1

THE UNIVERSE IS CONTRACTING-BIG BANG THEORY IS WRONG

The Universe is Contracting, or the Volume Occupied by Galaxies in Outer

Space is Decreasing.
Abstract:
Galaxies are entities having rotational and displacing motion simultaneously, and their elliptical orbits share the
same center. The universe is contracting, in other words, the volume occupied by the galaxies in outer space is
decreasing. The galaxies travel on spiral trajectory acceleratingly, it means that galaxies “at the exterior of” Milky
Way march forward the Mother black hole slower than Milky Way, and galaxies “at the interior of” Milky Way
march forward the Mother black hole faster than Milky Way. This is why every faraway galaxies always march
away from Milk Way, and travel away from each other acceleratingly. The distances between themselves, and
between galaxies and the black hole at the center of Mother disc system of galaxies are decreased, and this
phenomenon agrees with the gravitation’s existence in galaxy, thus, it is impossible to say that galaxies occupy more
universal space. Consequently, Big Bang theory is found to be wrong as it did not question whether the universe
starts from a place where we are unable to observe from the Earth currently, and it could not explain the origin the
material that universe is made from, as well as the mechanism of the explosion, and which factors control the
spontaneous expansion between the products of this explosion.

Based on the direction-possessed mass1 and the itinerary the object having rotational and displacing motion
simultaneously travels on, it can be analyzed and concluded that the universe is contracting, and the contracting of
universe which contains Milky Way as the same as the contracting of a galaxy by all star systems decrease the their
distance to the center of their galaxy in flow of time. In other words, the volume occupied by the galaxies in the
outer space is decreasing as the same as the volume occupied by the star systems of a galaxy in the outer space is
decreasing.

1. Galaxy is an entity having rotational and displacing motion simultaneously:

Galaxy is a disk shaped object having rotational and displacing motion simultaneously because its star
systems orbit around the black hole at the center of galaxy, concurrently, the galaxies at the edge of the
universe is observed travelling away from each other; thus, galaxy is influenced by the effect occurring to
object having rotational and displacing motion simultaneously. Each galaxy responses to the effect
occurring to object having rotational and displacing motion simultaneously or to the Boomerang effect 2,
thus, each of them displaces itself on its own elliptical path. It is like the displacing motion of star systems
with their planets in a galaxy, the galaxies in the universe never displace themselves on straight lines as the
same as the heavenly bodies in a galaxy never displace themselves on straight. The galaxies in universe
which contains Milky Way share the same motion principle with the star systems orbiting around the black
hole at the center of galaxy; it means elliptical orbits of all galaxies share the same center.

                                                            
1
See Glossary 
2
 See Further reading 
1 Copyright: 2826/2009/QTG| Author: Nhan Huynh Cong
Translated into English: Uyen Huynh N.P (uhuynh@cm.utexas.edu)
  2

The below analysis can prove that it is impossible for the universe to expand, in other words, the spacial
volume occupied by the galaxies is impossibly increasing.

2. The analysis and conclusion of the contraction of the universe:

There is a conflict in the theory that the galaxy should have circular orbit, elliptical orbit, the orbit
composed of many continuous arches, or spiral orbit. According to the above section, galaxies are objects,
or entities, having rotational motion and displacing motion simultaneously, thus, it should obey the motion
principle of objects having rotational motion and displacing motion simultaneously with curved motion, or
motion principle of Boomerang effect3 but with more complicated motion. Galaxies travel on curved
trajectory; if each of them has their own orbit, galaxies near to the edge of the universe, where astronomical
observation can be made, will travel toward each other, or far away from each other randomly. However,
according to recent astronomical observation, these galaxies travel away from each other uniformly and
acceleratingly.

Due to the above discussed conflict, it is unconvinced to explain that galaxies occupy more universal space,
or to say that the universe is expanding like sesame seeds on a baking bread run away from each other
acceleratingly. There is an additional conflict between astronomical observation and the theory of the
expanding universe, the heavenly bodies surrounding the galactic black hole are successively “swallowed”
by that black hole. This “swallowing” observation shows that the heavenly bodies orbit about the black
hole spirally and displace themselves with accelerated speed as they approach nearer to the black hole. An
analogy of this effect is the motion of the bulky air volume containing water vapor inside a hurricane.
When this air volume is at the edge of the hurricane, it accelerates their speed to travel toward the
hurricane’s center, and finally it is condensed into water vapor at their final destination – around the center
of the hurricane. This occurrence is also accompanied with the decrease of pressure inside hurricane to
raise the potential energy fueling the hurricane, it means that the decrease in volume of that bulky air
volume is a part of the hurricane’s cycle. In the same manner, the star systems displace themselves
acceleratingly and on spiral orbits from the edge to the center of galaxy, and bring them nearer to the
galactic center; in other words, the distances among themselves and the black hole at the center of galaxy
are decreased, and this phenomenon agrees with the gravitation’s existence in galaxy. The systems of
heavenly bodies in a galaxy occupy less galactic space, thus, it is impossible to say that galaxies occupy
more universal space. It is important to discover why it is observed that the universe is expanding
acceleratingly and galaxies at the edge of the universe, where astronomical observation can be made, travel
away from each other acceleratingly.

3. The reason why there is observation of galaxies at the edge of the universe, where astronomical
observation can be made, travel away from each other acceleratingly and in different direction, and
the distance between galaxies at the edge of the universe and our Milky Way are increasing
acceleratingly as Doppler effect defines, though still agree with this research’s conclusion – the
universe is contracting:

It is because the most recent astronomical instrument can only observe a very tiny portion of the universe
which contains Milky Way.

The universal space contains the observed galaxies and a great number of undiscovered galaxies which
have the disk shape of the observed galaxies or the star systems. The observed galaxies travel on spiral
                                                            
3
 See Further reading 
2 Copyright: 2826/2009/QTG| Author: Nhan Huynh Cong
Translated into English: Uyen Huynh N.P (uhuynh@cm.utexas.edu)
  3

orbit about a giant black hole, which is the center of the observed galaxies as well as the undiscovered ones,
thus, it can be viewed that all galaxies gather on a disk alike galaxy’s disk shape, called “Mother disc
system of galaxies”, and the center of this disk is called “Mother black hole of the system of galaxies.” The
motion of galaxies surrounding the Mother black hole shares the same principles to the motion of heavenly
bodies orbiting about the galactic black hole at the center of galaxy, it means that the galaxies travel on
spiral orbit acceleratingly from the edge of the Mother disc system to the Mother black hole, thus the
geometrical distance between these galaxies is decreased.

The galaxy is generated from the convection currents exist in universal space, and these currents’ motions
have different senses and directions, thus, the random interaction between these currents give birth to the
galaxies of different equatorial directions; and these directions are also different from Mother disc system’s
equatorial direction. This occurrence is similar to the observation that the equatorial directions of star
systems are different from the equatorial direction of the galaxy. However, there are a majority of star
systems having their equatorial directions almost match with the galaxy’s. There is a principle in the galaxy
that the majority of star systems orbit in the same direction with the rotational direction of the galactic
black hole; there is very little or no star systems orbit in the opposite direction to the black hole’s. Also, a
star system has most of their planets rotate in the same direction with it, it is very rare to observe a planets
rotates in the opposite direction. This principle also control the orbiting motion of galaxies surrounding
Mother black hole.

In addition, the reason controlling the formation and maintaining the existence of matter in the universe is
the existence of the currents of particles with different equatorial directions of current’s orbits. It is because
the particles belongs to these currents interact awry to each other4 and compose into a system of particles.
Therefore, Mother disc system of galaxies is responsible to control and maintain the currents of particles
with different equatorial directions of current’s orbits. Consequently, these currents- controlled by Mother
disc system- can interact awry with the galaxies’ currents, which have their own orbit’s equatorial
direction, in order to give birth to and maintain the motion of matter.

Galaxies belonging to the Mother system of galaxies displace themselves on the spiral trajectories, and
their velocities are accelerated as they travel from the edge of Mother system to the Mother black hole.
Consequently, when a galaxy is chosen as frame of reference, e.g. Milky Way, all galaxies surrounding
Milky Way appear to accelerate away from Milky Way. It is because the galaxies travel on spiral trajectory
acceleratingly, it means that galaxies “at the exterior of” Milky Way march forward the Mother black hole
slower than Milky Way, and galaxies “at the interior of” Milky Way march forward the Mother black hole
faster than Milky Way, and this is also applicable to the galaxies by the side of Milky Way. This is why
every faraway galaxies, which are observed from Milky Way, always march away from Milk Way, and
travel away from each other acceleratingly.

The astronomical observation of the increased distance between galaxies at the edge of the universe is
crucial to make the scientific explanation which both agrees with this observation and the principle of the
motion of galaxies having rotational motion and displacing motion simultaneously.

Because galaxies all gather in the Mother disc system of galaxies, the universe is asymmetrical with the
population of galaxies is higher at the region near the Mother black hole and less at the edge of the
universe. Also, the universe might have more different layers as follow: many Mother disk systems of
galaxies, and each of them has rotational motion and displacing motion simultaneously, and may be few or
                                                            
4
 Please refer to the video demonstrating the rotating objects with different rotating axes on 
www.initialphysics.org   
3 Copyright: 2826/2009/QTG| Author: Nhan Huynh Cong
Translated into English: Uyen Huynh N.P (uhuynh@cm.utexas.edu)
  4

several billions of Mother disk systems displace themselves on spiral orbit around the “Grand Mother back
hole” at the center of Grand Mother disk system of Mother disk systems of galaxies. Apparently, the
portion of the universe observed from the Earth by astronomy is extremely much smaller - just only epsilon
size - than the total size of the universe. Also, the age of the real universe is a tremendous number, and the
13.7 billion estimated years old is also an extremely small number comparing to the real age of universe.

Consequently, the Big Bang theory is entirely wrong by saying that the universe is originated from an
explosion and expands as it grows spontaneously. This theory is wrong in the explanation of the origin and
movement of the universe. The Big Bang is not compatible with the gravitation existing in the universe,
and the expanding of universe is also not compatible with the contracting of galaxies or with the decreasing
of distance between the galaxy’s heavenly bodies and the center of that galaxy.

4-The reasons induce Big Bang theory to occur and the mistakes which Big Bang theory suffered
when it was born:

Big Bang theory followed the result of the Hubble law, but follow by the way without considered
inheriting; it did not make questions from different points of view. Since the birth of Big Bang theory, it
was automatically assigned as a “service theory” to bring together the observation that galaxies near the
edge of the universe travel away from each other acceleratingly, and the Hubble law stating that galaxies
travel away from the Earth with the velocity increasing proportionally to the distance. As Big Bang theory
originates from the two above observations, it “logically” and simply explain that currently, galaxies travel
away from each other acceleratingly, and then, it is reasoned that they were nearer to each other in the past,
and further, they all squeezed together in a dot, which Big Bang explained to explode and the “products” of
this explosion travel away from each other as time passed by and still happening. In addition, Big bang
theory conflicts with the gravitational force existing in universe, and conflicts with gravitation phenomenon
between galaxies and bring galactic matters, e.g. star systems, nearer to the center black hole of that galaxy
on a spiral trajectory, and finally they are swallowed by that black hole. This conflict shows a shortcoming
of Big Bang theory, in addition, it is wrong due to the following reasons:

o Big Bang theory repeats the mistake human made in pre-Copernicus era, the Geocentric model
views that the Earth is at the center of the universe and other heavenly bodies orbit about it, and
“humankind is at the center of the universe”. It is the conclusion about the nature of a system’s
motion made directly from the observation at only one position. It means that Big Bang establisher
and believer are consciously or unconsciously think that “we are at the center of the universe”. In
this manner, the universe was given birth in the area where we can observe only, and brought
about the conclusion that the universe’s size is only 13.7 billion light years and its age is just as
young as 13.7 billion light years old. Big Bang theory and current physics did not question
whether the universe starts from a place where we are unable to observe from the Earth currently.

o Big Bang theory definitely does not work well as it explains the universe has taken shape from an
extremely condensed dot; and an explosion of this dot gave birth to the universe. A theory cannot
be considered as a good theory if it originates from the unexplainable material and mechanism.
Big Bang theory is built from the materials whose origin is unknown and complicated at the initial
step, and it is also unknown to the mechanism of the explosion and which factors control the
spontaneous expansion between the products of this explosion. A theory is convincible when it is
established from the simplest material and mechanism. If a theory cannot satisfy these two factors
while it is found to be wrong, that theory unintentionally leads its establishers and followers to a
deluding path where they think the theory agrees with the nature, and the unexplained sides are
mystery and waiting to be discovered. However, following this deluding path will decrease the
4 Copyright: 2826/2009/QTG| Author: Nhan Huynh Cong
Translated into English: Uyen Huynh N.P (uhuynh@cm.utexas.edu)
  5

probability to discover and understand the true origin of the universe and how it was formed. In
conclusion, a theory being based on complicated material and mechanism might not reflect the
true nature and not a good theory.

o Big Bang theory does not realize the repeated pattern in nature where fundamental particles orbit
about a center, e.g electrons orbit about the atomic nuclei, a planet has its satellites orbit around to
form a rotating disc system, and the star systems orbit about the black hole at the center of the
galaxy to form a rotating disc system as well. This pattern is also repeated when galaxies orbit
about the Mother black hole to form a rotating Mother disc system of galaxies, and these repeated
pattern also occur with many upper layers.

o Big Bang theory actually does not solve any problems, its contribution is only to match the
astronomical observation with the Doppler effect interpreted from the far away galaxies’ signal. In
fact, the universe is contracting as discussed above. A theory can only reflect the true nature of
universe’s origin when its explanation reaches to the agreement between the origin of the universe
and the formation of the initial characteristics of fundamental particles, or matter. The origin of
the universe should consequently lead to the motion of the universe until now, and lead to the
characteristic of why fundamental particles has motional mass and gravitational mass, why
fundamental particles are in spherical shape, and have volume, why there are forces and
fundamental forces, and what is the role of fundamental particles in generating these forces, where
the energy maintaining the universe comes from, how the energy is stored and released from
matter, etc.

In conclusion, the understanding of the origin and mot of universe and matter determines whether
human can accelerate the “conquer” of the universe, or just hang themselves around at the same stage
because of the objective reason that the old theory’s shortcoming was not noticeable, or because of the
over idolization of the wrong theory.

Further reading:

 “Rolling in different direction” effect helps noticing the origin of fundamental’s spherical shape.
 Effect of the object having rotational and displacing motion simultaneously, and Effect of the asymmetrical
interaction helps recognizing the origin of gravitation, centrifugal inertia, accelerated inertia, and why
fundamental particles possess volume.
 Effect of the interaction of systems having non-parallel axes helps recognizing electromagnetic force, strong
interaction.
 “Rolling in different direction” effect, and Effects to Acknowledge the Origin of Inertia and Gravitation, and
the Movement of the Universe5 helps recognizing why fundamental particles has spherical shape, and the origin
of the universe which is formed from the simplest material and mechanism.

Please visit http://www.initialphysics.org for video version of this research’s experiments with many mechanic
effects to acknowledge the origins of electromagnetic force, strong interaction force, gravitational force, inertial
force, Boomerang force.…and the origin of universe at http://www.scribd.com/pc2mt by Vietnamese which are
updating and translating to English. Any comments and questions are very welcome to send to
info@initialphysics.org

                                                            
5
 http://www.scribd.com/doc/8950314/Effects-to-Acknowledge-the-Origin-of-Inertia-and-Gravitation-and-the-Movement-of-the-Universe  
5 Copyright: 2826/2009/QTG| Author: Nhan Huynh Cong
Translated into English: Uyen Huynh N.P (uhuynh@cm.utexas.edu)
  6

GLOSSARY
Direction-possessed mass is the mass occurs on an object or frame of reference at the moment it is studying. It can
be determined by a pendulum hanging inside an object or frame of reference, for example, direction-possessed mass
of an object under centrifugal effect points away from the center of its circular orbit. The direction-possessed mass
of a positive acceleration is opposite to the direction of object’s motion, and vice versa. The direction-possessed
mass of an object having rotational motion and displacing motion simultaneously points toward the edge of object
and this object rotate in the opposite direction with the displacing motion’s direction. Direction-possessed mass of
acceleration, gravitation, and of object having rotational and displacing motion simultaneously are addable to each
other.

“Rotational motion” is considered to be the primary motion of celestial bodies and fundamental particles rotating
on its axle. The phrase is used to avoid the mistaken of “spin” or “self-spinning” as there is no particle in the
universe that can rotate without a cause. When component particles making up the system of particles have closed
orbital motion, this kind of motion can be considered “rotational motion” if it is observed from the scale larger than
these component particles’ size; and the velocity of this rotational motion is the angular velocity of the closed orbital
motion of these component particles.

“Displacing motion” is the primary motion of an object to simply change its position no matter which path on
which the points on object travel. “Displacing motion” is the motion brings about the change in position of object’s
center without questioning about the state of object’s rotational motion nor the change in its direction at different
positions and moments. “Displacing motion” is used to distinguish itself with other movement having object’s
center changed along with other properties such as translational motion, precessional motion, central mass
movement, rotational movement, etc.

State of motion of an object or particle should include both rotational motion and displacing motion, because these
two kinds of motion always coordinate to result in physical phenomenon which cannot be caused by only rotational
motion or only displacing motion.

6 Copyright: 2826/2009/QTG| Author: Nhan Huynh Cong

Translated into English: Uyen Huynh N.P (uhuynh@cm.utexas.edu)