HinhOxy NguyenTrungNghia

Phng php ta trong mt phng
Gio vin: Nguyn Trung Ngha - THPT chuyn Quc Hc Hu 1

MC LC

Trang

Tm tt kin thc 2

Cc bi ton v im v ng thng 4

Cc bi ton v tam gic 6

Cc bi ton v hnh ch nht 13

Cc bi ton v hnh thoi 16

Cc bi ton v hnh vung 17

Cc bi ton v hnh thang, hnh bnh hnh 19

Cc bi ton v ng trn 21

Cc bi ton v ba ng conic 31

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TM TT KIN THC

1. Phng trnh ng thng
ng thng i qua im ( ) ;
o o
A x y v c VTCP ( ) ; u a b =
c PTTS l
= +
= +
o
o
x x at
y y bt
.
o o
A x y v c VTPT ( ) =
; n a b c PTTQ l ( ) ( ) + = 0
o o
a x x b y y .
ng thng i qua hai im ( ) ;
A A
A x y v ( ) ;
B B
B x y c phng trnh:

=

A A
B A B A
x x y y
x x y y
.
ng thng i qua hai im ( ) ;0 A a v ( ) 0; B b vi 0 a v 0 b c phng trnh: + =1
x y
a b
.
ng thng song song hoc trng vi Oy c phng trnh l ( ) + = 0 0 ax c a .
ng thng song song hoc trng vi Ox c phng trnh l ( ) + = 0 0 by c b .
ng thng i qua gc ta O c phng trnh l + = 0 ax by
( )
2 2
0 a b + .
nu (d) vung gc vi + + = ( ') : 0 d ax by c th (d) c phng trnh l + = 0 bx ay m .
nu (d) song song vi + + = ( ') : 0 d ax by c th (d) c phng trnh l ( ) + + = 0 ax by m m c .
ng thng c h s gc k c phng trnh l = + y kx b.
o o
A x y v c h s gc k c phng trnh l ( ) =
o o
y y k x x .
= + ( ) : d y kx b vung gc vi = + = ( ') : ' ' . ' 1 d y k x b k k .
= + ( ) : d y kx b song song vi = + = ( ') : ' ' ' d y k x b k k .

2. Khong cch v gc
khong cch t ( ) ;
o o
A x y n + + = ( ) : 0 ax by c tnh bi cng thc:
( )
+ +
=
+
2 2
,
o o
ax by c
d A
a b

M, N cng pha i vi ng thng + + = ( ) : 0 ax by c ( )( ) + + + + > 0
M M N N
ax by c ax by c
M, N khc pha i vi ng thng + + = ( ) : 0 ax by c ( )( ) + + + + < 0
M M N N
ax by c ax by c
cho hai ng thng + + = ( ) : 0 ax by c v + + = ( ') : ' ' ' 0 a x b y c th:
phng trnh hai ng phn gic ca cc gc to bi v ' l
+ + + +
=
+ +
2 2 2 2
' ' '
' '
ax by c a x b y c
a b a b

( )
+
=
+ +
2 2 2 2
' '
cos ; '
. ' '
aa bb
a b a b

+ = ' ' ' 0 aa bb .

3. ng trn
ng trn (C) tm ( ) ;
o o
T x y , bn knh R c phng trnh l ( ) ( ) + =
2 2
2
o o
x x y y R .
phng trnh + + + + =
2 2
2 2 0 x y ax by c vi + >
2 2
0 a b c l phng trnh ca mt ng trn
vi tm ( ) ; T a b v bn knh = +
2 2
R a b c .
cho ng thng + + = ( ) : 0 ax by c v ng trn (C) c tm ( ) ;
o o
T x y v bn knh R . Lc :
( ) tip xc (C) ( )
+ +
= =
+
2 2
;
o o
ax by c
d T R R
a b
.
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4. ng elip

x
y
F
2
F
1
O
M

nh ngha:
( ) { } = + =
1 2
| 2 E M MF MF a

Phng trnh chnh tc:
( ) ( ) + = < <
2 2
2 2
: 1 0
x y
E b a
a b

Tiu im: ( ) ( )
1 2
;0 , ;0 F c F c vi
2 2
c a b =
Tiu c: =
1 2
2 FF c
Bn knh qua tiu: = + =
1 2
;
c c
MF a x MF a x
a a

Tm sai: = <1
c
e
a

Trc ln l Ox, di trc ln: 2a
Trc b l Oy, di trc b: 2b
Ta cc nh: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ;0 , ;0 , 0; , 0; a a b b
5. ng hypebol

x
y
M(x;y)
F
2
(c;0) F
1
(-c;0)
O

nh ngha:
( ) { }
= =
1 2
| 2 H M MF MF a

Phng trnh chnh tc:
( ) ( ) = < <
2 2
2 2
: 1 0 ;0
x y
H a b
a b

Tiu im: ( ) ( )
1 2
;0 , ;0 F c F c vi
2 2
c a b = +
Tiu c: =
1 2
2 FF c
Bn knh qua tiu: = + =
1 2
;
c c
MF a x MF a x
a a

Tm sai: = >1
c
e
a

Trc thc l Ox, di trc thc: 2a
Trc o l Oy, di trc o: 2b
Phng trnh cc ng tim cn: =
b
y x
a

Ta cc nh: ( ) ( ) ;0 , ;0 a a
6. ng parabol

x
y
H
P F
O
M

nh ngha: ( ) ( ) { }
= = | , P M MF d M

Phng trnh chnh tc: ( ) ( ) = >
2
: 2 0 P y px p

Tiu im:
| |
|
\
;0
2
p
F
ng chuNn: + = 0
2
p
x
Bn knh qua tiu: = +
2
p
MF x
Ta nh: ( ) 0;0 O
*****
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CC BI TON V IM V NG THNG

B04: Cho hai im A(1; 1), B(4; 3). Tm im C thuc ng thng = 2 1 0 x y sao cho khong cch t
C n ng thng AB bng 6.
S: C C
1 2
43 27
(7;3), ;
11 11
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A06: Cho cc ng thng ln lt c phng trnh: + + = = =
1 2 3
: 3 0, : 4 0, : 2 0 d x y d x y d x y .
Tm to im M nm trn ng thng d
3
sao cho khong cch t M n ng thng d
1
bng hai ln
khong cch t M n ng thng d
2
.
S: M(22; 11), M(2; 1)
B11: Cho hai ng thng : 4 0 x y = v : 2 2 0 d x y = . Tm ta im N thuc ng thng d
sao cho ng thng ON ct ng thng ti im M tha mn . 8 OM ON = .
S: ( ) 0; 2 N hoc
6 2
;
5 5
N
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Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho ng thng : 2 2 0 d x y = v hai im A(0 ; 1) v B(3 ; 4). Tm ta
ca im M trn d sao cho
2 2
2MA MB + nh nht.
S: M(2 ; 0)
chuyn H Vinh: Cho hai im A(1 ; 2) v B(4 ; 3). Tm ta im M sao cho
o
135 AMB = v
khong cch t im M n ng thng AB bng
10
2
.
S: ( ) 0;0 M hoc ( ) 1;3 M
D10: Cho im A(0; 2) v l ng thng i qua O. Gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca A trn . Vit
phng trnh , bit khong cch t H n trc honh bng AH.
S: 2 ng :
( )
x y 5 1 2 5 2 0 =
B04(d b): Cho im I(2; 0) v hai ng thng d x y d x y
1 2
: 2 5 0, : 3 0 + = + = . Vit phng trnh
ng thng d i qua im I v ct hai ng thng d
1
, d
2
ln lt ti A, B sao cho IA IB 2 =

.
S: : 7 3 14 0 d x y + + =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho hai ng thng
1 2
: 1 0; : 2 1 0 d x y d x y + + = = . Lp phng trnh ng
thng d i qua ( ) 1; 1 M v ct
1 2
; d d ln lt ti A v B sao cho 2 MB MA =

.
S: : 1 d x =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho hai im ( ) ( ) 2;5 , 5;1 A B . Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua A sao cho
khong cch t B n d bng 3.
S: : 7 24 134 0 d x y + =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho im ( ) 3;4 M v hai ng thng
1
: 2 3 0 d x y = v
2
: 0 d x y = . Vit
phng trnh ng thng d i qua M ct
1
d ti A, ct
2
d ti B sao cho 2 MA MB = v im A c tung
dng.
chuyn Phan Bi Chu - Ngh An: Cho ba im A(1 ; 1), B(3 ; 2) v C(7 ; 10). Vit phng trnh
ng thng i qua A sao cho tng khong cch t B v C n l ln nht.
S: : 4 5 9 0 d x y + =
chuyn H Long - Qung Ninh: Cho tam gic ABC c nh A(0 ; 4), trng tm ( ) 4 / 3;2 / 3 G v trc
tm trng vi gc ta . Tm ta B, C bit
B C
x x < .
S: ( ) ( ) 1; 1 , 5; 1 B C
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ng Thc Ha - Ngh An - 2013: ( ) ( ) ( ) + =
2 2
: 1 2 10 C x y c tm l I. Vit phng trnh ng
thng d cch O mt khong bng 5 v ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho din tch tam gic
IAB ln nht.
S: = : 2 5 0 d x y
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2014: Cho hai ng thng + =
1
: 2 3 0 d x y v =
2
: 2 1 0 d x y ct nhau
ti. Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua O v ct
1 2
, d d ln lt ti A, B sao cho 2IA=IB.
S: = : 3 4 0 d x y hoc = : 0 d x
chuyn H Vinh - 2013: Cho hai ng thng = + =
1 2
: 2 0, : 2 2 0 d x y d x y . Gi I l giao im
ca
1 2
, d d . Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua M(-1;1) ct
1 2
, d d ln lt ti A, B sao cho AB = 3IA.
S: + = 0 x y hoc 7 6 0 x y + =
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp - 2014: Cho im A(0;2) v ng thng : 2 2 0. d x y + =
Tm trn d 2 im M, N sao cho tam gic AMN vung ti A v AM=2AN, bit honh v tung ca
N l nhng s nguyn.
S: M(2;2), N(0;1)
chuyn L T Trng - Cn Th - 2014: Cho im A(4;-7) v ng thng : 2 4 0 x y + = . Tm im
B trn sao cho c ng ba ng thng
1 2 3
, , d d d tha mn khong cch t A n
1 2 3
, , d d d u bng 4
v khong cch t B n
1 2 3
, , d d d u bng 6.
S: ( ) 2;1 B hoc
6 13
;
5 5
B
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*****

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CC BI TON V TAM GIC
1. Tam gic thng
1.1. Tm ta ca im
A04: Cho hai im A(0; 2) v ( ) 3; 1 B . Tm ta trc tm v ta tm ng trn ngoi tip ca
tam gic OAB.
S: ( ) ( )
H I 3; 1 , 3;1
B08: Hy xc nh to nh C ca tam gic ABC bit rng hnh chiu vung gc ca C trn ng
thng AB l im H(1; 1), ng phn gic trong gc A c phng trnh + = 2 0 x y v ng cao k
t B c phng trnh + = 4 3 1 0 x y .
S: C
10 3
;
3 4
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D10: Cho tam gic ABC c nh A(3; 7), trc tm l H(3; 1), tm ng trn ngoi tip l I(2; 0).
Xc nh to nh C, bit C c honh dng.
S: ( )
C 2 65;3 +
B11: Cho tam gic ABC c nh
1
;1
2
B
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. ng trn ni tip tam gic ABC tip xc vi cc cnh BC,
CA, AB tng ng ti cc im D, E, F. Cho D(3 ; 1) v ng thng EF c phng trnh 3 0 y = . Tm
ta nh A, bit A c tung dng.
S:
13
3;
3
A
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D11: Cho tam gic ABC c nh ( ) 4;1 B , trng tm ( ) 1;1 G v ng thng cha phn gic trong ca
gc A c phng trnh 1 0 x y = . Tm ta cc nh A v C.
S: ( ) ( ) 4;3 , 3; 1 A C
B13: Cho tam gic ABC c chn ng cao h t nh A l
17 1
;
5 5
H
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, chn ng phn gic trong ca
gc A l ( ) 5;3 D v trung im ca cnh AB l ( ) 0;1 M . Tm ta nh C.
S: ( ) 9;11 C
D13: Cho tam gic ABC c im ( ) 9 / 2;3/ 2 M l trung im ca cnh AB, im ( ) 2; 4 H v ( ) 1;1 I
ln lt l chn ng cao k t B v tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC. Tm ta nh C.
S: ( ) 1; 6 C
D03(d b): Cho tam gic ABC c nh A(1; 0) v hai ng thng ln lt cha cc ng cao v t B
v C c phng trnh tng ng l: x y x y 2 1 0, 3 1 0 + = + = . Tnh din tch tam gic ABC.
S: B C ( 5; 2), ( 1; 4) S 14 =
D04(d b): Cho im A(2; 3) v hai ng thng d x y d x y
1 2
: 5 0, : 2 7 0 + + = + = . Tm to cc im B
trn d
1
v C trn d
2
sao cho tam gic ABC c trng tm G(2; 0).
S: ( ) ( ) 1; 4 , 5;1 B C
A06(d b): Cho tam gic ABC c nh A thuc ng thng x y d : 4 2 0 = , cnh BC song song vi d.
Phng trnh ng cao BH: x y 3 0 + + = v trung im ca cnh AC l M(1; 1). Tm to cc nh A,
B, C.
S: A B C
2 2 8 8
; , ( 4;1), ;
3 3 3 3
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B06(d b): Cho tam gic ABC c nh A(2; 1), ng cao qua nh B c phng trnh x y 3 7 0 = v
ng trung tuyn qua nh C c phng trnh x y 1 0 + + = . Xc nh to cc nh B v C ca tam
gic.
S: B(2; 3), C(4; 5)
A07(d b): Cho tam gic ABC c trng tm G(2; 0), phng trnh cc cnh AB: x y 4 14 0 + + = , AC:
x y 2 5 2 0 + = . Tm to cc nh A, B, C.
S: A(4; 2), B(3; 2), C(1; 0)
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho tam gic ABC bit ba chn ng cao tng ng vi ba nh A, B, C ln lt
l ( ) ' 1;1 A , ( ) ' 2;3 B v ( ) ' 2;4 C . Vit phng trnh cnh BC.
S:
2 3 3 1 5 2
0
13 10 13 10 13 10
x
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+ + + =
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Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho tam gic ABC c : 5 2 7 0; : 2 1 0 AB x y BC x y + + = = . Phng trnh
ng phn gic trong gc A l 1 0 x y + = . Tm ta im C.
S:
11 4
;
3 3
C
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Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho tam gic ABC bit C(4 ; 3). ng phn gic trong v trung tuyn k t nh
A ca tam gic ln lt c phng trnh 2 5 0 x y + = v 4 13 10 x y + . Tm ta im B.
S: ( ) 12;1 B
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho tam gic ABC bit ( ) 1;1 A , trc tm H(1 ; 3), trung im ca cnh BC l
im M(5 ; 5). Xc nh ta cc nh B v C ca tam gic ABC.
ng Thc Ha - Ngh An: Cho tam gic ABC c : 2 3 0 d x y = l ng phn gic trong gc A.
Bit ( ) ( )
1 1
6;0 , 4;4 B C ln lt l hnh chiu vung gc ca B, C ln cc ng thng AC, AB. Xc
nh ta ca A, B, C.
S: ( )
21 21 31 1
1; 1 , ; , ;
4 4 4 4
A B C
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L Hng Phong - Thanh Ha:
1. Cho tam gic ABC c A(5 ; 2). Phng trnh ng trung trc on BC l 6 0 x y + = , trung
tuyn CC l 2 3 0 x y + = . Tm ta cc nh B, C.
2. Cho tam gic ABC c A(1 ; 5). Phng trnh : 2 6 0 BC x y = . Tm ng trn ni tip
I(1;0). Tm ta cc nh B, C.
S: 1. ( ) ( ) 23/ 5;55/ 3 , 28/ 3; 14 / 3 C B 2. ( ) ( ) 4; 1 , 4; 5 B C
chuyn H Vinh: Cho tam gic ABC c trng tm G(1 ; 1); : 2 1 0 d x y + = l phng trnh ca ng
cao k t nh A. Cc nh B, C thuc ng thng : 2 1 0 x y + = . Tm ta cc im A, B, C bit
tam gic ABC c din tch bng 6.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;3 , 3; 1 , 1;1 A B C hoc ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;3 , 3; 1 , 1;1 A C B
L Thi T - Bc Ninh: Cho tam gic ABC bit ng cao k t nh B v ng phn gic trong gc A
ln lt c phng trnh l
1 2
: 3 4 10 0; : 1 0 d x y d x y + + = + = . im M(0 ; 2) thuc ng thng AB
ng thi cch C mt khong bng 2 . Tm ta cc nh ca tam gic ABC.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 4;5 , 3; 1/ 4 , 1;1 A B C hoc ( ) 31/ 25;33/ 25 C
THPT Cu Xe: Cho tam gic ABC bit ng cao k t nh C v ng trung trc on BC ln lt
l 2 0;3 4 2 0 x y x y + = + = . im ( ) 4; 2 A . Tm ta cc nh B, C.
S: ( ) ( ) 1/ 4;9/ 4 , 7/ 4;1/ 4 B C
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THPT Triu Sn 4: Cho tam gic ABC bit ng cao k t nh A v ng phn gic trong gc B ln
lt c phng trnh l 2 2 0; 1 0 x y x y = = . Tm ta cc nh ca tam gic ABC, bit M(0 ; 2)
thuc ng thng AB v AB = 2BC.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 3;1/ 2 , 2;1 , 7/ 4;3/ 2 A B C
Qunh Lu 2 - Ngh An: Cho tam gic ABC c din tch bng 12 6 6 + , ( ) ( ) 2;0 , 4;0 A B , bn knh
ng trn ngoi tip bng 5. Tm ta im C bit tung ca C dng.
S:
( )
0;4 2 6 C + hoc
( )
2;4 2 6 C +
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp: Cho tam gic ABC c 5 AB = , ( ) 1; 1 C , ng thng
: 2 3 0 AB x y + = . Trng tm G thuc ng thng : 2 0 d x y + = . Tm ta ca A, B.
S: ( ) ( ) 4; 1/ 2 , 6; 3/ 2 A B hoc ( ) ( ) 4; 1/ 2 , 6; 3/ 2 B A
GSTT.VN - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC c M(0;-1) nm trn cnh AC. Bit AB=2AM, ng phn gic
trong gc A l : 0 d x y = , ng cao i qua nh C l ' : 2 3 0 d x y + + = . Tm ta cc nh ca tam
gic ABC.
S:
( ) ( )
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1
1;1 , 3; 1 , ; 2
2
A B C
ng Thc Ha - Ngh An - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC c
135
o
BAC = , ng cao : 3 10 0 BH x y + + = ,
trung im ca cnh BC l
1 3
;
2 2
M
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v trc tm H(0;-10). Bit tung ca im B m. Xc nh ta
cc nh ca tam gic ABC.
ng Thc Ha - Ngh An - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC c trc tm H, : 4 0 BC x y + = , trung im
ca cnh AC l M(0;3), ng cao AH ct ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC ti N(7;-1). Xc nh ta
cc nh ca tam gic ABC v vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic HBC.
chuyn L Qu n - Qung Tr - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC c trng tm G(1;2), im M(-2;1) nm
trn ng cao k t A. ng thng BC c phng trnh 1 0 x y = . Tm ta im B bit 0
B
x >
v din tch tam gic ABC bng 24.
S: B(7;6)
chuyn H Vinh - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC c A(-1;-3), B(5;1). im M nm trn on thng BC sao
cho MC=2MB. Tm ta im C bit rng MA = AC = 5 v ng thng BC c h s gc l mt s
nguyn.
S: C(-4;1)
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c A(1;2), trng tm G(1;1) v trc tm
2 10
;
3 3
H
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.
Tm ta hai nh B v C ca tam gic.
S: B(-1;0) v C(3;1)
Hng Quang - Hi Dng - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c din tch bng 2. Phng trnh ca ng
thng AB l 0 x y = . im M(2;1) l trung im ca cnh BC. Tm ta trung im N ca cnh AC.
S: B(3;2) v C(1;0)
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c nh C(5;1), M l trung im ca BC, im B thuc
ng thng : 6 0 d x y + + = . im N(0;1) l trung im ca AM, im D(-1;-7) khng nm trn ng
thng AM v khc pha vi A so vi ng thng BC, ng thi khong cch t A v D ti ng thng
BC bng nhau. Xc nh ta cc im A, B.
S: B(-3;-3) v A(-1;3)
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chuyn Nguyn nh Chiu - ng Thp - 204: Cho tam gic ABC c
( )
( ) ( ) 0;2 3 , 2;0 , 2;0 A B C v
BH l ng cao. Tm ta ca im M, N trn ng thng cha ng cao BH sao cho ba tam gic
MBC, NBC v ABC c chu vi bng nhau.
S:
8 24 3 24 6 3 8 24 3 24 6 3
; , ;
13 13 13 13
M N
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+ + +
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chuyn H Vinh - 204: Cho tam gic ABC c phng trnh ng thng cha ng cao k t B l
3 18 0 x y + = , phng trnh ng thng trung trc ca BC l 3 19 279 0. x y + = nh C thuc ng
thng : 2 5 0. d x y + = Tm ta nh A bit rng
135 .
o
BAC =
S: A(4;8)
chuyn L T Trng - Cn Th - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c H(1;1) l chn ng cao k t nh A.
im M(3;0) l trung im ca cnh BC v

. BAH HAM MAC = = Tm ta cc im A, B, C.
S:
( )
( ) ( ) 1 3;1 2 3 , 1;2 , 7; 2 A B C
HSP H Ni - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c AC>AB, C(6;0) v hai ng thng : 3 10 0 d x y = ,
: 3 3 16 0. x y + = Bit rng ng thng d cha ng phn gic trong ca gc A, ng thng
vung gc vi cnh AC v ba ng thng , d v trung trc ca cnh BC ng qui ti mt im.
S:
4 2
;
3 3
B
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chuyn H Vinh - 204: Cho tam gic ABC c M(2;1) l trung im cnh AC, im H(0;-3) l chn
ng cao k t A, im E(23;-2) thuc ng thng cha trung tuyn k t C. Tm ta im B bit
im A thuc ng thng : 2 3 5 0 d x y + = v im C c honh dng.
S: ( ) 3; 4 B
Nguoithay.vn - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c A(1;5), im B nm trn ng thng
1
: 2 1 0 d x y + + = v
chn ng cao h t nh B xung ng thng AC nm trn ng thng
2
: 2 8 0 d x y + = . Bit
M(3;0) l trung im ca cnh BC. Tm ta ca cc im B v C.
1.2. Vit phng trnh ng thng
D09: Cho tam gic ABC c M(2; 0) l trung im ca cnh AB. ng trung tuyn v ng cao qua
nh A ln lt c phng trnh l = = 7 2 3 0, 6 4 0 x y x y . Vit phng trnh ng thng AC.
S: AC x y : 3 4 5 0 + =
chuyn Phan Bi Chu - Ngh An: Cho tam gic ABC c trc tm ( ) 1;4 H , tm ng trn ngoi
tip l ( ) 3;0 I v trung im ca cnh BC l ( ) 0; 3 M . Vit phng trnh ng thng AB bit B c
honh dng.
S: : 3 7 49 0 AB x y + =
chuyn H Ni - Amsterdam: Cho tam gic ABC v im ( ) 0; 1 M . Phng trnh ng phn gic
trong ca gc A v ng cao k t C ln lt l 0; 2 3 0 x y x y = + + = . ng thng AC i qua M v
AB = 2AM. Vit phng trnh cnh BC.
S: : 2 5 11 0 BC x y + + =
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC c C(5;4), ng thng : 2 11 0 d x y + = i qua A v
song song vi BC, ng phn gic trong AD c phng trnh 3 9 0 x y + = . Vit phng trnh cc cnh
cn li ca tam gic ABC.
S: + = + = + = : 2 13 0, : 2 3 0, : 2 4 0 AC x y BC x y AB x y
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Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c A(-1;3), trng tm G(2;2). Bit im B, C ln lt l
thuc cc ng thng : 3 3 0 d x y + = v ' : 1 0 d x y = . Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua A
c h s gc dng sao cho tng khong cch t B v C n l ln nht.
S: + = : 3 6 0 x y
chuyn Nguyn nh Chiu - ng Thp - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c phng trnh ng cao AH l
3 3. x = Phng trnh ng phn gic trong gc
ABC,
ACB ln lt l 3 x y , 3 6 3 0. x y + =
Bn knh ng trn ni tip tam gic ABC bng 3. Vit phng trnh cc cnh ca tam gic ABC, bit
nh A c tung dng.
S: : 3 18 0, : 0, : 3 0 AC y x BC y AB y x + = = =
2. Tam gic cn
2.1. Tm ta ca im
B03: Cho tam gic ABC c = , AB AC

= 90
o
BAC . Bit M(1; 1) l trung im cnh BC v ( ) 2/ 3; 0 G l
trng tm tam gic ABC. Tm ta cc nh A, B, C.
S: A(0; 2), B(4; 0), C(2; 2)
B09: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c nh A(1; 4) v cc nh B, C thuc ng thng : = 4 0 x y .
Xc nh to cc im B v C, bit din tch tam gic ABC bng 18.
S: B C
11 3 3 5
; , ;
2 2 2 2
| | | |
| |
\ \
hoc B C
3 5 11 3
; , ;
2 2 2 2
| | | |
| |
\ \

A10: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c nh A(6; 6); ng thng i qua trung im ca cc cnh AB v
AC c phng trnh + = 4 0 x y . Tm to cc nh B v C, bit im E(1; 3) nm trn ng cao i
qua nh C ca tam gic cho.
S: B(0; 4), C(4; 0) hoc B(6; 2), C(2; 6)
A05(d b): Cho tam gic ABC cn ti nh A c trng tm G
4 1
;
3 3
| |
|
\
, phng trnh ng thng BC l
x y 2 4 0 = v phng trnh ng thng BG l x y 7 4 8 0 = .Tm ta cc nh A, B, C.
S: A(0; 3), B(0; 2), C(4; 0)
chuyn L T Trng - Cn Th: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti B, c : 3 2 3 0 AB x y = . Tm ng
trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC l I(0 ; 2). im B thuc trc Ox. Tm ta im C.
S:
( )
3 1;1 3 C
Qunh Lu 1 - Ngh An: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c : 2 2 0; : 2 1 0 AB x y AC x y + = + + = , im
M(1 ; 2) thuc on BC. Tm ta im D sao cho . DB DC

nh nht.
S: D(0 ; 3)
Nguyn c Mu - Ngh An: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A, nh B thuc : 4 2 0 d x y = , cnh AC
song song vi d. ng cao k t nh A c phng trnh 3 0 x y + + = , im M(1 ; 1) nm trn AB. Tm
ta cc nh ca tam gic ABC.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 0; 3 , 2 / 3; 1/ 3 , 8 / 3; 11/ 3 A B C
chuyn Phan Bi Chu - Ngh An - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A. Gi D l trung im ca AB.
Bit rng
11 5
;
3 3
I
| |
|
\
v
13 5
;
3 3
| |
|
\
E ln lt l tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC, trng tm tam
gic ADC. Cc im M(3;-1), N(-3;0) ln lt thuc cc ng thng DC, AB. Tm ta cc im A,
B, C bit A c tung dng.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 7;5 , 1;1 , 3; 3 A B C
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chuyn H Vinh - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A, c trc tm H(-3;2). Gi D, E l chn ng cao
k t B v C. Bit rng im A thuc ng thng : 3 3 0 d x y = , im F(-2;3) thuc ng thng DE
v HD=2. Tm ta im A.
S: ( ) 3;0 A
Lng Th Vinh - H Ni - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A. Gi N l trung im ca AB. Gi E v
F ln lt l chn ng cao h t cc nh B, C ca tam gic ABC. Tm ta ca nh A bit rng
E(7;1),
11 13
;
5 5
F
| |
|
\
v phng trnh ng thng CN l 2 13 0. x y + =
S: ( ) 7;9 A
B06(d b): Cho tam gic ABC cn ti B, vi A(1; 1), C(3; 5). im B nm trn ng thng
d x y : 2 0 = . Vit phng trnh cc ng thng AB, BC.
S: AB: x y 23 24 0 = , BC: x y 19 13 8 0 + =
1
: 2 1 0 d x y + = v
2
: 2 7 0 d x y + = . Lp phng trnh
ng thng i qua gc ta O v to vi
1 2
; d d mt tam gic cn c y thuc ng thng .
S:
1
18
3 8 0;
5
x y S + = = hoc
2
32
3 6 0;
5
x y S + = =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A. Bit : 2 1 0; : 4 3 0 AB x y BC x y + = + + = . Vit
phng trnh ng cao k t nh B ca tam gic ABC.
S: 31 22 9 0 x y + =
1 2
: 3 3 0; : 3 3 2 0 d x y d x y = + = ct nhau ti
A. Lp phng trnh ng thng d ct
1 2
; d d ln lt ti B v C sao cho tam gic ABC u c din tch
bng 3 3 .
3. Tam gic vung
3.1. Tm ta ca im
A02: Xt tam gic ABC vung ti A, phng trnh ng thng BC l = 3 3 0 x y , cc nh A v B
thuc trc honh v bn knh ng trn ni tip bng 2. Tm ta trng tm G ca tam gic ABC.
S: G
1
7 4 3 6 3
;
3 3
| |
+ +
|
|
\
, G
2
4 3 1 6 2 3
;
3 3
| |

|
|
\

D04: Cho tam gic ABC c cc nh A(1; 0), B(4; 0), C(0; m) vi 0 m . Tm ta trng tm G ca tam
gic ABC theo m. Xc nh m tam gic GAB vung ti G.
S:
m
G m 1; , 3 6
3
| |
=
|
\

B07: Cho im A(2; 2) v cc ng thng: + = + =
1 2
: 2 0, : 8 0 d x y d x y . Tm to cc im B
v C ln lt thuc d
1
v d
2
sao cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A.
S: B(1; 3), C(3; 5) hoc B(3; 1), C(5; 3)
D04(d b): Cho tam gic ABC vung A. Bit A(1; 4), B(1; 4), ng thng BC i qua im K
7
; 2
3
| |
|
\
.
Tm to nh C.
S: ( ) 3;5 C
D07(d b): Cho im A(2; 1). Trn trc Ox, ly im B c honh
B
x 0 , trn trc Oy, ly im C c
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tung
C
y 0 sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti A. Tm cc im B, C sao cho din tch tam gic ABC
ln nht.
S: B(0; 0), C(0; 5)
D07(d b): Cho cc im A(0; 1), B(2; 1) v cc ng thng
+ + =
1
: ( 1) ( 2) 2 0 d m x m y m , + + =
2
: (2 ) ( 1) 3 5 0 d m x m y m
Chng minh d
1
v d
2
lun ct nhau. Gi P l giao im ca d
1
v d
2
. Tm m sao cho PA + PB ln nht.
S: Ch : PA PB PA PB B
2 2 2 2
( ) 2( ) 2A 16 + + = = . Do max(PA+PB)=4 khi P l trung im ca
cung AB. Khi P(2; 1) hay P(0; 1) m = 1 hoc m = 2.
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A. ng thng : 4 3 4 0 BC x y = . Cc nh A, B
thuc trc honh v din tch tam gic ABC bng 6. Tm ta trng tm G ca tam gic ABC.
Ton hc & Tui tr -2012: Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, cc nh A, B thuc trc honh v din
tch tam gic ABC bng 6. ng thng BC c phng trnh l 4 3 4 0 x y = . Tm ta trng tm G
ca tam gic ABC.
S:
| | | |

| |
\ \
4 4
3; , 1;
3 3
G G
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp: Cho ( ) 1;2 A v ng thng : 2 3 0 d x y + = . Tm trn d
hai im B v C sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti C v AC = 3BC.
S:
3 6
;
5 5
C
| |
|
\
v
13 16
;
15 15
B
| |
|
\
hoc
1 4
;
3 3
B
| |
|
\

chuyn H Ni - Amsterdam: Cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A . ng thng : 7 31 0 BC x y + =
. im
5
1;
2
N
| |
|
\
thuc ng thng AC, im ( ) 2; 3 M thuc ng thng AB. Xc nh ta cc nh
ca tam gic ABC.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;1 , 4;5 , 3;4 A B C
Nguoithay.vn - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A c I l trung im ca cnh BC. Gi M l
trung im ca IB v N l im nm trn on thng IC sao cho NC=2NI. Bit rng
11
; 4
2
M
| |
|
\
, phng
trnh ng thng AN l 2 0 x y = v im A c honh m. Tm ta cc nh ca tam gic
ABC.
B10: Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, c nh C(4; 1), phn gic trong gc A c phng trnh
+ = 5 0 x y . Vit phng trnh ng thng BC, bit din tch tam gic ABC bng 24 v nh A c
honh dng.
S: BC: x y 3 4 16 0 + =

*****

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CC BI TON V HNH CH NHT

1. Tm ta ca im
B02: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c tm
| |
|
\
1
I ; 0
2
, phng trnh ng thng AB l x 2y + 2 = 0 v AB =
2AD. Tm ta cc nh A, B, C, D bit rng nh A c honh m.
S: A(2; 0), B(2; 2), C(3; 0), D(1; 2)
D12: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD. Cc ng thng AC v AD ln lt c phng trnh l 3 0 x y + = v
4 0 x y + = . ng thng BD i qua im ( ) 1/ 3;1 M . Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3;1 , 3; 1 , 1;3 , 1; 3 A C D B
A13: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c im C thuc ng thng : 2 5 0 d x y + + = v ( ) 4;8 A . Gi M l
im i xng ca B qua C, N l hnh chiu vung gc ca B trn ng thng MD. Tm ta cc
im B, C bit rng ( ) 5; 4 N .
S: ( ) ( ) 1; 7 , 4; 7 C B
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD bit : 2 1 0; : 7 14 0 AB x y BD x y = + = . ng
cho AC i qua im M(2 ; 1). Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;0 , 7;3 , 6;5 , 0;2 A B C D
Lng 4 - Ngh An: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 12, tm I thuc ng thng
: 3 0 d x y = v
9
2
I
x = , trung im ca mt cnh l giao im ca d v trc Ox. Tm ta cc nh
ca hnh ch nht.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;1 , 5;4 , 7;2 , 4; 1 A B C D
Nguyn c Mu - Ngh An: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 16, phng trnh ng
thng : 3 0 AB x y + = , im I(1 ; 2) l giao im ca hai ng cho. Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch
nht.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;5 , 2;1 , 0; 1 , 4;3 A B C D hoc ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;5 , 2;1 , 0; 1 , 4;3 B A D C
Lng Th Vinh - H Ni - 2012: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 12, tm
9 3
;
2 2
I
| |
|
\
v trung
im ca cnh AD l M(3;0). Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;1 , 5;4 , 7;2 , 4; 1 A B C D
ng Thc Ha - Ngh An - 2013: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c cc cnh AB, DA tip xc vi ng
trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 2 3 4 C x y + + = , ng cho AC ct (C) ti cc im
16 23
;
5 5
| |
|
\
M v N thuc trc Oy.
Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht ABCD, bit im A c honh m, im D c honh dng
v din tch tam gic AND bng 10.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4;5 , 4;0 , 6;0 , 6;5 A B C D
chuyn HKHTN H Ni - 2013: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 12. Tm I ca hnh ch
nht l giao im ca hai ng thng
1
: 3 0 d x y = v
2
: 6 0 d x y + = . trung im ca mt cnh l
giao im ca
1
d vi trc honh. Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht ABCD.
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 6, ng
cho : 2 9 0 AC x y + = . im M(0;4) nm trn cnh BC, ng thng CD i qua im N(2;8). Tm ta
cc nh ca hnh ch nht ABCD bit nh C c tung l mt s nguyn.
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S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3;3 , 2;2 , 1;5 , 0;6 A B C D
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c hai nh B, C thuc
trc tung. ng cho : 3 4 16 0 AC x y + = . Bn knh ng trn ni tip tam gic ACD bng 1. Tm
ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4;1 , 0;1 , 0;4 , 4;4 A B C D hoc ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4;7 , 0; 7 , 0;4 , 4;4 A B C D
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 48, nh
D(-3;2). ng phn gic ca gc
BAD c phng trnh 7 0 x y + = . Tm ta nh B bit im A

c honh dng.
S: ( ) 5;8 B
Hng Quang - Hi Dng - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c nh C(3;-1). Gi M l trung im ca
cnh BC, ng thng DM c phng trnh 1 0 y = . Bit nh A thuc ng thng : 5 7 0 d x y + =
v im D c honh m. Tm ta cc nh A v D.
S: ( )
2
;5 , 2;1
5
A D
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|
\

S GD&T Bc Ninh - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c : 2 1 0 AD x y + = , im I(-3;2) thuc BD sao
cho 2 IB ID =

. Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht bit 0
D
x > v 2 AD AB = .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 5;11 , 11;8 , 5; 4 , 1; 1 A B C D
S GD&T Bc Ninh - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c AD = 2AB. Gi M, N ln lt l trung im
ca AD, BC. Trn ng thng MN ly im K sao cho N l trung im ca ca MK. Tm ta cc
nh ca hnh ch nht bit K(5;-1), : 2 3 0 AC x y + = v 0
A
y > .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;1 , 3;1 , 3; 3 , 1; 3 A B C D
Can Lc - H Tnh - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c AB = 2AD. Gi N l trung im ca cnh BC,
M l im thuc cnh CD sao cho DC=4DM. Bit ta M(1;2), phng trnh ng thng AN l
4 5 0. x y + = Tm ta nh A bit 0, 5
A
x < .
S: ( ) 1;1 A
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c B(1;1). Trng tm ca tam gic ABC nm
trn ng thng : 3 2 0. d x y = im N(4;6) l trung im ca cnh CD. Tm ta nh A.
S: ( )
9 57
1;3 , ;
5 5
A A
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|
\

Nguoi thay.vn - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c hai im E, F ln lt nm trn cc cnh AB, AD
sao cho EB=2EA, FA=3FD. Bit rng F(2;1), phng trnh ng thng CE l 3 9 0 x y = , tam gic
CEF vung ti F v im C c honh dng. Tm ta cc nh ca hnh ch nht ABCD.
Nguoi thay.vn - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 30 v nh B nm trn ng thng
: 2 2 0 d x y = . Trung im ca AB l M(4;3) v im N(1;-3) nm trn ng thng CD. Tm ta
cc nh ca hnh ch nht ABCD, bit im B c tung dng.
Nguoi thay.vn - 2014: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 30 v hai im M(1;4), N(-4;-1) ln
lt nm trn cc ng thng AB, AD. Phng trnh ng cho AC l 7 4 13 0. x y + = Tm ta
cc nh ca hnh ch nht ABCD bit im A v D u c honh m.
2. Vit phng trnh ng thng
A09: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c im I(6; 2) l giao im ca hai ng cho AC v BD. im M(1;
5) thuc ng thng AB v trung im E ca cnh CD thuc ng thng : + = 5 0 x y . Vit phng
trnh ng thng AB.
S: y x y 5 0, 4 19 0 = + =

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Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho hnh ch nht, hai ng cho ln lt c phng trnh l + =
1
: 7 4 0 d x y
+ =
2
; : 2 0 d x y . Vit phng trnh ng thng cha cnh ca hnh ch nht bit n i qua im
( ) 3;5 M .
S: 3 12 0 x y = hoc 3 14 0 x y + =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 6, : 2 12 0 BD x y + = . ng thng
AB i qua im M(5 ; 1), ng thng BC i qua N(9 ; 3). Vit phng trnh cc cnh ca hnh ch nht,
bit im B c honh ln hn 5.
S: : 6 0; : 6 0; : 0; : 8 0 AB x y BC x y AD x y CD x y + = = = + =
hoc : 6 0; : 6 0; : 12 0; : 4 0 AB x y BC x y AD x y CD x y + = = = + =

*****

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CC BI TON V HNH THOI

1. Tm ta ca im
Lng Ti 2 - Bc Ninh: Cho ABCD l hnh thoi vi AC = 2BD, tm I(2 ; 1). im ( ) 0;1/ 3 M thuc
ng thng AB, im N(0 ; 7) thuc ng thng CD. Tm ta nh B bit B c honh dng.
S: ( ) 1; 1 B
chuyn Quc Hc Hu: Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho hnh thoi ABCD c AC = 2BD. Bit
ng thng AC c phng trnh 2 1 0 x y = ; nh ( ) 3;5 A v im B thuc ng thng
+ = : 1 0 d x y . Tm ta cc nh B, C, D ca hnh thoi ABCD.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;2 , 3;0 , 1; 3 B D C hoc ( )
13 4 13 31
3; 2 , ; , ;
5 5 5 5
B D C
| | | |

| |
\ \

Thun Thnh 3 - Bc Ninh - 2014: Cho hnh thoi ABCD c phng trnh cnh BD l 0 x y = , ng
thng AB i qua im
( )
1; 3 P , ng thng CD i qua
( )
2; 2 3 Q . Tm ta cc nh ca hnh
thoi, bit AB AC = v im B c honh ln hn 1.
S:
( )
( )
( )
( ) 1 3; 3 1 , 2;2 , 3 1; 1 3 , 4; 4 A B C D
Lng Giang 1 - Bc Giang: Cho hnh thoi ABCD c phng trnh cnh AC l 7 31 0 x y + = , hai nh
B, D ln lt thuc cc ng thng + =
1
: 8 0 d x y v + =
2
: 2 3 0 d x y . Tm ta cc nh ca hnh
thoi bit din tch ca hnh thoi bng 75 v nh A c honh m.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 10;3 , 0;8 , 11;6 , 1;1 A B C D
GSTT.VN - 2013: Cho hnh thoi ABCD bit : 3 1 0; : 5 0 AB x y BD x y + + = + = . ng thng AD i
qua im M(1;2). Tm ta cc nh ca hnh thoi.
S: ( ) ( ) 4;1 , 0;5 B D
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2014: Cho hnh thoi ABCD c : 1 0 AC x y + = . im E(9;4) nm trn ng
thng AB, im F(-2;-5) nm trn ng thng CD v 2 2 AC = . Xc nh ta A, B, C, D bit im
C c honh m.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0;1 , 3;0 , 2;3 , 1;4 A B C D
Cho hnh thoi ABCD c tm I(3;3) v AC = 2BD. im
4
2;
3
M
| |
|
\
thuc ng thng AB, im
13
3;
3
N
| |
|
\
thuc ng thng CD. Vit phng trnh ng thng BD bit 3
B
x < .
S GD&T Bc Ninh - 2014: Cho hnh thoi ABCD c
60
o
ABC = , ng trn (C) c tm I bn knh R=2
tip xc vi tt c cc cnh ca hnh thoi (tip xc vi AB v CD ln lt ti M v N, tung ca I
dng). Bit phng trnh ng thng : 3 1 0 MN x y + = , ng thng AD khng vung gc vi
trc tung v i qua im P(3;0). Vit phng trnh ng thng AB, AD.
S: : 3 4 5 3 0; : 3 3 3 0 AB x y AD x y + = + =

*****

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CC BI TON V HNH VUNG

1. Tm ta ca im
A05: Cho hai ng thng =
1
: 0 d x y v + =
2
: 2 1 0 d x y . Tm to cc nh hnh vung ABCD bit
rng nh A thuc d
1
, nh C thuc d
2
v cc nh B, D thuc trc honh.
S: A(1; 1), B(0; 0), C(1; 1), D(2; 0) hoc A(1; 1), B(2; 0), C(1; 1), D(0; 0)
A12: Cho hnh vung ABCD. Gi M l trung im ca cnh BC, N l im trn cnh CD sao cho
CN = 2ND. Gi s
11 1
;
2 2
M
| |
|
\
v ng thng : 2 3 0 AN x y = . Tm ta im A.
S: ( ) ( ) 1; 1 , 4;5 A A
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho ba ng thng
1 2
: 3 4 4 0; : 6 0 d x y d x y = + = v
3
: 3 0 d x = . Tm
ta cc nh ca hnh vung ABCD bit A, C thuc
3
d , B thuc
1
d v C thuc
2
d .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3;3 , 2;2 , 1;3 , 4;2 A B C D hoc ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;3 , 2;2 , 3;3 , 4;2 A B C D
chuyn Vnh Phc: Cho hnh vung ABCD c M l trung im ca cnh BC, phng trnh ng thng
: 2 0 DM x y = v ( ) 3; 3 C . Bit nh A thuc ng thng : 3 2 0 d x y + = . Tm ta cc im A,
B, D.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;5 , 3; 1 , 5;3 A B D
T K - Hi Dng: Cho hnh vung ABCD c ( ) 2;6 A , nh B thuc : 2 6 0 d x y + = . Gi M, N ln
lt l hai im trn hai cnh BC, CD sao cho BM = CN. Bit AM ct BN ti
2 14
;
5 5
I
| |
|
\
. Xc nh ta
im C.
S: C(0 ; 0) hoc C(4 ; 8)
Lng 4 - Ngh An: Cho hnh vung ABCD c tm
3 1
;
2 2
I
| |
|
\
. Cc ng thng AB, CD ln lt i
qua ( ) 4; 1 M , ( ) 2; 4 N . Tm ta cc nh ca hnh vung bit im B c honh m.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;3 , 1;1 , 1; 2 , 4;0 A B C D
chuyn H Long - Qung Ninh: Cho hnh vung ABCD c nh C(1 ; 2). Gi M l trung im ca BC.
ng thng DM c phng trnh 2 7 0 x y + = . nh A thuc ng thng : 5 0 d x y + = . Tm ta
A, B, D.
S: ( )
1 17 1 15
1;6 , ; , ;
2 4 2 4
A B D
| | | |

| |
\ \

ng Thc Ha - Ngh An: Cho hnh vung ABCD c nh A thuc : 4 0 d x y = . ng thng
BC, CD ln lt i qua M(4 ; 0) v N(0 ; 2). Bit tam gic AMN cn ti A, xc nh ta cc nh ca
hnh vung.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 5 , 2; 2 , 1; 1 , 2; 4 A B C D hoc ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 5 , 5; 3 , 3;3 , 3;1 A B C D
S GD&T Vnh Phc: Cho ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 2 3 10 C x y + = ni tip hnh vung ABCD. Xc nh ta
cc nh ca hnh vung bit ng thng cha cnh AB i qua im M(-3;-2) v im A c honh
dng.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 6;1 , 0; 1 , 2;5 , 4;7 A B C D
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chuyn Quc Hc Hu - 2014: Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho hnh vung ABCD. Gi M, N
ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh AB v CD. Bit rng
1
; 2
2
M
| |
|
\
v ng thng BN c phng trnh
2 9 34 0 x y + = . Tm ta cc im A v B bit rng im B c honh m.
S: ( ) ( ) 1;4 , 0;0 B A
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD c A(2;-4), nh C thuc
ng thng : 3 2 0 d x y + + = . ng thng : 2 0 DM x y = vi M l trung im ca AB. Tm ta
cc nh B, C, D ca hnh vung, bit im C c honh m.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 4; 2 , 2;4 , 4;2 B C D
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD c : 3 0 BD x y + = , im M(-1;2) thuc ng
thng AB, im N(2;-2) thuc ng thng AD. Xc nh ta cc nh ca hnh vung bit 0
B
x > .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;2 , 1;2 , 1;1 , 2;1 A B C D
Tnh Gia 1 - Thanh Ha - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD c D(5;1). Gi M l trung im ca BC, N l
im thuc ng cho AC sao cho AC=4AN. Tm ta im C bit phng trnh ng thng MN l
3 4 0 x y = v M c tung dng.
S: C(5;5)
ng Thc Ha - Ngh An - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD. Gi E l trung im ca cnh AD,
11 2
;
5 5
H
| |
|
\
l hnh chiu vung gc ca B ln CE v
3 6
;
5 5
H
| |
|
\
l trung im ca on BH. Xc nh
ta ca cc nh ca hnh vung ABCD bit im A c honh m.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;2 , 1; 2 , 3; 2 , 3;2 A B C D
chuyn Lng Th Vinh - ng Nai - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD c A(1;1), AB=4. Gi M l trung
im cnh BC, im
9 3
;
5 5
H
| |
|
\
l hnh chiu vung gc ca D ln AM. Tm ta cc nh cn li ca
hnh vung bit 2.
B
x <
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 3 , 5; 3 , 5;1 B C D
Nguoithay.vn - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD c M(2;2) l trung im ca cnh AB, ng thng i qua
nh C v trung im ca cnh AD c phng trnh l 7 46 0. x y + = Xc nh ta cc nh ca hnh
vung ABCD bit im C tung m.
Cho hnh vung ABCD bit cc im ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;1 , 4; 2 , 2;0 , 1; 2 M N P Q ln lt thuc cc cnh AB,
BC, CD, DA. Vit phng trnh cc cnh ca hnh vung ABCD.
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD c nh A thuc ng thng : 4 0 d x y = ,
ng thng BC i qua im M(4;0), ng thng CD i qua im N(0;2) v tam gic AMN cn ti A.
Vit phng trnh ng thng BC.
S: : 3 4 0 BC x y = hoc : 3 12 0 BC x y + =

*****

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CC BI TON V HNH THANG, HNH BNH HNH

1. Tm ta ca im
B13: Cho hnh thang cn ABCD c hai ng cho vung gc vi nhau v AD = 3BC. ng thng BD
c phng trnh 2 6 0 x y + = v tam gic ABD c trc tm ( ) 3; 2 H . Tm ta cc nh C v D.
S: ( ) 1;6 C v ( ) 4;1 D hoc ( ) 8;7 D
chuyn Vnh Phc: Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c din tch bng 4. Bit ( ) ( ) 2;0 , 3;0 A B v giao im I
ca hai ng cho AC v BD nm trn ng thng : d y x = . Tm ta ca C v D.
S: ( ) ( ) 3;4 , 2;4 C D hoc ( ) ( ) 5; 4 , 6; 4 C D
Yn Kh - Ph Th: Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c A(1 ; 2), : 2 1 0 BD x y + + = . Gi M l mt im
nm trn ng thng AD sao cho A nm gia M v D, AM = AC. ng thng : 1 0 MC x y + = . Tm
ta cc nh cn li ca hnh bnh hnh.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1/ 2; 2 , 7;8 , 13/ 2;12 B C D
GSTT.VN - 2013: Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c A(1;5). im H(1;3) l hnh chiu vung gc ca B
trn AC v ng trung trc ca BC c phng trnh 4 5 0 x y + = . Tm ta cc im B, C, D.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 6 , 4; 2 , 1; 3 B C D
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp - 2013: cho hnh thang ABCD vi hai y l AB v CD, bit
B(3;3), C(5;-3). Giao im I ca hai ng cho nm trn ng thng : 2 3 0 d x y + = v CI = 2BI.
Xc nh ta ca im A v im D bit tam gic ACB c din tch bng 12, 0; 0
A I
x x < > .
S: ( ) ( ) 1;3 , 3; 3 A D
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho hnh thang vung ABCD vung ti A v D c AB AD CD = <
( ) , 1; 2 B , ng thng BD c phng trnh 2 0 y = . Bit ng thng : 7 25 0 d x y = ct cc on
thng AD, CD ln lt ti hai im M, N sao cho BM vung gc vi BC v tia BN l tia phn gic ca
gc
MBC . Tm ta im D bit D c honh dng.

S GD&T Bc Ninh - 2014: Cho hnh thang vung ABCD vung ti A(1;1) v B. Trn cnh AB ly
im M sao cho BM = 2AM, im N(1;4) l hnh chiu vung gc ca M trn ng thng CD. Tm ta
cc nh B, C, D bit CM vung gc vi DM, im B thuc ng thng : 2 0 d x y + = .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;4 , 1;5 , 3;3 B C D
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2013: Cho hnh thang cn ABCD c AB=2CD. Phng trnh cc ng
thng AC l 4 0 x y + = v ng thng BD l 2 0 x y = . Tm ta cc nh ca hnh bnh hnh
bit honh ca A v B dng v din tch ca hnh bnh hnh bng 36.
S: A(7; 3), B(7; 5), C(1; 3), D(1; 1)
chuyn L T Trng - Cn Th - 2014: Cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c A(4;0), phng trnh ng
thng cha trung tuyn k t B ca tam gic ABC l 7 4 5 0. x y + = Phng trnh ng trung trc ca
on BC l 2 8 5 0. x y + = Tm ta cc im B, C, D.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 3 , 2; 1 , 3; 4 B C D
o Duy T - Thanh Ha: Cho hnh thang cn ABCD c din tch bng 18, : 2 0 CD x y + = . Hai
ng cho AC v BD vung gc nhau v ct nhau ti I(3 ; 1). Vit phng trnh ng thng BC, bit C
c hong m.
S: : 2 1 0 BC x y + =
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chuyn Quc Hc - Hu - 2013: Cho ABCD l hnh thang vung ti A v B, c din tch bng 50, nh
C(2;-5), AD = 3BC. Bit rng ng thng AB i qua im
1
; 0
2
M
| |
|
\
, ng thng AD i qua N(-3;5).
Vit phng trnh ng thng AB bit ng thng AB khng song song vi cc trc ta .
S: + = : 4 3 2 0 AB x y hoc + + = : 6 8 3 0 AB x y

*****

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CC BI TON V NG TRN

1. Vit phng trnh ng trn
D03: Cho ng trn (C): + =
2 2
( 1) ( 2) 4 x y v ng thng d: x y 1 = 0. Vit phng trnh
ng trn (C) i xng vi ng trn (C) qua ng thng d. Tm ta cc giao im ca (C) v
(C).
S: C x y
2 2
( ) : ( 3) 4
+ = , A(1; 0), B(3; 2)

B04: Cho hai im A(2; 0), B(6; 4). Vit phng trnh ng trn (C) tip xc vi trc honh ti im A v
khong cch t tm ca (C) n im B bng 5.
S: C x y C x y
2 2 2 2
1 2
( ) : ( 2) ( 1) 1, ( ) : ( 2) ( 7) 49 + = + =
A07: Cho tam gic ABC c A(0; 2), B(2; 2), C(4; 2). Gi H l chn ng cao k t B; M v N ln
lt l trung im ca cc cnh AB v BC. Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua cc im H, M, N.
S: H(1; 1), x y x y
2 2
2 0 + + =
D07: Cho ng trn + + =
2 2
( ) : ( 1) ( 2) 9 C x y v ng thng + = : 3 4 0 d x y m . Tm m trn d c
duy nht mt im P m t c th k c hai tip tuyn PA, PB ti (C) (A, B l cc tip im) sao
cho tam gic PAB u.
S: m = 19, m = 41
A09: Cho ng trn + + + + =
2 2
( ) : 4 4 6 0 C x y x y v ng thng : + + = 2 3 0 x my m , vi m l
tham s thc. Gi I l tm ca ng trn (C). Tm m ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho
din tch IAB ln nht.
S: m= 0 hoc = 8/ 15 m .
A10: Cho hai ng thng + =
1
: 3 0 d x y v =
2
: 3 0 d x y . Gi (T) l ng trn tip xc vi d
1
ti
A, ct d
2
ti hai im B, C sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti B. Vit phng trnh ca (T), bit tam gic
ABC c din tch bng
3
2
v im A c honh dng.
S: T x y
2 2
1 3
( ) : 1
2
2 3
| | | |
+ + + =
|
|
\
\

B10: Cho im ( ) 2; 3 A v elip (E): + =
2 2
1
3 2
x y
. Gi F
1
v F
2
l cc tiu im ca (E) (F
1
c honh
m); M l giao im c tung dng ca ng thng AF
1
vi (E); N l im i xng ca F
2
qua M.
Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABF
2
.
S: x y
2
2
2 3 4
( 1)
3 3
| |
+ = |
\

B12: Cho hai ng trn
2 2
1
( ) : 4 C x y + = v
2 2
2
( ) : 12 18 0 C x y x + + = v ng thng
: 4 0 d x y = . Vit phng trnh ng trn (C) c tm thuc ( )
2
C , tip xc vi d v ct ( )
1
C ti hai
im phn bit A, B sao cho AB vung gc vi d.
S:
2 2
( ) : ( 2) ( 2) 8 C x y + =
D12: Cho ng thng : 2 3 0 d x y + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn (C) c tm thuc d, ct trc Ox
ti A v B, ct trc Oy ti C v D sao cho AB = CD =2.
S:
2 2
( ) : ( 3) ( 3) 10 C x y + + + =
A13: Cho ng thng = : 0 x y . ng trn (C) c bn knh 10 R = ct ti hai im A v B sao
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cho 4 2 AB = . Tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B ct nhau ti mt im thuc tia Oy. Vit phng trnh
ng trn (C).
S: + =
2 2
( ) : ( 5) ( 3) 10 C x y
B09: Cho ng trn (C): + =
2 2
4
( 2)
5
x y v hai ng thng = =
1 2
: 0, : 7 0 x y x y . Xc nh
to tm K v tnh bn knh ca ng trn (C
1
); bit ng trn (C
1
) tip xc vi cc ng thng
1
,
2
v tm K (C)
S: K R
8 4 2 5
; ,
5 5 5
| |
=
|
\

D02(d b): Cho hai ng trn: C x y x C x y x y
2 2 2 2
1 2
( ) : 10 0, ( ) : 4 2 20 0 + = + + = . Vit phng trnh
ng trn i qua cc giao im ca (C
1
), (C
2
) v c tm nm trn ng thng d: x y 6 6 0 + = .
S: x y
2 2
( 12) ( 1) 125 + + =
B03(d b): Cho ng thng d x y : 7 10 0 + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn c tm thuc ng thng
: x y 2 0 + = v tip xc vi ng thng d ti im A(4; 2).
S: x y
2 2
( 6) ( 12) 200 + + =
A04(d b): Cho im A(1; 1) v ng thng d x y : 1 2 0 + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua A,
qua gc to O v tip xc vi ng thng d.
S:
2 2
( 1) 1 x y + = hoc
2 2
( 1) 1 x y + + =
A05(d b): Cho ng trn (C): x y x y
2 2
12 4 36 0 + + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn (C
1
) tip xc
vi hai trc ta Ox, Oy ng thi tip xc ngoi vi ng trn (C).
S: C x y C x y C x y
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 2 3
( ) : ( 2) ( 2) 4, ( ) : ( 18) ( 18) 18, ( ) : ( 6) ( 6) 36 + = + = + + =
D05(d b): Cho 2 im A(0;5), B(2; 3) . Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua hai im A, B v c bn
knh R = 10 .
S: x y x y
2 2 2 2
( 1) ( 2) 10, ( 3) ( 6) 10 + + = + =
D06(d b): Cho im A(1; 1) v ng thng d x y : 1 2 0 + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn (C) i
qua im A, gc to O v tip xc vi ng thng d.
S: C x y y C x y x
2 2 2 2
1 2
( ) : 2 0, ( ) : 2 0 + = + + =
B07(d b): Cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh x y x y
2 2
2 4 2 0 + + + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn
(C) c tm M(5; 1) v (C) ct (C) ti cc im A, B sao cho AB 3 = .
S: C x y C x y
' 2 2 ' 2 2
1 2
( ) : ( 5) ( 1) 13, ( ) : ( 5) ( 1) 43 + = + = .
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp: Cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A(1; 2). Vit phng trnh
ng trn (T) ngoi tip tam gic ABC bit tip tuyn ca (T) ti B l ng thng : 1 0 d x y = .
S: ( ) ( )
2
2
: 1 2 T x y + = hoc ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 2 3 2 T x y + =
chuyn H Long - Qung Ninh: Cho im M(2 ; 1) v ng thng : 1 0 d x y + = . Vit phng trnh
ng trn i qua M v ct d ti hai im A, B sao cho tam gic ABM vung ti M v c din tch bng 2.
S: ( ) ( )
2 2
1 2 8 x y + =
Lng Giang 2 -Bc Giang: Cho ( )
2 2
: 4 3 4 0 C x y x + + = . Tia Oy ct (C) ti im A. Lp phng
trnh ng trn (C) c bn knh bng 2 v tip xc ngoi vi (C) ti A.
S: ( )
( )
( )
2
2
' : 3 3 4 C x y + =
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Nguyn ng o - Bc Ninh: Cho
1 2
: 2 6 0; : 2 0 d x y d x y + = + = v
3
: 3 2 0 d x y = . Vit phng
trnh ng trn (C) c tm thuc
3
d , ct
1
d ti A v B,
2
d ti C v D sao cho t gic ABCD l hnh
vung.
S: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 1 1 18/ 5 C x y + =
H Vinh: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 2 4 20 0 C x y x y + + = v im ( ) 5; 6 A . T A v tc tip tuyn AB,
AC ca ng trn (C) vi B, C l cc tip im. Vit phng trnh ng trn ni tip tam gic ABC.
S: ( ) ( )
2 2 25
2 2
4
x y + + =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Vit phng trnh ng trn c bn knh bng 2, c tm I nm trn ng thng
1
: 3 0 d x y + = v ng trn ct ng thng
2
: 3 4 6 0 d x y + = ti A, B sao cho
o
120 AIB = .
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho im ( ) 2; 1 M v ng trn
2 2
( ) : 9 C x y + = . Vit phng trnh ng
trn ( )
1
C c bn knh bng 4 v ct (C) theo mt dy cung qua M c di nh nht.
S: ( )
2 2
1
4 3 2 3
: 2 1 16
5 5
C x y
| | | |
+ + + =
| |
| |
\ \
; ( )
2 2
1
4 3 2 3
: 2 1 16
5 5
C x y
| | | |
+ + + =
| |
| |
\ \

Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho tam gic ABC c A(1 ; 0), ng cao k t B v C ln lt c phng trnh
2 1 0 x y + = v 3 1 0 x y + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC.
S:
2 2
36 10 43
( ) : 0
7 7 7
C x y x y + + =
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A(1;2). Vit phng trnh ng trn
(C) ngoi tip tam gic ABC bit ng thng : 1 0 d x y = tip xc vi ng trn (C) ti im B.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) + =
2 2
: 2 3 2 C x y hoc ( ) ( ) + =
2
2
: 1 2 C x y
GSTT.VN - 2013: Cho A(1;5) v + + =
2 2
( ) : 2 6 0 C x y x y . Vit phng trnh ng trn (C') c tm
nm trn : 2 0 d x y + + = , i qua A v ct (C) ti 2 im phn bit M, N sao cho 2 2 MN = .
S: ( )
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ \
2 2
23 15 377
:
4 4 8
C x y hoc ( )
| | | |
+ + + =
| |
\ \
2 2
5 3 305
:
4 4 8
C x y

Hng Vng - Bnh Phc - 2014: Cho hnh vung ABCD, A(-1;2). Gi M, N ln lt l trung im
ca AD v DC, E l giao im ca BN vi CM . Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic BME
bit : 2 8 0 BN x y + = v 2
B
x > .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) + =
2 2
: 1 3 5 C x y
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho hai im A(1;2), B(3;4) v ng thng : 3 0 d y = . Vit phng
trnh ng trn (C) i qua hai im A, B v ct d ti hai im phn bit M, N sao cho
o
60 MAN = .
S: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 3 2 4 C x y + =
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho im A(1;2) v ng trn ( ) + + + =
2 2
: 2 4 1 0 C x y x y . Vit
phng trnh ng trn (C') c tm A v ct (C) ti hai im phn bit M v N sao cho din tch tam
gic AMN t gi tr ln nht.
S: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
' : 1 2 12 C x y + =
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho im A(-1;2) v ng thng : 3 4 7 0 d x y + = . Vit phng trnh
ng trn (C) c bn knh R = 1, i qua A v ct d theo dy cung BC sao cho tam gic ABC c din
tch bng 4 / 5.
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S: ( ) ( ) ( ) + + =
2 2
: 1 1 1 C x y hoc ( )
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ \
2 2
1 43
: 1
25 25
C x y
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho hai ng thng
1 2
: 1 0; : 1 0 d x y d x y + = + = . Lp phng trnh
ng trn (C) ct d
1
ti A v d
2
ln lt ti hai im B, C sao cho tam gic ABC l tam gic u c
din tch bng 24 3 .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) + + =
2 2
: 2 1 32 C x y hoc ( ) ( ) ( ) + + =
2 2
: 2 3 32 C x y
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho ( )
1 3 1 1 3 4
; , ; , ; , 2;0 .
2 2 5 5
2 2
A B C D
| |
| | | |
|
| |
|
\ \
\
Vit phng trnh
ng trn (T) c tm l im D v ct ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC theo mt dy cung c di
bng 2.
chuyn Trn i Ngha - HCM - 2014: Cho hai ng thng
1 2
: 4 3 8 0; : 4 3 2 0 + = + + = d x y d x y v
ng trn ( )
2 2
: 20 2 20 0. C x y x y + + = Vit phng trnh ng trn (C') tip xc vi (C) v ng
thi tip xc vi ng thng d
1
v d
2
.
S: ( ) ( )
2
2
: 1 1 C x y + = hoc ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 100 1 6561 C x y + =
Tnh Gia 1 - Thanh Ha - 2014: Cho tam gic nhn ABC ni tip ng trn tm I(1;2), bn knh R=5.
Chn ng cao k t B v C ln lt l H(3;3) v K(0;-1). Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip t
gic BCHK, bit A c tung dng.
S: ( )
2 2
7 1 25
:
2 2 2
C x y
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ \

chuyn H Vinh - 2014: Cho hai im A(1;2), B(4;1) v ng thng : 3 4 5 0. x y + = Vit phng
trnh ng trn i qua A, B v ct ti C, D sao cho CD=6.
S: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 1 3 25 C x y + + = ; ( )
2 2
43 51 1525
:
13 13 169
C x y
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \

2. Tm ta ca im
D06: Cho ng trn (C): + + =
2 2
2 2 1 0 x y x y v ng thng + = : 3 0 d x y . Tm to im M
nm trn d sao cho ng trn tm M, c bn knh gp i bn knh ng trn (C), tip xc ngoi vi
ng trn (C).
S: M(1; 4), M(2; 1)
A11: Cho ng trn
2 2
( ) : 4 2 0 C x y x y + = v ng thng : 2 0 x y + + = . Gi I l tm ca (C),
M l im thuc . Qua M k cc tip tuyn MA v MB n (C) (A v B l cc tip im). Tm ta
im M, bit t gic MAIB c din tch bng 10.
S: ( ) ( ) 2; 4 , 3;1 M M
D13: Cho ng trn + =
2 2
( ) : ( 1) ( 1) 4 C x y v ng thng = : 3 0 y . tam gic MNP c trc
tm trng vi tm ca (C), cc nh N v P thuc , nh M v trung im ca cnh MN thuc (C). Tm
ta im P.
S: ( ) ( ) 1;3 , 3;3 P P
A02(d b): Cho ng thng d x y : 1 0 + = v ng trn (C): x y x y
2 2
2 4 0 + + = . Tm to im
M thuc d m qua ta k c hai ng thng tip xc vi (C) ti A v B sao cho
AMB
0
60 = .
S: M M
1 2
(3; 4), ( 3; 2)

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D05(d b): Cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh: C x y x y
2 2
( ) : 4 6 12 0 + = . Tm ta im M
thuc ng thng d c phng trnh: x y 2 3 0 + = sao cho MI = 2R, trong I l tm v R l bn knh
ca ng trn (C).
S: M M
24 63
( 4; 5), ;
5 5
| |

|
\

B07(d b): Cho ng trn (C): x y x y
2 2
8 6 21 0 + + + = v ng thng d x y : 1 0 + = . Xc nh to
cc nh hnh vung ABCD ngoi tip ng trn (C), bit A nm trn d.
S: A(2; 1), B(2; 5), C(6; 5), D(6; 1) hoc A(6; 5), B(6; 1), C(2; 1), D(2; 5)
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho ng trn
2 2
3
( ) :
2
C x y + = v parabol ( )
2
: P y x = . Tm trn (P) cc im
M t k c hai tip tuyn n (C) v gc gia hai tip tuyn bng 60
o
.
S:
( )
2; 2 M hoc
( )
2; 2 M
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho : 3 4 5 0 d x y + = v
2 2
( ) : 2 6 9 0 C x y x y + + + = . Tm ta im M
thuc (C) v im N thuc d sao cho MN nh nht.
S:
2 11 1 7
; , ;
5 5 5 5
M N
| | | |
| |
\ \

2 2
( ) : ( 1) ( 3) 1 C x y + + = v im
1 7
;
5 5
M
| |
|
\
. Tm trn (C)
nhng im N sao cho MN nh nht.
S: ( ) 8/ 5;19/ 5 N
Trung Gi - H Ni: Cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A ngoi tip ng trn ( )
2 2
: 2 C x y + = . Tm
ta ba nh ca tam gic ABC bit A thuc tia Ox.
S: ( )
( ) ( )
2;0 , 2,2 2 , 2, 2 2 A B C +
chuyn Vnh Phc: Cho ( ) ( )
2
2
: 4 4 C x y + = , im E(4 ; 1). Tm ta im M trn trc tung sao
cho t k c hai tip tuyn MA, MB n (C) vi A, B l tip im v ng thng AB i qua E.
S: ( ) 0;4 M
S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2013: Cho ( ) + =
2 2
: 25 C x y , im M(1;-2). ng trn (C') c bn knh
bng 2 10 . Tm ta tm ca (C') sao cho (C') ct (C) theo mt dy cung qua M c di nh nht.
S: ( ) 1;2 hoc (3;6)
chuyn Vnh Phc - 2013: Cho ( ) + =
2 2
: 2 4 4 0 C x y x y . Tm ta cc nh ca tam gic u
ABC ngoi tip (C) bit A thuc ng thng : 1 d y = v 0
A
x > .
S: A(6; 1), B(-4; -1), C(1; 8)
chuyn Phan Bi Chu - Ngh An - 2013: Cho im A(2;0) v ( ) ( ) + + =
2 2
( ) : 1 2 5 C x y . Tm ta
hai im B, C thuc (C) sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti B v c din tch bng 4.
S: ( ) ( )
16 8 6 12
2; 4 , ; , 0; 0 , ;
5 5 5 5
B B B B
| | | |

| |
\ \
, C(0; -4)
chuyn Nguyn Tri - Hi Dng - 2013: Cho ( ) + =
2
2
( ) : 1 1 C x y . Tm ta im M thuc ng
thng : 3 0 d y = sao cho cc tip tuyn ca (C) k t M ct trc honh ti hai im phn bit A, B v
bn knh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic MAB bng 4.
S: M(2;3) hoc M(-2;3)
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Nguyn Hu - Ph Yn: Cho tam gic ABC c ng trn ngoi tip ( )
2
2
( ) : 4 10 C x y + = , A(1 ; 1),
trng tm
11 1
;
3 3
G
| |
|
\
. Tm ta ca B v C ( ) 0
C
y > .
S: ( ) ( ) 3; 3 , 7;1 B C
o Duy T - Thanh Ha: Cho ( )
2 2
: 2 24 0 C x y x + = c tm I ; ng thng : 3 4 28 0 d x y + = .
Chng minh d tip xc vi (C). Tm ta im A trn (C), im B v C trn d sao cho tam gic ABC
nhn I lm trc tm v trung im cnh AC thuc (C), bit im C c honh dng.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 4 , 0;7 , 12; 2 A B C
D09: Cho ng trn + =
2 2
( ) : ( 1) 1 C x y . Gi I l tm ca (C). Xc nh to im M thuc (C) sao
cho
=
o
O 30 IM .
S: ( ) 3/ 2; 3 / 2 M
HSP H Ni - 2014: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 2 6 15 0 C x y x y + = ngoi tip tam gic ABC c
A(4;7). Tm ta cc nh B v C bit H(4;5) l trc tm ca tam gic ABC.
S:
( ) ( )
+ 1 2 6;2 , 1 2 6;2 B C hoc
( ) ( )
+ 1 2 6;2 , 1 2 6;2 C B
H Ni -Amsterdam - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c nh A(1;5). Tm ng trn ni tip v ngoi tip
ca tam gic ABC ln lt l I(2;2) v
5
;3
2
K
| |
|
\
. Tm ta cc nh B v C.
S: ( ) ( ) 1;1 , 4;1 B C hoc ( ) ( ) 1;1 , 4;1 C B
Ng Gia T - Vnh Phc - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c trung tuyn v phn gic trong nh B c
phng trnh ln lt l 2 3 0, 2 0 x y x y + = + = . im M(2;1) nm trn ng thng cha cnh AB;
ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC c bn knh bng 5 . Bit nh A c honh dng, hy xc nh
ta cc nh ca tam gic ABC .
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;1 , 3;1 , 1; 3 B A C
c Th - H Tnh - 2014: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 9 C x y + = , ng thng : 3 3 y x = + v im
A(3;0). Gi M l mt im di ng trn (C) v B l im sao cho t gic ABMO l hnh bnh hnh. Tm
ta trng tm G ca tam gic ABM, bit G thuc v G c tung dng.
S:
( )
3; 3 G
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2013: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 4 2 4 0 C x y x y + = c tm l I v ng thng
: 1 0 d x y + = . Tm ta im M thuc d t M c th k c hai ng thng tip xc vi (C) ti
A, B sao cho t gic IMAB l hnh vung.
S:
( )
1 2 2; 2 2 2 M hoc
( )
1 2 2; 2 2 2 M + +
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC nhn. Gi E, F ln lt l chn ng cao h t B, C.
nh A(3;-7), trung im ca BC l im M(-2;3) v ng trn ngoi tip tam gic AEF c phng
trnh ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 3 4 9 C x y + + = . Xc nh ta cc im B v C.
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 1 2 5 C x y + = l phng trnh ng trn ni tip tam
gic u ABC. ng thng BC i qua im
7
; 2
2
M
| |
|
\
. Xc nh ta im A.
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2 2
: 2 2 2 0 C x y x y + + = v + + = : 2 10 0 d x y . T
mt im M bt k trn d k cc tip tuyn MA v MB n (C) (A, B l cc tip im). Xc nh ta im
M sao cho khong cch t O n ng thng AB t gi tr ln nht.
S:
14 58
;
3 3
M
| |
|
\

Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho ng trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 1 2 2 C x y + + = v hai im A(3;5) v B(5;3).
Xc nh ta im M trn (C) sao cho din tch tam gic MAB c gi tr ln nht.
S: ( ) 0; 3 M
2 2
: 5 + = C x y v ng thng : 3 2 0. x y = Tm
ta im A, B trn tam gic OAB c
10
5
OA = v c cnh OB ct ng trn (C) ti M sao
cho MA=MB (vi O l gc ta ).
S: ( )
4 22
2; 4 , ;
5 5
| |

|
\
B B
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c trc tm H(5;5), phng trnh ng thng cha
cnh BC l 8 0. x y + = Bit ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC i qua hai im M(7;3) v N(4;2).
Tnh din tch tam gic ABC.
Phan Chu Trinh - Nng - 2014: Cho ng thng + = : 3 0. d x y Qua im A thuc d k hai ng
thng tip xc vi ng trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 2 1 4 + = C x y ti B v C. Gi G l trng tm ca tam gic
ABC. Tm ta ca im A, bit AG=2.
S: ( ) ( ) 2;5 , 2;1 A A
chuyn H Vinh - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c nh A(3;3), tm ng trn ngoi tip I(2;1), phng
trnh ng phn gic trong gc
BAC l 0 x y = . Tm ta cc nh B, C bit rng

8 5
5
BC = v gc
BAC nhn.
S:
( )
8 6
0; 2 , ;
5 5
| |
|
\
B C hoc ngc li
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c trc tm H(-1;3), tm ng
trn ngoi tip I(3;-3) v chn ng cao k t nh A l K(-1;1). Tm ta cc nh A, B, C.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 5 , 5;1 , 1;1 A B C hoc ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 5 , 1;1 , 5;1 A B C
chuyn L T Trng - Cn Th - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A(-1;1) v c tm ng trn ni
tip l I(1;5). ng thng vung gc vi IA ti A ct ng trn ngoi tip tam gic AIC ti im th
hai l D(-7;4). Tm ta im B.
S: ( ) 17; 7 B
H Huy Tp - Ngh An - 2014: Cho ng trn
( )
+ =
2 2
: 25 C x y ngoi tip tam gic nhn ABC c
ta cc chn ng cao h t B, C ln lt l M(-1;-3), N(2;-3). Hy tm ta cc nh A, B, C bit
rng im A c tung m.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 0; 5 , 5;0 , 4;3 A B C
H Huy Tp - Ngh An - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A(0;3) v hai im B, C thuc ng trn
( )
+ =
2 2
: 9. C x y Tm ta ca B, C bit rng tam gic ABC c din tch ln nht v im B c honh
dng.
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MATH.VN


S:
27 3 27 3
; , ;
2 2 2 2
B C
| | | |

| |
| |
\ \

chuyn Lam Sn - Thanh Ha - 2014: Cho im A(1;-3) v ng trn
( )
+ + =
2 2
: ( 2) ( 6) 50 C x y
co tm l im I. Tm ta im M thuc (C) sao cho s o ca gc
AMI ln nht.
S: ( ) ( ) 7; 1 , 5; 5 M M
ng Thc Ha - Ngh An - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A. Gi M l im trn cnh AC sao
cho AB=3AM. ng trn tm I(1;-1) ng knh CM ct BM ti D. Xc nh ta cc nh ca tam
gic ABC bit ng thng BC i qua im
4
;0
3
N
| |
|
\
, phng trnh ng thng CD l 3 6 0 x y = v
im C c honh dng.
S: ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 1 , 2;2 , 3; 1 A B C
Nguoithay.vn - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c ng cao AH, H thuc cnh BC sao cho BC=4BH. ng
trn ngoi tip tam gic ABH c phng trnh l + + =
2 2
2 4 20 0 x y x y . im A nm trn ng
thng : 2 3 7 0 d x y = v din tch tam gic ABC bng 60. Tm ta cc nh ca tam gic ABC, bit
im A v C c honh m.
Nguoithay.vn - 2014: Cho ng trn
( )
+ + =
2 2
: ( 1) ( 1) 20 C x y v ng thng : 3 4 8 0. d x y =
Vit phng trnh ng trn (T) c tm nm trn d v ct (C) ti hai im A, B sao cho 2 5 AB = , bit
ng thng AB to vi ng thng d mt gc vi
1
cos .
10
=
B06: Cho ng trn (C): + + =
2 2
2 6 6 0 x y x y v im M(3; 1). Gi T
1
v T
2
l cc tip im ca
cc tip tuyn k t M n (C). Vit phng trnh ng thng T
1
T
2
.
S: Chng t to x y
0 0
( ; ) ca T
1
, T
2
tho phng trnh x y 2 3 0 + = .
D11: Cho im ( ) 1;0 A v ng trn
2 2
( ) : 2 4 5 0 C x y x y + + = . Vit phng trnh ng thng
ct (C) ti hai im M v N sao cho tam gic AMN vung cn ti A.
S: : 1 y = hoc : 3 y =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho im M(2 ; 1) v ng trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 1 2 5 C x y + = . Vit phng trnh
ng thng i qua M ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A v B sao cho AB nh nht.
B02(d b): Cho hai ng trn: (C
1
): x y y
2 2
4 5 0 + = v (C
2
): x y x y
2 2
6 8 16 0 + + + = . Vit phng trnh
tip tuyn chung ca hai ng trn (C
1
) v (C
2
).
S: 4 tip tuyn chung: x y y y x
4
2 3 5 2 0; 1; 3
3
+ = = =
D02(d b): Cho hai ng trn: C x y x C x y x y
2 2 2 2
1 2
( ) : 10 0, ( ) : 4 2 20 0 + = + + = . Vit phng trnh tip
tuyn chung ca cc ng trn (C
1
), (C
2
).
S: x y 7 5 25 2 0 + =
B05(d b): Cho 2 ng trn
2 2
1
C x y ( ) : 9 + = v C x y x y
2 2
2
( ) : 2 2 23 0 + = . Vit phng trnh trc
ng phng d ca 2 ng trn (C
1
) v (C
2
). Chng minh rng nu K thuc d th khong cch t K n
tm ca (C
1
) nh hn khong cch t K n tm ca (C
2
).
S: d x y : 7 0 + + = , xt OK IK
2 2
16 0 = < OK < IK

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A07(d d): Cho ng trn (C): x y
2 2
1 + = . ng trn (C) tm I(2; 2) ct (C) ti cc im A, B sao
cho AB 2 = . Vit phng trnh ng thng AB.
S: Ch AB OI. Phng trnh AB: y x 1 =
2 2
( ) : 6 2 1 0 C x y x y + + = . Vit phng trnh ng thng d
song song vi ng thng : 2 4 0 x y = v ct (C) theo mt dy cung c di bng 4.
S:
1
: 2 4 0 d x y + = hoc
2
: 2 6 0 d x y =
Phc Bnh - Bnh Phc: Cho hai ng trn ( )
2 2
1
: ( 1) 1/ 2 C x y + = , ( )
2 2
2
: ( 2) ( 2) 4 C x y + = .
Vit phng trnh ng thng d tip xc vi ( )
1
C v ct ( )
2
C ti hai im phn bit AB sao cho
2 2 AB = .
S: 2 0; 2 0; 7 6 0;7 2 0 x y x y x y x y + = = + = =
ng Hng H - Thi Bnh: Cho ( )
2 2
1
: ( 6) 25 C x y + = v ( )
2 2
2
: 13 C x y + = ct nhau ti A(2 ; 3).
Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua A v ct ( )
1
C , ( )
2
C theo hai dy cung c di bng nhau.
S: : 2 0 d x = hoc : 3 7 0 d x y + =
H Vinh: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 4 2 15 0 C x y x y + + = . Gi I l tm ng trn (C). ng thng d
i qua im ( ) 1; 3 M ct (C) ti hai im AB. Vit phng trnh ca d bit tam gic IAB c din tch
bng 8 v AB l cnh ln nht.
S: : 3 0 d y + = hoc : 4 3 5 0 d x y + + =
THPT L Xoay: Cho ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
1
: 1 2 4 C x y + = v ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
: 1 3 2 C x y + = . Vit phng trnh
ng thng d i qua im A(1 ; 4) ct ( )
1
C ti M, ( )
2
C ti N sao cho AM = 2AN.
S: : 1 0 d x = hoc : 2 7 0 d x y + =
chuyn i hc quc gia H Ni: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 2 2 23 0 C x y x y + + = . Vit phng trnh
ng thng i qua im A(7 ; 3) v ct (C) ti B v C sao cho 3 AB AC = .
S: 3 0 y = hoc 12 5 69 0 x y =
chuyn Nguyn Quang Diu - ng Thp: Cho ( )
2 2
: 8 9 0 C x y x + = v im ( ) 1; 1 M . Vit
phng trnh ng thng i qua M ct (C) ti hai im A, B sao cho MA = 3MB.
S: 2 3 0 x y = hoc 2 1 0 x y + + =
chuyn Nguyn Hu - H Ni: Cho ( )
2 2
: 2 4 0 C x y x y + = v im M(6 ; 2). Vit phng trnh
ng thng d i qua M ct (C) ti hai im A v B sao cho
2 2
50 MA MB + = .
S: 3 12 0 x y + = hoc 3 0 x y =
ng Thc Ha - Ngh An: Cho ( )
2 2
: 10 10 30 0 C x y x y + + = . Vit phng trnh ng thng d
tip xc vi (C) bit d ct tia Ox ti A, tia Oy ti B sao cho
2 2
1 1 1
5
OA OB
+ = .
S: : 2 5 0 d x y + = hoc : 2 5 0 d x y + =
i hc s phm H Ni: Cho im M(0 ; 2) v ( )
2
2
: 1
4
x
H y = . Lp phng trnh ng thng d i
qua im M ct (H) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho
5
3
MA MB =

.
S: : 2 d y x = + hoc : 2 d y x = +
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S GD&T Vnh Phc - 2013: Cho ( ) + + =
2 2
: 4 6 12 0 C x y x y v im
( )
2; 4 3 M . Vit phng
trnh ng thng d ct (C) ti hai im A, B sao cho tam gic MAB u.
S: 0 y = hoc
4 3 9
2
y

=
chuyn Vnh Phc - 2013: Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A(4;-13) v ( ) + + =
2 2
: 2 4 20 0 C x y x y l
phng trnh ng trn ni tip tam gic ABC. Vit phng trnh ng thng BC.
S: : 3 7 5 10 0 BC x y + + =
on Thng - Hi Dng - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC c nh A(-3;4), ng phn gic trong ca gc
A c phng trnh 1 0 x y + = v tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC l I(1;7). Vit phng trnh
cnh BC, bit din tch tam gic ABC bng 4 ln din tch tam gic IBC.
S: + = : 15 20 131 0 BC x y hoc + = : 9 12 114 0 BC x y
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2012: Cho M(2;1) v ng trn ( ) ( ) ( ) + =
2 2
: 1 2 5 C x y . Vit phng trnh
ng thng d qua M ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho di on thng AB nh nht.
S: = : 1 0 d x y
Ton hc & Tui tr - 2014: Cho hai ng trn ( ) ( )
2
2
: 1 4 C x y + + = v ( ) ( )
2
2
' : 1 2 C x y + = . Vit
phng trnh ng thng d tip xc vi (C) v ct (C') ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho AB = 2.
S: = : 1 0 d y hoc = : 2 0 d x
Qunh Lu 1 - Ngh An - 2014: Cho tam gic ABC ni tip ng trn (T) c tm ( ) 3 / 2;0 I v (T)
tip xc vi ng thng : 4 2 19 0 x y + = . ng phn gic trong ca gc A c phng trnh l
1 0. x y = Vit phng trnh ng thng BC, bit din tch tam gic ABC bng ba ln din tch tam
gic IBC v im A c tung m.
S: : 2 2 0 BC x y + = hoc : 4 2 11 0 BC x y + + =
chuyn H Long - Qung Ninh - 2014: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 9 18 0 C x y x y + + = v hai im
A(4;1), B(3;-1). Cc im C, D thuc (C) sao cho ABCD l hnh bnh hnh. Vit phng trnh ng
thng CD.
S: : 2 6 0 CD x y + = hoc : 2 1 0 CD x y + =
Nguoithay.vn - 2014: Cho im M(3;1) v ng trn ( ) ( )
2
2
: ( 2) 2 10. + = C x y Vit phng trnh
ng thng d i qua M, ct (C) ti hai im A, B sao cho khong cch t giao im ca hai tip tuyn
vi (C) ti A v B n trc honh bng 3.

*****

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CC BI TON V BA NG CONIC

1. Tm ta ca im
D08: Cho parabol (P): =
2
16 y x v im A(1; 4). Hai im phn bit B, C (B v C khc A) di ng trn
(P) sao cho gc
=
0
90 BAC . Chng minh rng ng thng BC lun i qua mt im c nh.
S: Vit PT ng thng BC BC i qua im c nh I(17; 4)
A10: Cho elip
2 2
( ) : 1
4 1
x y
E + = . Tm ta cc im A v B thuc (E), c honh dng sao cho tam
gic OAB cn ti O v c din tch ln nht.
S:
2 2
2; , 2;
2 2
A B
| | | |
| |
| |
\ \
hoc
2 2
2; , 2;
2 2
A B
| | | |
| |
| |
\ \

A03(d b): Cho parabol y x
2
= v im I(0; 2). Tm to hai im M, N thuc (P) sao cho IM IN 4 =

.
S: M N (4; 2), (1;1) hoc M N (36; 6), (9;3)
D05: Cho im C(2; 0) v elip (E):
x y
2 2
1
4 1
+ = . Tm to cc im A, B thuc (E), bit rng hai im A, B
i xng vi nhau qua trc honh v tam gic ABC l tam gic u.
S: A B
2 4 3 2 4 3
; , ;
7 7 7 7
| | | |
| |
\ \
hoc A B
2 4 3 2 4 3
; , ;
7 7 7 7
| | | |
| |
\ \

Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho A(3 ; 0) v ( )
2
2
: 1
9
x
E y + = . Tm ta cc im B, C thuc (E) sao cho
tam gic ABC vung cn ti A.
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho ( )
2
: P y x = . Tm ta im B v C trn (P) sao cho tam gic OBC u.
S:
( ) ( )
6;2 3 , 6; 3 B C hoc
( ) ( )
6;2 3 , 6; 3 C B
2 2
: 1
16 4
x y
E + = v im A(0 ; 2). Tm ta im B v C trn (E) sao cho
tam gic ABC u.
S:
16 3 22 16 3 22
; , ;
13 13 13 13
B C
| | | |

| |
| |
\ \
hoc
16 3 22 16 3 22
; , ;
13 13 13 13
C B
| | | |

| |
| |
\ \

2 2
: 1
25 16
x y
E + = v mt tiu im
1
( 3;0) F . Tm ta im A trn (E) sao
cho
1
AF nh nht.
S: ( ) 5;0 A v
1
2 AF =
Chu Vn An - H Ni - 2014: Cho ( )
2 2
: 1
9 4
x y
E + = c hai tiu im
1
F v
2
F vi
1
0
F
x < . Tm ta
im M trn (E) sao cho
2 2
1 2
2 MF MF + nh nht. Tm gi tr nh nht .
S:
3 4
;
5 5
M
| |
|
\
v gi tr nh nht l 36.
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Nguoithay.vn - 2014: Cho ( )
2 2
: 1
16 12
x y
E + = c hai tiu im
1
F v
2
F vi
1
0
F
x < . Tm ta im M
trn (E) sao cho bn knh ng trn ni tip tam gic
1 2
MFF bng
2
.
3

2. Vit phng trnh ba ng conic
A08: Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) bit rng (E) c tm sai bng
5
3
v hnh ch nht c s
ca (E) c chu vi bng 20.
S:
x y
2 2
1
9 4
+ =
A12: Cho ng trn
2 2
( ) : 8 C x y + = . Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) c di trc ln bng
8 v (E) ct (C) ti 4 im to thnh bn nh ca mt hnh vung.
S:
2 2
( ) : 1
16
16
3
x y
E + =
B12: Cho hnh thoi ABCD c AC = 2BD v ng trn tip xc vi cc cnh ca hnh thoi c phng
trnh
2 2
4 x y + = . Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) i qua cc nh ca hnh thoi bit A thuc Ox.
S:
2 2
( ) : 1
20 5
x y
E + =
A06(d b): Cho elip (E):
x y
2 2
1
12 2
+ = . Vit phng trnh hypebol (H) c hai ng tim cn l y x 2 =
v c hai tiu im l hai tiu im ca elip (E).
S: (H):
x y
2 2
1
2 8
=
D06(d b): Lp phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) c di trc ln bng 4 2 , cc nh trn trc nh
v cc tiu im ca (E) cng nm trn mt ng trn.
S: (E):
x y
2 2
1
8 4
+ =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho elip (E) i qua im ( ) 2; 3 M v c phng trnh ng chuNn l
8 0 x + = . Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E).
S: ( )
2 2
: 1
16 12
x y
E + = hoc ( )
2 2
: 1
52 39
x y
E + =
Ton hc & Tui tr: Cho parabol ( )
2
: P y x = v im ( ) 1; 1 M . Gi s A, B l hai im phn bit
khc M, thay i trn (P) sao cho MA MB . Chng minh rng ng thng AB lun i qua mt im
c nh.
chuyn Nguyn Hu - H Ni: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 16 C x y + = . Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip
(E) c tm sai 1/ 2 e = bit elip ct (C) ti 4 im A, B, C, D sao cho AB song song vi trc honh v AB
= 2CD.
S: ( )
2 2
: 1
256 64
15 5
x y
E + =
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chuyn HSP H Ni - 2013: Cho parabol ( )
2
: 4 P y x = . ng thng d i qua im
5
;1
2
M
| |
|
\
ct (P)
ti hai im E v F sao cho ME=MF. Tnh di on EF.
S: ( ) ( ) = 4;4 , 1; 2 , 3 5 E F EF
o Duy T - Thanh Ha: Cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 10 16 0 C x y x + + + = v im T(1 ; 0). Vit phng
trnh chnh tc ca hipebol (H) bit (H) nhn tm ca (C) lm mt tiu im v c hai tim cn ln lt
song song vi hai tip tuyn k t im T n (C).
S: ( )
2 2
: 1
75 25
4 4
x y
H =
chuyn H Vinh: Cho parabol ( )
2
: 4 P y x = c tiu im F. Gi M l im tha mn iu kin
3 FM FO =

; d l ng thng bt k i qua M ct (P) ti hai im phn bit A v B. Chng minh tam
gic OAB l tam gic vung.
chuyn Vnh Phc: Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) bit rng c mt nh v hai tiu im ca
(E) to thnh mt tam gic u v chu vi hnh ch nht c s ca (E) bng 24 12 3 + .
S: ( )
2 2
: 1
36 27
x y
E + =
chuyn Quc Hc Hu - 2013: Cho elip (E) c hai tiu im
1
F v
2
F vi
( ) 1
3; 0 F . Vit phng trnh
chnh tc ca elip (E) bit rng tn ti mt im M thuc elip (E) sao cho tam gic
1 2
FMF c din tch
bng 1 v vung ti M.
S: ( ) + =
2 2
: 1
4 1
x y
E
chuyn Phan Bi Chu - Ngh An - 2013: Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca hypebol (H), bit hnh ch
nht c s ca (H) c din tch bng 48 v mt ng chuNn ca (H) c phng trnh 5 16 0 x + = .
S: ( ) =
2 2
: 1
16 9
x y
H
chuyn Phan Bi Chu - Ngh An - 2013: Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) bit rng khi M thay
i trn (E) th di nh nht ca OM bng 4 v di ln nht ca
1
MF bng 8 vi
1
F l tiu im c
honh m.
S: ( ) + =
2 2
: 1
25 16
x y
E
H Huy Tp - Ngh An - 2014: Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) bit rng (E) c tm sai bng
4
5
v ng trn ngoi tip hnh ch nht c s ca (E) c phng trnh
2 2
34 x y + = . Tm ta im
M trn (E) sao cho M nhn hai tiu im di mt gc vung v M c honh dng.
S: + =
2 2
1
25 9
x y
;
5 7 9
;
4 4
M
| |
|
|
\

*****
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Phng php ta trong mt phng

Gio vin: Nguyn Trung Ngha - THPT chuyn Quc Hc Hu 1

BAD c phng trnh 7 0 x y + = . Tm ta nh B bit im A

MBC . Tm ta im D bit D c honh dng.

+ = , A(1; 0), B(3; 2)

BAC l 0 x y = . Tm ta cc nh B, C bit rng

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