt nhiu cng dung thuc t, nn ngy mt pht tin. Khi u ngi ta
ch tao my bay khng ngi li c tm hoat ng ngn, by gi th n c tm hoat ng kinh
ngi, rt xa. Vi chng ta Ban c th ch tao xe 4 bnh, hay tu nh chay trn mt sng... v
dng sng v tuyn iu khin hnh trnh ca n, lm c cc thit b ny cng thch lm
phi khng?

Trong bi ny, ti gii thiu n Ban 2 ic thng dung d tm c ch tao dng cho muc ch
ny. D nhin Ban cng c th bin cch dng n cho cc cng vic khc, n dng lm cng
vic g c ch cho Ban hon ton ty thuc vo tr sng tao ca ring Ban m thi. Hy th
bt u t ci nh nht, ai bit c c th ngy mai Ban s l nh ch tao cc thit b hnh
trnh xa i vo v tru xa xi th sao? Kinh nghim cho ti bit, trong i nhiu ci ln ln lm
u bt u t nhng ci nh xu thi...C phi th khng?



Gii thiu cp ic SM6135/SM6136:


SM6136 dng m ha 5 lnh dng iu khin xe khng ngi li.

S cc khi chc nng cho thy: C cn c xung nhp, nn trong ic c khi dao ng, tn
s xung nhp phu thuc vo tr in tr gn trn chn 11, 12. Mach nh thi dng phn phi
thi gian iu khin ca cc b phn. Ng vo nhn 5 lnh, vi cc chn:

* Chn 1 nhn lnh queo phi.
* Chn 14 nhn lnh queo tri.
* Chn 5 nhn lnh chay ti.
* Chn 4 nhn lnh li lai.
* Chn 6 nhn lnh gia tc.

Cc lnh vo s c cht lai v cho m ha v xut ra trn 3 ng:

* Chn 8 cho tn hiu ra dang m khng nm trn tn hiu iu ch.
* Chn 7 cho tn hiu ra dang m nm trn tn hiu iu ch.
* Chn 10 dng iu khin ngun.

2 chn cn lai l:

Chn 2, dng kim tra bn trong ic.
Chn 13, dng th ic.

ic SM6136 lm vic vi chn 3 ni masse v chn 9 ni ngun, mc ngun nui t 2.4V n
5V.


SM6135 dng gii m 5 lnh xe khng ngi li c th chay ti, li lai, queo tri, queo
phi v gia tc.

Trong ic c 2 tng khuch ai o, tng o 1, tn hiu vo trn chn 14 v ra trn chn 15,
tng o 2 tn hiu vo trn chn 16 v ra chn 1.

Trong ic cn c xung nhp, tn s xung nhp phu thuc vo tr ca in tr trn chn 4 v chn
5.

Tn hiu gii m cho vo trn chn 3. Chn 8 dng lm ng ra ca dng xung nng p. Chn 9
dng chon cp bin tc, ic c 2 cp bin tc, nu chn ny b trng ngha l ban mun chon chi
1 cp bin tc m thi.

C lm vic vi chn 2 ni masse v chn 13 ni vo ng ngun dong. Ngun lm vic ca
ic t 2.4V n 5V.


ch ki!" t#$ ic %ht "& 'nh (SM6136) *+ ic chp h+nh (SM6135): Nu Ban c 2 ic ny
trong tay, Ban c th gn n ln bo test v cho ni mach nh hnh v sau. y Ban ch n
cch chon tn s bn ic pht v tn s bn ic nhn phi trng khp nhau, trong mach gn 2
bin tr:

* Bin tr 300K trn chn 11, 12 ca ic SM6136 dng chinh tn s xung nhp bn pht.
* Bin tr300K trn chn 4, 5 ca ic SM6135 dng chinh tn s xung nhp bn nhn.

Nu tn s 2 ic tong hp, lc ny mt nt nhn bn ic pht s lm sng mt Led tong
ng bn ic nhn. Khi Ban nhn:

Nt nhn trn chn 1 ca SM6136 th Led queo phi (Right) trn SM6135 s sng.
Nt nhn trn chn 14 ca SM6136 th Led queo tri (Left) trn SM6135 s sng.
Nt nhn trn chn 5 ca SM6136 th Led chay ti (Forward) trn SM6135 s sng.
Nt nhn trn chn 4 ca SM6136 th Led li xe (Backward) trn SM6135 s sng.
Nt nhn trn chn 12 ca SM6136 th Led tng tc (Turbo) trn SM6135 s sng.

Qua kt qu thuc nghim trn, chng ta c th kt lun cp ic pht - nhn ny u tt.


M,ch in th-c h+nh:

./n pht:

Gi0i th1ch 2 ",ch pht *i ic SM6136: Trn mach ny Ban c 5 nt nhn dng pht
lnh iu khin, tn hiu ra trn chn 8 (Signal Out) a v chn B ca transistor cao tn Q2, tn
hiu c cho t ln sng mang tn s cao ri cho pht ra t Anten.

Q1 l transistor dng tao ra tn hiu tn s cao RF, dng lm sng mang. in tr 220K dng
cp dng phn cuc cho chn B, in tr 100 ohm nh dng chn E, cun cm L1 dng ly tn
hiu trn chn C. Tu 68pF ly tn hiu hi tip thun tao dao ng, tn s xc nh theo
thach anh, y Ban cho pht lnh vi sng mang c tn s hp php l 27MHz. Tn hiu dao
ng ly ra trn chn C qua tu lin lac 47pF a vo chn B ca Q2 lm sng mang, n s
mang tn hiu m lnh v qua Anten pht vo khng gian.

Q2 l tng khuch ai RF c phn cuc cho lm vic hang C. Chn B c in tr33K n
nh ng vo, tu 68pF gim bin v loc nhiu, chn E c mach tu phn cuc vi in tr 100
ohm v tu 203pF, tn hiu RF (c mang m lnh) ly ra trn chn C vi cun cm L2, qua tu
lin lac 151pF, ri qua mach loc hi vi tu 151pF, L3 v tu 100pF, tn hiu a ln Anten pht
vo khng gian.

Mach lm vic vi ngun nui 9V, c Led chi th vi in tr han dng 1.5K. Dng mach n p
vi in tr nh dng 390 ohm v diode zener 3V ly p cp cho ic SM6136 trn chn 9. Tu
47uF v tu 203pF dng n p v loc nhiu.

Ghi ch3 4u$n t#5ng: Ban dng mt bin tr 300K gn trn chn 14, 15 v iu chinh bin tr
ny c xung nhp trong ic lm vic tn s 190KHz.



./n thu:
Gi0i th1ch ",ch in 6/n thu *i ic SM6135: Tn hiu thu vo qua ng Anten cho vo chn E
ca Q1 c khuch ai v tch sng (dng kiu tch sng tu phch). Trn chn B ca Q1
c cp phn cuc vi in tr R1 v tu loc 47uF. Chn E nh dng lm vic vi in tr 460
ohm v tu 222pF, cun cm L2 dng ly tn hiu. Trn chn C c mach iu hng L1, C2
dng tao ra tn hiu RF, tu hi tip C1 dng pht sinh dao ng tu phch. in tr 3.3K dng
ly tn hiu m lnh c tch ra khi sng mang RF ri qua tu lin lac 104pF, in tr
gim bin 2.2K vo chn 14 ca ic SM6135.

Tn hiu m lnh vo trn chn 14, qua tng khuch ai o 1 cho ra trn chn 15. in tr
2.2Mohm v tu 510pF dng ly tn hiu hi tip nghch n nh hoat ng ca tng o 1. Tn
hiu lai qua tu lin lac 104pF v in tr gim bin 2.2K vo tng o 2 trn chn 16, sau khi
c khuch ai ra chn 1, in tr 2.2Mohm dng ly tn hiu hi tip nghch nh li
cho tng o 2. Tn hiu m lnh ra chn s 1, qua mach loc nhiu vi in tr 2.2K v tu
102pF, tr vo ic trn chn s 3. Trong ic tn hiu ny s c gii m xc nh ni dung
ca m lnh v cho chn hnh.

Trn 2 chn 10, 11 ngi ta xut in p dng cp cho cu khuch ai vi 6 transistor
cp dng cho motor DC tao luc chay ti (khi motor quay theo chiu thun) hay lui (khi o chiu
motor, motor quay theo chiu ngc lai). Cc in tr 10K dng han dng chn B cho cc
transistor thc, cc in tr 100 trn chn C dng gim cng sut tc ng ln tng thc.

Trn 2 chn 6, 7 ngi ta xut in p dng cp cho cu khuch ai vi 6 transistor cp
dng cho motor DC tao luc queo phi (khi motor quay theo chiu thun) hay queo tri (khi o
chiu motor, motor quay theo chiu ngc lai). Cc in tr 10K dng han dng chn B cho
cc transistor thc, cc in tr 100 trn chn C dng gim cng sut tc ng ln tng thc.

C lm vic vi mc ngun 4.5V, cp thng cho tng khuch ai cu. Trn ng ngun t
mach loc vi in tr 100 n 300 v cc tu loc 104, v tu 220uF.

Ghi ch3 4u$n t#5ng: Ban dng mt bin tr 300K gn trn chn 4, 5 v iu chinh bin tr ny
c xung nhp trong ic lm vic tn s 190KHz ( y chon in tr c nh l 200K).

Ban nh tn s xung nhp ca 2 ic SM6136 v SM6135 phi trng hp nhau, nu khng mach
s khng hoat ng ng vi mun ca Ban.

Hoat ng ca cu khuch ai dng cp dng cho cc motor DC nh c gii thch nh
sau:

Ban thy khi Vin+ mc p thp, n s lm tt Q3, Q1 v Q5, lc ny Vin- ln mc p cao n
s lm bo ha cc transistor Q6, Q4 v Q2. Vy bn tri ca motor ni vi ngun 4.5V v bn
phi cho ni vi masse. Motor s quay theo chiu qua tri (Ban xem hnh).


Ngc lai, khi Vin+ ln mc p cao, n s lm bo ha Q3, Q1 v Q5, lc ny Vin- xung mc
p thp n s lm ngng dn cc transistor Q6, Q4 v Q2. Vy bn phi ca motor ni vi
ngun 4.5V v bn tri cho ni vi masse. Motor s quay theo chiu qua phi (Ban xem hnh).

Ghi ch3: cc kt qu tnh ton trn l ly t trnh PSpice ca OrCAD. Nu thch PSpice Ban
hy tm oc cc bi vit c lin h, cng trong muc "Trao i hoc tp" ny. PSpice s cho Ban
nh lng c cc mach in m Ban c.

Tm lai, bng cch thay i mc p cao thp trn 2 ng vo chng ta c th lm thay i in
p DC cp cho motor v lm thay i cc trang thi ca motor, c th gi cho motor dng, vi
mc p 2 ng vo cng thp, hay lm cho motor quay vi mc p bn cao bn thp.


7," k8t, qua phn trnh by trn, Ban thy cch rp mach in ny qu on gin phi khng?
Nu thch th hy th xem sao!