Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.

0 M u Trang 1
1. V tp ti liu ny
Cng nh cc ti liu tham kho phn mm tin hc hin nay, ti
ch l ngi bin son ch khng phi tc gi. Mong kin ng
gp ca cc bn ti liu tt hn.
Ti liu c bin son da trn
Help File, Tutorial, Video Tutorial ca SketchUp 5.0.
Kinh nghim thc t.
Quan nim trnh by
Ti liu bin son trong ng cnh ca ngnh kin trc.
Ngn gn! Nhng kin thc cn bn s c lt qua.
Chng hn ai cng bit mt cng c c th kch hot t
Thanh cng c, Thanh menu hoc Phm tt. Ti cung cp
phng php cn hng i l ca cc bn.
Thc t! Nhng tnh nng trng lp hoc t dng trong
kin trc s c lc b. Trong ti liu, cn lu cc
biu tng sau:
Ch thch thm
Th thut
Ch
S dng ti liu nh th no?
Nn c kin thc cn bn v my tnh ha trc khi
hc bt k phn mm ha no, SketchUp cng vy.
Ti liu ny ch h tr giai on u. Mun pht trin k
nng cao hn cc bn nn tham kho website
www.sketchup.com. Ngoi ra, mi s tham kho ch c
gi tr khi bn thc s ng dng trong thc t.
Ti liu ny dng tham kho ni b 9X9. Tuy phi thng mi, nhng
nu c s dng li bt k u, xin nh r ngun gc.
M AU
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 M u Trang 2
2. V phn mm SketchUp
SketchUp l phn mm ha 3D do hng @Last Solfware pht
trin, chuyn ng dng vo thit k s phc, xy dng m hnh
trong cc lnh vc kin trc, ni tht, cnh quan, xy dng, thit
k cnh quay trong in nh, thit k sn khu.
ng dng ha 3D trong cc giai on thit k kin trc l xu
hng tt yu. Nhng :
KTS, sinh vin kin trc ngy cng phi u t vo k
nng s dng my tnh, trong khi vn cn nhiu k nng
quan trng khc.
Cc phn mm 3D ni ting hin nay rt chuyn nghip
v xut sc giai on th hin chi tit tng vi hiu
qu chuyn su v nh sng, vt liu. Nhng giai on
s phc tng, trnh din s b vi khch hng hoc
tho lun ni b nhm thit k chng tr nn nng n
khng cn thit v km thch ng. Cc phn mm ny
thng phc tp v i hi u t o to rt cao.
Nhn bit iu , SketchUp c pht trin theo 2 xu hng:
a. n gin nhng Hiu qu
nh gi trn cng mt hiu qu mang li, SketchUp l phn
mm 3D d hc, tn t cng hc. C th c phn mm d hn
nhng s qu th s hoc khng kh thi.
n gin v hiu qu, SketchUp trc quan ha mi hot
ng tng t nh khi v tay. n v c bn trong SketchUp l
ng mt vi chui thao tc v, chia, ni, di chuyn, xoay,
thu phng, nng khi, ct khi, trt dn, t mu, p vt liu, v
a hnh, thm cnh quan, gi lp bng , xut nh, lm slide
show cc hot ng ny u trc quan trong mi trng 3D.
Mi tnh nng ch c xy dng va dng nhng kh nng
th hin tng s phc kh hiu qu.
b. Nhanh nhng Chnh xc
Do n gin nn ngi dng SketchUp c th v rt nhanh,
nhng khng c ngha km chnh xc. SketchUp c kh nng d
im ni suy, nhp liu ti chnh xc 6 s l phn thp phn, gi
lp bng theo thi gian thc, to mt ct tng tc

Hy t SketchUp vo ng vai tr ca n trong giai on
s phc. Mt cng c nh nhng v hiu qu cho mt mc ch
xc nh ch khng phi cng c ton nng.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 M u Trang 3
3. C g mi trong phin bn SketchUp 5.0
Nhm cng c Sandbox nhm to v hiu chnh b mt
a hnh hoc mt li tam gic ha bt k, vn rt hn
ch trong cc phin bn trc . Theo hng sn xut,
Sandbox cn c th to cc mt cong hu c, thm ch
c mt ngi. Tt nhin khng th c hiu qu nh cc
cng c chuyn bit ca 3ds Max, Maya hay Rhino.
Extension Manager dng tt bt cc tnh nng m
rng t dng ca SketchUp (nh nhm cng c Sandbox
chng hn) nhm n gin ha giao din ngi dng
Kha Component v Group khng v di chuyn
hay chnh sa.
Kiu hin th nt c thm ty chn Depthcue (nt gn
dy nt xa mnh) v ty chn Endpoints (nhn hai u
nt). Ngoi ra bn c th tt m hin th ton b nt trong
m hnh. Cc phin bn trc y tt m nt phi gin
tip qua lnh Hide/Unhide rt th cng.
Component Outliner gip bn qun l theo cy ph h
cc Group v Component dng trong m hnh. Rt
hu ch khi v mt m hnh ln
Giao din ngi dng c thit k li vi cc icon v
con tr chut mi
Kiu file nhp vo v xut ra h tr thm mt s chun
mi. u vo c thm 3D Studio (3DS), Digital Elevation
Mode (DEM). u ra c thm (OBJ ), (XSI) v (FBX).
Tng tc vi Component c vi thay i. Trong hp
thoi Component Browser, menu ng c thm dng lnh
Replace Selected thay th 1 component chn
trc trong m hnh bng 1 component ang chn trong
hp thoi. Khi chn 1 component, menu ng c thm
dng lnh Make Unique ngt ring nh ngha ca
component ra, khng b chnh sa hng lot.
Cng c Walk mc nh nhn bit vt cn trc v sau
camera, hn ch vic i xuyn vt cn. C thm tnh tng
di chuyn trn a hnh m khng thay i im ch.
H thng hp thoi c sp xp dng stack windows
trong cc title bar c th neo vi nhau, c th tri ty
trn mn hnh. C th tt bt ton hp thoi bng phm tt
hoc menu Show/Hide Windows. Mun truy nhp hp
thoi no ch cn click ln title bar hp thoi .
Lnh Push/Pull c th kt hp vi phm Ctrl to thm
hoc chia on mi, rt hu dng khi to s khng
gian cho cng trnh
H tr ngn ng Ruby cho php to cc ng dng,
plug-in ca ring mnh trong SketchUp
Fractional Units l loi n v th mc M hay dng
cng c h tr trong phin bn ny.
lO /U
CHUONG l: Gl/O DlLN VOl NGUOl DUNG
CHUONG ll: VL C/N B/N
T. Ccng cU Ve
2. Ccng cU fh|el yeU
3. Ccng cU CUcn cl
4. Ccng cU H|eU ch|nh
CHUONG lll: VL N/NG C/O
T. Nc| Uy
2. Khcc hUcng
3. He lrUc lcc cc
4. Ccng cU Xcy cUng
5. Ccng cU lcc c|c h|nh
CHUONG lV: VL CO HL fHONG
T. CUcn || lcyer
2. CUcn || Ccmpcnenl
3. CUcn || OUl||ner
4. fh|el |cp vc Ucn || mc h|nh
CHUONG V: /NH S/NG, V/f llLU, HlLN fH|
T. /nh cng
2. Vcl ||eU
3. H|en lh|
PHU lUC
lUC lUC
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng I Giao din vi ngi dng Trang 1
Drawing Area =Khng gian v
1. Toolbars (Thanh cng c)

I. GIAO DIEN VI NGI DUNG
Title Bar
Thanh tiu
Menu Bar =Thanh menu
VCB
Origin =Gc h trc
Display Modes Toolbar
Cc ch hin th
Views Toolbar
Cc hnh chiu
Status Bar
Thanh trng thi
Standard Toolbar
Cng c Chun
Principal Toolbar
Cng c Thit yu
Drawing Toolbar
Cng c V
Modification Toolbar
Cng c Hiu chnh
Construction Toolbar
Cng c Xy dng
Camera Toolbar
Cng c Quan st
Walkthrough Toolbar
Cng c B hnh
Drawing Axes =H trc
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng I Giao din vi ngi dng Trang 2
New =To file mi

Open =M file c

Save =Lu file

Make Component
=To Component

Cut =Ct

Copy =Sao chp

Paste =Dn

Eraser =Xa

Undo =Hi li lnh

Redo =Lp li lnh

Print =In file

Model Info
=Thng s m hnh

Context Help
=Hng dn nng
Iso =Trc o

Top =Mt bng

Front =Mt Nam

Right =Mt ng

Back =Mt Bc

Left =Mt Ty
Wireframe =Khung dy

Hidden Line =Nt thy

Shaded =T bng

Shaded with Textture
=Vt liu v bng

X-Ray =Xuyn sng
Value Control Box (VCB)
Hp nhp tr s
Nhp tr s v Enter p dng ln
cng c hin hnh. Khng cn click
chut vo vng ny khi nhp tr
Nt tri
Click =kch hot
cng c, chn im,
i tng, bt im.
Nt ln
Click r =xoay nhn
Shift +Click r =di nhn
Ln =thu phng nhn
Nt phi
Click =menu ng
Shadow Toolbar =Cng c gi lp bng
Hp thoi bng / Tt bt bng / Thng trong nm / Gi trong ngy

Select = Chn
Shift =nghch o
Ctrl =thm vo
Shift+Ctrl =bt ra
Tri qua phi =chn bao
Phi qua tri =chn ct


Move = Di chuyn
Shift =kha hng
Ctrl =sao chp
Shift+Ctrl =bt ra
Alt =p bin dng
VCB: nhp khong cch
Paint Bucket = T
Alt =ly mu
Ctrl =t nhng g ni lin
Shift =thay th ton b
Shift+Ctrl =thay th ni lin


Push/Pull = Ko/Nn
Click p =lp li tr s cui
Ctrl =sao chp on mi
VCB: nhp khong cch
Eraser = Xa
Shift =tt hin th
Ctrl =lm mm
Shift+Ctrl =lm sc


Rotate = Quay
Ctrl =sao chp khi quay
VCB: gc, dc
Rectangle = Hnh ch nht
VCB: nhp di, rng


Follow Me = Trt dn
Alt =t ng d mt phng
Line = on thng
Shift =kha hng
VCB: nhp khong cch


Scale = Thu phng
Shift =nghch o ng dng
Ctrl =hng tm
VCB: t l, di mi (mm)
Circle = Hnh trn
VCB: s on (s), bn knh (r)

Offset = Sao chp ng dng
Click p =dng li tr s cui
VCB: khong cch ng dng
Arc = Cung trn
VCB: s on, bn knh (r),
on dy cung (length), on
trung trc dy cung (bulge)


Orbit = Xoay nhn
Ctrl =b kha trc Z
Shift =di chuyn
Pol ygon = a gic
VCB: s on (s), bn knh
ngoi tip (r)


Pan = Di nhn
Free Hand = Phc tay
Shift =a tuyn 3 chiu

Zoom = Thu phng nhn
Shift =thay i trng nhn
VCB: tiu c (mm), gc nhn
(deg)
Tape Measure = o di
Ctrl =ch o
VCB: thay i t l ton cc

Zoom Window = Ca s
Dimension = Ghi kch thc

Zoom Extents = Phng kht
Text = Ghi ch

Zoom Previous = Hi li
Protractor = o gc
Shift =ch o
VCB: gc, dc
Walk = B hnh
Shift =di chuyn phng ng
Ctrl =chy nhanh
Alt =i xuyn vt cn
VCB: cao im nhn
Section = Mt ct


Look Around = Nhn quanh
VCB: cao im nhn
Axes = H trc ta
Position Camera = nh v
im nhn
Section Plane Toolbar
Hin mt phng ct / Hin nt ct
Layer Toolbar
Truy nhp layer / Hp thoi layer
Sandbox Tools
Cng c to a hnh
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng I Giao din vi ngi dng Trang 3
2. Dialogs Boxes (Hp thoi)
Khi lm vic vi SketchUp hay bt k phn mm ha no, bn
lun phi trao i vi my tnh 2 vn :
Ti mun my tnh lm g? ng vi vic thao tc lnh.
My tnh lm iu nh th no? ng vi vic cung cp
tham s lnh hoc tham s mi trng.
Nu Toolbars l ni cung cp thao
tc lnh th tham s lnh v tham s
mi trng c th tm thy trong
Dialog Boxes (cc hp thoi).
Ch 9/14 hp thoi l c th kt
thnh b tri ni t do nh hnh bn,
5 hp thoi cn li lun ng c
lp.
tt bt tng hp thoi vo menu
Windows>Tn hp thoi. cun
th tng hp thoi, click thanh tiu hp thoi. kt mt
hp thoi vo b, click r thanh tiu hp thoi ti gn nhau,
chng s t bt dnh. tt - bt cng lc tt c cc hp thoi
vo menu Windows/Show-Hide Dialogs. Di chuyn thanh tiu
ca hp thoi trn cng s di chuyn c b hp thoi.
3. Context Menu (Menu ng)
Ni dung menu ng thay i ty theo bi cnh. Kch hot menu
ng bng cch click phi chut. Menu ng c hiu lc :
Khi chn trc i tng
Khi hin hnh trong mt s
hp thoi (Material Browser,
Components )
Trong giao din SketchUp
(trang mn hnh, h trc).
4. Value Control Box -
VCB (Hp nhp tr s)
VCB nm gc di bn phi mn hnh. N hin th tr s hin
hnh v cng l ni bn nhp tr s khi thao tc lnh. c tnh:
Enter xc nhn tr s. Sau
khi xc nhn vn c th thay
i tr s min l bn cha kch hot cng c khc.Khng
cn thit click vo VCB khi nhp tr, VCB lun ch tn hiu
phm s t bn phm.
Tr s l (gn ng) s hin th km du ~ pha trc.
i khi tr s phi c n v chnh xc i km. n v c
th cng hoc khc vi n v h thng hin hnh.
Nhp ta tuyt i [x,y,z] hoc tng i <x,y,z>. Du
, hay ; ngn cch ty thit lp ca h iu hnh.
Khng nhp tr s trc du ngn cch hm ly li tr s
c trc .
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 1
1. Drawing Tools (Cng c V)
Line Tool (on thng)
Kch hot cng c >click chn im u on >ko chut nh
di v hng >click chn im cui on.
C th nhp tr s trong VCB thay cho vic ko chut. C
th nhp ta tng i trong khng gian ca im tip theo
dng [x,y,x] hoc <x;y;z> (ty thit lp trong h iu hnh).
To mt phng bng
cch v 3 hay nhiu hn
3 on thng ng
phng khp kn. C th
hn mt phng khuyt
cnh bng cch v b sung cnh b khuyt.
Chia on thng bng cch v thm on thng khc c t nht
mt im On Edge trn on cn chia.
chia u on thng click phi ln on >chn Divide >
nhp s on bng nhau cn chia.
Chia mt phng bng cch v on thng c im u im
cui thuc chu vi mt phng
on thng ph qua chu vi 2 mt phng (overlapping lines)
khng c tc dng chia mt.

Arc Tool (Cung trn)
Kch hot cng c >nhp
trn ng cong nu mun
(mc nh l 12) >click chn
im u cung >ko v click
chn im cui cung >ko v click on trung trc dy cung.
Cc tr s c trng cho mt cung u c th nhp trong
VCB thay cho vic ko chut.
Khi thao tc cung trn qua trng thi na ng trn
SketchUp s hin im v thng bo qua Tooltip.
Khi v nhiu on cung ni tip, on cung no ang v bt
sng xanh l l on cung tip tuyn vi on cung trc n.
Thm k t r sau tr s nhp trong VCB xc nh bn knh
cung trn thay cho chiu di on trung trc dy cung. Thm k
t s sau tr s thay i trn ca cung
II. VE CAN BAN
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 2
Freehand Tool (Phc tay)
Kch hot cng c >click chn im bt u >nhn gi phm tri
chut trong khi ko >th phm
tri chut im kt thc.
ng to ra c th khp kn
hoc khng.
v 3D Polyline gi
phm Shift trong khi thao tc.
3D Polyline l i tng phi
hnh hc trong mi trng SketchUp, khng th truy bt, dng
li nt nh nn nhp vo.
Click phi ng 3D Polyline > chn Explode ph 3D
polyline thnh a tuyn hnh hc, c th truy bt.

Rectangle Tool (Hnh ch nht)
Dng to ra mt mt phng c chu vi hnh ch nht hoc vung.
Cnh ca hnh lun song song vi h trc ta hin hnh.
Kch hot cng c >click chn gc u >di chuyn chut v
click chn gc i din.
C th nhp tr s di v rng trong VCB. Xoay h trc nu
mun v hnh ch nht khc hng h trc hin hnh.
Khi thao tc hnh ch nht qua trng thi hnh vung hoc
hnh c t l vng SketchUp s bo hiu bng ng cho nt
t v Tooltip.
Circle Tool (Hnh trn)
To mt phng c chu vi hnh trn, thuc mt mt phng hin
hu hoc mt phng h trc hin hnh.
Kch hot cng c >click chn tm >ko chut nh bn knh v
click hon tt.
Cc tr s c trng cho hnh trn u c th nhp trong
VCB thay cho vic ko chut. Thm k t s sau tr s thay
i trn ng trn.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 3

Polygon Tool (Hnh a gic)
Dng v a gic thng ni tip hnh trn t 3 n 100 cnh
thuc mt phng hin hu hoc mt phng h trc hin hnh.
Kch hot cng c >chn s cnh a gic >click chn tm >ko
chut nh bn knh ng trn ni tip >click hon tt.
Cc tr s c trng cho a gic u c th nhp trong VCB
thay cho vic ko chut hoc sau khi v

2. Principle Tool (Cng c Thit yu)

Select Tool (Chn i tng)

Thao tc chut Hiu qu
Click n Chn i tng n
R t phi sang tri
Chn i tng nm trong v
giao ct vi vng chn
R t tri sang phi
Chn i tng nm trong vng
chn
Ctrl +Click n Thm i tng vo tp chn
Ctrl +Shift +Click n Loi i tng khi tp chn
Shift +Click n
Nghch o trng thi c chn
khng c chn
Click p cnh Chn cnh v mt ni vi n
Click p mt Chn mt v cnh bao
Click 3 ln lin tip
Chn tt c cc mt v cnh ni
lin vi i tng
Ctrl+A Chn ton b m hnh
Ctrl+T hoc click vng trng Hy chn ton b
Dng menu ng c thm cc ty chn
Bounding Edges - Chn cnh bao
Connected Faces Chn mt ni lin
All Connected Chn tt c cc phn ni lin
All on same layer Chn tt c i tng cng Layer
All with same material Chn tt c i tng cng vt liu

Paint Bucket Tool (T i tng)
Dng t mu sc hoc vt liu cho i tng.
Kch hot cng c >Chn mu hoc vt liu trong Material
Browser c kch hot cng lc vi cng c >Click mt i
tng hoc mt tp hp chn.
Cn chuyn ch hin th Shaded hoc Shaded with
Texture c th nhn thy nhng g bn t.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 4
Qui c khi t
Khi t mt trc hoc sau mt mt phng nm trong tp
hp cc mt phng c chn, cc mt phng cn li s
c t mt trc hoc sau tng ng.
C th p lnh t ln mt hay nhiu cnh. c th thy
hiu qu ny cn chn ch hin th Windows > Display
Settings > Edge color > By Material.
Kt hp phm Ctrl t tt c nhng mt lin kt v c
cng vt liu ban u vi mt ang t.
Kt hp phm Shift chuyn i tt c cc mt c cng
loi vt liu sang vt liu mi ang t.
Kt hp phm Ctrl + Shift chuyn i tt c cc mt c
cng loi cht liu v c lin kt vi nhau sang vt liu
mi ang t
Kt hp phm Alt ly mu vt liu t i tng no
trong m hnh thnh vt liu hin hnh
Khi p vt liu ln Group hoc Component, nhng mt
phng p vt liu khc trc s khng b nh
hng bi vt liu mi.
3. Camera Tool (Cng c Quan st)
Khng gian v c th chuyn i gia php chiu phi cnh
(Perspective) hoc hnh chiu trc o (Paraline) trong menu
Camera > Perspective.
Kt hp vi cc mt phng chiu c bn s to c hu ht
cc hnh chiu mong mun
Truy cp nhanh cc cng c theo bng
Thao tc Hiu qu
Ln ln nt gia chut Phng to khung nhn
Ln xung nt gia chut Thu nh khung nhn
Ctrl+Shift+E Phng ton b kht mn hnh
Ctrl+Shift+W (t t) Phng mt phn kht mn hnh
Shift+R nt gia chut Trt khung nhn
R nt gia chut Xoay khung nhn gii hn trc Z
Ctrl+R nt gia chut Xoay t do khung nhn

Khi dng hnh nn chn php chiu trc o.
Nhng tnh nng nng cao lin quan n camera, ch
hin th trong m hnh c th xem chng V.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 5
4. Modification Tools (Cng c Hiu chnh)

Move Tool (Di chuyn i tng)
Chn mt hoc nhiu i tng >Kch hot cng c >Click
chn im u >Click chn im n.
di chuyn mt cch chnh xc nn kt hp vi truy bt im
kha hng v nhp liu trong VCB.
C th dng cng c Move di
chuyn mt phn i tng thc hin
lnh Schetch (co dn i dng).
Lnh Sketch ty theo bi cnh s to ra
np gp (Moving/Schetching with
Autofold) hoc khng to ra np gp.
Xu hng chung ca SketchUp l hn ch ti a vic pht sinh
cc np gp v mt phng khi Schetch bng cch kha cc
hng di chuyn gy ra bin dng qu ln. b qua tnh nng
ny, gi phm Alt trong khi Schetch, ta s c tnh nng bin
dng cng bc (Forcing Autofold).
Sao chp i tng (Copy) bng cch gi phm Ctrl sau
khi kch hot cng c v trc khi chn im u.
To dy tuyn tnh vi khong cch ch nh (Linear Array)
bng cch g t kha nx hoc *n. Vi n l s i tng ca dy.
To dy tuyn tnh chia
qung u gia 2 im cho
trc bng cch g t kha
n/ hoc /n. Vi n l s i
tng ca dy. Tnh nng ny
rt hu ch khi to hng ro, cu hoc b tr bn gh

Rotate Tool (Xoay i tng)
Chn mt hoc nhiu i tng >
Kch hot cng c >Click chn tm
quay >Click chn im u gc quay
>Click chn im cui gc quay.
xoay mt cch chnh xc nn kt
hp vi truy bt im kha hng v
nhp liu trong VCB.
Cng c xoay c th to ra hiu ng Vn (Twist) hoc Gp
(Fold) nu tc ng ln mt phn ca i ng.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 6
C th dng cng c Rotate Sao chp i tng
(Copy) bng cch gi phm Ctrl sau khi kch hot cng c v
trc khi chn im u gc xoay.
To dy hng tm vi gc ch nh (Radial Array) bng
cch g t kha nx hoc *n. Vi n l s i tng ca dy.
To dy hng tm chia gc u trong gc cho trc bng
cch g t kha n/ hoc /n. Vi n l s i tng ca dy.
i khi vic xc nh mt phng, tm v trc quay gp kh
khn, i hi phi di trc dng mt ph. Thay v th, c th
dng tnh nng chn trc quay v mt phng quay bng cch
Click-gi nguyn nt tri chut khi thao tc chn tm quay.

Scale Tool (Thu phng i tng)
Chn i tng >Kch hot cng c >Click chn grip (tay nm)
cn tc ng >Thao tc chut, phm hoc VCB.
Mi khi chn mt grip, grip tng ng i din c im sng
v tr thnh im neo ca php thu phng, loi grip khc nhau
c tnh nng khc nhau

Grips (Tay nm) Hiu qu
Coner grip Gc Thu phng theo h s t l chung 3 phng
Edge grip Cnh Thu phng theo h s t l ring 2 phng
Face grip Mt Thu phng theo h s t l 1 phng
Thao tc khc nhau cng mang li hiu qu khc nhau
Thao tc Hiu qu
Ko chut
Th t l ty cho n khi click
chut xc nhn
Gi phm Ctrl +Ko chut
Thu phng vi im neo l tm
ca tp chn
Gi phm Shift +Ko chut
o ngc tnh nng thu phng
theo h s t l chung hoc ring
Tt c cc h s t l c th nhp chnh xc trong VCB thay
cho vic ko chut.
Tnh nng thay i tr s sau khi
Enter rt hu ch khi Scale hng tm
c t l. Khng th cng lc nhn Ctrl
v ch s, hy scale hng tm vi h
s t l bt k sau nhp li t l ng.
Tng t cho vic d tm h s t l
ng nht.
Nhp tr s km theo n v trong VCB tng ng vic thu
phng theo tham s khong cch gia 2 grips.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 7
Vic thu phng ch tc ng ln kch thc ng bao tp
chn (Bounding Box). Do chng ta thng chn duy nht
mt i tng v ng bao thng hay trng khp vi chu vi
i tng nn rt d qun iu ny.
Mt s trng hp bt buc di trc scale chnh xc

Push/Pull Tool (Ko/Nn i tng)
Kch hot cng c >Click chn mt phng >Ko ri click chut
hoc nhp trong VCB khong cch ko/nn.
Copy mt nn mi (starting face) bng cch gi phm Ctrl
sau khi kch hot v trc khi chn mt.
Click p khi chn mt t ng
p tr s ko/nn trc .
C th dng cng c Push/Pull
c khong thng mt khi khi
nn mt phng thnh phn xung
ht chiu cao khi.

Follow Me Tool (Trt dn i tng)
Kch hot cng c >Click chn tit din >Ko chut dc theo
ng dn >Click chut ti v tr kt thc.
trt dn chnh xc hn nn : Chn ng dn >Kch hot
cng c >Chn tit din.
Tit din phi tng i vung
gc vi ng dn.
Gi phm Alt khi chn tit din
kch hot ch t ng d
ng dn v trt dn khp kn.
Chn mt phng > Kch hot cng
c > Chn tit din to s ra hiu
ng tit din t ng trt dn khp
kn theo chu vi mt phng.
Trt dn mt tit din theo ng dn hnh trn c tm nm
trn trc i xng ca tit din s to ra khi trn xoay.

Offset Tool (Sao chp ng dng)
Chn mt mt phng, hai hay
nhiu on thng ng
phng >Kch hot cng c >
Click chut ln tp hp
chn >Ko chut nh min
v khong cch sao chp >Nhp tr s trong VCB hoc click
chut xc nhn.
Click p ln tp hp chn khi thao tc lnh Offset lp li
min v khong cch sao chp trc .
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 8
Intersect with Model (Giao ct khi)
Dng ly giao tuyn v mt to bi cc hnh khi giao nhau.
Xp cc hnh khi v trng thi giao ct >Qut chn >Click phi
hin menu ng >Chn Intersect with Model >Xa phn tha.
Nu thnh phn giao ct l Group hoc Component, giao
tuyn v mt to thnh s nm trong cng bi cnh tng ng.

Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 1
Ngoi tnh nng hin th - nhp s trong VCB cp, c
th v chnh xc cn nm vng cc tnh nng sau
1. Inference (Ni suy)
Ch bt im lun thng tr m khng c ty chn no
khc, gip bn nhn bit v truy bt cc im c bit. Khi bt
im, cc tooltip bt tn theo bng bn di, im c bit bt
sng theo ch th mu.
Ch d vt gip xc nh mt im bt k nm trn 1 vt c
bit. Vt c bit c nt lin v mu nh bng bn di
Ch d im gip xc nh 1 im bt k nm trn 1 vt c
bit i qua 1 im c bit hin hu. Ch ny c tooltip From
point km theo vt c bit nhng th hin bng nt t.
Hnh di minh ha cho kh nng d im v d ng trong
SketchUp

Tn im Mu M t
Endpoint Xanh lc im u cui on hay cung
Midpoint Xanh l im gia on hoc cnh
Intersection en Giao on - on hay on mt
On Face Xanh en im thuc mt
On Edge im thuc cnh
Equi-Dist on Edge im , vt tm im vt gc u
Half Circle - To ng trn khi v cung
Center Xanh lc im tm hnh trn
Tn vt Mu vt M t
On Axis Vt song song hoc trn trc X
On Axis Xanh lc Vt song song hoc trn trc Y
On Axis Xanh en Vt song song hoc trn trc Z
Parallel to Edge Tm Vt song song vi on
Perdendicular to
Edge
im , vt tm Vt vung gc vi on
From Point
Mu nh trn
vt c nt t
D im
III. VE NANG CAO
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 2
Khi thao tc chut trn mt mt hin hu, chng trnh t
ng v trn mt . Nu khng c mt hin hu, khng c ch
nh bt im no khc, chng trnh t ng v trn mt to
bi h trc v mt hnh chiu thi im .
Mi ch ni suy u bo ton d cc i tng hnh hc nm
trong Group hoc Component.
2. Inference Locking (Kha hng)
Trong mt khng gian v qu hp, d chuyn chut d dng gy
nhiu khi ni suy. Cch tt nht l kha hng. Hnh bn cho
thy cch kha hng d c vt song song trc Z nh
mun m khng ln ln sang
trc khc hoc im khc.
kha hng ch cn gi
phm Shift ngay sau khi nh
chn c vt mong mun.
Vt s ni m ln. Lc ny
bt k chut u, chng
trnh ch hiu 1 vt duy nht.
3. Drawing Axes (H trc
ta )
Gm 3 ng thng vi 3 mu - Lc
Xanh ng vi trc X Y Z vung
gc vi nhau. Origin l im gc h trc
khi va khi to 1 m hnh. H trc gip
bn nh v trong khng gian 3D, d vt
v v chnh xc. C th tng tc vi h trc thng qua menu
ng bng cch click phi ln thnh phn bt k ca h trc.
Di v xoay ty chn Place >click chn gc ta mi >
click chn hng trc X >click chn hng trc Y.
Di v xoay chnh
xc chn Move >
hp thoi Move
Sketching Context >
nhp khong cch
trc mi so vi trc
c, SketchUp t
ng hiu n v mc nh ca h thng (hnh trn).
Khi phc h trc gc chn Reset
Tt hin th h trc chn Hide
Khi xut file, h trc t ng tt.
Vic di trc rt cn thit khi cn v,
hiu chnh cc i tng, mt
phng, on thng khng song
song vi h trc.
Kt hp cc tnh nng trn vi
cc lnh v c bn trnh by chng I cng nh cc tn
nng t phn ny tr v sau, bn s m rng s linh hot v
chnh xc mt cch ng k. Cc tnh nng ny c gi tr xuyn
sut SketchUp. ng qun p dng chng bt c lc no c th.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 3
4. Construction Tools (Cng c Xy dng)
Tnh kh thi c hiu l mc chi tit ca thng tin m bn
cung cp cho cho chng trnh khc, cho ngi khc hoc cho
qu trnh ti to li m hnh ngoi i thc.
Tape Measure (o di)
Kch hot cng c >click chn im u >click chn im cui.
Nu c 2 im l Enpoint: o di thun ty, c tr s
trong VCB
Nu ch c 1 im l
Endpoint: o di kt hp to
on dng (th hin nt
t). im cui ca on
dng c nh du v c
th truy bt. im dng ny gi l Construction Point
Ch click 1 im On Edge v
ko chut ra ngoi: to mt
ng trc song song vi
on, khong cch song
song c th nhp trong
VCB. ng trc ny gi l
Construction Line.
Trong mi trng hp, gi phm Ctrl trong lc thao tc o
di thun ty.
Mt tnh nng quan trng khc ca Tape Measure l Thu phng
ton cc m hnh. Thao tc nh sau
Xc nh on thng d nh lm c s thu phng ton
m hnh. Dng Tape Measure o di thun ty ca
on, quan st tr s trong VCB.
Nhp di mi. T l di mi / c s l t l thu phng
tt c cc di khc trong m hnh.
Thu phng ton cc ch c tc dng vi component to mi
trong m hnh hin hnh. Component trong th vin, component
l bn v tham chiu khng b nh hng ca thao tc ny.
Protractor (o gc)
Kch hot cng c >Click chn v tr
tm thc gc >Click chn hng
ng 0
0
>ty chn nh sau
o gc thun ty >Click
chn hng cn li. Tr s gc
s hin th trong VCB. ng
thi mt ng trc (Construction Line) c to ra trn
hng click sau cng
dng gc >nhp gc hoc dc x : y trong VCB.
Thc gc t ng bt dnh theo nc 15
0
, t

ng bt dnh
vo mt phng gn nht. Gc m xui chiu kim ng h, gc l
th hin dng thp phn. C th kha hng nh v tm
thc gc chnh xc hn .
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 4
Dimension Tool (Ghi kch thc)
Ghi kch thc thng: kch hot cng c >chn im u cho
ng dng >chn im tip theo cho ng dng >ko chut
chn phng ca ng kch thc.
C th ghi kch thc on nhanh bng cch kch hot cng
c > click im On Edge trn on > ko chut chn phng
ca ng kch thc.
Ghi kch thc ng knh - bn knh: kch hot i tng >
click chn cung trn (Arc) hoc hnh trn (Circle) >ko chut
chn phng ca ng kch thc.
Chuyn i kch thc bn knh
sang ng knh hoc ngc li
bng cch: click phi ng kch
thc > chn Type > chn
Radius hoc Diameter.
Khi bn quay di i tng
ghi kch thc, ng kch
thc s quay di chuyn theo.
C th chnh sa s kch thc thng qua menu ng.
Ch s kch thc nm trn phng ng hoc nm trn
ng kch thc ty theo thit lp ton cc trong hp thoi
Model Info, xin xem cc chng sau.
Text Tool (Ghi ch)
Ghi ch thun ty: Kch hot cng c >click vo khong trng
mn hnh >nhp ch. Ghi ch i tng: Kch hot cng c >
click chn im u mi tn tr vo >click chn phng dng
ch >nhp ch.
Mi tn tr c 2 loi: lun
hng theo mn hnh (View Based) v lun hng theo khng
gian vt th (Pushpin), thit lp trong hp thoi Model Info.
Khi ghi ch i tng, nu khng thay i, mc nh dng
Text th hin cc thng s ty theo loi i tng ( di, din
tch, di x rng x cao )
Click p ln mt phng bt k khi ang thao tc Text Tool ly
con s din tch dng text, rt hu ch khi ghi ch nhanh din
tch phng.
Khc vi ch s kch thc c tnh ton cc. Cc ch ghi ch
trong mt m hnh c th mang cc thuc tnh khc nhau.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 5
Section Plane (Mt phng ct)
Cng c ny to ra mt phng ct (section plane) v vt ct
(section slice). Thao tc: kch hot cng c ri >chn phng
hng ct thch hp.
Khi kch hot, mt phng ct t ng bt dnh mt phng v h
trc gn nht. V vy nn tn dng tnh nng kha hng c
kt qu chnh xc.
C th dng cng c hiu chnh Move hoc Rotate di
xoay mt phng ct.
Khng th gii hn mt mt phng ct trong cng mt bi
cnh (context). Mt mt phng ct lun ct qua tt c cc i
tng giao vi mt phng trong cng mt bi cnh (context).
To mt group cc i tng cn ct > chuyn n bi cnh
group > to section plane trong bi cnh > chuyn v bi
cnh m hnh. Bng cch ta gi lp vic gii hn mt
phng ct, ch cho n ct qua mt s i tng nht nh.
Tng tc vi mt phng ct bng cch click phi ln mt
phng ct >menu ng. C cc ty chn:
o hng ct chn Reverse
Nu c nhiu hn mt mt phng ct chn Active Cut
kch hot mt phng ct tng ng.
Giao tuyn mu trn mn hnh l vt ct o ch c gi
tr hin th. to vt ct tht chn Create Group from
Slice. Thao tc ny to ra vt ct a tuyn, c lp vi
i tng b ct, c bi cnh ring v thuc tnh ring.
Chn Align View dng mt phng chiu theo mt
phng ct. Rt hu ch khi cn to mt ct 2D hoc mt
ct phi cnh 1 im t.
Chn Hide tt hin th mt phng ct.
Ti mt thi im, trong mt bi cnh (context) ch c mt
mt phng ct duy nht c th hin hnh v cho hiu ng ct.
Nu mun c nhiu hiu ng ct trong cng mt thi im,
cn to ra nhiu bi cnh, mi bi cnh cha mt section plane.
Th thut ny cng c dng khi cn to mt ct khng ng
phng (gp on)
Hiu ng ct c th xut ra file nh im hoc nh vect. Ch c
vt ct tht (section slice) mi xut ra nh vect c.
S dng Pages (trang mn hnh) lu gi hin th ca hiu
ng ct. Hiu ng ct c th tham gia vo hot cnh.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 6
5. Sandbox Tools (Cng c To a hnh)
im ci tin ng k nht ca phin bn 5.0 so vi trc .
Nhm cng c nng cao ny mc nh n sau khi ci t
SketchUp. c th s dng cn bt n ln qua menu Window
>Preferences >Extension >check vo mc Sandbox Tools.
Sandbox from Contours (To t ng ng
mc).
Trc ht cn c cc ng ng mc nh hnh trn. C th
to ng ng mc bng cc cng c v trong SketchUp hoc
nhp ng ng mc t phn mm khc vo SketchUp.
Thao tc: vo menu Draw > Sandbox > From Contour. Mt a
hnh s t ng to ra da trn c s cc ng ng mc.
i khi do dc qu t, cng c to li to ra mt mt dc
khng nh . Hy dng chc nng Flip Edge (lt cnh tam gic
n v) khc phc tnh trng .

Sandbox from Scratch (To t mt TIN phng)
Kch hot cng c >clich chn im u li TIN phng >ko
ri click chut nh chiu di li (tr s trong VCB) >ko ri
click chut nh chiu rng li (tr s trong VCB).
Khong cch n v li (Grid Spacing)mc nh l 10 n
v. bn c th thay i tr s ny trong VCB trc khi v li.
Chiu di rng ca li cng c th nhp trong VCB khi v.
Sau khi to li, i tng li s l mt group, nu mun
hiu chnh cn phi vo bi cnh tng ng hoc ph v group.
Smoove Tool (Tc b mt a hnh)
Kch hot cng c >xc nh bn knh nh hng nh (thng
qua VCB) >click chn v tr a hnh cn tc >di chuyn chut
to cao mong mun >lm mm mt a hnh c hiu qu
cui cng.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 7
m bo r group mt TIN a hnh hoc vo bi
cnh tng ng trc khi thao tc lnh ny.
C th chn mt nhm nh cnh trn mt TIN trc khi
kch hot cng c Smoove. Th thut ny rt hu ch khi v
ng phn thy - hp thy trn a hnh.
Click p khi ang thao tc ly li phm vi chn v cao
ln v tr trc p dng cho v tr mi.
Tuy mc nh cng c Smoove di chuyn cc nh TIN theo
phng ng m bo cc a hnh tn ti ph hp nguyn l
trt t. Nhng vn c th p cc nh di chuyn theo phng
khc nu gi phm Shift khi thao tc.
Cn cn nhc vic p nh TIN di chuyn theo phng khc
phng ng. Vic ny c th v tnh to ra mt a hnh khng
dng c trong san nn (hm ch chng hn) song cng c th
to ra cc mt hu c sinh ng (mt vi, chi tit trang tr).
Stamp Tool (San nn)
Cng c to mt hay nhiu mt nn phng t khi kin trc
ln trn b mt a hnh. Thao tc:
To hoc chn mt nn ca khi m hnh. nh v mt
nn ln pha trn mt TIN, khng nht thit phi tip xc.
Kch hot Stamp Tool v click chn mt nn. Hp VCB
ch nhp khong cch chn nn so vi mt nn .
Click ln mt TIN a hnh. Di chuyn chut xc nh
cao mt nn so vi a hnh. Click chut sau khi hon
tt. Lm mm mt a hnh cho hiu qu sau cng
Mt nn khi m hnh c th l mt hay nhiu mt phng,
group hoc component u c.
Stamp Tool s khng c tc dng trn group hoc
component ang m hiu chnh.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 8
Drape Tool (Ph mt a hnh)
Cng c ny chiu mt i tng (con ng chng hn) thnh
nhng on thng ph trn b mt a hnh. Thao tc:
To hoc nhp mt a hnh trong SketchUp
To i tng ph mt a hnh (ng hoc mt phng).
t chng nm trn mt a hnh (khng nht thit tip
xc).
Chn i tng ph mt a hnh. Kch hot Drape Tool
Chn mt TIN a hnh. Phn nt ph mt a hnh s
c to ra nh hnh di
D i tng ph mt l mt phng cng ch c ng bao
ca n c chiu ln mt a hnh.
Nu mt TIN ang trong mt group hoc component th
ng ph mt a hnh s khng nm trong bi cnh ca group
hoc component .
Nu khng chn trc i tng ph mt vn c th thao
tc lnh. Lc SketchUp s yu cu bn chn i tng ph
mt a hnh trc khi chn a hnh.

Add Detail Tool (Chi tit ha mt TIN)
To mt TIN t li >kch hot cng c >click chn nh, cnh
hoc mt tam gic n v trn mt TIN.
Tnh nng chi tit ha mt TIN thng tp trung vo mt vi
tr tr cn mm cao khi thao tc vi cng c Smoove.
S dng nhng ni tht cn thit, trnh lm nng thm m
hnh mt cch khng cn thit.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng III V nng cao Trang 9
Flip Edge Tool (Lt cnh tam gic n v ca
mt TIN)
Ti to mt a hnh l vic tng i phc tp, trong vi trng
hp, SketchUp to ra nhng mt dc khng nh . Khi , cn
dng cng c ny lt cnh cc mt tam gic c s li TIN
Kch hot cng c >di chuyn chut trn mt dc im sng
nhng cnh tam gic c th lt >click xc nhn cnh lt.
Khng th thy c cc tam gic n v trn mt a hnh
lm mm. Thay v lm sc nt tr li, hy vo menu View >
Hidden Geometry.
Ch c nhng cnh tam gic n v c th lt mi pht sng
khi r chut qua. Vic nhn bit ny do SketchUp quyt nh.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 1
1. Layer Manager (Qun l lp bn v)
Bt tt hp thoi qua menu Window/ Layers. Hoc bt tt nhm
cng c qua menu View/Toolbar/Layers
Thao tc vi hp thoi
Nt Add, Delete dng To, Xa layer
Du option check dng chuyn i layer hin hnh.
Click n vo ct Name thit lp, thay i tn layer.
Dng check box tng ng ct Visible tt bt layer.
Click n vo mu tng ng ct Color chnh mu
hin th ca layer
Click vo nt hnh tam gic t en nm ngang, gc trn bn phi
hp thoi kch hot Details Menu vi cc tnh nng: Select
All (chn tt c cc layer), Purge (xa cc layer rng), Color by
Layer (mu hin th ly theo mu layer thay v mu i tng)
Thao tc vi nhm cng c
Chn tn layer trong list box chuyn layer hin hnh.
Nu trc chn mt hay nhiu i tng s ng
thi gn cc i tng chn vo layer .
C th tt nhng khng th xa layer0. Khng th tt layer
hin hnh.


i tng thuc layer0 nhng nm trong group-component
thuc layer khc vn hin th d tt layer0.
Khi xa mt layer khng rng, SketchUp cho 3 tu chn : Xa
trit _ Xa layer nhng chuyn ni dung layer v layer mc
nh ( thng hiu l layer0 )_ Xa layer nhng chuyn ni dung
layer v layer hin hnh
S hin th hay khng hin th ca mt i tng c xc
nh theo th t nh hng gim dn nh sau
Thit lp hin th ca group_component cha i tng.
Thit lp hin th ca bn thn i tung
Thit lp hin th ca layer cha group_component
Thit lp hin th ca layer cha i tng

Hp thoi Layer Manager v
nhm cng c Layers.
IV. VE CO HE THONG
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 2
2. Component Browser (Qun l Component)
Bt tt hp thoi qua menu
Window/Components. Thng
qua hp thoi, s dng cc phm
mi tn, danh sch cc library
tm kim cc component.
chn mt component vo m
hnh, n gin click hin hnh
component trong hp thoi
browser sau click ln vng v.
to mt component: chn cc
i t ng cn to, click phi
chn Make Component. Sau
t tn cho component. Tt c cc
component dng trong m hnh c hin th trong th vin In
Model.
Khi import 1 m hnh SketchUp khc vo m hnh hin
hnh n s to thnh 1 component tng ng.
Menu ng khi click phi ln mt component trong m hnh:
Entities Info hin th v hiu chnh cc thuc tnh nh:
tn, m t thnh phn hnh hc, s bn sao, layer cha
n, thuc tnh t ng dn mt, lun quay v camera
Erase xa component trong m hnh. Hide tt hin
th component. Lock dng kha component, trnh tc
ng v .
Edit Component c lp,
ng thi chuyn vo bi
cnh tng ng hiu
chnh component. Vic hiu
chnh ng nhin nh
hng tt c cc bn sao
trong m hnh, tr khi trc
chn Make Unique
tch component khi s
rng buc vi cc bn sao
khc (to thnh 1 compo
nent mi).
Explode ph v component thnh cc i tng ri.
Unglue dng hy thuc tnh t ng dn mt.
Reload cp nht li cc thay i ca file gc vo
component hin ti. Kt hp vi th thut import mt m
hnh vo m hnh khc ta c hiu ng tng t xref.
Save As lu component ang chn thnh file ring.
Change Axes thay i im chn ca mt component.
Sau khi thay i cc component trong th vin In Model
s mang im chn mi (component trong cc th vin
khc khng nh hng).
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 3
Reset Scale/Reset Skew khi phc li t l, hnh dng
gc ca componetn khi thu phng hay bin dng mt
component bn ngoi bi cnh ca n (khng thng qua
lnh Edit Component).
Scale Definition cp nht t l mi ca mt component
vo nh ngha component. Sau khi cp nht, cc
component chn trc khng thay i t l nhng
cc component t lc tr v sau khi chn vo m hnh
s mang t l mi.
Intersect with Model thc hin giao ct component.
Flip Along lt component theo cc trc ca n.
Zoom Extents phng kht component ln khung nhn.
Menu ng khi click phi ln component trong browser:
Properties dng hin
th v chnh mt s
thuc tnh tng t nh
Entities Info, ngoi tr
cc tnh nng c thm
nh: bt tt tnh nng
Expand thng k
thnh phn hnh hc c
tnh ti componetn con
hay khng, ngun load component
Delete xa component khi th vin In Model cng vi tt
c cc bn sao tng ng trong m hnh.
Reload cp nht thay i file ngun vo component trong
th vin cng nh bn sao tng ng trong m hnh.
Save As lu thnh file ring
Select Instances chn tt c cc bn sao tng ng
trong m hnh.
Replace Selected thay th component chn trc
trong m hnh bng component ang chn trong th vin.
Click vo nt hnh tam gic t en nm ngang, gc trn bn phi
hp thoi kch hot Details Menu vi cc tnh nng:
Icon View/List View duyt component theo tn hay icon.
Refresh cp nht component khi c thay i trong h
thng.
Purge Unused xa scomponent tha trong m hnh.
Add to / Remove from Favorites to hay xa cc th
vin component c nhn.

Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 4
3. Component Outliner (Qun l Outliner)
Bt tt hp thoi qua menu Window/Outliner. Chc nng chnh
ca Component Outliner l qun l theo cu trc ph h
(hierarchical tree) cc group_component trong m hnh, rt hu
ch khi phi lm vic vi 1 m hnh ln v phc tp.
Trong hp thoi, click tn group_component chn, click
p m bi cnh tng ng. Cc thao tc khc c th thc
hin thng qua menu ng tng t ngoi khng gian v.
Vi group_component c cp con, dng k hiu (+) hay (-)
trc n th hay cun tng nhnh ph h. Chn Expand All
hay Collapse All trong Details Menu th hay cun ton b
ph h.
C th nhn dng trng thi mi group_component theo h
thng k hiu hnh_ch sau (xut hin u mi nhnh ph h)

ngha K hiu
Component 4 im vung en c
Group 1 im vung en c
Component kha 4 im vung xm + kha
Group kha 1 im vung xm + kha
Component ang m 4 im vung xanh rng
Group ang m 1 im vung xanh rng
Component_Group n Tn in nghing m

C th cu trc li cc group_component trong ph h bng
cch xc nh v tr ngun, v tr, dng chut thao tc ko th.
C th dng b lc cc k t c trong tn group_component
bng cch g k t vo Filter u hp thoi.
Cn phn bit 2 loi:
Instance name v
Definition name. Cc bn
sao group_component cng
loi trong m hnh cng chia
s mt nh ngha chung. V
th, cc group_component
cng loi c th mang nhiu
instance name ging hoc
khc nhau nhng ch c duy
nht 1 definition name.
Instance name ng u nhnh ph h cn Definition name nm
trong du ngoc nhn.
Sa i instance name ca group_component bng cch
chn mc Rename trong menu ng. Sa i definition name
thng qua mc Entity Info trong menu ng.
u t cho vic t instance name, definition name cng qun l
cu trc ph h group_component ngay t u mang li hiu
qu rt ln trong vic cp nht m hnh sau ny.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 5
4. Model Settings and Managers (Thit lp v
qun l m hnh)

4.1 Model Info Dialog Box
Kch hot qua menu Window/Model Info. C chc nng qun l
cc tham s ton cc nh hng n m hnh, mang yu t
ha. Cc mc theo th t
4.1.1 Colors : iu khin mu sc hin th ca cc thnh phn
trong khng gian v nh Edge (cnh), Face front/Face back (mt
trc/sau) Hightlight (mu nh du chn), Constr lines (mu
nt trc), Lock (mu i tng b kha).
Lu mc Background, Sky, Ground cho chn mu
phng nn, mu tri, mu mt phng ngang. Thang trt
Transparency v mc Show ground from below iu chnh
ch hin th khi nm di mt phng nn OXY v nhn
ngc di y nn ln.
4.1.2 Component : iu khin hin th ca cc group,
component trong khng gian v.
Thang trt Fade similar component chnh m ca cc bn
sao cn li khi m bi cnh ca mt trong s chng. C th
check mc Hide n cc bn sao cn li.
Thang trt Fade rest of model chnh m ca phn m hnh
cn li khi m bi cnh ca mt group, component. C th check
mc Hide n phn m hnh cn li.
C th check Show component axes hin th h trc ca
mi group, component.
4.1.3 Dimension : iu khin
hin th ton cc cc ng
kch thc.
Mc Text cho chn kiu, c v
mu ca ch s kch thc.
Check mc Show radius/diam
prefix hin th tin t bn
knh, ng knh.
Mc Leader Lines cho chn
kiu nhn u ng kch thc v ng dng vi cc ty
chn None, Slash, Dot, Closed v Open nh hnh v m t
Mc Dimension vi ty chn Horizontal to screen hoc Align
to dimesion line qui nh ch s kch thc lun i din vi
khung nhn hay lun nm trn ng kch thc.
Cc thang trt Hide when foreshorten, Hide when too small
iu chnh ngng n ng kch thc khi qu ngn hoc
khung nhn thu li qu nh.
Mc Troubleshooting cho ty chn im sng nhng ng
kch thc v nh, khng bt vo i tng.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 6
4.1.4 File : cha cc thng tin v thuc tnh file ang v nh tn,
dung lng, a ch th mc, m t
Mc Alignment cho chn trc tnh nng t ng dn mt, lun
quay v pha khung nhn, bng bt bin c th chn file
hin hnh vo nh mt component trong file khc.
4.1.5 Location : gi lp a im t m hnh vi cc a danh
cho trc hoc t thit lp theo ta a l. C th ch nh
hng Bc trong mc Solar Orientation. Hp thoi Location rt
quan trng khi mun gi lp bng chnh xc cho m hnh.
4.1.6 Section Planes : cho php hiu chnh dy nt ct, mu
nt ct, mu ca mt phng ct hin hnh v khng hin hnh.
4.1.7 Statistics : thng k cc i ng hnh hc trong m
hnh. Ty chn xa cc i tng tha Purge unused v sa
cc li hnh hc Fix errors
4.1.8 Text : iu khin hin th ton cc cc ch thch.
Mc Text cho chn kiu, c v mu ca ch ghi ch.
Mc Leader Lines vi
ty chn End point cho
cc kiu u mi tn
ch thch nh None,
Slash, Dot, Closed Arrow v Open Arrow nh hnh v m t.
Ty chn Leader qui nh hin th ch thch theo kiu View
Based (lun gi trng thi 2 chiu ca ch) v Pushpin (quay
ch trong khng gian ty theo khung nhn). Ty chn Select all
text v Update selected text chn tt c i tng text trong
m hnh, thay i thuc tnh ri p dng thay i cho tt c cc
i tng text chn.
4.1.9 Tourguide : qui nh thi gian chuyn ng ca mi khung
nhn v thi gian chuyn i gia cc khung nhn khi lm slide
trnh chiu.
4.1.9 Units : qui nh h n v ton cc ca m hnh. n v
chn trong hp thoi ny s tr thnh mc nh, khng cn nhp
km n v trong VCB. Tuy nhin, vn c th ch nh n v bt
k cho mt gi tr c th, nu c tnh nhp km n v trong
VCB.
4.2 Entity Info Dialog Box
Kch hot que menu
Window/Entity Info. Khng
th khi qut do rt linh ng
v hon ton ph thuc vo
i tng c chn trc
khi kch hot. Hp thoi ny
mang tnh hng i
tng, ng dng ty lc, ty s linh ng ca ngi dng.

4.3 System Preferences Dialog Box
Kch hot qua menu Window/Preferences. C chc nng qun
l cc tham s ton cc nh hng n mi trng lm vic ca
phn mm SketchUp, mang yu t k thut
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 7
4.3.1 Drawing : vi cc ty chn cho kiu click chut, kiu v
lin hon, hin th dy tc vi mc ch dung ha thi quen
s dng cc phn mm ha khc nhau trc .
4.3.2 Extensions : Tt, bt cc nhm cng c nng cao trong
SketchUp nh Ruby Script, Utilities Tools (Creat Face v Query
Tool), Sandbox Tools.
4.3.3 Files : lu gi ng dn cc th mc chun.
4.3.4 General : qui nh ch lu bn backup, thi gian t
ng lu, ch t ng kim tra li hnh hc khi m file
4.3.5 OpenGL : qui nh cc thit lp v chun OpenGL. Khng
nn hiu chnh phn ny nu khng nm chc, v n can thip
su vo ch hin th ca SketchUp.
4.3.6 Shortcuts : dng t phm tt cho h thng. Rt hu ch
nng cao tc v. Mc Function lit k tt c cc lnh theo
menu, mc Assigned bo cho bit lnh c gn phm
tt no trc
cha. Nu assigned
cn trng c th gn
phm tt mi trong
Add Shortchut
Click du (+) v
(-) gn v g phm
tt trong tng ng.
C th dng phm
n hay t hp phm gn. Nn u tin phm n cho cc lnh
thng dng nht. T hp phm nn c tnh gi nhc.
Khng t 2 phm tt cho 1 lnh hoc 1 phm tt cho 2 lnh.

H thng phm tt c th thit lp ring ty theo mi ngi
dng trn cng mt my (nu s dng mng v phn quyn
ng nhp).
H thng phm tt c th xut_nhp thng qua file .dat bng
cch click nt Import_Export, rt hu ch di chuyn hoc
thng nht h thng phm tt gia cc my, gia cc ngi dng
4.3.7 Template : dng m mt file mu c sn khi cn v mi
mt m hnh. Mc nh SketchUp c sn cc file mu ng vi
cc h n v : Architectural US, Centimeter, Meter, Millimeter.
Cng c th ti mt file SketchUp c lm file mu bng cch
click vo nt Browser.
Cc file Template nn chp vo th mc C:\.Program Files\ @
Last Solfware\SketchUp 5\Templates.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 1
1. nh sng
Trong SketchUp ch c khi nim v nh sng trc tip ban ngy
vi c th phn nh cc mng bng , mng sng ti khng
c vng m chuyn tip. nh sng nhn to, hiu ng nh sng
chuyn su khng c pht
trin trong SketchUp.
Cc thit lp c bn v nh
sng nm trong hp thoi
Window/Shadow Settings
hoc truy cp nhanh trn
nhm cng c vi cc mc
chnh
Display Shadow bt,
tt ch hin th nh sng. Nn tt i khi ang dng
hnh.
Time Chn gi trong ngy.
Date Chn ngy trong nm
Light chnh cng sng ca mng sng
Dark chnh cng sng ca mng ti
On face bt tt ch bng ln vt khc
On ground bt tt ch bng ln nn
From edges bt tt ch ly bng ca ng nt
Cc thit lp ny mang tnh ton cc nh hng tt c cc
i tng. Nu mun mt s i tng c hay khng c bng
, c th thit lp qua hp thoi Entity Info ca tng i tng.
Mun gi lp nh sng nh a im thc cn kt hp vi
mc Location trong hp thoi Model Info trnh by chng
trc. Mun gi lp nh sng nh thi gian thc cn kp hp vi
k nng lm slide show s c trnh by sau.
Trong SketchUp, vt trong sut di ngng 70% s khng
c bng cng nh khng nhn bng t vt khc.

2. Vt liu
2.1 Material Browser
(Chn vt liu)
Khi chn cng c Paint
Bucket, hp thoi Material
Browser s t ng kch hot
thao tc chn mu hoc vt
liu, sau click ln i tng
gn mu hoc vt liu va
chn.
V. ANH SANG, VAT LIEU, HIEN TH
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 2
Material swatch th hin mu vt liu hin hnh, nm
gc trn bn tri hp thoi.
Library tab cc nhm th vin mu, vt liu c sn trong
SketchUp hoc browse ti th vin c nhn ngi dng.
In Model tab cc vt liu ang dng trong m hnh.
Create/Edit nt to mi / chnh vt liu thng qua hp
thoi Material Editor. C th chn lnh Edit nhanh bng
cch click p vo mu vt liu.
Cc tnh nng khc trong Details Menu ca hp thoi
Display Size chnh c hin th mu vt liu trong browser
Insert Material chn vt liu hin hnh trn material
swatch vo nhm th vin hin hnh trong browser.
Purge Unused xa cc vt liu tha trong m hnh.
Clear/Open/Merge Library xa, m, ghp th vin.
Sort by Name mc nh SketchUp sp xp vt liu trong
mt th vin theo sc thi mu, chn mc ny sp
theo tn.
Save/Save As Library lu li cc thay i hoc lu th
vin hin hnh thnh th vin mi.
Ngoi tr vt liu n thun mu sc, cc vt liu c s
dng mu t thng c dung lng kh ln. Nn thng xuyn
s dng tnh nng Purge Unused.
Kch hot menu ng ca mt mu t trong browser, chn
Area bit tng din tch ca vt liu trong m hnh.
Vn cn mt s tnh nng linh hot khc nm trong menu ng
ca mu vt liu trong Library tab v In Model tab phc v cho
cc phng php v khc nhau ca mi ngi.
Khng nn ty tin thay i ni dung, cu trc cc nhm
th vin chun ca SketchUp, thay vo , hy Save As chng
thnh th vin c nhn trc khi thit lp cc ty bin.

2.2 Material Editor (Chnh mu vt liu)
Hp thoi Material Editor lun xut hin khi tin hnh to mi,
hiu chnh vt liu hoc khi click p vo mu vt liu bt k. Cc
tnh nng ca hp thoi
Material Name tn vt
liu.
Material loi vt liu.
Color Picker xa cc vt
liu tha trong m hnh.
Undo Color Changes
xa, m, ghp th vin.
Match Color of Object
in Model ly mu vt liu t i tng trong m hnh p
ln vt liu ang chnh sa.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 3
Match Color from Library Sample ly mu vt liu trong
th vin p ln vt liu ang chnh sa
Use Texture Image - Texture File bt tt tnh nng dng
hnh nh lm mu t. Ch nh file nh s ly lm mu t
Reset Color tr li trng thi mu sc ban u ca mu
vt liu, trc khi chnh sa
Colorize chc nng ng b sc thi mu, gip cho vic
chnh sa mu sc khng lm thay i tng quan
nguyn thy gia cc mu vi nhau.
Dimensions iu chnh kch thc hin th mu t dng
trong m hnh
Lock/Unlock Aspect Ratio kha-m kha t l ngang-
dc ca mu t
Opacity iu chnh trong sut ca vt liu, trong
sut di ngng 70% s khng c bng .
Add thm mt mu vt liu va chnh sa vo th vin
2.3 Position Texture Tool (T vt liu trong 3D)
Ngoi nhu cu hiu chnh b mt hin th vt liu, ta cn c nhu
cu hiu chnh cch p vt liu trong khng gian cng nh bin
hnh cch p . Thao tc chung
Click phi b mt c t vt liu >Texture >Position >
Thao tc hiu chnh >K thc bng mc Done trong menu ng
hoc phm Enter hoc click ra vng trng
Vt liu s c hin th di dng li n v, mt trong s
chng hin th 4 im neo. C 2 loi neo
Neo c nh (Fixed Pin) khi thao tc vn gi tng quan vi cc
im neo cn li. Dng thu phng, di chuyn, quay mu t
bng icon v tnh nng nh sau

Icon neo c nh Tnh nng

Click r chut di chuyn mu t.

Click r chut theo gc ng h scale, r
chut vng trn xoay mu t

Ko xin mu t theo hnh bnh hnh

Hiu chnh mo phi cnh ca mu t
Neo t do (Free Pin)
khi thao tc khng gi
tng quan vi cc
im neo cn li. Dng
hiu chnh mo phi
cnh ca mu t

Click n ln neo
di chuyn v tr neo
trn mu t. Lu neo c nh thch hp vi cc mu t c qui
tc nh gch, ngi. Neo t do thch hp vi mu t l nh nn.
Cc tnh nng trong menu ng ca neo c nh, neo t do
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 4
Fixed Pin chuyn i qua li gia 2 loi neo
Done kt thc thao tc hiu chnh v lu kt qu. Tng ng
click chut ra khong trng kt thc lnh, lu kt qu.
Reset khi phc trng thi trc khi chnh sa. Tng ng
phm Ecs trong thot khi lnh, khng lu kt qu
Flip lt mu t theo phng ngang hoc ng
Rotate xoay mu t cc gc 90,180,270
Undo/Redo phc hi thao tc ti hoc lui tng bc, hhc vi
Undo/Redo ton cc
Khi t mt nh nn ln mt gp khc, mi mt s nhn ta
nh ring bit, khng lin mch. t hnh nn lin
mch qua cc mt gp khc thao tc nh sau:
T mt u tin nh thng thng
Click phi mt va t > Texture > Position nhng khng
chnh g c. Sau chn Done
Chuyn cng c Paint Bucket, dng phm Alt ly mu nh
nn trn mt va t.
Tin hnh t cc mt tip theo, nh nn s lin mch trn
cc mt sau .
Tnh nng ny ng dng khi cn t nh mt dng ch lin mch
qua cc mt gp khc chng hn.
Thao tc hiu chnh cch t khng c tc dng vi vt liu
trn mt cong. Nu mun, phi hin th cc nt khut chia mt
cong (View/Hidden Geometry) ri hiu chnh trn tng mt
phng thnh phn

3. Hin th
3.1 Qun l trang mn hnh (Pages)
Trong SketchUp, c th thit lp nhiu trang mn hnh (Pages),
mi trang lu gi mt kt qu hin th vi cc thit lp tng
ng i km. Thao tc qun l page thc hin thng qua hp thoi
Window > Pages vi cc ni dung
Add/Delete thm hoc xa
mt trang mn hnh. Tn
trang v m t trang c th
nhp vo mc Name v
Description
Update lu li cc thit lp i
km vi trang mn hnh sau
khi ta thay i. Cc thit lp
ny bao gm cc mc bn
di hp thoi (Properties to
save) : camera, bng , n-hin, mt ct, kiu hin th,
h trc v layer. Ch c mc c nh du mi lu
li.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 5
Include in slideshow ch trang no c nh du mc ny
mi c tnh vo chui slideshow lm hot cnh.
Nt mi tn ln xung iu chnh th t trc sau ca
trang mn hnh. Nt mi tn thu gn hp thoi
Sau khi khi to trang mn hnh u tin, hng trn cng khng
gian v xut hin thanh Page Tab m qua c th thao tc
menu ng vi cc ni dung
Add/Update/Delete c tnh nng tng t trong hp thoi
Slideshow trnh din hot cnh tm thi trn mn hnh
Page Manager m hp thoi qun l
Lun lu li cc thit lp i km mi khi thay i chng,
nu khng bn s phi thc hin li cc thao tc hiu chnh
Trnh t Pages cng l trnh t slideshow trong hot cnh,
thi gian lu nh v chuyn ng thit lp trong hp thoi
Model Info, sau cng xut ra kiu file thch hp c hot cnh.
3.2 Ch hin th (Display Settings)
Trong SketchUp, kt qu hin th trn mn hnh cng chnh l kt
qu hin th ca thnh phm. Tt nhin c th dng thm cc
phn mm ha khc tc ng ln thnh phm nhng kh
nng ny tng i hn ch. V th, nn ch ng thit lp hin
th mong mun ngay trong SketchUp thng qua hp thoi
Window > Display Settings vi cu trc sau
Hng icon khi lp phng t tri sang phi vi cc ch hin
th cho mt phng (Face Rendering)
X-Ray Mode lm cho tt c
cc mt phng trong
SketchUp trong m, gip
thao tc vi cc i tng b
che khut. Ch hin th
ny c th kt hp vi tt c
cc ch , hiu ng hin th
khc (nu di y)
Wireframe hin th khung
dy. Hin th tt c cc nt khut v thy. Khng hin th
mt phng. Cc cng c thao tc mt phng cng khng
c tc dng.
Hidden Line ch hin th mt phng v nt thy. Khng
hin th bng v vt liu. Thch hp xut bn v nt
sau v tay hoc x l bng cc phn mm khc.
Monochrome cng l ch hidden line nhng bt hin
th bng .
Shaded hin th mt phng, nt thy v bng bn thn
di nh hng ca nh sng
Shaded with Textures hin th bng bn thn v vt liu.
Ch ny lm chm tc x l ca phn mm, khng
nn dng khi ang v.

Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 6
Cc tnh nng hin th ca cnh (Edge Rendering)
Show Edges bt tt hin th cnh
Show Profile bt tt hin th cnh vin ca i tng
hon chnh trong 3D. Nhp dy nt bng n v pixel
Depth Cue hiu ng nhn nt theo nguyn tc gn m
xa nht. Nhp dy nt gn im nhn nht bng n v
pixel.
Jitter Lines hiu ng mt nt nhiu ln nh v tay.
Extension Lines hiu ng v d u nt. Nhp di
on d bng n v pixel
Endpoint hiu ng nhn m u nt. Nhp di on
nhn m bng n v pixel
Phi hp cc hiu ng nt v mt phng vi nhau, bn s
c rt nhiu ty chn sng to.
Edge Colors cho cc ty chn v mu sc ca nt
All Same chuyn tt c cc nt theo mu mc nh trong
hp thoi Model Info. y ch l mu hin th, khng tht
s thay th mu gn cho nt (nu c)
By Material hin th nt theo mu gn cho n. V trong
SketchUp bn c th t mu cho nt.
By Axis hin th nt theo 3 mu ca 3 trc hin hnh m
n song song. Tnh nng ny rt hu ch pht hin cc
nt khng song song vi h trc hin hnh
Cc tnh nng b sung cho hin th mt (Additional Face
Rendering Options)
Use sun for shading c nh bng bn thn theo mt
tri. Nu khng chn tnh nng ny, bng bn thn thay
i bt k theo v tr camera.
Enable Transparency bt tt hiu ng ca vt liu trong
sut vi 3 mc u tin tng dn cho din ha nhng
chm dn cho tc x l: Faster, Medium, Nicer
3.3 trn hin th (Soften/Smooth Edges)
Tnh nng Soften/Smooth Edges iu chnh chi tit ca mt
cong. trn thp, mt cong th hin nh tp hp cc mt
phng r nt. trn cng cao,
mt cong cng mn, nt mt dn.
Truy nhp hp thoi
Soften/Smooth Edges thng qua
menu ng trong khi v l cch
nhanh nht. Cc ty chn
Angle between normals ngng gii hn ca gc gia
hai mt phng s b lm trn. Tt c cc mt phng hp
vi nhau gc nh hn hoc bng tr s ny s b lm trn
Soften coplanar lm trn, xa nt gia nhm cc mt
phng hay gn nh phng.
Khi lm trn, cc nt khng tht s b xa m ch n i. C th
hin th chng di dng nt t qua menu View > Hidden
Geometry
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Chng II V cn bn Trang 7
3.4 Tinh chnh khung nhn
Nhm cng c quan st c bn (Camera Tools) h tr dng
v hiu chnh hnh. Nhng trc khi xut ra thnh phm cn tri
qua vi thao tc tinh chnh.

Position Camera (nh v camera)
Chn cng c, cao tm mt t ng thit lp 5 feet, 6 inches
(tng ng 1676mm).
Click chut bt k trong khng gian v xc lp khung nhn
khng im ch. Hoc click >gi chut >ko xc nh tia nhn
v ch n >th chut thit lp khung nhn c im ch.
C th iu chnh cao tm mt trong VCB trc hay sau khi
nh v. C th dng trc cc ng trc (construction line)
nh v chnh xc camera

Hiu chnh trng nhn phi cnh
Kch hot cng c zoom >Thanh VCB hin th tiu Field of
View cho php thay i trng nhn phi cnh thng qua
n v (deg) ca gc nhn hoc (mm) ca tiu c ng knh
ty theo n v nhp vo. Mc nh l n v gc.
Look Around (Nhn quanh)
Cng c ny dng quay camera 360 trn chn
chng c nh, tng ng vic o mt nhn bao qut.
Sau khi kch hot cng c th r chut thao tc.

3.5 Slideshow v Animation
C th xem hiu ng chuyn ng quanh cng trnh nh th no
qua cng c Walk. Nhng nhn chung cng c ny cn thiu tin
li trong iu khin v hiu qu mang li khng bng slideshow.
Nguyn tc thc hin
T chc tht tt trnh t v cc thit lp hin th ca
Pages. Trnh t, thit lp ca page chnh l kt qu s th
hin trong slideshow v animation.
S Pages cng t cng tt. Ch to page cc im nt
thay i v kch bn hoc hin th
Thit lp thi gian lu trang mn hnh v thi gian lu
nh hp l.
Thit lp kiu nn video, s khung hnh trn giy v
phn gii khung hnh tht hp l
Khi m bo tt cc nguyn tc trn, ch cn vic xut ra nh
dng video rt n gin qua menu File > Export > Animation.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Ph lc Trang 1
A - Thut ng h tr
Tnh cht cng vic tuy khc vi gii tin hc nhng c nhng
kin thc thuc din ph cp m kin trc s nn hiu bit
nguyn l c bn ca n.
1. nh im (Raster images)
a. Khi nim: nh im c cu thnh t cc im hnh vung
mang thng tin mu sc ring bit (pixels). Khi ghp st cc
im vi nhau theo mt trt t ngang v dc s th hin ni
dung nh. Lu :
Kch thc nh ln, s pixels cng nhiu, dung lng tp
tin cng ln, nh cng r nt v mu sc trung thc.
Khng th tng kch thc nh ln hn s im nh thc
t c c m khng lm gim cht lng nh.
b. Vi loi file nh im
JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Groups): cc k ph bin hin
nay do kh nng nn rt cao, gim dung lng ti a, rt thch
hp cho vic truyn gi nh gia cc thit b, email v xem trn
trang web. Vic nn nh s lc b d liu, gim cht lng
nh mt cch khng th hi phc.
PNG (Portable Network Graphics): Ph bin tng t chun
J PEG nhng vic nn nh khng lm mt d liu im nh.
Thn trng khi dng chun PNG cho m hnh th trong
SketchUp (m hnh cha c mu t texture)
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format): Km thng dng do c qu
nhiu chun TIFF v khng tng thch hon ton gi cc h
thng khc nhau. Thng dng khi in n vi phn gii cao.
BMP (Bitmap): nguyn thy c pht trin cho Clipboard ca
h iu hnh Microsoft Windows. Cc ng dng d dng tip
cn chnh sa. Dung lng rt ln, khng thich hp cho mi
trng truyn d liu v lu tr.
TGA (Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics Adapter or Tagar):
chun TGA pht trin bi hng AT&T dng km vi Truevision
video boards mang li phn gii cao v tnh tng thch mu
cho my tnh c l s thi k u. Ngy nay, mi my tnh c
nhn vi bo mch ha y nng lc c th qun i bo mch
Targar. Tuy vy, chun TGA vn c s dng bi tnh cht
nn khng mt d liu, n nh v c h tr knh alpha.
Epix: chun ring ca chng trnh Piranesi, mt chng trnh
din ha kin trc.
PHU LUC
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Ph lc Trang 2
2. nh vect (Raster images)
a. Khi nim: ni dung nh c lu tr, th hin qua thng s
cc vect hnh hc v thng s v mu.
Dung lng nh vect thng rt nh.
T mt file nh vect c th xut ra cc phn gii bt
k m cht lng nh vn c gi nguyn
b. Vi loi file nh vect
EPS (Encapsulated PostScript): xy dng trn chun PostScript
ca hng Adobe, l chun giao tip gia cc chng trnh v
my in, c s dng rng ri trong cng nghip in v ha
PDF (Portable Document Format): cc k ph bin trong hot
ng trao i n bn in t trn Internet. Chun PDF bo lu
font ch, nh dng, i tng ha ca vn bn gc, c bit
lu n chng trnh v h thng to ra vn bn gc. Bt k
ai s dng phn mm Adobe Reader (min ph) cng c th chia
s, tip cn, in n mt cch chnh xc nh cc ti liu PDF.
Lu : nhiu yu t ca mt m hnh SketchUp nh mu t
(texture), bng (shadow), bng bn thn (smooth shading),
hu cnh (background), xuyn sng (transparency) khng th
xut sang chun PDF v EPS.
DWG (AutoCAD Drawing File): chun ca phn mm AutoCAD
pht trin bi hng Autodesk vi nhiu phin bn khc nhau
(R12,R14,R2000,R2004).
DXF (Data Exchange File): chun ha 2D c h tr bi
hu ht cc ng dng CAD trn nn Macintosh v PC, nn dng
trao i d liu gia cc ng dng CAD khc nhau.
3. Hot cnh (Animation)
a. Khi nim: hot cnh thc cht l mt lot cc nh vect
hoc nh im c lin h vi nhau pht li theo thi gian thc.
Cht lng v dung lng hot cnh hon ton ph thuc vo
thi gian chiu, thut ton nn, s khung hnh/giy v kch thc
khung hnh.
b. Vi chun nn video trong SketchUp
CinepakCodec by Radius: chun mc nh trong SketchUp. D
khng mi m nhng cho ra nhng on film ng tin cy, chy
sun s trn bt k h thng no cng nh trn CD-ROM, nn
lng tt. Cinepak l chun nn bt i xng v lc b d liu
khung hnh.
Intel Indeo Video R3.2: chun thit k ring cho vic chy file
video t a CD-ROM, tnh cht tng t Cinepak nhng t ph
bin hn.
Microsoft Video 1: thit k ring cho Window 3.1, cht lng
khng cao v ngy nay rt him khi s dng.
Intel Indeo Video 4.2 - Intel Indeo Video 5.10: chun nn video
lc b d liu khung hnh, tc , linh hot, tng thch tt vi
mt cht lng nh trung bnh. Vic khai thc i khi i hi cc
phn mm chuyn bit ca Intel.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Ph lc Trang 3
Full Frame Uncompressed: xut hot cnh trn vn, khng thc
hin bt k vic nn d liu no. Nn xut hot cnh dng ny
trc khi tin hnh trch xut cc phng n cht lng khc
nhau.
4. Chnh mu sc trong SketchUp (Color Picker): c h tr
hn ch theo h mu HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness), HLS
(Hue, Light, Saturation) v RGB (Red, Green, Blue). iu ny
cho thy vic in n khng phi l mc tiu hng ti ca
SketchUp. c c n bn sau cng, chng ta phi kt hp
x l vi cc cng c ha khc.
5. Ruby API: bn c th s dng ngn ng lp trnh Ruby
xy dng thm cc tin ch, menu, macro, plug-in cho
SketchUp theo chun API (Application Programming Interface).
Ruby l mt ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng mi do Nht
Bn pht trin.
Bn thn SketchUp cng tch hp kh nng truy cp trc tip c
php ngn ng Ruby trong mt ca s console. Vic khai thc
Ruby API trong SketchUp c ngha tng t nh AutoLISP
trong AutoCAD.
7. OpenGL: cng nh cc ng dng 3D khc, SketchUp i hi
ti nguyn h thng kh cao. Bn cnh b vi x l mnh (CPU)
v b nh RAM ln, bn nn c bo mch ha mnh v
trnh iu khin bo mch h tr 100% chun OpenGL.
OpenGL l mt chun cng nghip s dng trong hu ht cc
ng dng v tr chi c nhu cu th hin hnh hc khng gian.
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Ph lc Trang 4
B - Thut ng dng trong SketchUp
Autofold: vic chn mt im thuc cnh hoc mt ca mt i
tng hnh hc, di chuyn chng, dn n kt qu i tng
hnh hc b x ko, vn xon hay gp.
Component: l mt trong cc thnh t hnh hc ca SketchUp,
c th bao gm cc thnh t khc. C th s dng li nhiu ln
gia cc m hnh hoc trong cng m hnh. Thuc tnh cc
Component tham chiu vi nhau nn c th p dng vic thay
i hng lot.
Construction Tools: cc cng c hnh hc chun, m bo cc
i lng trong xy dng.
Context: bi cnh. L khi nim c lp ha cc thnh t hnh
hc theo tng cp ph h. Khi chy SketchUp, mc nh bn
ang lm vic trong model context. Khi to Component hoc
Group ng thi bn to context con ca model context v c
th tip tc c cc context nh hn na nu bn tip tc to
Group trong Group, Component trong Component. Hu ht cc
thao tc lnh ca bn ch c gi tr trong context hin hnh.
Context Menu: menu ng c ni dung ty theo bi cnh. Kch
hot context menu bng cch chn i tng v click phi.
Default Material: vt liu mc nh, mc nhin gn cho tt cc
cc mt phng to mi trong SketchUp cho n khi bn thay i
vt liu ca mt phng . Vi vt liu mc nh, mt trc v
mt sau ca 1 mt phng c hiu l khc nhau.
Drawing Tools: cc cng c dng v cc thnh t hnh hc
(entities) trong SketchUp.
Entity: cc thnh t hnh hc to nn mt m hnh.
Group: nhm. L mt trong cc thnh t hnh hc ca
SketchUp, c kh nng cha ng cc thnh t khc. Vic chia
nhm hay gi trng thi sticky cn cn nhc theo chiu hng
c li nht cho m hnh.
Ground Plane: mt phng nm ngang tng trng cho mt t.
SketchUp qui c mt phng OXY tuyt i l Ground Plane,
mi cao u c so vi Ground Plane.
Healing: hn 2 mt phng ng phng ring r bng cch xa
phn tuyn.
Inference: ni suy trong SketchUp, khi dng km tnh nng kha
hng s rt hu dng cho vic dng hnh.
Insertion Point: im chn ca component
Layer: lp i tng iu khin vic hin th, h thng ha cc
i tng trong m hnh. Layer trong SketchUp tng t layer
trong AutoCAD vi cc thuc tnh Tn, Mu, Hin th nhng
khng c Kiu nt v dy nt.
Layer Manager: hp thoi qun l h thng layer trong m hnh.
Origin: im gc h trc ta trong SketchUp
Page: trang hin th. Ging nh khi nim slice trong cc ng
dng trnh chiu. Mi trang hin th cha m hnh hin hnh v
Hng dn s dng SketchUp 5.0 Ph lc Trang 5
cc thit lp hin th nh im nhn, bng , kiu hin th v
mt ct. Cc trang hin th c th kt hp vi nhau to thnh
hot cnh trnh din TourGuide.
Principal Tool: cc cng c c bn trong SketchUp.
Ruby Console: mi trng m rng trong SketchUp, ni bn c
th thao tc c php ngn ng Ruby
Ruby Programming Language: mt loi ngn ng lp trnh
hng i tng.
Ruby Script: nhng on m chng trnh nh vit bng ngn
ng Ruby, mc ch thm cc tnh nng tu bin cho SketchUp
Sandbox: mt c tam gic ha, ging nh sn ct,
thng dng v a hnh trong SketchUp. C th to Sanbox
bng nhm cng c Sandbox Tools.
Section Plane: mt phng ct dng nh v, nh hng nht
ct trong m hnh.
Section Slice: vt ct. L giao tuyn gia mt phng ct v i
tng b ct.
Split: chia mt mt phng thnh 2 hay nhiu phn khc nhau
bng cch v trn 1 hay nhiu on thng
Sticky - Stickiness: trng thi cc i tng dnh vo nhau, khi
di chuyn thnh phn ny s bin dng thnh phn dnh vi n.
Three-Point Perspective: phi cnh 3 im t.
TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network): mt a hnh tam gic
ha. Mt TIN c th xem nh Sandbox hoc Mesh.
Two-Point Perspective: phi cnh 2 im t, tt c cc on
song song trc Z (Xanh) u vung gc vi mt phng ngang.
Value Control Box: hp nhp hin th tr s trong khi v, nm
gc di bn phi mn hnh giao din SketchUp
Walkthrough Tool: cng c gi lp vic i b xung quanh v
bn trong m hnh
X-Ray Mode: ch hin th m tt c cc mt trong m hnh
u xuyn sng. Rt hu dng xem v chnh sa cc phn b
che khut bn trong hoc pha sau ca m hnh.