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i hc Kinh t TP. HCM

Khoa Kinh t Pht trin/B mn Kinh t hc
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GI BI GII THI CUI KHA MN KINH T VI M
Lp: K2009 TP.HCM (Qun tr Kinh doanh 3)
(Ging vin: Nguyn Hoi Bo)
Thi gian lm bi: 75 pht/ c s dng ti liu
Cu 1: HNH VI CA NGI TIU DNG (3 im)
S thch ca Lan i vi bn (B) v bnh m (M) c cho bi hm hu dng U = BM2/3. Hin nay gi
ca bn l 20 nghn/t cn gi bnh m l 10 nghn/. Hng tun Lan c 100 nghn n bn hoc bnh
m.
a. Hy cho bit s bn v bnh m m Lan mua ti a ha hu dng?
Lan s t c hu dng ti a khi hu dng tng thm ca 1 ng cho bn phi bng vi hu dng tng
thm ca mt ng chi cho bnh m, hay: MUB/PB = MUM/PM hay M2/3/20 = 2/3BM-1/3/10 hay M = (4/3)B
(1) v xi ht 100 nghn: 100 = 20B + 10M (2).
Kt hp (1) v (2) gii c kt qu B = 3; v M = 4.
b. Hy vit hm s cu ca Lan i vi bn.
Gii h (1) v (2) vi gi nh PB l mt bin s th s c c hm s cu theo dng:
B = 100/PB(1 + 2/3) hay B = 60/PB
c. Hy tnh co dn ca cu i vi gi ca Lan i vi bn ti mc gi trn.
E (ti P = 20) = (B/PB)(P/Q) = (-60P-2)(20/60) = -1/20 = -0.05.
Cu 2: SN XUT V CHI PH CA DOANH NGHIP (3 im)
Cho hm sn xut Q = K0.5L0.5. Bit r = 5 v w = 4.
a. Hy vit hm s chi ph nu bit hin ti K = 16.
TC = wL + rK = 4L + 516 (*). Hm chi ph l mt hm vit theo sn lng nn chng ta phi kh L
thay vo l Q.
M vi K = 16 th Q = (16)0.5L0.5 nn L = (Q/4)2. Thay L ny vo (*) ta c hm s chi ph vit theo Q:
TC = 80 + 4(Q/4)2 hay TC = 80 + 1/4Q2
b. Hy tnh sn phm trung bnh (APL) v sn phm bin ca lao ng (MPL) ti sn lng Q = 20.

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Vi Q = 20 th L phi l 25 ti K = 16. Do vy APL = Q/L = 20/25 = 4/5 = 0.8
MPL = Q/L = 0.54L-0.5 = 0.54(25)-0.5 = 0.54/5 = 0.4
c. Hy cho bit mc sn lng hin ti Q = 20 trn, nu cn thit thay i K sn xut c ti u
th nn tng hay gim K, v sao?
Mun bit thay i nh th no thi so snh t phn MPL/w v MPK/r.
MPL/W = 0.5/5
MPK = Q/K = 0.55K-0.5 = 0.55(16)-0.5 = 0.55/4
MPK/r = 0.5/4
Vy ti u ha sn xut th cn phi tng K v MPK/r > MPL/w
Cu 3: TH TRNG V S CAN THIP CA CHNH PH (4 im)
Gi s cung v cu ca th trng xe my c cho nh sau: P = 10 + Q v P = 50 3Q. Vi Q l lng
(nghn chic/nm) v P l gi (triu ng).
a. Hy tnh gi v lng cn bng ca th trng xe my.
Gii h P = 10 + Q v P = 50 3Q th c P* = 20 v Q* = 10
b. Nu chnh ph cho rng chnh xe my lm tc nghn giao thng v a ra chnh sch nhm hn ch
s dng xe my bng cch nh thu ln mi chic xe bn ra trn th trng l 4 triu ng. Khi
gi bn trn th trng s l bao nhiu?
Thu 4 triu l chnh lch gia gi ngi mua phi tr (PD) v gi ngi bn nhn c sau cng (PS).
Hay ni cch khc: (50 3Q) (10 + Q) = 4. Gii phng trnh ny c Q = 9 (tc l sn lng giao
dch trn th trng lc c thu). Lc tnh li PD gi ngi mua tr (v cng l gi th trng):
PD = 50 39 = 23.
c. Hy cho bit vi s thu trn th ngi tiu dng chu bao nhiu v nh sn xut/bn xe chu bao
nhiu?
So vi trc kia ngi mua tr vi gi l 20 m by gi c thu phi tr l 23, vy ngi tiu dng chu 3
triu tin thu trn mi chic xe h mua. Nhng phi ng thu n 4 triu, v vy 1 triu l phn thu m
nh sn xut/bn phi chu.
d. Tng s thu thu m chnh ph thu c mi nm t chnh sch trn l bao nhiu?
Hin nay giao dch trn th trng l Q = 9 (nghn chic/nm). Vy s thu m chnh ph thu c l
9.0004 (triu) = 36.000 (triu).